Colonial and Indian Exhibition, 1886 [microform] : official catalogue

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F. WHITFIELD & Co.,
FLOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON,

66,

AND

OXFORD STREET,

BIRMiNGHAM.

/34

Ti ae &
NORTH

Wilson Bennisen; Surveyor tc the Royal

i a ROYAL COMMISSION FOR THE
| COLONIAL AND INDIAN EXHIBITION, LONDON, 1886.

. Executive President—HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G.
Secretary—Sik PHILIP: CUNLIFFE-OWEN, K.C.M.G., C.B., C.LE.
Assistant Secretariese—EDWARD CUNLIFFE-OWEN, Esq., B.A.; J. R. ROYLE, Esg. (for India).
ul

EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE
COLONIES. COMMISSIONERS. COLONIES. COMMISSIONERS.
A DOMINION OF CANADA. The Hon. Sie C. Tupper, M Oexvion ....... A. N. Birch, Esq., C.M.G.
G C.M.G., C.B. N MaurRiTIvus ..... J. A. Despeiesis, Eaq.
B NEW SOUTH WALES. . Sir Alexander Stuart, O STRAITS SETTLEMENTS F. A. Swettenbam, Eaq.
K.C.M.G. P Hose-Koxe .... The Seoretary tothe Royal
C WicToRIA ...... The Hon. Graham Berry. Commissicn.
D SOUTH AUSTRALIA .. Sir A. Blyth, K.C.M.G. 3 BRITISH NORTH BORN BO Sir RK. Alcock, K.C.B. |
E QUEENSLAND. .... The Hon. J. F. Garrick, BRITISH GUIANA... G. H. Hawtayne, ° |
C.M.G. S West InpIgs. .... A. J. Adderley, Exq., C.M.G.
F WESTRRN AUSTRALIA. TheHon. M. Fraser,C.M.G. T BsItish HONDURAS. . A.J. Add , Eng., C.M.G.-
H N&w ZEALAND... . Sir F. D. Bell, K.C.M.G j J WEST A¥RICAN COLONIES Sir James Marshell, }
IT Figt «2. ee we ww The Hon. J. E. Mason, V MatTa ....... Sir V. Houlton, 6.6.M.G.
M.L.C. WCrprats....... Haniiton Lang, Esq.
J CAPE OF GOOD Hopg . SirC. Mills, K.C.M.G. X FALKLAND ISLANDS. . The Secretary to the Royal |
K NATAL .. . wee Sir W. C. Sargeaunt, Commission.
: K.C.M.G. Z INDIAN EMPIRE.
L St. HELENA... . ~ Lieut.-Col.Kdmund Palmer

The Secretary to the Royal Commission.

22eo

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RPL

INTERNATIONAL FOUR STORE,

163, REGENT STREET, LONDON,
T. S. JAY, Manager.

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International Health Exhibition.

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EXHIBITION,
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OFFICIAL

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Advertisements.

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CONTENTS.

PAGE

: Map of the World showing British Possessions
Ground Plan of Exhibition Buildings . i ° . . ° * Frontispiece

Royal Commission. ° , ; . . . ‘ ; ° v
Committees to the Royal Commission : ‘ , A : ; , P ix
Executive Staff . ° ‘ ‘ ‘ : xiii
Commissions appointed by the Colonial Governments ‘ , F ; . XV
Indian Empire—Executive Staff and Committees in India. ‘ e . ° lvii
Executive Commissioners in London ‘ , ‘ : ‘ ‘ ‘ . lxi

Regulations . . ° ‘ . : : ; . . . Ixv
Colonial Views in Entrance Hall . ‘ : . ‘ ‘ ‘ : . _ Lxxiv
Ship Models in Entrance Hall ‘ : 1xxv
Complimentary List of Firms who have rendered special services to the “Royal

Commission . a ‘ ° P ° ° - xxviii
Garden Illuminations . é . : : ; ‘ ‘ ; : . lxxxvii
Illuminated Fountains . . 5 : . P . ; j ‘ . lxxxviii
Old London Street : ‘ ; . : : . : ‘ 3 . Ixxxix

@ The Aquariun . ‘ ; , 4 ‘ ; xciv
® Pictures shown in Gallery of Royal ‘Albert Hall : ; : ‘ . - = -xevii
The Empire of India_ . ‘ ‘ ‘ ¥ ; . ‘ ° ; 8
The Dominion of Canada : ; . ; ‘ ‘ ; ‘ . ‘ 91

New South Wales . . : F ; : ; : . ‘ ‘ 149
ictori _ ° ‘ . ; P ‘ ‘ F é ‘ P . 1738
South Australia . i ; ‘ . f : F ‘ ‘ , 205
' : 2 ; ; ‘< é ; . ‘ ; ; , 227
Western Australia . ‘ mi, ; P ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ é . P 249
New Zealand ‘ ‘ ‘ ? ‘ ‘ . . ‘ . F ; 265
wiji . : P i : : A . , ‘ ‘ 287
yape of Good Hope , : ‘ ; F . : ‘ j : : 293
; ‘ , ; P § . . . ‘ ‘ ‘ é 811

‘ e ¢ 318

‘ P R $21

. . e ‘ 825

i ; : : ‘ 835

Straits Settlements . 843
Hong-Kong . ‘ ‘ ‘ 353
British North Borneo . , ; 358
British Guiana ‘ ‘. ; > 367
; . ‘ ‘ 883

: nN F . 891

‘ i ; ; 4 ‘ 406

Windward Islands - s A : ‘ 415
pward Islands . : x ‘ ‘ ‘ 484

; ;: . i ‘ 446

British Honduras . ‘ ‘ ; . ‘ 452
West Africa Settlements ‘ i 45¢
: ‘ i ‘ ; ’ ‘ ; ' ‘ ‘ 457

; ‘ ‘ ; . é ‘ ‘ i 459
e e e ‘ ry ® . . e ry e tok

u d Islands . ° ° ® ° e « r) ° ° ° * 471

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Patron,
HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY THE QUEEN.

ROYAL COMMISSION.

Gazetted November 18tt, 1884,

Grecutive President.

FIELD-MARSHAL H.R.H. THE PRINCE CF WALES,
K.G., K.T., K.P., G.C.B., G.C.S.1,, G.C.M.G.

Vice-Admiral H.R.H. THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH, K.G, K.T., K.P.
G.C.S.I., G.C.M.G,

Major-General H.R.H. THE DUKE OF CONNAUGHT AND STRATHEARN
, K.G,, K.T., K.P., G.C.S.1., G.C.M.G., C.B.
' Field-Marshal Commanding in Chief H.R.H. THE DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE,

K.G.,, K.T., K.P., G.C.B., G.C,S.1., G.C:M.G,

The DUKE OF MANCHESTER, K.P.

The DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM AND CHANDOS, G.C.S.I.

The DUKE OF ABERCORN, C.B.

The MARQUESS OF LANSDOWNE, G.C.M.G,

The MARQUESS OF SALisBURY, K.G.

The MARQUESS OF NORMANBY, G.C.B., G.C.M.G.

The MARQUESS OF RIPON, K.G., G.C.S.I.

The MAROUESS OF HARTINGTON, M.P.

The MARQUESS OF LORNE, K.T., G. Cy M.G.

The EARL OF DERBY, K.G.

The EARL OF DALHOUSIE, K.T.

The EARL OF ROSEBERY.

The EARL OF CARNARVON,

The EARL CADOGAN..

The EARL GRANVILLE, K.G.

The EARL OF KIMBERLEY, K.G,

vi Colonial and Indian Exhibition..

The EARL OF DUFFERIN, K.P., G.C.B., G.C.S.I., G.C.M.G.

The EARL OF NORTHBROOK, G.C.S.I.

The EARL OF LYTTON, G.C.B., G.C.S.I,

The EARL OF IDDESLEIGH, G.C.B.

The VISCOUNT CRANBROOK, G.C,S,I.

The ViscounT Bury, K.C.M.G.

The Loxp REay. ;

Field-Marshal The LORD NAPIER OF MAG®ALA, G.C.B., G.C.S.1.

The LORD ABERDARE, G.C.B,

The Hon, ANTHONY EVELYN MELBOURNE ASHLEY.

The Hon. EDWARD STANHOPE, M.P,

‘The Right Hon, Sir JAMES FERGUSSON, Bart., G.C.S.I., K.C.M.G., C.I.E.

‘The Right Hon. HUCH CULLING EAR? UEY CHILDERS,

The Right Hon, Sir WILLIAM HENRY GREGORY, K.C.M.G., F.R.S,

The Right Hon. Sir LYON PLAYFAIR, K.C,B., M.P., F.R.S.

The Right Hon. Sir MICHAEL EDWARD NIcKs BEACH, Bart., M.P.

The Right Hon. ANTHONY JOHN MUNDELLA, M.P.

The Right Hon. MOUNTSTUART ELPHINSTONE GRANT-DUFF, C.I.E.

The Right Hon. Sir Louis MALLET, C.B.

The Right Hon. the LoRD MAyor OF LONDON (for the time being).

The Right Hon. the LorD PROVOST OF EDINBURGH (for the time being).

The Right Hon. the LORD MAYorR OF DUBLIN (for the time being).

Sir HENRY THURSTAN HOLLAND, Bart., G.C.M.G., M.P,

Sir DANIEL COOPER, Bart., K.C.M.G.

Sir JOHN ROsE, Bart., G.C.M.G.

Sir EDWARD BIRKBECK, Bart., M.P.

Field-Marshal Sir PATRICK GRANT, G.C.B., G.C.M.G.

General Sir FREDFPicx PAUL HAINES, G.C.B., G.C.S.i., C.LE.

Major-General Sir HENRY CRESWICKE RAWLINSON, K.C.B., F.R.S.

Lieutenant-General sir CHARLES HENRY BROWNLOW, K.C.B.

General Sir EDWIN BEAUMONT JOHNSON, K.C.B.

Lieutenant-General Sir HENRY DOMINICK DALY, K.C.B.

Lieutenant-General Sir SAMUEL JAMES BROWNE, K.C.B., K.C.S.1., V.C.

Major-General Sir PETER STARK LUMSDEN, G.C.B., C.S.I.

Sir THOMAS BRASSEY, K.C.B., M.P.

Sir ROBERT GEORGE WYNDHAM HERBERT, K.C.B.

Major-General Sir FREDERICK RICHARD POLLOCK, K.C.S.I.

Lieutenant-General Sir HARRY BURNETT LUMSDEN, K.C,S.I., C.B,

Sir BARROW HELBERT ELLIS, K.C.S.I,

Lieutenant-Generai Sir DIGHTON MACNAGHTEN PROBYN, K.C,S.1., C.B.,
V.c.

Surgeon-General Sir JOSEPH FAYRER, K.C.S.I., M.D.

Sir JossPpH DALTON HOOKER, K.C,S.I., C.B., M.D,

Royal Commission. vii

Colonel Sir OWEN TUDOR BURNE, K.C.S.,1., C.LE.

Lieutenant-Colonel Sir ROBERT GROVES SANDEMAN, K.C.S.I.

Sir LepeEL HENRY GRIFFIN, K.C.S.I.

Colonel Sir OLIVER BEAUCHAMP COVENTRY ST. JOHN, K.C.S.I.

Major-General Sir ANDREW CLARKE, G.C.M.G., C.B., C.1L.E.

Sir CHARLES TUPPER, G.C.M.G., C.B.

General Sir EDWARD SELBY SMYTH, K.C.M.G.

Sir ARTHUR BLYTH, K.C.M.G.

Sir FRANCIS DILLON BELL, K.C.M.G.

Sir SAUL SAMUEL, K.C.M.G,

Sir WILLIAM CHARLES SARGEAUNT, K.C.M.G.

Sir CHARLES HUTTON GREGORY, K.C.M.G.

Sir JOHN COODE, Knt.

Sir GEORGE CHRISTOPHER MOLESWORTH BIRDWOOD, C.S.I., M.D.

Colonel Sir EDWARD RIDLEY C. BRADFORD, K.C.S.I.

Sir CHARLES MILLS, K.C.M.G.

Major-General JOHN WATSON, C,B., V.C.

Colonel HENRY YULE, C.B.

Major-General MARTIN ANDREW DILLON, C.B., C.S.I,

Lieutenant-General CHARLES JOHN FOSTER, C.B,

JOHN ARTHUR GODLEY, Esq., C.B,

HORACE GEORGE WALPOLE, Esq., C.B.

Lieutenant-General RICHARD STRACHEY, C.S,I.

Major-General JAMES MICHAEL, C.S.I.

Colonel ARTHUR EDWARD AvuGusTuS ELLIS, C.S.I.

ROBERT ANSTRUTHER DALYELL, Esq., C.S.1.

ARTHUR Hopcson, Esq., C.M.G.

Captain MONTAGU FREDERICK OMMANNEY, C.M.G,

ROBERT MuRRAY SMITH, Esq., C.M.G.

AUGUSTUS TOHN ADDERLEY, Esq., C.M.G,

JAMES FRANCIS GARRICK, Esq., C.M.G.

The PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL ACADEMy oF Arts (for the time
being).

The PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL Society (for the time
being).

The PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY (for the time
being).

The PRESIDENT OF THE INSTITUTION OF CivIL ENGINEERS (for the time
being). :

The PRESIDENT OF THE ASSOCIATION OF CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE FOR
THE UNITED KINGDOM (for the time being).

HENRY COPPINGER BEETON, Esq.

ERNEST EDWARD BLAKE, Esq.

viii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

TS

BERTRAM WODEHOUSE CURRIE, Esq.
JULIUS DE REUTER, Esq.
SAMUEL MORLEY, Esq.
WILLIAM GEORGE PEDDER, Esq.
JOHN PENDER, Esq.
Also
H.H. The NizAM OF HYDERABAD.
H.H. The MAHARAJAH (GAEKWAR) OF BARODA.
H.H. The MAHARAJAH OF MysorRE, G.C.S.I.
H.H. The BEGuM OF BHOPAL, G.C.S.I.
H.H. The MAHARAJAH SCINDIA OF GWALIOR, G.C.B., G.C.S.I. C.i.E.
H.H. The MAHARAJAH HOLKAR OF INDORE, G.C.S.I., C.1.E.
H.H. The MAHARAJAH OF OUDIPORE.
H.H. The MAHARAJAH OF TRAVANCORE, G.C.S.I,
H.H. The NAWAB OF BAHAWULPORE, G.C.S.I.
H.H. The MAHARAJAH OF JEYPORE.
H.H. The MAHARAJAH OF JODHPORE, G.C.S.I.
H.H. The MAHARAJAH OF PATIALA,
H.H. The MAHARAJAH OF BENARES, G.C.S.I.
H.H. The THAKUR SAHIB OF BHOWNUGGER, G.C.S.I.
The MAHARAJAH OF VIZIANAGRAM,

SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL COMMISSION,
Sir PHILIP CUNLIFFE-OWEN, K.C.M.G., C.B., C.I.E.

ASSISTANT SECRETARIES TO THE ROYAL COMMISSION.

EDWARD CUNLIFFE-OWEN, Esq., B.A,
J. R. RoYLE, Esq, (for India).

HONORARY COUNSEL TO THE ROYAL COMMISSION,
Sir RICHARD WEBSTER, Q.C., M.P.

AUDITORS.

Messrs. LOVELOCK & WHIFFIN, Chartered Accountants,
19, Coleman Street, E.C.

COMMITTEES TO THE ROYAL
COMMISSION

APPOINTED BY H.R.H. THE EXECUTIVE PRESIDENT.

FINANCE COMMITTEE.

Sir JoHN ROsE, Bart., G.C.M.G., Chairman.

Sir GEORGE C. M. BrRDwoop, C.S.I.

Sir EDWARD BIRKBECK, Bart., M.P.

The Hon. Sir ASHLEY EDEN, K.C.S.I., C.LE.

Sir BARROW HELBERT ELLIS, K.C.S.I.

A. W. GADESDEN, Esq.

E. W. HAMILTON, Esq., C.B.°

Sir HENRY THURSTAN HOLLAND, Bart., G.C.M.G., M.P.
The Right Hon, Sir LYON PLAyralR, K.C.B., M.P., F.R.S.
Sir WILLIAM CHARLES SARGEAUNT. K.C.M.G.

LIGHTING COMMITTEE.

Sir FREDERICK ABEL, C.B., D.C.L,, F.R.S., Chairman,
Colonel Sir FRANCIS BOLTON.
W. H. PREECE, Esq., F.R.S.

RECEPTION COMMITTEE.

The DUKE OF ABERCORN, C.B., Chairman of Committee.

The EARL OF CADOGAN, Vice-Chairman of Committee.

The MARQUIS OF LORNE, K.T., G.C.M.G., Vice-Chairman of Committee.

The DUKE OF MANCHESTER, K.P., Chairman of the Colonial Sub.
Committee.

The Right Hon. The LorD Mayor or LONDON.

Sir DANIEL COOPER, Bart., K.C.M.G.

Sir CHARLES TUPPER, G.C.M.G., C.B.

x Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

RECEPTION COMMITTEE—continued.

Sir THOMAS BRASSEY, K.C.B., M.P.
General Sir EDWARD SELBY SMYTH, K.C.M.G,
Sir CHARLES HUTTON-GREGORY, K.C.M.G,
Sir JOHN COODE.
ARTHUR Hopcsown, Esq., C.M.G.
SAMUEL MORLEY, Esq.
Field-Marshal LoRD NAPIER OF MAGDALA, G.C.B., G.C.S.I., Chairman
of Indian Sub-Committee.

Sir JAMES FERGUSSON, Bart., G.C.S.1., K.C.M.G.
Major-General Sir PETER LUMSDEN, G.C.B., C.S.I.
Major-General Sir HENRY RAWLINSON, K.C.B.
Major-General Sir RICHARD POLLOCK, K.C.S.I.
Lieutenant-General Sir CHARLES BROWNLOW, K.C.B.
Lieutenant-General Sir HENRY DALY, K.C.B.
Lieutenant-General Sir SAMUEL BROWNE, K.C.B., K.C.S.I., V.C,
Licutenant-General Sir HARRY LUMSDEN, K.C.S.I., C.B.
Sir BARROW ELLIS, K.C.S.I.
Colonel Sir OWEN TUDOR BuRNE, K.C.S.I., C.I.E.
Sir GEORGE BiRDWOOD, C.S.I., M.D.

GENERAL SECRETARY.
ARTHUR Hopocson, Esq., C.M.G.

SECRETARIES.

Lieutenant-General HENRY K. BURNE, C.B.
H. TRUEMAN WoobD, Esq., M.A,

CONFERENCE COMMITTEE,

The DUKE OF MANCHESTER, K.P., Chairman of the Council of the
Colonial Institute; Chairman.

Sir FREDERICK ABEL, C.B., D.C.L., F.R.S., Chairman of the Council of the
Society of Arts, Vice-Chairman. :

The Hon. Sir. C. Tupper, G.C.M.G., C.B., Executive Commissioner for the
Dominion of Canada.

Sir ALEXANDER STUART, K.C.M.G., Executive Commissioner for New
South Wales.

JosEPH Bosisto, Esq., J.P., President of thé Victorian Commission.

Sir A. BLYTH, K.C.M.G., Executive Commissioner for South Australia,

Colonial Commissions. xi

CONFERENCE COMMITTEE—continued.

The Hon. J. F. GARRICK, C.M.G,, Q,C,, Executive Commissioner for
Queensland.

The Hon. MALCOLM FRASER, C.M.G., Executive Commissioner for Western
Australia.

Sir F. D. BELL, K.C.M.G., Executive Commissioner for New Zealand.

The Hon. JAMEs E. Mason, M.L.C., Executive Commissioner for Fiji.

Sir C. MILLs, K.C.M.G., Executive Commissioner for the Cape of Good Hope.

Sir W. C. SARGEAUNT, K.C.M.G., Executive Commissioner for Nat: 1.

Lieutenant-Colonel EDMUND PALMER, Executive Commissioner for St.
Helena.

A. N. BIRCH, Esq., C.M.G., Executive Commissioner for Ceylon.

J. A. DESPEISSIS, Esq., Executive Commissioner for Mauritius.

F. A. SWETTENHAM, Esq., Executive Commissioner for the Straits
Settlements.

Sir R. ALCOCK, K.C.B., Executive Commissioner for British North Borneo,

ALFRED DENT, Esq., Executive Commissioner for British North Borneo.

WILLIAM KIDNER, Esq., F.R.I.B.A., Executive Commissioner for British
North Borneo,

G. H. HAWTAYNE, Esq., Executive Commissioner for British Guiana.

B. H. JONES, Esq., Executive Commissioner for British Guiana.

A. J. ADDERLEY, Esq., C.M.G., Executive Commissioner for the West Indies.

Sir JAMES MARSHALL, Executive Commissioner for the West African Colonies,

Sir V. HOULTON, G.C.M.G., Executive Commissioner for Malta,

HAMILTON LANG, Esq., Executive Commissioner for Cyprus,

H, TRUEMAN WOOD, Esq,, M.A., Secretary of the Society of Arts, Secretary,

INDIAN TEA COMMITTEE,

General KEATINGE, V.C., C.S.I., Chairman.
Sir PHILIP CUNLIFFE-OWEN, K.C.M.G.,, C.B.
A. B. INGLIs, Esq.

GEORGE SETON, Esq.

A. THOMPSON, Esq.

J. BERRY WHITE, Esq.

HENRY S. KING, Esq., M.P.

ERNEST TYE, Esq.

xii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.
EL LLL LLL CL CC ttt —

INDIAN COFFEE COMMITTEE.

FREDERICK CLIFFORD, Esq., Chairman.

Sir PHILIP CUNLIFFE-OWEN, K.C.M.G., C.B.
F. G. ARBUTHNOT, Esq.

R. D, BUCHANAN, Esq.

M. MACKENZIE, Esq,

H. PASsTEurR, Esq.

JAMES WHITTALL, Esq.

W. MAXWELL Maynarp, Esq.

Henry S, KING, Esa., M.P,

CEYLON TEA AND COFFEE COMMITTEE.

A. N. Bircu, Esq., C.M.G., Chairman.

Sir PHILIP CUNLIFFE-OWEN, K.C.M.G., C.B,
T. J. WHITE, Esq.

W. M. LEAKE, Esq.

_ H. WHITHAM, Esq.

J. G. SMITHER, Esq. F.R.1.B.A.

A. ASHMORE, Esq.

HENRY S. KING, Esq., M.P:

Executive Staff.

Gxeevtibe Stuff to the Royal Commission.

SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL COMMISSION.

SIR PHILIP CUNLIFFE-OWEN, K.C.M.G., C.B., C.LE.

cretarial Department.

ASSISTANT SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL is Epwarp Cun.irre-OwWEN.

COMMISSION .- P é : :

CHIEF ASSISTANT , i a > FRANK CUNDALL.
C, JOHNSON.

ASSISTANTS ° ° ‘ CAPTAIN GREY.
Es H. Lioyp.

‘ i NoORTHCOTT.

CLERICAL ASSISTANTS é “ 5 PAUL.

. D. ADCOCK.

intendence Depariment.
CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT , F ; G. Gorpon HAKE.

Goons SUPERINTENDENTS. . . { J. OWEN.

E. L. Box.
Ree erEnent OF PIcTURE GAL- ne A. MASKELL.
e e s e e
SUPERINTENDENT OF *‘OLD LONDON” T. WINTER.

SUPERINTENDENT OF ENTRANCES . J. D. Dick.

lectric Light and Engineer's Department.

ENGINEER. ° ° . ° » J. H. Cunpatt.
TECHNICAL ASSISTANT ‘ P i G. SCHULTz.

usic and Refreshments.
SUPERINTENDENT * Pi .
ASSISTANT. . ‘ ; .

. J. RicitarDs.
J. HEDLEY.

‘atalogue Depariment.
ASSISTANT e e < ° ‘ H. TRENDELL,

uildings Department,
SURVEYOR AND DiIREcTOoR of Work3 WILson BENNISON,’
ASSISTANT SURVEYOR q + « J. Gipson,

xiv Executive Staff

- Finance Department.
ACCOUNTANT . . ° ° . G. ¥. Dickie.
ASSISTANT ACCOUNTANT . ° ° E, J. P. Esss.

Official Agency.
City AND OFFICIAL AGENT . - J. R. Somers Vine, f.S.S.
CHIEF ASSISTANT . . . . J. H. Kew.

INDIAN SECTION
THE SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL COMMISSION.

ASSISTANT SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL
COMMISSION AND OFFICIAL AGENT j. R. Rove.
TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA .

SUPERINTENDENT OF Economic Court Dr. G. Watt, M.B., C.M,, F.L.S,
CuHlEF ASSISTANT TO Mr. ROYLE : B. PLUCKNETT.

} T. N. MuKHARJI.
F B. A. GUPTE.

W. D. FREETH.
D. S. Henry. °
A. E, KEMPLEN. ,
GENERAL ASSIS'T ANTS a é ° C. E. Lacey.
E. H. Luoyp.
W. G. MATCHWICK,
J. SEDMAN,
f C. SAWYER.

ASSISTANTS TO Dr. WATT. ‘i

COMMISSIONS

APPOINTED BY THE COLONIAL GOVERNMENTS.

I. THE DOMINION OF CANADA:

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
PRESIDENT.
The MARQUESS OF LORNE, K.T., G.C.M.G., Rayal Commissioner.
VICE-PRESIDENT.

The Viscount MONcK; G.C.M.G.

EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
The Hon. Sir CHARLES TUPPER, G.C.M.G:, C.B.; High

Commissioner for Canada in London, Roya? Commissioner.
(9, Victoria Chambers, S.W.)

HONORARY COMMISSIONERS,
The Members of the Government 6f the Dominion who may be in London
during the Exhibition :—
The Hon. HECTOR FABRE,
YOINT SECRETARIES,
FREDERIC J. S. DORE, Esq.
THOMAS Cross, Esq.

C. C. CHIPMAN, Esa,

ACCOUNTANT.

‘Il NEW SOUTH WALES.

COMMISSION IN LONDON;

. PRESIDENT.
The Right Hoh. The Earn oF RoseBERY, Royal Commissioner.
VICB-PRESIDENT,

Sir DANIEL CoopER, Bart, K.C.M.Gi, Royal Commissioner,

EXECUTIVE COMMISSION;
Sir ALEXANDER STUART, K.G.M.G,

Xvi Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

II. NEW SOUTH WALES—continued.

COMMISSION IN LONDON,
MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.

The Hon. Robert P. Apgort, J.P. M.L.C,

THOMAS K. ABBOTT, Esq,, J.F.

FREDERICK CLISSOLD, Esq., J.P.

NEVILLE D. COHEN, Esq.

EDWARD COMBES, Esq., C.M.G., J.P. M.P.

NATHANIEL Cork, Esq.

FREDERICK H. DANGAR, Esq

SIGMUND HOFFNUNG, Esq.

The Hon. EDWARD KNox, J.P., M.L.C.

The Hon. SiR SAUL SAMUEL, K.C.M.G., Agent-General for the Colony of
New South Wales, Royal Commissioner.

Sir FRANCIS TURVILLE, K.C.M.G.

The Hon. JOHN B. Watt, M.L.C.

GEORGE ALFRED LLoyD, Esq.

GEORGE RUSSELL, Esq., of the Hoe House, the Hoe, Plymouth, England.

| , SECRETARY,
Captain Lorrus.

COMMISSION IN SYDNEY.

PRESIDENT.
The Hon. Sir JAMES MARTIN, Knt., Chief Justice.

VICE-PRESIDENTS.

The Hon. Sir ALFRED STEPHEN, G.C.M.G., C.B., M.L.C.

The Hon. Sir JoHN Hay, K.C.M.G., Priekldunt of the Legislative
Council.

The Hon. EDMUND Barton, Speaker of the Legislative Assembly.

The Hon: Sir JoHN ROBERTSON, K.C.M. G., M.P.

Sir PATRICK ALFRED JENNINGS, K.C.M.G., J.P., M.P.

EDWARD COMBES, Esq., C.M.G., J.P., M.P.

Sir EDWARD STRICKLAND, K.C.B.

Colonial Commissions. Xvii

I). NEW SOUTH WALES—continued,

COMMISSION IN SYDNEY.

EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER,
SIR PATRICK ALFRED JENNINGS, K.C.M.G., J.P., M.P.

MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.
ROBERT DUDLEY ADAMS, Esq.
JAMES BARNET, Esq., Colonial Architect.
RUSSELL BARTON, Esq., M.P.
ALFRED BENNETT, Esq.
JAMES NIXON BRUNKER, Esq,, J.P., M.P.
JOHN FITZGERALD Burns, Esq,., J.P., M.P.
MICHAEL CHAPMAN, Esq,., J.P., M.P.
HENRY CLARKE, Esq,, J.P., M.P.
WILLIAM CLARKE, Esq., M.P.
The Hon. Henry E. COHEN, M.P., Minister of Justice.
AMES R. FAIRFAX, Esq.
DMUND FosseErY, Esq., J.P., Inspector-General of Police.
REDERICK A, FRANKLIN, Esq,, J.P., C.E.
LFRED R, FREMLIN, Esq. M.P.
OHN HARDIE, Esq,, J.P.
HARLES HAYES, Esq., Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce.
OBERT G. HIGGINS, Esq,, J.P.
REDERICK T. HUMPHERY, Esq,, J.P., M.P.
ILLIAM A, HUTCHINSON, Esq,, J.P.
he Hon. A. H. Jacos, J.P., M.L.C.
ICHARD JONES, jun., Esq.
he Hon. PHILIP G. KING, J.P., M.L.C,
ENJAMIN W, LEvy, Esq.
THOMAS LITTLEJOHN, Esq., President of the Chamber of Commerce.
RCHIBALD LIVERSIDGE, Esq., F.R.S., Professor of Chemistry in the
University of Sydney.
he Hon. WILLIAM MACLEAy, J.P., M.L.C.
ILLIAM M‘MILLAN, Esq.
DavID MARKS, Esq,, J.P.
GEORGE MERRIMAN, Esq,, J.P., M.P.
E. L. MONTEFIORE, Esq,, J.P.
CHARLES Moore, Esq., F.L.S., Director of the Botanic Gardens.
UGUSTUS MORRIS, Esq.

xviii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

II. NEW SOUTH, WALES—continued,

COMMISSION IN SYDNEY.

MEMBERS OF COMMISSION—continned.
The Hon. HENRY Mort, J.P., M.L.C,

HENRY MOSES, Esq., J.P., M.P.

WILLIAM G. MuRRAY, Esq.

Louis PHILLIPS, Esq,, J.P.

ROBERT M. PITT, Esq.

THOMAS PLAYFAIR, Esq., J.P., Mayor of Sydney.

JOHN PoPE, Esq,, J.P.

JOHN M. PuRVEs, Esq., M.P

EDWARD QUIN, Esq., M.P.

CHARLES J. ROBERTS, Esq., C.M.G., J.P., M.P.

JOHN SEE, Esq., J.P., M.P.

THOMAS SLATTERY, Esq., M.P.

ROBERT B. SMITH, Esq, J.P., M.P.

CHARLES F. STOKES, Esq,, J.P.

The Hon. GEORGE THORNTON, J.P., M.L.C.

The Hon. WILLIAM J. TRICKETT, M.P., Minister of Publi¢ Instruction.

WALTER H. VIVIAN, Esq,., J.P.

JOHN WALSH, Esq.

RICHARD C. C. WALKER, Esq., J.P.,; Principal Under-Secretary.

The Hon. JAMES WHITE, J.P., M.L.C.

RosBERT H. D. WHITE, Esq., J.P., M.P.

CHARLES S. WILKINSON, Esq., F.G.S., F.L.S., Geological Surveyor.

HARRIE WOOD, Esq,, J.P., Under-Secretary for Mines.

EDMUND B. WOODHOUSE, Esq, J.P.

The Hon. FRANCIS A. WRIGHT, J.P., M.P., Secretary for Public Works.

JOHN YOUNG, Esq., J.P.

JOSEPH ABBOTT, Esq.

PuiLip F. ADAMS, Esq., Surveyor-General.

The Hon. GEOFFREY EAGAR, Under-Secretary for Finance and Trade.

WILLIAM J. LyNE, Esq., M.P.

CHARLES K. MACKELLAR, Esq., A.M., M.B., C.M., Medical Adviser to the
Government.

JOHN MACKENZIE, Esq., F.G.S., Government Examiner of Coal Fields.

Epwarp P. Ramsay, Esq., F.L.S., F.G.S., Curator of the Australian
Museum.

HENRY C. RUSSELL, Esq., B.A., F.R.A.S., Government Astronomer.

ROBERT B. WILKINSON, Esq., M.P.

SECRETARY,
ALEX. CUMMING, Esg,

Colonial Commissions. xix

Ills VICTORIA.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
BXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
THE HON. GRAHAM BERRY, Agent-General for Victoria.
(8; Victoria Chambers, Victoria Street, S.W.)
PRESIDENT O# THE VICTORIAN COMMISSION.
JosePH BosistTo, Esq,, J.P.

SHCRETARY.
JAMES THOMSON, Esq,

COMMISSION IN MELBOURNE,

PRESIDENT.
Josupu Bosisto, Esq., M.P., J.P.

MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.

The Hon, THOMAS BENT, M.P., J.P.

The Hon, JOHN Woops, M.P.

The Hon, PHILLIP RussELL, M.L,.C., President of the Ballarat Agricultural
and Pastoral Association,

The Hon. JoHN A. WALLACE, M.L.C,

THOMPSON Moork, Esq., M.P., J.P.

JOHN MCINTYRE, Esq., M.P., J.P.

JOHN Nimmo, Esq, M.P.,, J.P.

CHARLES SMITH, Esq., M.P., J.P.

ALEXANDER YOUNG, Esq., M.P., J.P.

GODFREY D, CARTER, Esq., J.P., Mayor of Melbourne,

ANDREW PLUMMER, Esq., M.D., J.P., President of the National Agricul-
tural Society.

Joun Biytu, Esq., J.P., President of the Melbourne Chamber of Commerce.

ROBERT CALDWELL, Esq., President of the Chamber of Manufactures,

Harry U. ALCOCK, Esq,, J.P.

WILLIAM GLOVER, Esq.,. J.P.

DAVID MITCHELL, Esq., J.P.

ANDREW Rowav, Esq,, ,.P.

WILLIAM _K. THOMSON, Esq., J.P.

HENRY Byrrows, Esq.

JENKIN COLLIER, Esq.

Joun B. Wuitty,, Esq.

PETER B. WALLACE, Esq., M.P,

HENRY BELL, Esq.

GEORGE F. Morris, Esq. ;

SECRETARY,
James THoMson, Esq. b2

XX Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

IV. SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
Sir ARTHUR BLYTH, K.C.M.G., Agent-General for South
Australia, Royal Commissioner,
(8, Victoria Chambers, Victoria Street, S.W.)
ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
Sir SAMUEL DAVENPORT.

SECRETARY.
JOHN PULKER, Esq.

HONORARY COMMISSIONERS.
JACOB MONTEFIORE, Esq.

THOMAS KING, Esq.

H. B. T. STRANGWays, Esq.

The Hon. RICHARD CHAFFEY BAKER, M.L.C.
The Hon. ALEXANDER Hay, M.L.C.

COMMISSION IN ADELAIDE.
PRESIDENT.
His Excellency Sir WILLIAM C. F. ROBINSON, K.C.M.G., Governor of the
Colony of South Australia.

MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.
The Hon. JOHN COLTON, M.P.
The Hon. RICHARD C. BAKER, M.L.C.
The Hon. Sir HENRY AYERS, K.C.M.G., President of the Legislative
Council.
The Hon, ROBERT D. Ross, M.P., Speaker of the House of Assembly.
The Hon. JOHN WM. DOWNER, Q.C., M.P., Attorney-General.
The Eon. JoHN A, COCKBURN, M.D., M.P., Minister of Education.
Sir THoMas ELDER, Knt.
Sir SAMUEL DAVENPORT, Knt., Fresident of the Chamber of Manufactures,
EDWIN THOMAS SMITH, Esq., M.P.
WILLIAM BUNDEY, Esq., J.P., Mayor of Adelaide.

JOHN WILLIAM COLTON, Esq., J.P., Chairman of the Chamber of
Commerce. ©

JoHN HowaRD ANGAS, Esq., J.P.

Huco C. E. MUECKE, Esq., J.P., Consul for the German Empire.

THOMAS HARDY, Esq.

WILLIAM COPLEY, Esq., M.P., President of the Farmers’ Association,
SECRETARY.

JOHN FAIRFAX CONIGRAVE, Esq,

Colonial Commissions. xxi
V. QUEENSLAND.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
The Hon, JAMES FRANCIS GARRICK, C.M.G., Q.C., Agent-
General for Queensland, Royal Commissioner.

HONORARY COMMISSIONERS.
Sir JAMES COCKLE.

WILLIAM HEMMANT, Esq.
The Hon. WILLIAM HENRY WALSH, M.L.C.

ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER IN CHARGE OF NEW GUINEA EXHIBITS.
HuGuH RoMILLY, Esq.

HONORARY SECRETARY.
CHARLES S. DICKEN, Esq.

COMMISSION IN BRISBANE.
MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.
The Hon. A. C. GREGORY, C.M.G., &c.
PATRICK R. GORDON, Esq.
JOHN FENWICK, Esq.
JAMES TOLSON, Esq.
CHARLES M. DE Vis, Esq., M.A.
F. M. BAILEY, Esq., F.L.S.
GEORGE GRIMES, Esq.
OHN LITTLE, Esq.

YOINT HONORARY SECRETARIES.
OHN FENWICK, Esq.

P. R. Gorpon, Esq.

VI. WESTERN AUSTRALIA.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
The Hon. MALCOLM FRASER, C.M.G,

ASSISTANT TO THE EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER,
ALPIN FOWLER THOMSON, Esq.

COMMISSION AT PERTH.
ALEXANDER C. ONSLOW, Esq,, Chief Justice.
The Hon, MALCOLM FRASER, C.M.G., Colonial Secretary.
The Hon. ALFRED P. HENSMAN, Attorney-General.

Xxii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

VI. WESTERN AUSTRALIA— continued.

COMMISSION AT PERTH.

MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.

The Hon. ANTHONY O’GRapDy LEFRoy, C.M.G,, J.P., Colonial atte

The Hon. JOHN FORREST, C.M.G., J.P., Surveyor-General and Commissioner
of Crown Lands.

The Hon. J. A. WRIGHT, M.Inst.C.E., Engineer in Chief, Director of
Public Works and Commissioner of Railways.

The Hon. CLAYTON T. MASON, J.P., C.E,

Sir LUKE SAMUEL LEAKE, Knt., M.L.C., J.P.

STEPHEN H. PARKER, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, M.L.C.

WILLIAM E. MARMION, Esq., M.L.C., J.P.

WILLIAM S. PEARSE, Esq., M.L.C., J.P.

SAMUEL MITCHELL, Esq., M.L.C., J.P.

CHARLES HARPER, Esq., M.L.C., J.P.

GEORGE SHENTON, Esq., M.L.C., J.P.

HENRY BROCKMAN, Esq., M.L.C., J.P.

CHARLES CROWTHER, Esq., M.L.C., J.P.

Davip A. HAy, Esq., M.L.C.

GEORGE LAYMAN, Esq., M.L.C.

Sir THoMAsS COCKBURN CAMPBELL, Bart., M.L.C., J.P.

SEPTIMUS BuRT, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, M.L.C.

MAITLAND BROWN, Esq., M.L.C., J.P.

ALEXANDER J. MCRAE, Esq., M.L.C.

MCKENZIE GRANT, Esq., M.L.C,

GEORGE B. PHILLIPS, Esq., J.P., Assistant Colonial Seerctary.

ALFRED R. WAYLEN, Esq., M.D., J.P., Colonial Surgeon.

Henry C. BARNETT, Esq., M.R.C.S. Eng,, J.P.; Colonial Surgeon, Fremantle.

His Worship GEORGE RANDELL, Mayor of the City of Perth.

His Worship BARRINGTON C. Woop, Mayor of Fremantle,

Rey. CHARLES G. NICOLAY, Clerk in Holy Orders, Curator of the
Fremantle Museum.

PETER A. GUGERI, Esq,, J.P.

WILLIAM T. LoTON, Esq., J.P.

JAMES Morrison, Esq,, J.P.

M. C, DaviEs, Esq.

Colonial Commissions. xxiii

VII. NEW ZEALAND.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
Sir FRANCIS DILLON BELL, K.C.M.G., Agent-General for
New Zealand, Royal Commissioner.
(7, Westminster Chambers, S.W.)
COMMISSIONER IN CHARGE OF EXHIBITS.
Dr. JULIUS VON HAAST, C.M.G,
SECRETARY.
P. L. SIMMONDS, Esq.
MEMBERS OF COMMISSION IN LONDON.
Sir FRANCIS DILLON BELL, K.C.M.G., Royal Commissioner, President.
The MARQUIS OF NORMANBY, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., Royal Commissioner.
The Right Hon. Sir JAMES FERGUSSON, Bart., K.C.M.G., C.I.E., Roya
Commisstoner.
Sir THOMAS GORE BROWNE, K.C.M.G., C.B.
Sir PENROSE GOODCHILD JULYAN, K.C.M.G.,, C.B.
Sir EDWARD WILLIAM STAFFORD, K,C.M.G.
Sir JOHN HALL, K.C.M.G,
Sir CHARLES CLIFFORD.
GEORGE MARSDEN WATERHOUSE, Esq., M.L.C.
THOMAS RUSSELL, Esq., C.M.G.
WILLIAM GISBORNE, Esq.
ALFRED DoMETT, Esq., C.M.G.
ROBER: PHARAZYN, Esq., M.L.C.
WALTER L. BULLER, Esq., C.M.G.
WILLIAM P. CowLIsHAw, Esq.
FREDERICK G. DALGETY, Esq.
WOLF HARRIS, Esq.
FALCONER LARKWORTHY, Esq.
DONALD LARNACH, Esq. |
ROBERT C. REID, Esq.
JOHN Ross, Esq.
WALTER KENNAWAY, Esq.
NATHANIEL W. LEvIN, Esq.
_ FREDERICK W. PENNEFATHER, Esq.
BENJAMIN PETERSEN, Esq.
JOHN MACFARLANE RITCHIE, Esq.
GEORGE GRAY RUSSELL, Esq.
FREDERIC YOUNG, Esq.

XXiv Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

VIII, FIJI.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
The Hon. JAMES E. MASON, M.L.C,
HONORARY COMMISSIONERS.
VicTOR A. WILLIAMSON, Esq., C.M.G.
A. J. MALCOLM, Esq.
CHARLES BETHELL, Esq.
A. J. L. GORDON, Esq., C.M.G.
The Hon. H. G, C. EMBERSON.
AGENTS.
THE NEW ZEALAND LOAN AND MERCANTILE AGENCY COMPANY,
LIMITED.

COMMISSION AT SUVA.
PRESIDENT.
The Hon. JOHN BATES THURSTON, C.M.G., Administrator of the Govern-

ment.
“GENERAL COMMITTEE.

The Members of the Legislative Council.
The Stipendiary Magistrates.
ROBERT ROBERTSON, Esq.
P. S. SOLOMON, Esq.

WM. KOPSEN, Esq.

J. HENDRIE, Esq.
ALEXANDER B. JOSKE, Esq.
P. T. J. PARFITT, Esq.

W. T. STURT, Esq.

JOHN H. MARRINON, Esq.
B. G. BESSE, Esq.

C. D. CUTHBERT, Esq.

S. L. LAZARUS, Esq.

C. A. Huon, Esq.

W. SALMON, Esq.

N. CHALMERS, Esq.

R. B. LEEFE, Esq.

S. A. St. JOHN, Esq.

— CAMPBELL, Esq.

JOHN HARRIS, Esq.

CHAS. W. BUCKNELL, Esq.
R. L. HOLMES, Esq.

T. BURNESS, Esq.

J. N. RANDALL, Esq.

Colonial Commissions.

XXV

VIII. FIdI—continued.
COMMISSION AT SUVA.

GENERAL COMMITTEE=continned.
W. CHAPMAN, Esq.

C. ELuIs, Esq.

F. H. Durty, Esq.

F. SPENCE, Esq.

JAMES TURNER, Esq.
— KOESTER, Esq.

J. P. STORCK, Esq.
GEORGE Moorg, Esq.
JOHN FOWLER, Esq.
Wo. MuNE, Esq.

H, TUCKER, Esq.

H. T. WARING, Esq.

J. WILSON, Esq:

JAMES M. Borrow, Esq.
J. M. LENNOX, Esq.

D. WILKINSON, Esq.
DONALD R. SMITH, Esq.
Lieut. LANGDALE.

W. M. Moors, Esq.
JAMES MCCONNEL, Esq.
WALTER HUNTER, Esq.
HENRY REEVE, Esq.

} Captain MOSELEY.
LESLIE J. WALKER, Esq.
| JoHN LaNGForD, Esq.
A. W. Durty, Esq.

T. BLAKELOCK, Esq.

A. H. SIMPSON, Esq.
W. HENNINGS, Esq.

R. MILNE, Esq.

H. EASTGATE, Esq.

R. L. CONACHER, Esq,
F, W. WITHAM, Esq.
W. FILLINGHAM Park, Esq,
F. P. BLACKMORE, Esq.
JAMES PALMER, Esq.

C. W. DRuRY, Esq.

P. HOERDER, Esq,

C. F. SMALL, Esq.

xxvi Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

circa i ee EC RS

VIII. FIld1]—continued,

COMMISSION AT SUVA.
MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE—continued,
WILLIAM LEDINGHAM, Esq.
Rev. A. J. WEBB.
G. L. GRIFFITHS, Esq.
T. H. PRICHARD, Esq.
GEORGE SMITH, Esq.

SECRETARY.
The Hon. WILLIAM MCGREGOR, M.D., C.M.G., Acting Colonial Seeretary
of the Colony.

DISTRICT COMMITTEES.
(All District Committees are appointed with power to add to their number.)

Levuka and Lomaiviti.
GEORGE SMITH, Esq., Convener and Chairman.
F. W. WITHAM, Esq.

Lieut. LANGDALE.
Vanualevu.

Hon. Captain BARRACK, Convener and Chairman.
R. L. HOLMES, Esq.
D. WILKINSON, Esq.

Wo. GRABURN, Esq,
Taviuni.

The Hon. JAMES E. Mason, Convener and Chairman.
‘W. M. Moore, Esq.
JAMES MCCONNEL, Esq.

W. HUNTER, Esq.
Lau.

J. M. Borron, Esq., Convener and Chairman.
J. M. Lennox, Esq.
C, HENNINGS, Esq.
Ba, Ra, Rakiraki and Nadi.
N. CHALMERS, Esq., Convener and Chairman.
R. B, LEEFE, Esq.
— CAMPBELL, Esq.
R. F. HARRIS, Esq.
S. A. ST. JOHN, Esq.

Wavua, Serua and Nadroga.
. Hon. JAMES MurRRAY, Convener and Chairman.

T. LAURIE, Esq.

JAMES WILSON, Esq.

Colonial Commiéssions. XXVvii

VIII. FIdI1— continued.

DISTRICT COMMITTEES—coutinued.
Rewa and Tai Levu.
Hon. JAMES ROBERTSON, Convener and Chairman,
Rev. F. LANGHAM.
W. MUNE, Esq.
J. P. StoRCK, Esq.

IX. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
, EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
Sir CHARLES MILLS, K.C.M.G., Royal Commissioner.

(7, Albert Mansions, S.W.)
SECRETARY,

SYDNEY COWPER, Esq.
COMMITTEE.

Sir CHARLES MILLS, K.C.M.G., Chairman, Royal Commissioner.
HENRY MOSENTHAL, Esq.
THOMAS BELL, Esq.

JOHN S. PRINCE, Esq.
WILLIAM Dunn, Esq.
WILLIAM F. SAVAGE, Esq.
R. RYALL, Esq.

J. M. PEACOCK, Esq.
WILLIAM G. SOPER, Esq.
ADRIAN VAN DER BYL, Esq.
J. O. BoRRODAILE, Esq.

S. OcuHs, Esq.

W. J. ANDERSON, Esq.
JAMES ANSDELL, Esq.
HENRY COLLISON, Esq.
ROBERT WHITE, Esq.
SYDNEY COWPER, Esq.

COMMISSION AT CAPE TOWN.
CENTRAL COMMITTEE.
The Hon. J. G. SpRicG, M.L.A., Chairman.

The Hon, F. SCHERMBRUCKER, M.L.C.
The Hon. JOHN MILLER, M.L.C.

The Hon. P. L. VAN DER BYL, M.L.C.
The Hon. J. X. MERRIMAN, M.L.A,
The Hon. H. W. PEARSON, M.L.A.
The Hon. J. H. HOFMEyr, M.L.A.

XXViii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

IX. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE—continued,

COMMISSION AT CAPE TOWN.
CENTRAL COMMITTEE—continued.
L. WIENER, Esq., M.L.A.
L. VINTCENT, Esq., M.L.A.
C. T. JONES, Esq., M.L.A.
P. J. STIGANT, Esq., M.L.A.
C. D. Rupp, Esq., M.L.A.
JouNn Frost, Esq., C.M.G., M.L.A.
W. SEARLE, Esq.
M. J. DE VILLIERS, Esq.
P. D. HAHN, Esq., Ph.D.
S. CRON-WRIGHT, Esq.
W. SAVAGE, Esq.
Jacos DuckITT, Esq.
Baron VON BABO.
THOMAS CROWE, Esq.
G. WHITAKER, Esq.
J. H. vAN Ryn, Esq. i
P. MARAIS, Esq.

R. E. WALLACE, Esq.
SECRETARY.
SYDNEY COWPER, Esq.

SUB-COMMITTEES.
I. Local Managing Committee.
The Hon. J. G. SpricG, M.L.A., Chairman.
The Hon. F. SCHERMBRUCKER, M.L.C.
The Hon, J. X. MERRIMAN, M.L.A.
The Hon. J. H. HOFMEYR, M.L.A.
L: WIENER, Esq., M.L.A.
W. SEARLE, Esq.
SYDNEY COWPER, Esq., Secretary.

II. Finance Committee.
The Hon. J. G. SpRiGG, M.L.A., Chairman.
W. SEARLE, Esq.
L. WIENER, Esq., M.L.A.
SYDNEY COWPER, Esq., Secretary.

Ill. Sub-Committee for Wines, Spirits and Brandy,
L. WIENER, Esq., M.L.A., Chairman.
The Hon. P. L. VAN DER BYL, M.L.C.
Baron VON BABO.

Colonial . Commissions. xxix

IX. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE—continued.

COMMISSION AT CAPE TOWN.
SUB-COMMITTEES—continued.
III, Sub-Committee for Wines, ERE and Brandy—continued,
P. D. HAHN, Esq., Ph.D.
P, MARAIS, Esq.
J. ANDREWS, Esq.
P. C. LE Roux, Esq.
THOMAS CROWE, Esq,, Secretary.

IV. Sub-Committee for Woods and Vegetable Products other
than Cereals.

The Hon. F. SCHERMBRUCKER, M.L.C., Chairman,
The Hon. J. X. MERRIMAN, M.L.A,

P, J. STIGANT, Esq., M.L.A.

Comte DE VASSELOT DE REGNE.

C. G, AKERBERG, Esq.

A. G. ROBERTSON, Esq., M.L.A.

ALEXANDER VAN DER BYL, Esq.

Viscomte DE MONTMORT.

J. STORR-LISTER, Esq., Secretary.

V. Sub-Committee for Cereals and Tobacco.
L. VINTCENT, Esq., M.L.A., Chairman,
The Hon. JOHN MILLER, M.L.C,
JacoB DUCKITT, Esq.
M. J. DE VILLIERS, Esq.
H. STEPHAN, Esq.
J. W. ATWELL, Esq,
CHARLES BECKER, Esq.
A. H. STOCKDALE, Esq.

VI, Sub-Committee for Wool, Feathers, and Animal Products
L, VINTCENT, Esq., M.L.A., Chairman, ,
L. WIENER, Esq., M.L.A.
C. T, JONES, Esq., M.L.A.
JacoB DuCKITT, Esq.
C. J. MANUEL, Esq., M.L.A.
W. SAVAGE, Esq.
H. WILLMAN, Esq.
CARLE POPPE, Esq.

VIL, (A.) Sub-Committee for Minerals,
The Hon, F, SCHERMBRUCKER, M.L.C., Chairman.
The Hon, J. X. MERRIMAN, M.L.A,

XNX Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

IX. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE tontinued,

COMMISSION AT CAPE TOWN.
SUB-COMMITTEERS—contiined.
VIT. (A). Sub-Committee for Minerals—continued.
W. SEARLE, Esq.

P. D. HAHN, Esq., Ph.D.
THOMAS BAIN, Esq.
CHARLES CURREY, Esq., Secretary.

(B.) Kimberley Local Committee.
The Hon. W. Ross, M.L.C,
C, D, Rupp, Esq. M.L.A,
J. B. ROBINSON, Esq.
A. Davis, Esq.
F. BARING-GOULD, Esq.
J. NEUMANN, Esq.

VIII. Sub-Committee for Miscellaneous Subjects.
Davip GILL, Esq., LL.D., F.R.S., F.R.A.S., Chairman,
The Hon. J. G. SpRiGG, M.L.A.
The Hon. F. SCHERMBRUCKER, M.L.C,
The Hon. JOHN TUDHOPE, M.L.A.
The Hon. W. G. ATHERSTONE, M.D., M.L.C.
C. T. JONES, Esq., M.L.A.
W. SEARLE, Esq.
P. D. HAHN, Esq., Ph.D.
THOMAS CROWE, Esq.
J. G. GAMBLE, Esq. M.A, M.I.C.E,

Sub-Committee for Miscellaneous Subjects,
ABRAHAM DE SMIDT, Esq.
Tuomas BaIn, Esq,, C.E.
JoHN NOBLE, Esq.
J. M. BECK, Esq., M.B.
C. A. FAIRBRIDGE, Esq.
ROLAND TRIMEN, Esq, F.R.S., F.Z.S., F.L.S.
THos. E. FULLER, Esq., M.L.A.
E. J. DUNN, Esq.
W. HAMMOND TOOKE, Esq,, Secretary.
CORRESPONDING MEMBERS.
Rev. Dr. JAS. STEWART, Lovedale.
Major H. G. ELuioT, C.M.G. Umtata.
WALTER STANFORD, Esq,, Kokstad.
JoHN Scott, Esq., Kenhardt.

Colonial Commissions, | xxxi

IX, CAPE OF GOOD HOPE continued.

COMMISSION AT CAPE TOWN.
SECTIONAL SUB-COMMITTEES.

(A.) Zoological.
THOS. BAIN, Esq., C.E. ”

ROLAND TRIMEN, Esq., F.R.S., &c.
Rev. G. Fisk, C.M.Z.S.
W. HuME, Esq.
(B.) Ethnological.
A. DE. SMIDT, Esq.
JOHN NOBLE, Esq.
C. A, FAIRBRIDGE, Esq.
JouN Scott, Esq.
THos. BAIN, Esq.
WALTER STANFORD, Esq,
Major H. G. ELLIot, C.M.G.
Rev. Dr. STEWART.
Captain BLYTH, C.M.G.

(C.) Botanical.
H. Bo.us, Esq., F.L.S.

J. M. BECK, Esq., M.B,

THOS. BAIN, Esq.

The Hon. W. G, ATHERSTONE, M.D., M.L.C.
C. Lewis, Esq., M.L.A,

(D.) Fine Aris.
A. DE SMIDT, Esq.
J. A. FAIRBAIRN, Esq.
C. A, FAIRBRIDGE, Esq.
SYDNEY Cowper, Esq.

(Z.) Furniture.
W. SEARLE, Esq.
A. DE SMIDT, Esq,
A. DE SMIDT, Esq. Meat aah
SYDNEY Cowper, Esq.
H. A, EBDEN, Esq., M.D, acacia
G. H. B. Fisk, Esq., M.R.C.S.
C. L. HERMAN, Esq., M.B., M.C.
T. DouGtas, Esq., L.R.C.P. (Edin.)
J. BarrpD, Esq., M.D.

xxxii Colc:.ial and Indian Exhibition.

IX. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE—continued.

COMMISSION AT CAPE TOWN.
SECTIONAL SUB-COMMITTEES—continued,
(G.) Medical—continued.
H. W. SAUNDERS, Esq., M.B.

T. F. FALKINER, Esq., L.K.Q.P.C.I.

The Hon. W. G. ATHERSTONE, M.D., M.L.C.
T. J. BoTHA, Esq., M.B., M.C, (Paarl).

C, L. HERMAN, Esq., M.B., Secretary.

(71.) Wall Diagrams.
A. DE SMIDT, Esq.

J. G. GAMBLE, Esq., M.A,
SYDNEY COWPER, Esq.

X. NATAL.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.

Sir WILLIAM CHARLES SARGEAUNT, K.C.M.G., Royal
Commissioner.

(Offices of the Crown Agents for the Colonies, Downing Street, S.W.)
COMMITTEE OF ADVICE,
J. BLACKwooD, Esq.

A. Fass, Esq.

T. S. FLAcK, Esq.

T. W. GARLAND, Esq.
M. GREEN, Esq.

T. M. HARVEY, Esq.
P. HENWOOD, Esq.

R. J. MANN, Esq., M.D.
J. McALISTER, Esq.

J. PAYNE, Esq.

W. PEACE, Esq.

G. H. RENNIE, Esq,
D. TAYLOR, Esq.
DANIEL DE Pass, Esq.
GEORGE REID, Esq.

COMMISSION AT PIETERMARITZBURG.
PRESIDENT.
His Excellency Sir HENRY ERNEST BULWER, G.C.M.G., Governor of Natal.
COMMISSIONERS.
The Hon. Lieut.-Col. Sir CHARLES B. H. MITCHELL, R.M., K.C.M. no
Colonial Secretary, Chairman.

The Hon. HENRIQUE C. SHEPSTONE, Secretary for Native Affairs, 78

~

Colonial Commissions. xxxiii

—

Y inamnaatmentl

X. NATAL—~continued.

COMMISSION AT PIETERMARITZBURG.
: COMMISSIONERS—continued.
The Hon. Lieut.-Col. ALBERT H. HIME, R.E., Colonial Engineer,
General Sir JOHN J. Bisset, K.C.M.G., C.B.
Sir THEOPHILUS SHEPSTONE, K.C.M.G.
The Hon. JOHN W. AKERMAN, Speaker of the Legislative Council,
JOHN ROBINSON, Esq., M.L.C,
_ HENRY BINNS, Esq., M.L.C.
JAMES L. HULETT, Esq,, J.P., M.L.C.
EDWARD OWEN, Esq., Mayor of Pietermaritzburg.
RICHARD VAUSE, Esq,, J.P., Mayor of Durban.
Dr. P, C. SUTHERLAND, J.P., Surveyor-General.
GERARDUS M. RUDOLPH, Esq., C.M.G.
ASHE S. WINDHAM, Esq., M.A.
Col. JAMES H. BOWKER, F.R.G.S., F.Z.S,
GxORGE M. SUTTON, Esq., M.L.C,
JAMES SCHOFIELD, Esq,
Joun M. Woon, Esq.
DuNCAN MACCOLL, Esq,
PHILIP NORTON, Esq.
PeTRus A. R. OTTO, jun., Esq.
ALFRED CRAWFORD, Esq.
GEORGE TURNER, Esq,., J.P.
JOHN KIRKMAN, Esq,, J,P.

DISTRICT COMMISSIONERS.

Pietermaritzburg City,

Sir THEOPHILUS SHEPSTONE, K.C.M.G.
Sir C. MITCHELL
H. C. SHEPSTONE, Esq,
Lieut.-Col. HIME.
Dr. SUTHERLAND.
Mr. J. W. AKERMAN.
Mr. OWEN,
Mr, WINDHAM.

Durban Borough and Umlazi Division.
Colonel BowKER. J
Mr. ROBINSON. ‘
Mr. VAUSE.
Mr. MACCOLL.
Mr. Woop,

XXXIV Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

X. NATAL—continued.

DISTRICT COMMISSIONERS—continued, -
Upper Umkomanzi, Ixopo, and Ipolela.
Mr. SCHOFIELD (assisted by the City Commissioners),

Umgeni Division.
Mr. OTTO (assisted by the City Commissioners).

Lion’s River.
Mr. SUTTON (assisted by the City Commissioners),

Inanda Division.
Mr. BINNS.

Lower Tugela.
Mr. HULETT.

Umvoti.
Mr. NORTON,

Newcastle.
Mr. CRAWFORD.

Klip River County.
Mr. RUDOLPH.

Weenen County.
Mr. TURNER.

Alexandra County.
Mr. KIRKMA”:.

Alfred Count.
Sir J. BISSETT,

SECRETARY,
Mr, JAMES SCHOFIELD,

XI.—ST. HELENA.
With ASCENSION and TRISTAN D’ACUNHA.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.

Lieutenant-Colonel EDMUND PALMER, late Royal Artillery.

(4, Perham Road, West Kensington, S.W.)

ASSISTANT,
HENRY PALMER, Esq.

Colonial Commissions. XXXV

XII. CEYLON.

COMMISSION IN LONDON,
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER,

ARTHUR N. BIRCH, Esq., C.M.G.
(1, Old Burlington Street, W.)

HONORARY SECRETARY,
W. E. DAviDsoN, Esq., Ceylon Civil Service.

COMMISSION AT COLOMBO,
GENERAL COMMITTEE,

The Hon. Sir ARTHUR HAMILTON GorRDON, G.C.M.G., President.
The Hon. Mr. Justice Dias.
The Hon. F. R. SAUNDERS, Governfnent Agent, Western Province.
The Hon, P, A. TEMPLER, Government Agent, Central Province.
W. C. TwynaM, Esq., Government Agent, Northern Province.
W. E. T. SHARPE, Esq., Government Agent, Southern Province.
G. S. WILLIAMS, Esq., Government Agent, North-’Vestern Province.
ALLANSON BAILEY, Esq., Government Agent, Eastern Province
F, C, FISHER, Esq., Government Agent, North Central Province.
P. D. ANTHONISZ, Esq., M.D.
J. L. VANDERSTRAATEN, Esq., M.D.
H. TRIMEN, Esq., M.B., Director of Botanical Gardens.
A. M. FERGusoN, Esq.
The Hon. J. Van LANGENBERG, M.L.C.
The Hon. F. M. Mackwoop, M.L.C.
The Hon, R. A. BoSANQUET, M.L.C.
The Hon. P. RAMANATHAN, M.L.C.
The Hon. A. L. DE ALvis, M.L.C.
The Hon. R. B. DowNALL, M.L.C.
J. WarDrop, Esq., Chairman of the Chamber of Commerce.
T. N. CHRISTIE, Esq., Chairman of the Planters’ Association.
C. H. DE Soysa, Esq., Chairman of the Agricultural Association,
Captain BAYLEY.
C. P. Dias BAUDARANAYEKE, Esq., Maha Modhar.
OSSEN LEBBE Markur, Consul for Turkey.
W. E. Davinson, Esq.
J. J. GRINLINTON, Esq.
JOHN CapPER, Esq.

XXXvi Colonial and Indian Exhibition.
XII. CEYLON—continued.

COMMISSION AT COLOMBO.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

Hon. F. R. SAUNDERS, Government Agent, Western Province, Chairman.
Hon. R. A. BOSANQUET, M.L.C,
H. TRIMEN, Esq., M.B., Director of the Botanical Gardens.
P. D. ANTHONISZ, Esq., M.D.
T. WN. CHRISTIE, Esq., Chairman of the Planters’ Association.
C. H. DE Soysa, Chairman of the Agricultural Association.
J. J. GRINLINTON, Esq.
W. E. DAVIDSON, Esq.

SECRETARY.
JOHN CAPPER, Esq.

PROVINCIAL SUB-COMMITTEES.

Kandy.
Hon. P. A. TEMPLER, Government Agent, Central Province, Chairman.
HONORARY SECRETARY.
L. F, LEE, Esq.
Colombo.

Hon. F. R. SAUNDERS, Government Agent, Western Province, Chairman.
HONORARY SECRETARY,
W. E. DAvIpDSON, Esq.
Galle.
W. E. T, SHARPE, Esq., Government Agent, Southern Province, Chairman,
HONORARY SECRETARY.
E, M. DE Courcy SHORT, Esq.
Jaffna.
W. C. TwyNaM, Esq., Government Agent, Northern Province, Chairman,

J. Rupp, E HONORARY SECRETARY,
. ’ Sq.

Kurnnegala.

G. S. WILLIAMS, Esq., Government Agent, North-Western Province,
Chairman.
HONORARY SECRETARY.

S. M. CRAWFORD, Esq.
Anurajapura.

F, C. FisHer, Esq., Government Agent ;
Sultan gent, North Central Province

HONORARY SECRETARY,
S. M. Burrows, Esq,

Colonial Commissions. XXXVii

XIII. MAURITIUS.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
J. A. DESPEISSIS, Esq.
HONORARY COMMISSIONERS.
L. G. ADAM, Esq., Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur.
HENRY J. JOURDAIN, Esq.

COMMISSION AT PORT LOUIS.
The Hon. JOHN FRASER, Chairman.
The Hon. Sir V. NAz, K.C.M.G.
The Hon. F. H. ADAM.
The Hon. W. NEWTON.

Dr. C. POUPINEL DE VALENCE, President of the Royal Society of Aris and
Sciences.

A. DARUTY, Esq., Superintendent of the Museum.
L. DE ROCHECOUSTE, Esq.
H. B. WILSON, Esq., President of the Chamber of Commerce.
J. HORNE, Esq., Director of Woods and Forests.
J. A. DESPEISSIS, Esq., Secretary.
SUB-COMMITTEE IN SEYCHELLES.
C. Dupuy, Esq.
A. DUCHENNE, Esq.
T. PETIT, Esq.
E. Savy, Esq.
J. J. SHarp, Esq.

XIV. STRAITS SETTLEMENTS.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
COMMISSIONER.
F. A. SWETTENHAM, Esq.

ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER.
N. P, TREVENEN, Esq.

COMMISSION AT SINGAPORE.
CENTRAL COMMISSION.
The Hon. J. F. Dickson, C.M:G., Chairman.
The Hon. A. CURRIE.
The Hon. J. GRAHAM.
The Hon, T. SHELFORD.

xxxviii Colonial and Indian. Exhibition.

XIV. STRAITS SETTLEMENTS—continued.
ss Pia
COMMISSION :AT: SINGAPORE.

GENERAL COMMISSION.

The Hon. SEAH LIANG SEAH,. an

SYED MOHAMED ALSAGOFF, Esq.

N. B. DENNys, Esq., Ph.D.

R. W. HULLETT, Esq.

j. MILLER, Esq.

W. A. PICKERING, Esq., C.M.G.

T. IRVINE ROWELL, Esq., M.D.

Lim TIANG WAH, Esq.

N. P. TREVENEN, Esq.

SUB-COMMITTEES.
Bios Ethnology.
W. A. PICKERING, Esq., C.M.G,
N. B, DENNys, Esq., Ph.D.
J. MILLER, Esq.
Education and Science.

~ W. A, PICKERING, Esq., C.M.G.
N. B. DENNYs, Esq., Ph.D.
J. MILLER, Esq.

Health.
T. IRVINE ROWELL, Esq., M.D.

The Dwelling.
The Hon. A. CURRIE.

The Hon. T. SHELFORD.
SYED MOHAMED ALSAGOFF, Esq.

Fabrics and Cutware.
The Hon. A. CURRIE.

The Hon. T. SHELFORD.
SYED MOHAMED ALSAGOF?, Esq.

Natural History.
T. IRVINE ROWELL, Esq., M.D.
R. W. HULLETT, Esq.
The Hon. SEAH LIANG SEAH.

Agriculture and Horiiculture.
T. IRVINE ROWELL, Esq., M.D.
R. W. HULLETT, Esq.
The Hon, SEAH LIANG SEAH.

Colonial: Commissions. Xxxix

XIV, STRAITS, SETTLEMENTS—continued.

COMMISSION AT.SINGAPORE,
»- SUBCOMMITTEES —continued.
Food Products.
The Hon. J. GRAHAM.

The Hon. SEAH LIANG SEAH.
Raw Products and Primary Manufactures,
The Hon. A. CURRIE.

Animal Products.
The Hon. T. SHELFORD,
Mineral Products.

SYED MOHAMED ALSAGOFF, Esq.

Locomotion and Machinery.
W. A. PICKERING, Esq., C.M.G.
N. B. DENNYs, Esq., Ph.D.

J. MILLER, Esq.
LOCAL COMMITTEE IN PENANG.

_ The Hon. C. J. IRvinc, C.M.G.
The Hon. J. M. B, VERMONT.
Captain M. A, CAMERON, R.E,
A. B. MCKEAN, Esq.

Mr. KHo Bu ANN.

Mr. Fu TYE SIN.

Mr. KHO SEANG TAT.

Mr. H. M. NoorDIN.

R. N. BLAND, Esq.

LOCAL COMMITTEE IN MALACCA.
The Hon. D. F. A. HERVEY.

E. Hoccg, Esq.

J. E. WESTERHOUT, Esq.

Mr. CHANG TEK CHEANG, J.P.
Mr. CuI Hun Bona.

Mr. WAN CHILEK.

XV. HONG-KONG.
COMMISSION IN LONDON.

EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.

THE SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL COMMISSION.
(Exhibition Offices.)

[SPECIAL COMMISSIONER FROM HONG-KONG.
_ HENRY ERNEST WODEHOUSE, Esq.

ASSISTANT,
E. H. FISHBOURNE, Esq., LL.B., M.A,

xl Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

a

XV. HONG-KONG—continued.

COMMISSION AT HONG-KONG.
MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.

The Hon. WILLIAM KESWICK, M.L.C., Chairman.
WILLIAM N. BAIN, Esq.

EMANUEL R. BELILIOs, Esq.

CHARLES D. BOTTOMLEY, Esq.

CATCHICK P, CHATER, Esq.

JAMES B. COUGHTRIE, Esq.

ATWELL COXON, Esq.

DavID R. F, CRAWFORD, Esq.

WILLIAM DANBY, Esq. ©

WILLIAM H. F. Darsy, Esq.

WILLIAM H. FORBES, Esq.

CHARLES FORD, Esq.

DAVID GILLIES, Esq.

HEINRICH Hoppius, Esq.

Ho Kal, Esq., M.D.

JoHNn D. HUMPHREYS, Esq.

The Hon. THOMAS JACKSON, M.L.C.

The Hon. ALFRED LISTER, Colonial Treasurer.

Li SHING, Esq,

Li TAK-CH’EUNG, Esq.

ALEXANDER P. MACEWEN, Esq.

The Hon. WILLIAM H. Marsu, C.M.G., Colonial Secretary.
Commodore GEORGE D. MoRANT, R.N.

‘The Hon. EDWARD L, O’MALLEY, Attorney-General.
The Hon. JOHN MACNEILE PRICE, Surveyor-General,
AGOSTINHO G. ROMANO, Esq.

WILLIAM Ross, Esq.

The Hon. Mr. Justice RUSSELL.

The Hon. PHINEAS RYRIE, M.L.C.

The Hon. FREDERICK D. SAssoon, M.L.C.

‘The Hon, FREDERICK STEWART, LL.D., Registrat-General.
Wat Yuk, Esq. ;
Colonel GEORGE E, L. WALKER, R.E.

HENRY ERNEST WODEHOUSE, Esq.

The Hon. WONG SHING, M.L.C.

HONORARY SECRETARY. 4
HENRY ERNEST WODEHOUSE, Esq.

Colonial Commissions. xli

XVI. BRITISH NORTH BORNEO COMPANY,

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
Sir RUTHERFORD ALCOCK, K.C.B.

COMMISSIONERS.
ALFRED DENT, Esq.

WILLIAM KIDNER, Esq., F.R.1.B.A.
ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER.
WILLIAM M. CROCKER, Esq.

COMMISSION IN BRITISH NORTH BORNEO.
The Hon. WILLIAM H. TREACHER, Governor.
MALCOLM J. BROWN, Esq., Colonial Secretary.
W. B. PRYER, Esq., Resident of East Coast.
G. L. DAvIEs, Esq., Resident of West Coast.

XVII. BRITISH GUIANA.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONERS.
GEORGE HAMMOND HAWTAYNE, Esq., F.R.G.S.,C:M.Z.S.;
Administrator-General.

(1, Earlsfield Road, Wandsworth Common.)
B. HOWELL JONES, Esq.

COMMISSION AT GEORGETOWN.

COMMITTEE,

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL AND COMMERCIAL SOCIETY OF BRITISH GUIANA.

HONORARY SECRETARY.
R. T. A, Day, Esq.

WEST INDIES.
XVIII, JAMAICA.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
AUGUSTUS J. ADDERLEY, Esqi, C.M.G., Royal Commissicner,,

HINORARY COMMISSIONER,
WASHINGTON EVEs, Esq.

SECRETARY,
Major G. E. W. MALET.

xiii Colonial and Indian Exhibition. ¢

XVIII. JAMAICA—continued,

COMMISSION AT KINGSTON.
MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.

D. Morris, Esq,, M.A., F.G.S., Chairman,
Dr. J. C. PHILIPPO.
Hon. C. B. MosskE, C.B., Bei, Dep. Surg. -Gen., A.M.D.
Hon. H. J. KEMBLE.
H. B. HOTCHKIN, Esq.
The Rev. Dr. Ross, D.D,

The Rev. JOHN RADCLIFFE,
SECRETARY.
H. PRIEST, Esq.

XIX. TRINIDAD.

COMMISSION IN LONDON,
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
AUGUSTUS J. ADDERLEY, Esq., C.M.G., Royal Commissioner,
ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER.
Joun McCarthy, Esq., F.I.C., F.C.S.

‘ SECRETARY.
Major G, E, W. MALET.

COMMISSION AT PORT OF SPAIN.
MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.
W. F. KirTON, Esq., Chairman.

PETER ABEL, Esq.
S. DEVENISH, Esq.
WILLIAM HowatTson, Esq.
J. A. BULMER, Esq.
CHARLES A. FABIAN, Esq,
The Hon. D, WILSON.
SECRETARY.

JOHN McCartuy, Esq,, F.1.C., F.C.S,

XX. WINDWARD ISLANDS :—

Barbados.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.

AUGUSTUS J. ADDERLEY, Esq., C.M.G., Royal Commissioner.

HONORARY COMMISSIONERS.
Sir GEORGE H. CHAMBERS.

FORSTER M. ALLEYNE, Esq.
Colonel W. M. LEES (late B.S.C.).

SECRETARY.
Major G. E. W. MALET.

MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE.
Sir GEORGE H. CHAMBERS, Chairman.
D. C. Da Costa, Esq.
AUGUSTINE GAVILLER, Esq.
NEVILE LUBBOCK, Esq.

\ Colonial Commissions,» xiii

XX. WINDWARD ISLANDS—éontinued,

Barbados.

~COMMISSION IN LONDON,
MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE—continued.
FORSTER M. ALLEYNE, Esq.
EDWARD CHAMBERS, Esq.
The Hon. ARCHIBALD J, PILE.
W. P. B. SHEPHEARD, Esq.
THOMAS SCRUTTON, Esq.
ROBERT SCOTT, Esq.
The Rev, Canon HINDS HOWELL.
GEORGE CARRINGTON, Esq.
HON. SECRETARIES.
ARTHUR WORTLEY, Esq.
JAMES L. OHLSON, Esq.
COMMISSION AT BRIDGTOWN.
HONORARY MEMBERS OF COMMISSION,
His Excellency THE GOVERNOR.
His Excellency THE MAJOR-GENERAL COMMANDING.
The Right Rev. THE BISHOP OF BARBADOS,
Sir JOHN SEALEY, K.C.M.G.
Sir CHARLES PACKER.
The Hon. NATHANIEL FODERINGHAM.
GRANT E, THOMAS, Esq., M.D,

MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.
The Hon. C. C. KNOLLYs, Senet Secretary, Chairman.
The Hon. G. C. PILE.
The Hon. W. H. Jongs.
The Hon. W. P. LEACOCK.
E. T. GRANNuM, Esq.
A. BAYNE, Esq., M.D.
T. L. GASKIN, Esq., M.R.C.S.E.
The Rev. E. N. THOMAS.
Professor J. B. HARRISON.
R. BowIE WALCcoTT, Esq., M.D,
JOHN SEALEY, Esq., M.D.
_F. B. ARCHER, Esq., M.B.C.M.
C, J. MANNING, Esq., M.R.C.S.E.
G. O. D. Walton, Esq., M.D.
W. T. ARMSTRONG, Esq.
J. G. AUSTIN, Esq.
Louis BERT, Esq.
J. B. BOVELL, Esq.
C. P. BowEN, Esq.
WILLIAM BOXILL, Esq.
J. KIRTON BROWNE, Esq.

xliv Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

XX., WINDWARD ISLANDS—continued,

Barbados.
MEMBERS OF COMMISS1ON—continued.
ROBERT CHALLONER, Esq.
DARNLEY C. Da Costa, Esq.
H. H. Haynes, Esq.
J. J. Law, Esq.
E, J. Louis, Esq.
JAMES P, MAssIAH, Esq.
A. P, MuRRAY, Esq.
R. F. PARKINSON, Esq.
JOHN PARKINSON, Esq.
GEORGE SEALEY, Esq.
F, H. SEALEY, Esq.
J. G. SIMPSON, Esq.
W. H. SMITH, Esq.
E. K. TAYLor, Esq.
‘WALTER A. TOPPIN, Esq.

A. S. WATERMAN, Esq.
SECRETARY.

C, J. LAWRANCE, Esq.

Grenada, St. Vincent, Tobago, St. Lucia.

Grenada.
COMMISSION AT ST. GEORGE.
His Excellency W. J. SENDALL, Chairman.
And others. -
St. Vincent.
COMMISSION AT KINGSTOWN.
The Hon. A. KINGDON, Chairman.
The Hon. F. B. GRIFFITH.
The Hon, J. C. DENTON.
The Hon. S. ARNOTT, M.D.
W. E. HUGHES, Esq.
C. E, CLOKE, Esq.

P. F, HuGGIns, Esq.
SECRETARY.

T. B. A. MUSGRAVE, Esq.

Tobago.
COMMISSION AT SCARBORO’.
The Hon. JoHN McKILLopP, Chairman.
The Hon. SIMON JAMES FRASER.
The Hon. LoRAINE GEDDES HAY,
The Hon. SOLOMON BABER ISAACS.
The Hon. JAMES MCCALL.
The Hon. EDWARD KEENS.
CHARLES LLoyp ABBOTT, Esq.

‘Colonial Commissions. xlv

XX. WINDWARD ISLANDS—continued.

Tobago.
COMMISSION AT SCARBORO’—continued.
THOMAS NEWTON BROWNE, Esq.
ROBERT MAXWELL CLARK, Esq., M.B.C.M.
The Rev. WILLIAM HENRY ENGLEDEW, LL.D.
The Hon. GEORGE WILLIAM GORDON.
The Hon, EBENEZER HENDERSON.
JAMES NEWTON MACDOUGALL, Esq.
DUNCAN MCGILLIVRAY, Esq.
The Rev. FREDERICK OCTAVIUS MILLER.
WILLIAM ALLEN PURSER, Esq., L.R.C.P.I.
The Rev. THOMAS WALTER SHIELDS.
The Rev. Canon EDWARD ROWLAND SMART, M.A.
The Rev. SAMUEL LAWRENCE THAELER.
JOHN PATRICK TULLOCH, Esq., M.B.C.M.
The Rev. EDMUND ADOLPHUS TURPIN.
WILLIAM DES VIGNES WILSON, Esq.
JAMES FREDERICK WITZ, Esq., L.R.C.P.E.

SECRETARY.
R. B, ANDERSON, Esq., F.R.C.S. \

St. Lucia.

COMMISSION AT CASTRIES.
His Honour EDWARD LABORDE, C.M.G., Chairman.
P. J. K. FERGUSON, Esq.
D. G. GARRAWAY, Esq.
W. H. HYNDMAN JONES, Esq., LL.B,
CHARLES DENNEHY, Esq., F.R.C.S.E.

SECRETARY,

ROBERT P. CROPPER, Esq.

XXI. LEEWARD ISLANDS :—

Antigua, St. Christopher (or St. Kitts), Nevis, Dominica,
Montserrat, Virgin Islands,

COMMISSION IN LONDON.

EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
AUGUSTUS J, ADDERLEY, Esq,, C.M.G., Royal Commissioner.

SECRETARY.
Major G. E. W. MALET

xlvi Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

AXXI. LEEWARD ISLANDS—continued,

Antigua.
COMMISSION AT ST. JOHN'S.

The Hon, HENRY O. BENNETT, Chairman of General Committee.
The Right Rev. C. A. BRANCH, D.D., Coadjutor Bishop of Antigua,
The Hon. ARTHUR W. HOLMES D’CouRT.
S. L. ATHILL, Esq.
The Hon. HENRY O. BENNETT.
F. A. BRAITHWAITE, Esq.
DAVID BROWNE, Esq.
The Hon. PATRICK BURNS,
FREDERICK S, CASSIN, Esq.
The Rev. Fr. CLEMENS.
WILLIAM H. Cowlr, Esq.
The Rev. M. J. DRINKWATER.
The Hon. W. H. Epwarps, F.R.C.S.
ARTHUR E. Epwarps, Esq., F.R.C.S.
The Rev. PATRICK FOGARTY.
His Honour THomas D. Foote.
WILLIAM ForREST, Esq.
JOHN FREELAND, Esq., M.R.C.S.
The Hon. STEPHEN H. Garry.
The Hon. GEORGE HOLBORROW.
Octavius HumpuHRys, Esq.
EDGAR H. LANE, Esq.
JOHN S. MCDoNALD, Esq.
ALEXANDER G. MCHarTTIE, Esq., F.R.C.S.
JAMES MAGINLEY, Esq.
WILLIAM H. Moorg, Esq.
The Hon. Sir OLIVER NUGENT.
OLIVER NUGENT, Esq.
GEORGE E. PIEREZ, Esq., M.B., C.M.
The Hon. NEALE PORTER.
WILLIAM T. PROUDFOOT, Esq.
DANIEL W. SCARVILLE, Esq.
CHARLES A. SHAND, Esq.

The Hon. JOHN F. WYLDE.

TREASURER.
WILLIAM W. HEatH, Esq.

SECRETARIES.
WILLIAM H. Wuyunan, Esq.

THOMAS BAYNES, Esq.
CHRISTOPHER MUSGRAVE, Esq.

Colonial Commissions. xvii

XXI. LEEWARD ISLANDS—continned.

en

St. Christopher—Nevis.

COMMISSION AT PLYMOUTH.
SAMUEL ABBOTT, Esq.
J. D. ADAMSON, Esq,
The Hon, J. H. H. BERKELEY.
T. P. BERRIDGE, Esq,
C. BEARD, Esq.
WILLIAM BERRIDGE, Esq.
D. S. BLAKE, Esq.
A. P. Boon, Esq., M.D.
W. J. BRANCH, Esq., M.D.
JOSEPH BRIGGs, Esq.
WALTER BUCKE, Esq.
Rev. T. M. CHAMBERS.
ERNEST CONNELL, Esq.
Rev, WM, COWLEY,
B, S. Davis, Esq.
GUSTAVE DELISLE, Esq.
E. S, DELISLE, Esq,
Dr. DINZEY.
J. M. DANAVAL, Esq.
The Hon. C. M. ELDRIDGE.
EDWARD EVELYN, Esq.
The Hon. E. A. FAILLe.

-FREDERICK FRANCE, Esq.

J. W. C, GoRDON, Esq,

J. R. GOULD, Esq.

F. GUNTON, Esq.

CHARLES C, GREAVES, Esq,
Ven, Archdeacon HOLME.

G. HorRNE, Esq.

Rev. H. B. HUGHEs.

Dr. P. T. HUGGINS.

J. KEARNE, Esq.

L. M. KORTRIGHT, Esq.

J. L. LAKE, Esq.

THOMAS MCNISH, Esq.

The Hon. A. W. Morr, C.M.G.
W. PADMORE, Esq.

The Hon. EDWARD PoGson,

xl viii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

XXI, LEEWARD ISLANDS—continued.
St. Christopher—Nevis.
COMMISSION AT PLYMOUTH—continued,
Captain A. ROGER.
His Honour Judge SEMPER.
The Hon. Dr. SEMPER.
The Hon. W. D. AUCHINLECK.
Rev. Fr. SMITH.
ROBERT SMITH, Esq.
J. T. TH1Bovu, Esq.
J. W. THURSTON, Esq.
PERCY TODD, Esq.
EDWARD TODD, Esq.
ERNEST WATLEY, Esq.
FRANCIS S. WIGLEY, Esq.
PAGET WADE, Esq,
Rev. H, F, UH.

Dominica.

COMMISSION AT ROSEAU.
His Honour J. S. CHURCHILL, Chairman,
The Right Rev. THE BIsHOP OF ROSEAU.
The Very Rev. Father A. Fort (Vicar-General).
His Honour Judge PEMBERTON.
HENRY HAMILTON, Esq.
Honourable WM. MACINTYRE.
JAMES W. BELLOT, Esq.
Honeurable G. L. BELLOT.
GEORGE B. BLANC, Esq.
Honourable A. C. POTTER.
FRANCIS P. LATOUCHE, Esq.
JAMES C. FILLAN, Esq.
Rev. Abbé COUTURIER.
Wo. CALLENDER, Esq.

HONORARY SECRETARY.

H. A. ALFORD NIGHOLLS, Esq., M.D., F.L.S.

Montserrat.
MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.
The Hon. J. S. HOLLINnGs, C.E., Chairman,
The Hon. B. JOHNSON.
H. B, Fox, Esq.

Colonial Commissions. xlix
UA tt a a nls Annes Wie UI. i sy Sink ck eae

XXI.° LEEWARD ISLANDS—continued,

rd

Montserrat.

MEMBERS OF COMMISSION continued.
FREDERICK Driver, Esq.

HENRY DyetTT, Esq.

. P. PENCHEON, Esq.
. H. IRISH, Esq.

M. H. WILKIN, Esq.
. BURKE, Esq.

ev. A. D, JAMISON.
ev. K. M. GILLIE.

ev, T. H. BAILEy.
RANCIS WATTs, Esq.
M. WEST, Esq.

ev. Fr. COOKE.

. H. MAPLETON, Esq.
. W. HowEs, Esq.
ICHARD HANNAM, Esq.
. J. HANNAM, Esq.

- H, FIELD, Esq.

The Virgin Islands.

COMMISSION AT TORTOLA.
he Rev. HUGH SEMPER,
HN A. FoREMAN, Esq.
SEPH D. ROMNEY, Esq.

rn lenin eee,

XXII. BAHAMAS,

COMMISSION IN LONDON,
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
UGUSTUS J. ADDERLEY, Esq,, C.M.G., Royal Commissioner,

: SECRETARY,
ajor G, E, W. MALET.

COMMISSION AT NASSAU.
is Excellency H. A. BLAKE, Chairman,

e Hon, E. B. A. TayLor, C.M.G,

e¢ Hon. O. D. MALCOLM,

e Hon, R. H. Sawyer,

1 Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

XXII BAHAMAS—continued.

COMMISSION AT NASSAU—continued,
The Hon. G. T. R. Kemp. |
The Hon. R. W. FARRINGTON.
The Hon. S. O. .JOHNSON.
The Hon. WILLIAM KIRKWOOD.
GEORGE ADDERLEY, Esq.
JAMES YOUNG, Esq.
E. HALL, Esq.
H. RAHMING, Esq.
The Rev. R. DUNLOP.
F.-ALBury, Esq.
J. S. GEORGE, Esq.

H. LiGHTBOURN, Esq.
f SECRETARY,
_ §. P. SAUNDERS, Esq.

XXIII. BRITISH HONDURAS.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
AUGUSTUS J. ADDERLEY, Esq., C.M.G., Royal Commissioner,

COMMISSIONER.
Chief Justice WILLIAM ANTHONY MUSGRAVE SHERIFF

SECRETARY.

Major G. E, W. MALET,

COMMISSION AT BELIZE.
j. E. Mutrik, Esq., Chairman.
The Hon. THE COLONIAL SECRETARY,
The Hon. THE COLONIAL TREASURER.
The Hon, ALEX. WILLIAMSON.
The Hon. J. C. DARBY.
ALEX. HUNTER, Esq.
F. ANDUEZA, Esq.
BENJAMIN FAIRWEATHER, Esq.
WILLIAM NEAL, Esq.
The Rev. W. H. ATKIN.
The Rev. J. JACKSON.
The Rev. W. J. OLDFIELD
The Rev. S D1 PIETRO,
J. ROBERTSON, Esq,

Colonial Commissions. li

XXIII. BRITISH HC* DURAS—continued.

COMMISSION AT BELIZE—continued.

D. GENTLE, Esq., M.D.
THOMAs SIMMONS, Esq.
H. C. USHER, Esq.
WILLIAM Bury, Esq.

. MELHADS, Esq.
STANSMORE, Esq.

. CRAIG, Esq.

. E. Mortan, Esq.
H. PARKER, Esq.

- Q. SMITH, Esq.

J. M. CuTHBERT, Esq.
CHARLES PETERS, Esq.
W. AGAR, Esq.

Chief Justice R. F. SHERIFF.

SECRETARY.

2)

Ri>pihir

F, GAHNE, Esq., M.D,

WEST AFRICAN COLONIES.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
(For trHt West Arrica SETTLEMENTS; GOLD COAST; AND LAGOS.)

EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER,
Sir JAMES MARSHALL.

(Richmond House, Roehampton, S.W.)

COMMITTEE.
The Right Hon. Lord ABERDARE, G.C.B., Chairman, Royal Commissioner.

A. W. L. Hemminc, Esq, C.M.G., Head of the African Department,
Colonial Office.

Sir Jatizks MARSHALL, Member of the West African Trade Section
Committee of the London Chamber of Commerce.

F. SwWANZY, Esq., Vice-President of the West African Trade Section of the
London Chamber of Commerce.

E. G. BANNER, Esq., Member of the West African Trade Section Committee
of the London Chaniber of Commerce.

T. RIsELEY GRIFFITH, Esq,, Colonial Secretary, Sierra Leone,
W. H. QUAYLE JoNnEs, Esq., Queen’s Advocate, Gold Coast.

KEnric B. MURRAY, Esq,, Secretary of the London Chamber of Commerce ,
Secretary. os

lii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

XXIV. WEST AFRICA SETTLEMENTS.

ree |

COMMISSION IN SIERRA LEONE.
COMMITTEE AT FREETOWN.
ROBERT E. POWNALL, Esq., Colonial Surveyor, President.
The Hon. T, j. SAWYERR, M.L.C.
DavipD P. Ross, Esq., M.D., Colonial Surgeon.
Lieut. J. N. COMPTON, R.N.
ERNST VOHSEN, Esq.
GEORGE ZOCHONIS, Esq.
MosEs S. BOYLE, Esq.
DANIEL JARRETT, Esq.

Sherbro District.
THE COMMANDANT (for the time being).
J. B. WRIGHT, Esq., J.P.
W. H. DAVISON, Esq.
J. A. WILLIAMS, Esq.
J. T. ALLDRIDGE, Esq.

2nd Eastern and Quiah Districts.
W. M. HuccIns, Esyq., J.P.

Western District.
J. M. METZGER, Esq., J.P.

ENOCH FAULKNER, Esq.

SECRETARY,

COMMISSION IN GAMBIA.
PRESIDENT.

His Excellency C. A. MOLONEY, C.M.G., Administrator.
COMMISSIONERS AT BATHURST,

The Hon, JAMES ToPP.

The Hon. J. D. RICHARDS.

C. BEVING, Esq.

FE, ALLEGRE, Esq.

H. C. GoppARD, Esq,

A. Dubois, Esq.

T. B. Evans, Esq.

G. VERDIER, Esq.

S. J. ForsTER, Esq.

G. N. SHYNGLE, Esq.

P. Jour, Esq.

Colonial Commissions. liii

XXIV. WEST AFRICA SETTLEMENTS-— continued.

COMMISSION IN GAMBIA.
COMMISSIONERS AT BATHURST—continned.
rE, F. Nowr, Esq.
J. D. ATTRED, Esq.
E. A. M. SMITH, Esq.
J. H. FINDEN, Esq.
HONORARY SECRETARIES.
Captain W. P. RocHE, Government Secretary.
Dr. W ALLAN, Assistant Colonial Surgeon.

anne '

XXV. GOLD COAST.

COMMISSION AT ACCRA.

COMMITTEE,
OHN PAGAN, Esq., Colonial Surveyor.

r. EASMON.

. SCHINDLER, Esq.

DMUND BANNERMAN, Esq.
. GAUGER, Esq.

» F, CLELAND, Esq.

g NATIVE COMMITTEE.
ing TACKIE.

hief AJAUBEN ANKRAH.
hief JOHN QUARTEY,
hief ACKROMAH.

XXXVI. LAGOS.

COMMITTEE AT LAGOS,
t. Justice SMALMAN SMITH, Chairman.
r. Consul Hoop.
r. Consul HELDBEK,
. J. GEORGE, Esq,
D. FAIRLEY, Esq., Secretary,
R. ELLioTr, Esq,
J. THomas, Esq.
A. PAYNE, Esq.
. SHITTA, Esq.
W. NEVILLE, Esq.

liv Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

XXVII. MALTA.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.

Sir VICTOR HOULTON, G.C.M.G.
(26, Eccleston Street, Chester Square, S.W.)
ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER. ;
EpwarpD T. Actus, Esq.

COMMISSION AT VALETTA.
MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.
The Hon. E. L. GALIzIA, Chairman,
The Hon. C. M. MUSCAT.
Baron CALCEDONIC AZOPARDYI,
MARCHESINO TESTAFERRATA OLIVIER.

EDWARD V. FERRO, Esq,
SECRETARY,

HENRY VELLA, Esq.

XXVIII. CYPRUS.
COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER,
HAMILTON LANG, Esq.
ASSISTANT COMMISSIONERS.
GEORGE GORDON HAKE, Esq.
Captain G. K, WISELY, R.E.

COMMITTEE AT NICOSIA.

His Excellency Major-General Sir R. BIDDULPH, K.C.M.G., C.B.
The Hon. Colonel FALK. WARREN, C.M.G.
The Hon. W. R. COLLYER.

The Hon. S. BROWN.

The Hon. Dr. HEIDENSTAM, C.M.G.,

W. TAYLOR, Esq.

M. KING, Esq.

C. D. CoBHAM, Esq.

R. L. N. MICHELL, Esq.

Captain A H. Younc.

H, L. THOMPSON, Esq.

Captain E, K.. KENYON.

The Hon. D. PIFRIDEs.

The Hon. T. PERISTIANY.

The Hon. E, CONSTANTINIDES,

Colonial Commissions. lv

XXVIII. CYPRUS—continued.

COMMITTEE AT NICOSIA—continued.
P. G. MICHAELIDES, Esq. ’
_ His Eminence Hussein Effendi.
The Hon. MEHEMET ALI Effendi. .
AHMET KHOULOUSsI Effendi.

SECRETARIES.
Captain H. M. SINcraIR, R.E.
G. SMITH, Esq,

XXIX. FALKLAND ISLANDS.

COMMISSION IN LONDON.
EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.
THE SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL COMMISSION.
(Exhibition Offices.)

COMMITTEE.
G. M. DEAN, Esq.

F, E. Coss, Esq.

i Advertisementa.

TO HER MAJESTY w WAGROIee, «—- TO'H.R.H. THE
THE QUEEN. SAL yse yy 4 PRINCE OF WALES,

ULE. FRODSHAM & 0"

Celebrated

ENGLISH WATCHES

ONLY ADDRESS
31 Gracechurch Street, E.C.

ESTABLISHED 17096.

SEE PAGE 147,

Manufacturers and Finishers of the finest
Watches in the World.

INDIAN EMPIRE.

EXECUTIVE STAFF IN LONDON. |
At the request of the Secretary of State for India in Council, and with
the sanction of His Royal Highness THE PRINCE OF WALES,
Executive President of the Royal Commission, all the arrangements
for the Indian Section of the Exhibition are entrusted to the Secretary
to the Royal Commission,

J. R. ROyLE, Esq., Assistant Secretary to the Royal Commission and
Official Agent for the Government of India.

GEORGE WATT, Esq,, M.B., C.M,, F.L.S., Assistant in charge of Imperial
Economic Court.

COMMISSIONER FOR INDIA.
FE, C. Buck, Esq., B.C.S., Secretary to the Government of Irdia in the
Revenue and Agricultural Department.

Colonel A. LE MESSURIER, Commissioner for H.H. the Maharajah of
Mysore,

Major NEVILL, Commissioner for H.H. the Nizam of Hyderabad.

M. M. BHOWNUGGREE, Esq., Commissioner for H.H. the Thakur Sahib of
Bhownugger.

Official collections in India are made under the general administration and
direction of the Revenue and Agricultural Department of the Govern-
ment of India :—

I. ECONOMIC PRODUCTS.
By the following officers :—
GEORGE Wart, Esq., M.B., C.M., F.L.S., Bengal Educational Department.
B. RIBBENTROP, Esq., Officiating Inspector-General of Forests to the
Government of India.
BABU TRAILOKYA NATH MUKHARJI, Revenue and Agricultural Department
of the Government of India.
Assisted by the Exhibition Committees appointed by the Bengal
and Bombay Governments and the Chambers of Commerce at
Calcutta, Bombay and Rangoon.

\viii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

Il, ARTWARE AND FABRICS.
By the following Committees and special officers appointed by the
Governments of the various Provinces in India, or the Rulers of
Native States :—~
Bombay.
COMMITTEE,
The Hon, F. FoRBES ADAMS, President,
E. C. K. OLLIVANT, Esq, C.S,
Major A. B. PORTMAN,
Dr. D, MACDONALD.
Haji KARIM MAHOMED SULLEMAN, Esq.
E. T. LeiTH, Esq., LL.M.
NANABHAI BYRAMJI JIJIBHAI, Esq.
VRIJBHUKHANDAS ATMARAM, Esq.

J. GRIFFITHS, Esq., Secretary,
Madras.
COMMITTEE,
Colonel H. P. HAWKES, Deputy Commissary-General, President.

Dr, G. Biviz, M.B., C.1.E., Deputy Surgeon-General and Sanitary

Commissioner.
E, B, HAVELL, Esq., Superintendent School of Arts.
Bengal.
COMMITTEE,

H. A. COCKERELL, Esq., C.S.1., President.
D. CRUICKSHANK, Esq., Vice-President.
H. BERGER, Esq.
Surgeon-Maijor D. D. CUNNINGHAM.
M. FINUCANE, Esq.
HENDERSON, Esq.
C.R. HILts, Esq.
J. J. J. Keswick, Esq.
Dr. G. KING,
H. H. LOCKE, Esq.
R. LYALL, Esq.
The Hon. A. P. MACDONNELL.
J. D. MAXWELL, Esq.
The Hon. R. MILLER.
J. MuRDOCH, Esq.
A. PEDLER, Esq.
T. RALLI, Esq.
H. H. RIstey, Esq.
A. SIMSON, Esq.
The Hon. Colonel S. T. TREVOR.
Lieutenant-Colonel WATERHOUSE.
M. JACKSON, Esq., Member and Secretary.

Indian Empire. lix

North-Western Provinces and Oudh.
D. M. SMEATON, Esq., C.S., Ditector, Department of Agriculture and
Commerce N. W. P. and Oudh,
Lieutenant-Colonel D. G, PITCHER, B.S.C., Assistant-Director for Oudh.
North-Western Provinces and Oudh Agricultural Department.

Punjab.
J. L. KIpLincG, Esq., Principal, Mayo School of Art, Lahore.

Central Provinces. ‘

J. B. FULLER, Esq., B.C.S., Director, Department of Agriculture, Central
Provinces,

British Burma.

C. E. BERNARD, Esq, B.C.S., C.S.I., Chief Commissioner of British
Burma,

Assam.
H. Z, DARRAH, Esq,, B,C.S., Director, Department of Agriculture, Assam,

Coorg.
Colonel A. LE MESSURIER, Consulting Engineer, Bangalore.
W. MCHUTCHIN, Esq., Executive Engineer, Mysore State Railway.

Rajputana States.
Colonel Sir EDWARD RIDLEY C. BRADFORD, K.C.S.I., M.S.C., Agent to the
Governor-General Rajputana, Royal Commissioner,
R. S. WHITEWAY, Esq., Settlement Officer, Ajmere, Merwara.
Surgeon-Major J. P. STRATTON, M.D., Resident, Eastern Rajputana States.
Surgeon-Major T. H. HENDLEY, Hon. Secretary to the Museum Committee,
Jeypur.
Colonel P. W. POWLETT, S.C., Resident, Western Rajputana States.
Lieutenant-Colonel H. P. PEACOCK, Political Agent, Ulwar.
Captain W. H. C. WYLLIE, C.1.E., B.S.C., Political Agent, Kotah.
Captain A. C. TALBOT, S.C., Political Agent, Bikanir.
Lieutenant-Colonel W. J. W. Murr, S.C., Political Agent, Harowtee and
Tonk.
Colonel C. K. M. WALTER, S.C., Resident in Meywar.
Lieutenant-Colonel C, B, EUAN SMITH, C.S.I., Political Agent, Bhartpur
and Kerowlee.

Central India States,
J. JOHNSTONE, Esq., Principal of the Residency College, Indore..

Ix Colonial and Indian Exhibition.
ge"
Baroda : State.’
COMMITTEE.
Captain J. HAYES SADLER, AssistanteAgent to the Governor-General,
President.
Major F. H. JACKSON,
RAO BAHADUR LAXMAN JAGANNATH.
Rao BAHADUR J. S. GADGIL.
T. S. Tait, Esq.
P. REYNOLDS, Esq.
Appas S. TYABJI.
RAO BAHADUR RAOJI VITHAL,
RAo SAHEB HAPSOVANDAS DWARKADAS.
AMBALAL SAKARLAL DESAI.
DINSHA ARDESHIR TALEARKHAN, Hon. Secretary,

iy Oe Hyderabad State.
Colonel C. J. O. FiTZGERALD, Commanding 3rd Cavalry, Hyderabad
. Contingent, Hyderabad.
Mysore State.

Colonel A. LE MESSURIER, Consulting Engineer, Mysore, Bangalore,
W. McHUTCHIN, Esq., Executive Engineer, Mysore State Railway,

Nepal State.
‘Surgeon G. H, D, GIMLETTE, Residency Surgeon, Nepal, Katmandu,

Kashmir State.

Colonel Sir OLIVER BEAUCHAMP COVENTRY ST. JOHN, K.C.S.I., R.E.,
I.S.C., Resident, Kas) nir, Royal Commissioner.

LIST ‘OF

EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONERS
IN LONDON.

COLONIAL EMPIRE.

I. Dominion of Canada.
The Hon.Sir C.Tupper,G.C.M.G.,C.B. 9, Victoria Chambers, S.W.

Royal Commissioner.

Il, New South Wales.
Sir ALEXANDER Stuart, K.C.M.G. . Exhibition Offices,

II. Victoria. q
The Hon. GRAHAM BERRY

Iv. South Australia.
Sir A. Biyrn, K.C.M.G. . ;. . 8, Victoria Chambers, S,W.
Royal Commissioner.

Vv. Queensland.
The Hon. J. F. Garrick, C.M.G., Q.C. 1,Westminster Chambers, S.W.
Royal Commissioner.
vI. Western Australia.
The Hon. Matcotm Fraser, C.M.G. Exhibition Offices,

vil. New Zealand.
Sir F. D. Bett, K.C.M.G. P - 7,Westminster Chambers, S.W.

Royal Commissioner,

vril. Fiji.
The Hon. James E. Mason, M.L.C. . Exhibition Offices.

1x. Cape of Good Hope.
Sir C. Mitts, K.C.M.G. . ° - 7, Albert Mansions, S,W.
Royal Commissioner.
x. Natal.
Sir W. C. Sarceaunt, K.C.M.G. . Office of the Crown Agents
Royal Commissioner, + — for the Colonies.

Lxii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

XI, ‘st, Helena.
Lieutenant-Colonel Epaunp~BALMEr 4, Perham - Road, West Ken-
(late Royal prclleryy peer”: sington, SW.
set, Ceylon.
A. N. Bircu, Esq,, GM. 6 . 4, Old bug Street, W.

X1I1I. Mauritius.
J. A. Despeissis, Esq.
*RIv. Straits Settlements.
F. A. SwETTENHAM,”* Esq.

THe SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL
CoMMISSION . ¥ é . Exhibition Offices.

oy XVI. British North Borneo.
Sir ‘R. Atcock, K.C.B. . F . 4, Throgmorton Avenue, E.C.
ALFRED DENT, Esq.

Wittiam Kipner, Esq., F.R.1.B.A.

xXVv11.—British Guiana.
G. H. Hawrayne, Esq., F.R.G.S., 1, Earlsfield Road, Wands-
C.M.Z.S. worth Common.

B. H. Jones, Esq. . ‘ ‘ .

5, WEST INDIES.
__ A, J. AppErtgy, Esq., C.M.G., Royal Commissioner.

XVIII Jamaica.
A. J. ADDERLEY, Esq., C.M.G. . . Exhibition Offices,

xix. Trinidad.
A, J, ADDERLEY, Esq.,C.M.G. . | « Exhibition Offices.

xx. Windward Islands.
A, J. Appgerey, Esq., C.M.G.. ~~ + Exhibition Offices,

XxXI. Léewafd Islands,
A. J. Appgruey, Esq., C.M.G. . . Exhibition Offices,

‘i! XXII. Bahamas,
A. J. Appersy, Bsa., C.M.G. . . Exhibition Offices;

Executive Commissioners. Lxiii

yf Xx1in, “British, plogdurag
A. J. Poel Esq., C.M.G,% oe 4 * Exhibition Offices,

~ ¥xIV. West Africa. Settlements,
Sir James Mtiasnas > ‘ . Richmond House, Roe-

hampton, S.W.
™ XXvV. Gold Coast.
Sir JAMES MarsHa.t q é . Richmond House, Roe-
~ hampton, S.W.
Jvieamcreet XXVI. Lagos. :
Sir JaMES MARSHALL . . Richménd House, Roe-
: hampton, S.W.
XXVII. Malta.
Sir V. Houtton, G.C,M.G. ' . 26, Eccleston Street, Chester
Square, SW.” *

XXVIII Cyprus, .
HAMILTON LANG, Esq. . . . Exhibition Offices.

XXIX. Falkland Islands.
THe SECRETARY TO THE Roya
ComMMISSION bah. ; » Exhibition Offices,

INDIAN EMPIRE,

ate

At the tequest of the Secretary of State for India in Connicit and
with the sanction of His Royal Highness, THE PRINCE’ oF
Wass, Executive President of the Royal Commission, all the
arrangements for the Indian Section of the Exhibition are entrusted
to the Secretary to the Royal:Commission.

Executive Staff in London,
‘The Secretary to the Royal Commission.
J. R. Rove, Esq., Assistant Secretary to the <— Commission and
Official Agent for the Government of India, .

xiv , Advertisements.

UNKNOWN IN ENGLAND.

BARBER & COMPANY’S

SEE THAT YOU ‘HAVE NONE OTHER.

wo FRENCH COFFEE. nis

IN ITS HIGHEST PERFECTION.

TENPENCE PER POUND.

This is the choicest and most carefully selected Coffee, “ Roasted on the French Principle, and
mised with the Finest Brages Chicory.”

Q)bs., in Tins, sent by Parcels Post to any Post Town in the United Kingdom
and Channel Islands for 2s. 4d., or Qs. 4d., or 5lbs, in Tins, f¢ 5lbs , in Tins, for 5s. 6d.; Slbs., 8s. 6d.

BARBER & COMPANY,

274, Regent Circus, W.; 61, 14a ™ Street, City; 11, Boro’ High Street, 8.B.;
102, Westbourne Grove, W.; 42, Great Titchfield Street, W.; King's Oross, N.
Also Brighton, Manchester, Bristol, Liverpool, Preston, Birmingham, and Hastings.

WOOD WORKING MACHINERY,

FOR COLONIAL REQUIREMENTS,

CAN BE SEEN IN OPERATION AT

A. RANSOME & C0.’S WORKS,

STANLEY WORKS, KINGS ROAD, CHELSEA, 8.W.

(Hight minutes’ walk from the Colonial and Indian Exhibition.)

ENDLESS CHAIN FEED SAW BENCH, THE “WHEELWRIGHT.”

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES FREE ON APPLICATION.

Telegrams—RAN SOM E, LONDON. Telephone—No. 8,578
Appointments can be made by Telephone from Exhibition Call Rooms,

( Ixv )

REGULATIONS.

- ISSUED FOR THE GUIDANCE OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONERS.

GENERAL REGULATIONS.

1. The Exhibition will be opened on or about the 1st May, 1886, and will
remain open for a period of about six months.

2. Subject to the conditions stated in Regulations 3 and 4, the objects to
be exhibited are left entirely to the discretion of the Governments participat-
ing, in so far as they illustrate the resources, products and manufactures of
the Colonies and the Indian Empire. For reasons stated elsewhere, no
Classification has been attempted by the Royal Commission; but each
Government is invited to classify its own collection.

3. All fulminating and explosive substances and all dangerous substances
are absolutely forbidden to be sent, but they may be represented by models
or dummies.

4. Spirits, oils, essences, corrosive substances and generally all substances
which might spoil other articles or cause inconvenience to the public, can
only be received in substantial and suitable vessels of small size.

5. There will be no charge for space.

6. Motive power and water will be supplied free of cost, provided that
notice by letter or cable is given before the 1st Fanuary, 1886, Foundations
can be laid, under the superintendence of the Secretary to the Royal Com-
mission, upon requisition from the Executive Commissioners, with their
order for payment. The work will be done at the expense of the Commissions
requiring it ; and full particulars of the size, character and intended position
of machines should be given.

7. As the allotments of space have in most cases been already notified to
the Colonial and Indian Governments, no further applications can, except
under special circumstances, be entertained. Applications to exhibit from
any individual or firm will be referred to the Executive Commissioners for the
various Colonies and for India.

8. The Executive Commissioners appointed by their respective Govern-
ments will have the entire control of the arrangements of the goods
e

lxvi Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

exhibited in their respective sections, subject to the conditions stated in
Regulations 9 to 16.

g. At least one main passage of not less than fifteen feet must extend
throughout each Court from end to end ; and, where doors or openings occur,
passages of not less than ten feet in © “dth must be provided communicating
with the main central passage. The necessity of providing adequate space

for allowing the proper inspection of articles exhibited need scarcely be
insisted upon.

10. Signs or name-boards should be sia parallel with the main
passages, that is, parallel with the frontage of the respective stands. It is
suggested that they should be black with gold letters. Care should be taken
to prevent any interference with the electric lighting arrangements.

11. All handbills, printed matter, &c., connected with exhibits, and
intended for gratuitous distribution, should be duly authorised by the
Executive Commissioners for each country, who will find the Secretary to the
Royal Commission ready to co-operate with them.

12. It is specially requested that no cases or goods should exceed the
height of ten feet : this rule is not intended .to prevent the erection of any
special trophies ; but designs to scale of all trophies should, previous to their
erection, be notified to the Secretary to the Royal Commission.

13. As the Exhibition Buildings are leased by the Royal Commission, no
alterations affecting the structure of the buildings as regards the floor, walls
or roofing can be permitted without special application to the Secretary to
the Royal Commission.

14. Executive Commissioners will be required to provide all necessary
attendance for keeping the stands and exhibits in their sections properly
cleaned and in good order : all stands should remain uncovered during the
hours the Exhibition is open to the public.

15. It is probable that the hours during which the Exhibition will remain
open to the public will be from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. on all days except Wednes-
days and Saturdays, when the hour of closing will be rr p.m. These

arrangements aré, however, subject to alteration, The Exhibition will not
be open on Sundays.

16, No Exhibit may be removed from the Exhibition Buildings until the
close of the Exhibition, without the permission of the Executive Commis-
sioners, countersigned by the Secretary to the Royal Commission; and

consequently no selling, with a view to removal prior to the close of the
Exhibition, should be allowed.

17. Noarticle exhibited may be photographed, drawn, copied or reproduced
in any manner whatsoever, without the special sanction of the Executive
Commissioner of the section ; this sanction should be notified to the Secretary
to the Royal Commission.

18, All packages con‘aining goods intended for exhibition must ie
painted on them the distinctive mark C. |. E., together with the name of the
Colony from which they are sent. They must in all cases be consigned to
the Executive Commissioner of the Colony from which they are sent.

General Regulations. Ixvii

19. All goods intended for exhibiticn should reach the Exhibition buildings
on or befcre the 31st January, 1886; and, if convenient to Executive Com-
missioners, they can be received from the rst January, 1886: it is hoped
that everything will be reported as ready for inspection at least fourteen days
previous to the end of April,

20, Cases should be unpacked with the greatest possible dispatch, and
when empty should be ‘removed immediately from the buildings. The
Secretary to the Royal Commission will have pleasure in recommending
places of storage for empty cases; but it must be distinctly understood that
all arrangements for the “unpacking, removal, storage and bringing back of
cases must be made, and the expenses borne, by the various Colonial and
Indian Commissions.

21. All expenses connected with the installation and d.. day of exhibits
will be defrayed by the Colonial and Indian Commissions. '

22, The Royal Commission reserves to itself the right of refusing to admit
any exhibit.

23. The Royal Commission reserves to itself the sole right of publishing
and selling a General Catalogue, and General Guide and Plans of the
Exhibition, and for this purpose requests that a descriptive list, duly classified,
of the goods intended for exhibition may be forwarded tothe Secretary to the
Royal Commission by the respective Commissions not later than the Ist
December, 1885. Each Commission will, however, be at liberty to publish
and sell through the official publishers to the Royal Commission a special
Catalogue of its collection. It is hoped for the sake of uniformity that the
size of all such publications may be the same size as that of the General
Catalogue, known as Demy 8vo. (8% in. x 5 in.)

24. A Colonial Dining Room will be organised, under thé superintendence
of the Royal Commission, to which Exhibitors are invited to send, through
their Executive Commissioners, Colonial preserved food and wines for con-
sumption by visitors, Special Regulations have been prepared for this
department (see age 68).

25. Arrangements will be made for the sampling of Wines: and an officer
will be appointed to superintend this department. Cellarage accommodation
will be provided. Special Regulations have been prepared for this Depart-
ment (see Jage 66),

26. No Refreshment or Tasting Bars will be aliowed beyond those arranged
for by the Royal Commission,

27. It is proposed to organise a Fruit and Vegetable Market, at which
Colonial and Indian produce will be on sale. Special Regulations will be
framed for this section of the Exhivition,

28. It is proposed to hold an Exhibition of Living Animals from the
Colonies and India. Special Rules will be framed for its regulation.

29. The upper Gallery of the Royal Albert Hall has been set apart for a
collection of pictures of British Colonial and British Indian subjects, and by
colonial artists, Special Regulations have been prepared (sce page 69).

e2

Ixviii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

30. The right to add to, alter, amend or expunge any of these Rules is
reserved by the Royal Commission.

31. The Royal Commission, while taking every precaution for the protec
tion of articles in the buildings, cannot hold itself ee for their loss or
damage from whatsoever cause arising.

32. If any damage or injury shall be caused or ovchcieuad during the Exhibi-
tion by any exhibited machine, implement, or article to any visitor or other
person .or to any officer, servant, or others then and there employed by the
Roya Commission of the Colonial and Indian Exhibition, 1886, then the
Executive Commissioner in whose section such, machinery, implement, or
article may be placed shall indemnify and hold harmless the said Royal
Commission from and against all actions, suits, expenses, and claims on
account or in respect of any such damage or injury which may be so caused
or occasioned.

33. All communications should be addressed to the Secretary to the
Royal Commission, Exhibition Buildings, South Kensington, London, S.W.

WINES, SPIRITS, LIQUEURS, &c.

1, The Royal Commission will provide, free of charge, space in the base-
ment of the Royal Albert Hall (which building will form part of the Exhibition)
where colonial wines, &c., can be sampled by visitors.

2. The Royal Commission will only entertain applications for space from
Executive Commissioners, who are to be responsible to the Royal Commission
that all ex :dits are exclusively of British Colonial or of British Indian
produce,

3. Applications for space in this department must be made to the Executive
Conimissioner of the Colony to which the applicant belongs.

4: No Applications for space will be received by Executive Commissioners
after February 1st, 1886.

§. In no other portion of the Exhibition Buildings will Exhibitors be
permitted to sample alcoholic drinks.

6. As all wines, spirits, &c., for exhibition will, by permission of Her
Majesty’s Customs, be brought in under bond, it is strictly forbidden to sell
any portion of such exhibit, for delivery out of stock until after the close of
the Exhibition, when duty will have to be paid for all wines, &c. Duty will
also have to paid on all wines sold or given away for consumption on the
premises, Executive Commissioners are earnestly requested to assist the
Royal Commission in preventing any breach of this regulation.

7. Wines, &c., that remain at the close of the Exhibition must be removed
at the Exhibitor’s cost to a bonded store, or the duty must be paid within
seven days after the close of the Exhibition,

&) Regulations. Ixix

8. An Office for the registration of orders will be established by the Royal
Commission, and an experienced officer and cellarman will be specially
charged with the arrangements ; official order books will be provided by the
Executive Commissioners in which all orders will be entered with full
particulars of the transactions. The cxpenses in connection with this office
will be charged to the Executive Commissioners fro rafa on the amount of

space occupied by them.

9. Every sale must be notified at the Office and a return made daily to the
officer in charge, who will be forbidden to give information to any person,
except the Official Accountant of the Royal Commission, as to the business

transactions of the Exhibitors.

to, As space in the basement of the Royal Albert Hall can only be
granted to extend four feet from the walls, exhibits must be kept carefully
within these limits. The cellars will be opened to the public at 11 a.m. and
closed at 8 p.m. under the Customs’ lock. Samples can only be shown
between these hours.

11. Executive Commissioners may put locks on the taps and take any
precautions they consider necessary for the security of the goods, subject to
the approval of the Royal Commission.

12. All Fittings, Counters, &c., must be provided at the expense of the
Exhibitors and will be subject to the approval of the Royal Commission.

13. The Glasses used should be approved by the officer in charge.

14. Executive Commissioners are earnestly requested to use every pre-
caution to prevent the distribution of samples being a cause of disorder, and
they are most earnestly requested to forbid the supply of drink of any kind
to persons employed in the building by the Royal Commission or the
Executive Commissioners.

15. If any person be found in such a condition that he may be considered
by the police or a responsible official to be suffering from drink, the space
allotted where such person was last supplied with alcoholic drink will be with-
drawn from the control of the Exhibitor, so far as sampling is concerned.

16. The Royal Commission reserves to itself the right to close any exhibit
if it considers that irregularities are caused by the Exhibitor or his
Attendants.

17. In making an Application for space to exhibit in this Department,
intending exhibitors are particularly requested to carefully fill up the form
which is supplied to them for giving information as to the name of wines,
position of the vineyard, date of formation, and other particulars of a similar
character. The information so supplied will be published in the Special
Catalogue, and must also‘be displayed on the exhibit.

18, The Royal Commission reserves to itself the vight of altering or adding
to these regulations, ‘ ,

Ixx Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

NATIONAL TRAINING SCHOOL OF
COOKERY.

His Royal Highness the PRINCE OF WALES, Executive President of the
Royal Commission for the Colonial and Indian Exhibition, having accepted
the proposal made to His Royal Highness by the Council for the National
Training School of Cookery that the School should undertake, on behalf of the
Royal Commission, the management of the Dining Rooms devoted to the
purpose of bringing to public notice Colonial and Indian food products, the
ollowing Regulations for the realisation of this scheme have been issued.

1, Suitable Rooms for this purpose will be provided by the Royal
Commission at the Exhibition.

2. These Rooms will be managed by the National Training School of
Cookery, who will, as far as is possible, prepare the food.

3. The Colonial or Indian Executive Commissioners, who desire to
have their produce consumed in the Dining Room, should undertake to
keep ready for use an ample stock of the articles in which they are
interested.

4. The Executive Commissioners are requested to arrange for the
supply of Food Products and Wines to the School on the most liberal
terms.

5. The Colonial wines on sale will be supplied by the Executive
Commissioners of the Wine Producing Colonies. Payment will be made
to the Executive Commissioners weekly for the wines used. Wines, &c.,
remaining unsold at the close of the Exhibition, will be accounted for
and returned to the Executive Commissioners by the School.

6. A portion of wall space in the Dining Rooms will be available for
advertising Colonial produce and goods used in the Dining Room; a
charge of 20s. per square foot (in favour of the Funds of the School) will
be made for advertisements, which must be obtained through the
advertising Contractor to the Royal Commission.

7. The following arrangements with regard to prices are required to
be observed :—

(a.) A dinner at 6d. per head, to consist of a portion of hot meat or
fish, with bread and potatoes,

(4.) A dinner, at 15., of hot or cold meat, with a sweet and cheese,
(c.) A Room, to be known as the Colonial Hall, will be available for

Luncheons or Dinners of not less than 24 persons at one day’s
notice. When not so engaged, Dinners @ Ja Carte will be

served.
(d@.) Colonial or Indian Tea, : . 2a. per cup,
“ » Coffee . ° . ages
f ‘4 Chocolate . . Bh. |),
Cocoa» «4 6 wh

Regulations. Ixxi

PICTURE GALLERY
(Jn the Royal Albert Hait).

1, The following Pictures only can be admitted :—

a, Pictures of all kinds, painted by doné fide British Colonists.

6, Pictures representing views in the British Colonies, painted
by British subjects.

¢. Pictures representing subjects bearing on British Colonial
History, painted by British subjects.

te
:

All Pictures exhibited must be approved by the Executive Commissioners
of the respective Colonies, :

. The Royal Commission can accept no responsibility with regard to
receiving, unpacking, insuring or returning the pictures.

wo

4. All Pictures exhibited should be framed, and all water-colour drawings,
glazed. The frames should, as far as possible, be rectangular, as oval
or circular frames are inconvenient for purposes of arrangement.

5. Every Picture should have securely fastened to its back a label giving the
following information :—

a. The name of the Colony whence it is sent.
6. The name and address of the Artist.

¢. The Subject.

a. The Price, if for sale.

6. All Pictures should be delivered, at the Royal Albert Hall Entrance to the
Exhibition, by the 31s¢ March at the latest. The descriptions, forthe
Official Catalogue, should be forwarded to the Secretary to the Royal
Commission at the same time. Each description should bear a
distinctive number, which number should also appear on the label at
the back of the picture.

7. Every possible care will be taken of works sent for exhibition; but the
Royal Commission will not hold itself responsible in any case ,of
injury or loss,

Ixxii Colonial and Indian Exhibition.

PROTECTION OF PATENTS.

The following Letters and Certificates have been received from the
Board of Trade :~

BOARD OF TRADE,

12th Fanuary, 1886,
Sir, stig
Referring to your recent letter, asking, on behalf of the Royal Com-
mission for the Colonial and Indian Exhibition, for information as to the
protection that will be granted by this Department to Colonial Inventions to
be exhibited, I am directed by the Board of Trade to state that the only
protection that can be afforded to such Inventions is that prescribed by
Section 39 (copy herewith) of the Patents, &*c., Act, 1883.

Tt may, however, be suggested that the attention of the Colonial Commis.
stoners should be drawn to the question whether Colonists exhibiting
inventions unpatented in the Colonies might possibly deprive themselves of
the right to obtain patents in their respective Colonies.

I am, Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
(Signed) HENRY G. CALCRAFT,.
The Secretary, Royal Commission for the Colonial
and Indian Exhibition, South Kensington, S.W.

BOARD OF TRADE,

15th Fanuary, 1886,
Sir,
I am directed by the Board of Trade to acknowledge the receipt of
your letter of the 14th instant; and, in reply, to transmit, herewith, a
Certificate of this Board, as required by the Patents, Designs and Trade
Marks Act, 1883, in respect of the Colonial and Indian Exhibition to be
held this year at South Kensington.

I am at the same time to enclose copy of sections 39 and 57 of the
Patents, &¢., Act, and to draw attention to the steps that will have to be
taken by intending exhibitors who wish to avail themselves of the protection
afforded by these sections of the Act.

J am, Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
HENRY G. CALCRAFT,
Sir Philip Cunliffe-Owen, K.C.M.G., Royal Commission
for the Colonial and Indian Exhibition (London,
1886), South Kensington, S.W. ;

‘PATENTS, DESIGNS AND TRADE MARKS ACT, 1883.
Upon the application of Sir Phitip Cunliffe-Owen, K.C.M.G., &c. &c., of

—

Protection of Patents. Ixxiii

tat)

South Kensington, made to the Board of Trade, on the fourteenth day of
January, 1886, the Board of Trade do hereby certify that the Colonial and
Indian Exhibition proposed to be held in the year 1886, at South Kensington,
in the county of Middlesex, is an Industrial Exhibition.

Signed by order of the Board of Trade, this fifteenth day of January, 1886.

Part II.
PATENTS.

Exhibition at
dustrial or

international

exhibition not

to prejudice
patent rights,

Exhibition at
industrial

or
intern.cional
exhibition not
to prevent or
invalidate
registration.

a: HENRY G. CALCRAFT,
» © Assistant Secretary, Board of Trade.

PATENTS, DESIGNS AND TRADE MARKS ACT, 1883.

9. The exhibition of an invention at an industrial or international
exhibition, certified as such by the Board of Trade, or the publication
of any description of the invention during the period of the holding of
the exhibition, or the use of the inventicn for the purpose of the
exhibition in the place where the exhibition is held, cr the use of the
invention during the period of the holding of the exhibition by an
person elsewhere without the privity or consent of the inventor, shall
not prejudice the right of the inventor or his legal personal representa-
tive to apply for and obtain provisional prince and a patent in
respect of the invention, or the validity of any patent granted on the
application, provided that both the following conditions are complied
wit > viz. —

(a) The exhibitor must, before exhibiting the invention, give
the Comptroller the prescribed notice of his intention
to do so; and

(4) The application for a patent must be made before or
within six months frum the date of the opening of the
exhibition.

The notice referred to appl must be sade upon Form O of the
Patents Rul: ; and the application for a. Patent (b) which may
be made either before the Exhibition is oft. or subsequently, but
not after 6 months from the date of the opening upon Forms A
and B or A and C of the same Rules,

57. The Exhibition at an industrial or international exhibition,
certified as such by the Board of Trade, or the exhibition elsewhere
during the period of the holding of the exhibition, without the privity
or consent of the proprietor, of a design, or of any article to which a
design is applied, or the publication, during the holding of any such
exhibition, of a description of a design, shall not prevent the design
from being registered, or invalidate the registration thereof, provided
that both the following conditions are complied with, viz. :—-

(a.) The exhibitor must, before exhibiting the design or
article, or publishing a description of the design, give
the Comptroller the prescribed notice of his intention
to do so; and

(4) The application for registration, must be made before or
within six months from the date of the opening of the
exhibition.

The notice referred to in (a) must be made upon Form L of the
Designs Rules ; and the agplnetes Jor a Design (6) which may
be made either before the Exhibition is open ped «Mew ae but
maneiee 6 mantte itew the date of the opening upon Form E of

Ixxiv Colonial View in Entrance Hall.

The plaster cast in tlie*Entranico Hall i is‘ that of the Statue i in Bombay of
Apert Qpwarv, Parxce or Waters, K,G., G.C.S.1., in commemoration of the
visit of his Royal Highness to India,” 1875-76. Sir Albert Sassoon, C.S.1., Kt.,
presented this statue to his fellow-townsmen of the Royal City of Bombay.

_ COLONIAL VIEWS EN. ENTRANCE HALL.

NEW SOUTH WALES.
Wynyard Square, Sydney. a
Sydney Harbour.
VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.
View of Melbourne in 1839. Founded 1835.
View of the Capital Melbourne in 1886. Population, 325,000.

SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
Adelaide. Founded 1839.

Adelaide. View (from Victoria Square) of Post Office, Lands’ Office, and 'Town Hall.

QUEENSLAND.
View of the site of Brisbane in 1839. Founded 1859.
View of Brisbane in 1886. |

View of Perth.

¢
Middle Island, Milford Sound, Western Fiords.
North Island, the Pink Terrace, Lake Rotomahana,

NATAL.
View of the Town of Durban, the Bluff and Lighthouse, Population, 418,700.

CEYLON,
View in Kandy, the mountain capital of Ceylon, showing the Temple of the Sacred Tooth.

CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

The Graving Dock, Cape Town. Length on Keel Blocks, 600 feet. Population, including
Natives, 1,350,000.

DOMINION OF CANADA.
Province of Quebec, City of Montreal. Population, 173,000.
Province of Ontario, City of Toronto. Population, 125,000.
Province of Quebec, City of Quebec. Population, 65,000,
Province of Nova Scotia, City of Halifax. Population, 40,000.
Province of Ontario, City of Ottawa. Population, 31,000.
Province of New Brunswick, City of Saint John. Population, 30,000.
Province of Manitoba, City of Winnipeg. Population, 25,000.

| Province of British Colnmbia, City of Victoria. Population, 9,000.

ee A

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i

SHIP MODELS IN ENTRANCE HALL.

PENINSULAR AND ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY.

Tue Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company exhibit the following Models, also
Paintings and Photographs representing their fleet of fifty-one full-powered Ocean Steamers,
employed in carrying the Mails and Passengers to India, China, and Australia :— ..

Case 1,—A full-rigged Model of ss. “ Massilia,” as a type of some of the latest additions
to the Company’s fleet, Length, 420 ft.; breadth, 45 ft.; depth, 37 ft. Tonnage, 4908, Horso-
power, 5000. This vessel and the “Rosetta” wera recently chartered and fitted up by Her
Majeaty’s Government, and employed as armed cruisers for Colonial Defence.

Casz 2.—Half models, representative of three other Classes of the Company’s vessels :—

alle — og
Rome and Carthage . ° e 430 44 86 5013 5000
Tasmania and Chusan . - 400 45 31 6 4488 4200
Ganges and Sutlej « « 890 42 35 4196 4500
Clyde ‘ 890 42 85 4124 4500

Case’ 8.—Full Model of & 88. “ Poonah. ” Length, 395 ft.; breadth, 41 ft. 8 in. ; depth, 30 ft,
Tonnage, 3130. Horse-power, 2600. This vessel has beon and is now employed by Her
Majesty’s Government as a transport.

Case 4.—Full Model of as. “Teheran” and “Thibet.” Length, 360 ft.; breadth, 86 ft.;
depth, 29 ft. Tonnage, 2598. Horse-power, 2000. This Model is a type of the small class of
vessels in the Company’s fleet.

The Pictures and Photographs are portraits of the Company's carliest and latest steamships.

ROYAL MAIL STEAM PACKET COMPANY.
Roya, Maw Streamer “Ortnoco.”

' Built of steel by Messrs. Caird & Co., Greenock; not yet lay ynehed. Length 890 ft. on
21 ft. foot-line; 417 ft. overall; extreme breadth 45 ft.; depth 33 “it 4 in.; about 4000 tons,
Deck-houses with smoking room, officers’ cabins, and ‘handsome staircases from companions ;
three masts, foremost square rigged; triple expansion; three cylinders; dimension of
cylinders, 42 ins., 62 ins., and 96 ins.; length of stroke 66 ins.; about 5000 indicated horse-
power ; speed 16 knots; eight boilers; twenty-four furnaces; steam pressure 150 lbs; about
1650 tons cargo. Accommodation for 240 first-class, 28 second-class, and 30 third-class pas-
sengers. Commander, 5 officers, surgeon, purser, and assistant purser, 6 engineers, 1 boiler maker,
and 100 crew. Mail service.

This vessel will be fitted throughout with the electric light. Her life-boats and steam launch
will be on davits, worked by screws, whereby they can be put out and lowered in a few
seconds. She will have steam steering gear, windlass, and cargo winches of the newest
description. Cabins will be fitted with spring beds. There will be bath-rooms in large
numbers, with hot and cold water; and all modern appliances generally, for the comfort of
the passengers, will be fitted.

The Royal Mail Steam Packet Co, for whom the “Orinoco” is being constructed, was incor-
porated by Royal Charter in 1839, and is engaged in conveying the mails under contract with
Her Majesty’s Government, to the West Indies, Brazil, and the River Plate.

UNION STEAM SHIP COMPANY.

Royat Maw Sreamer “ Katkoura.”

Dimensions.—Length 12 ft., widtb 4 ft., height 7 ft. ;
List of Details.—Built of steel by John Elder & Co.; engines by John Elder & Co.; launched
October, 1884; length 430 ft,; breadth 46 ft.; depth 32 ft.; registered tonnage 2885 tons;

lxxvi Ship Models in Entrance Hall.

barque rigged; fitted with compound inverted engines; two cylinders; length of stroke 57 ins. ;
$000 horse power; speed 14 knots; three boilers; 18 furnaces; steam pressure 110 lbs. ;
accommodation for 160 first and second-class, and 300 third-class passengers ; capacity for carry-
ing 3000 tons cargo; number of officers and crew 120. London to New Zealand, calling at
Madeira and Cape of Good Hope; New Zealand to London, calling at Rio de Janeiro,

The Royal Mail Steamer “ Kaikoura,” and sister steamers, forming the New Zealand Shipping
Co.’s Line, are all fitted most luxuriously for passengers. They are lighted with the electric
light, and have spacious deck state-rooms, smoking and bath-rooms, promenade and shelter
decks. They are also fitted with refrigerating chambers to carry frozen meat as cargo and
fresh provisions for the entire voyage.

In 1884 the Colonial Government entered into a contract with the New Zealand Shipping
Co. for the carriage of mails every fuur weeks, alternately with the California service. By this
contract the tiiae is limited to 45 days out and 42 days home, the passages being usually
accomplished in about 40 days out and 36 days home.

“Mararoa” anno “No. 306.”

Steamship “Mararoa,” built of steel in 1885 by Messrs. Wm. Denny & Bros., Dumbarton, for
thy, Union Steamship Company of New Zealand, Limited, and now employed in the mail and
yassenger service between Dunedin, Sydney, and San Francisco. She is 320 ft. long, between the
perpendiculars 42 ft. broad, and 26 ft. depth moulded, and registers 2466 tons gross. Her
bottom is constructed on the cellular principle for water ballast, and her hull is subdivided by
water-tight bulkheads into six separate compartments. She has upper, main, lower, promenade,
and roof decks; the upper deck being plated with steel-throughout, and the main deck and
promenade deck for 120 ft. of their length. She has accommodation for 145 first-class and for
110 second-class passengers in large and elegant saloons and in state roms fitted with every
convenience. Accommodation is provided for 38 seamen and firemen and 20 officers, engineers
and stewards. She is fitted throughout with the electric light, and with hydraulic in place of
steam appliances for steering, and for working cargo, anchor, boats, &c., on the system introduced
by Messrs. Brown, Bros. & Co., of Edinburgh. The vessel is fitted with direct-acting surface
condensing engines on the triple expansion principle by Messrs. Denny & Co., Dumbarton.
They have three cylinders, 31 ins., 51 ins., snd 84 ins. diameter; each with a stroke of 4 ft. 6 ins.
steam, at a working pressur. of 160 lbs. per square inch, is supplied frm two cylindrical double-
ended and two single-ended tubular boilers of steel, having twelve corrugated furnaces in all.
The “ Mararoa” on trial indicated 3500 horse-power, and steamed at a mean speed of 153 knots
per hour.

8.8. “No. 806,” built of steel by Messrs. William Denny & Bros. Dumbarton, to class
H1* in red with the Liverpool Underwriters’ Registry, and launched from their works in March
of the present year. Length between perpendiculars 410 ft., breadth moulded 48 ft., depth
moulded 22 ft., tonnage gross register about 5200 tons. Vessel has three complete decks, the
upper and main decks being plated with steel throughout their entire length, and a citadel
deck amidships also laid with steel. Veesel has six watertight bulkheads to upper deck, and
her construction meets the requirements of the Admiralty for vessels eligible for employment
in times of war. She is fitted throughout with the electric light, and with hydraulic in place
of steam appliances for steering, working cargo, anchors, &c., on the system introduced by
Messrs, Brown, Bros. & Co., Edinburgh. Accommodation is provided for 87 first-class and 30
second-class passengers, and for officers, engineers, petty officers, and stewards to the number of
26 ; berths are provided for a crew of 47 seamen «.*d 27 firemen.

The vessel is fitted with Brook’s patent quadruple expansion engines by Messrs. Denny &
Co., Dumbarton, having four cylinders 30 in., 42 ins., $0 ins. and 84 ins. in diameter, all
with a stroxe of 5 ft. The vessel and machinery are designed for » mean sea speed of 124 knots.

Sreamsuip “ Moor.”
List of Detail:.—Built of iron by J. & G. Thomson, Clyde Bank Foundry, Glasgow ; engine
by J. & G. Thomson ; launched 23rd December, 1881; lenytn 865 ft. 8 ins.; breadth 46 ft. 1 in.;
28 ft. 9 ins.; 3687 47 gross tonnage, 2352°30 net; spar deck with forecastle 45 ft., and
hurricane deck 150 ft.; \...-e masts, echooner rig, no yards or equare sails; com}ound surface

Ship Models in Entrance Hall. ixxvii

condensing engine; two cylinders, 51 ins. and 90 ins, diameter; length of stroke 60 ins.; 4300
horse power ; speed 15-191 knots ; 6 boilers; 18 furnaces; w srking pressure 85 lbs. per sq. in.;
2000 tons cargo. Accommodation for 134 first-class, 72 second-class, and 108 third-class
passengers. Commander, 4 officers, surgeon, 5 engineers, and 81 crew.

The “ Moor” is employed in the Union Steamship Company’s Mail Service between England
and the Cape of Good Hope and Natal. The route is from Southampton to Plymouth, where
mails are embarked to Cape Town calling at Madcira, also at St. Helena at stated intervals.
At Cape Town the mails are landed and the Natal mails transhipped to an Intercolonial steamer.

The “Moor” then goes on to Port Elizabeth and East London to land and ship cargo, retmn-
ing to Cape Town to receive homeward Natal and Cape Mails in her proper turn, which are
conveyed to Plymouth, the ship calling at Madeira, also at St. Helena or Aseension as the case
may be. The voyage ends at Southampton.

The “Moor” has made the fastest voyages between between Plymouth and Cape Town, and
vice versd. The outward voyage having been made in 18 days 10 hours, and the homeward
voyage in 17 days 21 hours, net steaming time, after deducting stoppages in each case.

Owing to her great speed, the “ Moor” was chartered by the Government in April last year
(1885) to act as an armed cruiser for the defence of the Cape Colony, was supplied with an arma-
ment of 6 guns, and a crew of 110 officers and men, principally members of the Royal Naval
Reserve, and was the only merchant vessel which actually hoisted the pennant or was commis-
sioned under the command of a naval officer.

The “Moor” was taken on a cruise up the east coast of Africa under the orders of Rear-
Admiral] Sir W. J. Hunt Grubbe, K.C.B., the Commander-in-chief on the South African Station.

CASTLE MAIL PACKET COMPANY.
CastLE OceaN Mat Steamsurp “ Rosiin Caste.”

Built of iron by Messrs. Barclay, Curle & Co., of Glasgow, in 1883. Length, 380 ft.; breadth,
48 ft. 3 in.; depth ia hold, 31 ft. 4 in.; tonnage, 1280 gross, and 2476 nett. The vessel has
three decks with a forecastle, bridge, and cabin house; is rigged as a brig with iron lower
ihasts and yards, and carries 10 boats of large capacity.

The engines are of the direct acting vertical compound type, constructed by Messrs.
Barclay, Curle & Co., of Glasgow, with two cylinders, 50 inches and 90 inches diameter
respectively, and 60 inches stroke indicating 2800 horse-power, and steaming at the rate of
13} know. per hour; there are three steel boilers and 9 patent corrugated furnaces, with a
working pressure of steam of 80 Ibs. per square inch.

The vessel carries 3000 tons of cargo and fuel for 25 days’ steaming at full speed.

The mai ueck is entirely devoted to passenger accommodation, having capacious, handsomely
decorated end furnished dining, smoking and retiring saloons. Also commodious sleeping
apartments for 825 passengers, divided into Ist, 2nd, and 3rd classes; each class having kitchens,
pantries, baths and lavatories, &c., all provided with a continuous water supply. Fresh food is
always available by means of a freezing chamber and refrigerating engine. Electric lighting
is also provided by u separate engine an? dynamo machine. Independent steam engines
being carried for the pumps, the steering gear, the windlass, and cargo winches, &c, &e.

The officers, engineers, crew, and servants, number about 100, and are all suitably berthed
in accordance with their rank. The doctor, the parson, stewards, and stewardesses being con-
tinually in attendance on the passengers.

he voyage from London to Cape Town, Africa, calling at Dartmouth for the mails, and
alternately at Lisbon, Maeira, St. Helena and Ascension, is generally performed in 21 days,
passing through delightful climate and experiencing beautiful weather at Cape ‘Town. Passen-
gers and mails are transhipped into the coastal steamers of the company for Algoa Bay, Natal,
Mozambique, and the Kast African ports, also for Mauritius and Madagascar.

(xxviii )

COMPLIMENTARY LIST.

Tue Royat Commission is indebted to the following firms for Special Services rendered.

ANGLO - AMBRICAN
ELECTRIC LIGHT CORPORATION,
Limited (THE), Lambeth, 8.E., have

carried out by means of their apparatus the
Electric Lighting of the North, Middle, and
South Courts, the Cheap Dining Rooms, the
School of Cookery, East Arcade, East Gallery

and East Annexes, Chinese Pavilion, Orchid
House, South Promenade oe masts), Colonial
Markets, Duval Dining mand Main En-
trance. Arc lamps of 2000 C.P. nomina! euch
are in use for this purpose, the lamps oeing
placed on six conducting circuits, supplied
with electricity by Brush - dynamo electric
machines. Of these there are eight, four of
which are capable of supplying—on a single
circuit of wire, extending if necessary over a
distance of several miles—35 arc lamps of the
above-mentioned power, while four of a slightly
smaller pattern are in readiness to supply 25
such lamps each, in a similar manner if desired.
The lighting of the Gardens is also partially
effected by means of apparatus supplied by
this Corporation, for which its “ Victoria
rea and lamps are employed. These

ictoria incandescence lamps are capable of
giving a light equal in brilliancy to five candles
each, while each of the two Victoria dynamos
supplied is capable of maintaining 2500 of such
amps.

BENHAM & SONS, Wigmore Street,
YV., have supplied and erected in the Council
. 00m (1) An Electro Bronzed Edwards Smoke
Consuming Slow Combustion Grate, with hand-

inted China tile panels. (2) A Carved

alnut Wood Chimney-piece, with overmaatels
and silvered glass panels (8) An Encaustic
Tile Hearth. (4) A Black ble Fender.
Also in the Secretary's Office (5) Edwards
Smoke Consuming Slow Combustion Grate,
A Marble Chimneypiece. (7) Fender.
8) Encaustic Tile H . Also in two other
offices (8) Two Improved Office Stoves on
Tile Hearths.

ton.—The Colonial Wines are stored in the
East and West Vaults under the Royal Albert
Hall and in the Colonial Hall Bars in Iron
Bins, manufactured and —— by him.
They are of several different the larger
quantities being stored in what are known

BRUSH -|as the Wrought Iron Bins with movable

shelves, affording great economy of space. The
wine is binned with the lath iz the usual way.
The sides of the Vaults are fitted with the
French Pattern Bins, both single and double tier,
also the Cellular Pattern, some being made with
doors to lock up. The great advantage of these
bins is that a bottle can be taken from any Psa
of the bin without disturbing the rest. y
are also very portable, as they can be folded np
for transit to any part of the world.

BOYD, D. O., 19 Maddox Streot, W.
-—Boyd’s Stove, fixed in the Surveyor’s Office,
is simply an adaptation of his Hygiastic Venti-
lating Grate. The Stove illustrates the Hy-
giastic principle only, without any attempt at
ornament.

BREW & CLARIS, 54 Finsbury
Pavement, B.C.—No. 5. Reception Room.—
Suite in Old Mahogany, consisting of Settee,
Two Arm Chairs, Six Small Chairs covered in
leather, Wall Mirror, Cabinet, One Table, One
Writing Table, One Writing Chair, tapeeey
Curtains, Axminster Carpet, “all old eal
in style.” No. 6. Clerka’ Office.—One Writing
Table, Two Desk Slopes, Six Wood _ Seat
Chairs, Two Writing Chairs, Cocoa Matting.
No. 7. Exchange Itoom.—One Centre Carved
Oak Table, Eight Leather-covered Chairs (en
suite), Four Assorted Easy Chairs, One Oak
ceo Tapestry Window Curtains, Axminster

rpet.

CAMERON, JOHN, Oldfield Road
Iron Works, Manchester, has placed at
the disposal of the Royal Commission one of
his High Speed Quadruple Vertical Steam Fire
Pumps, for use should necessity require. The

ump, Which is fixed in the Electric Light Shed,

as two 10 in. steam cylinders, working a pair
of 6 in. double-acting pistons in brass-lined
pump; it will start in any position. The pump
occupies a small floor area in proportion to its
power, the columns of the main frame being
used as air vessels, The working speed is
revolutions per minute, and will disc!
40,000 gallons of water an hour (with the
available steam pressure), or four 1 in, jets can
be thrown 90 ft. high at a considerable distance
from the pump,

Se
Complimentary List.

CHUBB & SON’S LOCK AND SAFE
CO., Limited (Makers to the Queen),
128 Quesn Victoria Street, London;
also Liverpool, Manchester, Wolver-
hampton, Glasgow, &c.—His Royal Highs
ness the Prince of Wales (Executive President)
has been pleased to appoint Messrs. Chubb as
the Makers of Strong Rooms, Safes and Locks,
to the Royal Commission. (1) Patent Fire and
Thief-Resisting Strong Rooms,— Used by the
Indian. Executive Staff for securing the most
valuable of the native exhibits; also by the
Executive Commissioners for the Cape, Aus-
tralian and other Colonies. Special features
of Chubb’s Sicel Strong Rooms are their porta-
bility; the saving of space from their walls
being so much thinner than masonry walls for
equivalent protection from fire; and their su-
perior thief-resisting qualities to any other form
of strong room. (2) Patent Steel Safes.—These,
of various qualities —“ New Patent,” “Steel
Door,” “Bankers,” and “ Engineer”—are in
use in the various Official Departments of the
Exhibition; also are solely used by the Com-
missioners for the following Colonial Sections:
~-Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, Cape
of Good Hope, Natal, Cezlon, Hong Kong,
West Afriva Settlements, Gold Coast, Malta,
Cyprus, &c. (8) Locks.—After comparison with
other locks, Chubb’s New Patent Push and Pull
Locks were selected by the Executive for use
throughout the offices and buildings of this
Exhibition. In all 400 locks have been made
for these doors, in eight series or “suites,” all
differing, but with master keys for each series
or “suite,” and grand master keys that will open
any of the 400 doors. The locks upon the outside
doors of the various buildings are fitted with
Chubb’s Push, Pull, or Turn Locks, which
enable the handles to be used with either the
old twist movement, or the new push or pull, or
with both combined. (4) Chubb’s Museum Locks
are also in use in large numbers for the various
show cases in the Indian and other Courts.

BUNNETT, & CO.,
Limited, Rathbone Place, W., have
supplied and fitted lifts to the Staff Dining
Rooms, the Committee Rooms, and the Prince of
Wal2s’s private rooms. These lifts are fitted
wif a novel arrangement of friction roller gear,
waich renders them practically noiseless in work-
isg. The Queen’s Gate Entrance is closed with
one of this firm’s Patent Noiseless Self-Coiling
Stee.’ Shutters,

COALBROOKDALE CO., Limited,
Victoria Embankment, Blackfriars
Bridge, B.C,, as on the occasion of the pre-
ceding Exhibitions, have contributed to the
ornamentation of the Grounds by the loan of
sundry Fountains, Vases, dy cy &c., and to
the comfort of the Visitors by the loan of a
large number of their Ornamental Cast-iron
Seats, The Fountains in the New Zealand
and Queensland Courts are also lent by this

Company,

Ixxix

=e See) | SRS

———
=

———)

os
=

Master Key To THe Exuinition, controllin
peasy Doe Chubb’s New Patent Push an
Pull ks, affixed to the Exhibition doors,--
made by Messrs, Chubb & Sons, and presented
to Her Majesty the Quen, at the opening
ceremony.

CONOLLY, HENRY, & Co., Hamp-
stead Road, Drummond Street, and
Tolmers Square, London, have designed
and carried out the Stained Glass Windows
and roof of the Council Chamber, which are
in the Renaisenai.ce manner, also Windows and
Fanlights of the Indian Palace, which are of the
early Indian Period, Antique brags chandeliers
and brackets are fixed in the various offices and
club rooms belonging to the Exhibition, and
have been specially designed for that purpose.

Ixx% Sui

Complimentary List.

COOPER & HOLT, 48, 40, & 50

Bunhill Row, E.C., have, with the approval.| the

of His Royal Highness the Executive President,
fitid up the suite of rooms on the _first
floor of the “Old London” Buildings (on the
right of entry through the old gateway) with
Furniture, Fireplaces, and Decorations for the
uze of the Executive Commissioners for the
Colonies and India,.as well as those for the use
of the Colonial Office, the India Office, and the
Crown Agents for the Colonies. N.B.— The
whole of the above fittings, &c., will be for sale
at the close of the Exhibition.

CROMPTON, BR..E., & CO., Electric
Light En and Contractors,
Chelmsford é& London, have supplied 140
Are Lamps, which have been used for illumi-
nating the following Courts:—East Quadrant,
6; Conservatory, 14; East Refreshment
Pavilion, 5; North Central Annexe, 4;
Central Gallery, 23; West Central Galleries,
18; Central Annexe, 9; East Central Galleries,
- 20; South Central Galleries, 22; Gardens, 10;
Old London Street, 2; Indian Palace, 7. The
lamps are each provided with double carbons
for sixteen hours’ burning. They are steady
in action, and very simple in construction.

Messrs. Crompton have also supplied twelve
dynamo machines, which are fixed in the
Electric Light Shed for supplying current to the
above lamps.

3HWOOD, ARTHUR, & CO.,
In. .d, Sycamore Horticultural
Works, Wimbledon.—The small ornamen-
tal roof covering the porch at the Queen’s Gate
Entrance has been erected by this Company,
who are the Contractors for the Conservatories
attached to the following Courts, viz. the Cape
of Good Hope (adjoining it), Queensland, Vic-
toria, and New South Wales. This roof is con-
structed on their imperishable shutter-bar system
of glazing.

DAVEY, PAXMAN, & CO., Engi-
neers, Colchester. — The steam power
provided by this firm for the present Exhibi-
tion amounts to 1200 horse-power, and is
supplied as follows :—No. 1 engine is a Com-

d Semi-Fixed Engine placed beneath the
Poiler, and capable of developing 120 horse-
wer. The two | engines, Nos. 2 and
are of the Coupled Horizontal High Pressure
type, and capable of developing 700 horse-
wer if required. Fixed between these are
a Compound Engines, Nos. 3, 4, and 5,
No. 3 being of the Coupled Compound Girder
system, whilst Nes. 4 and 5 are of the Horizontal
Compound Receiver type. Nos. 7 und 8 engines
are new Vertical Compound quick speed
engines, which can be employed for driving
dynamos either direct or otherwise. All the above
engines are provided with Paxman’s Patent
Automatic Cut-off Gear, worked cirect from
steady and
this system

the governors so as to ensure Vv
even running. The advantage

is that only just sufficient steam required for

duty is admitted to the cylinder at each
stroke of the piston. Steam is supplied to the
Semi-Fixed Engine by its own boiler, while that
for the remaining engines is generated in eleven
steel boilers of the Locomotive type, each having
610 sq. ft. of heating surface, and working at
1201bs. steam pressure. The fireboxes are of
Davey, Paxman & Co.’s improved mild steel,
which has given such excellent results. Above
the boilers is placed a wrought-iron receiver, so
as to ensure perfectly dry steam. In addition to
the above the firm has supplied to the Queens-
land Commission an 8 HP. Horizontal Engine
fitted with Paxman’s Automatic Expansion
Gear, for working Gold Stamps; also to the
South African Commission a Paxman & Allen’s
Patent Machine for Extracting from the soil
Diamonds and other precious stones, together
with a 4 HP. Standard Vertical Engine for
driving the machine. All the boilers and
Pipes mentioned above are covered with Bell's
as

tos non-conducting material.
DECAUVILLE, Petit Bo France
echnical Agent, L. DEC. 7 Idol

ane, E.C,), have laid the 16-inch tramway
with 9 ft, rails, running from the Aquarium
steps to the Boiler House.

DICK RADCLYFFE & CoO., 128 &
129 High Holborn, W.C., have supplied
the following :—(1) Rockwork in the Great
Fountain Basin. (2) Robinson Crusce Cave,
West Indies. (3) kwork at entrance to
Malta. (4) Aviaries, New South Wales. (65)
Aviary and -Fountain - Conservatory, Queens-
land. (6) Shell-fountain and Garden Decora-
tion, Queensland. (7) Fountains, New South
Wales Conservatory. (8) Fern Gulley, Vic-
torian Conservatory. (9) Native Huts and
Natural History Specimen, Victoria. (10)
Fernery and Caverns, New Zealand Conser-

vatory. (11) Turtle Tanks and other tanks,
heated b hieweiel pipes, new principle,
National Fish Culture Association. (1) Turtle

Hatching-house with bevel and Conservatory,
also Rockwork at Entrance to National F
Culture Association.

DOULYON & CO., Lambeth Pottery,
Albert Embankment, London, 8.B, —
The decoration of the wall of the entrance hall
in the Exhibition Road is by panels in Impasto
ware, and forms an entirely new departure in
ceramics. The paintings are executed in coloured
clays, which become incorporated with the body
of the material in the subsequent firing and

lazing. These panels are formed of siabs of
arge size, and the joints follow the leading lines
of the design as in stained glass, thus avoiding
the unsightly —_" jointing which is a neces-
sity of ordinary tile panels, The subjects of
the decoration are as follows: Two panels with
a broadly decorative treatment o:

eagles, suggested by Eastern art; two
Pilaster panels of Indian eaign; and three !u-

COLONIAL AN

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Complimentary List. Ixxxi

nette panels with appropriate border and span- | Vestibules, Indian Court, Old London, Upper’
drills, representing in oor subjects, England Tea Gardens, Ceylon Tea Rooms, &o, ~

in her manufactures, Australia in her agricu:-
and India in her pottery; the whole being| BLBCTRICAL POWER STORAGE
in rich tones of colour. Eastern Fountain in CO., 4 Great Winchester Street, B.C.—
Durbar Hall: This fountain is in Lambeth Secondary Batteries. There are three separate
and distinct sets of Accumulators used in con-

faience, and is a facsimile both in colour and
nection with the incandescent Lighting of part

design of an old fountain in the Mogul style,
parlolar of which have been kindly supplied | of the Exhibition. The first of these is situated
© in the quadrant under the dining-rooms, and

. Purdon Clarke, Esq. Fountain in Doulton
‘are in West India Court: This novel design supplies about 350 lights forthe lighting of the
by Mr. George Tinworth introduces various | Quadrant Dining Rooms and Refreshment
Rooms. The cells are manufactured by the
above firm, and contain thirty-one of their L
type plates. Each cell discharges at a normal
rate of sixty amperes at an electromotive force
of two volts, and they are coupled three or
more in setggy so as to give the current
required from each battery. In the Quadrant
Battery there are in all 220 cells, capable
of giving 120 Volts by 240 amptres at normal
rate of Slebhaegs. In the battery used for the
lighting of the Chinese Pavilion, and situated
outside in a shed built for the purpose, there are
165 cells for about 260 lights. The third bat-
tery supplies about 350 lights in the subway and
offices, and consists of a total of 220 cells, At
the normal rate of discharge, these cells will,
if required, supply the lights for upwards of
ten hours, but as a general rule they are not
called upon to supply more than four hours
lighting in one evening. The accumulators are
all charged in the daytime from the Edison
Hopkinson and Elwell, Parker & Co.'s Dynamos
in the machiuery room.

nels, each illustrative of a text of Scripture
ving reference to water. The material of which
t is composed is impervious to atmospheric
nd all other influences, and permanently
tains its brilliancy of colour. Two Tea Houses
n garden adjoining Durbar Hall: The faience
ecoration to houses consists of columns and
pandrils to arch openings, panels to friezes
nd pilasters, string courses, galleries, &c., the
ainting executed in rich tones of colour cha-
teristic of Eastern art; the Indian carvers
umma and Mohammed Baksh having supplied
odels for all the ornamental work; the plan
f the whole is by C. Purdon Clarke, Esq. ‘This
rm has also supplied the whole of the sanitar
nd lavatory arrangements and fittings to H.R.H.
lie Prince of Wales’s apartments, to board room,
offices throughout the Exhibition buildings,
nd for the use of the native Indian workmen

ps at main entrance in Central Gallery and
ight of steps adjoining Old London, &c., &e.

BLWELL-PARKER, Limited, Wol-
verhampton, — Improved two-pole Electro
Dynamo Machine, or motor; giving about twelve
horse-power on the break, at 600 revolutions ;
shunt-wound and self-regulating within 5 per
cent. under varying loads; commercial efficiency
; f Visi 90 per cent. This Motor isdriving the Diamond
Hor the convenience of Visitors Messrs. | Cutting Miils of Messrs. Ford und Wright in
wney have erected M Studio in the grounds | ¢he South African Section, and takes its current
the entrance of the Maltese Court, which will) from an Elwell-Parker Dynamo in the ma-
pgp daily. Applications should be made | ¢hinery department. The Motor is of similar
the stalls in the > ea Arcade, Queens: | sonstruction to the large dynamos lighting the
d, or No. 1 Old London. gardens, with two poles only instead of four.

DOWNEY, W. & D., 61 Hbury
treet, 8.W., in conjunction with the
OODBURY COMPANY, 157 Great
ortland Street, W., have been appointed

cial Photographers to the Royal Commis-

EDISON, SWAN, & GENERAL
ELECTRIC LIGHT CO.,
mited, 57 Holborn Viaduct, E.C.,

ly the Current for the Incandescent Lamps
hin the Building by eight Dynamo Machines,
: Four Edison-Hopkioson shunt wound
namos each fur 550 16-candle power 105-Volt
ps at 750 revolutions; two similar machines
h for 800 lamps of the same candle power at

revoluti: ns; also two of the same machines
h for 250 16-candle power 55-Volt lamps at

revolutions, Ail these machines have a
mercial efficiency of from 92 to 94 per cent.
following parts of the Building are lighted
the Edison & Swan Incandescout Lamp :—
th Dining Rooms, Subway and Offices,

EXCHANGE TELEGRAPH COoO.,
LIMITED, 17, & 18 Cornhill, B.C.—The
apparatus placed at intervals throughout the
Exhibition for Electrically conveying an alarm
of Fire to the Fire Brigade, and indicating at
the same time tie position from which the
alarm is given, are the Davies & Higgins’
Sysiem of the Exchanze Telegraph Co., and
are similar to tho-o used for the same purpose
hy the Metropolitan Fire Brigade,

GAINSFORD & CO., 161-7 Borough,
8.8.—This firm have placed at the disposal
of the Royal Commission the Furniture, Car-
pets and Accessories (specially designed) tor the

Ixxxii

room set apart for H.R.H. the Prince of Wales,
K.G.; the Lngy hogy A the a a
ception Room, the a Offices, ress
Rooms and the General Offices.

GALLOWAY, W. & J., & SONS,
Knott Mill Iron Works, ‘Manchester,
have furnished four of their well known Gal-
loway Boilers made entireiy of steel plates,
ca able of giving sufficient steam fur 800
indicated horse-power. Also one of their patent
Twin Compound Engines of 120 indicated
horse power, having cylinders 14 in. and 24
in. diameter, by 2 ft, 6 in, stroke. This
Engine, together with all the necessary gearing,
is at work in the Canadian Machinery Court.
Messrs. Galloway have also executed the whole
of the work in connection with the illumination
of the Gardens and Fountain display ; this in-
stallation includes three of their Prtent Com-
pound Engines, specially constructed for running
at high speed and for driving dynamos, bein
massive in design and generally of substant
character so as to insure great durability.
These Engines are ong four Elwell-Parkers
4-pole 50 unit (nominal) Horizonal Dyna-
mos, and two Anglo-American Brash 3,
6-pole pattern compound wound dynamos, these
six dynamos providing electric current for
10,000 incandescent lamps, which are fixed
on various parts of the buildings and grounds,
and also for the are lights, a number of which
are placed on two wrought-iron masts erected
in the gardens, and which have also been con-
tributed vy Messrs. Galloway; the remaining
are lights are used for illuminating the foun-
tains with various coloured lights.

GILLETT & CO., White Horse Road,
Croydon.—In Church Tower of “Old Lon-
don,” a Turret Clock of highest finish, and
all latest improvements, striking hours on a
half-ton bell, also chiming the quarter hours
on eight other bells. A peal of eleven bells,
weighing together about 3 tons, the largest,
12cwt. A patent Carillon-Machine, playing a
variety of tunes automatically at stated times,
the machine being let-off by the clock, and
only requiring to be wound up cccasionally.
An “ Ellacombe” Chiming Apperatus fitted
up on one side of the Tower for playing tunes
or changes on the bells by hand.

GILLOW & CO., Decorators .o the
Queen, 406 Oxford Street, London,
Liverpool, Lancaster, and Manchester.
—The decorative furniture of the offices of the
Royal Commission at the Colonial and Indian
Exhibition, and one of the Rooms set apart for
the use of the London, Provincial and
Press.

GLOVER,

‘olonial

WM., & SONS. Iagle

Works, Warwick., have placed at the
disposal of the Royal Comm the Water-
ing Carts for use in the Gardens,

Complimentary List.

HARDEN “STAR” HAND GRE-
NADE FIRE EXTINGUISHER CO.,
Limited, 1 Holborn Viaduct, B.C.—Loan
of Hand Grenades for protection of Exhibition
Buildings from fire.

Chambers, 8. wa i, Brighouse

o$ or
Yorkshire, — Gables of East a West
Galleries, glazed by his patent system without
putty. The bars are made of zinc, copper steel
or galvanized iron, and have double Is.
the glass being held in its place by metal’ caps
screwed down from the outside. All framéwork/
of Mi " sone et all outside |;
painting. ere is no breakage from expansion
and contraction, no drip from condengation, and
broken squares are easily replaced, Suitable}:
for every description of roof and horticultura
building.

HINDLEY, &. 8., 11 Queen Victori:
Street, B.C.— Vertical Steam Boiler heate:
ps gas. In this boiler the heating surface
almost entirely brass, the tubes moa 80 pe
that the steam is well dried, resulting in econom
in gas. The burners are on the Bunsen prit
ciple, and are arranged so that a greater or le
number may be in use at a time according
more or less steam is fe Sayed thie is accom
= very simply and efficiently by regulatiz
coc.

HOLLAND & SONS, 24 Mour
Street, Grosvenor Square, W.— Sho
Cases for the Indian Section, similar to the
supplied by this firm for the South Kensingto
Museum.

HUDSWELL, CLARKE, & CC
Railway Foundry, Leeds. — Rodge:
Patent Wrought Iron Pulley, made entirely
wrought iron, rimarms and boss, Used excl
sively for driving the whole of the electric lig Hs
machinery in the Colonial and Indian Exh
tion. Perfectly balanced, turned, and finish
true ina lathe. Can be made any odd size
to 6 ft. wide,

Kensingto oad, Knightebridee 7
ens nm . B
Park, 8,W., has been appointed by the B
Commission sole contractor for the
Buildings and Galleries required for the Cole
and Indian Exhibition. -Mr. Humphreys
also constructed for the Royal Commission
Houses and Galleries, Cottages and Huts §
the Indians, and a Colonial Market and Cant

IMPERIAL STONE CO., mn
East Greenwich.—Imperial stone is
article used for the manufacture of steps, |
ings, pavings, copings of various designs, @
generally for stonework dressings conned
with buildings. This stone is com
crushed granite and Portland Cement, the fig
tural dust being very carefully eliminatedy
washing before being mixed with the c

ity
A he '

Mi

COLONIAL AND

a a

. as

Pon jx Fe:

‘

j* pe : “ alld

fp 3 *¢ =>

hd oh ed

oe & 7

INDIAN EXHIBITION.

' Ta -
ig

LOWAY & SONS.

he material is then placed in moulds and com~
pressed by machinery. It has been found that
tone e artificially in this manner stands
‘PT the severe test of a London atmosphere success-
fully. It is in some i mixed with
arious pears in order to obtain the colour
pontrasts ired by the architect, great care
being exercised to use only such as will not
njure the cement. The stone is in all cases
subjected to a bath of silicate of soda and other

JEFFREY & CoO., 64 Essex Road, N.,
shave, at the request of the Royal Commis-
sion, supplied the Wall Decorations for their
pftices, and for the private offices of the Com-
missioners for South Australia, the Cape,
nada, Queensland, New South Wales, Vic-
oria, and New Zealand, as well as for the
oplonial and Indian Reading Rooms in “ Old
Mondon.” The Decorations in Flocks for the
Royal Balcony are by this firm. Messrs.
effrey and Co.’s Wall Papers have also been
used in the dining-rooms of the National Train-
ling School of Cookery and in the Colonial Hall.

| JUDSON & CO., 58 & 77 Southwark

treet, S.E.—The Conduit in “Old London”

4s fitted with one of this firm’s Perfect Purity

Wilters, and is a faithful reproduction of

he famous “ Olde Water Conduit,” called the

iq Standard, erected in 1582 at the junctions
‘ef Bishopsgate, Gracechurch, Leadenhall
mptreets, and Cornhill, and demolished about
603. The water was supplied by means of

@vooden pipes laid under ground, communi-
ating with a spring at some distance off, and
“Bowed from the mouths of four grotesque
“Boasks, supporting figures of prentices and
(aids. The standard was the point from which
ma@istances of localities aruund Loadon were
Shen reckoned.

KIMBERLEY, ALBERT, Banbury,
as placed in the kitchen of the Staff Club,
nd also in the lavatories of the Exhibition,
is wood blocks.. These blocks are made to a
iniform thickness of 14 in., and can be arranged

o almost any pattern. They are prepared by
special. process to resist dry rot, being laid on
p solid bed of concrete 6 in. thick. They are

Moiseless, and are especially suitable for the
loors of basements, churches, and schools, and
niso because of their imperviousness and
economy in cost of laying.

» LANE, H., & SON, The Nurseries,
¢ cg Berkhampstead.—Collection of Rho-
Oden: ns. =

LASCELLES, W. H.. & CO., 121
Bunhill Row, E.C., have executed in Ame-
‘ican Walnut the Entrance Doors, Room Doors,
Architraves, and Overhead Pilasters with Carved
ACaps, Moulded Skirting and Surbase Mou!ding
in the Council Room of the Royal Commission.

Complimentary List.

‘by the above firm.

xiii

LE GRAND & SUTCLIFF, 100
Bunhill Row, E.C. — Norton’s Improved
Patent Registering Turnstiles, first introduced
for the entrances of the Crystal Palace in
1855, and improved to their latest form by the
patentees. They are adapted for accurately
recording the number of persons entering or
leaving any exhibition, pier, or other place of
resort, and are constructed with a view to
strength and lightness, and fur facility of trans-
port; all the uprights are of tubular iron. The
arms are designed so as to render the passage
through them quite free, while’ the indicators
are without springs or other complications.

MERRYWEATHER & SONS,
Greenwich Road, 8.E., and Long Acre,
W.C., have placed at the disposal of the Royal
Commission a powerful Stationary Steam Fire
Engine for charging the whole of the fire mains
in the Exhibition, having a sufficient pressure for
fire extinguishing purposes, the supply being
taken from the water company’s pipes. The fire-
mains are fitted at intervals with hydrants, and
by this arrangement from one up to eight jets
can be delivered simultaneously, the greater
number throwing 100 gallons per minute, each
at a water pressure of 100lbs. per square inch.
There are also connections fitted to the engine
for working several lines of hose direct. e
engine is known as Merryweather and Sons’
Double-Cylinder Steam Fire Engine, Green-
wich pattern. Messrs. Merryweather and Sons
also lend for fire protection purposes, One Colo-
nial Curricle Hand Fire Engine, Two Universal
Pattern Hand Fire Engines, with metallic cis-
terns as used in India, over 60 Portable Hand
Fire Engines of various patterns, including
“London Brigade,” ‘ Toxer,’’ *“ Corridor,” Ex-
tinctors, &c., and 100 Fire Buckets.

MOORE, & CO.,89 Southampton Row,
Russell Square, W.C.—A great many of the
windows in the offices of the Royal Commis-
sion have been fitted up with stained glass
In the Secretary’s Room is
a window of twelve panels (six transom and six
lower lights). This contains a light end deli-
cate style of work, consisting of Italian orna-
ment, with central trophies of musical instru-
ments on a richly-coloured ground. In the
Assistant-Secretary’s Room is a window of eight
panels (four transom and four lower lights); In
the transom panels are subjects representing
the arts of music, poetry, painting, and sculp-
ture, while the lower ones consist of tinted
geometrical lead-glazing, with painted borders
of Italian ornament. In the Press Room are
windows, containing ornamental designs with
central medallion portraits of celebrated painters
Inthe Ante-room to Couacil Chamber isa win-
dow of somewhat similar character to that last
described, except that in the transom panels are
shields containing emblems of Eigland, Scot-
land, and Ireland (the Rose, Shamrock, and
Thistle). In the Screen in Passage between the
offices is a large semi-circular headed |window,

2

lxxxiv

containing tropical foliage treated on a light
grey ground, with birds, insects, &c., introduced,
the whole being surrounded by a border of
Renaissance ornament.

MOORE, JOHN, & SONS, 38 & 39
Clerkenwell Close, E.C., have supplied on
loan. (1) A Striking Clock and Bell of 3 cwt.,
showing time on 8 ft. dial. This clock is fixed in
the clock-tower facing the conservatory, and is
suitable) for a church. (2) A Striking Clock,
showing on five dials the time at Greenwich, Cal-
cutta, Madras, Cape Town, and Ottawa. This
clock faces inner garden, and is suitable for
a town hall or any public building. (38) A
Turret Timepiece with 5 ft. copper dial. This
is fixed in the Grand Entrance, and is suitable
for any building where a striking clock is not
desirable. (4) A Small Turret Timepiece,
showing time on a ¢ ft. Gin. dial. This is fixed
in the Canadian Section, and is suitable for
bin school or public institute. (5) A Striking
Clock in walnut case, specially designed for
overmantel of His Royal Highness the Prince of
Wales’ Room. (6) An Ebonized and Gilt
Striking Clock for the Secretary’s Room, and
other Clocks for the Staff Club, &c.

MOORE, JOSIAH, & SONS, Seck-
ford Works, St. James’s Walk, Clerk-
enwell, E.C.—This firm have fitted their
Patent Improved Glass Louvre Ventilators in
the windows, &c., of various parts of the Build-
ings, amongst which may be mentioned the
Eastern Arcade on right of chief entrance; in
Committee’s Smoking and Dining Rooms in
Old London ; in the New Council Chamber and
Roofs of Gentlemen's and Ladies’ Lavatories in
Gardens, by which the admission of air is
directed upwards ov diffused, thus causing a
continuous circulation of air, at the same time
excluding rain. They can be regulated at
pleasure to any degree by meansof a simple and
efficacious arrangement worked by a single cord,
and are self-closing; being made chiefly of glass
they offer no obstruction to light.

NEW IRON BUILDING COM-
PANY, Harbour Road, Camberwell.—
Providing the New Patent Roofing to the
Canadian Bar and the Indian Bullock House.

PEARSON, R. H. & J., Notting Hill ;

Gete, W.—The Combined Open and Close
Fire Kitchener, provided by the above firm for
the kitchen of the Staff Club, is a modification
of their Patent Kitchener. It is constructed to
roast in front of fire, as well as in the roaster,
to bake pustry, and boil or stew on the hot
late with an open fire. The Grill Stove in this
itchen was also provided by the above firm.

PHILLIPS, W., & SON, 10 Baker
Street, W., have carried out the arrangement
of the decoration of the Council Room of the
Royal Commission.

Complimentary List. |

PILSEN JOEL AND GENERAL ,
ELECTRIC LIGHT CO., Telegraph
Street, E.C.—This Comey, is lighting the /
Queen’s Gate Section, the western gallery,
western annexe, and part of the engine shed
by 100 Pilsen Arc Lamps of the well-known
P type. These are maintained by six Pilsen
Dynamos of the newest type, and comprising
all the latest improvements made by the com-
pany, their efficiency being thereby greatly
increased. The armatures, instead of being
clamped between two brass plates as formerly,
are now supported by a strong gun-metal hub,
the hoop iron core being wound in the four
forked arms projecting from the centre.

ROYAL BOTANIC SOCIETY OF }
LONDON, Regent’s Park. — Large
typical growing Specimens of Trees, Plants, and
Shrubs, illustrative of the Floras of the Aus-
tralian and South African Colonies, &c.

SCOTT, CUTHBERTSON, & CO.,)
Whitelands Works, Chelsea, 8S.W.,
have supplied the wall decorations of the fol- {
lowing rooms in Old London :—No. 1, Photo- |
graphers to the Royal Commission, No, 5,
Royal Commission Recepticn Room. No. 6,
Commission Office. No. 7, Royal Commission
Committee Room. No, 22, Ambulance and the
Old Cock Tavern.

SHAND, MASON, & CO., 75 Upper
Ground Street, Blackfriars Road,f
S.E., have supplied a number of fire ex-
tinguishing appliances for use ir case of ang
outbreak of fire, amongst these being an Im-i@
proved Patent Equilibrium Steam Fire Engine, i
capable of discharging 900 gallons per minute ;#in
aiso a London Brigade pattern Vertical Steam
Fire Engine, capable of discharging 350 gallons
per minute. Both of these Engines are fitted Mp
with their Patent Inclined Water Tube Boiler,®
in which steam can be raised in from 6} to 7}
minutes, and they will be tised in connection fis
with the firemains and hydrants fitted up by thisiim
firm in the Exhibition building. Also a numberof
of London Brigade pattern Hand Pumps, Cor-fipa
ridor and Hall Fire Engines, Tozer Pumps, jf
Chemical Engines, &c., to be distributed in}
various parts of the building, kept filled with
water, always ready for immediate use.

STARKIE, GARDNER, & CO., 29
Albert Embankment, Lambeth, 8.E.—
This firm has constructed the verandah or
shelter in the south-west angle of the garden
commanding # view of the fountains and
grounds; this is of wrought-iron, except the
finely modelled cast pilasters. The style is
Italian, and it is intended either as a veran
dah-terrace or balcony, arranged with vases for
growing plants and for pendant lam The
gilded lamps in the Durbar Hall are in copper
and brass, from special designs, and the media-
val lanterns and old grille work of Old London

are contributions by the same firm; as are also
le crnamental gas brackets in the Press Rooms
and the iron staircase leading to the Smoking
alcony.

TAYLOR & CO., 19 Hatton Garden,
.C., have supplied the Lamp Shades in the
efreshment department. These shades have
been made to special designs, and are made of
paper, cut by hand, illuminated with colour
bue and red), and lined with white silk for the
purpose of reflecting the light to the greatest
extent, as also enhancing the decorative effect.

TRELOAR & SONS, 68, 69 & 70
udgate Hill, E.C.—The door mats in use

ocua Nut Fibre by this firm, The pattern
which has been specially designed is registered.

TROTMAN, J., Holloway, N.—
The Summer Houses furnished by this firm
or the use of the Royal Commission, are
nade of wood especially prepared, and coated
Brith patent indestructible solution, they are
ubstantial yet portable, being made in separate
panels, so that any one can screw thyum together
br remove them anywhere.

UNITE, J., 291 Edgware Road.--
Providing all the covered ways and stands for
he opening ceremony.

UNITED ASBESTOS CO., Limited,
hondon and Birmingham (CHARLES
MOUNTFORD, Patentee).— The paint
used for the decoration of the Exhibition
Buildings by this company is the New Deco-
ative Asbestos Oil Paint, which resists fire
and water. This paint is manufactured from
he pure Italian asbestos, and, together with
pother ingredients, is ground with oil and spirits
and resists water. At the same time its che-
mical combination is such that the presence
of fire immediately hardens the paint. As the
paint is capable of being ground perfectly
mooth, and readily mixes with almost any
molour, it is in every way suitable as a deco-
ative paint for indoors or out.

Complimentary List.

lxxxv

VERITY BROS., 187 Regent Stree
‘W.—The large Repoussé wrought and polich
brass centre Electrolier and the four Electric
Sunlights in corners of vestibule near entrance,
together with the three Electric Pendants in
Royal Pavilion, were designed and manufactured
by. the above firm.

VICTORIA PATENT STONE CO.,
2834 Kingsland Road, W.—The Patent
Victoria Stone, laid down by this Company in the
Colonial Market, is the same material as that
now in the Entrance Hall, which was laid down
for the Fisheries’ Exhibition. It is composed
of finely-crushed and washed granite, mixed
with best Portland cement, obtainable and
silicated by the Patent Victoria Stone Co.'s
process.

WARD, ROWLAND, F.Z8., 166
Piccadilly, W., bas executed for the Royal
Commission an elaborate trophy representin
Jungle Life in India; alsothe Trophy of K
Behar formed by His Highness the Maharajah
representing a Tiger Hunt. Trophies by Mr.
Rowland Ward are also in the following courts:
Ceylon, South Africa, Canada and Queensland.

WARE, T. 8., Hale Farm Nurseries,
Tottenham, N.—Collection of Dahlias and
other Plants.

WHITE, JOHN, AND SONS,
Park Road Leather Works, Bingley,
Yorkshire. — Supply for the Electric De-
partment Six Treble Main Driving Belis. This
firm also suppiy 10 in. and 12 in. strong single
of great effective driving power.

WILKES’S METALLIC FLOOR-
ING CO., 17 Devonshire Square, have
paved the Old London Street, the Courtyard
of the Indian Palace, and the Central Avenue
between these with Wilkes’s Patent Metallic
Paving. The advantages claimed for this floor-
ing are that it is exceedingly hard and durable,
readily repaired, very strong, and never wears
slippery. It is suitable for stables, carriage
sheds, footpaths, fire-proof floors, &c.

YOUNG, MAURICE, Milford Nur
series, Godalming.—Collection of Rhodo
dendrons, &c. Garden and Prince’s Pavilion.

a

GARDEN ILLUMINATIONS.

Tue Grounds of the Exhibition are lit up by about 9700 electric glow lamps of 5 and 10
candle-power, with a few 20 candle lamps cn the Band Stands and on the verandah of the
Conservatory.

These lights, many of which are brilliantly coloured, have been placed partly on the per-
manent Museum buildings and on the Conservatory, so as to bring out the tracery of these
buildings, and to give an appearance of vastness tv the grounds, and partly on the balustradea,
round the flower beds, and in the trees and ornamental water of the gardens, the general effect
being a charming arrangement of light and colour, The lights can be turned on or off instan-
taneously either by sections or altogether.

Messrs. W. & J. Galloway & Sons, of Maachester, are the contractors for the installation and
maintenance of the whole of these garden illuminations,

The installation consists of 23 circuits, each of which is made up of eight parallels of lamps
connected in series, the electromotive force of the 5 and 10 candle-power lamps being 25 volts,
and that of the current at the machines 220 volts.

Each of these cirexits is connected to the main leads from the dynamos by means of a
arge switch-board, specially designed to allow of any circuit being connected to any dynamo

achine.

The lamps are distributed as follows :—

I, Conservatory . ° ° . ° ° - 1500 lamps,

If. East and West Quadrants > ° 1600 ,,
III. Upper Gardens, Trees and Balustrades and Band Stands. 1550 ,,
IV. East and West Arcades, and Trees : 2200 ,,

V. Lower Garden, Centre Pond, Side Ponds, Beds and Pendants 2500 ,,
VI. Albert Statue . ‘ ° ° . ° : . 868

The total current required is about 800 amperes.

The current is obtained from four of Messrs. Elwell-Parker’s self-regulating dynamos, each
of which can supply a current of 250 amptres with an electro-motive force of 250 volts when
running at 300 revolutions.

The power required to drive these machines is supplied by a pair of compound horizontal
engines, placed at the west end of the Canadian Court. These engines will each develop
200 H.-P., at a speed of 110 revolutions, and have been specially designed ty Messrs. Galloway
to meet the requirements of electric lighting.

The three large Siemens’ dynamos, which were used during the Invention Exhibition, and
the Goodfellow’s and Mathews’ three-cylinder engines, have also been retained, and will form a
reserve in case of any accident to the new plant.

Besides the glow-lamp illumination, 15 arc lamps have been placed on three masts, so placed
as to light up the whole of the grounds, even should the general illumination be put out. These
arv lamps are new, from a Victoria Brush F. 3 dynamo, driven by a third Galloway engine,
similar to the pair used for the glow lamps, and which is placed in the West Quadrant. This
engine also drives the dyxamo for the fountain lamps.

Ixxxvili Blectric Lighting.

THE ILLUMINATED FOUNTAINS.

In the Ornamental Water, in the Grounds, Fountains of various désigns have been arranged,
which are illuminated after dark by means of powerful electric arc lamps.

The following is a description of the means by which the effects shown by the Fountains are
produced :—

The water for supplying the Fountains is delivered direct from the West Middlesex Water
Company's Hammersmith pumping station. The main enters the Exhibition Grounds from the
north-west, and is conducted to the four water-meters, on the western side of the centre basin,
which register the quantity of water consumed. From this point 9 large main leads to the
central “island,” where the principal jets rise. The water is supplied at a pressure of about
seventy pounds to the square inch, which is sufficient to carry it to a height of 120 feet.

The island is reached by means of a subway, and through this are laid the cables for the
electric current and the signalling wires.

The whole of the jets are worked by screw-valves and levers placed inside the island.

The Fountain display is directed from the clock tower at the south side of the Garden, the
“ operating-room” being below the dial of the large clock. The operator controls not only the
working of the jets, but also the colour and power of the lights, by a series of electric signals,
arranged on a key-board with &0 keys, in five rows of 12 each, which communicate witii bells
and indicators inside the island.

The machine-room inside the island is an apartment 21 feet square. Its roof being only
5 feet 8 inches from the floor, renders it difficult for the operators to stand upright in it; and
there is an outer passage all round which is only 4 feet 6 inches high.

The Fountains are set in action by screw-valves fixed vertically on the different branches
attached to the water main, The large jets, which send the water to the greatest heights, are
worked by plug-valves and levers, so as to allow an instantaneous start and stop, which causes a
shower of spray. There are, altogether, eleven wheels and six levers,

In the roof are seven circular skylights of very strong glass, one of them being exactly in the
centre, the others forming a hexagon about it. Under each of these skylights is a wooden stand,
on which is fixed a hand arc lamp of 8000 candle power. Over each arc is a lens, which concen-
trates the light on the jet. There are also eight windows in the roof of the outer passage under
each cf which is an are light and reflector. When the order “Lights on” is received, the five
ares are set going, the result being to powerfully illumine the jets of water internally, while the
dropping water or spray is illuminated externally by the surrounding beams of light, thus pro-
ducing a glistening-effect. There is also a lamp opposite the cascade, the light being concentrated
by a plano-convex lens. Tho current for these lamps is supplied by a Victoria Brush machine,
driven by the Galloway engine in the West Quadrant. The usual staff is fifteen—one man to
work the valves, thirteen to attend to the lights, and one to watch and reply to the bells, They
cannot see what is going on outside, their only meaus of knowing that all is right being the
signals from the clock tower. The quantity of water sent up averages 70,000 gallons en hour;
‘but when all the jets are going at once, 1000 gallons are used in fifteen seconds.

( Ixxxix ~)

THE “OLD LONDON” STREET.

DESCRIPTION OF THE STREET REPRESENTING “OLD LONDON” IN THE
COLONIAL AND INDIAN EXHIBITION AT SOUTH KENSINGTON, 1886
(ERECTED FROM THE DRAWINGS AND UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENCE
OF GEORGE H. BIRCH, ESQ., A.R.1.B.A., LATE HON. SEC. LONDON AND
MIDDLESEX ARCHAOLOGICAL SOCIETY).

Tuts street is composed of various houses grouped together to form a quaint and ds ptohiaeniee
thoroughfare of the normal width of an Old London street, the dates of the various buildings
being as diversified as are their size and appearance, and the object that has been held steadily
in view, is to show the City of London as it existed before the Great Fire of 1666 swept it from
off the face of the earth. These houses are no pasteboard and painted cunvas delusions, but
honest structures. They represent no fanciful restorations from written records, but are faithful
delineations from actual drawings derived from authentic sources.

A reference to the accompanying plan wil! enable the visitor to identify the different houses
and structures which are numbered as in the following description.

Entering from the Central Avenue immediately in front of the Paviiion of His Royal
Highness the Prince of Wales, stands one of the City gates—Bishopsgate, reduced in proportion
and flanked by the City wall; this gate (not one of the original gates of which there were but
four) was broken through the ancient walls, the peculiar Roman manner of building with courses
of tiles being shown on the lower part; these wails might have been built during the 400 years
of Roman occupation, but more probably after their withdrawal and before the tradition of the
Roman manner of building had died out; above the arch on each side are the arms of the City
of London and the arms of the Bishopric, and immediately over the gate in a niche stands the
statue of one of the bishops, William the Norman, to whom the City was particularly indebted,
for by his good offices, all those rights and privileges and immunities which the City had
inherited from Roman times and which had been confirmed and strengthened under the Saxon
Kings, were reconfirmed by the Conqueror. Once a year the City fathers went in solemn
procession to his tomb in St. Paul’s Cathedral, and testified by this act their grateful recognition.
Above, on the towers which flank the gateway, are the statues of Alfred who wrested the City
from the Danes, and of his son-in-law, Aldred Earl of Mercia to whom he committed the govern-
ment thereof.

Passing through the gate the corresponding statue, that of William the Norman, is seen
representing St. Erkenwald, the Fourth Bishop of London, a.p. 675, after the re-constitution
of the see und re-establishment of Christianity by St. Augustine. This Erkenwald was a great
favourite with the Londoners, and after his canonization, his shrine at St. Paul’s, one of the
richest in the kinedom, was for many centuries an object of great veneration. The ground fleor
op. each side shows on the right a debtors’ prison, and on the left an ordinary lock-up, and
beyond are the staircases to the first-floor. After passing through the gateway, the first house
on tixe left is the “ Rose Inn” (No. 1), Fenchurch Street, curious as having its front covered with
small cut slates, instead of the ordinary lath and plaster and timber construction usual in London.

The next house (No. 2) stood in Leadenhall Street, and was known as the “ Cock Tavern,”
the representations of this house, of which there are many, represent it after the gable had been
removed, and a flat coping substituted, but in this instance its pristine condition has been
reverted to. Following in order is a block of three houses (Nos. 3, 4 and 5) formerly existing in
Fleet Street, towards Temple Bar, on the south side, and known by the name of the “ Three
Squirrels,’ now Mesers. Gosling’s Bank, ‘This system of the houses being known by certain
signs irrespective of the avocations, or change of owners, was universal. The “Marygold” at
Temple Bar, Messrs. Child’s Bank, The “Grasshopper” in Lombard Street, Messrs, Martin &

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Old London. xci
RP A AE EAA AC I ES RA ee err
Co., and the “Golden Bottle,” Fleet Street, Messrs. Hoare’s, are all instances of a survival of
a uomenclature the origin of which has been so entirely at variance with the avocations of
the subsequent owners.

The house (No. 6), is a copy of the one which stood at the corner of Fleet Street and
Chancery Lane, and was traditionally known as the “ Isaac Walton’s House.” “ Vir et Piscator
optimus,” but there is a doubt that tradition is this case was tradition only, as the actual house
was two doors further to the west; but apart from this, the house itself was a magnificent
specimen of an ordinary citizen’s house in Elizabeth’s reign, and was for many years a conspicnous
ornament to Fleet Street, and in close contiguity to those well-known haunts of the wits of that
period, the “ Apollo” and the “ Devil ” Taverns.

Set back a little from the main line of the street in order to give prominence to Walton's
house, and to give it the appearance of a corner house, are two unpretending wooden structures
(Nos. 7 and 8) which formerly stood hard by the ancient church of St. Ethelburga, Bishopsgate
Street, and were the ordinary type of hundreds of others in the old city, a shop below, and a
solar or chamber above.

Standing prominently in advance of these is the old tower of a church, which, although not
strictly modelled from that of All Hallows, Staining—differing only in having a larger traceried
window—resembles in its general form and outline many others in which our forefathers were
wont to worship; most of these churches were small, for the parishes attached to them were
also diminutive, and this tower type, with bold octagonal staircase turret on one side, was
almost universal; there were exceptions in which the towers had lofty pinnacles at each corner,
like the present St. Sepulchre’s, Holborn, or the more modern re-buildings by Wren, of
St. Michael’s, Cornhill, and St. Mary Aldermary; and the curious arched superstructure
with its five lanterns of St. Mary-le-Bow, or de Arcubus, and the very fine spire of St. Lawrence
Pountney; but the generality of the churches possessed towers similar in character to the one
depicted here.

The water conduit (erected by Messrs. Judson & Co.), the pillory, and the stocks placed in
the open space in front of the church tower are quaint and interesting features of the everyday
life of our forefathers. This conduit stood at the junction of the four ways, Cornhill, Bishopsgate,
Leadenhall Street, and Gracechurch Street, and was known as the “Standard upon Cornhill,”
and a well-known point for calculating distances from. The original had eight jets of water
proceeding from the top of the Corinthian capital, but as the space at dispoeal was so limited these
extra jets had to be omitted.

Next to the church, and fronting down the street, is a portion of Middle Row (No. 9), which
stood in the Strand, just outside Temple Bar, and was known as Butchers’ Row; these houses
well represent the overhanging of the stories so prevalent in London where the groundfloor
space was very limited, additional room above being obtained by these means at the expense of
light and air. Butchers’ Row itself and its quaint structures were swept away when Alderman
Pickett, with a public spirit far in advance of his times, made one of the first public improve-
ments by widening this portion of the Strand, leaving the Church of St. Clement Danes
solated in the midst of a large oval. These houses are historically interesting, as in one of them
the Gunpowder Plot conspirators met.

Elbow Lane.—The site at this point considerably narrows, from 70 to 30 feet, and the
houses are not continued on parallel lines, in order to break a perspective which would have
been too long for a picturesque effect, and also in order to obtain that sinuosity so characteristic
of London streets.

Next on the left is a fine large house of two gables (No. 10), which stood in this Middle
Row, Strand, and was known as the French Ambassador’s house, or the Duke of Sully’s, also
Monsieur Beaumont’s, both ambassadors here from the most Christian King to the Court of
St. James’. This Duke de Sully was the famous Henri de Béthune, the wise and popular
minister to Henri Quartre, King of France and Navarre. That this house was probably ovcupied
by him there can be little doubt; not only from the commonly accepted tradition, but from the
fact of its being decorated with badges of the De Béthunes, the French crown and fleur-de-lis
and two hands grasping one another in a true “ entente cordiale.”

The next (No. 11) is a low structure of wood and plaster, and has been modelled from an
old engraving representing a portion of Bishopsgate Street.

ee

xcil Old London.

Beyond this is an old house (Nos. 12 & 13) which was in Goswell. Street, of the date of
Elizabeth’s reign. The windows are mullioned and transomed, and show one peculiarity very
general in old London, in carrying on the upper lights sontinuoasly,

No. 14 is a timber house with carved bargebosrd, which stood next to Blue Boar’s, Head
Yard, King Street, Westminster. The tradition as to its being formerly occupied by Oliver
Cromwell was verified in 1833 by an inspection of the parish books of St. Margaret's, West-
minster, where it was found that Lieut.-General Oliver Cromwell was rated for and occupied this
house some time anterior to his taking possession of Whitehall Palace,

The last house (No. 14a), decorated with medallions of the Roman Emperors in plaster,
stood on Little Tower Hill. There is nothing remarkable in the building beyond that the roof
line is level and was chosen as @ contrast to the all-prevailing gable.

At this point (No. 15)—the termination westward of the street—the entrance thereto is
masked by one of the galleried fronts of an old London inn, The “Oxford Arms,” Warwick
Lane, was chosen as a typical specimen; but there are still remaining in Bishopsgate Street,
Holborn, at:d more especially the Borough, several examples of these.

Tho house beyond (No. 16) was on the west side of Little Moorfields, Finsbury, and
was a very fine specimen of plaster work, It was not removed until the commencement
of the presont ceniury. A low building connects this with two houses (Nos. 17 & 18)
possessing considerable interest; they stood at the south corner of Hosier Lane, Smithfield,
over against the famous “Pye Corner,” where the fearful conflagration of 1666 was arrested,
after having laid considerably more than three-fourths of the City in ashes; they were not
removed until 1800.

Another gateway here arrests our steps; this was the entrance to the famous Priory of the
Holy Trinity, Aldgate, founded by Queen Matilda, and whose Prior, by virtue of his office as
representing the Knighten Guild who had made over to this priory their lands and soke, was
admitted as one of the Aldermen of London, of the Ward of Portsoken. According to custom,
he gat in court, and rode in scarlet, or such livery as the other aldermen used. The Priory,
at the dissolution, was granted to Sir Thomas Audley, whose daughter, marrying the Duke of
Norfolk, gave the name to the house built by Audley out of the ruins of the Priory,— Duke's
Place.” Beyond the gate (No. 19) is the inn called the “ Fountain” in the Minories, which,
notwithstanding its heavy projecting stories, was so strongly framed, that when it was attempted
to remove it, cart-horses had to be employed to pull the beams apart; on one of them was found
the date 1480.

Beyond this (No. 19a) is the gable end of the Hall of the Brotherhood of the Holy Trinity
(which is reached by ascending the staircases to the first floor) in Aldersgate Street, near to Little.
Britain. This Hall has been selected as a typical example of the Hall of a Guild or Livery, of
which there were many within the boundaries of the ancient City. It was a guild possessing
property, aud connected with the neighbouring church of St. Botolph’s, Aldersgate Street, and
after the suppression was purchased. by some of the parishioners as a place of meeting, It was
not removed until the end of the last century, and very accurate drawings by Capon and Carter
exist in the Gardner Collection. The Right Hon. Jobn Staples, F.S.A., Lord Mayor of London
for the present year (a2 member of the committee originally charged with the construction of the
buildings), has given the history of this Guild in his ‘ Notes on St. Botolph’s, Aldersgate.’ The
ancient stained glass with a figure of St. Blaise, aud several ancient shields which existed in
1611, and were not iced by N. Charles, Lancaster Herald, have been faithfully renroduced.

The house beyond is one of the most remarkable in this etreet (No. 20), remarkable not only
for its extreme richness of decoration, but as being connected with Sir Richard Whittington,
famous in song and in story. It was situated four doors from Mark Lane in Crutched, Friars,
or Hart Street, up a courtyard, and was described in old leases as Whittington’s Palace.
Although the house frem its style and ornamentation could not possibly have been of his time it
is possible that the front only had been ornamented and altered, for in general outline and
arrangement it resembled houses of that date—it was richly ornamented with carvings of the
armorial bearings of the city companies, which stamped it es being the house of a remarkable
personage and one whom the City delighted to honour. It was impossible to reproduce the
extreme richness of its decoration. The ornamentation has therefore only been painted,’ the
original having been entirely carved and painted and gilt. Very accurate prints of this court-

Old London. XCili

A Ae AR ee eae POC SSE eT TO MEPL ON CMO RUPP ation CU neal RECON S Puyo Mi
yard exist, and several views of the elevation more or less mutilated are in the European
Magazine. An original drawing showing its gables is in the Gardner collection; from which
this representation has been taken.

The next two houses (No. 21) were drawn by Mr. Gwilt before they were removed ; they were
situated in Bankside, and are: picturesque examples of plaster decoration and open balconies.

The last two houses (Nos. 22 & 28) ir. this street on the left before arriving at the gate
at which we entered were also from the Gwilt collection (now in the Gardner) and stood in
the High Street, Borough; they were only removed of late years, and were drawn and
measured by Mr. Gwilt.

As to actual’size the whole of the buildings have only been slightly reduced, but this has
been done in proportion, although: such reduction is not to a uniform scale, but has been adopted
in the different cases to suit the uniformity of the plan and arrangement of the whole. The
interiors, it must be recollected do not in all cases correspond in size with the exteriors.

The foregoing notice is written from particulars furnished by Mr. Geo. H. Birch, the
architect, and is not intended to be more than a very brief description of the examples selected
to represent “ Old London.”

The buildings were designed and constructed as bearing upon and connected with the
special objects of the International Health Exhibition, 1884, to which the Corporation of the
City of London and several of the Livery Companies liberally subscribed.

The Royal Commission has placed at the service of the Colonial Commissioners the whole
of the upper rooms of this street.

On the right side of Old London will be found the rooms set apart for the use of the Colonial
and India Offices, and also those for the Crown Agents of the Colonies; all these rooms lead into
the Colonial Commissioners’ Club. The Banqueting Hall, &., furnished by Messrs, Cooper &
Holt, of Bunhill Row, and on the left side the Offices of the following Colonial Commissioners :
Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, Canada, Victoria, West Indies, and New
Zealand.

On entering the ground floor of Old London, No. 1 is allotted to the Official Photographers
to the Royal Commission, Messrs. W. & D. Downey, and the Woodbury Company. No. 2 is the
General Post Office. Nos. 5 and 6 are appropriated for the Royal Commissioners’ Colonial
Reception Committee; and No. 7, Colonial Tea and Coffee Committee Room. Nos. 5, 6 and 7 are
furnished by Messrs. Brew & Challis, Finsbury Pavement, and decorated by Messrs. Scott &
Cuthbertson, Chelsea. No. 9 is occupied by, and under the supervision of, Messrs. Cook & Son,
as Colonial Exchange and Writing Rooms. No. 12 is the Office for the Commission for Ceylon,
and No. 12 that for Western Australia. No. 14, British and Foreign Bible Society. Nos. 19 &
19a are reserved for the Central Railway Booking and Tourist Offices of the Royal Commis-
sion, with “ye Railway Lounge” attached. Nos. 20 & 21 Messrs. Spiers & Pond for light
refreshments. No. 22 for St. John’s Ambulance, and No. 23 for the Fire Brigade.

The street is now illuminated at night by electricity. Both are and crystal glow lamps are
used; of the former kind, five lamps of 2500-candle-power each are so arranged as to
produce the picturesque effect of moonlight in the street and narrow lane and alleys, while
the rooms upstairs are lit with several hundreds of incandescent lamps.

(| xciv )

THE AQUARIUM OF BRITISH FISHES.

Tms popular and interesting section of the past and present Exhibitions is situated in the
Weatern Arcade, and comp, ‘ises ten sea-water tanks, nine fresh-water tanks, twenty table-tanks,
and twelve oyster-tank-. Since the International Fisheries Exhibition the control of the
Aquarium has been in the hands of the National Fish Culture Association, whose President and
Chairman is the Marquess of Exeter; its Vice-President Sir Edward Birckbeck, Bart., M.P.;
and its Director and Secretary, W. Oldham Chambers, Esq., F.L.S.; while the following
noblemen and gentlemen constitute its Executive Council :—

THe Marquis or Lorne, K.T.
THe Eart or Romney.

THe Earn oF ANNESLEY.

Tre Ear, or DonovuGHMore.
Masor-Gen. Loup Asrncer, C.B.

Tue Ricut Hon. Sir W. Hanrt-DyYkKE,

Barr., MP.
Sm Joun Str. Ausyy, Bart., M.P.
Sir P. De Grey Ecerton, Bart.

THe Prime WARDEN OF THE FISHMONGERS’

ComPany.
THe MAcLAINE oF Locusvy.
R. Barcriay, Esq.
C. Bates, Eso.
J. Brunton, Esq., M.D.
W. Burvert-Covtrs, Esq.
Lrevt.-Cot. CusTaNce.
H. Frenne.y, Eso.
FRANCIS FRANCS, Eso.

C. E. Fryer, Esq. f

P. Geen, Eso.

Dr. Ginruer, F.R.S.

Proressor Huxtey, P.P.R.S.

A. G. Jarpine, Esq.

HE. Leg, Esq., F.LS.

Rev. J. J. Maney, M.A.

T. J. Mann, Eso.

O. T. Otsen, Esa., F.L.S.

Sm: A. Ro..irt.

J.-L. Saver, Esq.

Lieut-CotoneL SEDDON.

W. Senior, Eso.

8S. B. Saarpe, Esq.

T. Spreckiey, Esq, Chairman Thames
Angling Preservation Society.

Rev. C. J. Srewarp.

3. Wittis Bunn, Esa.

Caprain VIPAN.

Throughout the late Internaticnal Inventions Exhibition the Aquarium was crowded with
visitors, taxing to the utmost its accommodative capacity. There is always a fascination in
watching the graceful, silent movements of the denizens of our waters; and whatever form an
exhibition may take, a glimpse into the Aqueous Kingdom through the medium of Aquaria is
always heartily welcomed by everybody. Although the exhibitions that have succeeded that of
the International Fisheries have been of an entirely different character, the Aquarium has
always maintained its position of interest; and this is particularly the case with the prvsent
Exhibition, when an opportunity wili be afforded to Colonial visitors of inspecting the varicus
fish indigenous to this country.

The Gouncil of the National Fish Culture Association have done their utmost to heighten
the attractiveness of this department ; and preparations have been in course of progress since the
commencement of the present year for bringing to perfection the necessary preliminary arrange-
ments whereby to ensure the successful retention of fish in captivity. During the winter the
Aquarium was carefully maintained, so that the collection now shown to the public includes
many well-seasoned and matured specimens. In order to render the fresh and sea-water as clear
and bright as possible, it has been clarified by Maignen’s “ Filtre Rapide.” Elaborate arrange-
ments have been made for replenishing ihe tanks with marine and fresh-water fish, and with
this in view special fishermen and naturalists are being employed on all parts of the coast to

capture and forward specimens, so that the Aquarium may always be replete with selected fishes,
forming @ unique y so far as London is concerned. The specimens on view include the

turbot, sole, halibut, brill, plaice, flounder, dab, pilchard, shad, cod, haddock, whiting, hake,

ee

Aquarium of British Fishes. ~ xev

sturgeon, dory, red gurnard, bass, mullet, sea-bream, wrasa, skate, monkfish, lump fish, great pipe,
conger, salmon, trout, grayling, charr, smelt, perch, ruff, pike, carp, tench, golden tench, dace, roach,
rudd, chub, bream, barbel, roach, gudgeon, minnow, stickleback, and lamprev. In addition to the
foregoing are to be seen a large collection of crabs, lobsters, crayfish, and oy sters, together with a
diversified display of sea-anemones. The Directors of the Brighton Aquarium are rendering
valuable assistance in forwarding specimens of fish captured off the South Coast, so that many of .
the fish familiar to those who have visited that popular place of amusement and instruction will
be found amongst the occupants of the marine tanks at South Kensington.

In order to intensify the interest attaching to the collection of live fish, the Lords of the
Committee of the Council on Education have again given their consent to a portion of the Buck-
land Museum Collection being exhibited in the Aquarium. Thus a wide and diversified
collection of interesting and edifying objects are presented to the public conjunctively with
the live fish, all of which embrace an important and popular combination of exhibits relating
to Fish, Fisheries and Fish-culture.

( xevi )

INDIAN AND COLONIAL AQUARIUM AND FISH-
CULTURE SECTION.

In order that specimens of fish indigenous to the waters of India and the Colonies might be
displayed at the present Exhibition, the Council of the National Fish-Culture Association were
requested by the Royal Commissioners to form a special Aquarium for the same. The Asso-
ciation being anxious to do everything in their power to impart fresh information to the public,
and at the same time further the cultivation of Colonial fishes, readily acquiesced, and, as will be
seen, have provided the requisite accommodation not only for fishes but amphibious animals as

well.
The new Aquarium is located in the western annexe parallel with the old one. It comprises

twelve tanks for tropical fresh-water fish, and a large habitat for turtles. In addition to these a
hatchery has been erected for incubating the ova of these reptiles, which will be undertaken by
Mr. W. Oldham Chambers during the season. The most complete arrangements have been made
to ensure the success of this experiment, which is fraughi with much interest. In contiguity to
the turtle tank is a miniature beach, upon which the turtle may disport themselves when out of
water. The water in each tank is heated in accordance with the natural necessities of both
tropical and inter-tropical fish, the apparatus for this purpose being so arranged as to be abso- -
lutely compliable to regulation. The water in the turtle tank is salt, but that in the other tanks
is fresh. The various species exhibited will be referred to in a later edition. The tanks and
other works have been designed by Mr. W. Oldham Chambers and constructed by Messrs.
Dick Radclyffe & Co.

FISH-CULTURE DEPARTMENT.

The Fish-Culture Section is situated in the above Aquarium, and stretches as far as the
Canadian Court. During the winter and spring this department was the scene of lively activity
on account of the hatching season, when hundreds of thousands of fish eggs were successfully
incubated, the fry being transferred to public waters and to the Establishment of the Association
at Delaford Park, Iver, Bucks. It is to be regretted that, owing to the time of year, the public
were prevented from viewing the operations, which were of a very interesting and instructive
character.

In this department there is a very fine display of mature Salmonide and yearlings, besides the
various apparatus and appliances used in the work of breeding and rearing fish. These apparatus
consist of hatching boxes, rearing and feeding boxes, invented by the Marquess of Exeter and Mr.
W. Oldham Chambers. His Lordship also exhibits models of an oyster-culture establishment
and fish ponds. The remaining exhibits are from the Buckland Museum Collection, and
comprise a series of Canadian and American fish-culture appliances, and a model of Billingsgate
Market, designed by Mr. J. L. Sayer, and a model of a fish-culture establishment by Mr, W.
Oldham Chambers, F.L.S.

A wide and diversified combination of exhibits relating t- Fish, Fishing, and Fish Culture
are thus brought together in this Section, which will doubtless prove highly interesting to the
general public.

The Council of the National Fish-Culture Association are desirous of acknowledging the
following special services that havo been rendered in the Aquarium and Fish-Culture Depart-
ment by Professor Buird, United States Commission¢r vf Fish and Fisheries; Mr. William Burgess,
Malvern Wells; Mr. J. S. Charles, Lower Grosvenor Plecs; The MacLaine of Lochbury; Mr. T.
Andrews, Guildford; Messrs. Dick Radclyffe & Co., Holborn; Mr. P. A. Maignen, St. Mary-at-
Hill, E.C.; Messrs. Poland Bros. ; Mr. W. H. Williamson, Lower Thames Street, and Mr. Horece
Overton, Victoria Buildings, Belgravia.

For further particulars anent the Aquaria and Fish-Culture Section, see Handbook, price
One Penny.

——————————— TT

( xovii

)°

PICTURES SHOWN IN GALLERY OF
ROYAL ALBERT HALL.

INDIA.

a of His Highness Bahadar of Patiala.
Oil.)
¢ Portrait of His Highness Mahraja Ranbir
Singh. (Oil.)
Evening. By Miss E. M. Lamb. (Oii.)
View of Snowy Range. By Miss E. M. Lan:zb.

(Oil.)
Indian Fruit. By Alfred Palmer. (Oil.)
Indian Bull and Keeper. By Mrs. Nora

Scott. (Water-colour.)

A Nasik Mussulman. By Mrs. E. O. Bell
Irving. (Cil.)

Morning, Thul Ghaut. By Mrs. F. F. Baker.
(Oil.)

Bombay Scenery. By Horace van Ruith.
(Oil.)

Mahomedan Buildings near Golcondah. By
Major-General Hay Campbell. (Oil.)

A Hindoo Bride. By Mrs, E. O. Bell Irving.
(Oil.)
Camels. By Major-General A. G. Shortt.
(Oil.)

At the Temple Door. By Horace van Ruith.

Oil.
: Kothiavar Minstrels. By Horace van Ruith.
(Oi1.Y

The Cobra Feast. By Horace van Ruith.
(Oil.)

es Party of Dancers. By Major-General A. G.
ortt.

City of Goleondah. By Major-General Hay
Campbell, R.A.

Bombay Hack Conveyance and a Money-
lender. By Horace van Ruith.

A Gardener. By Horace van Ruith.

A Tailor from Gujerath. By Horace van
Ruith.

A Smoker with Chilam. By Horace van
Ruith.

A Fakir Smoking Opium.
Ruith.

A Smoker with Hookah. By Horace van
Ruith.

A Toddy Drawer. By Horace van Buith.

A Bombay Fisherman. By Horace van Ruith.

A Dak Bungalow. By Mrs. T. A. Petman.

The Dewar of Palumpore and his Son. By
Major-General A. G. Shortt. (Oil.)

Peer Muda Ghat. By Mrs. T, A. Petman.

Segar Pass. By Mrs. T. A. Petman.

On the Edge of the Karachi Desert. By E.
Fisher, pkey by

View of Bombay. E. Fisher. (Water-
colour.)

By Horace vaa

Street in the Fort, Bombay. By #. Fisher.

A Madras Female Attendant. By Hordce
van Ruith.

A Cotton Zleaner. By Horace van Ruith.

Head of the Thul Ghaut Railway. By Mrs.
F. F. Bake... (Oil.)

Down the Ghauts. By Miss E. O. Beli
Irving. (Oil.)

A Sidies Grass Cutter.
Hay Campbell, R.A. (Otl.)

Evening in the Himalayas. By Miss E. M.
Lamb. (Oil.)

“Morning” Kidernath Ranges. By Miss E.
M. Lamb. (Oil.)

On the Poonah High Road. By Miss E. O.
Bell Irving. (Oil.)

An Indian Highway. By Mrs. Nora Scott.
(Water-colour.)

Morning on the Jumna. By Miss E. M.
Lamb.

Moontight in the Himalayas. By Miss E. M.

amb.

Bhawa Ablal Tower (Crystoleum). By Mrs.
L. E. McCann.

Bombay Bazaar. By Horace van Ruith.

Morning in South India. By Major-General
Hay Campbell, R.A. (Oil.)

Group of Tombs at Golcondah. By Major-
General Hay Campbell, R.A. (Qil.)

Chuttras of the Raos of Cutch at Bhooj
By Major-General A. G. Shortt. (Oil.)

Portrait of His Highness the late Rao Prag-
malji Cutch. By H. Griffiths.

A Hindoo Devotee.

Bust of a Jew. By K. Palmanabhan
Thumby.

Tigers. By Robert Sterndale.

Painted Photograph of His Highness the
Maharaja Sayajirao. By V. H. Chintaman.

Portrait of the Nawab Sadio Mohamed Khan
Abasi. By

Bombay Harbour. By Miss Mary Frere.
- Buddhizt Caves of Ajunta. By Miss Mary -

rere.

Sunset from Matheran Hill. By Miss Mary

are.
View at Mahablesmera Hills. By Miss Mary

rere.
fe Birds. Ey Mrs. Petman. (Porcelain
plaque.

Chini, Himalayas. By Mrs. G. A. F.
Houchen. (Water-colour.)

Near Chini. By Mrs. G. A. F. Touchen.
(Water-colour.)

By Major-General-

i’

as

XCVvill

View near Rogi Cliff. By Mrs. G. A, F.
Houchen. (Water-colour.) .

A Village Car, Madras. By Huntly P.
Gordon. (Oil.)

Landscape, (Oil.)

The Gateway at Baroda. (Oil.)

A Naitch Girl. (Oil:)

Indian Women. (Oil.)

Portrait of His Highness the Begum of Bho-

pal. (Oil.)
Indian Prince.

(Oil.)
An old Nagpoot.

By Mrs. L. Greenfield.

(Oil.)

A Worker in Bamboo. By T. Griffith.
(Water-colour,)

A Tanwmyati, a religious mendicant. By T.
Griffiths. _(Water-colour.)

Some Drawers of Waiter. By T. Griffiths.
(Water-colour.)

Bunjeri Women. by T. Griffiths, (Water-
colour.)
A Priest. By T. Griffiths. (Water-colour.)

The Delhi Durbar. By T. Griffiths. (Water-
colour.)

Preparing to Start. By T. Griffiths, (Water-
colour.)

Study of a Balhius Head. By T. Griffiths.
(Water-colour.)

A Group of Snake Charmers. By T. Griffiths.

(Water-colour.)
By T. Griffiths.

A Street in Bombay.
(Water-colour.)

A Rohilla Sentinel. By T. Griffiths, (Water-
cslour.)
By ‘I’. tiriffiths. (Oil)

Midday Sun.

Soonabhace. By T. Griffiths. (Oil.)

The Green Girl. By T. Griffiths. (Oil.)

A Woman Carryiug Water. By T. Griffiths.
(Water-colour.)

A Glimpse of Chinese Tartary. By Miss
C. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

The Snow Range, Simla. By Miss C. i.
Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Hindoo Temples at Hurdwar. By MissC. F. ;

Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

The Secunderabagh Gate, Lucknow. By
Miss C. F. Gordon Cumming. (Vater-colour.)

A Temple in Machar Forest. By Miss C. F.
Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour. )

Suttee Choura Ghaut, Cawnpore. By Miss
C. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour. )

Two Pen-and-ink Drawings. By T. Bur-

gess.

Study of Cedars at Rogi. By Miss C. F.
Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

The Sutlej in Flood. By Miss C. F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)

An Indian Garden in Allahabad. By Miss
C. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

The Great Khylas and Raal Deeng Peaks,
(Water-colour.)

Three Pen-and-ivk Drawings, By J. Bur-

gees.
In Poinder Forest. By Miss OC. F, Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)
__ A Cave in the Island of Elephanta. By Miss
“C.F. Gordon Cumming, ater-colour.)

t

Pictures shown in Gallery of Royal Albert Hall.

A Gorge on the Sutlej, below Cawnpore.
By Miss OC. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water.
colour.)

The Taj Mahal and the Fat Agra. By Miss
C. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Bazaar on the Way to Elysium. By Miss C.
F, Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

A Group of Tombs, Old Delhi. By Miss C.
F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

The Taj Mahal Agra. By Miss CO. F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)

The Kootub Minar, Old Delhi. By Miss C. F.
Gordon Cumming. (Waier-colour.)

Tomb of Habucha Nawab, Meerut. By Miss
C. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Bazaar at Hurdwar. By Miss C. F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Native Bazaar at Landour. By Mise C. F.
Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Bazaar at Simla. By Miss C. F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Camp at Umballo. By Miss C. F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)

An Old Fort at Allahabad. By Miss C. F.
Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Suttee Choura Ghaut, Cawnpore By Miss C.
F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Crossing the Sutlej by Rope Bridge. By Miss
©. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

A Glimpse of Chinese Tartary. By Miss C.
¥. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

The Plains from Vincent’s Hill. By Miss C.
F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Nachar Faust. By Miss C. F. Gordon Cum-
ming. (Water-colour.)

Marble Rocks on the Nerbudda River. By
Mise ©. F, Gordon Cumming. (Water-
colour.)

Ri mpore on the Sutlej. By Miss C. F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.).

Roman Catholic Cathedral, Sirdhana. By
Miss C. F, Gordon’ Cumming. (Water-
colour.)

The Jumna, Musjid. By Miss C. ¥. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)

The Cedar Wood Temple near Panji. By
Miss C. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-
colour.)

The ‘Sacred City of Hurdwar. By MissC. F.
Gordon Camting. (Water-colour.)

The Residency of Lucknow. By Miss O, F.
Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Hills between "tombay and Poonah. By Miss
C. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Rhodendrons, Simla. By Miss ©. F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)

A View of Benares. By Miss C. F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-coloup.)

Persian Water-wheel, Saampore, By Miss C.
F. Gordon Cumming, (Waier-colour.)

The Taj Mahal, Agra, By Miss CO. F, Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)

The Hooskro Bach or Tombs of the Rajab.
By Miss ©. F, Gordon Cumming. (Water-
colour.)

A View of Benares. By Misa C, F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-colour.)

Pictures shown in Gallery of Royal Albert Hall.

Rest House for Travellers at Narkunda.
By Miss C. F, Gordon Cumming. (Water-
colour.) ‘

The Summer Palace of Akbar Shah. By
Miss ©. F. Gordon Cumming. (Water-
colour). :

Cedars near Panji. By Miss C. F. Gordon
Cumming. (Water-coiour.)

Portrait of His Highness the Maharaja of
wee By K. Pulpanadhan Thumby.

il

Portrait of the lato Maharaja of Travancore.
By C. M. Krishnaswans Naida. (Oil.)

Procession of Akbur Ulwur. By Ulwur Dur-
bar. (Three water-colours.)

A Tailor at Work. By Ram Lal. (Oil.)
Portrait. By F. A. Philips. (Oil.)
Photograph of His Highness the Maharaja

of Ulwur, By Ulwur Durbar. |

xcix

Four sets of Photographs in Frames. By
Lala Deen Deejal.

Prayer Niche in the Adina Mujid. By G. W.
Austen, (Photograph.)

Temple of Buddh Gya. By G. W. Austen.
(Photographs.)

Ruins of Buddh Gya, By G. W. Austen.
(Photograph.)

Panorama. By Lieut.-General Wray, O.B.
(Water-colour.) This sketch is interded to
represeut the march in Raj-pootana (Central
India), during the Mutiny of 1857-58, of a

' column of 10,000 troops of all arms; with a

siege train, engineer park, &c., &c. The Fi. st
Brigade and Headquarters are encamped: the
Second Brigade being shown as entering the
Camp and preparing to take up their ground
for the day,

CANADA.

Cuass 1,

Oil Paintings and Water Colours.

HER ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCESS

LOUISE, Marcutoness or Lornz, London,
England.

Niagara Falls—Canadian side.

Asx, H. H., London, Ontario.
Dead Mallard.

Burnecu, G. R., Toronto, Ontario. |
Autumn on Shadow River, Muskoka,
Indian Camp on the Ottawa River.

BIeRstTaDt.
Montmorenci Falls, Quebec. Lent by the
Marquis of Lorne.
Quebec Citadel. Lent by the Marquis of
Lorne.
View from Government House, Ottawa.
yer by Her Royal Highness the Princess
uise.

Brymner, W., R.C.A., Ottawa, Ontario,

“ The day is done.”

Early Summer.

Baie St. Paul, on the St. Lawrence,

Portrait. |

Wild Berries. ;-

Crazy Patchwé/k. Lent by the Canadian
Government!’

A Wreath of Flowers.
Canadian Government,

Carsswett, W. N., B.0.A..Seaforth, Ontario, |
Lake Huron. Lent by J, Labatt, Esq,, |
London, Ontario.
Sheep. Lent by J. Labatt, Esq., London,
Ontario.

Cattle. Lent by A. Cleghorne, Esgq.,
London, Ontario.

Lent by the

Day, F., R.C.A., Kingston, Ontario.
On the Nouvelle River, Quebec,
Cariboo Hunting in Nova Scotia.

Dianam, Mrs., London, Ontario.
Peonies.

Epson, Awan, R.C.A., 39 Clifton Gardens,
Maida Vale, W., London, England.
- Landscape. Lent by J. R. Wilson, Esgq.,
Montreal, Quebec.

Mount Maurice at Sunset, Winter, with
Canoes. Lent by E. Atkinson, Esq.,
Rose Bauk, Fowey, Cornwall.

The Ice Palace, Montreal.

The River St. Lawrence, Winter.

Landscape in the Eastern Townships.
Lent by Her Majesty the Queen.

Forses, J. C., R.C.A., Toronto, Ontario.
Mount of the Holy Cross, Colorado,
Rocky Mountain Canon.
Mount Stephen.
The Village Forge.’ Lent by Allan Gill-
mour, Esq., Ottawa, Ontario.

Fow ter, D., R.C.A., Amherst Island, Ontario.
Canadian Dead Game. Lent by J. Spooner,
., Toronto, Ontario.
Canadian Hare in Winter Coat.
Partridges. Lent by J, Spooner, Esq,
Toronto, Ontario.

Evening. Lent by J. Spooner, Esq.,
Toronto, Ontario.
Gladioli. Lent by J. Spooner, Esq.,

Toronto, Ontario. .
Grapes. Lent by J. Spooner, Esq., Toronto,
Oatario,

Pictures shown in Gallery of Royal Albert Hall.

as by J. Spooner, Esq., Toronto, | Marri, T. M., B.C.A., Toronto, Ontario.

0.

Sweet William. Lent by J. Spoouer, Esq.,
Toronto, Ontario.

Canadian Dead Game. Lent by J. Spooner,
es Toronto, Ontario.

Canadian Dead Game. Lent by J. Spooner,
Toronto, Ontario.

Fraser, J. A., R.C.A., Boston, U.S.A.

A Showery Day in the Passe des Monies
de St. Urbuin.

At Perc, Quebec Province,

A Salmon Pool on the Restigouche.

Seaside Idyll. Lent by O. Howland, Esq,.,
Toronto, Ontario,

Breezing October. Lent by Geo, Hague,
Esq., Montreal, Quebec.

Landscape. Lent by R. B. Angus, Esq.,
Montreal, Qu zbec.

Frienp, W., London, England.
The Falls of Niagara, Summer.
Sherbrook, Eastern Townships.
Lake Memphremagog.

The Straits of Belle Isle.
Shewanagan, near Quebec.
Shooting the Rapids.

Git, Wittiam, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Edge of Dyke Lands, Grand Pré,
E:itrance to Village ot Grand Pré.
Uncultivated Corner of Grand Pré,

Gorpoy, I’. C., Cc!bourne, Ontario,
Washing Day.

Grirritus, J., R.C.A., London, Ontario.
Reses and Phlox.

Harris, R., R.C.A., Montreal, Quebec.

By the Shores of Gaspé.

Indian Squaw and Papoose.

Prairie Indian, N.W. of Canada.

Meeting of 'T'rustees of a Back Settlement
School, Canada: The Teacher Talking
them over. Lent by the Canadian Go-
vernment,

Harvey, Grorcr, A.R.C.A., Halifax, Nova
Scctia.
In the Annapolis Valley.

Jupson, W.L., London, Ontario.
Chrysanthemums.
Fruit.

Kreieuorr. (Deceased.) ;

Death. Lent by Thos. Cross, Esq., Ottawa,
Ontario.

On the Look-out. Lent by Thos. Cross,
Esq., Ottawa, Ontario.

French Canadian “ Habitant.” Lent by
James Baine, Esq., of the Department of
Railways and Canals, Otta‘va, Ontario.

Minzs, J. C., A.R.C.A, St. John, New
Brunswick.
A New Brunswick Landscape.

MoEvoy, H., London, Ontario,
Eugene Falls

Red-head Ducks. Lent by His Excellency
the Marquis of Lansdowne.

Rosseau Lake, Muskoka. '

Old House at Ancaster, Ontario,

A Back-Country Road.

Ducks. Lent by James Smith, Esq,.,
Toronto.

Canadian Game.

Fir Trees, Lent by Her Majesty the
Queen.

O’Brien, L. BR, P.R.C.A., Toronto, Ontario.

Voyager’ on the St. Maurice. Lent by L.
P. Bruueau, Esq., Montreal, Quebec.

September on the Saguenay. Lent by His
Excellency the Marquis of Lansdowne,

Fort Chambly.

Sunrise on Lake St. John.

Tle Maligne, River Saguenay.

Ouiatchowin Falls, Lake St. John.

Portage at Chute-au-Diable, Peribonka
River. Lent by Col. Oswald, Montreal,
Quebec.

Outlet of Lake St. John by the Saguenay.
Lent by Col. Oswald, Montreal, Quebec.

La Tuque, St. Maurice River.

La Roche Perce.

Mount Eboulement. Lent by C. H. Nelson,
Esq., Toronto, Ontario.

View of the St. Lawrence from Quebec
Terrace.

Lake Scenery, Cape Carloton, Province
of Quebec. Leut by Her Royal High-
ness the Princess Louise.

Pret, Pavun, A.R.C.A., London, Ontario.
Covent Garden Market, London, Ontario.
Awaiting his Return.

Admiration,

Good-bye.

Return of the Harvesters.
Papa’s Boat.

Return of the Flock.

Perri, H., R.C.A., Toronto, Ontario.
Canadian Oak, Early Autumn. Lent by
J. Griffiths, Esq., London, Ontario,
London, Ontario. Lent by Her Royal
Highness the Princess Louise.
River Scene.

RapwakEn, W., R.C.A., Montreal, Quebec,
An Amateur.
L’ Enfant du Sol.
Neyer too Late to Mend.
Potatoes in Bloom.

Rem, G. A., A.R.C.A., Torpnto, Ontario.
Where the Crane Feeds.)

Rost, W. H., A.R.C.A., Ryde, Isle of Wight,
England.
View of Halifax.
A Quebec Timber Ship.

Sanpuam, H., R.C.A., Boston, U.S.A.

Un Habitant.
Gathering Seaweed. Lent by George
Hague, Esq., Montreal, Quebec,

Tobogganing.

Pictures shown in Gallery of Royal Albert Hall.

Scurtesen, Mrs., Toronto, Oatario.
Stumping in Canada. °

Sener, Miss F., New York, U.S.A.

Roses. Lent by His Excellency the Mar-

quis of Lansdowne.

Sauirn, F, M. Bett, A.R.C,A., London, On-
tario,

Laughing Kyes.
Fog Clearing.

Last Rays.

ia of Fundy.
{:q., Toronto, Ontario.

Rainy Day, St. John River.

Verner, F. A., 2 Edith Villas, West Ken-

sington, W., London, England.
Nature’s Mirror.
Buffalo.
High Water.
Indian Encampment,
Wigwams on Rainy River.
Elk at Rest.
Nepigon River.

|
Parliament Buildings, Ottawa, from the |

River.

Voer. (Deceased.)
Yow. Lent by J. Rankin, Esq., Montreal.
Cattle Drinking. Lent by J. R. Wilson,
Esq., Montreal.

Warson, Homer, R.C.A., Doon, Ontario.

The Saw Mill.
Esq., Ottawa, Ontario.

Frosty Morning in October. Lent by Geo.
Hague,Esq., Montreal, Quebec.

Gathering Storm. Lent by J. W. H. Watts,
Esq., Ottawa, Ontario.

Ploughed Field.

Landscape. Lent by the Marquis of Lorne.

River Toryent.

Lent by L. R. O’Brien,

oi

River Torrent. Lent by the Marquis of

Lorne.

Wooncock, P. F., R.C.A., Brockville; Ontario.
The Abandoned Nest.
Returning from the Well. Lent by the

Canadian Government.

Wickson, P. G., Paris, Ontario.

The Young Artist. Lent by His Excel.
lency the Marquis of Lansdowne,

Crass %,

Sculpture.
Bevuuiac, R., 1674 Notre Dame Street, Mons
treal, Quebec.
Religious Statues.

ag vgs L. P., 83 Bury Street, Montreal, Que-
C,

Staiue of Sir Hector Langevin, Minister of
Public Works in Canada.

Crass 8.
Engravings on Steel and on Wood. Etchings.
FLEWWELLING, C. H., St. John, New Brunswick.
Enxgravings on Wood, with Book of Prints
from the Engravings,
Engraved Blocks.
Jones, J. L., Toronto, County York, Ontario.
Wood Engraved Blocks, finished. peci-
mens of Wood Engraving and Desigrns. *

Lent by J. W. H. Watts, | Kopprr, ©. W., 187 St. James Street, Montreal,

Quebec.
Wood Engraving.
Rouen, Surru, & Co., Toronto, Ontario.
Wood Engraving. (See No. -)
Wiseman, James L., 162 St. James Street, Mon-
treal, Quebec.
Wood Engravings, Portraits, Views, &c.

NEW ZEALAND.
Oil Paintings.

Batt, Tuomas, Auckland,
View of Kauri Bush.

Beetuam, Ricwarp, R.M., Christchurch.
In the Hollyford Valley—West Coast.
Samoan Landscapes, with Cocoanut Palms.

BLoomFIELD, Cuares, Auckland.
Rotomahana, from Pink Terrace.
Full Front View of the Great White
Terrace.
Hy og: Canlinon and Orater of the White

Lower Pools, White Terrace.
Front View, Pink Terrace.
Side View of Pink Terrace.
Hot Baths, Pink Terrace,
Rotomahana, from Geysers of Terahopara-
terangi.
Mud Fiat.
Branpon, Eustace DE Batue, Molesworth St.,
Wellington.
Entrance to Milford Sound.
Among the Ranges, Wakatipu.

errace,
View from the Top of the White Terrace. | BRANFELL, B. A., Nelson.

Giant Butress and Venus’ Bath.
Venus’ Bath.

Sunset on the White Terrace.
Talooed Basins, White Terrace.

After a Long Day on the Sheep Run.
Sheep-shearing on the Waimea Plain.
Butuer, Dr. W. L., C.M.G., F.R.S.
Portrait-cf a Lady, by Lindauer.4

cii

Pictures shown in Gallery of Royal Albert Hall.

Butiock, Mrs. Marcaret, Wanganui.
gee Portraits of Maoris Chief and Chief-
tainess.

Buroner, Karuerimne, Auckland,
Whangarei Heads,

Cuarke, Mrs. J. MoCosn, Auckland,
Summer Evening near Auckland,
Cooper, THORNHILL, Christchurch.
Benares.
Himalayas from Jellapahan.

Drummonp, Txos. L., Auckland,
Manukau Harbour, Sunset,

Exurorr, Grores H., Christchurch,
Holmes Bay, Banks Peninsula,
Pigeon Bay, Banks Peninsula.

Fopvor, Gro. I'., Dunedin.
Flock of Merino Sheep,

Gisp, Joun, Christchurch.

Lyttelton Harbour, N.Z., inside the break-
water.

Lyttelton Harbour, N.Z., outside the break-
water.

A Stiff Breeze, Cook’s Straits.

Springtime, Canterbury Plains.

White-baiting on the Avon, Christchurch,

Flood in Otira Gorge.

Grips, W. M., Christchurch.
In the Fields near Christchurch.

Deans, Joun, Ricearton, Christchurch,
Three Portraits of Prize Catile.

Girrorp, Epwarp A., Auckland.
Mount Cosmos and the Valley of the Dart
from Kinloch, head of Lake Wakatipu.
Showery weather in the Otira Gorge.
Lake Ohau.
A heavy Sea on the East Coast of New
Zealand.

Merrirt, Tos. F., Wellington.
Wellington Harbour in 1841, after Major
Heaphy’s Sketch.
Taupo Range near Seventy-mile Bush.

Moornovse, Miss Jesste, Wellington,
Flowers on Plaque.

Movurray, J. Dovanias, Dunedin.
Mount Earnshaw from. Richardson’s
Mountain at head of Lake Wakatipu.
The Remarkables from Franktown Road,
Lake Wakatipu.
A Bush Fire in the Valley of Leith,
Dunedin.

Ovurnwaitre, Miss Isa, Auckiand.
Parkanae, Hokianga, Auckland,

Powsr, Prrer, Dunedin.
A New Zealand Homestead.
A Shady Nook.
A View on the Waters of Leith.

Payton, Epwarp W., Auckland.
Ngauruhoe, from the heights above the
King Country.
A Bend of the Wanganui.
Ti and Pukatea Trees, Wanganui,

Pre.r, James, Amberley.

Spring Morning: a farmer taking his cross
bred ewes with early spring lambs to
market, j

Summer, Noon: a Merry Christmas on the
ocean beach; a farmer’s family spending
their Summer holiday.

Autumn Afternoon: The Wheat Harvest,
with school children coming home.

Winter Evening: Sou’wester coming up;
ploughmen knocking off work; girl re-
turning with the cows.

Phantom Ship—Flying Dutchman.

Wreck of the Hesperus,

Pack Train, Ocean Beach, Westland.

Ricuarpson, Miss F. E., Wellington.

Three Flower Paintings: Double and
Single Poppies; Bragman’s; Roses on
Terra Cotta.

Ryan, Tromas, Auckland.

Swamp near the township of Taupiri on

the Waikato River.

Suerrirr, Grorce, Wanganui,
A Victim of the Keuas.
The Land of the Moa.

Sperry, Eveanor CATHERINE, Wellington.

1, Portrait. 2. Ione. 3, A Wellington
old Identity. 4. Maori Picture, Ani
Kuli. 5. My Pussy. 6. Raika. 7.
Devotion.

Symons, Joan, Auckland.
Oil Painting, A Settler's Homestead,
Sunset.

Trmpir, Epwyn F., Capr., Geraldine,
View on the Rangitata River.
Gorge in the Two Thumb Range,
View in Rangotikei.
Wiuson, Lawrence W., Dunedin.
Milford Sound.
There is a Happy Land, Far, Far away:
Sketch in Canterbury.

Watsins, Kennett, Auckland.
The Haunt of the Moa.
Autumnal Evening, Waikato River.
Mount Egmont at Sunrise.
Maoris rafting Kahikatea, Waikato River.

Various Paintings and Draivings.

Arpen, Francis Hamar, New Plymouth.
View of Mount Egmount from Tapuae.
View of Mount Egmont from Tatarimaka.
View from Urenui.

AtTcHEYLEY, H. M. L., Christchurch,
Maori Gateway, Hawkes Bay.
Maori Cances, Hawkes Bay.
Pataka or Maori Store-house, Hawkes Bay.
Maori Church with Carved Pulpit, Otaki,
East Coast. -

Briar, Davi (Head Master, Canterbury
Cee ean of ot » Christe Naa ae
of Paintings and Drawin illustrati
work done by the pupils. mh =

Pictures shown in Gallery of Royal Albert Hall.

Branrit, B. A., Nelson.
On the skirts of the Forest Ngatimoti.

Barravup, Cuaries D., Wellington.

Mount Cook trom the Tasman Valley.

Dusky Sound, West Coast.

North End of Wellington Harbour.

View of West Coast Scenery, N. I. looking
towards Mount Egmont from Nukumaru.

Raurakea, Maori Settlement on Wanganui
River.

Barravp, Witi1AM Francis, Wellington.
Sinclair Head, near Wellington.
View near Head of Lake Tekapo.
McKenzie Country, from Grampians
Station.

Barravp, Noet, Wellington.
View on the Derwent River, near Hobart,
Tasmania.

Best, Samvuet, Dunedin.
Crayon Portrait of Hon. R. Stout, Premier
of New Zealand.

Cank, Tuomas, Christchurch.
Mount Somers, Alford Forest.
Pea of Waimakariri, West Coast
oad. ’

CHEESEMAN, Emma, Miss, Auckland.
New Zealand Flowers: Group of Scarlet
Kowhais; Group of Yellow Kowhais.

Covsrns, T. 8., Christchurch.
On the Dart River, Otago.
In the North Branch of the Otira River,

Coorer, THORNHILL, Christchurch,
Rock Temple, Elaphanta.
Kutub Muiar.

EuioTr, Grorce H., Christchurch.

Holmes Bay, Bank’s Peninsula.

Old Mill near Christchurch.

Phormium Tenax, Christchurch, N.Z.

New Zealand Gully, Bank’s Peninsula.

On the Upper Heathcote, near Christ-
church.

One of the Early Mansions of Canterbury,
erected 1852.

FErEDAY, Ricwarp W.
Mount Somers, from Taylor’s Stream.

FLANAGAN, Frep. W., Wellington.
Pen-and-ink drawing: The Lord’s Prayer
in fifteen Languages.
Grant, Txos. M., Wellington.
Ten-and-ink drawing : Lettered Table.
Tiluminated Quotation.

GuLiy, Jonn, Nelson.

North West Gale, South Beach, Kaikoura;
Kaikoura Mountains. Exhibited by His
Lordship the Bishop of Nelson.

Camping Ground, Lake Wakatipu.—
Evening.

Waimea Haverling, Nelson District.

Western Coast of Tasman Bay. Exhibited
by the City of Nelson.

Two belonging to Larkworthy; Entrance
to Kulpore.

Hopexins, Wa. M., Dunedin.
Harvest Time in the Dome Pass, South-

land.
A Bush Settler’s District at Purakanui,
near Dunedin.

Het.iry, Mrs. G. B., Auckland.
New Zealand Flowers—Eight Pictures.

Jervors, His Exorntency Sm WILLIAM
Drummonp, G.0.M.G., C.B., Wellington,
Lake Rotomahana.

Lioyp, Henry G., Dunedin.
Milford Sound, Evening.
Mount Cook, West Coast.
bd Se whiny (in rata bloom), Hokitika
oad.
Port Chalmers, Moonlight.
Forty Sketches from Nature.

McCarpett, James Francis, Christchurch.
Illuminated Musical Calendar.

Maxwe.., Mrs. E. B., Wellington.
Flowers Painted on Satin for Tabel
Borders.

Moreton, Samvet, Invercargill. Hahibited by
Moreton Picture Co., Invercargill.
Double Cone; Remarkable Mountain’s
Morning, from Ben Lomond.
Mount Earnshaw, from Head of Lake
Wakatipu.
Mitre Peak, Milford Sound.
Spurs of Mount Cook: Evening; from the
Mile Track, Westland.
Walter Peak : Evening, Lake Wakatipu.

PauMER, Ropert G., Foxton, Manawatu,
Horowhenua Lake: Sunrise.

PowNatt, Ropert W., Wanganui.
Mount Egmont, from Nolan's Stockade:
A Relic of the Old War.
Mount Ruapehu at Sunset.
A quantity of Water-Colour Vignettes of
ew Zealand Foliage and Scenery.

Ricumonp, J. C., Nelson.
The Takaka Valley.

Ripines, Kare, Auckland.
New Zealand Flowers.

Roperrson, G. 8., Wanganui.
New Zealand Sketches,

Scorr, Jonn S., Dunedin.
Boulders on the Beach, Moeraki.

Sroppart, MarGarer O., Christchurch.
Paintings of New Zealand Flowers: Moun-
tain Daisies; In. the Bush; Yellow
Kowai; Native Clematis; Native Colts-
foot.

Srvart, Heney, Auckland.
Kight Maori Portraits.

Symons, Joun, Auckland.
Pirongia: a Mountain in the Waikato
District. :
Foul Weather: 2 Cornish Fishing Boat
running for Shelter.

* iv

Tizarp, Mrs. Evwarp F., Thames,
Pictures of Native Flowers.

Tripp, Harner L, M.
Painting in Water-Colours, on Satin: 2
Cushions, 2 Bracket Drapes, 1 Fan.
Wuiret, Louisa, Auckland, New Zealand.
Birds on Maori Mats.

MALTA.

Old Friends. By George Bonavia. (Oil.)

(oil ahaa for Liberty. By George Bonavia.
il,

Jack in Office. By George Bonavia, (Oil.)
Ave Maria. By George Bonavia. (QOil.)
Prize Roses at Christmas-time. By George

Bonavia. (Oil.)

Spring Roses. By George Bonavia. (Oil.)
A Maltese Lady in Mantilla. By George

Bonavia. (Oil.)

on and Holoferes. By George Bonavia.
u.

Tasso Reciting his Poem tv Bleanor del

Este. By G, Bonnici. Oil.)

Panorama. By Mrs. Manché. (Oil.)

(ona of St. Augustine. By G. Cepail.
il.
La Pergola. By. G. Bonavia. (Oil.)

The Assassins. By Annetta Gami. (Oil.)
A View in Switzerland.

By Mrs. Manclié.
(Oil.)

Autumn Roses. By G. Bonavia. (Oil.)
The Death of Abel. By L. Pisani. (Oil.)
A Maltese Lady. By Favré Carravaggio. (Oil.)
The Death of St. Joseph. By Arena. (Oil.)
(oil) Raphael the Archangel. By G. Calliga.
il.
Landscape. By Mrs. Manché. (Oil.)
Susanna and the Elders. By Carlo T. Cortio.

(Oil.)
A View in Sicily. By James Ellis. (Oil.)
St. Julian’s Bay. By James Ellis. (Oil.)
A Fountain. By F. Wassalo. (Oil.)
A Streetin Cairo. By G. Gianni. (Oil.)
View of the Entrance of the Grand Harbour,
By F. Wassalo. (Water-colour.)
Calabrese Costume. By Mrs. Manché. (Oil.)

Elias the Prophet. By G. Cepail. (Oil.)

Maria Seala. By G. Schranz. (Water-
colour.)

Orta della Marina. By F. Wassalo. (Water-
colour.)

A Maltese Lady. By Favre Caravaggio.
-(il.)

John Moore. By C. Callija. (Oil.)

A Mill by Moonlight. By Miss Andrews.
(Water-colour.)

Ta Gain Hadid Tower. By F. Wassalo.
(Water-colour.)

~The’ Grand Harbour. By J. Schranz.
(Water-colour.)

~ The Custom House, Malta, By J. Schrauz.
' CWater-colour.)

Pictures shown in Gallery of Royal Albert Hall.

Wustprris, Miss J., Port Chalmers,
Mount Alta and the Aspiring Range, from
Wannuka East.
Views of Dunedin.
A Winter Morning.
Study of Rimu, near Parakanui.

A Landscape. By Mrs. Manché, (Oil.)
The Great Storm of 1852, By J. Schranz.

(Water-colour.)

The Shipwreck. By J. Schranz.. (Water-
colour.)

The Marsa Race-course. By J. Scbranz.
(Water-colour.)

A Road at Casal Kirkop. By G. Calleja.

(Water-colour.)
Marsamuscetto Harbour. By ©. Ullo.
(Water-colour.)
The Sea by Moonlight. By G. Galleja.
(Water-colour.)
The Old English Cemetery, Malta. By G.

Calleja. (Oil.)
Crayon Portrait. By E. Bussutil. (Oil)
Shylock and Jessica. By F. Manio, (Oil.)
The Wedding-ring. By F. Manio. (Oil.)
An Old Friend. By F, Manio. (Oil.)
St. Julian’s Bay. By Victor Micallef.
(Water-colour.)
The Great Exhibition of 1851. By G. Gal-

leja. (Water colour.)
A Madonna. By G. Bonnici. (Water-
colour.)

A Crayon Portrait. By Reginald Bernard.
(Water-colour.)

St. John’s Church, Malta. (5 enoeeer)

St. Julian’s Bay. By V. Michaleff. (Water-
colour.)

A Mythological Subject.
(Oil.)

Water-colour Drawings. By F. Manio.

Illuminated Address to Sir Henry Storks. By
I. Manio.

Crayon Portrait of Dr. P. Nani. By Paul

By Carbonara.

Carabolt.
Head of Christ. Crayon, by A. Pizzuto.
bt Julian's Bay. By J. Calleja. (Water
colour.

Charles II. Knighting the Loin of Beef. By
F. Manio. (Oil.)
Semen and the Apothecary. By F. Manio

il.)
(Oil) Egyptian Donkey Boy. By G. Bonnici
i )
An vo Woman Spinning. By G. Bon-
nici. il.)
A Day in the Desert. By G. Giani. (Oil.)

(ony in the Desert. By G. G
il.
View of Corfu. By Giovanni

i (Water-colour.)

Pictures shown in Gallery of Royal Albert Hall.
Tomb, | Cross-stitch Work. By Mrs. E. Role Kerry.

ly Women at Jesus Christ’s
By Ge Gelseree Fre ek, (Water-colour.)

ye

Peneil’ Drewings.

A Piece of Old Gobelins ig

Tempera Painting. 4s bok

Designs for Inlaid ork, By
Wasealo.

The Lyceum at Malta. By Guiseppe Cesareo,

Picture on Slate. By G. delle Notti.

Mill at Casal Zgurrico. By G. Calleja.

View from the Vaulted Roof of St. John’s
Church, Malta. By Miss C. Currugia.

The Life Boat. ¥ yy Speranza.

Crayon Drawing.

Hair Work. By G. of Patt

Hand-
Malta. By Guiseppe | (Water-colours.)

ater-colour.)
By. F’. Manio.
in Fresco. By F. Manio,

wa A restored.

cv

painted Cards, By Miss F. E. Cowley

con Scene in Malta. By Antonio Favré.
SA oan atts We
© Holy n
milo Canché. i nee ar
Funeral Procession of Admiral Angelo Emo,

By G. Frends. (Water-
colour.)

Woolwork Cushion. By F. Delali.
Embroidery. By Publicius.
Woolwork Cushion. By F. Delali.'
Beadwork. By C. Felica.
BB scesrewac mg hal the Body of see of the
eet, Angelo Emo. By Saverio Troisi. (Pen-
and-ink Drawing.)

Giovanni | By Saverio Troisi.

The Staircase.

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( 8 )

THE EMPIRE OF INDIA.

HISTORICAL RETROSPECT.

_ First East India Company, 1600.—The English East India Company, which
commenced and consolidated our Empire in the East, had its origin at the close
of the 16th century in a difference with the Dutch regarding the price of pepper.
The cost of that article had hitherto been about 38. per pound; in 1599 the
Hollanders raised it against the English to 6s, Thereupon the merchants of
London held a meeting, with the Lord Mayor in the chair, to establish
an association for the purpose of trading direct with India. On the 31st of
December, 1600, the English East India Company was incorporated by Royal
Charter, under the title of “ The Governor and Company of Merchants of London
trading to the East Indies,” with 125 shareholders, and a capital of £70,000. This
sum was raised to £400,000 when voyages to India were first undertaken on
the joint-stock account. Those voyages were at first chiefly voyages of experi-
ment, and profitless. The Portuguese would not allow any interference with their
trade on the western coast of India, and hostilities ensued ; but in 1615 Captain
Best with four English ships won a great victory over the Portuguese squadron
at Surat, and succeeded in obtaining a treaty from the Emperor Jehdngi, by
which an ambassador from the Court of England was permitted to reside at the
Court of the Great Moghul; and other privileges in furtherance of the
Company’s trading interests were accorded. The Ambassador, Sir Thomas Roe,
was sent out immediately by King James I., and gained other trading con-
cessions. James’s successor being in need of money, gave a new Charter to a
new Company of merchant adventurers, to the prejudice of the previously-
existing rights granted by the Charter of Queen Elizabeth. For a time this
caused the utmost disorder to trade. ‘Interlopers,” as they were called,
availed themselves of the opportunity to speculate upon their own account, and
established a system of European piracy in the Indian Seas, which frightened
and harassed the natives, and brought all legitimate trade to the very verge of
tuin. The strong hand however of Cromwell was put forth in time to save
utter Commercial collapse. The rival companies combined; the Navigation Act
|fgave an impetus to fresh trade; concessions were obtained from the European
maritime powers which laid broader foundations for the commercial prosperity
f Great Britain; while the general credit of the English traders—notwith-
ding certain “piratical” exceptions—for probity began to make a due
impression in India.

Madras Founded, 1639.—The first territorial possession which the English
uired was a strip of land on the coast below Masulipatam, six miles long
d one mile inland, purchased from one of the Hindoo rajahs of the Penin-ula
1639. Here they built a factory with a surrounding wall, which, surmounted
vith some cannon, they called Fort St. George. In 1653 this settlement of
adras was.created an independent Presidency.

B2

4 The Empire of India.

Bombay Founded, 1668.—On the west coast the English had established a
factory at Surat as carly as 1612. In 1661 the island of Bombay was given by
Portugal to Charles II. as part of the dowry of his bride, Catherine of Braganza ;
but it was not made over until 1665. Three years afterwards the “ Merry
Monarch” sold his rights over it to the East India Company for an annual
payment of £10. In 1687 the Company withdrew their factory from Surat, and
Bombay became tho seat of the Western Presidency.

Calcutta Founded, 1698.—It was not until 1634 that the Company obtained
permission from the Moghul Emperor to trade in Bengal, and in 1640 the first
English factory was established at Hughli. In 1681 Bengal was declared a
separate Presidency ; but the Company, although holding certain subordinate
factories at Cossinbazar, Patna, Balasore, Malda and Dacca, had not yet acquired
any territorial possessions as in Madras and Bombay. In 1696 the Nawab of
Bengal ordered the confiscation of all the English factories. The merchants at
Highli retreated twenty-six miles down the river to a village amid the swamps.
Here they laid the foundations of the original Fort William, and purchased
from the son of the Emperor Aurangzeb the three villages of Sutanati, Kalikata,
and Govindpur. This was the beginning of Calcutta, the city of palaces, and
the capital of the British Empire in Hindustan.

About this time another rival association, with a capital of two millions
sterling, and calling itself the “ Scotch East India Company,” was incorporated,
and issued licenses for free trade in the East. Over-trading was the result of
this rivalry. The English markets were glutted with Indian produce, while
the English manufacturers, feeling the effects of the excessive importation of
calicoes and silks, petitioned for their prohibition, or for increased import
duties. A compromise was, however, effected in 1708 through the arbitration
of Earl Godolphin, and all the English Companies were finally amalgamated
under the name of “'The United Company of Merchants trading to the East
Indies” under the charter granted by Queen Anne.

The United East India Company.—In 1744 war broke out between the English
and French in Europe. Dupleix was then governor of the French Settlement
at Pondicherri, and Clive was a young writer at Madras. In 1746 that town
surrendered to a French squadron, but by the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, two
years afterwards, it was restored to the English. Dupleix, notwithstanding
the existing European peace, endeavoured to destroy the English influence in
India, but he was no match in the field for the young writer, who had then
exchanged the pen for the sword, as the surprise and subsequent defence of
Arcot by Clive proved. The story of the capture of Calcutta by Siraj-ud
Dowlah, and the tragedy of the Black Hole needs no repetition. Clive, who w
at Madras, sailed at once with Admiral Watson’s squadron, and speedil
recovered the city, and on the field of Plassey gained a victory which has bee
accepted in history as fixing the date of the true foundation of the Britis
Empire in India. The Nawab surrendered the tract of country round Calcut
known as the Twenty-Four Parganés—an area of upwards of 800 square mil
To this four years afterwards was added the grant of the three districts 0
Bardwén, Midnapur, and Chittagong, estimated to yield a net revenue of half
a million sterling. In 1765, after the revolt of Mir Késim had been put downj

he Company obtained the fiscal administration of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa

PR

The Empire of India. 5

Snel ereannteemnatttiactentinenstitertenerseeengneenene reenter: speearsesenseasmetonmeatteissaialantae te ssi ee
The immediate successor to Clive was Warren Hastings, the first and greatest
Governor-Genoral of India. It was his ambition as an administrator to
consolidate the territory acquired by his soldier predecessor. He found himself,
however, forced into wars with the Mahrattas and with Mysore. Although he
bettered the finances of Bengal to the extent of a million sterling a year, almost
the only territory acquired during his administration was the suzerainty of
Benares, for of the conquests made in the Mahratta war, only Salsette and
Elephanta and two other small islauds were retained by the English.

The first war with Mysore was concluded by a peace with Tipa in 1784 on
the basis of a mutual restitution of all conquests. But on the close of ihe second
Mysore war, in 1792, when Lord Cornwallis, then Governor-General, led the
British Army in person with the Nizam of the Deccan and the Mahratta chiefs
as allies, Tipit was made to yield one half of his dominions to be divided between
his conquerors, and to pay three millions sterling indemnity.

At the close of the 18th century the English power was paramount in
Lower Bengal, and was further consolidated from the sea-board to Benares high
up the Gangetic valley. In Southern India the Company’s possessions were
chiefly confined to the coast districts of Madras and Bombay.

In 1798 Tord Mornington, better known as the Marquis of Wellesley,
arrived in India as Governor-General, bringing with him the determination that
England must be the one paramount power in the Peninsula, and that the
native princes could only retain the insignia of sovereignty by surrendering

their political independence. In 1801 the Nawab of Oudh, who had agreed
to pay a subsidy of £760,000 a year for the aid of British troops, but who was
always in arrears, made over to the Company in lieu of a cash payment the
district of Rohilkhand and the fertile tract between the Ganges and the
Jumna, known as the Dofb. This made the English territorial rulers as far as
the centre of the present North-Western Provinces, and established their
political influence in Oudh. In 1799 a third war broke out with Mysore, Tipi
having been discovered intriguing with the French. At Seringapatam, where
his capital was stormed by the English, he died fighting in the breach, and his
territories, with the old State of Mysore, were portioned between the English
and their allies, the Nizém of Haidarabad and the Mahrattas. About this time
the Carnatic and Tanjore were placed under direct British administration, thus
constituting the Madras Presidency al:aost as it has existed to the present
day. In 1800 the English territorial influence in the Bombay Presidency was
increased by the grant of districts made over by the Peshwé of Poona—an act
Which so incensed the other Mahratta chiefs that it led them into war against
the British. This second Mahratta War was made famous by the successes of
Sir Arthur Weillesley and General Lake, the former winning the decisive
Victories of Assaye and Argaum and capturing Ahmednagar, and the latter
being equally successful in the pitched battles at Aligarh and Laswéri, and
taking’ the cities of Agra and Delhi. The French troops of Sindhia were
scattered, and he himself to secure peace ceded all claims to the territory north of
the Jumna, his companion in arms and misfortune, the Bhonslé Raja of Nagpur,
making submission too, and forfeiting Orissa to the English.

This campaign brought the North-Western Provinces under British rale.

6 The Empire of India.

The new districts were amalgamated with those previously acquired from the
Nawab of Oudh into the “‘ Ceded and Conquered Provinces.”

It was not until the succession of the Earl of Moira, better known as the
Marquis of Hastings, to the Governor-Generalship that there was any further
increase to the Company’s territorial possessions in the East ; but during the two
wars in which he embarked, viz., the campaign against the Girkhas and that
against the Mahraitas, these possessions were considerably extended. The
defeat of the former gave to the English the much-coveted hill sanitaria of
Naini Tal, Massuri, and Simla, and that of the latter added the dominions of
the Peshwé to the Bombay Presidency. The overthrow of the Pindaris, which —
took place in the same year (1818) secured the territory which formed tho

‘nucleus’ of the present Central Provinces. At the same time the States of
Rajputand accepted the position of feudatories to the paramount British Power,
the only exception being the district of Ajmere, made over by Daulat Rao Scindia
in 1818, and the tract known as Mairwara, annexed in 1820. From this time,
until the accession to power of Lord Dalhousie, the boundaries of the British
Empire in India remained substantially unchanged.

But a conquest in another direction was made in the meantime under Lord
Amherst, who in 1823 had succeeded the Marquis of Hastings. The insolence
of the King of Ava, accompanied by a series of encroachments upon the British
districts of Bengal, forced the Governor-General to declare war against Burma
in 1824, The first Burmese campaign lasted for two years, causing a loss to the
British of 20,000 lives, chiefly from disease, and an expenditure of £14,000,000,
but giving England possession of the Provinces vf Arakan and Tenasserim, the
King of Ava abandoning also all claim to Assam.

din 1833 the Charter of the East India Company was renewed for
twenty years, but on condition that the Company should abandon its trade
entirely and permit Europeans to settle in the country. Lord William Bentinck
was then Governor-General, and his seven years’ rulo was an epoch of
administrative reform, signalised by only one act of annexation, that of the little
territory of Coorg, which was taken under British sway “in consideration of the
unanimous wish of the people.”

In 1842 Lord Auckland was superseded by Lord Ellenborough, during whose
brief administration the great Province of Sind was annexed after the overthrow
of the Ameers by Sir Charles Napier at the desperate battle of Miani. In
June, 1844, Lord Ellenborough was recalled by the Court of Directors, and was
succeeded by Sir Henry (afterwards Lord) Hardinge. At that time there was
but one remaining Hindu power in India—that of the Sikh nation. In 1845
war was declared by the Governor-General, the Sikh army numbering 60,000
men with 150 guns havirg crossed the Sutlej and invaded British territory.
Within three weeks four pitched battles were fought, at Mudki, Ferozshahr,
Aliwél, and Sobréon, ending in the driving back of the invaders and the
surrender to the British of Lahore and the Jalandhar Doab, or tract between
the Sutlej and the Ravi, a British force being left to garrison the Punjab for eight
years.’ In 1848 Lord Hardinge returned to England, and was succeeded hy the
“ greatest of Indian Pro-consuls”—Lord Dalhousie. During his eight years’ rule
as Governor-General the policy of annexation may have said to have culminated.
The treacherous assassination of two British officers at Miltan led to a general

The Empire of India. | 7

rising in the Punjab, and the Sikhs again took the field. Multan. fell before the
British arms, and at the battle of Gujrat the Sikh power was utterly destroyed.
The Punjab was proclaimed a British Province on the 29th of March, 1849.

Three years afterwards fresh insults and ill-treatment towards Europeans
by the King of Ava brought about another Burmese War. Tho whole Valley
of the Irawadi, from Rangoon to Prome, was occupied in a few months by British
troops, and as the King refused to treat or make reparation it was annexed under
the name of Pegu to the Provinces of Arakan and Tenasserim, which the Company
had acquired in 1826,

; The. policy of Lord Dalhousie towards the native feudatory states was
that misgovernment or lapse of natural successor should cause such state
to |.pse to the British Government, on the maxim that the good of the
governed should be the first vonsideration. Accordingly the State of Sétéra in
1849, and that of Jhansi in 1853, becamo British territory, and on the death
of the last of the Mahratté Bhonslis of Négpur, his territories were annexed,
and became the Central Provinces in 185%. In that year the Nizim of Haidar-
4bid was induced to hand over to British administration the district known
as the Berars, as a territorial guarantee for his arrears of subsidy. But
the culminating act of annexation was that of the Kingdom of Oudh
in 1856—an act which had been resolved upon only after long and painful
hesitation on the part of the Court of Directors, and after repeated friendly
warnings to the Oudh Government, which was one of tyranny and oppression
to the people. The proclamation was issued on the I3th of ‘February, 1856,
and Oudh was annexed to British territory without a blow ur the shedding of
a drop of blood. Lord Dalhousie, who returned to England almost immediately,
but only to die, was succeeded by his friend Lord Canning, whose Viceroyalty
was clouded by the storm of the Mutiny, which burst forth in the Sepoy Army
in May, 1857. The fate of the British Empire in India—at stake for a moment
—was decided by the valour of Englishmen—soldiers and civilians, aided by
the loyalty of native soldiers and chiefs, who remained faithful to their “salt”
and treaty obligations. -

But the Mutiny decided the fate of the East India Company, which had
then existed for two and a half centuries, and whose charter’ had been
renewed for the last time in 1853, but only for a period at the discretion of
Parliament. -On the 1st of November, 1858, at a Grand Darbér held at Alla-
habad, Lord Canning announced that the Queen of England had assumed the
entire government of India. On January 1st, 1877, at another and more
magnificent Darbdr, held by Lord Lytton on the “ Ridge ” at Delhi, overlooking
the ancient capital of the Moghals, and attended by all the great feudatory
Princes and chiefs throughout the land, Her Majesty was proclaimed Empress
of all India.

~ In 1786, when Lord Cornwallis landed at Calcutta as Governor-General, the
British Empire’ in India comprised ouly Bengal and Behar in Eastern
Hindustan, a very'little area round Bombay in ‘> Western ‘Dekhan, and a
somewhat larger area round Madras, in the Eastern Peninsula, In 1886 the
British power is paramount over an. area of more than a million and a half
of square miles, containing upwards of two hundred and fifty millions of

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The Empire of India, 9

INTRODUCTION.

The Colonial and Indian Exhibition is primarily due to the, initiative of
H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, whose carnest desire and object it has been that
the series of Exhibitions should culminate finally in one great Imperial
display, of the resour:es and industries of the Empire of India, and of the
Colonies that constitute what has been well called Greater Britain. His Royal
Highness, as Executive President of the Royal Commission, at the first meeting
of the Commissioners, held on March 30, 1885, said that the project was essen-
tially one of a national and imperial character, differing in this respect from
former exhibitions, in which the elements of trade rivalry and profit largely
predominated.

At the same meeting the Earl of Kimberley, the Secretary of State for
India, indicated the purpose and method of the Exhibition in the following
words :—‘ There is, perhaps, nothing more desirable for India, than that its
products and industries should be well known in this country, although we have
much more to learn from than to teach them. ‘Their beautiful manufactures
which they have produced for so many ages have proved that there is a know-
ledge of anany branches of art, which it would be a thousand pities should be
‘diminished under our rule. I have often been struck with the calamity of the
iatroduction of our taste into Eastern arts and manufactures, for their taste is far
better than ours, although we have no doubt engineering knowledge and skill,
and the command of capital ; and I cannot conceive of any advantage greater than
that the two countries should .be brought together. The Government of India
will undertake the collection and management ‘to a great extent of what is to be
sent to this country. You will see from the immense size of our Indian Empire
and the position of the Government there, that it is much better this should be
taken in hand by the Government.”

In order to thoroughly carry out the idea, so far as India is concerned, and
to ensure a thorough and complete representation of her arts, industries, and
resources, the Secretary of State for India not only guaranteed a sum of
£20,000 to the guarantee fund, but also authorised the expenditure by the
Government of India of about 100,000 rupees, practically equal to about
£7,500, in providing a collection of the natural history, ethnography, and social
economy, administration, raw products, and primary manufactures of India.
It was further arranged that the Imperial and provincial collections, which
were being prepared for the projected Bombay Exhibition, should be forwarded
to South Kensington.

Mr. Buck, Secretary to the Government of India in the Revenue and
Agricultural Department, and Commissioner for India, describes the scheme
under which the collections of exhibits provided by or through the agency of
the Government of India‘ have beén arranged. “These collections, made with
the assistance of the Governments of Presidencies and Provinces and of the

10 The Empire of India.

Rulers of Native States, are distributed in three main divisions over the spaces
allotted to the Government of India.

The divisions are :—I. The Art-ware Courts, containing specimens of art-ware
and ornamental fabrics from each Indian Province or State. II. The Economic
Court, in which are placed economical products and exhibits of agriculture
and ethnology from the whole Empire. III. The Administrative Courts, con-
taining exhibits contributed by administrative departments. The primary
arrangement of the division which comprises the Art-ware Courts is geo-
graphical, and not, as has hitherto been the case in all Exhibitions to.
which India has contributed, technical. In other words, Art exhibits are |
primarily divided with reference to locality, and not with reference to classi-
fication. It is true that, in the descriptive labels attached to each exhibit,
an uniform classification has been followed in accordance with a classified list,
which will be found in the Special Catalogue, but the primary arrangement has
reference to the place of manufacture, and not to the place which the exhibit
occupies on the classified list. The cause of this departure from the usual
system is to be found in the circumstance that in India the Art manufactures of
any one place are, as a rule, so different in character from those of any other
place that they ought not to be confounded by being brought under the same
group. It is no exaggeration to say that a particular kind of Art-ware is often
manufactured by one or two families only in a single locality. The absence,
until a very recent date, of free communication throughout the country, the
fact that the introduction of many Art trades in India is due to the importation
by some ruling prince of one or two workmen from a country beyond the
frontier, or from another State or Province, and the custom, consequent on
caste system, of passing on every trade from father to son, are among the causes
which have helped to maintain a practice so singularly conservative.

The geographicai arrangement which has been followed in the Art-ware
Courts has the further adva.cage of indicating with considerable clearness the
changing complexion and v. -..ucter of Art manufacture as we pass from one
part of India to another. It is easy to observe, for instance, the greater effect of
Persian influence on many of the Art manufactures in the Punjab, when these
are compared with those of ‘Provinces further south; this circumstance being
due to the fact that the Punjab has always been from its position the first
province to be overrun by successive inroads of invaders from beyond the North-
West Frontier. It is easy again to notice that many of the Art manufactures of
large cities are of such a kind as could only have been supported by the
patronage of a luxurious Court, such as that which existed under the Mogul
Emperors at Delhi; or to form the conclusion from an examination of the Art

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The Empire of India. 11

specimens contributed by the capitals of decayed principalities, that the decline
of much Indian decorative Art is due to the fact that manufacturers have now to
work for a class of purchasers far poorer as well as less luxurious in habit than
the wealthy nobles and princes of the courts of ancient times. *

It will not be out of place to take advantage of the preceding remarks to
explain that one important decorative Art has still survived with encouraging
symptoms of vitality under the support of the wealthy members of the middle
classes ; this is the decoration of temples and ‘house exteriors, The tendency in
the present day is for wéalth to accumulate in the hands of bankers and
merchants, and the custom still prevails for men of this class to spend some part
of their surplus wealth in decorating the houses of themselves and of the gods
they worship with carving in wood and stone. It was thought desirable, there-
fore, that this living type of decorative Art should be given suitable prominence
in the screens which form a double facade in front of the Provincial Courts.
The idea of thus illustrating the decorative carving which ornaments so many
of the streets and temples of India was originated on a small scale in one or two
of the Courts of the Calcutta Exhibition of 1883, which were enclosed by carved
balustrades on the level of the ground. But in order to avoid interference with
the free passage of the public, it was decided by the Royal Commissioners that in
London the carved work must be raised on arches, and it is satisfactory to know
that this plan has rendered possible the imitation with greater closeness of the
architectural style prevailing in India, which confines the richest part of the
carving to the arches of door-ways and to verandah balustrades. The carved
screens have been construc‘ed from a grant specially made for the purpose by
the Royal Commissioners, and. they form a conveniont frame-work to the Courts
containing the exhibits of each Province and Native State.

The arrangement of the Economic Court is not, like that of the Art-ware
Courts, geographical, but follows the scientific arrangement adopted in the
classified list. ‘I'he conditions of a collection of products differ much from those
of a collection of Art-wares. Had any attempt been made to exhibit separately
the products of each Province and each Native State of the Indian Empire, the
wdertaking, besides entailing great expense and trouble, would have involved
the unnecessary reduplication of a very large quantity of material. Very few
products are confined to a single Province, and a very large number are common
toall. It would, therefore, have been plainly undesirable to entail upon each
separate Government the labour and expense of providing a separate collection
of products from each separate geographical area, merely in order to crowd ihe
tooms of the Economic Court with repeated specimens of the same exhibits.
Those who desire to learn the geographical distribution of any one product will
find any information they may require in the scientifically arranged ledger to

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12 The Empire of India.

which reference has already been made, and copies of the first volume of which
can be obtained at the office of the Economic Court.*

In arranging the disposition of the area allotted to economic products, it was
found convenient that the Court should comprise also collections of Ethnological
and Agricultural exhibits. The object of the former is two-fold: in the first
place to give to the people of England some practical idea of the variety of races
which are found in different parts of the great continent of India, as well as of
the various manners in which ornamental fabrics are utilised as articles of
dress; in the second place, to encourage an art which seems capable of
attaining considerable excellence in India—that of clay modelling. The clay
modellers in more than one Province of the Empire are in some respects equal
to the best terra-cotta workers in Italy, and the system for the first time
adopted in connection with this Exhibition of reproducing their work in plaster
of Parist seems likely to give prominence and encouragement to the plastic
art of the country, since it will now be possible to meet any demand which
may arise for such work with less risk of breakage and at a much smaller |
cost.

The object with which the collection of agricultural implements has been
made is also two-fold: first, to give to the English public some insight into the
agricultural methods and practices of the country, and secondly, to invite the
attention of manufacturers to the class of implements required by Indian agri-
culturists. The series is sufficiently complete to show that what the Indian
agriculturist wants are simple and easily-handled implements, and that in this
direction only is there any hope that the manufacturers of England can find
any extensive outlet for agricultural machinery.

The third section of the space allotted to the Government of India is
occupied by the Administrative Courts. With few exceptions, the exhibits in
this class offer from their nature little attraction to the eye, yet the series of
records and reports which have been provided will enable any persons who
desire to make themselves acquainted with the details of the internal adminis-
tration of India to ascertain the sources from which the best and most complete
information is obtainable. The presence too of the Administrative Courts in
the Exhibition building will help to give some practical notion of the vast
machinery required for the administration of the Indian Empire, and in this

* The “ Dictionary of the Economic Products of India,” compiled under the direction of
the Government of India in the Reyenue and Agricultural Department, by Dr. G. Watt, MB.,
F.LS.

+ A system developed by Mr. J. Schaumberg, artist, attached to the Geological Survey
Departmeat of India.

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The Hmpire of India. 13

view the contents of these Courts hold a significant position among the
exhibits provided by the Government of India.

The plan of the Indian Section shows that it has been arranged on the lines
laid down by Mr. Buck, viz., a series of Art Courts, » Court devoted to Economic
Products and Agricultural and Ethnological Exhibits, and a space set apart to
give some idea of the several chief departments of Government. There is also
a Court occupied by private Indian exhibitors, and another for the display both
to the eye and to the taste of Indian teas, coffees, and tobaccos. Beyond and
independent of these is the magnificent structure which will be known as the
Indian Palace.

The Vestibule is draped with the most superb examples of the finest chintzes
of Kashmir, and from Kot Kamalia in the Punjab. ‘The care and taste of Mr.
Purdon Clarke, and tie ready co-operation of the Maharaja of Kashmir, secured
the special manufacture of these unequalled fabrics. Round the vestibule stand
on guard portrait-models of representative soldiers and native officers of the
Indian army, showing the dress, arms, and accoutrements of the principal native
regiments of the Indian Empiro. Lieut.-Col. Coker, under whose supervision
the models were made by order of the Military Department of the Government
of India, has furnished a most interesting detailed list of the individual soldiers,
and the history of the twenty-five regiments represented. The stalwart Lance-
Naick of the Governor-General’s Body Guard, contrasting with the sturdy little
Gurkha, an example of the brave men who fought side by side with our own
gallant Highlenders—the Bengal infantry and cavalry, the Madras and Bombay
armies, the Sikh soldiery once our deadly foes, but who, from the mutiny down
to the Soudan campaign, have stood side by side with the English soldiers
in rivalry of faithful and valiant service—all are here represented.

From this stretch away the Economic Court on the left, the Administrative
Gallery, and the Courts of Private Exhibitors and of Teas and Tobaccos on the
right; and in front is the entrance to the successive Art Courts, with their bewil-
dering display of Indian splendour and cunning handicraft. The order naturally
adopted will be to take the Art Courts first. .That, too, will be the order observed
in these pages ; then the Imperial Court of F:conomic Products, to be followed
in order by the Administrative Galleries, the Court of Private Exhibitors, and
the Court of Teas and Tobaccos. Tl .ndian Palace—the ultimate goal and the
crowning work of the Indian Exhibition—will close the brief description.

THE ART-WARE COURTS.

The purpose of the pages devoted .o the successive divisions of the Indian
Art Ware Courts is to give a necessarily succinct description of the principal

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arts and manufactures displayed. It is impossible to do more than indicate the
principal groups, and direct attention to the more prominent objects in these
groups. The special catalogue of the Indian Section must be referréd to by
those who wish to make a thorough examination of the large and varied col-
lection which has been got together by the Government of India through
the instrumentality of special officers, appointed in each province or state.
Much has been purchased, much has been contributed by the munificence of
the native rulers and aristocracy. The reasons for adopting the geographical
arrangement, in lieu of grouping together the examples of the same branch of
art industry from every centre, in a comparative display have beer fally given
in the preface. It may, however, be useful to indicate somewhat roughly the
places or districts which hold a higher place than others in the principal art
industries.

For gold and silver work the Punjab has ever held a high reputation.
Separate from it in the Exhibition will be found the exquisite parcel-gilt,
silver, and chased gilt work for which Kashmir is distinguished. Lucknow in
the North-Western Provinces was formerly famous for its vessels of mixed gold
and silver, and also for parcel-gilt silver, similar to that of Kashmir. In Bengal,
Dacca is at present the seat of the manufacture of excellent gold and silver plate.
The goldsmiths aud silversmiths of Gujerat, especially of Dholka, Virumgam,
and Ahmedabad, of Cutch and of Sind must be looked for in the Bombay Court.
The Madras gold and silversmiths still retain their ancient manipulative
dexterity in pierced and hammered plate, and the characteristic swami work
is well known. The universal use of sacred and domestic utensils in brass and
copper makes the widespread manufacture of such articles an absolute
necessity. In the Punjab, however, Karnul, Amritsar, and Lahore take the
lead in this metal work. In the North-Western Provinces, Benares is first
in India for the multitude and excellence of the sacred images, and all sorts of
brass work, both religivuus and domestic, which wili be found in this Court. In
Bengal there are several places noted for their metal work. Every kind of
domestic utensil in brass and bell-metal is made especially at Murshidabad,
Muldah, and Shahabad. At Kagmari in the Dacca Division, brass, iron, and
white metal work are produced on a large scale. Homeliness of form dis-
tinguishes the work of the braziers of Nagpore and Chanda, and other places in
the Central Provinces. In the Bombay Presidency, Nasik, Poona, and Ahmed-
abad are foremost for their copper and brass work. In the Madras Presidency
the brass work of Madura and Tanjore surpasses all other work, not only in the
South but in the whole of India. The beautiful damascening in gold, called
koft work, is carried on in Kashmir at Gujerat, Sialkot, in the Punjab, and
also in Hyderabad in the Deccan. The bidri ware, as damascening in other

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metals is:called, from Bidar in Hyderabad, its original home, is said to have
been invented there by one of the Hindoo kings. Purniah and Murshidabad in
Bengal, and Lucknow in the North-West Provinces, are the most notable
seats of this art industry. Costly ornamented arms are made at Lahore, Sialkot
in the Punjab, and also in Kashmir. Monghyr in Bengal supplies also good
arms. Nagpore in the Central Provinces is noted for its steel Weapons.
Tumkur in the Madras Presidency has a hundred and twenty forges at
work, employed in the manufacture of arms and cutlery, and “ good swords,
spears and daggers” are also made at Kutwar and Vizianagram, the superbly-
mounted arms of the latter place being chiefly used in pageantry.

In jewellery, Kashmir and the Punjab produce the finest gemmed and
enamelled ornaments. The old court jewellers of the imperial and royal cities
of Delhi and Lucknow, though by no means as prosperous as their forefathers,
still maintain, though in diminished measure, their hereditary reputation. In
Bengal, the exquisite filigrain work of Cuttack, Murshidabad, and Dacca, and
the gold and silver jewellery of Monghyr are well known. In the Bombay
Presidency, Ahmedabad and Surat produce in the highest perfection the
massive and archaic Gujarati golden ornaments, and Sawantwadi produces the
best repoussé gold jewellery in mythological designs. Tumkur in Mysore,
Vizianagram, Vizegatapam, and Tanjore, are all famous for their gold and silver
ornaments, and the ‘Trichinopoly chains, necklaces and bracelets, are
universally known. The best enamelling on gold is produced in Rajputana,
especially at Jeypore, but the Sikh enamellers of the Punjab, from whose
ancestors the art was learned, still maintain the excellence of their work,
especially in silver enamelling.

The Indian lacquer work, which is now commoit enough in English houses,
alls into different divisions, both according to place and character. The
lacquered papier-maché work of Kashmir holds the highest place; then the
mnjab boxes, distinguished by their purple lac, the Rajputana boxes, the
eilly black lacquered furniture, and the lacquered work of Karnul, are all
liverse. Admirers of sandalwood carving will find the best examples, differing
in design and character, in the Bombay and in the Mysore and Coorg Courts.
e Surat and Bombay work is in low relief with foliated ornaments, while the
edabad work, while in flat relief, is deeply cut and the subjects are mixed,
» Kanara and Mysore work is in high relief, with mythological subjects.
Wood-carving, especially architectural, and ivory-carving are practised
hroughout India. The best modelled dolls or clay figures appropriately dressed
ill be found respectively from Krishnagur and Calcutta in the Bengal, from
w in the North-West Provinces, and from Poona in the Bombay Courts ;
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looked for in the Court devoted to the economic products, where they illustrate
the habits and customs of everyday life in Northern India and in Bengal.

In every Court the textile fabrics, whether in cotton or silk, will be found,
and it is impossible to do otherwise than quote the summary description taken
from Dr. Forbes Watson’s “ Classification of Cotton Piece Goods,” as given in
the “ Industrial Arts of India.” Among piece goods the first place is given to
Dacca muslin, abrawan or “running water ;” bafthowa, “ woven air ;” subhanam,
“evening dew;” all plain white webs, the poetic names of which convey to
the reader a truer idea of their exquisite fineness and delicacy, and of the
estimation in which they are held, than whole pages of literal description.
These fine muslins are all classed under the generic term of mulmul khas, or
‘kings’ muslins.” Plain muslins are made not only at Dacca and Patna, and
other places in Bengal, but also at Hyderabad in the Dakhan, and at Cuddapah
and Arniin Madras. Striped muslins, or dorias, are made at Dacca, Gwalior,
Nagpur, Hyderabad, Arni, and other places. Checkered muslins, or charkana,
are chiefly made at Dacca, Nagpur, Arni, and Nellore; and figured muslins,
jamdani, at Dacca. Dr. Forbes Watson describes them as the chef-d wuvre of the
Indian weaver. At Calcutta embroidered muslin is called chikan (needle work).
Muslins woven with coloured thread, and striped, checked, and figured, are
made at Benares, Arni, Nellore, and Chicacole in Madras; printed muslins at
Trichinopoly, and gold and silver printed muslins at Jaipur and Hyderabad
in the Dakhan. The process by which this mode of decoration is accomplished
is by stamping the desired pattern on cloth with glue; the gold or silver leaf, as
the case may be, is then laid on, and adheres to the glue. When dry, what has
not rested on the glue is rubbed off. Jn Persia, in the rare Ispahan chintzes, the
* gold is sprinkled in the form of dust on the pattern previously prepared with size.

The Calicoes.—Dr. Forbes Watson classifies as (a) plain calicoes, bleached
and unbleached, made all over India; (b) calicoes woven with coloured thread,
comprising first, susis and kesis, striped cloth of brilliant hue, made largely in
the Punjab and Sindh, and also at Surat, Palamcottah, Cuddalore, and other
places in Madras, and used chiefly for trouserings; second, also striped,
manufactured in Nipal and Pegu and used for skirts; and third, checks and
tartans, used also for skirts and petticoats, and manufactured at Ludianah,
Baroach, Tanjore, CuddaJore, Masulipatam, and other places in Madras; and (c)f
printed calicoes (chintzes, pintadoes) ; first, on a white ground manufactured ati.
Fattehgarh, Masulipatam, and Arcot, &c.; second, printed on a coloured groun
manufactured at Shikarpur, Agra, Fattehgarh, Bijapur, Bellary, Arcot, an
Ponneri in Madras ; and third, the celebrated palampores, or “ bed-covers,” 0
Masulipatam, Fattehgarh, Shikarpur, Hazara, and other places, which in poin
of art decoration are simply incomparable. As art ‘works, they are to be ¢!

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The Empire of India. 17

with the finest Indian pottery and the grandest carpets. Lastly, Dr. Forbes
Watson classes together the miscellaneous cotton fabrics, chiefly made for Anglo-
Indian use, such as the pocket-handkerchiefs of Nellore, the damask and diaper
table-cloths, napkins and towels of Madras, Salem, Masulipatam, Cuddalore and
Faroach, and the counterpanes and quilts of Karnul, Hyderabad in the Dekhan,
and Ludianih.

In silk manufactures the gorgeous and beautiful kinkhabs and gold brocades

come from the looms of the holy Benares of the North-Western Provinces,
‘Murshidabad, the whilom capital of Bengal proper, and still the residence of a
titular Nawab, and Ahmedabad; while Surat in the same Presidency comes close
upon them with its productions, so much prized in Further India. The poetical
names given to some of these fabrics, such as “moon and stars,” “ ripples of
silver,” ‘‘ sunshine and shade,” “ pigeons’ eyes,” “ nightingales’ eyes,” “ peacocks’
necks,” suggest a marvellous variety of richness and beaut y» The silks mixed
with cotton which are designed to assist devout Mussulmans in obeying the
precept of the Koran, are made in the Punjab and Sind, at Hyderabad in
the Dekhan, at Tanjore and Trichinopoly. Silk-weaving #s still a prosperous
industry in the Punjab, and in several divisions of Bengal. In the Madras
Presidency silk of rich texture and costly pattern is made at Bangalore, and
throughout Mysore silk is manufactured; but these will come under considera-
tion in their respective Courts.

Carpets. —It would be tedious to notice the carpets which drape the walls,
as they separately occur. A few general remarks may suffice. The Indian
Carpeis are of two kinds, cotton and woollen. The former are known as daris,
or durries, and satrangis or rugs and carpets. These fabrics, of which examples
occur throughout the Courts, are the original form of Indian carpets. Their
patterns, consisting of stripes usually of blue and chocolate, or red or white, with
occasional variations by the introduction of squares and diamond shapes, and
even gold and silver ornamentation, are of the oldest Indian art designs. They
are chiefly made in Bengal and Northern India, but the manufacture, as will be
seen in the various Courts, is in nowise confined to the territories included under
these heads. The Pile carpets came in with the Mussulman invaders. The
Principal seats of the manufacture by the regular weavers were around the
Mahommedan centres, and are enumerated by Sir George Birdwood as Cashmere,
the Punjab and Sind, Agra and Mirzapur, Hyderabad and Warangal in the
dominions of the Nizam, the Malabar Coast, Masulipatam, and the Coromandel
Coast. Velvet pile carpets were also made at Benares and Murshidabad, and silk
pile at Tanjore, Salem, and Warangal.

‘The exquisite design and harmonious colouring of the Indian carpets of olden
time are incontestable, and need no further praise. But the experts and lovers

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18 The Empire of India.

of Oriental art find grave deterioration in the productions of the present day,
both in design, texture, and colouring. This has been attributed to the intro-
duction by the Government of India, about twenty years ago, of carpet-weaving
as an occupation for the prisoners in the Indian Jails. The carpets exhibited
not only in the Art Courts but also in the Court of private exhibitors, are almost
all wrought on the jail looms. It must be admitted that duving the first years
of the new industry, the productions of the jail looms, both by the use of
unsuitable aniline dyes, and the ill-advised introduction of European patterns or
fancied improvements on-the native designs, merited in 1 great degree the oppro-
brium heaped upon them by connoisseurs in Indian art.

The influence of the Government Schools of Art at Bombay, Lahore, and
Madras, is being steadily exercised to restore and uphold the standard of pure
colours and true Oriental designs. A great improvement is noticeable in many
of the carpets selected for exhibition, especially those chosen by Mr. Purdon
Clarke, C.I.E. Among these may be specified the copics of the Jeypore Durbar
carpets made at Agra and Delhi jails, and the copies of the carpets in the Asa
Mahal Palace at Bijapur made at Poona and Tanna jails. The Vellore carpets
are also to be commended, as well as those of Lahore and Ajmere jails, where
good copies are made from the Jeypore Durbar carpets. The free weavers of
Warangal spcil the excellence of pattern and weaving by aniline dyes.

The necessary influence of European, and mainly of English commerce, must
doubtless affect with change, not only the products of Indian \ooms, but other
branches of native art. The Art Ware Courts throughout exemplify this,
although the collection of art objects made in India by Mr. Clarke presents
examples and types of the best modes, and justifies the claim made on behalf of
the Exhibition to be more than a gathering of commercial wares, however
beautiful and costly, and to afford a thorough survey of the highest, as well as §
the more ordinary products of the arts of India,

The musical iustruments, which will be found in almost every Court, are
best represented in the complete collection sent by Raja Sir Sourindro Mohun§
Tagore, Kt., Mus. Doc., C.1.E. to the Bengal Court, and described by him in the
Special Catalogue. The pictorial contributions will be found in the gallery of
the Royal Albert Hall.

The Art Ware Courts are entered through a gateway, contributed by His
Highness the Maharaja of Jeypore, and carved by his subjects. The gateway
is surmounted by a Nakarkhana, or Drum-house, such as is usually found over
the entrance to royal residences or temples in which musicians play at stated
intervals, and in regular order, certain tunes in honour of the sovereign or god. }

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The Empire of India. 19

In the kiosk on the top are arranged all the musical, instruments which are
usually played in a drum-house. On the front of the platform has been carved
the Shamsha, or picture of the sun, which is symbolical of the descent of the
lords of Jeypore, and of the Rajput chiefs of the solar race.

On the opposite side will be found a representation of the moon from which the
Indrabani, the other great branch of the Rajput race, represented by the Rajas
of Jaisalmir and Karauli, are said to have sprung. On the same beam below
the cornice on the front of the gate is engraved the motto of the Jeypore house,
“Yato dharm stato jaya,” in Sanskrit with Latin and English versions. The
Latin “Ubi virtus ibi victor” better exprésses the meaning of the original
than the English “ Where virtue is—is victory.” On the corresponding beam
at the back, the moito, “Ex Oriente lux,”—from the East comes light,—has
béen carved.

' The banners on the rails are respectively the panch-rang or five-coloured flag
of Jeypore; a small copy of the standard given to the late Maharajah at the
Imperial Assemblage at Delhi by Her Majesty the Queen Empress; the Mahi
maratib or symbol of the highest nobility given by the Moghal Emperors, which
was much prized. It consists of the golden head of a fish and two gilt balls, all
borne on separate poles. ,

RAJPUTANA COURT.

The collection of twenty States, forming the aggregate agency under the
Governor-General, known by this name, occupy about 130,000 square’ miles
ith a population of ten millions, forming a block stretching from the Central
ndia Agency to Sindh, and from Gujarat to the Punjab. The Aravalli Hills
ivide this into Eastern and Western Rajputana. The British District of
jmere-Mhairwara, the States of Jaipur or Jeypore, Bhartpur, Karauli ‘and
jholpur, Western Rajputana including Jodhpur and Ulwar, Kotah and
ikanir, &c., oceupy sub-courts separate or conjointly; and’ are contributors’ to
he series of screens which on either side begin the vista of carved screens
hich line the central avenue. ;
The Jeypore Screen The general design is the modified Saracenic in vogue
n Upper India andRajputana. |The only instructions issued to the wood-carvers
ere, that as great @ variety of patterns should be employed ‘as possible, the
thament to be purely Indian, and no attempt to bé made to work on other
han the traditional lines. The men draw rough outlines with a pencil or oven
he grayer, and each carver has done what was right in his owt eyes, subject to
approval of the mistri or master-workman, who had to judge whether’ the
hole work would be in harmony or not. ye ‘

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20 The Empire of India.

Bhartpur, Karauli, and Dholpur Screen.—The front consists of a red sand-
stone architrave and false arch, supported on carved pillars, and surmounte
by a perforated sandstone screen, 10 ft. long by 24 ft. high. Above the
screen, and to break the monotony of a horizontal line, are placed in the centre
a perforated imitation of a nearly semi-circular fan-light, and at the two ends 4
couple of small turrets surmounted by cupolas. ‘Tho style of architecture
cannot be exactly defined, as the screen in reality is a mixture of copies of parts
of several local buildings, fitted to the dimensions required ; thus the pillars,
false arch, and architrave are taken from the interior of the Khanwas Mahal
(now used as the Residency): the perforated work is a copy of similar
works in the masjid at tho Wazipur gate of the city; the central bit is
borrowed more or less from a semi-circular fanlight in the city, and the cupolas
on the turrets placed at the ends are similar to those used to cover portions of
the palace. Generally speaking, the screen is a representation of local archi-
tecture in details, but not as a whole. It is made throughout of red sandstone
procured from the celebrated quarries in the immediate vicinity of the city
Karauli, and has been constructed entirely by local stonemasons and stone-
carvers, under the general supervision of the State Public Works Department.

The Jodhpur screen is of carved teak wood; it was designed and made at
Jodhpur by Jodhpur artists and workmen ‘The architecture is the modified
Delhi adopted in Rajputana.

The front of the Ulwar screen consists of panels of white marble, perforated
and carved in relief, fitted in a frame-work of black marble and teak wood, and
supported upon three beantifully-carved white marble pillars, 8 ft. high each. A
decorative design of glass-work, on which the crest and arms of His Highness
the Maharao Raja are emblazoned, surmounts this portion of the screen.

The side portions of the screen consist of panels of red sandstone carved on
both sides. The designs of the pillars and panels are taken from carvings
existing in the Ulwar Palace, and are of pure Hindu style. The glass-wor
decoration is also taken from the Ulwar Palace, three rooms in which
entirely ornamented with work of this description. The screen is altogether
Ulwar workmanship, and the marble is from the celebrated quarries of Makran
Rajputana.

The screen for the Kotah section of the Rajputana Court consists of a fron
and side piece made of Shisham wood (Dalbergia Sisu) and inlaid with ivory
This style of work is much practised in the town of Etawah in the Kotah State
The architectural design is Hindu, and has been copied from old buildings i
the City of Kotah.

One of the screens is designed to represent a sample of the ordinary str
architecture in the Ajmere city. The archways or arcedes are similar to

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The Empire of India, 21

~ooanquesanennictesenpisentemaetienestasiealcs on iabes te ities cranes ae
escription usual in verandahs of houses, serais, shop fronts, &c, ‘These arcades
often surmounted by a system of ornamental bracketing and open carved
ork, supporting upper balconies. The materials generally used in street archi-
ture of this kind are a mixture of cut stone and stone masonry and plaster
work, the whole being either whitewashed or decorated by painting in bright
water-colours. In some cases the entire work is of cut stone or of marble,
This model is carved in wood and painted white to represent the original type
aa nearly as possible,

The Bikanir ornamental screen is a wooden structure, constructed to show
to the best advantage a style of decoration applicable to wood, stone, earthen-
ware, ivory, and glass, and believed to be peculiar to Bikanir, of which the
following is a brief description :—On the surface of the wood, which had been
previously well scrubbed with liquid clay and allowed to dry, the outlines of 4
flower pattern were stencilled with a bag of powdered charcoal through
perforated paper. Successive layers of liquid clay were then applied with small
aquirrel’s-hair brushes within the outlines of the pattern, each layer being
allowed to dry before the next application, until a raised surface bringing out
the stalks, leaves, and petals with sufficient distinctness had been produced,
The whole surface was then fixed by a coat of paint, and when this was dry
goid leaf was applied over all. The ground-work, black, with a red border, on
the portion intended to face the central avenue and the adjacent Courts of
Central India and Ajmere, and red with a biack border in the interior of the
Bikanir bays, was thon painted in, the flower pattern standing oyt In gilt
relief.

Immediately on entering the Jeypore Court is seen a collection of carefully
executed models representing the various inhabitants of Jeypore, and having
two full-sized figuros, one of an armed Rajput and the other of a royal domestio
standing as it were on guard on either side.

Decorative art as applied to architecture, which will throughout the Art-
ware Courts be shown in ever-varying forms, according to the special country
or district to which it belongs, is nowhere more remarkably displayed than in
the ancient cities of the land of the Rajas or Rajputana. The white marble
from Jodhpur and the red sandstone of Bhartpur were the marbles of which
the Taj-Mahal, the Dehli and Agra forts and mosques and the Fatehpur Sikri
palaces were constructed. The exquisite coloured marbles of Jeypore and
Ajmere and the limestone of Jaisalmir were employed in decorating them. In
this Court will be found examples from the different States, not only in the
special portions of the screens contributed, but also in trellis-work screens
from Karauli, and the ornamental sandstone screen work of Dholpur. The city
of Jeypore is in this, as in all matters of art, the most active of the Rajputana

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22 The Empire of India,

States. The local School of Art, under the patronage of the enlightened Raj
has endeavoured to improve the indigenous art of the town by attending t
details so as to correct the habit of merely repeating the designs which have
been handed down from. their forefathers, which in each successive repetitior
have lost a great deal of the beanvy and finish of the original work. In
addition to architectural carving, Jeypore and Khansa, a neighbouring toy
largely supply images of gods carved in marble, of which examples are shown
From the black marble of Ketri the statuaries produce elephants and other to
and jain images. Bikanir contributes stone models of houses, carved trelli
work and windows, besides objects of Hindu worship, and figures of anims
carved in red sandstone. From Jodhpur come ‘owls, boxes, &c., made of the
famed Makrana marble, and the Jaisalmir cups and saucers are made of yello
limestone, blended with red ochre-like substance, and other stones well polished
Bhartpur and Karauli also produce pathrotas, which are large bowls used fo
storing coins, with or without covers, plates, carved animals, either from the re
or white sandstone, or froma softer kind of stone somewhat resembling soapston
The gold and silver plate and jewellery of the various States are each
represented by characteristic collections. The excellence of the native work
manship is shown in the chased silver and parcel gilt plate ; but the art in whieh
Jeypore stands unrivalled, enamelling on gold, is more worthy of carefu
attention than the gold and silver smiths’ work, of which there will be so many
other examples throughout the different courts. The collection of enamels on
gold as well as on silver, includes harms, bracelets, sleeve-links, rings, perfume
holders, &c., of which among the smaller, yet perhaps most characteristic as
well as inexpensive examples, are the mango-shaped charms or lockets which
are used by Hindus to contain scent, and by Mahommedans to hold a small
compass to indicate the direction of Mecca. The collection cannot of eo
illustrate all the possible applications of this beautiful art, but the examples
show the truth of what is asserted, that the best work on gold is produced at
Jeypore. Silver enamel of good quality is also made at Jeypore, but the
conditions of fixing the colouys and the risks are much greater than when gold
is.used, Very little enamelling on copper is practised. Some beautiful green
enamels—so called—are exhibited, which are made at Partabgarh, but they arg
not true enamels. Some have supposed the figures are cut out of a pieced
gold leaf, which is afterwards applied to a layer of hot enamel. Native
authorities state that the patterns are etched into the glass by strong acid, and
the incisions filled with very fine and pure powdered gold, which is made t
adhere by exposure to great heat in the furnace, and prolonged gentle heat in
‘an oven. The medallions are composed of ground glass, upon which quaint
patterns of figures, landscapes, and flowers are traced in gold. “A Piece 0
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The Empire of India, 23

white foil of silver backing termed donk is placed behind the glass, and serves
to give that peculiar lustre and depth of colour which is so much admired,
Returning to gold and: silver plate and jewellery, the chased silver of Bikanir
will be found to show fairly good work. Those shown are excellent examples,
The silversmiths in the service of H.H. the Maharaja of Ulwar, have manu-
factured a group of specimens of the filigrained and chased work. They
include a silver chuskidan, that is a Rajput wine bottle and glass stand, a khasdan
or b-tel holder, a surahi or water bottle, a milk jug and two pairs of bracelets.
Jodhpur contributes ten objects in gold and silver work and jewellery. One
of these (3023), the timniya, or neck ornament, is made of gold and silver of
different shapes, and worn by almost every Hindu woman in Marwar. Next
to it is the tara or anklet, a silver foot ornament, chiefly used by Brahmans as
a marriage present to a bride. Amongst the gold and silver plate can bo
noticed a wine-holder used by Rajputs when drinking.

A special exhibit which comes under the head of jewellery is the collection
of garnets, and different ornaments, such as necklaces and bracelets, formed of
them, from Jeypore. The pieces of garnet are dug in quarries in various
places. Some also are collected from river beds. They vary from 7, to 1 in. in
diameter. The colours range from the deepest red to violet, purple, and yellow.
The diggers sell the stones to the dealers or lapidaries. The best aro cut as
carbuncles or stones hollowed out like half plums.

Lacquered-ware cups and water jars are shown from Indragirh in the Kotah
state. The cups are revolved in a lathe, and the pieces of lacquer applied,
which, when heated by friction, adhere to the wood. The ornamental work on
the cups is then done by means of a small fine chisel. The melted lac is put
upon surchis with a small piece of iron. These are merely mentioned, there
being nothing characteristic in the Rajputana lacquered ware. The art being
practised all over India will be spoken of more fully when larger and better
collections occur.

‘The inlaid work of Etawah shows a method of decoration peculiar to that
town. ‘The articles are made of shisham wood or of buffalo horn inlaid with ivory
or mother of-pearl, and are principally used for ornamental purposes. The
industry is confined to two or three families of the khati caste, who turn out
their work very slowly, though it is as a rule carefully and strongly executed.
The Kotah screen is made of similar work.

From Marwar there are samples of the ivory carving made at Pali which are
said to be chiefly purchased by gentlemen visiting that place. More curious
and characteristic are the hindoras or cradles made of wood, carved, coloured, and
gold silk, which are exported from Jodhpur. They vary in value according to
the material used, size, and finish. Their purpose is for the religions rite of

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24 The Empire of India.

swinging Hindu gods at festivals. Together with these are examples of the
singhasan or thrones used for seating Hindu gods. The Ulwar ivory-carving
includes a partially enamelled elephant. The rider is supposed to be the god
Sitaran and the driver Hanuman the monkey. An ivory antimony case with
pearls round the top of the cover, and a perforated screea work are worthy of
notice.

The Bikanir artists excel in wood-carving, door frames costing as much ag
Rs. 100. The ivory-carving and lacquered ware are also good. The wood-
carving contains wooden models of idols, elephants, camels, horses, and of an oil
press, a country cart, a camel plough, a churn, spinning wheel, bullock cart and
a well, The model of an elephant carriage from Ulwar and the rotu, or bullock
carriage, from Jeypore are exact reproductions, with their curious and cumbrous
arrangements of guards for the wheels and the rich ornamentation with
embroidered cushions and covers of those in ordinary use by the princely and
wealthy families.

The arms snd armour of the cctlection lent from Ulwar for exhibition,
comprise both ancient end modern weapons, offensive and defensive. Among
them the most remarkable are—a very long sword with a species of double
handle, which is .. ‘ by native chiefs as a support when sitting, the steel
poniard with gold work representing in alto-relievo the pictures of Hindu
gods and goddesses, the shields, ancient and modern, made of rhinoceros skin
with gold and steel bosses, and the steel shields with koft or damascened work.
From Jodhpur also comes a supply of shields and daggers, and numerous
examples of the Sirohi swords which are famous in Rajputana, the prices
varying according to the quality of the steel and che workmanship of the sword
hilts, which are generally wrought: with silver and gold, and range from Rs, 2
to Rs. 100.

In brass, copper, and mixed metals, the Jeypore School of Art displays
excellence of work, but the absence of any detailed list prevents any special
comparison of the different articles exhibited. A curious lamp, made of brass
or iron, so constructed that it will roll on the ground without upsetting the
oil-box or the light being put out, is sent from Jodhpur.

The glazed pottery of Rajputana is not given a foremost rank amongst the
exemplars of that art, such as belong to the historical glazed earthenware of
Madura, Sindh, and the Punjab. The painted pottery of Kotah and the gilt
pottery of Amroha are mentioned in the “ Industrial Arts of India,” as among
the principal varieties of Indian fancy pottery made purposely for exportation.

In Rajputana, cotton is woven everywhere, and the printed muslins and
chintzes of Jeypore and Jodhpur are prized all over Hindostan for the purity
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The Empire of India. 25

green, yellow, biue and black, are marvellous examples of the skill of Indian
weavers in harmonising the most prismatic colours. A detailed account of the
varieties of cloth manufactured in Ajmere-Mhairwara gives a description of the
seven varieties of cloth manufactured, which, with variations, may be used as a
classification of the different cotton stuffs manufactured throughout Rajputana.
First, pagris, or turbans, which are generally softer cr lighter in texture than
other native cloths, the ordinary dimensions being thirteen yards long by ten
inches wide. Those made from native thread are used by the rural population,
From English thread are made fine specimens of native muslins, into which
gold thread is often tastefully introduced. Second, takri or reza, a coarse cloth
jade from native thread, and used by the rural population for garments on
‘ecount ot its durability and cheapness, also extensively for calico printing, bed
covers and floor cloths. Third, septa,a kind of coarse muslin, which is, however,
seldom made or sold in the district, because the machine-made muslins of
Manchester and Bombay have entirely superseded it, and the general demand
for Manchester cloths is driving out cloths worked with English thread.
The fourth, khes, is a kind of checkered fabric, chiefly remarkable as
exhibiting a different kind of weaving from that of the ordinary hand-woven
cloths of Ajmere. The pattern is generally plain. The thread of the weft is
entwined alternately with that of the warp, so that the make of the fabric
appears diagonal or crosswise across the fabric, instead of the thread crossing at
right angles. Of the three other sorts, one is only a variety of the takri cloth.
Another called susi, is a narrower cotton fabric used only by Mussulman women,
It is distinguished by having stripes lengthwise down the piece of a different
colour from the groundwork. The commoner patterns are dark blue with
white stripes, or blue with red stripes. The last -alled charkana, is the same all
over—a kind of check variation of the preceding, with varieties in black and
white check or red and blue,

All native Indian fabrics are either plain cloths woven with the single
thread, cloths with a longitudinal stripe, or cloths with diagonal patterns. The
Ajmere cotton prints are far inferior to those of Jeypore, both in purity and
brilliancy of dyes. The favourite colour is dark red, and varieties of colours
are obtained by the use of indigo and turmeric. The cloth is damped and
stretched, and wooden blocks, on which the floral patterns project in strong
relief, are charged with colour, and then pressed down on the cloth. Tinsel
printing, of which the specimens exhibited are by no means attractive, is also
common in the district. The patterns used in colour printing are almost always
variations of the same design, the ground being coloured black, red, yellow, or
azure blue, with striped or spotted border, and the field covered with imitations
of plantain fruit, surrounded by small squares of various colours.

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26 The Empire of India.

~ Kotah muslin woven by Mahommedan or Hindu weavers, is made in hand
looms of European cotton thread. It is principally disposed of wholesale for
export to Nimach and other places in India. Kotah also exhibits dyed cloths.
The process consists of first dyeing the cloth, and secondly producing a pattern
by tying up with cotton threads small portions of the cloth in pieces about the
size of a threepenny piece, and often much smaller. The tying is so tightly
and thoroughly done that when dipped in the second dye these spots retain
their original colour. Very intricate patterns of pagodas, trees, animals and
fruits are produced with three different colours. Each portion of the pattern
that is required of one colour has to be knotied at one time. It is then dyed,
and the second set of knots tied, and soon. The effect is almost that of crape
when the pattern is a close one. Washing takes away, however, this effect and
renders the Uoth quite flat.

The Ulwar embroidery in gold and silk thread is much admired for the
designs and the fineness of the workmanship, a good example being shown in
the angharkha, or coat, exhibited in the Silk Ware Court. ‘The Bikanir
embroidery in gold and silver is shown on a number of exhibits, which are
described as bodices, jacke‘- ~nd-shawls of dancing girls, two being specimens
of hair embroidery worked upon silk. The Shergarh embroidered cloths com-
prise rugs, saddle cloths and elephant trappings made of English broadcloth,
embroidered with floss silk of various colours. Saddle-cloths are the principal
article, and are generally made for local sale

Of woollen fabrics, the Bikanir serges are considered the best in Rajputana.
From Marwar come shawls and petticoats woven by Jat women in the Nagore
district, These are said to have found numerous European buyers of late,

CENTRAL INDIA COURT.

This Agency is also an official designation applied to a numerous group of
States placed under the charge of the Governor-General. The area is 75,000
square miles, with a population a little exceeding nine millions. Of these the
leading states Gwalior, Indore Chhatarpur Bhopal, and Rutlam, Datia, Chhatarpur,
Dhar, Dewas, and Orchha contribute exhibits.

On the right-hand side facing the Bombay Court, the Central India screen
consists of three bays each about 10 ft. in length. The central bay is higher
than those flanking it, and is intended to illustrate Buddhist and Hindu sculp-
tures as found in Central India. The pillars are modelled on, though not
exactly copied from, sculptures existing at Khajurahu in Bundelkhand. At the
base of each is a large female figure, with smaller figures on either side, and
above these, groups of small figures arranged in tiers, each of a different design,

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The Empire of. India, ia

the whole being i in high ‘relief, The crose-beam uniting the pilla: pillars ‘illustrates
Hindu style both in figures and in ornamentation. The centre is occupied by
an image of Ganeshji. This mixture of styles was adopted in order to take an
opportunity of «' owing Buddhist and Hindu figures together. The bays
flanking this ce’ .ral gateway are somewhat lower, and consist of one pillar at
each extremity, supporting, with the help of the central pillars, horizontal
screens of Gwalior stone-carving in relief. These pillars are of simpler style
than the central pair, but are also modelled on the carvings of Khajurahu. The
stune screens consist of panels and plaques, in various designs, some copied
from the Sanchi Tope, near Bhopal, others from the Fort at Gwalior, and others
again planned by the workmen themselves.

On the left-hand, side facing the Bombay Court, the style of screen is alto-
gether lighter. Here, again, there are three bays, but the central one consists
of an arch in the middle about 5 ft. broad, flanked by two narrow passages
about 2 ft. bread. There is no horizontal screen in the central portion of this
bay, which is simply an archway, but the side portions are fitted with glazed
tiles. One flanking bay is fitted with perforated stone-work from Gwalior, and
the other with perforated wood-carving from Ujjain. The three pairs of pillars
supporting these three bays are all of similar style, differing only in elaborate-
ness of carving, and are copied from the kind of pillars often seen in temples
and dwelling-houses in Indore and its neighbourhood. The perforated stone
panels and wood-carvings are, as before, partly copied from actnal buildings,
partly designed by the workmen.

The outer pillars of the portion of the screen first described, and all six
pillars of the second portion, are surmounted by brass pinnacles made at
Rutlam, and copied from temples.

The collections sent from the several States of the Central India Agency
cannot be said to be extensive, nor to contain particularly striking objects.
The stone-carving of Gwalior, of which the great gate of the Indian Palace is
the most remarkable example, is here represented by panels and plaques, both
perforated and carved in relief. Those numbered 217, 218 are especially
noticeable for their fineness of workmanship. The designs are taken from the
intricate and elaborate patterns of the stone lattices of tombs and palaces
included in the great Fort of Gwalior, which has recently been restored to H.H.
the Maharaja Sindhia. <A variety of cups, bottles, and other objects carved out
cf soapstone are examples of an industry common to Chhatarpur, Orchha and
Bijawar. <A betel leaf carved in this material, from Alipura, is noticeable
for its fine execution, The small stono figures of gods from Dhar are only
interesting as being the results of an industry newly started in that state, but
of a collection from Mandawar some of the images of deities are old and curious

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28 The Empire of India.

examples. The carved } pillar supporting rotating frames has been designed by
@ native of Indore. Four female figures appear to hold up the frames and the
pillar is surrounded by another figure,

Jewellery.—The enamels of Rutlam are produced by the same process as those
of Partabgarh, elsewhere mentioned, differing only that the ground colour is blue
instead of green. The work of the gold and silver smiths of Jhansi is seen in
the gold and silver rings, which are of exceedingly light and fine workmanship.
But the best assortment is from Indore, and contains very good saiaples of
native ornaments. Some of the bracelets are of superior make. Of the gold
and silver plate the best are the salvers in silver repoussé work ornamented with
gold from Rampura jin the Indore State

The bracelets, armlets, and nosh lots made of base metal, chiefly of zinc, from
Rewah, deserve careful examination, many of them showing very beautiful
designs. An old and curious set of chessmen in brass from Charkhari, a
spherical lamp of perforated brass work, which can be rolled along the ground
when lighted, and a lock containing a double-barrelled pistol from Chhatarpur,
the brass pinnacles from Rutlam which decorate a portion of the screen, and
different vessels of hookahs, &c., in white metal from Ujjain, are illustrative of
the special manufactures of those places.

Amongst the arms is an antique sword from Charkhari. It is said that a
Raja of Charkhari used to tie tho head and four legs of a camel together and
cut them through with one blow of this weapon. Of modern arms, a beautifully
wrought inlaid shield, with three daggers fastened to it to serve as offensive
weapons, is from Datia. A gold damascened sword and axe is from Panna,
adjacent to which town lie the celebrated diamond mines,

A variety of smali wares in the ordinary lacquer-work is contributed from
Rewah. This universal Indian manufacture will be noticed moro at length in
other Courts where there is an opportunity of drawing attention to more

.examples. Many of the designs, of which there is a considerable variety, are
pleasing, and the same may be said of the Indore bangles.

Textiles.—F oremost amongst the cotton fabrics stand the muslins, turbans,
loin-cloths, &c., manufactured at the once important but now insignificant town
of Chanderi. These are the finest cloths manufactured in Central India. The
muslin is especially fine and is usually left white ; and the borders of silk and
goid lace are handsome and effective. In some of the articles the silk is coloured
differently on either side. Almost equal to these are the Maheswar muslins
from Indore. The fine yellow cloths from Sarangpur in Déwas are highly
esteemed in Central India for their excellence. The yellow colour is the natural
tint of the cotton. Ujjain and Mandawax in the Gwalior State have furnished
a large assortment of stamped cloths of good quality with a great variety

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The Empire of India. 29

of patterns. From Chanderi also come the best silk fabrics, one specimen which
is deep crimson on one side and green on the other, with a broad gold lace
border, being the handsomest.

The embroideries exhibited include horse trappings embroidered with wool
and silk, and a chessboard of old embroidery from Charkhari, as well as Rutlam
imitation gold and silver embroidery of an ordinary character.

BOMBAY COURT.

The Art Ware Court of Bombay has been most carefully filled with the
best specimens of the manufactures of that great Presidency. The area directly
utider the Bombay Government contains 124,134 square miles, and a population
of 163 millions. The numerous Native States add to these totals 73,000 sqnare
miles, with 7 millions of inhabitants. The great city of Bombay, which in
numbers and commercial enterprise claims the title of Prima in India, exceeds
Calcutta and Madras in actual population, and in point of numbers ranks as the
second city in the British Empire. Besides these, the state of Baroda, which
contains 8,570 square miles, with a population of 2,185,000, is represented.

The Screen.—The screen, the general design for which was made by
Mr. Griffiths, the Superintendent of the Bombay School of Art and Secretary to
the Bombay Committee for the London Exhibition, consists of two lengths, each
80 ft. long, made up of eight open bays, 10 ft. wide. In addition to these are the
four ends, each 12 ft. wide, the total length of the screen being 208 ft., with
a uniform height of 10 ft. The design of the screen has been made with
a view to illustrate as fully as possi’ le the characteristic wood-carving of the
Presidency.

The sections belonging to the Royal Commission, to His Highness the
Gaikwar of Baroda, and to His Highness the Rao of Cutch, were executed by,
native artizans under the superintendence of Mr. Wimbridge, of the East India
Art Manufacturing Company, Bombay. The carved details for the Royal
Commission and Cutch sections have been selected by Mr. Wimbridge from
Mahafiz Khan, Shapur, Dastar Khan, and Rani Sipri mosques at Ahmedabad,
and the detail for the Baroda section from various houses in Surat.

The Bhavnagar section, which comprises four of the richest bays, was
constructed in Bhavnagar itself, under the immediate supervision of Mr. Proctor
Sims, the state engineer, assisted by a very intelligent native mistry. The
details of the work are taken from the old palace, and from some of the old
houses in the town. The Junagar section was likewise carried out locally by
Datpat Nathu. The work is executed in teak.

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30. The Empire of India.

richest and most. beautiful, not only in its own Court, but throughout the range
of the Art Courts. The details, selected from the ancient mosques of the city
of Ahmedabad, once the greatest in Western India, and stated by the Govern-
ment Gazetteer to have been, from 1573 to 1600, the handsomest town in
Hindostan, perhaps in the world, and which Sir Thomas Rowe declared to be
“a goodly city as large as London,” illustrate the action of Mahommedan influence
upon the Hindu style. The mosques from which the details are taken, and
which also furnish the patterns for the two windows in perforated brass which
are exhibited, were built towards the end of the fifteenta and the beginning of
the sixteenth centuries. The Roya! Commissioners have taken plaster casts of
the panels and pillars in this screen for the decoration of nearly the whole of
the private Exhibitors’ Court, which is a signal testimony to the beautiful and
remarkably effective design and workmanship exhibited in it.

The Baroda Pigeon House.—The Baroda Pigeon House, a lofty stracture
most elaborately carved, attracts attention, and well deserves its position. It
must not be supposed that this Pigeon House, which is presented by H.H. the
Gaikwar of Baroda, is an example of poultry farming, or represents any such
use in domestic economy, as the dove-cotes in our homesteads. In Baroda and
throughout Gujarat the inhabitants erect pigeon houses for feeding not only
pigeons but parrots, sparrows, and all birds living in or near their towns. The
Gujaratis consider it asin to kill any animal, and to feed them is held to bea
great act of charity. Pigeon houses therefore are erected by the wealthy
natives from motives of piety. Several other specimens of wood-carving have
been sent from Gujarat. Carved blackwood furniture, the old clumsy carving,
the style of which was obviously derived from the Dutch, and was utterly
inapplicable. to chairs, couches and tables, is seen to better advantage in the

“cabinets and picture frames both from Ahmedabad and from the Ratnagiri
School of Industvy. The establishment started at Ahmedabad by Mr. Lock- |
wood. de Forest, an American gentleman, for the construction of carved furni-
turé which is exported to New York, has given a considerable stimulus to
this art industry, and, as will be seen by the specimens exhibited, turns out
articles of good design and careful finish. The wood-carving for domestic —
architecture is still carried on at Surat, and. there. are several workshops
where doors, shutters and cupboards may be bought ready made. A carved
doorway furnishes a specimen of this class. From Bhavnagar also comes a
large marble screen of elaborate design, and a fair example of modern carving
in stone. It forms part of the cenotaph or sculptured marble chhatri designed |
by Mr. Griffiths, and which is now being erected in memory of the deceased’
wife of H.H. the Thakur Saheb.

The wood-carving as used in ordinary houses is well illustrated by a carved

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The Empire of India. 31

doorway from Baroda, whence also comes the back wall representing some of
the styles found on the front of native houses. The door is particularly well
carved, but the brackets and other portions of the decoration are Europeanised
in style, and do not show any particular exceJlence of work. The handles of
the door deserve careful examination. ,

Inlaid Work.—The well-known Bombay and Surat inlaid workboxes made of
sandal-wood, and decorated with ivory, blackwood or metal, are imported in
large quantities, and too well known to need any description. The migration of
the Paisi artisans of Surat to Bombay established there this handiwork, which
originally came from Shiraz to Sind, and thence to Gujarat. The Bombay Com-
mittee has acted very wisely in sending only a few of the best specimens,
both on account of their liability to be spoiled by exposure to damp, and
yecause the orditiary class are common objects in the shops of London. -The
Ratnagiri School of Industry sends a large cabinet inlaid with ivory ‘and
staghorn.

The Poona clay figuree are distinguished by their modelling and lifelike
representation of the variety of races inhabiting the Bombay Presidency, each
race being distinguished by its dress and its turban. They differ from Lucknow
models in that the dresses are composed of actual pieces of cloth.

The glazed tiles, which have been manufactured at Hala in Sind, and repro-
duce the work which adorns the interior and exterior of the ancient mosques and
tombs at Hyderabad in Sind, are sent to the Exhibition by Colonel Trevor, the
collector of that district.

Pottery is still produced, although not to the extent that it was in the days
of the Amirs, when glazed tiles of exquisite colour and design were extensively
produced for lining the mosques and tombs which are now in ruins. The
pottery now produced is very beautiful: the tradition is that a Chinese
traveller was induced to settle in Sind in order to start the ceramic -manu-
facture, and that the present potters, who are all Mussulmans, are either his
direct or collateral descendants. They now form a distinct community,
called “‘ Kashigars.” The difficulty of transporting their fragile wares from the
far interior of Sind has caused Mr. Terry to start a manufactory in Bombay
under the supervision of two Kashigars. Except the glazed pottery from
Ahmedabad, all such ware exhibited in the Bombay Court was made in this
establishment. It represents the original Sind art as modified both by the
application of it to a variety of new shapes, and the introduction of decorations
copied from the Ajanta caves, as well as from scenes from the two great Indian
epic poems. Pattan, in the Baroda territory, has a name for pottery, of which
specimens have been sent. ‘The ware is mostly unglazed, and the designs are
painted green, this being the only colour that the Pattan potters can glaze with.

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82 The Empire of India

'’he shapes are, however, very ancient, and, though rough in character, are very
effective for decorative purposes.

Metal Work.—The principal centres of the manufacture of copper and brass
ware in the Bombay Presidency are Nasik and Poona; although a large trade in
the universally required copper and brass utensils is carried on in other largo
towns, Nasik drinking cups and sacrificial pots are preferred to those of Poona
on account of their superior finish. The ornamental objects, as well as idols,
lamps, and other articles, have all come from Poona or Nasik. At the Bombay
School of Art, Mr. Griffiths has specially prepared for this Exhibition a large
copper vase, and a panel in repoussé work, the design having been taken from
carvings in the caves of Ajanta.

Trophy of Arms.-—The large and handsome Trophy of Arms, contributed by
H.H. the Rao of Cutch, which forms a conspicuous object, illustrates the manu-
facture at Bhuj in Cutch of copies, so far as appearance goes, of the genuine
old Indian arms, which comprise almost every possible shape and form of sword
and dagger, from the historic wagnak or tiger claw with which Sivaji, the
founder of the Maratta power, stabbed the Bijapore general, to the most costly
tulwar. These arms are only intended for the purpose of decoration. They are
made of inferior steel, but are rendered attractive by being inlaid with gold
and silver, while the copper sheaths are ornamented with repoussé work of gold.
The Baroda Darbar has lent a representative collection of old Indian arms, in
which may be noticed some fine examples of inlaid gold, silver and ivory work.
Other collections have been sent from Bhavnagar and from Palanpur, of which
the majority are modern.

Lacquered Wares. —- Sawantwari, a small Maretta state, near the territory
of Goa, has for a long time had a name for its bamboo baskets, lined with
cloth and painted with Indian pigments in various designs, and finally lac-
quered. Fans made of the fragrant root of the khaskas grass, ornamented
with beetles’ wings, and edged with peacock feathers, are also made in that
principality. Hindu playing-cards made of paper and lacquered, pdts or low
stools on which the natives sit to dine, the devharas or shrines for the family
gods, dolls, toys and cradles, are all shown in the lacquered ware of
Sawantwari. The dome-shaped shrine of Ganpati, the deity presiding
over knowledge and success, has been exhibited as a typical specimen of the
workmanship. There are also tables, desks, chairs, wall-brackets, cabinets,
stesls and book-shelves, which have been specially made for this exhibition
to exemplify the applicability of this style of decorative art to lesser articles
of domestic furniture. From Hyderabad, in Sind, lacquered toys are exhibited,
and have also been sent from Nasik and from Mahuwa in the Bhavnagar state.
The teapoy boxes, flower stands, and card trays, are admirable examples of the

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The Empire of' India. 5

well-known Sind lacyuer ware. The Sind boxes are made by laying various
coloured lac in succession, while turning on the lathe, and then cutting the
design through the different colours. Other boxes are simply etched and
painted with hunting scenes or flowers, and then coated with a thin transparent
layer of lac varnish. Lacquer ware turned on tho lathe is also exhibited from
Nasik, Baroda, Bhavnagar, and Gondal. Another application of lac is found in
the collection of bangles made of wood, and lac lined with tinsel, decorated with
spangles or dyed red, from Ahmedabad and Surat, where they are largely used
by Gujarati women.

Horn Work.—Viziadurg and Mahran, in the Ratnagiri district and Sawant-
wari, are the places where bisons’ horns are moulded into ornamental flower-
stands, trees, cups, stands for idols, bucks, cubs, antelopes, elephants, and the
god Ganpati. Of late the artisans, who are Hindu carpenters to whom the
secret process has been: handed down through five or six generations from the
first discoverer, have also taken to making inkstands, &c., suitable for European
use. It is said that cocoanut oil and wax are applied to the horn, which is
then heated and pressed in moulds, but the process is not definitely known.
After being roughly shaped the horn is scraped and polished, and finally some
designs are chased and filled in with chalk. The Bombay Committee has
sent a flower stand, a kamal or lotus-shaped tray mounted on a nandi or sacred
bull, The Sawantwari Darbar contributes an inkstand, and Baroda sends a
carved and polished horn in the shape of a peacock.

Ivory Work,—Ivory inlaid work has already been mentioned. Ivory carving
is practised to a small extent at Poona, Junagad, Satara, Ahmedabad, Surat
and Cutch. Ivory figures are made in Bombay and Surat by some of the Parsi
work-box makers, but of late they have been using stag-horn instead. At
Poona ivory combs are made in the Kashapitti. At Junagar and Ahmedabad
there are good ivory carvers, but they mostly work with ebony or black wood
unless an article in ivory is specially ordered. An excellent specimen of the
figure of Kartikswami, the son of Shiva, and the general of the celestial army,
riding on a peacock, has been contributed by H.H. the Rao of Cutch.

Gold and Silver Work.—Cutch, Poona, Baroda, Bhavnagar, Ahmednagar and
Bombay contribute a large collection of vases, cups, tea and coffee services,
plates and flower stands, and H.H. the Rao of Cutch not only sends the best but
the largest collection in the whole of the Indian section. Repoussé work in
silver is a speciality of Cutch. It is attributed to a Dutch origin, but in course
of time has been perfectly assimilated to the native style of the province. H.H.
the Thakur Saheb of Bhavnagar contributes a very valuable collection of palace
jewellery, made of gold or silver, and studded with precious stones. The
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34 The Empire of India.

it is the best work of its kind. A large and complete collection of the gold and
silver ornaments used by the high-caste Hindus of Poona has been specially made
to order for this Exhibition, with the difference that baser metals are used
instead, and gilt. ‘This collection has thus been secured for a very small sum,
and fully represents the original shapes, and even the lustre, as a part of it is
gilt and another electro-plated. From Baroda comes a collection of gold and
silver articles, mostly ornaments in common use. But a notable addition is the
caparisoned and dressed silver model of the state elephant.

Aden, which, though situated on the Arabian coast of the Red Sea, is under
the administration of the Bombay Government, contributes a fine collection of
silver jewellery as worn by the Arab and Somali women. ‘The shapes are not
only massive but very quaint, and it is a collection which deserves a special
and close inspection, as it is particularly interesting both to the fanciers of
silver work, and to the student of comparative ethnology, who can read remote
kinship in the long-descended furms of ornament common to widely separated
races.

Textile Fabrics —Notwithstanding the changes in the prosperity of the cotton
cloth industry, caused first by the extinction of the trading monopoly of the East
India Company, which affected Surat, and more recently by the unrestrained
Manchester imports, which have almost destroyed the cotton manufac res of
Bardach, there is still a very extensive industry carried on throughout the
Bombay Presideucy, both in weaving cotton cloth, printing calicoes, and manv-
facturing articles of dress worn by both sexes. In the Ahmedabad collectorate
the weaving of cotton cloth is still an important industry. In Ahmedabad
itself there are several steam factories employing over two thousand hands,
Yeola, Ahmedabad, Bijapore, Baroda, Kaira, Cutch, Gondal and Sind all con-
tribute a large collection of sadis and khans for women, dhotis or waist-clothe,
turbans, floor-cloths, and printed cloths. Ahmedabad sends two fine examples
of cloth printed with gold and silver leaf. This industry is nearly extinct,
and there is only one man at Ahmedabad who carries on the work. A
great distinction between the Gujerat and the Maratta races is in the decoration
of their cotton goods, the purely Maratta people seldom wearing printed cotton
goods, while the inhabitants of Gujerat prefer them to all others. The beautiful
printed floor-cloths from Cutch and Sind are conspicuous in the decoration 0
the Bombay Court. The collection of turbans sent by the Bombay Commit
is doubly interesting from the representation of the various head-dresses
distinguishing the different divisions of the inhabitants of Bombay. The
variety of shapes which one single piece of cloth assumes in the hands of the
turban folders, without being cut or stitched together, will prove as interestin
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27, BROOK STREET, BOND STREET, W:

The Empire of India. 8B

bout 40 to 75 yards of cloth are required for the construction of a single
urban, but the purpose of illustrating the different shapes has been served by
mitation patterns which show the mode of application and the result.

The silk fabrics exhibited are mostly fine examples of the historical silk
nanufacturers of Ahmedabad, Surat, Tanna, Poona and Yeola. These are the
hief but not the only cities of the silk manufacture in the Presidency.

At Ahmedabad kinkhab or kincob, with the woof either of gold or silver only,
s woven, about five or six hundred looms being engaged in the manufacture.
he material is used for covering state carriages, saddle cloths, thrones,

shions, chairs, and couches, and marriage dresses of bridegrooms, bodices
rorn by women of Gujerat, and Mussulmans’ jackets and caps are also made of
There are two varieties of the Ahmedabad brocades, one being thick and
ostly, while the other is known as the banarsi, after Benares, from which town
he pattern was originally obtained. This is the thinner and comparatively
heaper material. The kinkhab generally now produced and sold at Ahmeda-
ad is not as superior as it formerly was, for inferior foreign gold and silver
hread is substituted in the place of the purer Indian material. It was
herefore necessary to have specimens carefully manufactured for the Exhi-
ition, and Mr, Griffiths thus secured two magnificent specimens, one of the
nest kinkhab and another of the banarsi. Such pieces are called rumals, and
sed for covering presents sent to high state officials, Of the latter variety a
eat number of samples illustrate the different patterns. A pair of light
lue curtains with the keri or mango design worked in gold is specially
b be admired. Besides the gold and silver kinkhab, the Surat weavers employ
iferently coloured silk itself in producing the effect in lieu of the gold
nd silver thread. There is a large exportation to Siam of gold and silver
rocade in the form of loin cloths, which are used by the princes and nobles of
mat country. A variety of Surat brocade, in which the design is partly
orked in coloured silk and partly in bullion thread, is known as jaradans,
ne silk and cotton brocade is called nababi himro from the fact of this particu-
wt pattern being exclusively appropriated for the last four or five generations
0 the use of the families of the Nabob of Surat. Although a mixed material, the
otton warp is so covered by the silk weft as not to be visible, and thus enables
evout Mussulmans to comply with the law which prohibits them from
rearing garments of pure silk. ‘here are numerous specimens of that
cculiar pattern, the bandhna or knot-dyeing, which gave its name to the old
Fendanna handkerchief. The surface of the undyed cloth is divided into one-
ch squares by the draughtsman or chitarna. The knotter or bandanari,
nerally a girl, picks up a little cloth at each corner of the squares, and tiee
into a knot according to the pattern, When knotted all over, the cloth is

mASY CHAIRS & SOFAS,

By HOWARD & SONS, 25 BERNERs Sr.,

FOR HOME OR THE COLONIES,

86 The Empire of India,

dyed the colour required for the ground, after which the knots are untied, ar
there are usually little squares of white, the centres of which are generall
hand-painted in yellow. ‘lhis is the simplest of bandana patterns, but the
vary up to the more complicated or flower-garden design, in which man
colours are applied in successive processes of dyeing. Among the silk ar
golden fabrics from Yeola will be found a specimen of work woven red on on
side and yellow on tho other. The gold and silver and silk embroidery of Sind
Surat and Bombay is largely iliustrated. It would be worth while
compare the collection of old embroideries lent to the Bombay Committee
which show the superiority of the ancient dyes,

BENGAL COURT.

The Bengal Court represents the territory governed by the Lieutenan
Governor of Bengal, the limits of whose jurisdiction are almost identical witl]
those of the Dewaung of Bengal, Behar and Orissa, conferred by Shah A
upon the East India Company in 1765. It actually includes Bengal proper, Beh
Orissa (much more extensive than the originally granted district) and Chuti
Nagpur. ‘These contain an area of 150,588 square miles (exclusive of
desolate Sundarbans (more usually Sonderbands) and a population of 66,691,
souls, one-third of the population of British India. In addition, the Natig
States in connection with Bengal have an area of 36,664 square miles, and ,
population of 34,911,270 souls, making a total of 264,765 square miles and 6%
millions. ‘Che principal native states included in Bengal, for Exhibitigfl
purposes are Kuch Behar and Hill Tipperah, neither of which are large @
important, and a number of small states known as the Tributary Mahals.

Hindu Screen.—The screens of the Bengal Art-ware Court are an attempt
illustrate, chiefly by means of papier-mdché castings, the styles of architectu
ornament characteristic of the best Hindu and Muhammadan buildings in Beng
Proper. The Northern screen is adapted from the temple of Krishna at Kan
agar, near Dinajpur, built between 1704 and 1722 A.D. This temple forms
excellent example of the brick architecture of Lower Bengal, and one of its chig,
constructive peculiarities, the bent cornice, supposed by the late Mr. Ferguss@
to have been copied from the common bamboo hut of the country, has been repm,
duced in the screen. The entire surface of the building is covered with te
cotta reliefs, representing for the most part figure-subjects taken from t
daily life of the people. From somo of the best of these casts have be
made in a mixture of papier mdché and plaster of Paris, coloured to match t
originals, and attached to the screen so as to represent the general effect of
temple.

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The Empire of India. 37

Muhammadan Screen.—The Southern or Muhammadan screen was designed by

r. Jules Schaumburg,®* artist to the Geological Survey of India, on the lines of the
hitecture of the ancient city of Gaur and its suburb Panduah. Gaur became
he capital of Bengal under Muhammed Bakhtyar Khilji in a.p. 1198, increased
eatly in size and wealth up to its sack by Sher Shah, the Afghan Governor of
shar in 1537, and was finally abandoned in 1575, under Akbar, in consequence
a pestilence which devastated the city. The general idea of the screen was
prived from the Qadam Rasul Mosque, built by Nusrah Shah in 1530, the flat
flasters bulging outwards at the bottom are adapted from the tomb of Sultan
hyasuddin (1211-1227), known as the Eklahi Mosque, at Pandua, while the
tailed ornamentation consists of casts taken from the remains of these and
her buildings preserved in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. The painted design
the west end of the screen is a composition from carved stones and tiles in the
useum, and is intended to represent the enamelled tiles with which the Gaur
nd Pandua buildings were overlaid.
Carving.—Of the stucco mouldings which are characteristic of many houses
Bengal, those in Dacca are most remarkable for their beauty. The specimens
hibited were obtained with difficulty, as the work is but little in demand, and
he industry is dying out. Sculpture generally has almost died out in Bengal.
he great temples of Orissa and the ruins in Chutia Nagpur and Lessar
how that in ancient times sculpture was a flourishing industry. Formerly
inhat, a town in Burdwan, annually turned out large numbers of images of
rishna and the Sivaite symbols, but this trade also has declined. ‘The clay
bdels of Krishnagur on the other hand belong to an industry which, origina-
mg in the manufacture of sacred images, gradually extended its scope to the
presentation of every form of social life. ‘Whe life-sized figures which in the
conomic Court illustrate the ethnology of India, and the models which faith-

ly represent the rural village and the different operations of agricultural life,

9 all constructed at Krishnagur. Calcutta also supplies clay models, two of
I ick represent the goddess Durga, otherwise known as the “ terrible Kali,”

Pile of the god Siva the Destroyer. The annual festival called Durga Puja,
tld in Bengal in her honour, is the greatest holiday of the Hindu population
ne north, eouth, east and west gates of the celebrated temple of Jaggernath at
iri may be examined in carefully-executed models.
Jewellery—The chief centres in Bengal of the manufacture of jewellery are
cea, Cuttack, and Calcutta. The silver filigrain work in which the people
Cuttack have attained such surpassing skill and delicacy, is, Sir George
iwood remarks, “identical in character with that of Arabia, Malta, Genoa,

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38 The Empire of India.

Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, and with the filigrain work of Ancien
Greece, Byzantium, and Etruria, and was probably carried into the west by th
Phoenicians and Arabs, and into Scandinavia by the Normans. In Cuttad
the work is generally done by boys, whose sensitive fingers and keener sigl
enable them to put the fine silver threads together with the necessary rapidi
and accuracy. It is quite distinct in character from the indigenous silve
jewellery of the country.”

Jewellery to suit European taste, such as necklets and necklaces, bracelet:
lockets, pendants, and brooches, hairpins, shoebuckles, and other article
are extensively manufactured for export, but the personal ornaments ani
attardans and panhattas, or receptacles for perfume and betel, are in gre
demand amongst the Bengalis. Gold and silver filigrain is also largel
manufactured at Dacca. The Nawab Ahsanulla has lent a good collection ,
personal ornaments and boxes, among which one is specially remarkable, ani
silver models of elephants, &c. It is said that the demand for Dacca silverwa
has increased of late, while that for Cuttack has diminished. The Maharajal
of Dinajpur also exhibits a collection of the characteristic silver jewellery
that place, which shows highly interesting primitive forms, strongly recallin
the ancient torques of the Celtic races. Tho State of Hill Tipperah exhibits
coliection of work resembling the Cutiack ware. An envelope case is special
worthy of notice. Gold jewellery worn by the higher classes in Bengal i
chiefly made in Calcutta. The different shapes are illustrated in the exhibitio
of cheap jewellery made in gilt metal, These ornaments are ‘chiefly used }
women who are too poor to afford real gold or silver ornaments, and by natiy
dancers or singers, and are brought from Bonpash Kamarpara, in Burdwaj
where the kdmdrs or blacksmiths carry on their hereditary manufactur
Mahommedans, who are the professional electroplaters of Bengal, wash a
gild the ornaments, giving them a complete finish. In the “ Industrial Arts |
India,” it is stated that at Dacca a considerable quantity of gold and silvé
plate of good original design and excellent workmanship is made. The Beng
Committee, however, report that but little gold or silver plate work is execute
by the natives of Bengal. From Murshidabad an drdkdan is exhibited, wh
three specimens of tho primitive Thibetan work have been sent from Darjilix
The Calcutta Government Schooi of Art shows a collection of copper repous
work made by the students. Vessels of beli-metal, brass or copper, are used
every native household, Hindus use brass and bell-metal ware for domest
and copper for religious purposes, while the Mahommedans prefer tinn!
copper vessels. Khankra, near Murshidabad, and Janjharpur near Darbhangi
have the best reputation for plain polished work. Hugli, Gays, Moharbhanj, at
Calcutta, are the only places where there is any carving worth notice, and

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The Empire of India. 39

cannot bear comparison with that executed in other provinces. ‘The cut figures
of deities from Gaya and Moharbhanj are quaint in design, but without finish.
The collection of spittoons, watercups, drinking vessels, chillumchis, plates and
bowls, &c., was purchased in the Calcutta Bazaar. It consists of articles manu-
factured in Calcutta or brought from the districts of Bankura, Burdwan,
Howrah, Ahmedakud, and Murshidabad. The large and smaller brass spittoons
are specialities of the village of Belur in the Howrah district. Good specimens
of the best bell-metal wares manufactured in Murshidabad will be found
amongst them. Birbhum furnishes a large collection, and Rangpur sends two
examples of Chilmari cups, so called from the place of their manufacture; one
(894) is a nest of nine bell-metal cups, locally called a gdnjdé bati, The next is
a tumbler with a cup below and another at the top, with a small plate covered
over with a conical cover, This is called ganja gelés, and is generally used
for carrying tiffin, &c,

The inlaid or bidri ware made at Purniah and Murshidabad is well
represented, though, in the process of manufacture, both as regards the
combined metal of copper and zine, of which the ware is made, and the mode
of inlaying the gold and silver, whether it be leaf for the inferior or wire
for the best articles, there is an essential difference between the original
manufacture of Bidar and that of Bengal. In the first the ground colour
is as a rule white, while the ornamental patterns are in black. In the second
the ground is black, the tracing and figures being of silver and white. A
hikd lent by the Nawab of Murshidabad is gold, inlaid on a black ground.
The ornaments of the Purniah ware are sometimes of a Chinese character,
probably introduced by way of Sikkim or Bhotan.

The inland work of Monghyr, consisting of highly-polished ebony inlaid
with ivory, is the only manufacture of its kind in Bengal, but the superior
attractions of the more lucrative employment on the Kast India Railway
are said to have reduced the number of Hindu carpenters engaged in. this
industry to six or eight. The ivory carving of Murshidabad is under the
active patronage of the Maharani Swarnamiyi, M.C.1., of Kasimbazar, and’ the
Nawab of Murshidabad, and is said to be the best in Bengal, but trade is
said to be on the decline. It is also carried on in Patna, Dacca, Orissa,
Rangpur, Hill Tipperah and Sarun. ‘The Murshidabad work is exemplified
by @ collection of models of the goddess Durga, a bullock cart and native
woman going to bathe, lent by the Maharaja of Dinajpur, and a collection of
palkis boats, personal ornaments, ploughmen and ploughs, &c. The Maharani
Swarnaméyi has offered the carved elephant with state howdah and figures
(798), and the carved stick (797), a8 presents to Her Majesty the Queen,
Empress of India, and H.R.H. the Prince of Wales respectively, at the close

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40 The Empire of India.

of the Exhibition. Among the other carvings are figures of prominent
personages of the Hindu mythology. An ivory hat and an ivory fan (1480-1), are
presentations from H.H. the Maharaja of Hill Tipperah to H.R.H. the Prince of
Wales.

Wares.—The lacquered wares of Ilambazar in Birbhum, and of
Murshidabad, are the best in Bengal. The models of fruits and vegetables are
not good, nor is much artistic taste shown in the colouring, but the polish
of the surfaces shows great care in the manipulation. The Patna cups
and boxes have better pretensions to design, but their workmanship is rude
and unfinished. The Shahabad playing cards, made of pieces of talc lacquered
and painted, are a noteworthy specimen of Indian carving, and amongst the
Murshidabad gold spangled articles some are worthy of notice.

At late Exhibitions there have been seen no specimens of Bengal wood
carving. The present collection shows that the art, though not much practised,
still exists. The models of the temples constructed at Barakhar, Cuttack, and
Dinajpur, are good samples of the Bengali skill in carpeniry. The Gaya
carving, both old and modern, can be studied in the specimens of old doorways
and balconies, and the new doorway made at Gaya.

Calcutta Government School of Art furnishes a gambhar-wood (Gmelina
arborea, Rox.) jewel-box carved after Hindu ornamental designs, by Babu
Harish Chandra, the teacher of wood carving in the School of Art, Calcutta.
The five repoussé copper electro-plated panels fixed on the top and sides are
made by Babu Saratchandra Das, a student of the same school. The designs
in these are taken from Bhubaneswar Temple, in Orissa.

Four sets of ornaments, each consisting of necklace, a pair of bracelets, 4
air of rings, and a brooch, are exhibited from Monghyr. One is of buffalo horn,
two of ebony, and the fourth is a curious set made out of betel nuts, and a
remarkable stick made of betel nuts joined together, with an ivory handle,
made at Sarun, is noted as presented by the Maharaja Krishna Pratab Sahai
of Hatwa, to the Government of Bengal. The carved stone-wares manufactured
at Gaya, locally called sontrash, are the best of the kind in Bengal. They are
purchased to a large exient by the pilgrims who visit Gaya, and the Public
Library of that place has lent a very good collection, pottery, &c., including
black marble jars, plates, &c., figures of idols, mendicants, and animals. Two
large plates from Monghyr have been presented by Messrs. Ambler & Co., whose
manufactures are illustrated by a large collection in the Imperial Court. The
pottery of Bengal is more remarkable for its shape than for external finish
or decoration. Dinajpur cor.:vutes the best forms. Messrs. Burn & Co's
Ramganj Pottery Works turn out excellent pottery, though not of an oriental
description. ‘The black and red pottery wares of Sarun, consisting of cups,

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The Great Muscle Formers for Athletes, Cyclists, Pedestrians,
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Exhibit in Canadian Section. Qfices—{0, Trinity Square, Tower Hill, Londog.

The Empire of India. 41
saucers, goblets, teapots, &c., are said to be a manufacture introduced from

Azingash. In unglazed pottery the Calcutta Government School of Art sends

a variety of patterns, such as the lizard pattern, the monkey pattern, the

trimurti pattern, bearing figures of Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahadeva, the swan,

and lotrs patterns. In the Patna glass ware there is a strong inclination

manifested to imitate European work.

Textile Fabrics.—With the exception of the celebrated Dacca muslins, the
Murshidabad and Bankura silks and the Tasar silks, the fabrics of Bengal are
not of a high order of excellence. Notwithstanding the supercession of native-
made cotton fabrics by the cheaper piece goods of Manchester, which has taken
place generally throughout the country, the former are still woven in small quan-
tities in every district. A collection of cotton fabrics bought in Howrak: Bazaar,
and those made in Dinajpur and in the Chittagong and Hill Districts, show
generally the style of native-made cloths worn in Bengal. In the first collec-
tion it is believed that no Indian dyes, with the exception of indigo, are used.
The twist and the dyes are imported, and the dhotis and saris are woven in
the villages. The ceuntry-woven cloths are more durable than imported piece-
goods, but their comparatively high prices prevent their being commonly worn.
The colours in the cloths from the Hill 'I'ribes are firm and durable, while the
designs are generally good. The kokti cloth, which resembles the well-known
kaki used for hot-weather uniforms, and is superior to it in that it does not
change colour or fade, is manufactured in Purnia, Muzafferpur and Dharbanga.
A large collection of well-made cotton fabrics of European fashion is sent by
Messrs. Thakur Prosad Shaw and Co. of Dinapur. In Patna the weaving of
fine cotton stuffs still continues.

The celebrated muslins of Dacca are still represented, but the exquisite
fineness of the historical manufacture is a thing of the past. Sir George Bird-
wood tells us that in the time of Jehangir, muslin could be manufactured
15 yds. long and 1 yd. broad, weighing only 900 grains and worth £40. Now
the finest piece of that size weighs 1600 grains, and is worth only £10. Rare
muslins, which were named the “dew of the evening,” and “ running water,”
because they became invisible on the wet grass or in a stream, no longer exist.
Several fine specimens of the present manufacture are exhibited by the Nawab
Asanulla. Others are sent for sale, The muslins are now generally made of
English twist, but tho finer sorts of Indian twist. The weaving of the latter
is carried on during the rains, and in the early morning and evening, as there
isnot enough moisture in the air at other times, and the warp would break.
In dry hot weather it is necessary when weaving the finest fabrics to keep
shallow vessels of water beneath the net, the evaporation from which keeps the
warp moist. Pubna produces the finest plain dotis and saris manufactured in

——

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Manufacturers of Great Britain and Ireland.
Prepared for the use of Colonial and Indian Visitors te England
PRICH 1- BY POST.
“THE BRITISH TRADH JOURNAL,” 13 OANNON STREET, LONDON,

42 The Empire of India.

Bengal. They are only made to order for the rich and well-to-do members of
society,

Charkhana or coloured checks, known as Mynamati cloths from the place of
their manufacture, are made in Tipperah, and said to be prepared from cotton
grown in the state. Some of the checked and striped patterns display great
taste. Cotton printing with country block prints was formerly a considerable
manufacture in Bengal, but the introduction of Manchester goods has almost
destroyed tio trade. Calcutta and the Districts of Darbhangah, Sarun and
Patna are the only places in Bengal where this art is still carried on. Speci-
mens from Patna show that the fabrics are only stamped in colours, but in
the Calcutta goods the patterns are first struck off with carved tamarind wood
blocks smeared with a peculiar sort of dye stuff, and then boiled in a dye
solution which leaves a reddish colour in the cloth that does not fade.

Carpets are the only woollen fabrics made in Bengal. The Darjiling fabrics
and rugs exhibited ave manufactured in Thibet and used by Thibetans. The
carpets made in the Hazaribagh and Bhagalpur jails are perhaps the best. The
Patna carpets are inarred by their texture and aniline dyes.

The chief silk-producing districts in Bengal are Murshidabad and Ban-
kura. Large collections are sent from these two places, and also from Midna-
pur. Pieces of silk, probably of Chinese design, are shown from Darjiling,
which also sends coats, hats and dancing @resses. Maldah dyed silks are
represented by saris of “peacock neck” colour, “sky” colour, and “ sunshine
and shade,” which is a shot silk. Some white silks from Murshidabad are
excellent examples. They are manufactured chiefly from Marchband silk, which
is the best of the kind for whiteness and glossy and soft textures. Worthy of
notice are five pieces of unbleached silk cloth, representing the well-known
corahs.

In mixed fabrics Bhagalpur sends specimens of a cloth called bafta, which
is made of tasar silk in the warp, and cotton in the weft. ‘This is described as
very durable, and is in great demand both by Europeans and natives. The
bafta cloth is of uniform colour, being dyed after being woven, ‘The renowned
embroideries of Murshidabad, the embroidered muslin of Dacca and Patna make
a varied and atiractive exhibition. . The collections of Dacca and Calcutta
embroideries are believed to be the most comprehensive that have yet been
made. The embroidery known as kasida, which is executed with the wild muga
or tasur silk, is a manufacture considerably on the increase, the pieces being
largely exported by Arab merchants to Aden, Persia and Turkey for turbans.
Two magnificont specimens of gold embroidery, one being a canopy with
fringes, and the other the cover of a palanquin, have been lent by Maharani
Swarnamayi, and a beautiful embroidered saddle-cloth (No. 97) has been pre-

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The Empire of India. 43

sented ‘= the Rajah’ of Hutwa to the Bengal Government. The large
collection of chikan work from Calcutta will be found described in detail in the
special catalogue. The coloured grass mats exhibited are used by the Hindus
during sacred ceremonials, and they are shown in the collection purchased in
the Calcutta Bazaar. The beautiful ivory mat, marginated with gold embroidery
from Dacca, made of narrow and thin ivory stripes woven like the adjacent
sital patti mats, has been lent by the Nawab of Dacca.

NEPAL COURT.

Adjoining the Bengal Court is the small but highly interesting court
devoted to the Art-ware of the little-known territory of Nepal, which stretches
from the southern ranges of the Himalayas twenty miles into the “ plain” and
700 miles along the Northern India frontier. The area is estimated at 54,000
square miles, and the populati- is guessed rather than reckoned at about
two millions. Although adverse to the admission of European tourists into
the valleys of Nepal, the Government has co-operated with the Resident in
furnishing a swall court with examples of the special arts and industries which
belong almost exclusively to the Newars, whom the Ghurkhas conquered about
1768, becoming thus the dominant race.

The Screen.—The front face of the screen, which is double, consists of a
large central plaque, and two smaller side plaques of carved birch wood, divided
and bordered by panels of carved satisal wood.

The central plaque is a copy, half the actual scale of a window above the
entrance of an ancient Newar Vihar, or monastery in the town Patan. The
original window must be from two to three hundred years old, All the details
have been faithfully copied in the replica. The side plaques are copies on a

- reduced scale of windows frequently seen in old Newar buildings—either

- monasteries, temples, darbars, or private dwellings. The inner face of the

sereen is of carved birch-wood, the patterns shown being reproductions of
types of ancient Newar decorative carving. The double row of pillars and
arches supporting the screen are copied from the enclosure of the temple at
Tripureswar, on the banks of the river Baghmati near Katmandu. The carving
of the front face of the central arch is supposed to represent cloudy sky, the
winged figures being angels, or the substitute for them in Newar mythology,
and the dragons symbols of lightning.

Two models give good types of tho peculiar temple architecture of Nepal,
and the architectural wood carving, which is by far the most important
decorative art to be found in the ccuntry, is exemplified not only in the screen,

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44 The Empire of India.

but in a great number of specimens of pillars, doorways, arches, balconies, &c.
The carving is artistic in the highest degree. Figures of gods, demons, snakes,
and animals of all sorts, wreaths and flowers and intricate patterns, are worked
on balconies and windows, the proportions of which are as graceful and true as
the details are elaborate. This work is done by a class of Newars called
lokarmi, Unfortunately the industry is fast falling into abeyance from a com-
bination of causes, of which perhaps the greatest is the expensiveness of the
work, An interesting object is the front of a Nepalese pati or verandah,
resting-place erected by the pious for the accommodation of travellers. It isa
c py in sal wood of a pati of some antiquity in the town of Pattan.

A curious set of musical instruments includes both wind instruments and
drums and tambourines, which are believed to be peculiar to the country.

The jewellery exhibited shows that Nepalese gold and silversmiths are not
particularly skilful, but occasionally some good filigree work is seen in the
sheaths of tulwars and other weapons. Several.of the designs for rings, head
ornaments, &c., are peculiar and not seen elsewhere. The military head-
dresses are peculiar to the country, worn by the highest class, are of great
value, and composed almost entirely of diamonds, pearls, and emeralds set in
silver.

The brass and copper wares are examples of the work done by Newars at
Pattan. They include lotas, balls, bells, lamps, and religious objects. A great
deal of brass-work is done by Newars at Pattan, and the designs of some of the
lamps are quaint and artistic. The pagoda-like temples are hung with little
bells, to the clappers of which are attached broad leaf-shaped pieces of brass.
These are set in motion by the wind, and a continual tinkle is kept up.
Besides others, two classes of bells are largely manufactured. One made of
brass is used in Hindu temples. The other of mixed metal is used by’ Buddh-
ists. The bows and arrows, targets of rhinoceros hide, and other arms
exhibited, may be classed as obsolete arms, though bows and arrows are still
used in some parts of the Terai. The kora is a carved tulwar, the extremity of
the blade widening so as to somewhat resemble the blade of an axe. It was
formerly used in warfare, but at present only in beheading ballooks for
sacrifice. The animal’s head is taken off at one blow.

In the cotton and silk fabrics, there are specimens of Nepalese homespun
cloth, but the materials of the other cotton and silk clothing are imported. A
very curious object amongst the saddlery is a saddle in use in the households of
wealthy Nepalese. It is strapped on the backs of male or female servants,
whose duty it is to carry their masters and mistresses up and down stairs, or
from one part of the house to another. <A Nepalese lady of rank will scarcely
walk from one room to the next.

HOWARD PARQUET,

FLOOR COVERINGS WHIOCEFTL

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26, BERNERS STREET, w.

The Empire of India. 45

NORTH-WEST PROVINCES AND OUDH COURT.

The North-Western Provincss and Oudh, forming together the upper
portion of the great valley of the Ganges, have an area of 106,111 square miles,
and a total population of 44,000,000. Allahabad is the present seat of Govern-
ment, transferred from the ancient Moghal city of Agra, while Lucknow is the
former capital of the Kingdom of Oudh. These are all seats and centres of art
manufactures, and Agra, in particular, boasts the possession of the glorious
monuments of Moghal magnificence, affection and piety contained in the Taj-
Mahal, the most beautiful building in India—perhaps in the world—and the
great Fort with its mosques and palaces.

In political connection with the Government of the North-Western
Provinces are the two Native States Rampur and Gurwhal.

Screens.—The screens fall into three divisions, of which the first row of
marble pillars, inlaid with precious stones, has been taken from a large number
of pillars of similar design now lying in the Fort at Agra, and constitute a gift
from the Government of the United Provinces to the National collection at
South Kensingtou. The inlaid work on the pillars is similar to much of that on
the world-famed Taj, and it is supposed that they were constructed in view of
extending the buildings known as the Diwan-i-khas. Before, however, the
pillars could be erected, Agra was taken and held for a time by Sooraj Mull,
the neighbouring Raja of Bharatpur, by whom the pillars were apparently buried
previous to the town being recovered from him.

The next consists entirely of stone-carving executed at Muttra and Agra
for the Royal Commission. The trellised screens are faithful copies of similar
screens in the Taj and at Fatehpur Sikri, respectively, while the open arches are
in like manner copies of work to be seen in the Agra Fort and Fatehpur Sikri.

The third consists entirely of wood-work. The ends of the Court are
furnished by workmen from the districts of Bulandshahr and Mainpuri, while
the frontage to the extent of 50 feet is occupied by carved wood-work, ‘the
greater portion of which has been dug out of anciont houses in Lucknow City
under demolition as ruinous from age. Necessarily, to adapt the screen to the
dimensions insisted on, some fresh wood has had to be added, but in the main this
portion represents the style of doors, arches, &c., to be seen in the Lucknow
bazaars. Owing to the decay of the older part of the city, house demolition is
an every-day occurrence, and not a few doors, as delicately carved as this
example, are to be found a prey to white ants and weather in the timber yards.

The remaining portion of the frontage was executed at Farukhahbad from.
the designs, and under the superintendence, of Seth Janki Das, a wealthy

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46 The Empire of India.

merchant of that city, and is the copy of the frontage of a verandah erected a
few years ago in the Seth’s house.

Carving.—The stone-carving of Agra, which one portion of the screen illus-
trates, is applied to stone trellis-work and exquisitely fine work in marble and
alabaster. This is a legacy from the golden age of Agra, when the skilled
workmen of Rajputana were imported to carve the white marbles of Jeypore and
the red sandstone of Bhurtpur, with which respectively the great forts and
mosques of Delhi and Agra and the palaces of Fatehpur Sikri were built and
decorated. The marble teapoys, plates, boxes, and paper weights, inlaid with
precious stones and mother-o’-pearl, in like manner represent the revival of the
art which is applied by Austin of Bordeaux to the decorations of the T'aj-Mahal,
and of which the early form is shown by the pillars described above.

Carved sandstone ware is also executed by the workers in the inlaid
marbles; and here may be mentioned the model from Mirzapur, illustrating
a Hindu temple such as are found in various parts of Upper India. The
district of Mirzapur is described as abounding in good stones and good
workmen.

Jewellery.—The manufacture of Lucknow jewellery, though like the trade of
the Jauharis, or dealers in precious stones, it has declined since the abolition of
the luxurious and splendid court, still maintains its excellence, though not its
extent. <A speciality of Lucknow is what is known as diamond-cut silver
ornaments. Facets are cut and burnished which, when in the form of stars,
bear at a distance a strong resemblance to the flashing of a diamond. The
best, and it might almost be said the only, collection under this heading
comes from Lucknow itself; but Rae Bareli aud Jhansi send single examples.

The gold and silver ware, as distinguished from jewellery, show consider-
able variety in designs and in work, some of which is engraved, some repoussé,
some in plain silver, others in silver-gilt, and others enamelled.

One of the more notable sats of the manufacture of bidri ware, already
described, is the same city of Lucknow, where it has been an increasing trade
for some years. The number of manufacturers engaged in 1881 was 13, and
the next year 31. A modified form of bidri work called zarbuland is made at
Lucknow, in which the patterns are slightly raised and not set even with the
surface, as in the ordinary bidri ware. This is an imitation of many kinds of
copper and brass ware—especially those of the Punjab—in which the white
silver designs stand out in relief on a red or yellow ground of the copper
or brass vessels. The process followed in the manufacture of zarbuland is
nearly the same as that of the ordinary bidri, except that, instead of excavating
the patterns for the gold or silver plates, the ornamental designs are raised
above the surface and chased.

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The Empire of India. 47

The Moradabad ware, in which tin is soldered on the brass and incised
through to the interior metal in floriated patterns, which sometimes are
simply marked by the yellow outlines of the brass, and at others by
graving out the whole ground between the scrolls and filling it in with
& composition of lacquer, either black or of various colours, has advanced
rapidly in popularity during the last few years. A considerable collection
of 134 articles is brought together, and will serve to make this artistic
and ornamental work still better known.

The engraved Benares brass-ware already mentioned, is in like manner

copper tray (No. 1206) deserves a special notice. The principal variation
in the other exhibits of these wares, is in some cases the copper studding
of the Lahitpur ware, and the fluted surface in others, the shapes being
generally the same. Note, however, the curious inkstands of the village
accountants (1213-14). The bell-metal ware from Mullipatti, Azamgarh, is
known from the proportions of the alloy as san satais, or one hundred
and twenty-seven, and can only be obtained in a few places. The city of
Mathura, or Muttra, once a centre of the Buddhist faith, and “converted”
by Shah Jehan, who appointed a governor “expressly to stamp out idolatry,”
bs now a great centre of Hindu devotion, and visited annually by large
numbers of pilgrims. ‘The surrounding country teems with legends of the
livine ‘brothers, Krishna and Balaram, who dwelt in the neighbouring plain.
he brass images of deities, and the brass and silver toys in the shape
bf horses and peacocks which are shown, are largely manufactured for the
benefit of the pilgrims.

Amongst the enamelled vessels, the best work is that on specimens
preserved from the time of the old native Court.

The inlaid werk from Mainpuri is of shisham wood, into which patterns
tre beaten in brass wire and polished. The designs are either of foliage
br geometrical. The same work can be applied with good effect to
panelling doors, picture-framing, and other decorative purposes.

The different lacquered wares show the style peculiar to each district;
but the modes of manufacture already described are the same in all.

The papier-mache work from Rampur and Mandawar is in both cases
hn introduction from Kashmir, and the description of it will be more
hppropriately given under the heading of the Kashmir Court.

The wood carving of Nagina, in Bijnor district, has greatly developed of

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48 The Empire of India.

a ne + eS

late, and is now applied to innumerable articles of household and general
use, of which 44 examples are shown. Ebony is the principal material,
relieved by silver and mother-o’-pearl mounts in the more elaborate and
accordingly more expensive designs. There is nothing characteristic except
the material which is in the Banda exhibits of Japidaries’ work. Th
agates are procured from the bed of the river Ken, and are chiefly used
in making articles of European design.

Cotton Weaving.—The cotton fabrics in this Court are almost all of the
finest sorts manufactured in the North-Western provinces. Notwithstanding
the competition of Manchester fabrics, the great cotton-weaving industry o
Oudh still holds its ground, although the Jolahdss, or hand-loom weavers
of Lucknow, are reported by Mr. Hoey as finding their trade so diminishing
that they are emigrating from the city, or seeking other occupations,
The exhibits comprise fine specimens of the muslins of Sikanderabad
turban cloths fringed with gold, handkerchiefs, &c. These are distinguished
not only by their fineness, but by the use of gold thread as a_borde
The woven pattern muslins from Jais, Rae Bareli, are the most famous 0
the textile manufactures of that place. The weavers have a curious art o
interweaving at the time of manufacture any design that may be suggest
to them. Verses and sentences are most common, and are suggested b
every taste and creed. Some are passages from the Koran, others from th
Vedas, and others from Dr. Watts’s moral songs and hymns. At Luckno
muslin is still largely manufactured, being preferred for embroide:
purposes to English muslin. The woven pattern muslin of Benares riv
in its delicacy the famous product of the Dacca looms, and the Ramp
cotton damask, either plain or with borders and coloured thread,
interwoven with gold thread, received a gold medal at the Calcut
Exhibition.

Cotton Printing.—Cotton-printing is still a successful calling in Luckno
notwithstanding they have to compete with Manchester chintzes sold for o
shilling a yard, while the native handiwork costs one shilliug and eightpence
but the Lucknow chintzes are far superior in the colour, the Kukrail and Bai
rivers being famous for the purity of tints that their waters give to the deep-ton
dyes of India. The hand-stamped chintzes of Fatehpur, of which there
four pieces, may be noted as more elaborate in design, and on a large
scale. The patterns and work of the cotton carpets of Bulandshahr, Ag
and Aligarh, are various, and they are of all sizes, the best being used
small prayer carpets for Mussulman devotions. .

Embroidery.—The chikan or hand-worked flower muslin of Lucknow is i
great demand in all parts of India. The material embroidered is the tanzeb

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The Empire of India. 49

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ocally manufactured muslin, of which samples are separately exhibited. Tho
pattern is stamped in a thick solution of red ochre, or a red dye extracted from
wc, Ly a chhipi or cotton printer, who does no other work. Mr. Hoey says,
peaking of the embroidery, that little girls, five or six years of age, may be seen
itting at the doors of houses busily moving their tiny fingers over a piece of
anzeb and working flowers, for which they are paid the poor price of a paisa (id.)
or the 100 flowers. It is by this early beginning that chikan workers attain the

eat skill they do in embroidery. Ono piece of 9} yards long, worked in good
yle with diagonal stripes and flowers, will contain 560 yards of the stripe and
60 flowers. The embroiderer for all this work is paid only four rupess. Tho
3 pieces of the Benares kinkhabe, or cloth-of-gold brocades, call for no special
marks, but command attention as the most effective of all the fabrics shown.
Gold and Silver Lace.—The celebrated gold and silver embroideries and laces
f Lucknow are divided into kamdani, or muslins hand-embroidered in gold
hread, and used for capes, dress pieces, &c. and zardozi, which include velvet
nd cloth embroidered with gold and silver thread, shawls, caps, laces, &e. This
worked in the same manner as tho Delhi karchob, he gold and silver laco is,
owever, a separate staple manufacture. In both the embroidery and the lace the
old or silver wire is drawn to that extraordinary fineness which is obtainable
l over India, by the patient and skilful wire-drawers, who will produce nearly
DO yards of silver-gilt wire from a rupee’s worth of silver. he thread
mployed for gold or silver lace is beaten with a hammer into a flattened
ead, and the only difference between weaving cotton and weaving gold lace,
that the cadla, or gold or silver thread which makes the woof, is not putina
uttle, but is passed between the thread of the warp, on a nari or bobbin.
ost of the articles are for the native market ; but European demand for slippers,
d other goods, has given an impetus to the manufacture, From Agra
nbroidered scarves and gold lace in rolls are aiso shown.

THE PUNJAB COURT,

The Punjab Province, including the territo-y surrounding Delhi, contains
5,632 square miles, and a population of 15,350,437 souls. There are 34
tive states in connection with the Punjab, comprising an area of nearly
}00 square miles, and 2,000,000 of inhabitants. Both these estimates,
wn from the last Moral and Material Progress Report, are much below the
imate given in the Gazetteer of India.

The Screen.—The screen consists of two arcades, each 100 feet in length,
ed by four end arcades of three arches, each 12 ft. 6 in. in length. One

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50 The Empire of India,

of the longer arcades is wrought in shisham (Dalbergia sissu), the cabinet woo
of the Punjab, and was made at Udoki, a village in the Amritsar district, by
large family of Sikh carpenters, headed by Gopal Singh and Ganga Singh
Carpentry has long been a favourite occupation of the Sikhs, and this portion i
a fair sample of their skill. The pillars are slightly varied in detail, and
proportion of the parts is according to the received canons of to-day as derivs
from Moghul architecture. The spandrils or mihrabs, owing to the condition
involved in the sizes specified on the sketch-plan furnished as a guide, «
somewhat insignificant in their proportions, but there are numerous examples ¢
precisely this form both in old and modern work. The horizontal panels are i
framed geometric lattices (not perforated), locally known as Pinjra, literall
« cage-work,” strongly resembling the lattice work seen in Arabic architecture
This is, perhaps, the most characteristic feature of Punjab wood-work, and it i
valuable as producing a peculiar effect of repose. One set of the horizon
panels is in shisham wood inlaid with ivory, and was made at Bassi Ghu
Huasain, near Hushiarpur. The cresting and the finials are forms in actu
use. The whole of the work, indeed, is such as is wrought for the best
of constructions every day in the Punjab.

The similar length opposite is in deodar or Himalayan cedar (
deodara), and is the work of various hands in Lahore, notably Chanda Sing
and Lena Singh, also Sikhs. Deodar wood is full of resin, and consequently i
not attacked by insects, and it is extremely durabie. It is practically th
building timber of the province.

"he end arcades—two in shisham and two in deodar—are designed in
different style, known among Punjab workmen as Akbari. It is doub
whether this older type of wood-work is correctly referred to the time of Akbar
bat the name serves well enough to indicate a finer and more delicate fashic
than is now usually followed, The square Hindu shaft and other minor detai
are characteristic of this style, and in older work a peculiar crispness a
brightness of execution, combined sometimes with excessive minuteness,
noticegble.

Carving. —The architectural wood-work of the provinces is also exemplified
the series of carved doors and windows from Berar, Chiniot and Hissar, tl
carved screen of three arches from Sialkot, and an arcado of three arches fre
Batala. The carved door from Karnal, in the southern part of the Punjab,
altogether exceptional, and is copied from an old Hindu stone door. There
scarcely any Hindu sculpture in woed extant, and on the Punjab plains ve
little Hindu stone carving. The current architectural notions are entire
Mussulman. ‘he six panels in geometrical tracery, or pinjra, literally cag
work, are specimens of the Arabic geometrical wood-work, which is an importa

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The Empire of India. 51
ature in Punjab architectural design. The carved panels from Sialkot are
ntended for use in furniture.

Jeweilery.—The special catalogue states that the selection of gold and silver-
miths’ work for personal adornment has been limited by circumstances to purely
popular forms. Most of the ornaments in ordinary use in the Punjab will be
ound, but there are very few of a costly kind. The great variety of the articles
ill, however, furnish a good illustration of the universal use of silver orna-
ments by ali ages and all classes in India. It has been well said that the
quantity and quality of jewellery worn by women is a sure and safe criterion
of the prosperity of the people. It is an investment for savings easily con-
artible in case of need.

Enamels.—Enamelled jewellery from Kangra, Multan, and Bahawalpur are
good examples of the Punjab branches of silver enamelling. Bahawalpur
patterns are chiefly of the conventional flowers in panels, scrolls and geometric
liapers and probably are of the same origin as the Multan enamel which Mr.
Baden Powell states to have been first made by a jeweller named Naulu, 400
years ago. The colours generally employed are blue, black, yellow, and several
hades of orange, brickdust red or pink. The enamels from Kangra and Kulu

are remarkable for the excellency of their blues. None of these, however,
qual the Jeypore enamels described in the Rajputana Court.

The damascened work or koft, which was formerly extensively practised on

he arms and armour made in the chief towns of the Punjab, is now only found
in Sialkot and at Gujerat. The articles made are chiefly ornamental small
wares for decorative purposes. The art consists in incrusting or inlaying a
ire of ore metal, usually gold or silver, on another in ornamental patterns,
fold and steel are the favourite materials. In the best examples (tar-i-nishan)
he pattern is first incised, and the wire is laid in. In the ordinary work of
he Punjab, the iron or steel is first roughened all over, and the gilded silver
ire is laid on in foliated patterns, and burnished into its place. The ground
is afterwards blued by heat. The surface of the iron or steel is sometimes
hiselled in patterns in relief. Specimens of this variety are shown from
Hahore. Two caskets (642 & 643), from Sialkot and Gujerat, were made to the
order of the Royal Commissioners.
Brass, Copper, and Mixed Metal—Of the brass, copper, and mixed-metal
es, 40 articles are specimens of the manufacture of brass-ware at Rewari in
he Gurgaon District, the greater part of which, in accordance with modern
custom, is tinned. ‘The articles shown include hookahs, pandans or betel-nut
boxes, water vessels, lamps, bells for carts, cattle, and temples, &c.

The graven patterns are minute and comparatively ineffective, and appear to

be imitated from the well-known Moradabad wares. The Dera Ghazi Khan

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52 Ths Empire of India.

ee eee ne = eee

chasto and ornamental brass wares are considered to be beautiful in both form
and workmanship. It is noted that copper engraving on tin is employed by
Mahommedans, whilo brass, tinned or plain, is preferred by the Hindus, This
at least is the opinion of Mr. Kipling. The Ludiana locks in the form of
animals, and with a European lever action, are curious. Two sets of wares for
Hindu worship are shown from Gurgdon and Sialkot. A set comprises a tashla,
or dish in which idols receive ablutions; the arha, a vessel of symbolic shape; a
singasan, or stand for idols; the arti, or sacrificial lamp; the bell ; the charmanli,
or spoon ; and the kauli, or vessel for mixing sandal-wood paste. The prevalence
of Mahommedanism has prevented any development of figure casting in the
countries known collectively as the Punjab. The idols of Amritsar aro
primitive and poor in design, and it is stated, on the authority of Mr. Kipling,
that the upper classes of Hindus care very little for idols of any kind, and tho
preferences of the lower classes are for the more monstrous personages of their
mythology.

The Golden Temple.—This brief allusion to religious differences as influencing
art may servo to call attention to the Amritsar door in beaten copper-work, which
is in the stylo of somo of tho beaten silver doors at the golden temple of tho
Darbar Sahib of the Sikhs. ‘Che upper part of the temple itself is sheathed in
beaten work of copper richly gilded, whence it derives its name. The model of
this holiest shrine of the Sik} religion, which, like Mahommedanism, excludes
all iconic forms, or what are cuiamonly termed idols, from its worship, has been
made by Sikh carpenters, The only object, if it may be so called, of worship
in this golden temple, is the Adi Granth or holy scriptures of the Sikhs, In
this temple, as in all others, a copy of the holy book is exposed to the venera-
tion of the pilgrims on an ottoman, and it is ccremonially covered with
magnificent kinkhabe and silk wrappers, while an attendant sits by waving
chauri.

Arms.—Among the arms and armour, the more notable are the matchlocks
made at Kohat, and the sword-belt with its numerous appendages from Dera
Ghazi Khan, which is an exceptionally good example of the taste and » ll which,
amongst the warlike population of the frontier, aro often lavished en war
trappings. At Sialkot chain-mail suits and Char Aina, or four plate suits of
armour, ure still made for the retinues of some native chiefs, and for sale to
Europeans. Gujeranwala has a reputation for offensive arms as well as for
more innocent cutlery, for which Nizamabad is especially known. ‘The finish
and polish of the articles, though not perfect, is better than the quality of the
steel, which, although tough, is deficient in hardness, and often hardly to be
distinguished from good iron. Cid S!es of English manufacture aro, however,
sometimes forged into daggers and knives of good quality, but the country iron

NOTICE TO VISITORS.

(a

ABE interested in NEW COMMERCIAL PLANTS and DRUGS,
TANNINS, SSSENCES, PERFUMES, an. their preparation for the Markey
desiring Ixrormavior, or Reports on Samples, should ce!! upon

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Coptce of * New Commercial Plante and rus,” Nos. 1 to 9, tan be ob at the Ojfos

The Empire of cndia. 53

is generally used. By an ingenious process of etching, the wavy lines called
jauhar, the Persian smith’s work so much prized on old blades, are imitated. A
ground of fine lime mixed with mucilage is laid over the blade, and when
nearly set the artificer dextrously removes the line with his thw) in fine lines
which have a certain resemblance to the lines of welded an‘ — ‘sted steel.
Sulphate of iron is then applied, to bite in these lines, No experi, ..owever, can
be taken in by these marks, as close examination shows the grain of the thumb.
A rude form of penknife, with immovable blade, a turned-up point and wooden
handle, is said to be the only article of Nizamabad cutlery which has a large
local sale.
Carved Chair,—Under the heading “* Carved Furniture and Carpentry,” is a
curious chair contributed by the Municipality of Lahore, which is a relic of the
period of the Sikh rule, and belonged to Gen. ahi Baksh, who commanded the
Khalsa artillery. ‘The ivory inlay of Hushiarpur is well represented by cabinets,
chairs, tables, &c. &c., made of shisham wood inlaid with ivory. This industry
is of recent growth, owing much of its present character to the exertions of
Mr. W. Coldstream, C.8. Wood inlay is understood to a limited extent by most
of the more skilful mistres, or carpenters, of the Punjab, who employ box and
other white woods upon shisham, or the latter upon the yellow deodar, Boxwood
inlaid in shisham is the main feature of three tables from Lahore and Amritsar,
Brass inlay is practised in Hushiarpur, but the best work comes from Chiniot.
Lac Turnery.—The examples of lac turnery come from many places in the
Punjab; it is applied not only to ornamental wares, but to necessary domestic
articles, such as legs of bedsteads, stools, and tables, &c.
Native house furniture is exceedingly simple, being limited usually to a
bedstead, one or two low stools, a spinning-wheel, and a few boxes. A part
of each marriage outfit in the Punjab is a charpoy, and a quaint, high-backed
stool of turned wood, ornamented with lac. Very little painting on wood is
now done, and the lac surface, obtained by pressing what is virtually a stick of
oloured sealing-wax on an object revolving iu the lathe, is a harder and more
lid covering than any paint. The heat developed by friction melts the lac;
urther friction with the dry stem of a palm leaf, held endwise, and a final
pplication of an oiled rag of muslin, polish a coat of volour which resists dust,
he great heat of the hot weather, and the damp of the rains. But there are
ay refinemeuts in this most simple art. In Sindh and in the Punjab, layer
ipon layer of coloured lac are laid, Then, with a stylus, these coats are
tched through in a manner analogous to Italian sgrafito decoration. Sup-
ing red to have been first laid, then green, and lastly black: the black is
ratched through for green leaves, the green and black for a red flower, and for
white line all are cut through to the wood. A red-and-green pattern with

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54 The Empire of India.

white outlines on a black field is thus produced: the Firozepur patte
scrateling is perhaps the most skilful, while that of Dera Ismail Khan is th
most minute. The wood used is generally Shisham (Dalbergia sisws), but
tamarisk, acacia, and other non-resinous woods are also employed.
workmen have recently discovered that aniline colours can be used, and
consequence the Dera Ismail Khan work has lost the sobriety of dark red, blac
yellow, and silver which used to distinguish it.

Pottery.—Of the Punjak glazed pottery, Delhi contributes 106 specimens ¢
the modern manufacture, which show that it is quite possible to make a kind ¢
porcelain with the materials to be procured in the neighbourhood, The p
or body is artificially composed of powdered stone, held together for moulding
with masala or gum. It cannot, therefore, be easily worked on the wheel, bg
is pressed in moulds, The old mosques and tombs in the Punjab, as well as i
Sindh, exhibit beautiful decoration of mosaic and glazed pottery, and tiles ¢
faience. This art, known as kasi, is still in existence. ‘The specimens 6
Jalandhar, Lahore, and Multan ware contain many reproductions of the deco
tive tiles, but the original mosaic, in which each leaf and stem was a separate piece
is «nly represented pictorially. Except for hookahs and surahis there is 1
place in native life for vessels of glazed pottery. One exception to this i
shown from Peshawar, where dishes, the chief of which is the tabak, a larg
circular dish of Persian origin, are used for eating from.

Textilee.—Among the textile contributors from the Punjab, the exquisi
cotton prints made by Allayar of Kot Kamalia, and chosen under the direction
of Mr. Purdon Clarke for the Royal Commissioners, form part of the decoration
of the vestibule. Colour-printing on cotton cloth is practised in most town
and villages of the province, and is fully represented among the exhibit
The patterr:s, with one or two insignificant exceptions, are large and ¢
probably because the material usually preferred for a quilt, the decoration o
which is the staple of the cotton-printer’s trade, is the stout and rough home
spun known as Khadar.’ The dyes used hitherto are simple, being mostl
indigo, madder, pomegranate rind, turmeric, safflower, catechu, the sulph
of iron and copper, and acacia pods, used with tamarisk galls, alum,
vegetable acids. ‘The blocks are of wood, and are cut by ordinary carpenters
arule. Some of these prints are suitable for wall hangings especially, becar
of the boldness of the patterns which repeat tho motives of Mahommedan
decorations.

Cotton,—Cotton printers form a caste known as chhimba or chipi, distinc
from the dyers (rangvez). At the last census 10,199 nen and 1,105 wor
were returned as cotton printers in the Punjab, but probo,ply some of these
only washer-men. Aniline colours are liked by natives, and are only kept oug
SS PES are SO freA a 1 SS SS

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ADVERTISEMENT AGENT.

Sole Agent to the Contractors(Wittiam CLowks & Sons, Limited) for the Advertia
in this Guide and the other Official Publications of the Colonial and Indian Exhibition,

LONDON: 3794, STRAND, W.C,
(Entrance in Souticmpton Sircet.)

The Empire of India. 56

a nn ee SO ANT ay

cotton prints by their cost, The average price of cotton print on native
in three or four colours is about ten annas per square yard, Another form
printing is tinsel printing in foils of gold or silver, which is exclusively
on cloths worn at weddings. Sometimes colour is used together with
fs foil on white cloths. Real gold and silver leaf is in some patterns from Delhi,
and from Rohtak, The Rohtak foil prints are exceptionally durable-—some-
times itis true gold which lasts for many years. Of the process of knot-dyeing, a
description has been previously given under the Bombay Court. The chiras,
from Delhi, are examples of one of the most elaborate forms, stripes in various
colours being produced on narrow widths of muslin for turban pieces. ‘Tho
painted Afridi lac cloths from Peshawar aro only misnamed cotton cloth
decorated with linseed-oil painting, which is not peculiar to the Punjab frontier,
but is practised at Ahmedabad, and Morvi in Bombay. At Nasik the pattern
is produced by a perforated stamp at the end of a tube full of colour, ‘Che
Peshawar is all traced with a stick, no stamps or tubes being used. The work
is more durable than might be expected, and some specimens from Bannu are
fine in colour, bnt much of the Peshawar work is very poor.

Among the other cotton cloths are examples of khes, a stout fabric woven in
coloured checkered patterns, the peculiar quality of striped cloth known as susi,
the fine long cloth called gati, and the Rohtak muslin, The Provincial Jails
send specimens of their manufacture in the form of cotton durries, used for floor
coverings.

Woollen Fabrice.—'Tho variety of woollen fabrics in a province which possesses
a northern frontier of hill territory, with severe and long winters, and bordering
upon Cabul and Kashmir, is nevessarily considerable. The fabrics made of sheep's
wool are few in number, except in the Hill Districts, where the dress of the
people consists almost wholly of wool. In the plains, every one who can afford
it defends himself from the cold by thicknesses of cotton cloth, and coats or
quilts padded with cotton wool, and the kambhals, or blankets, are used only by
the poorer classes. Irom the plains come the coarse and hard blanketing,
finer kind of woollen wrapper called lois, and a coarse cloth, or patu, of which
specimens are shown. ‘The series of fine woollen goods, contributed by three of
the most extensive shawl merchants of the province, fully displays the present
state of the manufacture of the finer wools; both the real pashmina, or weol of
the Thibetan shawl-goat, and the wool from which the well-known rampore
chudder is made, and the kermani wool, which latter is called nakli pashmina, or
imitation pashm. The Maharajah of Kashmir holds astrict monopoly of all the
finest class of wool that goes from the frontier districts of Turfan and Kushar ;
bat many of the shawls sent from Amritsar, Ludiana, and other places, are of
exceptional fineness, and the plain shawls from Amritsar are amonget the finest
how made,

Silke.—The silk weaving of the Punjab is still carried on, but the wider widtha
and finer qualities formerly »roduced have passed away with the Sikh sirdars,
The gulbardan, or striped green and crimson, lilac and scarlet, yellow and crimson
being the finest combinations, and the darya plain silk, of which yellowish-green
and cochineal crimson are the favourite tints, are still in demand, Lustre is
not considered indispensable in the silk fabrics, many of which are intended to

eee
56 The Empire of India.

wash. The bridal dresses, both Hindu and Mahommedan, from Batala,
one of the rustic uses of the local manufacture. The Bahawalpur silks
generally striped, and frequently interwoven with gold thread. The presen
examples, although not lustrous, have good substance, and seem wel! adap
for curtains and the finer class of hangings. JI.H. the Nawab of Bahawal
has sent this exhibit.

' From Multan come specimens of the mixed silk and cottcn fabrics whi
have been before mentioned as only permissible to strict Mussulmans. The
small silk wares, made by the handicraftsmen called patoli, include important
parts of native dress, such as izarband, a netted silk girdle used by both sexes ;
the paranda, a long silk tasseled tail, which is plaited into a maiden’s hair; the
sezbands, or cords and taseels used to secure the coverlet to the charpoy, or bed
frame, and many other kinds of silk ornaments.

Embroicery.—In embroidery, Phulkari, literally flower-work, is the name applied
to the embroidery wrought by peasant women on the ohrni or sheet which forms
the most important part of their dress. Originally only three colours of cotton
cloth were used, Red, from madder, purple from a combination of madder with
indigo and black or blue-black, which is produced by catechu and indigo. Thef
colours of the silk are green, two shades of yellow crimson, white, black, and dark
green, and the cloth used for the purpose was almost invariably the homespun
Khadar, a coarse fabric, the rough texture of which, however, is admirably
suited to give depth and solidity of colour when dyed. The Phulkari stitch is
really a darning stitch, and the best patterns were usually those elementary
combinations of the square and triangle which seem to come naturally when
darning a fabric, the threads of which can be easily counted. In some districts
pieces of thin glass, quicksilvered, are inserted, being held in place by a sort
button-hole stitch.

Of the well-known Delhi embroidery, thirty-seven examples are exhibited
by Messrs. Manna Shan, and display the most notable varieties of modem
work. Besides these, there is the dress of a Delhi dancing-girl and a
bridegroom's dress. The most costly embroidery is worked with silver-gilt,
or silver wire, drawn out into the fineness of thread; but the bulk of gold
embroidery is done with kaldbdtin, or common gold thread—a body of silk
over wound with a thin flattened wire of gold or silver. There are two
principal kinds of gold embroidery—one solid and rich, called kdr-chob, applied
usually to velvet or cloth for occasions of State, elephant trappings, saddle
cloths, masnads and carpets spread out before royal seats. It is so named
because the material, whether velvet or cloth, is in the first instance
stretched smooth and tied on a wooden frame; but the art of embroidery
in this style meeis now with little demand. The second kind of embroidery
called kir-chikan, is done in one operation with a needle charged with gold
thread, the pattern being usually drawn on paper, pricked out with a pin,
and the paper being stretched over the cioth to be embroidered, yellow
colour is put on over the lines of pin-holes, and mark yellow the cloth
beneath. In other cases the pattern is lightly stamped by means of @
wooden block.

Shoes.—The trade in the gold embroidered shoes of Delhi has, there is every

————————_——<——— — ~~

The Empire of India. 57
reason to believe, considerably increased during the last twenty years, at
the beginning of which time the exports were valued at 4 lakhs of rupees.
A series of examples from nine districts of the Punjab displays the ‘shoes
in general use, and is followed by a similer collection of the sandal or chapli,
worn in Northern India, varying in form ; none of the varieties resemble the
classic shape, with a separate stall for the big toe, worn in Bombay. In
parts of the Himalaya and Kashmir, an elaborately-laced sandal encloses a
sock in soft deerskin, and forms one of the most comfortable foot-coverings
known. The Peshawar sandal is generally embroidered with silk, and
specimens of this kind of unusual excellence are shown from Dera Ghazi
Khan. Fro:n Bannu, another frontier district, pretty gold-embroidered
buskins in soft red leather are shown. The resemblance of many of these
to the sandals on the feet of antique statues need scarcely be pointed out.

KASHMIR COURT.

The State of Kashmir extends from the Plain of the Punjab across the
central range of the Himalaya towards Chinese Tartary and Tibet. The
valley of Kashmir forms but a small portion of the whole area, which is
estimated at 801,000 square miles, with about a million and a half inhabitants.
The Maharaja presents annually, by way of tribute to his Suzerain, 1 horse,
12 goats, and 3 pairs of the celebrated Kashmiv shawls.

Screen.—* The screen for the Kashmir and Frontier States’ Court,” writes
Sir Oliver St. John, Resident in Kashmir, “ is copied from the verandah of an
old wooden mosque near Chakoti, on the Kashmir Murree Road, to which the
Jattention of travellers is invited in Ince’s handbook. ‘The date of its erection
was not, as far as I could find, anywhere marked on the building, but tradition
and the character of the carving seem to point to the earlier part of the last
eentury. The pillars, brackets, and architrave beam of the screen are almost
exact copy of the original both in design and proportion. The side bays,
b ft. 3 in. each, are identical, and the front bays differ outy in that the original
hes, each 5 ft. 24 in. span, have become pillars 10 feet apart surmounted by
kets. The railiug at the top is pinjra work, such «s is commonly made and
ed throughout Kashmir at the present day. The material is deodar wood.”
Carving.—Besides the screen, examples are shown of the carved wood-work of
kashmir as applicable to ceilings. These are executed in chil wood (Pin:
zeelsa). ‘The Kashmir papier maché, or painted wood-work is, owing to the number
Mf English officers on furlough, and tourists who visit the country, well known
i English houses. The work goes by the name of kér-i-kalam-déni or pen-case

rk, and is also called kér-i-munakash or painted ware. It is done on articles
either smooth wood or papier-mache by pulping coarse native paper, and
toulding the softened material to the required shape, The article is covered
ith a coating of white paint, on the surface of which a delicate pattern in
Hours, chiefly crimson, green, and blue, is drawn with a fine brush. Flowers
ind the coarser designs seen upon shawls are most commonly produced. A very

tty pattern is also done by painting with gold paint a spreading series of
ute branches and leaves upon a white ground,—a border of brighter coluuring

58 The Empire of India.

is added, and sometimes figures of men and animals are introduced. The surface
is varnished over with a varnish made by boiling the clearest copal in pure
turpéntine. Ten carved and painted plaques illustrate the method of decorating
ceilings with this work.

‘The well-known Kashmir silver-gilt plate is illustrated by a good collection,
including specimens of the latest style. Of this, Sir George Birdwood
remarks that it was almost confined to the production of the water vessels
copied from the clay models in use in the northern parts of the Punjab. He
also notices that the ruddy gold is peculiar to Kashmir, not being found any-

mainly consists of articles designed for Huropean use, and shows specimens of
the modern style. The price of good work is stated to be 374 per cent. added to
the price of the silver. Of the silver plate, the cost of the work is 25 per cent.
additional. This art is said to have been imported by the Mongols, but the
natural superiority of the people of the Kashmir Valley in elaborating designs,
whether in metal-work or enamelling or weaving, has brought the Kashmir
goldsmith’s art to its perfection.

In the brass, copper, and mixed metal, the embossed and pierced brass-work
js described as new, and the Kashmiri workman dislikes doing it from the
hardness of the brass as compared with copper. The engraved and lacque
pbrass-work is entirely different in style and colouring from any Indian wor
The copper work shown is made in immense quantities for sale to visitors
The people themselves never use it untinned, as has been already noticed of the
Mussulman population in the Punjab. The ordinary household metal-work is
not equal to the best Persian, but surpasses that of Afghanistan or Turkestat
Within the last fifteen years gilding and enamelling copper has bee
introduced. An example of the copper enamelled before gilding is shown it
No. 227. The large vase (No. 201) is, writes Sir Oliver St. John, the Residen
in Kashmir, “one of the largest and best pieces of work and design that I have
seen in Kashmir.” Originally, dark and light blue only were used, and the
designs were comparatively simple; but latterly pink, green, yellow, and white
have been added, and the patterns elaborated and multiplied on each piece. 4
number of articles in silver-enamel are also shown. A chair carved in walnu
wood exemplifies the orders occasionally given to native workmen for chai
made after European models in carved walnut, as excellent walnut-wood abount
in Kashmir.

Tectiles.-Of the cotton fabrics the hundred beautiful specimens of the Samb
chintzes have been referred to as decorating the vestibule. These were speciall:
executed according to the designs and directions of Mr. Purdon Clarke. be
chintzes are made at Sambar, a small town at the foot of the hills some 30 mile
south of Jummoo. The demand for them has recently been so great that th
Kashmir Government has practically made a monopoly of them, and the pric
has been raised from 9 or 10 to 14 rupees. |

If the Kashmir chintzes, with exquisite patterns and colours, have advance
in demand and price, the opposite may be said of the once precious Kashmigj,
shawls, ‘This manufacture, it is stated, which formerly brought half a milliog
a@ year iuto Kashmir, is now well-nigh moribund. Unless means are taken by #2

2

The Empire of India. 59

Government to preserve it, the art of weaving the finest shawls will probably be
extinct 15 or 20 years hence. The warehouses of London and Paris are full ©
of shawls which find no purchasers, and the value in Kashmir has consequently
fallen toa third of what it was ten years ago, The shawl (No. 31) now marked
Rs. 300 wovld, in former days, have cost Rs. 800 to Rs. 1000. The specimens Nos.
1 to 4 are from the Maharaja’s tosha-khana or storehouse, and are of the finest
quality, unattainable nowadays. Specimens of shaw! stuff are exhibited, woven
from the unbleached and undyed pashmina, or under-wool of the shawl-goat.
The mode of procuring it is thus described: “At the commencement of
summer the animal is shorn with a knife in the direction of the growth of the
hair, that is, from head to tail. When this is done the wool is combed down in
the reverse direction. This separates almost entirely the upper hair from the
wool underneath. The hair is soft, and is wrought up into coarse fabrics.”
Ono specimen of pashmina exhibited is woven of the true pashm of tho ibex,
which is very rare and most highly valued as making the lightest, warmest, and
strongest cloth.

CENTRAL PROVINCES COURT.

‘ The Central Provinces, of which Nagpur is the headquarters, cover an area
of a little under 85,000 square miles of hills, valleys, and plateaux. There are
15 Native States, with nearly 29,000 square miles, and a total population of
over 1,700,000.

Screens.—The screens, which form three sides of each of the Central Provinces’
Courts, are the handiwork of native carpenters at Nagpur, and are very fair
specimens of the wood-carving which is very characteristic of the Central
Provinces. The art of carving in wood, and to a less degree in stone, is
perhaps the only one in which these Provinces can hold their own against other
Provinces in India. It is no uncommon thing to find, even in small villages,
houses with carved teak fronts of considerable beauty, and in several towns
there are streets with carved wooden frontages displaying very considerable
taste and skill. Carved wood plays an important part in Nagpur architecture,
and the Maratha palaces in the vicinity of the city are distinguished by their
high verandahs of black teak often very elaborately carved.

Jewellery.—Two gold necklets from Sambalpur are described as of rough
ecution, but interesting as the handiwork of one of the districts in India most
remote from road or railway communication. The Sambalpur District is 220 miles
distant from the nearest railway station. The necklets are, so far as is known,
the only jewellery made in these Provinces that has any distinctive charac-
teristic. ‘They are largely worn by Brahmin youths, and considered to possess
virtue of an amulet, recalling once again the stories of the chandan hare
hich were necessary to the life of the wearers.

Teatile Fabrice.—The present condition of the trade is thus illustrated in
@ report sent together with the cotton fabrics exhibited. The weaving
‘W! fine cotton cloth is the most characteristic manufacture of the Nagpur,
ndara and Chanda districts; the cloths of Umrer (in Nagpur) and
uni (in Bhandara) being considered especially good. Tho art of spinning
of great fineness is one for which these districts have long been well

60 The Empire of India.

known. The importation of English yarn, and the competition of the
machine-made yarn of the Nagpur Cotton Mills, are reported to have resulted in a
great decline in the art of hand-spinning. The weaving industry has not suffered
so greatly from this competition, partly because of the intrinsic excellence of
the goods manufactured, and partly because of the prejudice in favour of wearing
them which exists amongst the better class of Marathas. The greater part o
the woven goods turned out consists of turbans and dhotis, which sre distin-
guished by bearing a border of (generally) dark red silk, on the breadth of which
the value of the fabric in great measure depends. These borders are often woven
in intricate patterns of different shades of colour; but the manutacture has
fallen off under the competition of English-made goods; and it is now not
uncommon to attach a locally made silk border to cotton cloths imported from
Bombay. The Deputy-Commissioner of Bhandara writes that the cotton-weaving
industry has declined very considerably during the past ten years. Not only is
the number of articles now turned out much less than formerly, but the value of
the goods is very much lower. Pauni used to be especially. famous for the
finely-woven, broad-bordered and richly-ornamented turbans and dhotis which
it produced. Bhandara, too, used to produce a plentiful supply of turbans and
waist-cloths of considerable value. Quantity and quality have now fallen off at
both places. The opening of railway communication with Bombay has there-
fore had the same ill effect on local weaving as on brass-working, and has
greatly harmed the two principal indigenous handicrafts of the Provinces. I
is fair, however, to add that it is only the production of fine cotton cloth whic
appears to have suffered, and that the weaving of the coarse cotton stulls wo
by the agricultural classes seems to have greatly increased in some places.

Silk.—Tassar silk-weaving is carried on at a number of places in Sambalp
district, of which Barpali is the chief. Cloth of good quality is also made in
town of Bilaspur, at which a colony of Tassar weavers was settled some years ago b
Mr. Chisholm, when Deputy-Commissioner of this district. The material is ve
largely used in Chhattisgarh for dhotis and coats, taking the place which is
occupied by Umrer and Pauni fabrics in Nagpur.

At Burhanpur the most important silk-weaving of the provinces is still
carried on. It is specially noted for its saris, which are commonly woven
silk and cotton mixed. They are made up in a large variety of patterns and
colours, the best uf which are represented by specimens in the present collection.
he gold and silver embroidery manufactured at Burhanpur is said to sho
no signs of declining, notwithstanding that the city itself is by no means i
its formerly prosperous condition, but the gold-wrought cotton tissues an
brocaded silks are still, as will be seen from the examples shown, keepin
up the ancient reputation that they earned when it was the seat of
Mahommedan Government.

ASSAM COURT.

Assam asa Province includes the Upper Brahmaputra Valley, or Assam Pro
which are the districts of Sylhet and Goalpara, part of the original Dava
and Cachar and Hill Districts, which are being gradually settled. The area.

The Empire of India. 61

computed at about 46,000 square miles, and the total population at nearly five
millions. Jt is best represented in the Tea Court.

The Screen—The Assam ornamental screen is composed almost entirely of
bamboo and cane, but a kind of mat locally known as sital patti and some native
silk cloths have been also used in its manufacture. There are really two screens,
one for each side of the Court, These differ from each other only in pattern,
the main idea being exactly the samo in each. This consists of a sentry box at
one end occupying two feet of the length. The remaining sweep of 18 feet is
idivided into two by a bamboo pillar resting in a socket of lacquered wood, which
also forms a seat. The whole length of the screen (20 feet) is covered by a board
20 feet long, 24 feet wide, and 104 feet from the ground. The under-surface of
his board is covered with the best sital-patii matting. ‘The workmanship is so
ine that twenty-three strips of the patti go to one inch. Below the board, and
ut right angles to it along the central line, is a series of six panels, separated
rom each other by bamboo bars and enclosed in bamboo frames. Each half of

» space of eighteen feet contains two small and one large panel. The panels
ll differ in design, and consist of intricate figures worked out by native artists
nd formed in very fine cane. Aiong the two edges of the long beards runs
fringe of hanging cane-work, six inches deep, worked out like the panels, but
n different designs. ‘The board is partially supported by brackets alse of cane-
york. As will be seen from the screen, decorative art in Assam, as applied to
onstruction, cannot be said to exist.
Jewellery.—Several interesting collections of jewellery will claim admiration
f those who examine them. First is the Barpeta jewellery, a peculiarly fine
pecies of gold filigree which is made at Barpeta in the Kamrup district.
Bhe articles are chiefly bracelets and necklaces—the latter being especially
sautiful. The gold is sometimes imported direct from Cualcutta, but is often
btained from Mahommedan coins brought (to save weight) instead of rupees, by
he elephant traders of Rangpur and Purnea. Sccondly, the best-known articles
the Khasi Hills jewellery, are the coral and gold necklaces, largely worn by
he more wealthy of the Khasi women. These necklaces consist of alternate
8(about the size of small marbles) of coral and gold, held together by a
ead passing through a hole in the centre ofeach. The coral is real and comes
from Calcutta. The gold beads are shells of gold filled up with lac. The
ue of a necklace varies from Rs. 50 to 200, and a good specimen would,
herefore, have been too expensive to be included amongst the exhibits. The
allop-shell ear-ring and gold collaret are peculiar to these hills.
Thirdly, the Manipur jewellery is made in the Hill State of that name, gold
hd silver articles being largely manufactured for the native trade at Manipur.
he gold used is always pure, but a large number of the articles consist half of
ld and half of silver. Last, come the Jorhat ear-rings enamelled on gold.
he colours are blue, green, and white, and the effect is strikingly beautiful.
he ornaments produced are lockets, ear-rings, bracelets, and necklaces. The
@ is not extensive, and is only confined to natives. The ornaments are often
ya With precious stones.
Brass, , dc—~Amongst the brass, copper, and mixed metal wares, there
Naga brats bracelets, and vessels generally made all over the province.

62 The Empire of India.

ee
The material used is either brass, or bell-metal composed of brass and copper,
which is melted and cast in moulds. Brass vessels are made from sheet brass,
which is cut and beaten into the required shape. This manufacture is almost
confined to Morios, a Mahommedan caste found all over Assam, The peculiar
weapons of tho several tribes from the Bhutias, Nagas and Kukis do not seem
to include any blades such as are forged by the Khamptis, and are of exceptional
toughness and keenness.

The former native Court end prosperity of Assam, which was destroyed by
the Burmese invaders, is represented by a few carvers in ‘ivory who still romain
at Jorhat, being descendants of those who worked for the Assam kings; but
the handicraft appears to be dying out, as there is next to no demand for the
articles produced. These are mainly spoons and forks, combs, and sometimes
chessmen. ‘The favourite patterns represent a crane in the act of preening, and
a crocodile with a fish in its mouth.

Included in wood-carving are several models, such as a tiger-trap from
Nowgong; a dug-out, which represents the ordinury vehicle of communication
in the province during the rains from May to October; and a palanquin.;
Lakhimpur sends a model of an Assamese homestead, the exact representation of
the appearance of things on the premises of an ordinary Assamese cultivator.
A single family usually occupies one of these homesteads, which is separated
from the next by a few fields. Two families never occupy the same premise
unless closely related by blood. The ingenuity of the Manipuris, who are the
Japanese of this part of India, is shown in nineteen models of Manipur wood
work.

Textile Fabrics. —The textile fabrics are represented by groups. (1.) Goal
para cloths. Fabrics made of cotton are common all over the province, an
their manufacture is as widely distributed as their use. English yarn is said
to be rapidly taking the place of homespun thread, except when coarse and
particularly durable cloths are required; but the former is largely used f
domestic purposes, and the spinning-wheel and the loom are to be found in
almost every Assamese household. (2.) Naga cloths. Dhotis or waist-cloths.
These are generally unornamented, but occasionally coloured patterns are wovel
into the end. Ohaddars or sheets.—These are almost invariably quite plai
except when made of tho finer kinds of cotton yarn. In this case they ar
sometimes as fine as muslins, and are only prepared by women of respectabilit
for private use. These carefully-woven fabrics are generally decorated witl
elaborately-worked pe‘%orns of flowers, fruits and birds in coloured thre
sometimes of silk, and sometimes of cotton. (38.) Kuki and Cachari cloths, th
different articles of which are curious; and (4.) Manipur cloths.

Silk.—Silk fabrics are excessively numerous, and vary greatly in materis
workmanship, quality, and colour. From Goalpara and Sibsagar several specimet
are sent of the silk manufacture, which is that of eri and muga silk, obtaine
from two species of worms, tho first of which feeds upon the castoy-oil plan
while the muga feeds on a forest tree called the sum. No means have yet bee
discovered of reeling the eri silk, and the thread is always made from it b
spinning. Asa naturel consequence the thread is uneven and coarse, and
cloth very rough but durabl.. The commonest cloth of this material is call

The Empire of India, 68

borkapar, a large heavy sheet about 21 feet by 5, universally worn by men of
the peasant class during the cold weather. The eri cloth is commonly worn by
the peasantry, and the muga cloth by the upper classes, and it is a noticeable
fact that women of respectability rarely engage in the manufacture of eri cloth.

Basket Work.—The Assam Valley basket-work is very varied, and a know-
ledge of the art is universal. The Sylhet sital-patti mats are the finest specimens
of this manufacture, The work is exceedingly tedious and expensive, The
material is a kind of reed, called in Bengali murta. The coarser kinds of mats
are universally used for sitting and sleeping on, especially during the hot
weather. The word sital means cool,

BURMA COURT.

British Burma, before the recent annexation, contained a population of
3,736,771, occupying 87,220 square miles, and comprising the sea coast pro-
vinces of Arakan, Tenasserim, and Tavvy, and Pegu, the lower valley of the
Irawadi. The distinction of British Burma exists no longer, but the Burma
Court cannot show exhibits from the former kingdom.

The screen of the Burma Court is made of carved teak with kalaga (or cloth
hanging) panels. ‘The upper part resembles the carving placed round the eaves
and gables of Burmese monasteries, palaces, and shrines. The small flame-like
pinnacles perhaps point back to a former fire-worship era, The frame-work
just below is an example of the ordinary wood-carving of the country, and the
kalagas (or appliqué work) which are placed as panels, are part of the hangings
used as screens, roofings, or backgrounds at open-air festivals or in-door feasts.
The pillars are ornamented in red and gold in a manner common in shrines and
monasteries. The workmanship is purposely that met with on objects com-
monly made in Burma.

The screens of the Burmese Court strike the spectator, not necessarily by
the excellence of the carving, for that is elsewhere rivalled, but by the distinc-
tive character of the complicated design, with the feeling that he has passed
from India proper into a country where the religion, the manners and customs,
and consequently the arts of the people, differ from any already examined, and
this feeling will be confirmed as the exhibits which fill the Court of the pro-
sperous province of British Burma are examined. The words British Burma
are for the present used adviselly, for although the distinction between
it and Upper Burma exists no longer, and although the prevalent character of
Rurinese art-work is the same from Mandalay to Bhamo as from Rangoon to
Mandalay, yet still all the exhibits belong to the Lower Burma or to the sea-
side provinces mentioned above.

The only architectural carving exemplified is in wood, and the ordinary
carver is a proficient at either foliage or figure work. In addition to this the
Rangoon models of men, women, and carts, are examples of the work of the
best carvers, but the most characteristic work, both of foliage and figures, is to
found at Buddhist monasteries, where the sacred seven-roofed spire, supported
onvermilion and gold-plated pillars, rises sbove a placid figure of Gautama:

a of eaves and gable is adorned with a many-pinnacled piece of carving

) at the corners over the head of a guardian angel,

Care

64 , The Empire of India.

A curious and intricate effect is ohtained by Burmese workmen for da handles
and table ornaments, The outside of the specimen is carved with foliage and
flowers through the interstices of which the inside is hollowed out nearly to the
centre, where a figure is carved in situ. The figure looks as if it’ had been
carved separately and inserted into a flowery bower; but closer examination
shows that this is not the case, and the men may at any time be seen carving
the figure through the opening of the tracery.

A fine collection of gold and silver ware from Rangoon, and also from the
Shan States, exemplifies the well-known and highly-esteemed silver-work of
Burma. Whether it is hammered, embossed, chased, carved, or cut into upon
tracery, it is all made in exactly the same way. It can be applied to any shape,
and Huropean patterns are often covered with the Burmese work ; but the native
demand is entirely for articles of simple shape, such as large round bowls
without cover or legs, betel-boxes, small oval lime-boxes, and such like.

The examples of jewellery are chiefly of filigree, with which are associated
small pieces of solid gold, either beaten out into the petals of a leaf, or cut like a
diamond to form the flashing centre’ of a rosette or a sparkling pendant. In this
case the burnished gold retains its proper colour, but in all others it is dyed red
with tamarind juice, a barbaric custom to which the Burmese tenaciously cling.
The reason given is that no other metal but gold will assume this particular
ruddy colour when treated with tamarind juice ; it may in fact be regarded as
the Hall mark of Burmese jewellery. The goldsmiths show great skill and,
what is rarer amongst the Burmese, great patience and industry in making their
filigree work. For they have first to draw the wire from solid gold, and they
then laboriously construct the delicate pieces of which the work is finally formed.
The dalizan is perhaps the prettiest of all, and in silver it is sought after by
Europeans. It is composed of a collar about half-an-inch high, from which
hang rows of peacocks, rosettes, crescents, &c., linked together and gradually
narrowing towards the lower edge. Ornaments for ‘to hair'g.ce of two kinds:
those made of sprays of leaves and those made by a. hing conventional orna-
ments to a curved bar by spiral springs. In both kinds a peacock or pheasant |
is introduced in the centre. Coloured pieces of glass and sometimes precious |
stones are set in the leaves, and the whole piece vibrates with every movement
of the head. Chains and round necklaces are formed by plaiting flat pieces of
gold in various ways, and soldering on to the faces small knobs and grains.
This kind of work is perhaps the best in design and finish of any mada by
Burmese goldsmiths. Specimens of silver niello are also shown. Mbitiy of the
silversmiths are proficient i in this art. The articles made are cups, ‘lime-boxes,
plates, knife-handles, and are all quite smooth with a ~olish. The black enamel
used is made of two parts of lead, one part silver, ai'?.-ve ptt copper, and
sulphur is added while the materials are melting. ibne

The only important manufactures in brass are th? Sastings of images of
Gautama, bel!s and gongs, which are in perpetual reque: "for religious purposes,
and to provide which for a Buddhist Monastery or page!a is a work of me
which goes to the spiritual credit of the offerer.

The lacquered ware used in British Burma is of tio Kinds—(i.) Trt
which the article is made of baskét-work ladquerdd o'ver : ria) That in‘which

The Empire of India. 65
the article is made of wood. With regard to shape alone, a distinction might
be drawn between things used in ordinary life and those which are dedicated
to the service of the monastery. All the lacquerware made on a basket-work
form comes from Upper Burma, where it is a very important trade. In
British Burma the trade is confined to the production of wooden articles lac-
quered over, such as the large round platter with a raised edge, in which the
family dinner is served round, and square boxes and bowls. Another set of
artists produce richly gilt boxes used in the monasterics for holding palm-
leaf manuscripts, the bowls with a pagoda-shaped cover used for carrying food
to monasteries and pagodas and shrines on which to place images of Gaudama.
Tne coffers referred to appear as if covered with pictures drawn in black on
» gold ground, and the effect is so good that a small demand for tables, panels,
and bowls of the same work has sprung up.
Textiles. —Throughout Burma weaving is carried on, though not so much in
the large towns as in the country. The cloths woven are chiefly cotton for home
fuse, and putsos, cloths worn by men, which are from fifteen to eight yards long,
und varying in width from three-quarters of a yard to 34 feet ; or tameins, worn
by women, a sheet of two portions sewn together, about 44 feet long and about
bt feet broad. Besides these, thindaings or coverlets and saungs or thick sheets
pre woven. ‘The following description of the Burmese dress of both sexes 74
aken from the valuable work of the late Mr. Forbes: “The patterns are either
plain variegated stripes, checks, and plaids, or in the most fashionable and expen-
sive a series of zig-zag lines of varying breadth and colours, with sometimes a
eaf-like pattern between. These last, from the intricacy of the pattern and the
number of the shuttles employed for the different coloured threads, require great
skill and a large amount of labour. In some of the best cloths cne hundred
shuttles are used, and cloths are distinguished on this account as fifty-shuttle,
pighty-shuttle, hundred-shuttle putsoes. ‘The prices of cloths of the best manu-
acture, as above described, run up to 200 rupees (£20), oreven more. The piece
8 fashioned for wear by cutting the length of the web in half, and then stitching
he lengths together, so as to form a double width. One end is closed so as to
ake a kind of wallet. The putso now nine yards long and one and a half wide,
s girt round the waist in an ingenious manner without any belt, by a twist and
hitch of the cloth. It thus forms a kilt with a long spare end in front; this
{ Sometimes tucked in at the waist, and allowed to hang low in front in heavy
lds, but the most graceful way of wearing it is to throw it loosely over
he shoulder, A white cotton jacket (of English longcloth) reaching the waist,
‘fed a handkerchief (of Manchester manufacture) wound round the head, com-
lete the costume,
“The tamein, or female.“ tess, is difficult to describe. It consists of three piecos
‘fpined ; the upper, of Ey ey ah red or black cotton stuff; the body of the dress,
Preo-quarters of a yarden sp and « yard-and-a-half wide, and a lower border
bout, half-a-yard deep. , Lheso parts sewn together, form an oblong cloth a
itd-and-a-half wide, aiid about two yards long. This is simply wrapped
fend the body, and secu ‘ely fastened by a hitch in the edge of the cloth in
le mysterious manne, over the bosom below the armpits, and again at the
et; the fold remaining loose downwards, dispiays in walking, rather ‘more
F

66 The Empire of India.

le el ED LT RON i SE aparece
of the lady’s leg on one side than would be considered quite proper with us.
It would perhaps simplify the explanation if the reader took a bath-towel six
feet, long and four-and-a-half feet in width, and. endeavoured to put it on'asa
garment, covering the body from the armpits. to the feet.” whe

The same dresses are also manufactured in silks; which are all of verya
brilliant, not to say gaudy patterns and colours ; but in British Burma the: silk
articles of clothing are chiefly of European manufacture, being cheaper, though
far less durable than the home manufacture. ‘The gold and silver embroideries
shown, are only used in Lower Burma to supply costumes for the theatre
Gold and silver lace are freely used, as are precious stones, and the result is an
exceedingly costly garment. A very effective decorative work in silk is shown
in the kalaga, or hanging, from Rangoon. The kalagas most ordinarily in use
are made in cloth, and are red hangings or purdahs. They are about ten o1
twelve feet long, and four or five feet deep, on which are pourtrayed scenes from
one of the mythological plays. The work is technically known as applique
work, and is formed by cutting the figures and foliage of the picture out of
vari-coloured cloths and sewing them on to the background. The result in
Burma is a gorgeously-coloured screen, which is used to decorate the house on
festive occasions or to partition off a part of it for a guest. The kalaga also
forms a gay roof-covering for the bullock-cart when the family travels to one of

the large pagoda feasts.
MADRAS COURT.

Next to Burma comes the Madras Court, representing the territories of tha
Presidency, which occupies the entire south of the Peninsula, together with %
long strip running northwards on the Coromandel Cowst. It has an area o
139,900 square miles, with a population of 30,688,504. ‘The important princi
palities of Travancore and Cochin, with three smaller states, are in connectioy
with Madras, and our ancient and faithful allies of Travancore and Cochin :
well represented. The city of Madras, the third greatest in India, is entirely 0
English origin, and dates from the building of the factory in 1639.

‘The carved screens for the Madras’Court are in a style of the Dravidia
architecture of Southern India of the Vijayneger period, i.e. about the 15th 0
16th century. Avoiding as far as possible the grotesque eccentricities of th
style, it is attempted to show that South Indian carvers are capable of mu
good work. The columns are fluted and ribbed and crossed at intervals wi
bands of ‘elaborate ornament. The upper portion is cut’ in representation -of
chatty, ‘or earthen: vessel, from which the capital springs in the shape of'
lotus, Above this two richly-carved brackets assist in supporting the lor
beam on which the upper portior or entablature of the screen rests. ‘The Hind
architects use an elaborate system 01 brackets in place of the arch corstructid

of Saracenic and European builders. The long beam is divided into ‘paneis fili¢
with various designs of foliage, birds, gryphons, and other monsters of Hine
mythology. What might be called the frieze of the entablature is divided im
panels by carved upright struts. The panels themselves are each divided inl
three: niches, the design being adapted from the metal shrines in which #
‘Hindus place the images of their gods. The centre of each of these is ii

The Empire of India. 67

f lif d in the
i jie foliage, generally in representation of the tree of lifo, an in.
eens die culthoa re cobra with distended hood is coiled up. The
variety of the patternson the screen and the treatment of animal forms will
give @ good idea of the facility for ornamental design possessed by most oriental
handicraftsmen. The screen is constructed of Burma teak by a Madras car-
penter, Ramalingam Asari. The general design was prepared by the Superin-
tendent of the Madras School of Arts and executed under his direction by about
twenty Madras carvers, tho smaller details being designed by Minakshi Asari, a
carver from Ramnad, in the Madura District, The difficulty of getting a
sufficient number of carvers in Madras city, and the short time allowed for the
work prevented the design being carried out in its entirety.

The most interesting of the exhibits sent from the Madras Presidency are
described by Colonel Hawkes, the President. of the Madras Committee, as “old

exhibits being classed under this head, two of which are a candlestick and a
loia in solid silver, made in the Madras School of Art. Besides these, a spoon of
solid silver, and two chased silver muffineers (!) are specified, but the collections
of old jewellery—which, as we are told, it is being daily melted up and forged

nopoly, are all represented. The old. native jewellery from’ Madura contains

Snecessarily referred to the special catalogue for the enumeration of almost
p00 articles, including gold ornaments to be worn in the ear,’ the nose, on the
chumpaka flowers,
he gold marriage emblem (a representation of the foot of Krishna), and gold
‘ads, the gold rings as worn by Mussulman females on the thumb and on the

charms, and fifty-
» necklets of silver

silver finger-rings,
ilver toe-rings, which form this wonderful display of archaic jewellery.

To the ethnologist, ihe special collection of jewellery worn by the aboriginal
odas, Badagas and Kotahs of the Nilgiri Hills, which includes gold, silver,
ass, silver ornaments

lection also of the jewellery peculiar to his country. Amongst these may be
lentioned; the gold filigrain necklace, with threo clasps of six rows of chain

the upper portion, and seven on the lower, worn by all castes, and the gold
Na iage necklace of three medallions strung on red silk, | Another consists of

F 2

a
6
ra
Pee

68 The Empire of India.

eceihipneieneenanemtasseysantr eet RCSA nee er nee entritrannoctiicentsinnitibi
fifty-one medallions of green stone mounted on gold, with 153 rubies strung on
red silk, while the medallions composing the ornament represent the avatars of
Vishnu. The Maharaja also sends the show of silver jewellery of native make
intended for European wear. This contains beautifully wrought examples of
the well known filigrain silver, and the brooches of various patterns, such as
the vine, the Indian lute, the flower and leaf, the butterfly and palanquin, and
the bracelets of flowers or butterflies.

The special collection from South Canara contains the gold and silver orna-
ments worn by Mapala women, and the waist belts for little children. Under
the heading ornaments, in the baser metals, are included several collections of
peasant jewellery worn in the different districts of Vizagapatam, Chingleput,
Malabar, Tanjore, Kistna, &c.

The Maharaja of Vizagapatam sends a gilded state howdah, with set of
elephant trappings for state and ceremonious occasions, as well as a silver howdah
used for ordinary purposes.

The jewellers of Travancore are noted as producing silver filigrained work
of the best description, and H.H. the Maharaja of Travancore supplies a special
collection of over one hundred articles, both in gold and silver work.

The brass and copper work of Tanjore, which is described as the finest in
India, is represented by an admirable collection. Most of the articles are
sacrificial utensils, besides which there is a numerous group of copper models,
not only of sacred objects, but of daggers, battle-axes, ploughs, &c. In mixed
metals, water vessels of brass ornamented with silver and copper flowers, or 0
copper inlaid with silver, are exhibited by the Madras School of Art.

H.H. the Maharaja of Vizianagram exhibits a numerots assortment of arms
including a number of sacrificial knives used in human sacrifice. Two cirel
of iron, for throwing in warfare, represent a very ancient form of weapon, th
use of which is mentioned in the great Indian epic poems.

Besides the screen there is a window in carved teak, the work of a pupil i
the School of Art, and a native doorway of carved neem wood. The garde
set ornamented with carved wooden figures of Hindu gods taken from a ve
old idol car, is destined to remain in the South Kensington Museum.
carved blocks in sandal wood, representing mythological subjects, are speciall
commended to attention by the President of the Committee. Inlaid san
wood work and lacquered ware of Karnul, Nossam, and Cuddapah are of th
usual character.

The well-known ivory carving of Travancore is also illustrated by a lon
series of small articles, such as paper cutters, paper weights, &o. Models 0
H.H. the Maharaja's state barge and canoe with cabin, and « variety of ca.
cocoanut shells are also shown.

The glazed and unglazed pottery is altogether the work of the School of
The forms and green colour of the old Madura pottery are carefully followed.

Among the specimens of cotton fabrics, which are not designated as a
by their place of manufacture, are very fine pieces of beautiful arni mu
which rank with the manufactures of Dacca, Nagpur, and Nellore. The Raja
Pithapur, in the Godaveri district, sends a special collection of hand-prin
palampurs, canopy-cloths and curtains. A series of these, representing

OLE Se man oe ;
| The Empire of India. 69

from the Ramayavam, and from the Mahabharata, though not attractive to
European eyes, are remarkable as examples of hand-printing. Tho native
hand-printed wares are set off by “five so-called palampurs from Manchester,
imported for sale in Madras and Bengal. The great deterioration of the
pattern will be manifest.”

Of the silks the Committee remark that the silk cloths would seem to bo
peculiarly suitable for the present style of ladies’ dresses, and as the material
used is pure and unadulterated, the colours well blended, and the borders
handsome, it is to be hoped the Exhibition will give a very desirable impetus to
the Indian silk manufacture. Accordingly, pieces of silk, checkered, striped,
and plain, all good examples of quality and colouring, are collected for the
delectation, and, it is to be hoped, the admiration of the softer sex. Hixcept
‘the Berhampur silks, however, these exhibits, like the cottons, have no refer-
ence as to their special place of manufacture.

H.E. Mrs. Grant-Duff gives a striking proof of the interest taken by her
in the manufactures of the Presidency by the beautiful exhibition of embroi-
deries and laces which she contributes. Other embroideries and laces are
exhibited by the Hobart School of Mohammedan girls.

HYDERABAD COURT.

The last Court is divided between Hyderabad, or the dominions of the
Nizam, and Mysore and Coorg, two adjacent states, situated in the heart of the
Dekhan. Tho Nizam is the chief Mohammedan native ruler, and a descendant
of the Mighal Nizam-ul-Mulkh (Regulator of the Empire). This prince pos-
sesses a territory comprising 81,807 square miles, and a population of nearly
ten millions.

The screen consists of a series of arches, the posts being 10 ft. apart from
centre to centre. Except in the centre piece or gateway, the height of the
screen [is 10} ft., and that of the arches, 8 ft. from the ground; these, to
facilitate description, may be numbered 1 to 7. Nos. 1 and 7 are intended to
show the brass-work of the province.

The second and sixth arches are of Bidri ware, i.e. blackened pewter inlaid
with gold, silver, or copper. The third and fitth arches—those on either side
of the central piece—are entirely of lacquer work.

The central portion of the screen, or, as it may well be termed, the central
gateway, is a Tazzia, such as is commonly constructed during the Mohorran
festival, to represent the Mausoleum of Hassain and Hussain.

In the combined Court preference may naturally be given to the portion
devoted to the manufactures from the dominions of the Nizam, and the great
Mchammudan city of Hyderabad with its population of 200,000 souls. Accord-
ing to the Gazetteer of India, the principal manufactures are the ornamental
metal ware of Bidar, the gold-embroidered cloths of Aurangabad, Gulbarga, and
other towns, and the excellent paper of different kinds made by the inhabitants
of the hamlet of Kagarpur, near the famous fortress of Doulatabad.

_The jewellery and silver ware are all of Aurangabad manufacture, with
ilver filigree boxes which resemble the Dehli silver work. ‘I'he only one of the

76) The Empire of India.

art manufactures in metal is the bidri ware, which is here shown from its
original birthplace of Bidar. Close on a hundred articles are exhibited
exemplifying the important industry which commands an extensive demand.
No dowry is considered complete among the better class of Molham-
medans unless a complete set of bidri ware, from bed-legs to a spittoon, is
included. The high prices often render it necessary for the father of a family
to begin his collection years before his daughter is marriageable. The mode of
manufacture has been elsewhere described. The mixture used at Bidar is
variously stated by authorities at one part of copper to sixteen of zine, or one
part of copper to fourteen of zinc. The patterns of Bidar are generally of a
natural floral description. Both gold and silver are inlaid, and copper also is
sometimes used in this work at Bidar.

Admirers of armour will find ample scope to indulge their taste in the col-
lection of ancient armour purchased in the city of Hyderabad, which is noted
for old arms, and the modern blades made from the steel in the Hyderabad
territory rival the finest Damascus.

The lacquer ware shown in the ornamental screen is also illustrated ise a
large assortment of boxes, fans, sandals, é&c,

The beautiful lacquer work of Baingaupali, a jagir in the Raichur district, is
used in ornamenting every article of domestic use. , Like the inlaid metal work
of Bidar, articles forming part of the wedding dowry are lacquered. The work
is of two kinds or classes, one embossed and the other plain, and called
respectively munabatht and lajawardi. The embossing is produced by a tedious
process. Shells or slag from the forge are finely ground with some glutinons
substance, which is kept a secret, and layer upon layer of this ingredient put on
with a brush till the requisite heiyht is attained. The whole is then covered
with gold-leaf, the designs are picked out in paint, and the article varnished.

Textiles.—The cotton fabrics include Kaki coloured muslins, plain and striped,
from Raichur. These are a luxury in the hot weather, and are used by both sexes
among the natives, the men using the cloth for their angrakas or loose jackets,
and the women for wraps. The muslins of Raichur closely resemble those of
Nandair, and are about one-fourth the price; but good judges profess to see a
great difference.

Thirty-nine pieces are also shown of the finest muslins manufactured in thé
Hyderabad state. These are salmon-coloured. They are, like the others, all
woven in hand-looms. Beside these are examples of the Raichur counterpanes,
and the stamped cloth from Indore, commonly used as coverlets and curtains.
The-Gulbarga Jail exhibits examples of prayer carpets, and a selection of cotton
carpets of the noted Warangal make. The aniline dyes can be remarked as
having superseded the true cid Indian dyes in this manufacture.

~The gold and silver cloth’ and lace of Aurangabad and the gorgeous
embroideries applied to the canopies of costly state umbrellas of dignity, the
elephants’ cloths and state horses’ caparisons generally, are somewhat sparsely
represented.’ The Gulbarga embroidery is inferior in work ‘to: that of Auran
gabad. The work in the exhibits is, however, well done, but the metal used
copper gilt. ‘The pure silk saris of Raichur, and the mashru or mixed. satin
fot Mohammedan use, and the flowered silks of Aurangabad, are the chief

The Empire of India. 71
fabrics shown, and of these it is needless to say more than that they are the
products of long-established seats of the production of the finest silk wares, and
are well worthy of their reputation. Seven pieces of embroideries in gold and
beetle wings complete the collection.

Raichur .is famous for its leather industry, principally applied to the
manufacture of the slippers and shoes. The leather employed is sometimes
dyed, but not unfrequently, as in examples shown, gilt or silvered. The
slippers embroidered with gilt and copper are very commonly used, especially
by dancing girls.

MYSORE AND COORG COURT.

Mysore and Coorg are conterminous Hill States, the latter under the direct
administration of the Governor-General, and the former a Native State ruled
over by a descendant of the Hindu chieftain from whom Hyder Ali usurped it.
Mysore has an area of over 25,000 square miles, and a population of over 4,000,000.
Coorg is a small mountainous district of about 1600 square miles, south of
Mysore, inhabited by a fine race of highlanders numbering about 180,000.

The screen for the Mysore and Coorg Court encloses a space of about 70 ft.
in length by 12 ft. in width. The front elevation is divided into seven bays of
10 ft. each, the Mysore Court of five bays being separated from the Coorg Court
of two bays by a partition. The designs for the pillars and arches are copied
from the Daria Daulat Bagh (the Garden Palace, built by Tippoo Sultan at
Seringapatam, and long occupied by the Duke of Wellington, then Colonel
Wellesley), reduced to half the original dimensions. The pillars, panels, &c,,
are made of different kinds of Mysore timber, the carving being executed by
local carpenters. .The plain panels above the arches of the front elevation and
at the sides and top of the three partition screens are filled in with phowg tee
of Mysore sconery, &c., and native mythological paintings.

Taken in the order of the Special Catalogue, first noticeable, is a group of
Hindu deities carved in soap-stone. Sacred sculpture in this material and
dating some hundreds of years back, is found in a perfect state of preservation all
over the State. The figures are from two feet high down to miniature repre-
sentations. ‘This collection indicates the motif of almost all the well known
Mysore work. ._The Canara carving already described, and the Sorab and other
Mysore work are identical]. in every respect, executed in high relief, and illus-
trating the Puranas or legendary histories of the Hindu deities. The conven-
tional and deformed figures of Brahma, Siva and Vishnu Krishna, and their
consorts and attendant guardians to the earth are contrasted with the foliated
borders.

‘The lacquer ware of Chenaputten consists.of wooden toys turned and —,
lanjured, Chessmer. and chess boards are also made of the same ware.

The Mysore inlaid ebony furniture, of which sixteen samples are exhibited,
has risen in importance since the Calcutta Exhibition, and at present the demand
exceeds the supply.

The work of the Mysore goldsmiths in either of the precious metals is well
known for the deligacy and ingenuity displayed in chasing, engraving - and’

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ReMi E GE Re mare man ie ml

1 The Empire of India

ornamenting the patterns. The exquisite gold dishes presented to H.R.H. the
Prince Wales will be remembered by all who have availed themselves of the
opportunities so freely afforded of inspecting His Royal Highness’s| Indian
collections. The maker (Venkatrammana) of these exquisite works, exhibits
silver castings and silver chased work in swami figures and salvers. Engraved
and repoussé plate is also shown from Bangalore,

The brass and copper utensils, and the brass and copper idols of the Tumkur
districts are widely noted, and the other known seats of this industry, such as
Nagamangala and Magadi are represented by articles intended for religious or for
ordinary use. The best workmen of the staple work in metals are Jains. The
ordinary work is described as rough, without finish or accuracy, the circles and
the lines inaccurate, and the marks of the file and the burnisher everywhere
visible. The brass and copper wares for sacrificial purposes are necessarily
confined to the ancient patterns, no innovation being permissible. There is a
good collection representing the ordinary gold and silver ornaments set with
gems, which are imitated in base metal and glass.

Teatiles.— Among these the Ganjam chintzes have been specially reproduced
from old printing blocks of the time of Hyder Ali, reproducing the patterns
which were worn by the peons of Hyder Ali and Tippoo Sahib. The woollen
Kambli, marked 732, is sent as a specimen of the choice Davangiri manufacture,
of which the excellence is proved by a piece measuring two yards by six yards,
being rolled up and placed in the hollow of a small bamboo, one foot and a half
long, and two and a half inches in diameter.

Throughout Mysore silk manufacture has always flourished. The rich
texture and costly patterns of the silks of Bangalore are well known, and
Tumkur also produces fine material. The disease amongst the silkworms has
however caused a considerable decline in the manufacture. One example is
shown of the Bangalore woollen carpeting woven with the same pattern on
both sides, and noted for durability. Bangalore woollen pile rugs are also
exhibited, with the note that the trade in these for export has failen o¥ since
the weavers adopted aniline dyes.

I.—THE IMPERIAL COURT.

Ir has already been explained in the prefatory remarks, p. 11, that the
useful products of India which are collected in the Imperial or Hconomi¢
Court, which we will now examine, are arranged on a different plan from
that of the Art Courts. The raw products and rough manufactures which
have been collected together to illustrate the resources of India, have been
- grouped together in successive divisions, which are described with scien‘ ifiy
exactitude in the special catalogue. For those who wish to enquire more par}
ticularly into any special group of products, it is only needful io explain
that each exhibit is numbered, and a reference to the Index Collection arranged
on the walls of the Court, so as to appear exactly opposite to. the correspond:
ing commercial collections, will facilitate the study of the larger samples dis-
played: on the tables. and trophies or in the glass cases, The whole of thi
Court may be described as a survey of the economic resogrces, the productiv

The Empire of India. 73

powers, and the commerce of India, The magnitude of the foreign trade. of
India enables it to rank as the fifth great commercial power in the world
The total value of the external sea-borne trade of India may be said roughly
to be 155 millions of pounds sterling, of which 70 millions represent exports
and 85. millions imports. Of this the commerce between India and the United
Kingdom claims, 86 millions sterling, of which 86 millions represent exports
and 50 millions imports, To form a complete estimate of the foreign commerce
of India, we must add to this the land trade across the frontiers, which
amounts to about 12 millions sterling. The staples’ of this commerce are
illustrated in this Court, The visitors will do well to try and realise the fact
that the collection of the fruits of the earth, the implements and the results
of human labour, and the illustrations of the rural life which present them-
selves one after the other, represents a population of 252 millions, and an area
of cultivated land of over 189 millions of acres.

Lhe Forest Trophy.—The massive archway which forms the entrance to the
Coart is constructed entirely of Indian timbers, and designed by Mr, F. B.
Manson, Deputy Conservator of Forests, Chutia Nagpur, Bengal. The middle
portion is 22 ft. broad, and rises to a height of 14 ft.; the side parts are
124 ft. high. The total breadth of the trophy is 46 ft., and it is 5 ft. in thick-
ness, It contains 3000 specimens of useful timbers.

The timber specimens used in its construction belong mostly to the Bengal
Economic Museum, and have been lent by the Government of Bengal. The
trophy includes also the greater part of Mr. J. 8. Gamble’s collection described
n his “Manual of Indian Timbers.” The specimens so described are marked

he entire framework. The pilasters are supported by large slabs of timber,
pevelled to show the grain of the wood. ‘or the construction of the orna-
nental arches some of the principal Indian timbers procurable in Calcutta,
iz, teak, sil, sissu, and pine have been used. The geometrical tracery of the
inels. forming the plinth on either side of the middle arch is of teak
nd sissu; whilst that of the pilasters on each side of the smaller arches is of
Immediately close to the arch are articles of furniture carved from the
ood of the Padouk or Andaman redwood tree. The table constructed of one
<maplete section shows the enormous size which this dark red, close-grained
ind shard wood attains.

ophy, which consists of an arch over the central transverse path leading from
Fe Art Ware Courts, ax contains one of the most perfect collections of bamboos
ver exhibited. Thisamiliar name of the gigantic grasses has, like so many

ey OP ere ne eee at ct

4 The Empire of India.

eaten ubaetaimnngeniaaiatencineseeetanaeemnsmanseeeisinatansasinidiainiticiatntaietitn
other terms, come to us through the Portuguese pioneers of European trade and
settlement in India, The trophy consists of a platform raised 12 ft. above the
floor on four columns. The steps on either side are covered with split bainboo
arranged in geometric patterns which are continued on the floor of the plat-
form, The forty steps of the two staircases exhibit forty different designs and
ten species of bamboo, In all, thirty species of bamboo are exhibited in the
trophy, for full explanation of which the curious are referred to the index set
onthe adjacent walls. The number of objects made of bamboo which are
hung over the trophy far from exhausts the uses and applications of this, as it
may be called, most versatile gift of nature to the Indian and Indo-Chineso
peoples.

Fruite and Vegetables.—A collection, partly of models made at the Botanic
Gardens of Saharanpore, under the supervision of Mr. J. F. Duthie, and by th
Krishnagur modellers employed by the Government of India, and partly o
actual fruits, such as will bear the transport and keep good in the glass cases, is
supplemented by a large collection of preserved fruits, jams, and pickles. ‘With
regard to the fruits, it will be a surprise to many to hear that the fruits of the
East are, it is believed, much overrated in Hurope. Many of the best of Indian
fruits have been introduced from Europe, China, the West Indies, and America,
‘he most characteristic modern fruits of India are the mango, guava, litchi,
pine-apple, and plantain. Of these the mango is far the most popular fruit in
India, . Colonel Yule in his Glossary says that the royal’ fruit, the mangifera
indica, when of good quality is one of the richest and best fruits of the world
The origin of the word is Tamil médn-kay, i.e. mén fruit. The Portuguese formed
from this manga which we have adopted as mango. Numerous varieties of jams,
pickles, and chutneys, prepared from this celebrated fruit are to be found
amongst the exhibits.

Nuts.—Together with the fruits are samples of nuts, a term which in India
includes ground nuts and seeds the edible pine. The true almonds, which are a
sacred offering common to the Hindoo and the Jain, as well as a regulary
ingredient. in cookery, especially in a savoury pillao, are imported by th
traders of Afghanistan and Persia. The Afghan traders also supply the haze
nut; the walnut, and the pistachio nut, from Afghanistan and Kashmir.

The Singara nut (647), which is grown on an aquatic weed, forms in 80
parts of the country an important article of food. It is stated that in Kashmi
30,000 persons are dependent upon this wild plant for food during. cortai
months.

Cocoa Nut.—Near the bamboo trophy is a most interesting collection
objects made from the common cocoanut palm (properly called coco and vulgar!
coker), ‘exhibited by Mr. Pereira, of Bombay. Highty-three articlos are enum
ated. ‘The origin of the name.of this well-known and useful palm, which to:
early travellers and medisval writers was known as the Indian nut, is suggest
tobe the old ‘Spanish ¢oca,'a ‘shell, although the Portuguese and Spaniards 89;
thatit was called ‘cova because it looks like the face of a monkey or some oth

» Vegetables.—The vegetables met with in India are readily divided into
sections of: indigenous and introduced. Of ‘the: latter it may be said t

The Empire of India. 5

Kuropean fruits and vegetables, though often growing luxuriantly, rarely attain
he same flavour as their European congeners. Of these, however, the cabbage,
he cauliflower, and radish, alone are eaten by the natives of (India, but not until
hey are over-grown and coarse. From America the potato and the egg-apple,
or brinjal, have been invroduced. As to the indigenous vegetables, India may be
iewed as the region of the cucumber and the melon, with a large sories of allied
planis; all of which yield valuable fruits and vegetables, and furnish a great
proportion of the food of the people. It is almost impossible to arrive at any
ofinite idea as to the extent of ihe internal trade in vegetables, Nothing is
more characteristic of the Indian village than its bazaar or market-place, and it
vould be difficult to find a bazaar where the egg-apple, the melon, the cucumber,
he pumpkin, and the-radish, were not offered for sale alongside of rice plantains
pnd chillies. The foreign trade in vegetables has increased in the last five years
trom about £20,460 to £21,963; the bulk of these exports go from Bombay,
Nearly the whole of the pot-herbs are wild plants which require no cultivation,
ind ‘they illustrate one of the most striking features of India, for in few
pountries in the world are so many edible products to be procured for the
rouble of collecting, edible products too which enter largely into the dietary of
he mass of the people.

Pulses.—By themselves under the head of “ Pulses” will be found the various
eguminous seeds which under the name of ddl and gram; the lentils (which
furnish the vaunted and really beneficial food for invalids known as revalenta),
mud others occupy an area of cultivation of forty-eight millions of acres, ‘The
ain merchant’s shop, in which the varieties of this collection are shown,
eproduces one of the most curious and interesting features of an’ Indian bazaar.

Grains.—One of the most important collections is that of the grains, which
may be popularly described as ‘rice, wheat, barley, oats, Indian corn, and the

Wwarious forms of millet. Of these, rice is the most valuable of all the cereals to
ple inhabitants of India. It is the principal food in Bengal, Burma, Orissa and
he eastern portion of Central India, the southern parts of Madras, and the
western districts of Bombay. In the Punjab, the North West Provinces,
pnd Oudh, Behar, and the northern parts of the Central Provinces, and Gujerat,
Bie poorer classes live chiefly on millets, supplemented by barley and gram;
while the rich only use wheat and rice. In the southern part of the Central
ovinces, Berar’ to Bombay, Deccan and the northern part of Madras, the juar

id bajra are the staple foods, and in Mysore the small millet known as ragey

bt ragt, furnishes the principal provision. In Assam rice is the staple with the
idition of Indian Corn and Job’s Tears. The estimate of the total area of
pnd annually under cereals is 119,400,000 acres, of which nearly sixty millions
te devoted to rice. As there are many forms, so there are several crops of
his’ essential grain which is, in truth, the staff of life to at least one-third of
Pe Indian population. For the foreign trade, which, however, may be said ‘to
ive been almost ruined within the past few years, the chief supply comes from
wie abundant harvests of that most prosperous province British Burma, while
fPengal supplies a small proportion. © Where rice cannot be cultivated the
tillets invariably take its place as the staple food crop of the mass of’ the
Pople, Even in wheat-producing districts this is true: Dr. Hunter ‘is: of

76 The Empire of India.

opinion that, taking India as a whole, it may be affirmed that the staple food
grain is neither rice, nor wheat, but millet. Excluding the special rice tracts,
varieties of millet are grown more extensively from Madras in the south, at
least es far as Rajputana in the north.

Wheat.—The development of the export trade in wheat within the las
fifteen years is one of the most remarkable facts recorded in the Reports of th
material progress of India. Of the two divisions the soft wheats are in mos
demand for the United Kingdom, while the hard forms which are preferred b
the natives of India are in great request in the Italian market for the manu
facture of macaroni. The total area under wheat cultivation in the year 1884
85 has been calculated at 20,306,464 acres, the Punjab taking the lead with it
eight millions of acres, while Bengal had only one million.

Grain Trophy.—All these grains are combined in the structure of th
Grain ‘frophy, the idea of which is taken from the famous tomb of Itmdd-uf
Dowlah at Agra, the beautiful marble geometric mosaics having been imitated
by glass panels of coloured grains. On the outside elevations there are large
panels, iwo of which are devoted to rice, two to wheat, two to Indian corn
one to barley and oats, and one to millets and Job’s tears, a curious grain whicll
is cultivated in Assam and among the Eastern frontier hill-tribes. Sixtee
smaller panels are filled with the pulses, and the remainder with other edibk
grains and oil seeds. The interior is filled with grains in ear, and Indian com
coba. In the four corners of the room are shown commercial samples of the
grains, and in the centre a group of three women modelled in clay “ grinding af
the mill.” Near it are cases containing special displays of wheat exhibite
by the Bombay Commercial Committee, and collections of rice from Bengs
and Burma.

Sugars.—The raw and refined sugars exhibited by Messrs Turner, Morris, &
Co., of Calcutta, and Messrs. Carew & Co., are examples of a cultivation anda trad
which are more important at present for Indian internal commerce than for the
prospects of increased exportation. The 1,922,000 acres of sugar-cane cultiva
tion may be said to yield two million tons of coarse sugar. Besides sugar-canc™
sugar is obtained from the date palm, or toddy palm, of Bengal, and the palmyral
or toddy palm, of South India, Bombay, and Burma; but the exports, in whic
the sugar-cane produce cannot be discriminated from other produce, onl
amounted to one million cwts., as against the two million tons just mentioned
Improvements in the present defective method of expressing the juice, an
gradual removal of the prejudice against refined sugars amongst the natives
India, who chiefly consume gir or raw sugar, will doubtless give a large stimulw
to the internal trade. A model prepared at Poona in order to show the method ¢
crushing the sugar-cane in the Bombay. Presidency, is exhibited in the Ag
cultural annexe. The primitive pestle mill is still the machine most general
used over the greater part of India for the extraction of cane juice. Th
method of working it is shown in the model village.

Narcotics and Stimulants,—Of the Indian narcotics and stimulants, the firg
place is naturally taken by the product of the poppy, commonly called Opium
from its Greek term dmv (opion), from which as a Government monopoly, ti
Government of India draws an average revenue of nine millions arising fr

The Empire of India. 77

‘provision ” opium, i.e. opium sent to China, while the immense internal consump-
tion of “excise” opium, i.e. opium consumed in India, gives a return of about
£800,000 more. The cultivation of opium is highly remunerative to the culti-
vator, who obtains an advance in two instalments, and has a certain market, but
for all this, opium production is not popular, and efforts to extend poppy cultiva-
tion have been resisted keenly. The mod) of preparation, and the various stages
of the opium are completely illustrated in the collection, as well as by the
Jmodels. Another Narcotic, almost peculiar to India, is Indian hemp, which in
one or other of its forms, is either smoked as ganja and charas, or consumed as
hasheesh liquor, or eaten in the form of majun, a special sweetmeat, the last two
forms being preparations of bhang, the young leaves and twi gs of the semi-wild
plant gathered in the North West Provinces, where ganja is not allowed to be
cultivated.

Tho distillation of spirits is under the Excise department, the revenue
derived by Government from excise being on an average four millions,
and the departmental collection of spirits and drugs, together with the
appliances and instruments used in smuggling, well repays examination.
The universal Indian still is illustrated by a model, one-quarter the
actual. size. Attention is called to the exhibits of beer produced by
the hill breweries, the more important of which are in Madras and the
Punjab, and whose ale and beer are of an excellent quality, as may be seen by
the fact that the import of foreign beers in 1884-85 was 194,531 gallons less
than in the previous year. Another novelty is the exhibit by his Highness the
Maharaja of Kashmir of the wines and spirits prepared in his kingdom. The
whiie wine obtained at Calcutta International Exhibition, a gold medal for its
purity and superior quality.

Drugs.—There are over thirteon hundred plants reputed by the natives of
India to possess remedial properties; and as in all popular herbals which exist
unwritten as having been handed down from unknown antiquity by tradition,
a great number even of the most highly-esteemed are valueless. The Sub-
Court devoted to drugs and medicines contains examples of over one hundred
indigenous drugs, which have almost all attained a European reputation, and
hich most thoroughly deserve to be more extensively used. From Nepeul a

series of aconites, accompanied with botanical Specimens of the plants
tom which the roots were obtained, has been sent by Dr. Gimletie. The
onkshood or wolvesbane, which grows on the Himalayan heights, from an

ring within reach of the population of India what up to that time had been
too costly a remedy. ‘This was primarily due to the travels and labours of Mr.
Clements Markham, ©.B., devoted to the examination of the cinchonas of Peru

78 : The Empire of India.

in thoir native forests, and their importation to and ultimate establishment in
India in 1860. The product of the Government plantations at Darjiling an
on the Nilgiris amounted together in 1884-85 to 457,218 lbs., most of: whic
was manufactured into febrifuges. Ixtensive private plantations also exist in
Southern India, and the exports in 1884-85, were valued at nearly £100,000. |

Fibres.—We now come to the vegetable tibres of India. The more importan
of these, such as. cotton, jute, rhea, and cther commercial fibres and. paper
materials, are exhibited in separate sub-cour:s, and require separate notice. Bu
besides theso. there is an extensive series of fibres which are regularly used
by the natives of India, though the large majority are unknown to the textile
manufacturers of Enrope. The Indian flora contains over 300 fibre-yieldin
plants, one-third of which afford strong and useful fibres. Some of these wil
be found illustrated in the ‘Ropo Trophy,’ near which are excellent samples of
stair-carpets and door-mats made of the well-known coir or cocoa-nut fibre.

Cotton.—The samples of cotton prepared by the Commercial Exhibition Com-
mittee of Bengal represent, the most valuable article of Indian export trade. In
India there are 14 million acres annually under cotton, without including Bengal
and Assam, of which no returns are pubiished, and the exports for the yeat
1884-85 amounted to 5,066,057 cwt., representing a value of £13,286,367. It is
noteworthy that to the English manufacturer Indian cotton is, comparatively]
speaking, of secondary importance. Of the exports above quoted not quite one
half was consigned to Fngland, and nearly half the amount of this was re
exported to the Continent. The largest market for Indian cotton is found in
Italy. Cotton manufactures will be found in a special collection prepared by
the Chamber of Commerce of the Cottonopolis of India, the great city of
Bombay, the mills of which, both in magnitude and completensss, rival any.of
our most famous English cotton factories. In 1882-83 out of 62 cottons mills in
all India, as many as 46 were in the Bombay Presidency, Of these 29 were in
the island of Bombay, the rest almost without exception being in Gujerat,
The total capital thus employed in the Bombay Presidency was estimated atfh
£900,000, and the total amount of raw cotton worked up in the year was
estimated at 1,232,000 cwts. as compared with 4,742,624 cwt. exported from
Bombay in the same time. The latest returns showed an advance in the value
of exports of manufactured cottons of nearly one million pounds, those of the
raw material having declined in equal proportion. The total Indian foreign
trade in cotton was valued at over 41. millions. In addition to the cotton
exhibits from Bombay, special collections will be found from Bengal, the North
West Provinces, and Assam.

Jute.—If Bombay be the Cottonopolis of India, as the Presidency of Bombay
contains the best cotton lands, the cultivation and manufacture of jute is
Bengal industry, and Calcutta is the emporium of tho great foreign jute trade
The first commercial mention cf the word “jute” isin the customs returns 0
the exports for 1828, In that year 264 cwt., valued at £62, of raw jute wer
exported to Europe. The manufacture of gunny-bags and cloth was. the
entirely in the hands. of Indian peasants, but the trade must have been limi
since there does not appear to have been any foreign exports in these ju
manufactures, Jute mills were, however, early established in Dundee, and

The Empire of India. 79
large export trade in raw jute sprang into existence. Down to. the year 1854
little or no effort was made to improve the Indian jute manufactures, but in
that year the “Ishera Yarn Mills Co.” was established at Serampore, Three
years later the company, now known as the “ Baranagore Jute Mills,” was
established, and in 1863-64 the ‘“ Gowripore Jute Factory” was founded.
Factories sprang up rapidly in every direction round Calcutta. There are now
twenty-three large jute mills at work in India, and in 1884-85 the exports of
raw jute amounted to £4,661,368, and the exports of manufactured jute to
£1,548,869, showing the startling fuct that the value of the foreign trade in
jute in 1828 was only £62 storling, and 1885-6 it was £6,241,568.

Rhea.—One of the first and most important of the commercial fibres, not so
much in its present as in its probable future utility, is rhea. The prize offered by
the Government of India for the most perfectly successful machine for separating
this fibre was, it is true, not awarded, no single machine being deemed able to
‘comply at the time with all the requirements ; but strenuous endeavours have
within recent years beon made to overcome the difficulties of dealing with rhea
grass, and the difficulty of the separation of the fibre has been overcome. The
high price of the fibre itself, together with its exceptional strength and
durability, unfit it for many purposes. The Glenrock Company, Limited, of the
jWynaad, Madras, exhibit an interesting collection of their fibres, showing not

only rhea but also two or three of the allied rhea fibres, including the so-called
wild rhea of South India. The wild rhea of Assam, and various Nilgiri nattles,
ind, in addition, pine-apple fibre and Manilla hemp, together with a large
assortment of aloe fibre, are also on view.

Paper.—The art of paper-making in India dates from the time of the great
emperor Akbar, and was first practised in Kashmir. Rapidly it spread all over
India, displacing the birch bark used by the hill-tribes, and the palm Jeaves

vhich served the people of the plains as the vehicle on which they incised with
a stylus their accounts and written records, and of which examples are shown
n the Education exhibits. It is probable that the inhabitants of the Eastern
SHimalaya, long previously to that era, derived the art of paper-making. as
practised in Nepal from China. Tke Nepal papers, of which extensive
pollections are exhibited, are prepared from the bark of two sorts of daphne,
and from the fibre. of a plant which grows along the Himalaya, and has
recently been found plentifully on the mountains of Manipur, extending to the
morthern frontier of Burma. The paper manufacture of India, like the paper
rade of England, is still seeking for a new material. The paper trophy, as well
us the special show case contributed by the Bengal Exhibition Commiitee, shows
he paper materials; the half stuffs, the manufactured papers from all parts of
India. The Bally Paper Mills of Caleutta, and the Upper Indian Paper Miils
of Lucknow, are the chief contributors; but besides, a large collection of jail
fend native-made papers frum all parts of India is exhibited.

Oil Seeds.—In his Review of the Seaborne Foreign Trade for 1884-85, Mr. O’Conor
says of oil seeds: “ This trade has developed in recent years into one of the first
mportance, exceeding greatly the tradein wheat, rice, jute, both raw and manu-
actured combined, and indigo or tea, and being exceeded only by cotton or

pium.” In 1879-80 the quantity and value were respectively 709,469 owt.

80 The Empire of India.

1 3: NS SR RAIA A OAS AAPG. ENC. CSSA Ms ADMIN REDO RS Re PRR UT YE
and £4,685,892.. In 1884-85 the corresponding returns were 1,825,688 cwt. and
£10,745,203, the increase in five years being about 78} per cent. in quantitys
and 694 per cent. in value. Linseed, rape seed, til, or gingelly seed, extracted
from the seed of the sesame plant, poppy seed, earth nuts, and castor seed are
the principal articles of exportation. They have here been mentioned in orde
of their respective aggregate values thus:—Linseed, £4,192,934; Rapeseed,
£2,683,590 ; Sesame or Gingelly, £1,923,002; Poppy, £409,159; Harth Nuts,
£361,406; Castor, £2,103,379.

The export trade of linseed, which the above figures show to represent more
than half the commerce in seeds, is divided between the ports of Calcutta and
Bombay, which now ships nearly five million out of the total of 8,746,596 ewt,,
while Calcutta, which, in the year 1880 possessed. four-fifths of the total trade,
now returus the lesser moiety. The bulk of the exports, viz., 4,721,138 cwt.E
go to the United Kingdom, France receiving only 1,650,659, and the United
States 1,231,437 cwt. The term “ rapeseed” includes also the Indian mustard,
for the true mustard is scarcely met with in India. Of these there wer
collectively exported 459,281 cwt., valued at nearly three millions. The tradi
name of the sesame seed, which comes next in importance, is another instancif
of commercial nomenclature derived from the first Portuguese traders, In
Colonel Yule’s “ Glossary” it is traced step by step from the Arabic al-jaljulan,
corrupted by the Spaniards into aljonjoli, and so gradually transformed into
jinjali or gingeli. It is used in India for culinary purposes, for anointing, ani}
also in soup furniture, and as a lamp oil. It sh>.es with the grounif
nuts the reputation of being employed by European importers to furnish
a sham olive oil. Of the latter the cultivation may be described as 4
modern industry, the trade in oil as a substitute for olive oil having
within the past thirty or forty years developed in an almost unprecedented
manner. The value of the exports of ground nuts from India rose between
1879 and 1885 from nearly £17,000 to something over £360,00C; and

_the exports from the French ports in India were but little short of the
same amount, the total value being thus just over half a million sterling
The bulk of this seed is shipped for the continent, principally to France and
Italy. France is said to import from all countries 33 million francs’ worth off
the ground nuts, of which India only supplies 24 millions, but it is believe
that the oil expressed from these nuts, as well as that from gingeli seed, finds iti
way into the markets of Europe as olive oil.

Oils.—Of the exports of prepared oils nearly three-fourths are castor oil, thi
annual export of which is about 3 million gallons, valued at about £300,000, theff
cocoa-nut oil being the only other of any importance. Of this over a millior
and a-half gallons, valued at £162,000, were shipped to Great Britain and to
France in 1884-85.

With the oils are associated the perfumes, headed by the delicate and
fragrant otto of roses, the uér or perfume par excellence, the chief seat of manu4.
facture of which is at Ghazipur on the Ganges, but which is also largely mad@
in the North West Provinces and the Punjab. Among other essential oils used
in perfumery are found the oil of the carraway seed, a colourless or yellowislg,
oil obtained from the flower buds or flower stalks of the clove plant, the jasmin

The Empive of India, 81

he mace, the aniseed, and the patchouli; while the cananga odorata yields tho
perfume ylang-ylang, and the sunflower seed oil is said to be an ingredient in
he “ incomparable macassar” oi),
Extracts and Inspissated Saps.—Among" the extracts and inspissated’ saps
Sub-court XXXIV.) first comes tho catechu or cutch of commerce. This
esinous extract, which is prepared by boiling down a decoction from chips
of the wood of the acacia catechu, figures variously as a condiment, or spive,
br as a medicine. It is used as an astringent in medicine, and also in
lyeing and tanning. The valuo of the catechu exported from India: has
materially decreased in the last five years from £426,641 in 1880-81 to £282,078;
fhe bulk of these exports consisted of Burma or Pegu cutch. The cutch or kath of
he North-West Provinces is principally prepared in Kumaon, instead of being
boiled down to a solid consistence, and then cast into large masses, as is thw case
in Burma and Bombay, twigs are placed in the concen: rated decoction, and the
ath is allowed to crystallize. The substance thus ob‘sined is formed into‘cubes
f about one half-inch in size. Vhis is a much purer article, and, though not
ported, is largely consumed in India as an accompaniment of ‘pdn.: ‘Thé
rdinary cutch of commerce is a deep reddish-brown With a glassy fracture. In
ndia a solution of catechu by the addition of lime or alum, is used asa dull
ol dye, largely eraployed by the calico-printers to produce metallic shades. In
he general catalogue will be found a long list) of trees and shrubs yielding
amphor, caoutchouc and gutta-percha, foremost among which is the true irdia«
ubber tree, ficus elastica, which grows freely in the North-Eastern Himalayas,
eastward of Assam and Aracan. Although the Government has established’ 4
ge plantation in Assam, the only source of supply hitherto is the trade with
6 hill-tribes, who prepare the substance and carry it into the valley of Assam
pr sale. An important Indian extract is the medicinal assafetida. The Jerual
Hliacea supplies the assafootida, which is most used by the natives of India, and
h which Bombay does a large trade. The thick fleshy roots of the assatvtida
elding plants are cut or scraped, when a milky juice exudes. This hardening
rms the assafoetida scented gum resin, which is known to us as an intolerable
useful medicine, but in: Hastern countries has been from time immemorial
ployed as‘a flavouring spice,
Indigo not only received its name from Europeans, but, as Mr. O’Conor says:
he manufacture of indigo is, of all forms of enterprise now known in I ndia,
at which was first’ taken up by Europeans, who still’ retain the monopoly
§ the manufacture of this article, at any rate so far as concerns the
tter kinds exported to foreign markets, European marks of indigo are
fetantees of quality, and the exports from India have hitherto consisted
most exclusively of such marks, though lately there has been some extension
cultivation’ in the North-West Provinces ‘under native supervision, the
pduce of the plantation being supplied to Europe. Practically, however, as
t the whole quantity produced from year to year in European faciories ig
ipped from’ India, the inferior qualities of native manufacture being retained
consumption in the country.” ‘There are 197 factories working in Bengal,
¥°3 in the North-West Provinces and Oudh, and 1,254 in the Madras
Peidency, of which the larger ‘number are under European management;

qa

82 The Empire of India.
The mode of manufacture is shown in the model. of an indigo factory which i
exhibited in’ the Commercial annete. The material dealt with is exemplified
by the collection of green leaf indigo shown under the auspices of the Benga
Exhibition and Commercial Committee, while Madras furnishes dry leaf indigo

Lac.—The curious. and valuable Indian product) kuown as Jae, of which 4
large collection of samples, both from Calcutta, and gathered from all parts of
India by the various departments, is on view, is'the resinous incrustation formed
on the twigs of certain trees through the action of the lac insect.. In India lac i

sealing-wax. Dissolved into spirits it forms spirit varnish, It ‘is, made in
cexnent, into liihographers’ ink, and is used to stiffen hats and other articl@
constructed of felt. The exports of manufactured lac during the last recordeg
year amounted: to £599,145,. The exports of Jac-dye, which in 1880. wen,
£13,020, have almost disappeared, the cause of this being the discovery at
rapid extension of the use of the aniline dyes, which has been destructive nig
only. to the tinctorial but also to the textile industries of India... These che
colours have not only depraved the taste of the people, but have demoralis:
their indigenous industries. The soft delicacy and harmony of colour whid
formerly characterised Indian fabrics have given place to the brilliant tintss
the aniline colours, while the reputation for durability formerly enjoyed ig
Indian dye-stuits has been destroyed: Throughout the Courts where ti
manufactures arc exhibited, at every. step the eye will meet with proofs of thi
Not only ;have the textile industries been thus irreparably injured, but most
the indigenous tinctovial industries have been completely ruined.

MINERALS AND ORES.

..; The Geologicai Survey of India, under tie direction of Mr. Henry B. Me
cott, has contributed an invaluable collection of the minerals and ores of Ind
Many of these are already well known, but the maps furnished, along. with) 4
collection will doubtless be uch appreciated. A distinct feature of the collectis
and one new and full of interest, will be found to be, the sectional, geographigl,
map of India, 40 feet long. A special series of maps is devoted to the coal fielff
of India, which will surprise many by their immense extent and wide distri
tion. At present there are 80 coal mines worked in India, of which,78 are#
Bengal, one in the Central Provinces, and one in Assam, The total output &
1883 was 1,315,776 tons, and the number of people employed 23,172. |

} AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND MODELS.
_..The collection of agricultural implementsidisplayed in the annewe adjoining |

Economic, Court, illustrated as itis by. various models, will interest those ¥

have. even in a superficial way, as time and inclination may have led th

The Erpire of India, 83

surveyed the successive specimeng of the products of India. Dr. Hunter. points
out that the cultivation of tlie soil forms the oecupation of the Indian, people in
a sense which it; is difficult to realise in England. Census returns show
thatthe total of persons dixectly. supported. by cultivation is more than two-
B thirds of the whole agricultural males. The Famine Commissioners further
Restimated that 90 per cent. of the rural population live more or less by the
tillage of the soil. It would con-itutée in itself'an industrial exhibition to
illustrate the infinite variety of agriculture in the different provinces, But
everywhere the same patient industry prevails, The Indian agriculturists, so
far as their strict adhesion to the traditional practice and system handed down
to them from generations will permit them, ure intelligent, ingenious and care-
} ful farmers. | Superficial observers will: tell. us that the natives of India are not
diligent, but so far as the vast majority, who may be described as field-workers,
Bare concerned, no English farm nor even allotment could surpass their lands in
careful cleanliness, freedom from weeds, and utilisation of everything that their
hereditary science or their own patient industry could suggest to get. the. best
return that the ground and the season will admit of. Of the models illustrative
of the agricultural life of India, one represents an Indian village in Northern
India, and was executed by natives of Lucknow.
There are two admirable models of Bengal homesteads, the first being. that
of a well-to-do Hindu cultivator, and, the other of a Mohammedan farmer, each
holding about eight or ten acres. Other. models successively illustrate various
arm operations in Bengal, ploughing and sowing, rolling and levelling, hoeing
mud weeding, and the various methods of irrigating, reaping, threshing and
PYinnowing are all faithfully represented, but for full descriptions of them we
oust refer to the special catalogue. Of the agricultural implements and
machines which are represented one-third of the actual size, but in other
espects are faithful copies of those in actual use, the chief characteristics to be
pbserved, are the very small extent to which they are adapted to save hand-
abour, the preponderance of wood in’ their construction, and the variations in
orm’ of the same implement. Of ploughs, it may be generally said that. the
ndian implement has no resemblance whatever to any English plough, though
is not unlike the plough used in countries south of Europe. The horse-hoe is
he only English implement. to which it can be compared, In no indigenous
ough is the share formed to inyert the soil, which is really scraped or torn
sthe plough passes through it. For deep ploughing, it is necessary that the
ound be ploughed. over half-a-dozen times, where twice, with a suitable
nplement, would produce the seme. result, With the exception of some heavy
arieties; specially used in Southern and Central India, the furrow made by an
rdinary plough is seldom more than three inches in depth. Efforts have been
jade to introduce a better design’ and ‘more. effective implements, especially
y the introduction of an improved plough, called Kaisar, at the Government
perimental fatin at Cawnpore. This ploughs deeper than the native plough
id completely inverts the’ soil; but it has been. found necessary to devise a
plex plough to serve the double purpose of inverting the soil and sowing
‘the native implemént, but the native cultivators have hitherto patronised
mi only to a limited extent, Among the various agricultural implements,
G2

84 The Empire of India.

ie I A
a most’ curious one is the rice sledge (No. 27). The platform is so u-ade that
all the parts give easily. On it the seedlings are laid in neat bundles, and it
id drawn by bullocks over the embankments and through the ruts and water:
waste of the rice fields, where no carts could go, and yet without dropping one
bundle of seedlings.

ETHNOLOGICAL SUB-COURTS.

The Ethnological exhibits successively disposed throughout the Economic
Court represent in life-like models, appropriately costumed and armed, men
and women of.the wilder tribes which are found throughout the various
countries of India in the hills and forests, and who are the descendants of the
races who inhabited the country before the A an immigration, and for want of
a better term may be called the indigenous races. It is impossible to do mote
than to give a list of the Courts in order. Thus commencing from the timbet
arch, first come the natives of the Andaman and Nicobar islands. Next are found
thé Karens of Burma. The Singphos, Mishmis, Nagas, and other hill tribes of
Assain follow in due order, and are succeeded by Kols and Santals, and other
races from different territories in the Bengal Presidency. Bombay and Madras
oceupy the two next Sub-Courts, while the Central Provinces, Central India,
and Rajputana are grouped together containing representatives, amongst othen
of the Gonds amongst whom the practice of human sacrifice prevailed until put
down by the Government of India, and the Bhils. Mysore, Coorg, and Hyder
abad succeed, and the last in order, come the North-Western Provinces and Oudh
and the Punjab. Full accounts of each of the races of tribes represented have
been furnished by Dr. Watt in the Special Catalogue. Besides the figures the
ordinary domestic and other utensils and arms of each are shown on the adjacen

sides of the Courts.

THE THA, COFFEE, AND TOBACCO COURT.

The Court devoted to the tea, coffee, and tobacco of India, is filled with t
largest assortment of samples that has ever been collected together. The exhibi
are displayed in glass vessels, arranged according to the districts; and the visi
can practically sample the beverages, and purchase packets for home testing.

Up to the year 1823, China was believed to be the exclusive home of the
plant, and to possess an indisputable monopoly of the tea trade: In that-y
the tea-plant was discovered to be indigenous in Assam, and the first attempt
introduce tea cultivation into India commenced about 1830. The Government
India employed Mr. Fortune to collect varieties of the Chinese plants and
unpod seeds, and labourers skilled in the cultivation, Assam! being selected:
tho first locality for the new enterprise. The first twelve chests of tea

Assam were received in’ England in 1838. From Assam the cultivation of
extended into Cachar’and Sylhet, and by degrees into the Hill districts,
North: Western Provinces and the Punjab: Téa plantations were subsequen
established, and are now flourishing in the Nilgiri Hills. . The importance
the tea trade is seen from: the following statement :—The tea gardens in I
‘are estimated to occupy an area of 266,286 acres, of which Assam: and Ca

The Empire of India. 85
possess over 188,000, while nearly 60,000. are in. Bengal. ‘The North-West
T’rovinces and the Punjab are equal with about 8000 each, and Madras has 5552
acres. The quantity of Indian tea exported has increased from 25} million
pounds in 1875 to 60 millions in 1884, representing a value of over 4 millions
of pounds sterling, ;

The coffee plantations of Southern India have not been prosperous of late
years. The destructive leaf disease has diminished the yield, while the prices
obtainable have fallen. The value of the total exports in 1884-85 was about
£1,250,000.

The cultivation of cocoa or cacao has only within recent years been. intro-
duced like cinchona from South America, but there are now thriving plantations
in the Madras Presidency, and the trade is an increasing one.

Great attention has been paid, both by private growers and on experimental
farms under the Government of Bengal, to the growth and cultivation of the
tobacco plant in India, and its subsequent manufacture. The exports of leaf
and manufactured tobacco during the year 1884-85 were valued at £150,000,

THE KUCH BEHAR TROPHY.

At the head of the North Grand Avenue there is a striking scenic illustration
of jungle life and tiger hunting, arranged by Mr. Rowland Ward, F.Z.8,. In
“The Jungle” are specimens and groups of great game; in this division may be
noted, wounded boar finding refuge; cheetahs and axis; gaur, buffalo, bears
and young, ovis ammon, ibex, goral, nilgai, markhor, Bara singha, hog deer,
blackbuck, an Albino blackbuck, sambur, leopards, &c., and many_ birds.
Among the reptiles are alligators, pythons, and other snakes, lizards, &v.

The Hunting Trophy immediately adjacent, is mainly due to the generous
assistance of H.H. the Maharaja Kuch Behar. The scene represents a hunting
elephant preceding the beaters, which has come upon a group of tigers, one of
which he has stricken, while another has sprung upon him with deadly grip,
Others are near, or retreating in the tall grass and bamboo copse. Among other
animals of Kuch Behar are leopard, buffalo, varions deer, bear, wild cat, boar,
porcupine, monkey, &c, Vultures, pea fowl, jungle fowl, green pigeon, and
other birds.

ADMINISTRATIVE COURT.

The Administrative Court, devoted to’ exhibits prepared by the various
departments of the Government of India, occupies the galleries leading from the
ight or north side ot the building above the steps leading to the Central
Gourts. ‘The Imperial Secretarial Departments are:—J. Tho Department of
Revenue and Agriculture, which is represented in minor departments,' viz,
Survey of. India, Meteorology, Geological Survey, Agriculture, Land Revenue;
Internal Trade and Emigration. II. The Department of Finance and Com:
merce includes General Finance, Salt, Customs and Port Dues, Excise, Opium,
the Mint, Stamps, the Post Office, External Trade and Government Printing,
III. Under the Home Department are the sections Education, Law and Justice,
Police Sanitary and Medical, Archeological Survey Forests Statistios, Jails,

86 The Empire of India.
IV.'The Public Works Depariment'répresents Railways, Roads, Irrigution, Publig
Buildings and Telegraphs. V. Tho Legislative Department has only to do with
Acts and Regulations. VI. Thé Foreign’ Department regulates Native Status
anid Imperial Orders and’ Devorations. VII. The’ Military and Marine Depart;
ment is subdivided into Army Head-Quarters, Military and Marine.

OF these, Meteorology and Geological Survey are represented in the Hoonomic
Court avnexe, where also will be ‘found exhibits illustrative of Salt, Excise,
Opium, Forests and Irrigation. 2 ae if oldagianly

The Survey of India Department contributes illustrations of thé various
processes by which the ‘results’ of the surveying operations are’ transferred to
maps, and the maps themselves, in which are made accessible to every one the
exact knowledge collected ‘by the labours f science, and the observations of
dauntless’and patient explorers.’ The Revenue Settlement Maps and charts
showing the internal trade and the emigration are’ both worthy’ of ‘study,
Everyone will be interested to learn of the large and constant emigration of
Indian Jabourers to the tea-gardens of Assam, the Island of Mauritius, and to

the distant labour fields of the West Indies and Demerara, and even to our
young but vigorous colony of Fiji., Some, return after their contract of servicofl:
expires, with their savings. Others remain as settlers.

' In the divisions of the Department of Finance and Commerce, besides the
printed reports, there are exhibited specimens of the coinage of India, and the
processes of the Mints. Patterns of all stamps used which make up a revenues}
of over threé million pounds, are shown’ by Messrs. De la Rue. The Post Office
shows from the different Presidencies models illustrating the peculiar means of
carriago which are needed-in ‘distributing the 184 millions of letters, cards, &c.,
delivered throughout India in one year, models of mail runners and riders, &.
Specimens of buffalo horns sounded to scare away wild beasts in Assam, or bows
and arrows carried for defence in Rajputana, carts, coaches, boats and rafts are
ranged according to the particular provinces. Our printers and bookbinders can
compare the tools and -work of their Indian fellow-craftsmen. 1

Tie Home Department sends a most curious and complete ‘illustration of’ the
means and appliances employed in: the 111,237 schools with their '2,790,061
pupils inspected in 1882-3, The indigenous schools of the Punjab, an
all schools not inspected are of course omitted. The model of an -indigenou
school in Bombay is well worthy of examination.

The model showr. by'the Public Works Department, illustrating the Indian
railway carriages, the public buildings, and the great works constructed for
irrigation, on which the lives of millions constantly depend, can only be pointed
out as claiming much more than'a passing glance. douse, to. tn

(he Military and |Marine Department, in addition to' the portrait models
which staud round the vestibule, contribates not only descriptions but ‘variousp.
models illustrating the internal economy of the army, ‘and ‘the soldier life‘and
work in barracks, The medical ambulantés, the war matérial, elephant: khed-
dahe for catching the wild elephants; which become'the most: useful’ and docile
servants, and other instructive exhibits,'will be! found illustrated in the'some-
what confined space available. (i ohh a

|The Forest Department has charge of the immense tracts of forest, the due

Sire

The Empire of India. 87
conservation of which is needful not merely for the supply of timber, but for
he guarding against the necessary rainfall being, as has happened in ‘so ' many
istricts, lessened even to drought, by the denudation arising from indiscriminate
estruction of timber. The practical exhibits are to be seen throughout the
foonomic Court.

though these in the country of cyclones are of the highest importance), but alsa
0 watch, and, if possible, forecast the failure, whole or partial of the rains, and
9 to warn the Government officers to prepare to cope with the danger of drought
d distress and death among the agricultural millions of India.

SILK COURT,

A special collection illustrating not only the silk manufactures, but also the
xact, state of sericulture in India, is arranged in cases lining the half of thd
urved passage around the Durbar Hall. Under the joint auspices of the
overnment of India and the Royal Commission, Mr. Wardle, who is ‘well known

having done more than anyone'else'to promote improvements in the growth
f raw silk as well as the manufacture of ‘silks in India, has been charged with
naking the collection... Not only is the finer product of the mulberry silkworm
xhibited, but also that of what is known as the tussar as well as the muga’ and
ria worms, noticed in the view of the Assam Court. Important: improvements
mn the method of reeling the raw silk from the cocoons have recently been made,
nd appear to promise a more hopeful future for the Indian silks, rt

THE INDIAN PALACE.

Previous Exhibitions have served to illustrate some of the multitudinous Arts
nd products of our Indian Empire, but it has been left for this occasion ‘to
ring before us the technical processes of their manufactures, the application
snd use of objects which otherwise would have rémained but’ beautiful curios,

hitable only for the glass cases of a Museum. sf

For this purpose the Secretary of the Royal Commission made arrangements
ust year for the utilisation of Indian Art work (as far as possible) in. the con-
truction and decoration of the Courts, and submitted for the approval of
1.R.H. the President, a plan for the draping of the vestibule with Indian
tinted cottons, the separation of the Courts by carved wooden and stone
eens, the construction of a Palace Durbar Hall in carved wood, and in con-
ection with it the peculiar feature of most oriental Palaces, ai “ Karkhaneh,” or
rorkshop, where jewellers, weavers, carvers, and others would carry on their
ades, and produce before the visitors the marvellous and beautiful objects of
heir handiwork.
At the request of H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, the Lords of the Committee
Council on Education gave permission to Mr. C. P. Clarke, C.L.E., the Keeper
the India Museum, to visit India, and this gentleman returned in May last,
nving completed the necessary arrangements, and brought ,back a party of
cod-carvers, who immediately commenced the Durbar Hall.

88 The Empire of India:

The great stone gateway presented to the South Kensington Museum b
His Highness the Maharaja Sindhia having also been lent by the Authorities
of the Science and Art Department, a design made by Mr. Purdon Clarke whils
in India was approved, and the gateway incorporated with the Durbar Hall an
artizans’ shops. The whole now represents a typical Royal Palace and Court
yard, with shops overlooked by an Audience Hall, and the public portions of ay
Indian Palace in the Hindu-Persian style known as Moghal. Protected by
two bastion towers and loopholed walls, the courtyard is entered through t
Gwalior gateway, a remarkable example of modern Indian Art which woul
alone merit a visit to the Exhibition from the richness of its decoration
and peculiarity of construction, so completely at variance with our system o
masonry. It was designed, and the work of execution superintended, by Majo
James Keith, the Curator of Antiquities at the Gwalior Fort.

The shops surrounding three sides of the courtyard number thirteen, an
seven more line a passage on the right which leads to the Private Exhibitors
Gallery. These are raised about two feet above the level of the pavement,
each front is divided into three openings by columns and foliated arches. wi
lattice panels over.

On the fourth side is a wide porch extending back and on either side; th
low ceiling being supported by cross beams, and many columns with brack
capitals. Here are the carpet looms, and office where all arrangements are
and orders received for work to be executed by the artizans in the courtyard.

Passing through the porch, or Hall of Columns, the garden vestibule i
reached, a building of somewhat mixed character, partaking more of the for
and construction of a large marquee tent than the glimpses of solid mason
showing through the tent-like hangings will admit. The mosaic floor an
curious tank fountain again add to this look of solidity, which is confirmed b
the, red sandstone staircase leading up to the Durbar Hall overlooking, th
Palace courtyard.

This room is certainly the most remarkable object in the Exhibition, bein
of foreign origin, yet made in the Exhibition by two natives of Bhera in t
Punjab. Entered on the east side through a triple arched opening, the Hall 1
seen at a coup-d’eil, and visitors are bewildered with the mass of intrica
ornament which covers the walls and ceiling. The foliated arches of the hea
of the thirteen recessed windows are again repeated in the casements, and th
peculiar bracketed cornice carries another line of these graceful arches ron
the room.

The pictures relating to India are exhibited in the Upper Gallery oft
Royal Albert Hall.

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| THE ‘DOMINION OF CANADA.

Ag Domivion of Canada ocoupies the northern half of the North American continent. . It.covera
area of 3,500,000 square. miles, and is territorially about, equal: in extent to. the continent of
Europe, Reaching from the Atlantic.to the Pacific Ocean, the. western half has.'a southern
Brontier which, if extended. across the Atlantic Ocean, would strike the latitude of Paris, while the
outhernmost point, of. the eastern section of the country is in the latitude,of Rome... Canada is
hus, the: physica! equivalent, on the continent of North ‘America: of the great empires and
kingdoms of Germany, France, Italy, Russia in Europe, Sweden.and Norway, Belgium, and the
British Islands; it is, above. all, an ‘integral portion. of the British Empire; containing natural
esources 8 Varied and as great as of those countries.
Nineteen short years ago Her Majesty’s possessions in North America entered upon. @
orporate existence, and the change that has since taken place in the general development and
¢ prosperity of Canada cannot but be accepted as a remarkable proofof the sagacity of the
mperial and colonial statesmen: who directed 'the'movement. The confederation grew out of the
natural desire of the people of the disconnected provinces to unite for their mutual benefit, ‘To
he petition for the privilege: of confederating, the British Parliament responded, in: 1867, by
passing the “ British North American Act,” providing for the voluntary union of the various
provinces'in North America under the-name of the “ Dominion of Canada,” and for the cession to
he Dominion of all the vast unsettled :area of British America ‘formerly dominated by the
Hudson’s Bay Company, with power to create new provinces and admit them! into the! union
When sufficiently populated... The Act came into operation on the lst of July; 1867—the
provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick uniting with Upper and Lower Canada, or, as
hereafter known, Ontario. and Quebec. This union of the inland and maritime provinces gave
Canada.an importance. she had: never. before possessed. In 1870, the Province of Manitoba
as created, having been.carved out of that portion of ithe territory lying on both sides of the

@ Hudson’s Bay Company. In 1871, the large and prosperous! Province of: British: Columbia
as, added, comprising all that. region lying between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific;
wieluding the numerous large islends, fringing the coast, and extending from the United
tates to and, beyond. the southern limit of Alaska; and: in 1873 Prince Edward Island joined
he confederation. J
This political bond shas been strengthened by the construction of the Canadian. Pacific
ailway, the great national undertaking which has now been brought to a successful termina.
jon, and, by means. of which the extreme eastern and western portion of the Dominion aré

‘The population of the Dominion approximates 5,000,000, which. is augmenting at a rapid
te, and which, notwithstanding the diversity of origin, has, under the force of ¢ire
en welded. into ‘a, ..omogeneous whole. . Abont one-half are. of English, Scotch, and Irish
traction; one-fourth: are of direct French descent; Germany is well represented ; and every
tion in. Europe has: contributed its quota to swell, the population. Of Indiana there is an
timated pupulation of 100,000. . About one-third of these live in the older provinces, and bave
pen long singe gathered into settlements under the care of officers of the Indian Departnient,
‘Some cases having ‘industrial schools and other organisations. to aid them in their progress
Watd.a higher civilisation; and it is only necessary to glance at’ the products of Indian industry
the Exhibition in order to learn how marked that progress has, been. ' tt

92 aii Canada.

The Government of Canada, as at present constituted, is a representative one, the executive
authority being vested in the Sovereign of Great Britain, and carried on in the name of the
Crown by a Governor-General, assisted by a Privy Council. The legislative branch consists of
Dominion Parliament, composed of two houses. The Upper House, or Senate, consists o
raembers who are appointed for life by the. Governor-Generalyin Gouncil. The Honse of Commongy
is a purely reptesentative body, elected by the people, the representation being apportioned to the
various provinces in the ratio of their population. Each province enjoys local self-governmen
having a provincial legislature elected by the people, and a Lieutenant-Governor appointel
by’ the’ Federal Government. There is also a very perfect system of municipal government
throughout the Dominion, Both the counties end townships have local governments or counc
which regulate their loca! taxation for roads, taxes for schools and other purposes, eo that eve
man directly votes for the taxes which he pays. This system of responsibility, from’ the
municipalities up to ‘the General Government, causes everywhere a feeling of contentment and
satisfaction; the people, with truth, believing that no other form of government which can &
devised on earth can give them greater freedom.

The ‘utmost religious liberty everywhere prevails in Canada. Persons coming to the Dominic
from Europe, of every religious persuasion, will find their own churches and abundant facilitie
for the ‘practice of their faith among neighbours who will sympathise with their views.

Before school boards were established in England the Dominion had a well-organised syste
of| public or common schools in operation, in which instruction is not merely confined to
rudiments of education.. In many cases the higher branches are taught, and the children receiv
a sound practical education, fitting them for any ordinary position in life. Both in the count
districts and in the towns boards of trustees, elected by the people, manage the affairs of th
public schools. Provision is also made for the establishment of separate schools in district
whers the inhabitants are divided in their religious opinions, and mixed schools are not possibla
The public schools are absolutely free, and are supported partly by a local tax and partly by
grant from the Provincial Treasury. In addition, there are grammar schools in all parts of th
country, managed like the public schools, at which, as well as et the many excellent privat,
schools; pupils receive a good classical and modern education. Above these again are ‘th
high: schools, collegiate institutes, and universities, the latter liberally endowed with echolarshiy
where the cost of attendance is comparatively so small as to place the facilities for educatig®
they offer within the reach of all. There are also schools of surgery and medicine in th
larger cities, and the religious denominations also have colleges at which young men @
prepared for the ministry. The higher education of girls is also met in the fuliest manne
by'numerous high - schools, gensrally denominational in character. In fact, means of educationg
from the highest to the lowest, everywhere abound in the Dominion.

The variations of the: Canadian climate are less than in many countries of much smallq
extent. But throughout nearly its whole area Canada is characterised by a gtoater heat:
summer, and a lower temperature in winter than in corresponding European latitudes. Th
climate of the eastern and especially of the western provinces is moderated by the Atlantic ‘an
Pacific’ Oceans respectively, while the great water system of rivers and lakes, which extend
throughout the Dominion, helps to’ preserve an equable climate in the interior provinces, Th
degrees of latitude, therefore, are a very imperfect guide to the character of the Canadian climai
as compured with that of the British Isles, and any statement of the mean temperature of the
isdeceptive. The severity of the winter, as tested by the thermometer, leads to a very exaggers'
impression of Canadian experiences. Owing to the dry, clear, bracing atmosphere which general
prevails, the sense of discomfort produced by the raw easterly winds and damp fogs of Englat
suggests an idea of cold such as is rarely experienced in a Canadian winter. ‘There: are, indeety
every winter.a few days of intense cold, as in the summer there are brief periods of equally inte
heat, when the thermometer ascends, or descends, through # scale unknowm in the Engl
climate.’ But throughout the greater part of the winter season in Canada the sky is bright an
clear, ‘and the weather thoroughly enjoyable. Skating, snow-shoeing, tobogganing, and oth

outdoor exercises, are in universal favour, and the sound of the sleigh-bells in the open thoroug!
fare adds to the exhilarating senso produced by the pure bracing atmosphere. Everywhere th
appearance of the snow is hailed’ as seasonable and beneficial. It protects the wheat sown

autumn from the frost, affords facilities to the farmer for bringing his produce to market, pics

\ Oanada: 98

mberman in collecting the fruits,of.his labour in the forest atsuitable points for transport, and
contributes alike to business and pleasure, In short, the Canadian climate is marked by the
riking contrast of two seasons—summer and winter—bringing with them alternations of fruitful
bour and of, repose, intermingled with profitable industry.and_ pleasure, This characteristic
Revailsy with slight variations, throughout.the greater part of 4he Dominion. Bias
= While it is impossible, within the limits of this introduction, to speak in, detail of the
pricultural capabilities of Canada, it may be stated generally that its soil and climate are such
hat the country produces a greater variety of grains, yrasses, vegetables, and fruits than is
wally grown in Great Britain and Ireland. It possesses thedargest extent of cultivable land
t opened for settlement, adapted to the growth of productions of the temperate climates, not
ily on the American Continent, but in the world. Canada is pre-eminently a country of yeoman
mers. The land is held in possessién’ dnd ‘tilled: by the gettler on his own account; and with
ery addition to the numbers of its-industrious population, fresh acres are recovered from the
ilderness and added to the productive resources and the wealth of the Dominion, By pation
hdustry and frugality it is in the power of every Canadian to become owner of a house and pro-
ietor of whatever amount of landhevcan/turn t6 profitable acébant, "TH majority of the farms
e small, tilled by the proprietor with. his.own hands, with the help of his sons and occasional
ired labour in the busy season of harvesting. But capital is also successfully applied to farming,
nd large stock farms in the eastern provinces, and latterly in the ranching country at the foot of
he Rocky Mountains, are now carried on with great success.
The forests of Canada abound in fine timbef, adapted to almost every variety of useful or
jamental work, and furnishing one main element of wealth. Theit value is becoming more
pparent every year. At present the produce of the forests exceeds in yalue uny other yield of the
owth, produce, or manufacture of the Dominion. The total value of the annual exports of
mbcr products approximates £6,000,000, for which Great; Britain-and the United States are'thie
principal markets. "
The mineral resources are represented by coal fields of immense extent, both ‘on its ‘Atlantic
Bid Pacific coas’s ; atid thete are large deposits beneath the surface of its prairie Iands east of the
ky Mountains. It has iron, gold, silver, copper, lead,. and) other mines of great richnesa,
gether with almost every description of the most valuable building materials; also petrolcum,
alt, and. phosphates, Tae
Looking to the native fauna of Canada from an edonomic point of view, it is abundantly
vident that the animal life of ite seas and rivers is one of its great and) inexhanstible sources of
ealth. Alike on the sea coasts, in the estuaries, and throughout its great inland lakes and
vets, the most valuable fish abound. Canada has. been esteemed! from ‘its earliest dis¢overy for

3 Valuable fur-bearing animals, and has been the trapping and hunting ground for two centuries
br. the Hudaon’s Bay Company, and .other) organisations, | For sportsmen. the cotntry, offers
usual attractions, both in the abundance and variety of its game—which is well distributed
ver the hack woods'of the eastern provinces, the districts, immediately west of Lake Superior, the
uitie region, and in British Columbia, The northern sections. of Canada are the breeding
grounds of an infinite yuriety of the-feathered tribe, 7 cr
Thus, with an advantageous geographical position, with « climate and resources’ not widely
issimilar to those of the mother country, with institutions calculated to secure law and order,
vil! and religious liberty; and thé ‘best’ traditions of the mother country, no great keenness of
ision is required to forsee that Vanada must, in the no distant future, become the home of one
the most populous and powerful peoples'of the earth, 4 BETS

94 Advertisements.

ESTABLISHED 1910.

GAINSFORD & CO,

‘prize: “MEDAL ° ome bag Rais MEDAL ude:

cf = oO NOGe 1884 = my
INTERNATIONAL

ss
NATIONA L”
HEALTH EXHIBITION, 1834.

INTER
INVENTIONS EXHIBITION, 1886,

-UPHOLSTERERS,

AND

House Furnishers.

———

Messrs. GAINSFORD & CO., were appointed

by the Executive Council of the above Exhibitions
to supply the Furniture, Carpets, &c., for the

Council Chamber, Chairman’s ftopm, the Press

and Jurors’ Offices.

Also by the Royal Commission for the Colonial
and ‘Indian’ Exhibition, London, 1886, for the
Furnishing of the Executive President’s Chamber,

H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF WALES, E.G.,
the Chairman's Reception Room, and the Indian
and General 1 teon &c., &c,

161 TO 167, BOROUGH, LONDON, S.E,

DESIGNS AND ESTIMATES FREE.
SPHOIAL SUIPPING TERMS.

GROUP I-—-AGRICULTURE.

Oxass 1.

6) | Machinery and Implements.
“ABELL, JOHN, Toronto, Ontario.
—~(V).Toronto Advance” Steam ‘Tiiresher.
(2) Compound Portable Engine for all fuels. (8)
en-H.-P, “Triumph” Portable Engine. (4)
Pwelve-horsé Level Tread-power Thresher.

AIKMAN, DAVID, Box 416, P.O.,
Montreal, Quebec.—({1) Mode! of Floatin
Machinery for the manufacture of peat fuel
(2), Samples of Fuel,

A. 8. WHITING ‘MANUFAC.
TURING CO., Oshawa,, Ontario. --
Scythes, Forks, Hoes, Rakes,

. BEDARD, L. G., 8t.: Hyacinthe,
Quebec.—Agricultural Implements.

BERTRAND, F. X., St. Hyacinthe,
Quebec.—Cross-furrow Plough,

'BESSETTS, J. & S., Iberville,
Quebec, — (1) Upright Hay Press. (2)
Ywo-H.-P. Threshing Mill.

BOYD & CO., Huntingdon, Quebec.
—(1) Two-H.-P. Sweep, Thresher. (2) Hay
Tedder. (8) Rake. (4) Corn or Potato Hoe.

BRANDON MANUFACTURING
CoO, OF TORONTO, Toronto, Ontario.
(1) Garden Wheelbarrow. (2) Churns,

CAMPBELL, MANSON, Chatham,
Ontario.—Fanning Mill.

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY
CO., Montreal, Quebec.—Ploughs, Horse,
Kukes, &e.

CHALIFOUX, 0. & SONS, St.
proctathe, Quebec.—(1) Thresher, (2)
ake,

COCKSHUTT PLOUGH CO., Brant-
ford, Brant, Ontario.—(1) Root and Corn
Cultivator... (2) Jointer Ploughs. (8) One-
horse Plough. @) Sulky “Gang” Plough.
(5) Riding Single Plough. (6) Turf and
Stubble Plough. (7) Breaker Plough.

COULTHARD, SCOTT, & CO,
Oshawa, Ontario.—Combined Grain Drill
ind Broadcast Sower,

DOMINION BARB WIRE CO., 42
Fou Street, Montreal, Quebec.—
Barb Wire Fencing, i

95

Canada.
| DUBOIS, LOUIS’ E.,:T On-
VEGETABLE KINGDOM. | tavio.~Modei of a Plough for ditching.
DUNDAS HORSE-SHOE AND

FORGING CO., Dundas, Ontario,—
Threshing Machine Teeth.

DUNN, P., Céte St. Paul, Montreal,
Quebec.—‘ence and Hcop Staples. ; .

ELLIOTT, JOHN, & SON, London,
Middlesex, Ontario.—(1) Milwaukee. ‘ (2)
Binders. (8) Sulky Plough with power lift
(4) Field Plough.

FORSYTH, W., Peterborough, On-
tario.—(1) Improved Fanning Mill and Seed
Separator. (2) Hand Pomp for well: A}

GILLIES, GEORGE, Ganandgue,
Lesds, Ontario. — (1) Steel Harrow. (2)
Steel Field Cultivator.

GOOLD, EDWARD lL. &
Brantford, Ontario.—Fanning Mill.

GOWDY, THOMAS, & CO., Guelph,
Ontario.-—Lawn Mowers.

HARRIS, A., SON, & CO., Brant-
ford, Brant, Ontario. — Harvesting Ma-
chinery.

LARMONTH, JOHN, & CO., Mon-

treal, Quebec.—({1) One-H.-P. Thresher. \(2)
Two-H.-P. Thiesher.

McFARLANE, THOMPSON, &
ANDERSON, Fredericton, New Bruns-

Co.,

wick, —.(1). Mowing. Machine. (2) Horse
Rake. (8) Steel Plough. mite
McKINNON, D. W., North Sydney,

Cape Breton.—Section of Waggon Body,

showing Exhibitor’s. Patent End Gate Fasten-
ing.

MASSEY MANUFACTURING CO.,
Toronto, Ontario. — (1) One “Toronto”
Light Binder, (2) “Toronto” Mower. (8)
“Massey” Harvester. (4) ‘* Massey ” Mower.
(5) Sharp’s Hay Rake. (6) “Massey” Harvester.
(7) “Toronto” Mower, two-horse. (8) “/To-
ronto” Mower, one horse. (8) “ Massey”
mare. (10) Sharp’s Hay and Stubble

aire, IW

(MAXWELL, DAVID, Paris, Brant,
ntario,—(1) Harvester Binder, (2) Reaper.
(8) Rake. (4) Mower. ,

MOODY, WILLIAM, & SONS, Teér-
rebonne, Quebec, — (1) Seeding Machine
for broadcast, sowing. (2) Two-horse Thresh-
ing Machine. (3) ‘I'wo-horse Mowing Machine.
(4) One-horse Hay Rake.

96

MORRIS & WATTS, brantford,
Ontario. — “Morris”! Top Double-dresser
Threshing Machines.

NORTH-AMERICAN .MANUFAC-
TURING CO., London, Ontario, —(1)

Twine Binding Harvesting Machine. (2)
Grass Mowing Machine.

ONTARIO LHAD AND BARB
WIRE CO.

ONTARIO PUMP CO., Toronto,
Ontario.—(1) 10 ft. “Halliday” Standard
Pumping Windmill, with Pumps attached in
working order. (2) Three sizes of Feed
Grinders.

' OTTERVILLE MANUFACTUR-
ING CO.—Tools.

PAXTON, TATE & CO., Port Perry,
Ontario.— (1) 18 in. “ Perfection” ‘Turbine
Water Wheel. (2) 20 in. ‘“ Vulcan”, Turbine
Water Wheel. (8) 23 in. “ Leffel” Turbine
Water Wheel.

ROSS, DAVID, Huntingdon, Quebec.
—Reversible Steel 'l'voth Harrow.

RYAN, WILLIAM, Chatham, On-
tario.—Scotch Plough—silver-plated handle,
-gold nuts, polished bea and share,

SAWYER, L. D., & CO., Hamilton,
Ontario.—(1) Mowing Machine. (2) Reaping
Machine,

STEVENS, TURNER, & BURNS,
London, Middlesex, Ontario.—(1) T'welve-
HP. Portable Threshing Engine and Boiler on
Wheels. — (2) Combined Threshing Machine,
Separator, and Cleaner.

WATSON MANUFACTURING CO..
Ayr, Waterloo, Ontario. —(1) “New”
Single Mowing Machine. (2) “ Daisy” Horse
Rake. (8) ‘‘ Lion” Single Reaping Machine.

WELLAND VALE MANUFAC-
TURING CoO., St. Catherine’s, Lincoln,
Ontario.—Axes, Scythes, Forks, Horse Rakes.

“WILKINSON, G., & CO., Aurora,
York, Ontario. — Ploughs, Steel Scrapers

(Wheeler and Drag), Seed Drills, Cultivators, |

Scufflers,; Wheelbarrows.

WILSON, J. C., & Co., Picton, On-
tario.—Iron Water Wheels, * Little Giont ”

WILSON, MATTHEW, & CO,
— Ontario. — Agricultural Imple-
ments,

f WISNER, J o., SON, & Co., Brant-

ford, Brant, Ontario. — (1) Cumb Drill.

Porting, Tedder. (8) Hay Rake. (4) Spring
oth Cultivator.

YOUNG, E. ©., Bridgetown, Nova
‘Beotia.—(1) Apple Barrel Press: (8) Chop-
ping Axe.

Canada,

.| Cream Oats in straw and in bulk,

Crass 2,
Cereals.

ANDERSON, W. A., Saskatchewan
Land and Homestead Company, Asgsini-
boia.—(1) White Oats. (2) Wheat.

ANTICOSTI, an Island in the Gulf
of St. Lawrence, Province of Quebec,
the property of F. W. and T. G. STOCK.
WHELL.—Collection of Cereals.

“ ANTSYERE,” Pasgua’s Reserve,
Assiniboia.—Red Fyfe Wheat.

ASHAM, GEORGE, Pasqua’s Re-
serve, Assiniboia.—Red Fyfe Wheut.

BALL, JOHN, Charlottetown, Princes
Edward Island.—Sheaf of White Oatz.

BELL, GEORGE, Shubenacadie,
Nova Scotia.—White Oats.

BLACK, REV. A. B., Amherst, Nova
Scotia.—W heat.

BLAKE, WILLIAM, Shubenacadie,
Nova Scotia.—Gravel Buckwheat.

BOKER, R., & SON, Victoria, British
Columbia.— Wheat, Oats, Rye, Barley, Peas,

BOLE, J., Regina District, Assini-
boia.—Barley.

BOYD, HUGH, North Arm, New
Westminster, British Columbia. — (1)
Wheat. (2) Oats.

Black Oats.

BULMAN, ROBERT, South Rustico,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—Two-rowed Barley, White Oats.

BULMAN, THOMAS, South Rusti
Queen’s County, Prince Edward I
— White Oats, Black Oats, White, Wl:ea'
Fodder Corn.

Corn (three ears).

BURNS, G., Burns District, Assini-
boia.—Barley,

BUTHOUR, JULIUS, NorthSaanich,
British Columbia.—Fall Wheat and Peas.

CAMPBELL, JOHN W., Post
Box 46, Truro, Nova Scotia.—Fgyptis

Canada,

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT
DEPARIMENT OF AGRICUL-
TURE), Otta, Ontario. — Collection of

ereals, Vegetables, Roots, &c., from the various
Provinces.

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY
O., Montreal, Quebec. -— Collection of
Jereals, Roots, &c., from the North-West
Territories,

CARSON, ROBERT, Pavillion, Lil-
ovet, British Columbia. —(1) Wheat.
2) Oats. (3) Barley.

| CHESLEY, B., Bridgetown, Anna-
polis, Nova Scotia.—Winter Wheat.

CHISHCLME, J. A., Clydesdale, An-
gonishe, Nova Scotia.—White Russian
pring Wheat and Oats.

CLARK, JOHN, Tatamagouche,
Nova Scotia.—(1) Weovil-proof Wheat in
ulk and stalk. (2) Oats in the straw.

CLARKE, JAMES, Tatamagouche
Bay, Colchester, Nova Scotia.—(1)
Wheat. (2) Bariey. (3) Buck Wheat.

| CLAPPERTON, JOHN, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Wheat and Oats.

CLINTON & MURRAY, Okanagon,
British Columbia.—Oats.

CROSBY, ISAAC, Marshfield,
Rueen’s County, Prince Edward
sland.—Pearl Barley.

DARBY, EDWIN, Egmont Bay,
Prince County, Prince Edward Island.
Fodder Corn.

. DAVISON, FRED., Burlington,
rrince Connty, Prince Edward Island.
Black Oats,

DEWAR, JOHN, Lot 48, Queen’s

pounty, Prince Edward Island.— White

DICKIE, J. H., Moose Mountain
District, Assiniboia.— Black Oats, Red
'yfe Wheat.

DICKSON, JOHN A., Onslow, Nova
pcotia,—Barley,

DRINKWATER, JOSEPH, Somenos,
5! 5 mag British Columbia.—Wheat

nd

1 DUNCAN, W. C., Maple Bay,
[wishan, British Columbia. — Fall
eat.

BEAGLE, C. B., 150 Mile House,
ariboo, British Columbia.—Peas.

97

BATON, WILLIAM, Kentville,Nova
Scotia.—(1) Winter Wheat. (2) Beans. (3)
Indian Corn,

EDYSON, MILTON, Maple Bay,
British Columbia.—Barley.

ELLIOTT, ALANSON, Oxley,
Essex, Ontario.—White and Yellow Dent
Corn,

FERGUSON, J., North Arm, Fraser
River, British Columbia.—Barley.

FISHER, H., Regina District, Assi-
niboia.—Barley, White Oats, Wheat.

FORD, J., Moose Mountain District,
Assiniboia.—Wheat.

FOSTER, J. W., Clinton, Lillooet,
British Columbia.—Barley.

FRASER, DONALD, Pictou, Nova
Scotia.—Grains, Timothy.

FRASER, DONALD, Acadia Farm,
Pictou, Nova Scotia.—Grains, Timothy,

FULTON, CLIFFORD C., Lower
Stewiacke, Colchester, Nova Scotia.—
Black Barley.

FURSTMAN, E. M., British Colum-
bia.— Wheat.

GILCHRIST, CHARLES, Port
Hope, Ontario.~Wild Rice prepared for
culinary purposes.

GIRONARD, L., Okanagon, British
Columbia.— Wheat.

GRAHAM, D., Okanagon, British
Columbia.— Wheat.

GRINDER, P., Big Bar, Fraser
River, British Columbia.— Wheat.

HARTNEY, H., Menteith, Turtle
Mountain, Manitoba.— Red Fyfe and
Spring Wheat.

HAWKS, J. F., Soda Creek, British
Columbia.—Spring and Fall Wheat.

-HENCH, H., Big Bar, Fraser River,
British Columbia,—Wheat.

HETHERINGTON, J., Lacila Hache,
Lillooet, British Columbia.—Barley.

HILLHOUSE. R., Broadview Dis-
trict, Assiniboia.—Rye-Grass Seed, Wheat.

HISLOP, T., Moose Mountain Dis-
trict, Assiniboia. — Wheat, Field Peas,
White Oats,

HOAR, ISAAC, Post Office Box 8,
Truro, Nova Scotia.—Bleck Norway Oats,
Squirrel-tai! Barley,

H

eee

98

HOEGG, D. W., & CO., Fredericton,
New Brunswick.—Corn.

HOEY, R., Lillooet, British Colum-
bia.— Wheat.

IRVING, THOMAS, Post Office Box
rsh : Montreal, Quebec. — Collection of
ereals,

ISIDORE, G., Dog Creek, Lillooet,
British Columbia.— Wheat.

JOHNSON, D. ‘McG, Upper
Stewiacke, Colchester, Nova Scotia.—
Field Seeds, various kinds.

JOSTER, J. R., Moncton Steam
Flour Mills, Moncton, New Bruns-
wick.—(1) Corn. (2) Buck wheat.
Cracked Wheat.

KEATLEY, C., Big Bar, Fraser
River, British Columbia.—Wheat.

KENNEDY, ALEXANDER, Lot 48,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—Two-rowed Barley, Red Wkeat.

KESTERING, C., Big Bar, Fraser
Valley, British Columbia.— Wheat.

KING, G. H., Charlottetown, Prince
Edward. Island.—Fodder Corn.

KIPP, HENRY, Chilliwack, British
Columbia.—Peas (Grey and White), Spring
Wheat, Rye, and Indian Corn,

KNOX, A. B., Okanagon, British
Columbia.— Wheat.
LARTZ, O. B., St. Catherine’s,

Ontario.—Yellow Corn on cob.

LEFURGEY, WILLIAM, Summer-
side, Prince Edward Island.—Indian Corn.

LONG, ROBERT M., Cowichan,
British Columbia.—Early Spring Wheat
and White Russian Oats.

McCAW, WILLIAM, Whitewood,
Pipestone Country, Assiniboia.—Wheat.

McCALLUM, STEPHEN, Brackley
Point. Road, Queen’s County, Prince
Edward Island.—Black Oats.

MACDONAID, DONALD, South
Saanich, British Columbia.— Wheat.

. McBWEN, ADOLPHUS, St. Peter's
Bay, King’s County, Prince Edward
Island.—White Wheat.

McKAY FARMING CO., Indian
ag District, Assiniboia.— White Oate,
leat,

Canada.

(8) |

McKINNON, ALEXANDER, Char.
lottetown Royalty, Prince Edward
Island.—(1) Sheaf of Black Oats, (2) Fodder
Corn,

McLELLAN, J. A., Regina District,
Assiniboia.—Red Fyfe Wheat, White Oats.

McMYN BROS., North Arm, Frase
River, British Columbia.—Oats,

McPHERSON, DON ALD,Cowichan,
British Columbia.—Oats.

MALLETT, WILLIAM, Union
Road, Queen’s County, Prince Edward
Island.—Buckwheat.

MARCOTTE, X., South Saanich,
British Columbia.— Wheat.

MARSHALL, RITSON, Wilmot,
Nova Scotia.—(1) Shepody Buckwheat. (2)
Field Beans.

MARSHALL, ROBERT, Wilmot,
Nova Scotia.—White Oats,

MARTIN, R., Regina District, Assi
niboia.—Whcat.

MONTREAL COLONISATION CO
Kimbrae, Assiniboia.—Wheat.

MOORE, E. T., Kentville, King’
County, Nova Scotia.—Winter Wheat.

MURCHISON, MALCOLM, Nort
River, Queen’s County, Prince Edw
Island.— Fodder Corn.

MUTCH, E. W., Fort Qu’Appe
District, Assiniboia.—Gold Drop Wheat.

NEW BRUNSWICK GOVERI
MENT (DEPARTMENT OF AGRI
CULTURE), 8t. John, New Brunswick
— Collection of Cereals of the Province.

“OSOUP,” Little Child’s Reserve
Assiniboia.—-Barley.

PARKIN, W., Regina District, Assi
niboia.—Black Oats.

PENITENTIARY OF BRITIS
COLUMBIA, New Westminster, Bri
ish Columbia,—Wheat.

PETERS, GEORGE E., Lower Mo
tague, King’s County, Prince Edwa
Island.—Buckwheat.

PINCHBECE & LYNE, William
Lot, Cariboo, British Columbia.—Whe

PLAXTON, WILLIAM, Prince Al
bert, North-West Territories.— Wheat.

POLLARD, JOHN, Clinton, Bri
Columbia.—Russian Barley.

Canada,

99

PORT ARTHUR DISTRICT (per T.
A. KEEFER, Hed.)>. Port Arthur, On-
tario.—Cereals and Grain from the Free Grant
Township of Oliver, exhibited by the Citizens
of Port Asthuy, Ontario.

POSTILL BROS.—Wheat.

boia.—-Wheat.

QUEBEC GOVERNMENT, Quebec.

—QCollection of Cereals of the Provinces,

RAMSAY, CHARLES, Paradise, An-
napolis, Nova Scotia.—Spring Wheat.

REHILL, WILLIAM, Seaforth, On-
tario. —Peas, Various Wheats, Spring Wheat,
crossed with Gold Drop and Club.

RISKE, L. W., Soda Creek, Cariboo,
British Columbia. -— Wheat and Spring
Wheat.

ROBERTSON, DANIEL, Brudenell,
King’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—Red Wheat.

ROSS, JOHN, Prospect Farm, New
Glasgow, Nova Scotia.—Australian Wheat
and New Zealand Oats, grown in Canada.

RYERSON, 8. M., Yarmouth, Nova
Scotia.—- ‘Silver-hull Buckwheat.

ST. HYACINTHE AGRICUL-
TURAL SOCIETY, St. Hyacinthe,
Quebec.—Collection of Cereals.

SANDOVER, §&. North Saanich,
British Columbia.—Barley.

SCHUBERT, G. A., British Colum-
bia.— Wheat and Oats.

SCOTCH CROFTERS, Pipestone
District, Assiniboia.—Sheaves of Grain.

SEMLIN, CHARLES A.,, M.P.P.,
Cache Creek, Yale, British Columbia.
-—Wheat and Barley.

SEXSMITH, W. A., Wolseley Dis-
trict, Assiniboia.— Wheat.

. SHARMAN BROS, ee British
Columbia.—Wheat.

SHAW ALEXANDER, West River,
or ce Edward Island.—Sheaf of Norway
ats.

SIMPSON, H., South Saanich, Brit-
ish Columbia.—Peas and Oats.

SKINNER, J., Katepwe, Fort Qu’Ap-
‘pelle District, Assiniboia.—Flax Seed.

SLUGGETT, JOHN, North Saanich,
British Columbia.— Wheat and Oats.

SMITH, R. R., Fort Qu’Appelle, Dis-
trict, Assiniboia.—Hull-less Barley.

SPAIN, MRS. M. B., Wilmot, Anna-
polis, Nova Scotia.—Cereals in bulk and
straw.

STEPHENSON, R.,
British Columbia.—Barley.

SWITZER, 8S. W., Saskatchewan
Land and Homestead Co., Assiniboia.—
Wheat, Black Oats.

SYMBURNER, R. H., Fort Qu’Ap-
pelle District, Assiniboia, — Hull-less
Barley.

SYMONDS, J., Regina District,
Assiniboia.—F lax Seed.

“THE MAN WHO TOOK THE
COAT,” Assiniboia Reserve, ‘Assini-
boia.— Wheat.

THOMPSON, WILLIAM, South
Saanich, Vancouver Island, British
Columbia.—(1) Fall Wheat grown in South
Saanich. (2) Oats.

THORNE, EDWARD, Okanagon,
British Columbia.—Wheat.

“THREE BULLS,” Blackfoot Re-
serve, Assiniboia.—Barley.

TROYER, C., Moose Mountain Dis-
trict, Assiniboia.— Wheat.

VENOT, A. J., Mahone Bay, Lunen-
berg, N.S.—White Russian Spring Wheat.

VICTORIA RICE MILLS, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Rice, and Products of
Rice.

VIEUX, C. B., Okanagon, British
Columbia.— Wheat.

WARWICK, G C., New West-
0 Pad British Columbia. — Millet
heads.

* WEASEL CALF,” Blackfoot In-
dian Reserve, Assiniboia.—Oats;

WARD, JOSEPH! W., Montreal,
Quebec.—Hops, Hay, Beans, &c.

WESTINGTON, WILLIAM JOHN,
Plainville, Northumberland, Ontario.—
Barley.

WHITE, ROBERT W., Newport,
a Nova Scotia.—Natural Grain and
See

Chilliwack,

WHITE, WILLIAM, North Saanich,
British Columbia.—Fall Wheat. ~~

H 2

100

WILLIAMS, T., Abernethy, Qu’
ag District, Assiniboia.—White
eat.

WILSON, 8., Whitewood, Pipestone
Country, Assiniboia.— Wheat.

WILTSHIRE, , Kentville,
Nova Scotia.—White Oats (“Burpee
Welcome”),

YORK COLONISATION CO., York
Colony, Assiniboia,—Wheat.

Ciass 3,
Vegetables and Fruit,

ANTICOSTT, an Island in the Gulf of
St. Lawrence, Province of Quebec, the
property of F. W. & T. G. Stockwell.—
Collections of Vegetables and Fruit. (Shown
in the Collective Exhibit.)

BAYFIELD, EDWARD, Charlotte-
town, Prince Edward Island.— One
Mangold.

BAYLEY, W. E., Regina District,
Assiniboia.—l'ive Pink-top Turnips.

*BIG PLUME,” Blackfoot Reserve,
Assiniboia.—White Potatoes.

BISHOP, W. C., Long Lake District,
Assiniboia,— Potatoes,

BRITISH COLUMBIA GOVERN-
MENT (Department of Agriculture),
Victoria, British Columbia.—Cranberies.

BULMAN, ROBERT, South Rustico,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—Five Potatoes, ‘Early Rose.”

BURKE, JAMES, Southport, Queen’e
County, Prince Edward Island.—(1)
One Cabbage. (2) Twelve Roots of Celery.

BUTHOUR, JULIUS, North Saa-
nich, Vancouver Island, British
Columbia.—Field Peas,

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY

CHOWAN, HENRY, Princetown
Road, Queen’s County, Prince Edward
Island.—Turnip, 27 Ibs.

Canada.

CLAPPERTON, JOHN,
British Columbia,—Peas.

COMPTON, GEORGE, St. Hleanor’s,
Prince County, Prince Edward Island.
—Twelve Potatoes, “ McIntyre’s,”

CULLUM, W. C., Regina District,
Assiniboia.—Field Swede Turnips.

DEWAR, A. E., Southport, Queen’s
enn Prince Edward Island.—Man-
gold,

DICKIBN, J. H., Moose Mountain
District, Assiniboia.—Three White Tur-
nips.

DRAKE, ROBERT, Cornwall,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—Potatoes “ McIntyre.”

ELLIOTT, LEONARD W., Clarence,
Nova Scotia.—Small Field Peas.

Victoria,

«< ESS,” Pasqua’s Reserve, Assiniboia.
— Potatoes.

FARQUHARSON, JAMES, Lot 48,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—Potatoes (new kind),

GILBERT J., Regina District, Assi-
niboia.—Pink-top Turnips, White Turnips.

GILL, ABRAM, Little York, Queen’s
County, Prince Edward Island,—(1)
Potatoes, “ Beauty of Hebron.” (2) “ White
Star.” (8) “ Burbank Seedling.”

GRANT, JOHN, M.P.P., Victoria,
British Columbia.—Potatves grown on 60th
ar North Latitude, Northern Boundary of

ritish Columbia, on Liard River.

HAZARD, CHARLES J., Bellevue,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—Potatoes, ‘** Late Rose.”

HENDERSON, M., Regina District,
Assiniboia.—White Potatoes.

HISLOP, T., Moose Mountain Dis-
trict, Assiniboia.—(1) Potatoes “Early
Rose.” (2) “Beauty of Hebron.” (8) White
Turnips.

HOEGG, D. W., & CO., Fredericton,
Nev; Brunswick.— Tomatoes.

) Obelisk of Laxor,

ALL
CIGARETTES
MARKED

"LUXOR

THREE DISTINCT QUALITIES :—SPECIAL—FIRST—SECOND.
“LUXOR.” | ALEXANDRIA CIGARETTE CO., Ltd., 63 & 64, New Broad 8t., London, E.C,
AGENTS WANTED FOR ALL THE COLONIES.

————— Te
Canada.

JONES, LOCK, Pownal, Queen’s
County, Prince Edward Island.—Pota-
toes, “ White Star.”

KNIGHT, ISAAC, Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island.—(1) Red Onions.
(2) White Onions. (8) Indian Corn (Yellow).

McDONALD, D., Loon Creek, Fort
+ oi la District, Assiniboia.— Field
eas,

McDONALD, DONALD, North
Bedeque, Prince County, Prince Kd-
ward Island.—Turnip.

McDONALD, WILLIAM, Panmure
Island, Queen’s County, Prince Edward
Island.—Potatoes, “ Beauty of Hebron.”

McINNES, BRUCE, Regina District,
Assiniboia.—White Turnips.

McLEOD, NORMAN, Orwell Point,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Islund.
—Potatoes, “McIntyre.”

McMILLAN, JOHN, West River,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—Field Peas,

MALLETT, WILLIAM, Union Road,
neers. County, Prince Edward Island.
—Field Peas,

MONKLEY, GEORGE, Port Hill,
Prince County, Prince Edward Island.
—Field Peas.

MONTGOMERY, DAVID, Summer-
side, Prince Edward Island.—(1) Potatocs
— Early Rose.” (2) “Silver Dollar.”

MOODY, J., Regina District, Assini-
boia.—White Turnips.

MORRIS, THOMAS, Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island.—Turnip, 194 lbs.

MUTCH, J., Regina District, Assini-
boia.—Field Peas,

*“NAKOTOOS,” File Hills, Assini-
boia.—White Potatoes.

NEW BRUNSWICK GOVERN-
MENT (DEPARTMENT OF AGRI-
CULTURE), St. John, New Brunswick.
—Collection of Vegetable Products of the
Province,

“OSOUP,” Little Child’s Reserve,
Assiniboia.—Potatoes.

PENITENTIARY OF BRITISH
COLUMBIA, New Westminster, Brit-
ish Columbia.—Peas, Potatoes.

PINCHBECK & LYNE, Williams
1h, Cariboo, British Columbia, —
otatoes.

101

PROUGHT, NEIL, Gallas Point,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
— Potatoes, “ Early Rose.”

PURDY, T., Regina District, Assini-
boia.—({1) Beets, (2) Fielde Swede Turpips.
“Alri oy (4) Beets, (5) Currots, (6)
-otatoes,

“RABBIT SKIN,” Assiniboine Re-
serve, Assiniboia.—Mangolds.

ROBERTSON, JOHN, New Perth,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—(1) Speckled Beans, White Field Beans. (2)
Three Beets, (8) Five Cerrots. (4) Four
Parsnips. (5) “ Hollow Crown” Turnip Seed.
(8) Long Small Blood Beet Seed.

ROGERS, WILLIAM, Freetown,
Prince County, Prince Edward Island.
—Potatoes, “ Prolific.”

ROSS, DONALD, North Bedeque,
Prince County, Prince Edward Island.
—(1) Twelve Potatoes, “Early Rose.” (2)
Twelve Potatoes, “Mclntyre.” (8) Swedish
Turnip.

ROSS, R., Regina District, Assiniboia.
—Marrowfat Peas.

ROWE, JOHN J., Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island.—(1) Roots of
Celery. (2) Italian and Plain Tomatoes.

8ST. HYACINTHE AGRICUL-
TURAL SOCIETY, St. Hyacinthe,
Quebec.—(1) Vegetables. (2) Peas.

SCHURMAN, WILLIAM, Bedeque,
Prince County, Prince Edward Island.
—Potatoes.

SHARMAN BROTHERS, Surrey,
British Columbia.—Peas.

SMITH, D., North Arm, Fraser River,
British Columbia.—Peas.

SMITH, J. F., Regina District, As-
siniboia.—Marrowfat Peas.

SPAIN, MRS. M. B., Wilmot, Anna-
polis, Nova Scotia.—Carrots, Onions, and
Potatoes.

STEWART, D., Southport, Queen’s
County, Prince Hdward Island.—Pota-
toes, “ New York.”

* THE LOUISE,” Blackfoot Reserve,
Assiniboia.—Potatoes.

TORRANCE, |. FRASER, B.8c.,
Montreal, Quebec.-—Fresh Vegetables,

102

Canada.

TWEEDY, GEORGE, North River,
Queen’e County, Prince Edward Island.
—(1) Potatoes “Prolific.” (2) “Dakota
Red.” (3) “White Star.” (4) Turnip, 183 lbs.

WELLS, ALLEN, J.P., Chilliwack,
British Columbia —Cauliflowers.

WILSON & SIBBALD, Regina Dis-
trict, Assiniboia.—White Turnips.

YOUNG, J., Pense District, Assini-
boia.—(8) White Turnips. (2) Field Swede
Turnips,

Fruit.

BEGBIE, SIR M. B., Victoria, British
Columbia,—Peaches.

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT, Ot-
tawa, Ontario.—(1) Fruits of all kinds grown
in Canada (preserved in alcohol). (2) An assort-
ment of late-keeping apples in fresh condition.

CHESLEY, B., Bridgetown, Anna-
polis, Nova Scotia. — Apples, “Non-
pareils,”

EVANS, MRS. J., Chilliwack, Bri-
tish Columbia.—Pears.

HOG, G. D. W., & CO., Fredericton,
New Brunswick.-—Apples, Blueberries,

NOVA SCOTIA GOVERNMENT,
Halifax.—Collection of Fruits,

PENWELL, CHARLES T., Victoria,
British Columbia.— Pears.

ROWLING, W. 1, New West-
minster, British Coli:mbia.—Grapes.

SELWYN, MISS, Ottawa, Ontario.
—Fruit from the “Shepherdia Argentea.”

SPAIN, MRS. M. B., Wilmot, Anna-
polis, Nova Scotia. — (1) Long-keoping
Apples. (2) Native Grapes.

TORRANCE, J. FRASER, B.S8c.,
Montreal, Quebec.—Fresh Fruit.

TRONA, THOMAS, Victoria, Bri-
Columbia.-—Apples, “ Baldwin.”

TRUTCH, THE HON. JOSEPH wW.,
Victoria, British Columbia.—Pears.

_ WELLS, ALLEN, J.P., Chilliwack,
British Columbia.—Apples.

QOuass 4,
Farinaceous Producta.

BEER & SONS, Charlottetown,
Prince Hdward Island,—Potato Farina.

EDWARDSBURGH STARCH CO,,
Cardinal, Grenville, Ontario.—Laundry
and Oulinary Starches,

FARQUHARSON, D., Charlotte.
town, Prince Edward Island.—Potato

Farina,

FISH & IRELAND, Lachute Mills,
Argenteuil, Quebec.—(1) Dessicated Wheat,
Barley, Peas. (2) Rolled Oats and Wheat,
(3) Snowflake Barley. (4) Prepared Pea
Flour. (5) Prepared Groats and Whole Wheat
Meal. (6) Pearl Barley and Pearl Wheat.

McKINNON & McLEAN, Charlotte.
town, Prince Edward Island.—Farina,

PROWSE & SONS, Murray Har-
bour, King’s County, Prince Edward
Island.—Potato Farina,

RANKINE, T., & SONS, St. John,
New Brunswick.—Farinaceous Products,

Cuass 5.

Dwellings. Utensils. Fertilizers,

ARMSTRONG, J. 8. A., St. John,
New Brunswick. — Complete Models of
Prairie Settler’s House, Town House, Church,

CANADA CHEMICAL MANURE
AND FERTILISER CO.

CAMPBELL, CHARLES,
mond, Quebec.—Butter Tubs.

CLIFFORD, HCN. W. AUSTIN,
Manitoba.—Model of Dairy Farm.

DAVIS, WILLIAM, Richmon4,
Quebec.—Patent Splash and Drop Churn,

DOMINION DAIRY HOUSE, Dan-
ville, Richmond, Quebec.—Dairy Imple-
ments.

ECCLES, D. E., & SONS, Mouth of
the Nerepis, King’s County, New
Brunswick.—Patent Beehives,

FISH FERTILIZING CO,, Digby;
Nova Scotia.—Fish Fertilizer.

Brantford, Ontario.—Bee Hives.

Rich. |

HOLTERMANN, R&R. F., Fisherville,
aldimand, Ontario..—Hive. Honey Ex-
ractor.

PUTT, F. R., Chatham, Ontario.—
airy Utensils.

SMITH & CO., St. Jerome, Terre-
mne, Quebec.—Butter ‘T'ubs.

STANDARD FERTILIZER & CHE-

ICAL CO. Ne rp Limited, Post
>/uece, Box 176, Montreal, Quebec.—
’ ‘hosphate Manures,

TANNER, PROFESSOR, South Ken-
ington, London, England.—Drawing of
Model Colonial Settlement, proposed to be
stablished in the North-West of Canada,

GROUP II.—FORESTS.
Cuass 1,

Trees, Plants, and Flowers. Forest Products.
Timber, Worked and Unworked.

ANTICOSTI, an Island in the Guif
f St. Lawrence, Province of Quebec,
he property of F. W. & T. G. STOCK-
ELL.—Various Woods, polished and un-
mrtg (See the Collective Exhibit from the
sland.)

BLACK, W. W., Truro, Nova Scotia.
Collection of Woods from Nova Scotia,

BURSTALL, J. & CO., Quebec. —
ine Deals,

CAMPBELL, GEORGE GORDON,
ruro, Nova Scotia.—Collection of the
ndigenous and Naturalised Plants of Truro,
ova Scotia.

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT,
ttawa, Ontario.—Botanical Exhibit, pre-
red by the Geological and Natural History
survey of Canada. (1) A Collection of the
lowering Plants and Ferns of the Dominion.
2) A Collection of the Fruits of the Forest
Trees. (83) The Medicinal Plants of the Do-
inion. (4) 50 to 60 Photographs of Canadian
limber Trees, each framed in wood of the
peries represented. . (5) Horticultural. and
tanical Garden. (8) Commercial Woods.
7) Biitish Columbia Woods. (8) Carved
how Cases of various woods.

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY
0., Montreal, Quebec. — Woods of the
orth-West Territory of Canada,

CHAMBERLIN, MRS., Ottawa,
ntario.—(1) 250 Plates of single specimens
Wild Flowers and Fungi. (2) 25 Groups of

lates of “ Plant Life in Canada.” (4) Two
rge framed Pictures of an enormous Fungus.

‘lowers, by Mrs. O. P. Traill, folio, 1869. (8) |

108

CONSTANT, JANE A., Ottawa,
Ontario.—Wreath of Natural Flowers grown
in Canada,

GIGNAC, O., & SON, 129 Prince
Edward Street, Quebec.—Canadian Woods
used in Mouldings,

HAMILTON, JOHN, New Perth,
King’s County, Prince Edward Island.
—Specimens of Prince Edward Island Foliage.

HASTINGS SAW MILL CO., Bur-
rard Inlet, British Columbia (Agents in
London—HEATLEY,WOTTON &CoO.,
11 George Yard, Lombard Street, E.C.),
—(1) Sections of Douglas Fir Trees. (2) Sec-
tion of Spruce Tice, (3) Planks, Spars, Rail-
way Ties, Shingles.

HAZLEHURST, WILLIAM,
John, New Brunswick.—Wood Fibre.

HILL, ALBERT J., Port Moody,
British Columbia.—Album containing spe-
cimens of British Columbia Ferns.

HILL, MRS., Amherst, Nova Scotia.
— Album containing 50 Plates of British
Columbia Wild Flowers.

HOWE, J., & G. D., St. John, New
Brunswick.— Wood.

JACK, MISS E. M., care of J. J.
AUSTIN, Jun., Chateauguay Basin,
Quebec.—Forest-tree Seeds, with the Flower
of each Seed Painted and Classified.

KEITH, A., & SON, Halifax, Nova
Scotia.—A Half-Hogshead (Oak).

McLAREN, J. H., & Co., Ottawa,
Ontario.— Wood.

MOHUN, EDWARD, C.E., Port
Hammond, British Columbia.—Speci-
mens of Woods of British Columbia.

MORRIS, D. W., Sainte Thérése,
Terrebonne, Quebec.—Peat.

NEW BRUNSWICK RAILWAY
Co., St. John, New Brunswick.—(1)
Collection of the Woods of New Brunswick.
(2) Portable Office.

PORT ARTHUR DISTRICT (per
T. A. KEEFER, Esq.), Port Arthur,
Ontario.—Collection of Woods as samples of
Mining Timbers ‘from the Gold and Silver
Regions in the district of Thunder Bay, Lake
Superior.

PROVANCHER, THE ABBE L.,
Cap Rouge, Quebec. — Round Table in
Marquetry.

ROYAL CITY PLANING MILLS

CO., Limited, New Westminster, British
Columbia.—(1) Fir Spruce. (2) Fir Bark.

St.

ne

——

. 104 Canada,

SAYWARD, W. P., Post Office Box
190, Victoria, British ‘Columbia.— Wood,

STEVENSON, 8. C., Montreal, Que-
bec.—Collection of Woods.

WHITE, J.
WHITEHEAD, W. T.

Crass 2.

Trades in connection with Forests.

ANGUS & CO., East Angus, Comp-
ton, Quebec.—Prepared Wood Pulp.

BLANCHARD, W. H., Windsor,
Hants, Nova Scotia. — Wood Pulp or
Manufactures from the Ellershouse Pulp and
Paper Mills.

BRANDON MANUFACTURING
CO. OF TORONTO, Toronto, Ontario.
—(1) amples of Wooden Goods. (2) Toys
and Domestic Utensils.

BUCKINGHAM PULP CO., Mon-
treal, Quebec (JOHN FARMAN, Sec-
retary and Treasurer, 467 St. Paul
Street).—(1) Wood Pulp and Ligneous Meal.
(2) Samples of une Wood.

BULMER, H., JUN., & BROTHER,
Montreal, Quebec.—Assortment of Manu-
factured I.umber.

CAMPBELL, EWEN, Brae, Prince
Edwerd Island.—Sawn Cedar Shingles,

CATS ADA THREAD CO.
CANADIAN GOVERNMENT, Ot-

tawa, Ontario.—Boxes, Rope, Baskets, &c.,
made from wood and bark by Indians.

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILW.. ~ :
©O., Montreal, Quebec.—(1) A Manitobaa

Settler’s Outfit of Furniture. (2) Wheelbarrow,
in use in the North-West.

CIMON, SIMON X., M.P., Murray
Bay, Charlevoix, Quebec. — Wood Pulp
and Wood Pulp Board.

CONVERSE, JOHN A., Montreal,
Quebec. — (1) Manilla, Russian, and other
Cordage. (2) Binder Twine.

o- 10 COLONIAL VISITORS! |

We Manufacture 250 Varieties of Lathes.
London Show Rooms: 99, Fenchurch Street.

Company, Colchester.

Makers to the British Government,

CRILLY, JOHN,
Quebec. — (1) Manilla Blotting.
Manilla. (8) Paper Bags,

CROFT & ANGUS, Chemaine
Vancouver Island, British Columbia,
Manufactured Lumber.

DALBY, WILLIAM, Victoria, Bri
tish Columbia.—(1) Tan Bark (Vancouve
Island Hemlock). (2) Saraple of Ground Bar
with Skin tanned by it.

DARTMOUTH ROPEWORKS CO
Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Cordage.

DE BECK BROS. & CO., Brunet
Saw Mills, New Westminster, Britis
Columbia.—(1) Large Planks of Fir, Spruce
Cedar, and Hemlock. (2) Other kinds of smal
Lumber. (3) Salmon Boxes, as made fo
canneries.

ELLIOTT & CO., Toronto, Ontario
—Linseed and its Products.

GIBSON, ALEXANDER.

HARDY, LANSON, Lockeport, Nov:
Scotia.—(1) Harness Cask. (2) Oil Cass

HASTINGS SAW MILL CO.
Granville, Burrard Inlet, British
lumbia (Agents in London, MESS.
HEATLEY, WOTTON & COQ, 1
George Yard, Lombard Street, 5.C.).
(1) Wood and Manufactured Lumber. (2)
Table.

LA SOCIETE INDUSTRIELLE D

COMTE DE MASKINONGE, Po
Maskinongé, Quebec.—Wood Pulp.

LOGAN, ALEXANDER, Nort
Sydney, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia—
Iron Stump-Extractor.

LYMAN, SONS, & CO., 384 St.
Paul Street, Montreal, Quebec. — Lin-
seed and Products.

McNAUGHTEN, JOHN, & CO,
Quebec, Quebec. —(1) Wood Fulp. (2
Wood Board.

MOODYVILLE SAW MILL CO.
Moodyville, British Columbia. (1
Rough and Dressed Lumber. (2) Beams. (7
Scantlings. (4) Laths. (5) Wickets.

& CO., Montre
(2) Ro

Engineers’ Tools of every Description,
All Correspondence to Britannia

Canada.

RATTENBERG, WILLIAM, Char-
lottetown, Prince Edward Island.—
Pressed Hay.

ROYAL CITY PLANING CO., Li-
mited, New Westminster, British
Columbia. —(1) Sawn and Split Shingles.
(2) Laths.

RUSSELL, W., & SON, Newcastle,
New Brunswick.—Spools.

THOMPSON & CO., Sherbrooke,
Quebec.—Bobbins and Spools made of Wood.

WOODBURN SARVEN WHEEL
CO., St. Catherine’s, Ontario.— Material
for Wheels.

ANIMAL KINGDOM.

ANIMALS AND THEIR PRODUCTS.
BIRDS AND TERRESTRIAL MAM-
MALS. INSECTS AND THEIR PRO-
DUCTS.

THE PRINCESS LOUISE,
HER ROYAL HIGHNESS, MAR-
CHIONESS OF LORNE.—Collection
of Canadian Birds.

ANTICOSTI, an Island in the Gulf
of St. Lawrence, Province of Quebec,
the property of F. W. & T. G. STOCK-
WELL. — Collection of Animals and Bir’g
(stuffed).

BIRMINGHAM, M., St. John, New
Brunswick.— A Stuffed Moose (Alces
malchis).

BOLE, W. NORMAN, New West-
minster, British Columbia.—A Big-horn
ountain Sheep,

CAMERON, JOHN, Victoria, British
Columbia.—Elk Horns.

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT, Ot-
wa, Ontario, — Collection of Canadian
irda, prepared by the Geological and Natural
istory Survey.

olis, Nova WSsotia.—Native Furs—Fox,
accoon, Mink, Musk-rat, Weasel, Beaver, &c,

CREASE, HENRY F. PELEW, Vic-
a, British Columbia.—Two pairs of

wee a Horas from Salmon River, British
umbia,

CROSS, WM., Toronto, Ontaric.—
ses of Canadian Birds and Mammals,

105

DUBOIS, LOUIS E., Toronto, Ot-
tawa.—Ostrich Feathers, dyed and prepared.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF -
ONTARIO (Incorporated 1870), Lon-
oon Ontario. -— Collection of Canadian
nsects,

GUTMANN & FRANK, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Furs.

HOLTERMANN, R. F., Fisher-
bo Haldimand, Ontario. — Natural
oney.

HUBBARD, J. H., Winnipeg, Mani-
toba,—Collection of Stuffed Birds and Animals.

HUDSON BAY CO.—Collection of Fur
Skins.

HUDSON BAY CO.—Collection of Hud-
son Bay Furs, prepared by James Ince, 156 Ox-

ford Street, London, W.

HYDE, H. A., New Westminster,
British Columbia.—(1) Insects peculiar io
the Province of British Columbia. (2) Cariboo
Head and Horns.

LALIBERTS, J.B., St. Roch Quobec,
Quebec.—Furs.

McDOUGALL, ALEXANDER, New
Westminster, British Columbia,—
Honey.

MAY, E. PASSMORE, M.D., To-
ronto, Ontario.—Red Deer.

NICOL, DAVID, Cataraqui, Ontario.
(1) Cases of Stuffed Birds of Canada. (2)
Case of Stuffed Mammals.

PELOQUIN, CHARLES, &t.
Hyacinthe, Quebec (Contributed per
THE ST. HYACINTHE AGRICUL-
TURAL SOCIETY).—Improved Beehive.

PORT ARTHUR DISTRICT, On-
tario (Per T. A. KEEFER, Esq., Port
Arthur). — (1) White Beaver Skin from the
Lake of the Woods. (2) Black Fox Skin.
(3) Spruce Partridge or Grouse. (4) Stuffed
Beaver. (5) Stutfed Cariboo. (6) Heads the
property of Mr. Allan McDougall.

POWELL, J. W., Victoria, British
Columbia.—Casriboo Heads, male, female, and
calf. Mountain Goat Head.

PROVANCHER, THE ABB L.,
Cap Rouge, Quebec.—An Insect sculptured
to size of 27 feet in length.

RENFREW, G. R., & CO., Quebec,
Quebee.—Furs.

ee

106

' SMALL, G. R., Now Westminster,
British Columbia.—Deer's Head.

' STRATFORD,
tario.—(1) Head of Moose.
Virginia Deer.

VENNOR, MRS. H. G., 142 Mans-
field Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Collec-
a of Canadian Birds of Prey and Small

irds.

WILSON, ROBERT, Booth, Pontiac,
Quebec.—Moose Heads (Alces Americanus),
mounted,

GROUP III.—FISHERIES.

Crass 1.
Fishes.

ANTICOSTI, an Island in the Guif
of St. Lawrence, Province of Quebec,
the property of F. W. & T. G. Stock-
well.—(1) Otters. (2) Seal Skins. (See the
Collective Exhibit from the Island.)

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT (De-
partment of Marine and Fisheries),
Ottawa, Ontario, — Stuffed and preserved
Specimens of Canadian Fishes and Marine
Invertebrata. For Details, see Canadian Do-
minion Official Catalogue,

CLARK & ROBBLEE, Summerside,
Prince County, Prince Edward Island.
—Fresh Mackerel.

H., Kingston, On-
(2) Heads of

Crass 2.
Marine Mammals,

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT (De-
partment of Marine and Fisheries),
Ottawa, Ontario.—Collection of Marine
Mammals,

Ciass 3.
Apparatus and Products.

ALLCOCK, LAIGHT, & WEST-
ae ag Toronto, Ontario. — Fishing
Tackle.

ANTICOSTI, an Island in the Gulf
of St. Lawrence, Province of Quebec,
tao ga, eee of F. W. & T. G. Stock-
well.—(1) Lobster Claws. (2) Seal Oil. (8)
Cod Oil. “Tn the Collective Exhibit from the
Island.)

BAIN, FRANCIS, North_ River,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward
Island.—(1) Mussel Mud. (2) Black Mud-
(3) Marl.

BEST, H. W., St. John, New Bruns-
wick.—Oyster Shells.

Canada.

BONNYN, WM. WINGFIELD.

CORBITT, G. E., Annapolis, Nova
Scotia.—Mussel Mud.

DALZELL, JOSEPH, St. John, New
Brunswick.— Gentleman’s Sporting Case:
Combination Rods, Six-strip Lancewood Salmon
Rod, Greenheart-wood Salmon Rod, Lancewood
Trout Rod. ‘

GOODWIN, DANIEL, Canso, Guys-
borough, Nova Scotia.—Squid Jigs used in
catching Squid.

GUTMANN & FRANK, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Implements for the
Capture of Seals and Dog Fish.

KING, J. W., Windsor, Nova Scotia,
—Fish-way Ladder, in operation.

MATHIAS, OWEN, Victoria, British
Columbia.—Dried Herring Spawn, for Arti-
ficial ‘Hatching and Breeding.

NAAS, ENOS, Lunenberg, Nova
Scotia.—Squid Hooks.

PICKERING, WM., Summerside,
Prince County, Prince Edward Island.
—Pair of Oyster Rakes or Tongs.

SCRIBNER, D., & SON, St. John,
New Brunswick.—Salmon and Trout Fish
ing Rods, made from greenheart-wood.

SEIFERT, G., 34 Fabrique Stree
Quebec.—Canadian Pearls.

SPRATT, JOSEPH, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Fish Guano.

TATE, HENRY 1L., Causo, Guys-
borough, Nova Scotia.—Eel Spear.

Cuass 4.

Fish as Food.

ANTICOSTI, an Island in the G
of St. Lawrence, Province of Quebec,
the property of F. W. & T. G. Stock
well.—-Dried Cod-fish. (With the Collective
Exhibit from the Island.)

BENT, GILBERT, & SONS, St. John
New Brunswick.—(1) Mess Shad. (2
Eastern Herring. (8) Mackerel. (4) Dr

Cod-fish.
BRITISH COLUMBIA GOVERN

MENT (Department of Agriculture
Victoria, British Columbia.-—Fish.

EARLE, THOMAS, Victoria, Bri
Columbia.—(1) Canned Salmon. (2) Cann
Clams.

€

Canada. *

FORREST é& CO., Halifax, Nova
otia.—Canned Salmon and Lobster.

‘GOLDEN CROWN ”. PACKING
)., Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Preserved
h,

GRANT, JAMES E., Charlottetown,
ince Edward Island.—(1) Preserved
Bokerel. (2) Lobsters. (8) Claw Lobster.

+REGORY & CO., New Westminster,
itish Columbia.—Salt Salmon.

HAMBLEN, J. B., & CO., Pictou,
bva Scotia.—Pressed Lobsters.

HATHEWAY, HARDINAY, 8t.
hn, New Brunswick.—Boneless Cod-

HOEGG, D. W., & CO., Fredericton,
ew Brunswick.—Tinned Lobsters.

LEONARD BROS., Post Office 266,
. John, New Brunswick. — Boneless
sh.

LONGWORTH & CO., Charlotte-
wn, Prince Edward Island.—(1) Pre-
ved Mackerel. (2) Preserved Lobster.

McDONALD, McDONALD, & CO.,
buris Hiast, King’s County, Prince
Award Island.—(1) Boneless Hake. (2)
neless Qod-fish,

McDOWELL, McNEILL, &
DOWELL, Rivers Inlet, Victoria,
tish Columbia,—Canned Clams.

McLEOD, A. C., Park Corner, Queen’s
bunty, Prince Edward Island.—Lob-
rs— Keystone brand.”

McNEIL, ARCHIBALD, Charlotte-
wn, Prince Edward Island.—Mackerel.

McNUTT, D. & P., Malpeque,
nce County, Prince Edward Island.
Lobsters in Tins.

NOBLE, R. B., Richibucto, County
ent, New Brunswick.—Canned Lobsters.

O'LEARY, HENRY, Richibucto,
’ nay Kent, New Brunswick.—Canned
posters,

TAYLOR, ALFRED, Mabou,
prness, Nova Scotia.—Salmon.

TODD, I. H., & SON, Victoria,
ritish Columbia.—Canned Salmon from
chmond Cannery, North Arm, Fraser River.

ITORRASE, A., New Westminster,
ritish Columbia.—Salt Salmon.

BEETON, & CO., British
Dlumbia, — Canned Salmon and Canned
ams,

Tn-

107

WELCH, RITHET, & CO.; Victoria,
a ag Columbia.—Canned Salmon, various
rands,

YOUNG, G. L., St. John, New
SERRA She — Fresh, Smoked, and Salted
Fish.

MINERAL KINGDOM.

GROUP IV.—MINES AND
MINERALS.

Cuass 1.

Mining and Metallurgy, and Industries
connected therewith.

ACADIA COAL CO.,
Nova Scotia.—Block of Coal.

ALBERT MANUFACTURING CO.,
Hillsborough, Albert, New Brunswick.
—(1) Crude Gypsum. (2) Specimens of Plas-
ter of Paris and Ground Plaster.

ALLAN, W. A., care of the Director
of the Geological Survey of Canada,
Ottawa.—(1) Specimen of Apatite (74 and
89). (2) Micas (87). (8) Apatite Crystal
(93). (4) Orthoclase.

ANGLO-CANADIAN ASBESTOS
CO., Montreal (London Office, 110
Cannon Street, E.C.), Quebec. — Crude
Asbestos.

ANLY, A. Y., Port Medway, Nova
Scotia.—Mineral Umber.

ANTICOSTI, an Island in the Gulf
of St. Lawrence, Province of Quebec,
the pror ty of F. W. & T. G. STOCK-
WELL... soil from Cormorant Point, includ-
ing stones, marble, fossils, polishing sand. (See
the Collective Exhibit from the Island.)

ARCHIBALD, CHARLES, Cow
Bay, Cape Breton.—_(1) Coal and Patent
Fuel. (2) Bituminous Coal and Coal Tar.

ASBESTOS MINING & MANU-
FASTER G@ CO., Quebec, — Asbestos
8.

’ AUSTIN, R.,
Anthracite Coal.

BAKER, WILLIAM, McNab, R.
18, E. }, L. 27, Ontario.—(1) Clay. (2)
Limestone. (8) Lime.

BATTLE, JOHN, Thorold, Welland,
— — Barrels of Thorold Hydraulic
ement.

Stellarton,

British Columbia,—

BECK, C., & CO., Penetanguishene,
Simcoe, Ontario.—({1) Clay. (2) Bricks.

BEER, ISAIAH, Hamilton, Ontario.
—Machine-pressed Brick.

BELL, JAMES, Storrington, Quebec,
—Apatite.

BENJAMIN, HENRY, Philipsburg,
nett, Quebec.—Marbie and Building
tune,

BENTLEY, M., & SON, Dudswell
Flag Quarry, Quebee.—Flagstone.

BOSTON ASBESTOS PACKING
CO., Thetford, Quebec.—Chrysolite.

-BREAULT, D., & SONS, St. John’s,
Quebec.—(1) Limestone. (2) Lime.

BROSSEAU, FRANCOIS, L’Acadie,

St. John’s, Quebee.—(1) Limestone. (2)
*Lime,
BROWN, —, Carleton Place, On-

tario.—Red Brick.

BROWN, R. H., Sydney Mines, Cape
Breton.—Fossi] Plants.

BULLEN, W. F., British Columbia.
—Pig Iron Ores (103).

BULMER & SHEPPARD, Montreal,
Quebec. — Specimens of Bricks and Drain
Tiles.

CALABOGIE MINING CO., Limi-
ted, Bagot, Ontario.—Magnetite.

CANADA CONSOLIDATED GOLD
MINING CO., Deloro, Hastings, On-
tario. — (1) Gold-bearing Ores carrying
Arsenic. (2) Crude and Refined Arsenic (Nos.
132, 133, 133a, 133b, 1330, 133d).

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT

PROVINCIAL DEPARTMENT OF

UBLIC WORKS), Quebec.—Sandstones
and Limestone.

CANADA GOVERNMENT, Otta-
wa, Ontario. — (1) Collection of Soils, in
glass tubes. (2) Obelisk, reprosenting the gold
obtained in British Co!umbia during the past
25 years.

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT
(GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL
HISTORY SURVEY OF CANADA—
Director-General, DR. ALFRED R. C.
SELWYN, F.R.S8.), Ottawa, Ontario.—
Collection of Minerals, &c. (For details, see
Canadian Government Official Catalogue.)

CANADIAN GRANITE Co,
Limited, Ottawa, Ontario.—Granite (100),
Serpentine, Marble, &c.

CANADIAN PACIFIC RATLW.
CO., Montreal, Quebec. — Collection
Soils and Minerals of Manitoba and the No
West Territory.

CARTER, CALVIN, Wolfstown,
Powder; Steatite Pencils—from White Ri
Soapstone Mine, (2) Chronic Iron Ore.

CASHMORE, THOMAS, Pembro
Ontario.—(1) Brick Clay. (2) Brick,

CENTRAL ONTARIO RAILW
—Magnetite.

CHAMBERS & MACLEOD, Woll
ton, R. 1, L. 14, Ontario.—Magnetiie,

CHAMBERS, R.E., Leander Nel:
Farm, Brookfield, Colchester, N
Scotia.—Limonite.

CHAMBERS, R. E., Granton Qua
Pictou, Nova Scotia.—Freestone (fi
grained grey).

CHAPMAN, R. H. G., Alfield, R.
L. 10, Pontiac, Quebec.—Dolomite (whi
coarse, crystalline),

CHICAGO AND VERT ISL
STONE CO., Isle Vert, Lake Superi
Ontario.—-Red Sandstone.

CHRISTIAN, C., Hull, Quebec
Hornblendic Gneiss, for macadamised ro
ineking.

CLARK, NORMAN, Palmers
Ontario.—Magnetite.

CLARKE, THOMAS, Salt Spri
Nova Scotia.—Block of Coal.

COBOURG, PETERBOROUG
AND MARMORA MINING CoO.,
mont, Ontario.—Iron Ores—Hematites 4
Magnetite (Nos. 78 to 86).

COLLIE, DR., River John, No
Scotia.—-Sandstone.

COLONIAL COPPER MINE C
Dorchester, New Brunswick. — (
Copper. (2) Mispickel. (8) Molybdenite.

CONNORS, G., & SONS, Cann
King’s County, Nova Scotia.—(1) C
(2) Drain Tiles and Collars.

CONVERSE, JOHN A., Mon
Quebec.—Land and Calcined Plaster.

CORNELL, Bosanqguet, R. E. L.
Ontario.—({1) Clay. (2) Tiles.

CUMMINS, W., Louisville, M
ton, New Brunswick.—(1) Clay.
Stock Brick,

~~

Canada. 109

URTIS, M., & SON, Ontonabee,
ario.—(1) Clay. (2) White Brick. (3)
th Brick, (4) Tiles, (6) Red Brick.

RE a, » Fort William,
o.—Silver Ore.

ETERLING, ABRAHAM, Rertio,
B, L, 29, Ontario.—(1) Clay. (2) White
ck. (8) Clay. (4) Red Bricks,

ICKSON, WILLIAM, Pakenham,
ario.—(1) Limestone. (2) Renssellearite.

OBIE, WILLIAM M., Ekfrid, R. 8,
—(1) Clay. (2) Bricks. (8) Drain Tiles,

RY, JOHNSON, Kingston, Ontario.
ed Brick.

UDSWELL MARBLE AND LIME
Dudswell, Quebec.—(1) Limestone.

Lime.

UFFERIN GOLD MINING Co.,

mon River Hast, Halifax, Nova
ia.—Auriferous Quartz.

UNSMUIR & SONS, R., Union
e Comox, British Columbia.—Coal.

PUIS, —, Joliette, Quebec.—Fire
Marble, &e.

USSAULT, CHARLES, St. Alban
rry, La Chevrotiére, Quebec.—Line-

ARTON SALT WORKS Co.,
wick, County Lambton, Ontario.
Fine Salt. (2) Coarse Salt. (3) Brine.

WICK & SCLATER, 229, Com-
oners Street, Montreal, Quebec.—
p Asbestos, and Manufactures thereof.

IRGUSON, P., Ross, R. 4, L, 21,
0.—(1) Limestone. (2) Lime.

TT, GEORGE A.,, Miramichi,
a Brunswick. (1) Clay. (2) Stock
RSYTH, ROBERT, Montreal,
o¢.—Polished Granife Pedestals,

WLER, G. C., Kilmarnock, On-
-~ artificial Stone: Keystones, Chimney.

wT, M. C., St. Thomas.—(1) Clay,
cks, (8) Drain Tiles.

d in 1868.) SCHOOL

TRICAL ENGINEERING AN

FRID, G., Greenfield, Glengarry,
Ontario.—Fancy Red Brick.

GAIRDNER, R. H., Montreal,
Quebec.— Asbestos, Phosphate, Mica, Serpen-
tine, Slate, Infusorial Earth,

GALBRAITH, R. L. T., M.P.P.,
British Columbia.— Galena (102)—Argenti-
ferous and Auriferous.

GIBBONS, R., Southampton, On-
tario.—(1) Clay. (2) Bricks,

White Brick.

GOOD, THOMAS, Ben Miller Lime
Works, Colborne, R. 1, L. 1, Ontario.—
(1) Limestone. (2) Lime.

GOVERNMENT OF BRITISH
COLUMBIA, Victoria, British Colum-
bia (per the Hon. G. Robinson, Pro-
vincial Secretary).—Native Gold in Quartz.

GRAND RIVER PLASTER CO.,
Gypsum Mines, Haldimand, Ontario.
—Gypsum Rock.

GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY OF
CANADA, Kingston, Ontario. —(1)
Limestone. (2) Bituminous Coal.

GRANT, J., Halifax, Nova Scotia,—-
Collection of the Minerals of Nova Scotia.

GREENSIDE, —, Carleton, Ontario.
—White Brick.

GRIFFIN, ELIZABETH, Laxto.
Victoria, Ontario.—Kaolin.

GRUNDY, H., Harvey. R. 15, L. 14,
Ontario.—Lithographic Stone,

GUNN, A. & CO., Fitzroy Lead
Mine, Chats Island.—<1) Galena. (2)
Galena (Prills). (8) Piz Lead.

HAMBLBEY, R., Bowmanville,
Ontario.—(1) Clays. (2) Bricks. (3) Tiles.

HANES, R., Matilda, Ontario.—Clay,

HARRINGTON »--, Yorkville, On-
tario.—Red Brick.

HAYCOCK, EDWARD, Haycock
Location, Templeton, Quebec.—Hematite
and Magnetite.

Established in 1868.

oy PREM ST my
SUBMARINE TELEGRAPHY,

12, Princes. Street, Hanover Square, London, W.
ger.— Wm, LANT CARPENTER, B.A. B.Sc, F.C.8. A.8.T.E,

laily except Saturday, from 10 to 5, lt the year. Pupils can join at any time, Upwards of 3,200

ay passed through the course, Copies

estimonials from some of the muat Eminent Scientific ang

‘Electricans of the day, as weil as very {ull Prospectus, may be had on pplication Ww the Sceretary,

110
HEFFER, THOMAS, Bathurst, New

Brunswick. — (1) Clay (brown and dark:

grey). (2) Stock Brick. (3) Pressed Brick.

HENDERSON & POTTS, Halifax,
Nova Scotia.—Sulphate Barytes Rock—erude
and ground.

HOGAN, PETER, Westmoreland
Union Freestone, Quarry.—Sandstone.

HOGG, J., Lanark, R. 10, L. 21,
Ontario.—(1) Limestone. (2) Lime.

HOOKER, T. W., Welland, Ontario.
—(1) Olay. (2) Bricks.

HURD & ROBERTS, Hamilton,
Ontario.—(1) Marble Monument, with lime-
stove base. (2) Marbleized Slab.

IRWIN, HOPPER, & CO., Montreal,
Quebee (London Office, 110 Cannon
Street, E.C.).—Manufactured Asbestos.

JAMIESON, C., Beaver Brook,
Hants, Nova Scotia.—Gypsum (polished
column and base).

JAMIESON, J. A., Horton, R. 3,
t }, L. 18, Ontaric.—(1) Limestone. (2)
ime,

JARVIS ISLAND SILVER Cco.,
Jarvis, Ontario.—Ore with Silver.

JEFFREY, W. H., Danville, Rich-
mond, Quebec.—Crude Asbestos (No. 181).

Canada.

KOOTENEY SYNDICAT
Limited, Kooteney, British Colum
Agent, ARTHUR FELL, 46 Que
Victoria Street, London, E.C.),—
Samples of Gold-bearing Quartz. (2) Sil
bearing Lead Ores (Galena). (3) Sample
Quartz, containing gold, silver, and cop
(4) Sample of Fire Clay. (5) Samples
Silver-bearing Lead Ores (Galena).

LAKE SUPERIOR NA
COPPER MINING CO., Point 1
mainse, Lake Superior.—Copper Ore,

LA ROCHE & CO., Belleville,
tario.—-Red Brick.

LEE, JOHN, & CO., St. John, N
Brunswick. —(1) Red Clay. (2) 8
Brick. (3) Pressed Brick. (4) Orname
Brick. (5) Flocring Tile.

LEGAULT, PAUL, 8t. Valenti
Stottsville, Quebec.—Limestone.

LEMANG, RICHARD, ft
Point, Prince County, Prince Edw@
Island.—Bricks.

LEWIS, CAPTAIN, Victoria, Brit
Columbia.—Magnetite.
LIRVRES RIVER LAND 4
PHOSPHATE CO., Montreal, Quel

—Apatite (92)—Phosphate of Lime.

LINGHAM, N., Belleville, On
--~Red Brick.

LIONAIS,
Post Office,

CHARLES, Box
Montreal, Quebe

JENKINS & CHAMBERS, Wollas- | Asbestos.

ton, Ontario.—Magnetites.

JENKINS, CHAMBERS, BROWN,
& CLUTE, Wollaston, Ontario.—Mag-
netites.

JESSOP, J., Victoria, British Colum-
bia.—(1) Gelena—Argentiferous and Auri-
ferous—(104). (2) Boonite (97).

JOHNSON & CO., Thetford, Quebec.
Crude Asbestos (88).

JOHNSON, JAMES, Westminster
R., L. 5} miles west of London, Middle-
3ex, Ontario.—(1) Clay. (2) Brick.

JOHNSON, JAMES, Stafford, BR. 1,
L. 80, Ontario.—Brick Clay.

JONES, JOHN, Marmora, Ontario.
—Auriferous Vein Matter (Mispickel).

JONES, Leslieville, Ontario.
—Red Brick.

KING BROS, ‘Thetford Mines,
Quebec.—Crude Asbestos (88),

—_—
9

' yard, Kenyon,
ricks.

LOMER, ROHR, & CO., 8
House Square, Montreal, Queb
Apatite (Rock Phosphate of Lime), from vs
mines.

LONGMAN, 3., Rawdon, Ont®
—(1) Clay. (2) Bricks.
McCREADY, R. L., Sussex, 4
Brunswick.—Infusorial Earth.
McCULLOCH, W. F., Vict
British Columbia.—Gold and Silver(
McDONALD, C. P. M., Green#'
Glengarry, Ontario.— Limestone.

McELROY, HENRY, & SON,
mond, Carleton, Ontario.—(1) Cla
Brick.

McEWEN, G., Hensall, Hurot ]
tario.— Salt. ° ’ 1
McGILLIVRAY, D., Athole Bi
Ontario.—(1) la

McKEEN, ADAM, & SONS, F§,
Nova Scotia.—Sandatone (fine-graineyy

Canada.

McKELLAR BROG., Fort William,
Dntario.—Gold-bearing Quartz.

McKELLAR & EAMES, R. M.,
hunder Bay, Lake Superior.—sSilver
Dre

MACKENZIE, ALEXANDER, Am-

herst, Cumberland, Nova Scotia.—
nfusorial Earth (Tripolite) from various
ources.

MACPHERSON, JOHN, West

River, Pictou, Nova Scotia.—(1) Brown
kandstone. (2) Grey Sandstone.

L. N., Pointe Claire,
Nuebec.—Limestone.

MARKHAM, ALFRED, Markham-
lie, New Brunswick.—Samples of Man-
anese Ore.

MATHISON, JOSEPH, Lower
*Ardoise, Richmond, Nova Scotia.——
ron Ore.

MILLER, ERASTUS, Park Hill,
fiddlesex, Ontario. —(1) Bricks, and
amples of the Clay used. (2) White Stock
Bricks.

MILNER, COUTTS, & CO. St.
Heorge, Charlotte County, New Bruns-
vick.—Polished Granite Pedestal.

MOODY & NELSON, Victoria,
ritish Columbia.—Silver Ore.

+ MOORE, DAVID, Ramsay, R. 8,
20, Ontario.—Clay.

MORTON, C., British Columbia.—
ilver Ore (98).

MURDOCH, WILLIAM, St. John,
few Brunswick.—Siliceovs Earth.

NEW ROCKLAND SLATE CO.,,
ontreal, Quebec.—PBoofing Slates, and
manufactured. articles of slate.

NICHOLSON, WILLIAM, _ Mon-
gue, Ontario.—_(1) Clay. (2) Bricks.

NIGHTINGALE, THOMAS, 988
onge Street, Toronto, Ontario.—Red
id White Bricks, Drain Tiles, and Sewer
pes.

NIGHTINGALE, T., Yorkville,
Potario.—(1) White Brick. (2) Red Brick.

NORTH AMERICAN CHEMICAL

0., Goderich, Huron County, Ontario,
@\urious kinds of Refined Salt, for dairy and
Mable use.

[Nova SCOTIA GOVERNMENT.
) Obelisk, representing the gold obtained in
" oa from 1862 to 1883. (2) Specimens

| Block of Coal.

111

NOVA SCOTTA.

List or MINERALS SENT BY AND TO THE
GOVERNMENT OF Nova ScoTra ror
EXHIBITION COLLECTIVELY.

GENERAL MINING ASSOCIA-
TION, Sydney Mines, Cape Breton,
Nova Scotia.—1. Block of Coal (1200 Ibs.).

LOW POINT, BARASOIS, AND
LINGAN MINING CO., Cape Breton,
Nova Scotia.—(1) 2. Block of Coal: (2) 3

INTERNATIONAL COAL MINING
CO., Bridgeport Mines, Cape Breton
Nova Scotia,—4. Block of Coal.

SYDNEY AND LOUISBURG COAL,
AND RAILWAY CO., Reserve Mines,
Cape Breton, Nova Scotia.—(1) 5. Block
of Coal. (2) 6. Sample of Coke.

GLACE BAY MINING CO., Glace
Bay Mines, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia,
—7. Block of Coal.

GOWRIE COAL MINING Co.,
Gowrie Mines, Cow Bay, Cape Breton,
Nova Scotia.—(1) 8. Block of Coal. (2) 9.
Sample of Patent Fuel. (8) 10. Coal Fossils.

OLD BRIDGEPORT MINES, Cape
Breton, Nova Scotia (H. MITCHELL,
Manxuger). —-11. Block of Coal.

SPRINGHILL RAILWAY AND
COAL CO., Springhill Mines, Cumber.
land Co., Nova Scotia (W. HALL,
Manager).—(1) 12. Column of Coal. (2) 13.
Block of Coal.. (8) 14. Sample of Nut Goal.
(4) 15. Block of Coal.

JOGGINS COAL MINING Co.,
Cumberland Co., Nova Scotia.—16. Block
of Coal, column.

HALIFAX CO., Limited, Albion
Mines, Pictou Co., Nova Scotia.—(1) 17.
Block of McGregor Coal. (2) 18, 79, Samples
of McGregor Cval. (8) 20. Sample of Coke.

VALE COAL CO., New Glasgow,
Pictou Co., Nova Scotia.—(1) 21. McBean
Coal. (2) 22. Six-feet Coal.

ACADIA COAL OO, Westville,
Pictou Co., Nova Scotia,-—(1) 28. Samples
of Acadia Seam, large coal. (2) 24. Nut coal,

INTERCOLONIAL COAL MINING
CO., Westville, Pictou Co., Nova Scotia.
—(1) 25, Samples of Acadia Seam, large coal.
(2) 26. Nut coal.

BROWN, R. H., Sydney Mines, Cape
Breton, Nova Scotia.—27. Coal Fossils.

BARTLETT, J. H,, Bridgeville,
Pictou Co., Nova Scotia,—28-32, Iron Ores,

112

GOVERNMENT OF NOVA
SCOTIA, Halifax. Stewiacke, Col-
chester Co,—33. Red Hematite (150 Ibs.).

‘ KENNEY, CHARLES, Salmon River
Lakes, Guysboro’ Co., Nova Scotia. —
34. Specular Iron Ore (200 Ibs.).

CALLAHAN, THOMAS, Manches-
ter, Guysboro’ Co., Nova Scotia.— 35.
Specular Iron Ore (200 lbs.),

CUMMINGER, A., Melrose, Guys-
horo’ Co., Nova Scotia.—36. Specular Lron
Ore from Boyleston, Guysboro’ Co.

MOSELEY, Hi. T., Sydney, Cape
Breton, Nova Scotia.— 37. Red Hematite
Iron Ove.

STEEL COMPANY OF CANADA,
Londonderry Mines, Colchester Co.,
Nova Scotia.—(1) 38.-41. Iron Ores, (2)
42. Limestone. (8) 43, 44. Pig Iron. (4)
45, 46. Bar Iron.

NOVA SCOTIA GOVERNMENT,
Halifax. —(1) 47. Chilled Iron. (2) 48.
Bog Iron Ore.

McLAUGHLIN, D., Shubenacadie,
Hants Co., Nova Scotia.-—(1) 49. Silver
Lead Ore. (2) 50. Marble. (8) 51. Marble.
(4) 52, Lime. (5) 53,54. Gypsum and Plaster.

DIMOCK, E. W., Windsor, Hants
Co., Nova Scotia.—55. Gypsum (200 tbs.).

CLOUGH, G., Lennox Passage, Cape
Broton, Nova Scotia.—56. Gypsum (50 lbs.).

NOVA SCOTIA GOVERNMENT,
Halifax. — (1) 57. Polished Gypsum. (2)
58. Concretionary Limestone. (8) 59. Two
samples of Polished Marble.

MOSELEY, E. T., Sydney, Cape
Breton, Nova Scotia.—(1) 60. Manganese
Ore. (2) Pyrolusite (77) from Morrison’s Mine.

STEPHENS, J. W., Tenny Cape,
Hants Co., Nova Scotia.-~(1) 61. Manga-
nese Ore. (2) 62. Manganese Ore.

CARTER, W., Truro, Nova Scotia.—
63. Manganese Ore (50 lbs.).

BROWNE, J., Bridgeville, Pictuu
Co., Nova Scotia, — 6, Manganese Ore
(35 lbs.),

HENDERSON & POTTS, Halifax,
Nova Scotia. —(1) 65. Sample of Barytes,
(2) 66. Sample of Paints.

COXHEATH COPPER MINING
CO,, 8ydney, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia.
—(1) 67, Copper Ure. (2) 68. Copper Matte.
(3) 69. Iron Ore (flux), *4) 70. Limestone
(flux). (5) 71. Slag from pope Ore. (6) 72.
Assays, Charts, Photographs,

Oanada.

JOHNSTONE, L., Stellarton, Picto
Co., Nova Scotia.—73. Copper Ore.

NOVA SCOTIA GOVERNMENT
Halifax.—74. Copper Ore.

POOLE, H. 8., Stellarton, Pictou Oo.,
Nova Scotia.—75. Cubinet of Minerals.

GRANT, J., Halifax.—76. Mineral Col
lection.

EAGAR, M. F., Halifax. — 47.
Cabinets of Nova Scotian Minerals.

RUGGLES, M., Lockeport. —78
Cabinct of Nova Scotian Minerals.

DAVIDSON, B. M., Halifax, Nov
Scotia.—79. Antimony Ore.

ROSS, A. C., North Sydney, Ca
Breton, Nova Scotia.—8&0. Mica.

NOVA SCOTIA GOVERNMENT
Halifax.—81. Mineral Map of Nova Scotia,

ALBION GOLD MINING OO.
Montague, Halifax Co., Nova Scotia.
82. Auriferous Quartz.

CHRISTIE, G. F., Bedford, Halifa:
Co., Nova Scotia. — 83. Auriferous All
vium.

HAYWARD, A, A., Renfrew Gol
Mines, Halifax Co., Nova Scotia.—8
Auriferous Quartz.

NOVA SCOTIA GOVERNMEN
Halifax.—(1) 85. Obelisk showing Go
taken from Nova Scotian Gold Mines, (
86. Auriferous Quartz.

DUFFERIN GOLD MINING CO
Salmon River, Halifax Co., Nova Scoti
—87. Auriferous Quartz.

KEMPTVILLE GOLD . MININ
CO., Yarmouth, Nova Scotia.—8ss. A
ferous Quartz.

FRASER, R. P., Pictou, Nova Scoti
—89. Copper Ore.

Tw

ODELL, A., Brockville, Ontario.
Clays for White Bricks, Red Bricks.

ODELL & SONS, Ottawa, Ontario.
(1) Clay. (2) Stock Brick.

OLLMAN, —, Hamilton, On
—(1l) Clay. (2) Bricks.

British Columbia. — Specimens of A
ferous Quartz and Silver Ores from DB
Mountain.

Canada, te ee

“ORFORD COPPER AND SUL-| ROBSON, J, Victoria. Baush COPPER AND SUL-| ROBSON, J., Victori British
PHUR CO., Capeltown, Quebec. —(1)| Columbia.—Dressed Marble (107).

9
Se near ROOMS EP |” ose aorer et Busesll Onell
OSGOOD, 8. P., St. John, New|—(1) Clay. (2) Bricke

Brunswick. —Freestone, ROSS, The Hon. J. G., and REED,

PAUL, JOHN, Ramsay, Ontario.—| Dr, JAMES, Leeds, Quabec.—Chromic
(1) Limestone (white crystalline). (2) Lime. | Iron Ore.

PEGLER, JOSEPH, Blanchard, R. 7,
i. 3, near Woodham, Ontario. —(1) Clay
(two kinds). (2) Drain ‘Tiles.

PICKSWORTH, PD. 8., Percy R., 1.
117, Ontario. -- (1) Clays taken 10 ft. "and
20 ft. below surface. (2) Bricks.

POCOCK, FREATH, & POCOCK,
merson, Manitoba.—(1) Coal. (2) Maps
lof Coal Seams, &e.

PORT ARTHUR DISTRICT (per
. A. KEEFER, Esq.), Port Arthur,
Ontario. —(1) Virgin Soils. (2) Collection
f Mineral Products in Cabinets, with speci-
mens. (For details, see Official Catalogue of the
Canadian Government.)

POST, JAMES 8., East Templeton,
Quebec.—A patite.

POWELL, J. W., Victoria, British
olumbia.—Go'd Quartz (Cassiar), Silver,
nd Copper (Vancouver).

ROSS, WARD BROTHERS, & Co.,
Shipton, Quebec.—Asbestos.

RYAN, M., Fredericton, New Bruns-
wick,—(1) Clay. & Stock Brick. (8) Or-
(4) Drain Tiles.

SAYLOR, A. B., Bloomfield, Hallo-
well, Ontario, — Clay Bricks, hand and
machine-made,

SCARBOROUGH, CHARLES, Han-
over, Brant, Ontario. —(1) Clay. (2)
White Bricks. (3) Clay. (4) ‘Drain Tiles.

SHEARER, —, Cornwall, Ontario.
SAW, Clay. (2) White Bricks. (3) Red
Bricks.

namental Bricks.

SHEPPARD, —, Yorkville, Ontario.
—White Brick.

SMITH, HENRY, Port Elgin, On-
tario. {hy Clay. (2) White Bricks.

F F SMITH, J. R., St. John, New Bruns-
PRICE, —, Leslieville, Ontario. — _— rid "
1) Grey Brick for Sewers. (2) Red Brick. | wick.—Nataral Mineral Water from Spring at
AGREE MQUNUALN MINING] socrtes,& m, therooke, Quobec—
Silver Glance. d egnrtise

READ, JOSEPH, & CO., Bay Chaleur| _STEPHENS, GEORGE, Montreal,
HQuarries, Gloucester, New Brunswick, | Quebec.—Native Silver.

(1) Sandstones. (2) Hematite. STEPHENS, Hants, Nova Scotia.—
RICHARDS, J. G., JUN., British | Manganese Ore.

olumbia.—Red Hematite (95), and Mag- STEWART, Dr. E. K., Madoc, R. 5,
etite (96). L. 7, Ontario.—Lithographic Stone.
RILEY, EDWARD, Cataraqui R.,

16, Kingston, Ontario. —(1) Clay. (2) STEWART, F, J.; Toronto, Ontario.

Bricks. —Petrified Cottonwood.
ROBERTSON, —, Carleton, Ontario.| STEWART, J., Marmora, Ontario—
Red Brick. Meneghinite.
ROBINSON, HIRAM, Bagot, R.10,| STEWART, J., Madoc, R. 9, L. 1,
7, Quebec.—Celestite. Ontario.—Shell Marl.
ROBSON, B., London, Ontario.— SUMMERS, DAVID A., Winchester,
1) Clay. (2) Tiles. Ontario.—{1) Limestone. (2) Lime.

THE NEW STANDARD DICTIONARY, | “ Truly a National Work.” —SPECTATOR.
Ready, price 12s. 6d. each, Part I., A-Ant; Part Ant-Batten.
\ NEW ENGLISH DICTIONARY ON HISTORICAL PRINCIPLES.
Edited by JAMES A. H. MURRAY, LED.
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** The succeeding Parts will it is hoped be issued every SIX MONTHS, fry the whole will be completed
in TWENTY-FOUR PARTS. PROSPEUTUSES AT ALL BOOKSELLERS’,

Lospox: HENRY FROWDE, Clarendon Press Warehouse, Amen Corner, B.C.
I

114

TALLMAN, , wW., & SON, Beams-
ville, Lincoln, Ontario. — Specimen of
Clay, .

TAYLOR, A. H.,
Wakeiieid, Q.—Apatite.

TILLSON, EDWIN D., Tilsonburg,
Ontario.—(1) Clay. (2) Bricks.

TORONTO AND CARLETON
BRICK MANUFACTURING CO,
Carleton, Ontario.—Red Brick.

TORRANCH, J. FRASER, 16 8t.
John Street, Montreal, Quebec.—!nfu-
gorial Earth and its Products.

TOWNSLEY, —, Carleton, Ontario.
—Red Brick.

TRUEMNER, 8., Stephen, R. 5, L.
15, Ontario—(1) Clay. (2) Bricks.

TUPPER, Sir CHARLES, G.C.M.G.,
C.B., 97 Gromwell Road, London,
S.W. — Amethyst Crystals, from Amethyst
Harbour, Thunder Bay, Lake Superior.

VANCOUVER COAL MINING
AND LAND CO., Nanaimo, British
Golumbia.—Specimens of Grey Sandstone
and Coals.

VAN HORNE, W.C.(V ice-President,
Canadian Pacific Railway), Montreal,
Quebec.—Amethyst Crystals from Amethyst
Harbour, Thunder Bay, Lake Superior.

VICTORIA GAS CO., Victoria,
British Columbia.—Coke and Coal.

WADE, FREDERICK H., Valley
Brickyard, Ekfrid, R. 4, L. 2—(1)
Clay. (2) Bricks.

WALKER, W. H., Ottawa, Ontario.
_-Plumbago and Products from the Buck-
ingham Mine.

WALLACE GREY STONE Cco.,
‘Wallace, Nova Scotia.—(1) Blue Sand-
stone. (2) Grey Sandstone.

WALTON, JACOB, Avonport, King’s
County, Nova Scotia.—(1) Clay (dark red,
laminated), (2) Common Brick. (3) Pressed
Brick. (4) Drain Tiles.

WALTON, JOHN, Agincourt, On-
tario.—Clay Tiles.

WEARNHE, Cc. H. Ww. Toronto, On-
tario.—Galena.

WHITE, CORNELIUS, Shelburne,
Nova Scotia.—Granite.

WHITE, THOMAS B., Anderdon,
Besex, Ontario.—Dolomite (grey).

Moore’s Mine,

| (GEOLOGICAL

Canada.

& MURRAY, Bosan
quet, Ontario.—Two different samples
Coarse {alt from Village, Port Franks.

WILLOUGHBY, WILLIAM, Carl
ton Place, Beckwith, R. 11, L. 17, On
tario,—Brick Clay.

WRIGHT, C. B., Hull, Quebec.-—(1
Limestone. (2%) Lime. (8) Hyd. Limestone
used for making Cement. (4) Hyd. Cement,

WRIGHT, EDWARD V., Ottawa
Ontario.—(1) Argentiferous Galena. (2) Con
centrated Ore.

WYLIE, W. H., Carleton Placo
Ontario.—(1) Magnetite taken from surfa
and a few feet below surface. (2) Pyrite
(3) Limonite from near surface. (4) Barit
(sulphate of Baryta).

CO., Godfrey, Frontenac,
Magnetic Iron Ore (No. 109).

CANADIAN GO
SURVEY). Alluvial
Gold. (For details, see Official Catalogue 0
Canadian Government.)

Crass 2.

Geology.

BROWN, R. H., Sydney Mines, Ca
Breton.—Fossil Plants from the Coal seam i
the pits of the General Mining Association
Sydney Mines, Cape Breton.

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT,
tawa, Ontario. — Specimens illustratin
Kozoon Canadense.

CANADIAN GO
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CA
ADA), Ottawa, Ontario.—(1) Collecti
of Rocks, illustrating the Archean formatio
of Canada (Specimens numbered 1 to 356). (
Complete Sets of the Reports published by ¢
Survey from 1863 to 1886. (Note.—For, Geol
gical Maps, &c., see “ Maps and Reports,” int
Educational Division.)

GROUP V.— MANUFACTURE
AND INDUSTRIAL ENTER
PRISE.

Cuass 1.
Men’s, Women’s, and Children’s Ciotiing.

ALMONTE KNITTING CO.,
monte, Ontario.—Woollen Underclothing.

Canada, 115

ANTICOSTI, an Island in the Gulf
f St. Lawrence, Province of Quebec,
ne property of F, Ww. & TT, a. STOCK.
VELL.—(1) Socks from Hair of Island De

) Coat from Seals caught in Islend. (
ho Islan

AUSTON MANUFACTURING Co.,
brighton, Ontario.—Shoo and Corset Lace

otton),
CANADIAN

GOVERNMENT
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT),
Mttawa, Ontario.—Letter Carriers’ Equip-
ent,

‘CANTLIE, EWAN, & CO., Mon-
pal, Quebec,—Canadian T weeds, Flannels,

ottons, and Underclothing.

CARSLEY, 8., Notre Dame Street,
fontreal, Quebec.—Umbrellas.

CHEESEWORTH, J. W., Toronto,

ork.—Clothing made from Canadian Cloth.

CLAYTON & SONS, Halifax, Nova
cotia.—Complete Suits of Men’s and Boys’

lothing.

CROMPTON CORSET CO., Toronto,

ntario.—Corsets in Satin and Jean.

DOMINION CORSET WEAVING
0., 1062 Post Office, Quebec.—Corsets.

DOMINION HAT CO., Hamilton,

ntario.—Fur Felt Hats.

DROUIN, M., 156 St. Lawrence
eet, Montreal, Quebec.—(1) Hats. (2)
ll-overs, (8) Silk and Military Goods. (4)

elmets, specially adapted for Canada.

DUBOIS, MRS., & SON, Toronto,
itario.—Feather Trimmings.

EDGECUMBE, F. B., Fredericton,
bw Brunsewick.—Straw Hats.

EMPIRE BUTTON WORKS, Mon-
bal, Quebec.—Vegetable Ivory Buttons.

FATRALL, W. H., Post Office 155,

John, New Brunswick. — (1) Men’s
shrinkable Shirts and Drawers. (2) Outside
irts and Hosiery.

FHRLAND, MISS ADELINE, Sorel,
ebec.—(i) A Man’s Shirt, all hand-made.
) A Shirt, made by machine.

GALT KNITTING CO., Galt, On-
rio, — Woollen and Cotton Shirts and
aWers, and Top Skirts.

CREEN, E. K., SONS, & CO., Box

03, Montreal, Quebec.—Felt Hats,

)
ter mo (See the Collective Exhibit from

GUENETTE, EMILE, St. Hyacinthe
Quebec.—Cont and Vest. ;

McKENZIE, MRS. JAMES, U »
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Islan
—Men’s Woollen Socks, hand-made,

MYERS, F. C., 752 Craig Street,
Montreal, Quebec.—Patent Knitted Cotton
Caps and Hosiery.

PENMAN MANUFACTURING
CO., Paris, Ontario. —(1) Quilts, (2)
Shirts. (3) Hosiery and Underclothing goner-
ally, for both sexes, in Wool, Cotton, &,

PIKE RIVER MILLS, Notre Dame
de Stanbridge, Quebec.—Woollen Under-
wear.

RENFREW, G. R., & CO., Quebec,
Quebec.—Coats, Caps, and Gloves.

ROBERTSON, C., Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island.—Suit made from
Island Wool.

s8T, HYACINTHE GRANITE
MILLS, St. Hyacinthe, Quebec.— Woollen
Hosiery and Underclothing,

SHOREY, H., & CO., Montreal, Que-
bec.—Ready-made Clothing.

SPOOR, ENOCH HEBER, North
Stanbridge, Missisquoi, Quebec.— All-
wool Gloves, hand-knitted by the Exhibitor.

STRATHROY KNITTING Co.,
Strathroy, Middlesex, Ontario.—Under-
wear.

THOROLD WOOLLEN & COTTON
MANUFACTURING CO., Thorold)
Outario.—Woollen Underclothing,

TOOKE BROS., Montreal, Quebec.
White and Coloured Shirts, Collars, and
Cuffs.

TYRON WOOLLEN MANUFAC.

TURING CO., Tyron, Prince Edward
Island.—Clothes made from Island Wool.

TURNBULL, CHARLES, Galt,
Waterloo, Ontario.—Ladies’, Gentlemen’s,
and Children's Knitted Woollen Underclothing,
full fashioned. .

TURNER BROS., Montreal, Quebec,
—Suspenders.

AMHERST BOOT AND SHOE
MANUFACTURING CO,, Amherst,
Nova Scotia.—Laced and Buttoned Boots.

BELL, J. & T., Montreal, Quebec.-—
Boots and Shoes.

BERLIN FELT BOOT Co,, Berlin,
Ontario.—Felt Boots and Socks.

-_
bo
OE Oe PCs ee ee Og

116 Canada,

Lanne
COOPER & SMITH, Toronto, On-| HERDSMAN, JOSEPH W., Seaton
tario.—Boots and Shoes. York, Ontario.—Jet Goods, in the form o

jewellery and ornaments,
COTE (LOUIS) & BROTHER, St.
Hyacinthe, Quebec. — Boots and Shoes. MONTREAL OPTICAL ANI
JEWELLERY CO., Montreal, Quebec
DACK, E., & SON, Toronto, Ontario.

—Fine Gilt Jewellery.
—Men’s Superfine Hand-sewn and Hand-made
Boots and Shoes. JAMES SMART MANUFACTURER

ING CO.
FOGARTY & BROTHER, Montreal,
Quebec, — Women’s, Girls’, and Children’s TORONTO SILVER PLATE CO
Sewed Boots and Shoes. Toronto, Ontario.—Silver-plated Wares.

HEATHOW,. W., Victoria, British| BISHOF (G.) ENGRAVING ¢
Columbia.—Boots and Shoes, PRINTING CO., Limited, 169 §

James Street, Montreal uebec.
McPHBERSON, J.; & co., Hamilton, Bleetroty ping, &e, aa 8
Wentworth, Ontario.—Boots and Shoes.

MULLARKY & CO., Montreal, Que-
bec.—Boots and Shoes.

ORR, HARREGAN, & CO., Hamil-
ton, Wentworth, Ontario. — Boots and
Shoes.

PINKERTON & CO., 38 St. Peter
+ oti Montreal, Quebec. — Boots and
Shoes.

RENFREW, G. A., & CO., Quebec,
Quebec.—Fur Slippers.

RICHARD & CO., St. Roch, Quebec.
—Shoe Stiffenings in Teather Board and Lea-
ther, manufactured from waste leather.

SHARPE & MACKINNON, 1687
held Office, Montreal, Quebec. — Felt
oot.

THOMPSON & CO., Montreal,
Quebec.— Boots and Shoes.

WOODLEY, J. C., Charest Street,
Quebec.—Boots and Shoes.

CLERKE, JAMES, & SON, 8t. John,
New Brunswick.—Boot Lasts.

TOURANGEAU, NAPOLEON.

TOWNSHEND, J. E., 384 St. James
Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Bootjack.

UNGAR, 8S. & M., St. John, New
Brunswick.—Shirt Collars and Cuffs.

Crass 8.
Furniture. Decoration.

ARMSTRONG, G., & CO., Montres
Quebec.—Shaker Chairs and Folding Cots.

BENNET FURNISHING CO., Lon
don, Ontario.—Furniture.

BOSDET, MRS. PETER, Arichat
ae Nova Scotia.—Woollen Rk
at.

BRANDON MANUFACTURING
CO. OF TORONTO, Toronto, Ontari
—Collection of Utensils for domestic use,

BURGER, THOMAS, Liverpod
Nova Scotia.—Picture Frames.

CAMPBELI:, D., Lachute,
teuil, Quebec.—Window Blinds.

CANADIAN GOVERNMEN
Ottawa, Ontario.—Collection of Pictures|
Oil Colours. (Exhibited in Eastern Entrang
Hull of Exhibition.)

CANADIAN GOV MEN
Ottawa, Ontario. — Carved Show Cases
Various Woods.

CIMON, SIMON X., M.P., Murr
Bay, Charlevoix, Quebec.—Wood Pulps
Wood Pulp Board, for panelling partitions af
lining under carpets, &c.

COBBAN MANUFACTURING
CO., Toronto, Ontario. — Picture Fr
Mouldings.

DALE, ROBERT E., Ottawa, Onte
—A Writing Desk in Butternut Wood, made
Robert Dale, who has been blind from the #
of six years. ‘

DOMINION CORSET WEAVI
CO., 1062 Post Office, Quebec.—Capg

DOMINION OILCLOTH CO., Mq@.
treal, Quebec.—Oil Cloths.

Crass 2.
Gold and Silversmith’s Work and Jewellery.

ACME SILVER CO.(A. J. PARKER,
President), Toronto, Ontario. — Silver-
plated Ware.

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT (DE-
PARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE),
Ottawa, Ontario.—Silver Brooch of Indian
workmanship.

Canada.

DUNN, P., Céte St. Paul, Montreal,
Ruebec.—Carpet Tacks.

EGGINGTON, JOSEPH A., Mon-
pal, Quebec.—(1) Cut-Glass Door Panels,
2) Bevelled Plate-Glass Mirrors,

EGMOND (VAN), A. G., & SONS,
saforth, Blyth, & Exeter Woollen
fills, Se *forth, Ontario.—* Union ” Drug-
ets and Woollen Druggets.

EVERALL, JOHN B., 194 St. George
treet, Montreal, Quebec.—Solution for
estoring and Preserving Wall Papers.

GALE, GEORGE, & SONS, Water-

e, Compton, Quebec.—(1) Combination

ron Bedsteads. (2) Patent ‘ Dominion” Wire
fattresses,

GOHIER & DAGENAIS,

GRAY, BE. J., Victoria, British Co-
umbia.—(1) Stairs, Handrails, &.; in native
vo a“ (2) Model of Stairs and Lift com-
bined,

GUELPH, CITY OF, Ontario. --A
arge Walnut-wood Frame, containing views of
Guelph.

HARDY, LANSON, Lockeport, Nova
mcotia.—(1) Window Blinds. (2) Folding
‘amp Chairs.

HASTINGS SAW MILL CoO., Bur-
ard Inlet, British Columbia (Agents in
London, MESSRS. HEATLEY, WOT-
TON & CO., 11 George Yard, Lombard
a E.C.).— Table, inlaid with various
woods,

|
a

| HEAP’SPATENT DRY EARTH OR
ASHES CLOSET CO., Limited, To-
ronto, Ontario.—(1) Self-Acting »Bedroom

ommode, with Urine Separating Receptacle.
2) Inodorous Ottoman Convenience.

HEWSON, FRANK, Mouxtreal,
BQuebec.— Art Decorations.

HOAR, MRS. ISAAC, Truro, Nova
Scotia.—Hand-made Hearth Rug, of Canadian
yarn.

1 « The Toronto Globe.

HOODLESS, J., & SON, 51 King
Street West, Hamilton, Wentworth,
Ontario.—(1) Furniture ; Walnut and Marble
Bedroom Suite. (2) Walnut Sideboard. (8)
Mahogany and Marble Bedroom Suite.

HOPE & CO., Winnipeg, Manitoba.
—Fnrniture,

HOPKINS, JOSEPH, Hamilton,
Ontario.—T wo Rug Carpets.

HUOT, LUCIEN, Montreal, Quebec,

— Mirrors.

JOHNSON, WALKER, & FLETT,
Queen City Planing Mills, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Doors.

KENNEDY BROS., Owen Sound,
Grey County, Ontario.—(1) Automatic
Bedroom Commode. (2) A Bedroom Suite of
Furniture, containing three pieces, viz., Bed-
stead, Dressing Bureau, and Washstand.

KRAMER, FREDERICK, Preston,
Waterloo, Ontario.—Hand-made Furniture :
ie aaa Lady’s Writing Table, Sewing

able.

KINSMAN, MISS M., Kentville,
Nova Scotia.—Plush Panels.

LONGLEY, MISS, 8t. John, New
Brunswick. — Sofa Pillow, Panel, Table
Cloth, &c.

McARTHUR, COLIN, & CO., Mon-
treal, Quebec.—Wall Papers, Borders, &c.

McFARLANE, McKINLAY, & CO.
Toronto, Ontario.— Window Shades.

McGARVEY, OWEN, & SON, 1849
1851 .and 1853 Notre Dame Street
Montreal, Quebec.—A Complete Chamber
Set, nine pieces.

‘McNAMEE, B., Sand Bay, Leeds,
Ontario.—Union Carpet (Yarn.)

MALLABY, PETSR, Carlton West,
York, Ontario. — Ornamental Mantel and
Mirror.

~MAY, SAMUEL, & CO., Toronto,
Ontario.—Billiard Tables and Appurtenances,

MORIN, L. P.

©
1)

¥_ THE TORONTO GLOBE has for years held an unquestioned position as “‘ THE TIMES of Canada.”
In circulation, influence, and enterprise, it has no equal among its contemporaries in British North
America. Terms for Advertisements on application. THe Day GLone is sent Post Free to any address in Great
og Dritain and ireland for £1 8s. perannum. ‘Tus WEEKLY Grong, 4s. 2d, per annum.
Chief Office:—KING STREET, TORONTO.

@ Agency for Great Britain and the Continont:—86 and 87, FLEET STREET, LONDON, E.¢C,

118

MONTREAL CARRIAGE LEA-
THER CO. (J. ALEX. STEVENSON),
20 Lemoine Street, Hochelaga, Mon-
treal, Quebec. — Upholstering Leathers.
Patent and Enamelled Leather.

MONTREAL FRINGE AND
TASSEL WORKS, Montreal, Quebec.
-—Furniture, Trimmings, &c.

MUIRHEAD & MANN, Victoria,
British Columbia. — (1) Set of Inside
Wiudow Blinds of Yellow Cedar. (2) Mantel-
piece of Red Cedar.

MURPHY, JOHN, Montreal, Quebec.
—(1) Panel Painting of Egyptian Wall Decora-
tion. (2) Panel Painting of French Renuissance
Decoration. (3) Royal Arms on Glass. (4)
Specimens of Graining.

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING
Co., Ottawa, Ontario.—Chairs, Tables,
Folding Camp-Beds, Ter.s, Marquees, Ham-
mock-Chairs.

OTTERVILLE
ING CO,

PAQUET & GODBOUT.

MANUFACTUR-

PHARD, JESSIE M., Toronto, On- | (1)

tario.—Panel Screen, painted in oils.

PETERBOROUGH LOCK MANU-
FACTURING CO. Peterborough, On-
tario.—(1) Door Locks, Knobs, Bells, Levers,
and Pulls. (2) Chain and Foot Bolts.

PETERS, MISS F. A., Halifax, Nova
Soest —-Desiga in Blossoming Maple for a
anel.

PORT ARTHUR DISTRICT, On-
tario (Per T. A. KBEFER, ESQ., Port
Genes Cabinet Table made of Native

RHODES, CURRY, & CO., Amherst,
Nova Scotia.—(1) Wood Mantels. (2)
Newel Posts. (8) Pair of Front Doors and
Frame. (4) Samples of Mouldings and Turn-
ings in Native Woods.

ROSS, R. W., Guelph, Wellington,
Ontario.—(1) Rugs and Rug. Patterns. (2)
Rugs in process of manufacture.

ROYAL CITY PLANING MILLS
CO., Limited, New Westvzinster, Brit-
ish Columbia.—(1) Doors, Window Sashes.
{2) An Outside Blind. (8) Inside Blinds.

JACOB, Victoria, British
Columbia.—Furniture.

SELLON, MRS. 8. T. N., Live
Nova Scotia.—Stool made from the
Hides, and Tails of a yoke of Steers.

ool,
orns,

Canada,

SHEARER, JAMES, Montreal, Q
bec.—Doors, Sashes, Mouldings, Blinds,
traves, &e.

SIMPSON & CO., Berlin, Water]
Ontario.—Set of Dining Room Furniture.

SLOAN, JAMES F., V‘oronto, Ontari
—Mattresses, with Self-stretching Frames.

STAHLSCHMIDT, W., & CO., Pre
ton, Waterloo, Ontario.—Office and Sch
Desks, the latter with iron standards.

STANSTEAD AND ORLEANS
NEER CO., Beebe Plain, Stanste
Quebec.—Veneer Goods.

STAUNTON, M., & CO., 4 and
King Street West, Toronto, Ontario.
(1) Wall Papers, Borders, &c. (2) Pape
hangings.

STEWARD, A. BISHOP, 743 Crai
8trest, Montreal, Quebec.—Carved W
Mirrors.

STEWART & WHITE, St. John,
New Brunswick.—(1) Walnut Hall Stand.
(2) Walnut Bedroom Suite.

TEES & CO., Montreal, Quebec.—
1) Office and Book Desks. (2) Asso:
Caskets. (8) Wood Carpeting.

THOMPSON, JAMES, Post Offi
1757, Montreal, Quebec. -— Sideboard
Dining Table, Sida Table, Chairs, and othe
Furniture of Canadian Woods.

TORONTO WIRE DOOR MAT CO.
Ong Ontario.--Patent. Steel-wire Doo
ats.

VALLIERE, P., Quebec, Quebeo.—
Furniture.

WATSON, JOHN C., Montreal, Que-
bec.—Wall Papers, Dados, Ceilings, &c.,

WHITE, J., Woodstock, Ontario—
em tak Design Mosaic Table. (2)
metrical Design Mosaic Casket. (8) Picture
Frame, inlaid with different Canadian Woois,
(4) Casket in Foreign Woods and Moulding
(5) Looking-glass, inlaid with Canadian Marb!
and Foreign Woods. (6) Chess Board i
Canadian Woods.

WHITEHEAD, W. T., Fredericton,
New Brunswick. (1) Portable
(2) Samples cf Wood. (8) Wall Map.

WILDER, H. A.,, & CO., 404
James Etreet, Montreal, Quebec.—Spri'
Beds and Bedsteads.

&

Crass 4,
Pottery and Glass.

GRAY & BETTS, Tilsonburg, Oi:
tario.—Rockingham axd Bristol Ware.

' HART BROTHERS *& LAZIER,
ville, Ontario.—Earthenware.

ST. JOHN’S STONE CHINAWARE
0., St. John’s, Quebec.—(1) Table and
‘oilet Chinaware (plain and decorated). (2)
hite Grenite Ware, for general domestic
urposes,

WELDING, W. E., Brantford On-
ario.—-China and Stone Ware.

Crass 5.

Musical Instruments.
BELL, W., & CO, Guelph, Ontario
London ‘Jffice, 58 Eolborn Viaduct,
C.).—Organs in choice woods.
BROILEAU, E., St. Hyacinthe, Que-
c.—Organ Pipes in Wood aud Metal.

BROTHERHOOD, J., Stratford,
erth, Ontario. “Technicans.” (Shown
ith Messrs, Heintzman’s exhibit of Pianos.)

CHUTE, HALL, & CO., Yarmouth,
ova Scotia.—Cabinet Organ.

DOHERTY, W., & CO., Clinton, Hu-
n County, Ontario.—Cabinet Organs.

DOMINION ORGAN AND PIANO
O., Bowmanville, Ontario.—Pianos and
rgansa.

GATES, G. O., Truro, Nova Scotia.—
Vood for inside work of Pianos.

GATES, W. & A., Post Office Box
98, Halifax, Nova Scotia. —Cabinet

rgans.
HEINTZMAN & CO., Toronto, On-
rio.—(1) Pianos: Concert Grand. (2)
arlour Grand. (8) Upright Square.

HUNTINGDON ORGAN CO. (D.
OYD, Manager), Huntingdon, Quebec.
1) Cabinet Organ. (2) Organs, all differ-
nt in size and finish.

KARN, D. W., & CO., Woodstock,

mtario.—T'en different styles of Cabinet
rgans.

KILGOUR, J. & R., Hamilton, Went-
orth, Ontario.—Cabinet Organs.

LANSDOWNE PIANO CO., Toronto,
ntario.—Upright Pianos, all different styles.

UMPHREYS’

The whole of the Iron Buildin
Colonial and Indian Exhibition b
ate, Kensington Road), are FUR

: Office at Principal Entrance, South Promenade.

Canada, 119

MASON & RISCH, Toronto, York,
Ontario.—(1) Pianos: Parlour Grand. (2)
Upright—large, medium, and smull.

NEWCOMBE, OCTAVIUS, & CO.,
Toronto, Ontario. — Pianofortes — Grands
and Uprights.

RICHER, O. H., 210 Christopher
Street, Montreal, Quebec.—'T'wo Violins.

STECKEL, R., Ottawa, Ontario.—
Nickel Piccolo (Steckel’s system), with scale
of fingering.

UXBRIDGE CABINET ORGAN
cOo., Uxbridge, Ontario.— Parlour Organs
of different designs.

WEBER, G. M., Kingston, Ontario.—

Violin.

WILLIAMS, R. 8., & SON, Toronto,
Ontario. — Pianos — Square, Gand, and
Upright.

Cass 6.

Tron and Steel Building Construction. Tronmon-
gery and Smiths’ Work. Ventilation, Heating,
and Lighting.

AKIN, A. C.—Cast-iron Soil Pipe and
fittings.

J. B. ARMSTRONG MANUFAC.
TURING CO., Guelph, Ontario. —
Specialities in Hardware for Carriages, Bug-
gies, and Sleighs (shown in the Carriage Depart-
ment).

prennas IRON WORKS CoO., Limi-

ARMSTRONG, J. 8S. A., St. John,
New Brunswick.—(1) Building Materials,
of Concrete or Artificial Stone, with metal ties
or latches—fire-proof, and cheaper than ordinary
construction. (2) Models, Prairie Settlers’
House, Town House, Church.

BEAUDET & CHINIC, Quebec.—
@) ale (2) Mill Stones. (3) Carpenters’
Tools.

BEER, ISAIAH. (Exhibited in Mineral
Section.)

BOOTH & SON, Toronto, Ontario.
Ped Copper and Brass Goods. (2) Bath
‘ubs.

IRON BUILDINGS.

erected for the Fisheries, Health, Inventions,

J. C. HUMPHREYS orks,
For sizes see Page 252 in Catalogue.
Manager always in attendance.

N.B.—Several Iron Churches, Chapels, Schools, and Public a paren ten
Show, FOR SALE, at the Works (a few minutes’ walk, Kensington °

eh oi eigic Sieh ac aaah a ee

ee

420

BOYD & CO., Huntingdon, Quebec.
—Sashes, Doors, Mouldings, and House Finish-

ings.

BROWN, F. J., & F. E. MUNN, 30
St. Helen Street, Montreal, Quebec.—
Glass Signs, ornamental and decorative.

BRYANT, G., Sherbrooke, Quebec.—
Sashes, Doors, and Blinds.

BULMER &SHEPPARD. (Exhibited
in Mineral Section.)

BURN & ROBINSON MANUFAC-
TURING CO., Hamilton, Ontariv.
—(1) Pressed and S’.mped Ware. (2) Ja-

nned and Brass Wire Bird Cages. (8)

abular Lanterns. (4) Iron and Brass Wire.
(5) Tin Plates. (6) Tinned Sheet Iron. (7)
Sheet Zinc and Brass.

BURNS, JOHN, Montreal, Quebec.—
(1) Wrought Iron Range. (2) Small “*mily
Boiler. (&) Copper Tank.

BUTTERFIELD & CO., Rock Island,
Stanstead, Quebec.—Stocks, Dies, and Taps.

CAMPBELL, WILLIAM, St. John,
New Brunswick.—Axes, Chisels, Stcels,
Hatchets, Gouged Springs, &c.

CANADA HORSE NAIL CO. (W.
W. MOONEY & CoO.).

CARREAUTU, A., 2089 Notre Dame
Street West, Montreal, Quebec.—Patent
Foot-warmer and Patent Smoothing Irons,
Patent Fuel.

CASTLE & SON, Montreal.—Stained
Glass Lights.

CHANTELOUP, E., 587 to 598 Craig |

Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Brass and Iron
Work.

CIMON, SIMON X,, M.P., Murray
Bay, Charlevoix, Quebec.—Wood Pulp
and Wood Pulp Board, for panelling partitions
and lining under carpets, &c.

CLARKE, DARLING, & CO. 86
Turner Avenue, Toronto, Ontario.—
Automatic Window Bulance. (See Class 14.)

CLUTHE, CHARLES, Toronto, On-
tario.—(1) Ventilator and Chandelier (ex-
hibited in Class 14). (2) System of Venti-
lating Houses, Schools, Theatres, &c.

COGSWELL, E., & CO., Sackville,
New Brunswick.—-( ) Stoves. (2) Charter
Oak Ranges.

Canada:

COLE, L. H., & Cco., 214 St. James
Street, Montreal, Quebec.—The J. H
Wood Weather Stripping and Door Sills, for the
prevention of cold ughts, &c., fitted on a
sample door.

COOPER, FAIRMAN, & CO., 42
Foundling Street, Montreal, Quebec.
(1) Patent Stove Pipe Eibows. (2) Wire Rope.

COPP BROS., Hamilton, Wentworth
Ontario.—Stoves : (1) Base or Cylinder Bur
ners (Coal). (2) Cooking Stoves. (3) Ranges
for coal and wood. (4) Hotel Cooking Stove
(5) Cooking Stoves for wood. (6) Parlou
Stove for wood. (7) Box Stove for wood. (8
Parlour Coolting Stove for wood and coal. (9
Copper Reservoir. (10) Six Pots. (11) Threegl
Spiders.

COURLAND, JOSEPH M., & SON
zeraes Ontario.—Coloured and Stained
Ass.

DAWSON, EDWARD C., New Glas.
gow, Nova Scotia.—Tent Pegs.

\

DOMINION BARB WIRE CO., 409
Foundling Street, Montreal, Quebec.—
Wire, bright and galvanised.

DOMINION BRIDGE CoO., Limited
Room 2, Windsor Hotel, Montrealg
Quebec. — (1) Photographs and Plans of.
Bridge Works and Bridges in Iron and Steelfl
(2) Samples of Tests, Forgings, and Shapes it
Iron and Steel.

FLETCHER, JOHN, Toronto, Ong
tario.—Refrigerators. ,

]
FORSYTH, W., Peterborough, Ong
tario.—Hand Pump for Well.

FOSTER, 8. R., & SON, St. John,
New Brunswick.—Nails and Tecks. 1

FOWLER, G.C. (Exhibited in Miner
Section.)

FOWLER, JOSIAH.

FROTHINGHAM & WORKMANS
Montreal, Quebec.—Shovels.

GALE, GEORGE, & SONS, Wate
ville, Compton, Quebec.—(1) Patent Brea
Meat, and Vegetable Slicers. (2) Spring Bedy

GARTH & CO., Montreal, Quebec.-§
(1) Engineers’, Steam Fitters’, and Plumbers
Drasswork. (2) Hot-water Furnace, and A
paratus for warming.

GIRSON, ALEXANDER,Marysv
New Brunswick.—(1) Cotton Cloth.
Butting, (8) Shingles. (4) Laths, Boards,
Deals. (5) Brick. (6) Brick Clay. |

Canada: .

GIGNAC, O., & SON, 128 Prince Ed-
yard Street, Quebec.— Mouldings.

GILMAN, F. G., Craig & set, Mon-
real, Quebec.—Patent Safety Jampers, for
Sreventing stove pipes and flues ..king fire.

GILMORE, GAWEN, Cote St. Paul,
fontreal, Quebec.—Augers, Bits, Boring
ools.

GOHIER & DAGENAIS.

GOLDIE & McCULLOCH, Galt, On-
ario.—Safes.

, GOOLD, EDWARD L., & CO., Brant-
ord, Ontario.—Family Refrigerators.

GRAY, SAMUEL.

GREENING, B., & CO., Hamilton,
Dntario.—(1) Perforated Sheet Metals. (2)

ire Rope, Wire Cloth, Wire Work. (8)
Moulders’ Supplies. (4) Boiler-tube Cleaners,
mand Wire Fence and other Staples.

HALIFAX MANUFACTURING
O., Halifax, Nova Scotia.—(1) Fenerty’s
atent Socket Shovels, Military Shovels, En-
tenching Tools.. (2) Fenerty's Patent Socket
Interchangeable Pans and Handles. (8) Han-
dies of Canadian Ash.

HAMILTON IRON FORGING CoO.,
Hamilton, Ontario.—Iron.

5 HARRIS, ALLAN, & CO., St. John,
New Brunswick. — Brownley’s Improved
Putent Roller Brushes and Sheaves.

HART EMERY WHEEL CO., Hamil-
ton, Ontario.—(1) Emery Wheels. (2)
Paper Wheels, (3) Saw Sharpener. (4) Emery

Vheel Stands,

HAWES & CO., St. John, New Bruns-
wick.—Doors, Sash Frames, Blinds and Shut-
ers, Balusters, Newel Posts, &c.

HAWRAHAN, P. I, Ottawa, On-
tario.—Refrigerator.

HEAP’S PATENT DRY BARTH
OR ASHES CLOSET CO., Limited,
Toronto.—(1) Automatic Dry Earth Closet,
fitted with Wire Separator. (2) Automatic
a Dustless Cinder Sifter.

HENDERSON, D., M.D., 64 Princess
Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba.—Automatic
@ Out-off Gas Burner.

HEWSON, FRANK, Montreal,
Quebec, — Art Signs in Glass ard Wood.

121

HOUGHTON, W. V., Toronto, On-
tario.—A Scarf Shield.

HUMBER, M. (Exhibited in the Mineral
Court.)

HURD & ROBERTS, Hamilton, On-
tario. (Exhibited in Mineral Section.)

IRWIN HOPPER, & CO., Montreal,
Quebec (London Office, 110 Cannon
Street, B.C.).—Roofing Paper.

IVES, H. R., & CO., Montreal, Que-
bec.—(1) Patent Smoothing Irons, with ad-
justable handles. (2) Card of Barb Wire
Fencing. (8) Egg Beaters. (4) Stoves, Stools,
&e.

JAMES SMART MANUFACTUR-
ING CO.,: Brockville, Ontario. — (1)
Hardware and Stoves. (2) Brass and Silver-
plated Goods.

JOHNSON, WALKER, & FLETT,
Queen City Planing Mills, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Doors and other Manu-
factured Woodwork.

KENNEDY BROS,

KERR & KEYS, 517 Lagauchetiere
Street, Montreal,. Quebec.—Patent Low-
water Alarm, for boilers.

KELLER, W. N., Toronto, Ontario.—
Needle Threader.

KINNEY, ISKAEL, Windsor, On-
tario.—Sheet-metal Fabric.

LAIDLAW MANUFACTURING
CC., Hamiiton, Wentworth, Ontario.—
(1) Self-freding Stoves. (2) Cooking Ranges.

LEMANG, RICHARD. (Exhibited in
Mineral Section.)

LEWIS, P., 12 Conroy Street, Que-
bec.—An Adjustable Tent Pole and Ventilator.

LYON, N. T., & CO., 77 Richmond
Street West, Toronto, Ontario. — (1)
Leaded Lights, with figures, in Stained ‘and
White Giass. (2) Leaded Stained and Cut
Glass.

McARTHUR, ALEXANDER, &
Co., 383 St. Paul Street, Montreal,
Qusbec.—-Turred Felt, Carpet Felt, Building
Paper, Sheeting Felt, &c. 2 Avo

McAVITY, T., & SONS., St.. John,
New Brunswick.—(1) Brass, Nickel-plated,
Steel, and Iron Goods, (2) Tackle Block ifit-
tings. (8) Pumps.

McCLARY MANUFACTURING
CO., London, Ontario.—(1) Stoves. ; (2)
Tin, Copper, and Sheet-iron Goods. (8) Stamped
Pieced, ond Japanned Tin-Ware. (4) Stove
Boards. (5) Refrigerator, &c. ead

122 Canada.
MATTHEWS, M., Toronto, Ontario.| POWER, W. E., & CO.
Mineral Oil Lamps.

MILLER, ERASTUS. (Exhibited in
Mineral Section.)

MILNER, COUTTS, & CO. St.
George, Charlotte County, New Bruns-
wick.—Polished Granite Pedestal. (Exhibited
in Mineral Section.)

MITCHELL, ROBERT, & CO., Mon-
treal, Quebec.—Valves, Cocks, &c.

MOORER, E. K., & CO., St. John,
New Brunswick.—Cut Nails and Spikes.

MORIN, lL. P.

MUIRHEAD & MANN, Victoria,
ee Columbia. — Manufactured Wood-
wor

gevarHy, JOHN, Montreal, Que-

NIGHTINGALE, THOMAS. (Ex-
hibited in Mineral Section.) °

OLMSTED BROS., Hamilton, On-
tario.—(1) Counter Scales, Platform Scales.
(2) Vases. (3) Pedestals. (4) Settees.

ONTARTO PUMP CO., Toronto,

Ontario.—Pumps.

ONTARIO ROLLING MILLS Co.,
— Ontario.—Cut Nails, Wrought
ails.

OTTERVILLE MANUFAC-
TURING CO., Otterville, Ontario. —
(1) Carpet Sweepers. (2) Folding Camp-Chair.
(83) Combined Chair and Cane. (4) Samples
of Dowel Rod Fence-Making Tools (Post-hole
Diggers, Wire Strainers). (6) Hand Corn Plan-
ter. (6) Brewers’ Bung-Brushes for Beer Kegs.
(7) Wrench-drive Well Points,

PAQUET & GODBOUT.

PAYZANT, TRUMAN, Lockeport,
Nova Scotia.—Oil Extractor.

PETERBOROUGH LOCK MANVU-
FACTURING CO.

PHILLIPS, T., & CO., Orillia, Sim-
coe, Ontario.—(1) One Set Tin Stove Fur-
niture. (2) Tabular Lantern, with T. Phillips’
Patent Improved Wing attached.

PILLOW, HERSEY, & CO.
. PIPER, EB. O., Toronto, Ontario.—
3) Railway Lamps, Ship Lamps, Street Lamps,
ta Lawn and Staticn Seats,

PONTBRIAND BROB., Sorel, Que-
bec.—Saws.

PROWSE, GEORGE R., Mon
Quebec.—Wrought-iron Cooking Ranges. .

RAMSAY, A., & CO., 16 Insp
Street, Montreal, Quebec.—(1) Embo:
Glass. (2) Glass etched by Acid, and showin
various designs for Ornamental and Adve
tising Purposes. Intended to be seen b
transmitted light.

REED, G. W., Post Office Box 159
Montreal, Quebec.—Refrigerators,

ROBB, A., & SONS, Amherst, Nov:
Scotia.—(1) Parlour or Hall Stove, surfac
burning base heater. (2) Portable Cookin
Range, for soft coal. (8) Parlour “ Franklin
Open Grate. (4) Parlour Stove, close fron
(5) Heating Furnace, for soft coal.

ST. JOHN BOLT & NUT CO,, &,
John, New Brunswick. — Bolts, Long
Screws, Rivets, Washers, Nuts.

SHIRLEY & DIETRICH, Galt,

Waterloo, Ontario.—Saws.

SKINNER & CO., Gananoque, On
tario.—(1) Nickel, Brass, and Silver-plate
Iron Frames and Hooks. (2) Wood Frames
(3) Scythe Sheaths.

SMITH & CLARKE, Victoria, Bri
tish Columbia. — Mouldings and othe
Manufactured Wood.

SMITH, T. B., Truro, Nova Scotia.--
Hone Stones for sharpening edge tools.

STARR MANUFACTURING CO,
Halifax, Nova Scotia.—(1) Skates. (2)
Shovels and Spades, steel and iron, handles of
ash. (8) Nails, Spikes, Nuts, Washers.

STEWART, JAMES, & CO., Hamil-
ton, Wentworth, Ontario.—Stoves.

SYDNEY & LOUISBURG COAL
& RAILWAY CoO., Sydney, Cape
Breton.—Coke.

TALLMAN, W., & SON, Beams-
ville, Lincoln, Ontario.—(1) Builder's
Brick. (2) Drain Tiles. (3) Specimen 0
the Clay used. -

TAYLOR, J. & J., Toronto, Ontario.
—Fire and Burglar-proof Safes.

TAYLOR, W:, Carleton Place, On-
tario.—(1) Oil Cabinet, made from Canadian
hardwoods, with brass pumps. (2) Set of
—_— Measures of polished copper, with brass

8

TODD, J. O., Waterloo, Quebec.—
moothing Irons and Tailor’s Goose.

(2) White Leads.
nd Red Lead ground in Oil. (4) Vermilion

TORRANCE, J. FRASER, B.S8c., 16
t. John Street, Montreal, Quebec.—
1) Patent Boiler Covering. (2) Fire Bricks.

) Stove Linings. (4) Pipe Coverings, &c.
5) Polishing Powder. (6) Patent “ Infusorial ”
ruit Case.

TOWNSHEND, J. E., 334 St. James
t, Montreal, Quebec.—Bootjack.

UNION PUMP CO., Portland, New
‘Brunswick.—Covey & Grant's Patent Chain
ump.

WARNOCE & CO., Galt, Ontario.
mplements, Tools, and Edge ‘Tools.

WARREIY, HENRY H., Céte St.
aul, Moatreal, Quebec. — Hammers,
edges, Edge Tools,

WHEL?LEY, J. A., & CO., St. John,
ew Brunswick. — (1) Ice Skates. (2)
oller Skates.

WILLIAMS, J. M., & CO., Hamil-
n, Ontario. — (1) Sheet Metal, Tin, &c.
2) Stoves and Ranges.

WILSON SBROS., Merritton, Lin-
in, Ontario.—Hammers, Hatchets, Small
es,

WILSON, R. T., Dundas, Ontario.—
1) Axes. (2) Tools.

WINDSOR FOUNDRY CO., Winda-
or, Nova Scotia.—(1) Cooking Ranges and
toves. (2) Heating Stoves,

WINTERMATE & HILL, Tilbury
entre, Essex, Ontario.—Fork, Rake, Axe,
ledge, Pick, Hammer, and Chisel Handles.

WITHROW & HILLOCK, Toronto,
ntario.—(1) “Queen’s” Refrigerator. (2)
ilk Refrigerator. (8) Family Refrigerator.
) Cooling Room.

Canada.

123

Cass 7.

Woven and Textile Fabrics, and Accessories.

BELDING, PAUL, & CO., Montreal,
Quebec.—Sewing Silks, Ribbons, &c.

BLACKBURN, T., & CO., 242 St.
James Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Patent
Waterproof Covering for Textile Fabrics.

BOSDET, MRS. PETER, Arichat,
eile Nova Scotia.—Woollen Rug
at.

CANADA COTTON MANUFAC-
TURING CO., Cornwall, Ontario.—
Cotton Manufactures.

CANADA JUTE CO. (THE), Limi-
foe Montreal, Quebec.—Jute and Cotton
ass. ;

CANADA THREAD CO.

CHARLOTTETOWN WOOLLEN
CO., Charlottetown, Prince Edward
Island.—T weeds, Domestic Weols.

COATICOOK KNITTING CO.,
Coaticook, Quebec.—Knitted Goods. (Ex-
hibited with D. Morrice, Sons, & Co.

COBOURG WOOLLEN CO., Co-
bourg, Outario.—Canadian T weeds.

CORRIVEAU SILK MILLS, Mon-
treal, Quebec.—Silks, Satins, Ribbons, &c.

DUNDAS COTTON MILLS CO.,
Dundas, Ontario.—Cotton Goods.

EDGECUMBE, F. B., Fredericton,
New Brunswick.-—-Homespun All-wool and
Union Cloth Socks and Mitts.

EGMOND a, AN), A. G., & SONS,
Seaforth, Blyth, and Exeter Woollen
Mills, Seaforth, Ontario. —(1) Fancy
Check Wool Flannels, Fancy Check Union
Ais omg Spotted Halifax Tweeds. (2) Woollen

weeds.

ELLIOTT & CO., Almonte, Ontario.
—Canadian 'T weeds.

GAULT BROS. & CO., Montreal,
Quebec.—T'weeds, Cottons, and Flannels.

SADDLERY SPECIALITIES FOR LADIES AND GENTLEMEN,
LEVEL SEAT SIDE SADDLES.
NARROW GRIP HUNTING SADDLES.

Patent Safety Appliances for both.
CIRCULARS AND PRICED LISTS ON APPLICATION.

- V. NICHOLLS & CO., 2, JERMYN STREET, LONDON, 8.W.

124 Canada.

GRAND RIVERKNITTINGMILLS | -_ROSAMOND WOOLLEN CoO., Al
Co., Paris, Brant, Ontario. — Smyrna} monte, Ontario.—(1) Woollen Cloths
Rugs and Knitted Goods. Tweeds, Worsted Coatings, and Suitings

HARRISON, JEREMIAH, & CO., St.
a we New Brunswick.—Spcols for Sewing
otton.

HOCHELAGA COTTON CO., Mon-
treal, Quebec.—Cotton, Bleached and Un-
bleached.

KINGSTON COTTON MANU-
FACTURING CO., Limited, Kingston,
Ontario.—Grey Cotton Cloths. 4

LOMAS, A., & SONS, Sherbrooke,
Quebec.—F lannels.

MAGOG TEXTILE & PRINT CoO.,
Montreal, Quebec,—Printed Cotton Goods.

MERCHANT MANUFACTURING
CO., Montreal, Quebec.—Cottons, Bleached
and Unbleached. . . .

MILLS & HUTCHISON, Montreal,
Quebec.—Canadian Tweeds. -

MONCTON COTTON MANUFAC-
TURING CO., Moncton, New Bruns-
wick.—Cottons. .

MONTREAI, COTTON CO., Mon-
treal, Quebec.--(1) Satteens, Linings, Beetled
Twills. (2) Variety of Dyed Cotton Spools.

MONTREAL FRINGE & TASSEL
WORKS, Montreal, » Quebec. — Silk
ie Tassels, Cords, Furniture Trimmings,

Cc.

MORRICH, D., SONS, & CO., Mon-
treal, Quebec.—Cotton Goods, Flannels,
T weeds, Knitted Goods, &c.

NOVA SCOTTA COTTON. -
FACTURING CO. (W. STE SON,
Manager), Halifax, Nova «Scotia.—(1)
Grey Cotton Shirting and Sheeting. (2) Grey
and Coloured Warps, single and double.

ONTARIO COTTON MILLS CO.,
Hamilton, Wentworth, Ontario.—White
and Dyed Ducks, Awnings, Woven Ducks,
Cottonades, Shirting, and Cotton Sail Ducks.

PATON MANUFACTURING CO.,
Sherbrooke, .Quebéc.—(1) Tweéeds, Travel-
ling Rugs and Plaids. | (2) Military Goods.

PENMAN MANUFACTURING CoO.,
Paris, Ontario.—Knitted Goods.

PERKS, WM., & SON, Limited, St.
John, New « Brunswiek. — (1) Fancy
Checked: ard Striped Shirtings. ~(2) Cotton-
ades. (8) Ball Knitting Cotton. » (4) Cotton
Yarn, Cotton Warp, Two-ply Warp Yarn. (5)
Hosiery Yarn.

(2) Canadian Tweeds aud Cloths.

ROSS, R. W., Guelph, Wellingtor
Ontario.—Manufactured Textile Goods.

ST. HYACINTHE MANUFACTURER
ING -CO., St. Hyacinthe, Quebec,
Woollen Flannels.

SLINGSBY, WM., & SONS, Bran
ford, Brant, Ontario.—Blankets made from
Canadian Wool.

STORMONT COTTON CO., Corn
wall, Ontario.—Coloured Check Cottons
Ginghams, Cottonades, &c.

THOBARN, WM., Ontario. — Gre
Flannels.’

WANZER, R. M., & CO., Hamilton,
Wentworth, Ontario.—Specimens of Work
by Sewing Machines.

YARMOUTH DUCK & YARN CO,
Limited, Yarmouth, Nova Scotia.—(l)}
Cotton Sail Duck. (2) Sail Twine.

YARMOUTH WOOLLEN MI
CoO., Yarmouth, Nova Scotia.—Clotl
manufactured from Nova Scotia Woel.

Ciass 8.

Carriages, Carts, and Waggons. Harness ang
Saddlery, Saddlers’ Ironmongery.

ADAMS & SON, Paris, Brant, On
tario.—(1) Farm Waggon. (2) Tean
Waggon.

ARMSTRONG (J. B.) MANUFA
TURING CO., Guelph, Wellington
Ontario.—({1) Specialities in Hardware f
Buggies, Carriages, and Sleighs. (2) Cartiag
Springs, Sheet Steel Seats, Kc.

BAIN WAGGON CO., Woodsto
Ontario.—Farm Waggons.

BLACKWELL, K. W., Corner 0
Canal and Condé Streets, Montre
Quebec.—Car Springs of various kinds, an
Steel Castings.

BOURNE, WM. B., New Amat
Prince County, Prince Edward Island
—One Single Covered Phaeton.

BOYD, JOHN, Baltimore, Ontari¢
—Single Carriage, with top side bars a
elliptic springs.

BROWN BROB., Danville, Quebec.
(1) Farm Waggon. (2) Democrat Waggon.

Canada.

BROWN, J. W., & CO., Kingston,
bntario.—(1) Landau Carriage. (2) Exten-
ion Top Carriage. (3) Canadian Buggy. (4)
Nanadian Phaeton. (5) Trotting Sulky. (6)
'wo Canadian Cutters.

CANADA HORSE NAII. CO. (W.
Mooney & Co.).

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY
O., Montreal, Quebec.—(1) Manitoba
marmer’s Waggon. (2) Native Red River

CHOQUETTE, H., & BRO. St.
Hyacinthe, Quebec.-~Carriages and Sleighs.

CHOQUETTE, J., St. Hyacinthe,
Quebec.—Express and Buggie Harness.

CLARKE, F. L., 114 Queen Street,
Montreal, Quebec.—Sicigh Bells and Gongs.

CROTHERS, HENDERSON, &
WILSON, St. John, New Brunswick.—
1) Phaeton Top Buggy. (2) Covered Waggon.

CRUIKSHANK, JAMES, & SONS,
Weston, York, Ontario.—Farmer’s Wag-
igon, with detachable springs.

DE WOLFE, JOHN M., North-West
Common, Halifax, Wova Scotia.—(1)
ight Carriages. (2) Spokes and Hubs.

| DOMINION LEATHER- BOARD
CO., Montreal, Quebec.—Leather-board
and Stiffeners.

DUNDAS HORSE SHOE & DROP
FORGING CO., Dundas, Ontario.—(1)
Horse Shoes. (2) Carriage Irons.

ELLIS, WM., London, Ontario.—New
Patent Curry Comb.

FISHER & BLOUIN, Fabrique
Street, Quebec.—Harness and Saddlery.

FOWLER, JOSIAH, St. John, New
Brunswick.—Carriage Springs and Axles.

GANANOQUE CARRIAGE CO.,
Gananogue, Ontario.—(1) Two ‘Top
Buggies. (2) Top Phaeton. (8) Two-wheel
Top Cart.

HAMILL, W. J., St. Catherine’s,
Ontario.—(1) Gentleman’s Road Waggon.
(2) Skeleton or Track Waggon. (3) Trotting
ey: (4) Gentleman’s Speed or Trotiing

eigh.

HAMILTON WHIP CO.—Hamilton,
Ontario.—Whips—general assortment.

HARRIS, J., & CO., St. John, New
Brunswick.—A pair of Washburn “Peericss”
Steel-tyred Car Wheels, fitted on Axle.

125

HAY, JAMES, & CO., Woodstock,
Onturio.—(1)° Chairs. (2) Rattan Chairs.
(8) Children’s Carriage.

HORTON BROS., Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island.—One Phaeton or
Top Buggy.

HUDSON’S BAY CO., Winnipeg,
Manitoba (Agent at the Bxhibition,
T. H. INCE, 156 Oxford Street, Lon-
don, W.).—Dog Sledge and Harness com-
plete. (Shown with the Collective Exhibit of
the Company.)

HUTCHINGS, E. F., Winnipeg,
Manitoba.—(1) Manitoba Ox-cart Harness.
(2) Train of Manitcba Husky Dog Harness.
(3) Cowboy Outiit.

KELLY & MURPHY, Portland, New
Brunswick.—(1) Double Sleigh. (2) Top
Buggy. (8) Extension Top Carriage.

_KILDUFF, PETER, Ottawa, On-
tario.—Horse Shoes.

LACROIX, HENRY, St. Paul Street,
Montreal, Quebec.—(1) Two Buggy Gears.
(2) Sleigh. (8) Top Cart. (4) Buggy.

LAWRENCE, JAMES, & SONS,
Bradford, Ontario.—(1) Buggy. (2) Car-
riage Trimming Work. (3) Horse Shoes,

LEDOUX,B.,131 St. Antoine Street,
Montreal, Quebec.—(1) Close Brougham.
(2) Four-seated Sleigh.

LINTON, LAKE, & CO., Galt, On-
tario.—Carriage Axles, Machine Sct, and Cap
Screws.

McCONNEL, JOHN, Guelph, On-
tario.—Top Phaeton Buggy.

McKINNON, D. W., North Sydney,
Cape Breton.—Section of Waggon Body,
showing Exhibitor’s Patent End Gate Fasten-
ing.

McKNIGHT, P. W., 33 St. Stanislas
Street, Quebec.—(1) Covered Buggy. (2)
Two-seated Waggon. (8) Onc Sleigh.

McLAREN, J. R. JUNIOR, 63
College Street, Montreal, Quebec,—(1)
Children’s Sleighs, Waggons, and Carts, (2)
“ Star’? Toboggans.

MILLER, EBEN, & CO., Fredericton,
New Srunswick.--Canopy-top Phaetons
patent shifting top.

MINCHIN, GEORGE, Shakespere,
Perth, Ontario,—Sets of Carriage Wheels,
ironed and finished with Minchin’s Patent
Spoke and Fetlock Joint.

126

MONTREAL CARRIAGE
LEATHER CO. (J. Alex. Stevenson),
20 Lemoine Street, Montreal Quebec.—
Samples of Carriage Leather, viz., Dash,
Winker, Top, and Collar Leather.

MORGAN BROS., Hamilton, Ontario.
— Whips.

NORTON BROS., Queen Street,
Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island
pene in London, Messrs. 'T. HUB-

OCK & SON, 24 Lime Street, E.C.).—
Gentleman’s Driving Buggy.

PENDER, JAMES, 8t. John, New
Brunswick.—Horse-shoe Nails.

PENMAN MANUFACTURING

CoO., Paris, Ontario.—Putent Horse Rugs.

PILLOW, HERSEY, & CO.

PRICE & SHAW, Portland, New
Brunswick.—(1) Single Sleigh. (2) Side-
bar Extension-top Carriage.

QUESNEL, THOMAS, Montreal,
Quebec.—(1) T Double Cart. (2) Village
Sleigh. (8) Pony Sleigh.

ROBINSON, G. W., Princess Street,
Kingston, Ontario.—(1) Ladies’ Phaeton.
(2) Doctor’s Covered Cart. (8) Covered Buggy.
(4) Pony Cart. (5) Shifting-seat Sleigh. (6)
Pony Sleigh. (7) Child’s Sleigh. (8) Pair of
Patent Shaft Couplings. (8) Spring Seat. (10)
Skeleton Top. (11) Stick Seat. (12) T'wo-
seated Covered Phaeton. (18) Canopy-top
Phaeton. (14) {Canopy-top Pony Phaeton.
(15) Covered Buggy. (16) Trotting Sleigh.
(17) Trotting Sulky. (18) Demecrat Waggon.
(19) Surrey Buggy, open.

RUDD, WILLIAM, & CO., Dresden
Ontario.—Road Cart.

ST. THOMAS CAR WHEEL CoO.

TISDALE (P. G.) CO., Brantford,
Ontario.—Iron Feed Boxes.

VICTORIA WHEEL CO. Galt,
Waterloo, Ontario.—Carriage Material of
Hubs, Spokes, Neck Yokes, and Bent Stuff.

WARNOCK & CO., Galt, Ontario.—
Patent Carriage Springs, with Steel Axles.

WOODBURN SARVEN WHEEL
CO. (THB), St. Catherine’s, Ontario.—
1) Carriage, Waggon, and other Wheels. (2)

heel Material.

YOUNG, E. C., Bridgetown, Nova
Scotia.—Horseshoes.

Canada,

j Leather.

Cass 9.

Leather and Skins. Leather Work and
Needlework. Lace Work.

BELMONT TANNING AND BOO
AND SHOE MANUFACTURING CO,

Whole Hide, Half a Hide,
Hemlock Bark.

BREITHAUPT, LOUIS, & CO,
Berlin, Waterloo, Ontario. — (1) Sole
Harness, and Upper Leather. (2) Kip an
Calf Skins.

CANADIAN RUBBER CO., Mon
treal, Quebec,—Rubber Goods—Shoes, Hose,
Belting, &c.

CLARKE, A. R., & CO., Toronto,
Ontario.—Morocco, Goat, Calf, and Sheepskin
Leathers,

CLOUTIER, ZACHARIE,
Jacques, Montcalm,
Sashes, hand-made.

COTE (LOUIS) & BROTHER, &t.
Hyacinthe, Quebec.—Machine for Measur-
ing Leather and Skins.

DRUMMONDVILLE TANNERY
(Shaw Brothers & Cassils), Montreal,
Quebec.—Salted Texas Leather.

DUCLOS & PAYAN, St. Hyacinthe,
Quebec.—Buff Splits and Stiffenings.

GALIBERT BROTHERS, 22 &,
Catherine Street, Montreal, Quebec.—
Kid and Morocco Leather.

GOURDEAU, FELIX, 8t. Roch Que-
bec, Quebec.—Leather.

GUAX, DESIRE, St. Roch Quebec,
Quebec.—Leather.

HARRIS, HEENAN, & CO., 124
Queen Street, Montreal, Quebec. —
Leather Belting.

HEATHOW, W., Victoria, British
Columbia.—Leather,

SOHNSON & McGILL, Victoria,
British Columbia.—(1l) Side of Harness
Leather, Native Hide. (2) Side of Sole
Leather.

LANDSBERG & BARNEY, Fre-
lighsburg, Missisquoi, Quebec, — Sole
Leather.

MONTREAL CARRIAGE
LEATHER CoO. (J. Alex. Stevenson),
20 Lemoine Street, Hochelaga, Mon-
treal, Quebec, — Patent and Enamelied

8t.
Quebec. — Two

127

MOONEY, G. A., & CO., Montreal,| HOAR, MRS. ISAAC, Post Office

uebec.—Goat, Calf, and Sheop Skins.

PION, A., & CO., 252 Prince Ed-
ard Street, Quebec.—Prepared Calf and
heep Skins.

POLIQUIN, J. H. D., St. Roch de
uebec, Quebec.—Leather.

RALSTON, PETER, & SONS, Mon-
pal, Quebec.—Buff Leather.

RICHARD & CoO., 8t. Roch, Quebec.
Shoe Stiffenings in leather board and leather.

ROBIN & SADLER, Montreal, Que-
ec.—Leather Belting.

ROCHETTE, C., Quebec, Quebec.—
atent Boot and Shoe Stiffeners in pressed
patier.

ROCHETTE, GASPARD, St. Roch
e Quebec, Quebec.—Patent Leather.

ROCHETTE, O., St. Roch de Que-
ec, Quebec.—Leather.

SEIDLER, F., Visitation (Street,
Montreal, Quebec.—Leather—Kid and Cor-
ovan.

} WINDSOR TANNING CO., Wind-
or, Nova Scotia.—Sole Leather.

BENNETT, C. I, Department of
penne, Ottawa, Ontario. — Leather
yor

DUCLOS, MRS. SILAS, St. Hyus-
in a Quebec.—Table Cover in Crazy-
ork.

EVELEIGH, J., & CO., Notre Dame
treet, Montreal, Quebec.—Trunk:, Bags,
nd Leather Goods.

FRANCIS, FRANK (an Indian
hief), Andover, New Brunswick.—
hdian Fancy Work.

GAUTIER, CALIXTE, 8t. Hya-

inthe, Quebec (Contributor through
he St. Hyacinthe Agricultural Society).
Jounterpane.

fHARLOW, J. C., Shelburne, Nova
cotia,—(1) Trunk, “ Lausdowne Saratoga,”
B) Trunk, “Princess Saratoga.”

Box No. 3, Truro, Nova Scotia.—(1)
Fancy Network. (2) Woollen Mat.

MACDONALD, MISS, Halifax, Nova
Scotia.—Crazy-work Table Cover, ade of
900 pieces of silk.

McKAY, M. B., Pictou, Nova Scotia.
—Needlework in Wool.

MASON, LAVINIA, Ingram Arm,
Halifax, Nova Scotia.—(1) Crochet Quilt.
(2) Crochet Tidy.

NAMGISHKING, I. R. (Indian

Chief), Fawn, Ontario.—Indian Fancy
Articles.

PAYAN, MRS. P. F., St. Hyacinthe,
Quebec.—Crazy Quilt and Sofa Pillow.

PION, NAPOLEON, St. Hyacinthe,
Quebec (Exhibitor through the St. Hya-
cinthe Agricultural Society). — Counter-
pane.

POTTER, AMELIA JANE, Post
Office Box 4471, Halifax, Nova Scotia.—
Patchwork Quilt.

ROSS, MRS. JOHN A., New Glas-
gow, Nova Scotia.—(1) Point Lace. (2)
Switch of Hair.

WADE, MISS E., Belleisle, Annapo-
lis, Nova Scotia.—Embroidery, on Black
Satin.

WETMORE, MARY R., St. George,
New Brunswick.—(l) Screen in Beslin
Work. (2) Handkerchief, Brooch, and Lace,
&c.—all hand work.

CLAss 10.

Basket, Brush, and Wooden Ware.
Fancy Articles. Toys. ’

AARONSON, ANDREW A., Post
Office, Victoria, British Columbia.—In-
dian Curiosities.

ASSANEE, NOAH (an Indian
Chief), Penetanguishene, Simcoe, On-
tario.—Indian Manufactures.

BALDWIN, P., Quebec, — Match
Splints, Material for Matches,

Turnery.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

FADIES’ GOLD KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETERS.

In 18-carat hunting, half-

hunting or crystal glass cases, plain polished or richly engraved, ¢-plate, finely j¢ewclled movements, chronometer

balance, specially adapted for all climaies, £18 to

ADIES’ GOLD
\-carat gold cases,
£10 to £21,

£35,

EYLESS HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING WATCHES. In strong
superior finish, fully jewelled movements. Elegant in appeara

» accurate atd reliable,

c:
3
ef

eee

128

BECKWITH, J. B., Kentville,
Scotia.—(1) Ornamental Bead Work. (2)
Textile and Basket Work.

BOECKHW, CHARLES, & SONS,
Toronto, Ontario.—(1) Brushes, Brooms.
(2) Hollow-ware, Woodware, &e.

BOLTON VENEER OCO., Montreal,
Quebec.—(1) Veneer Barrels and Kegs. (2)
Hardwood Veneers, and Veneers generally.

BOYD, JOHN, 1854 Notre Dame
Street, Montreal, Quebec. — Brushes,
Whisks, and Corn Brooms,

BRANDON MANUFACTURING
CO. OF TORONTO, Toronto, Ontario.
—(1) Wooden Goods—Childven’s Waggons and
Carts. (2) Children’s Sleighs. (3) Children’s
Toys. (4) Garden Wheelbarrow. (5) Vegetable
Wheelbarrow. (6) Four bundles of Brush
Handles. (7) One Broom Rack. (8) Two
Boot-blacking Cabinets. (8) One Commode.
(10) Two Clothes Horses, (11) Two Step
Ladders. (12) Four “ Union” Churns, (18)
One bundle “Diamond” Mops. (14) Kitchen
a og igi (15) Three bundles of Wash-

ards.

BRAZEAU, F. X., & CO.,, Post Office
118, Montreal, Quebec.—Indian Goods.

BRUCE, JAMES, Caughnawaga,
Quebec.—Lacrosses and Indian Curiosities.

BURLAND, BROWN, & CO., 164
Post Office, Montreal, Quebec.—Canadian
Iuventions and North American Indian
Curiosities.

CHITTENDEN, C. V. H., Victoria,
British Columbia.—Collection of Indian
Curiosities, and Fancy Basket, Bead, Grass,
and Quill Work, &., made by the Natives of
Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia.

CHRISTIE BROTHERS & CO,,

Nova

Amherst, Nova Scotia. — Coffers and
Caskets.
DIXON, JAMES 8., Berthierville,

Berthier, Quebec.—Views of Berthier-en-
‘ haut and vicinity.
DOWNS, ANNIE, Agricola Street,

Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Birch-bark and
Toss Picture.

DOWNS, EDITH, Agricola Street,
Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Birch-bark and
Moss Picture.

DOWNS, MARY, Agricola Street,
Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Birch-bark and
Moss Picture.

EDDY, E. B., Hull, Ontario.—Wooden-
ware.

FITCH, EDSON, & CO., Etchemin,
Levis, Quebec.

Canada.

FRANCIS, FRANK (Indian Chi
Andover, New Brunswick. — Indii
Fancy Work,

FRANCIS, MICHAEL (an Indian)
Rocky Point, Prince Edward Island
—Wooden Shovel, Indian make.

GATES, G. O., Truro, Nova Scot
—Specimens of Wood for inside work of Piano

GOULETTE, O. V.,
Ontario.—(1) Handles for Edge Tools, (¢
Implements aud Tools of every description. Ny
Escutcheons. (4) Furniture Kuobs and
settes. (5) Patent Wheel Heads. |

HAWES & CO, St. John, Nev
Brunswick. — Clothes and Towel Rac
Bread and Meat Boards, Table Legs, &e.

HEARN & HARRISON, Montres
Quebec.— Stereoscopic Views,

HUDSON’S BAY CO., Winnipeg
Manitoba (Agent at Exhibition, T

INCE, 156 Oxford Street, London).
Collection of Articles of Indian make.

JOHNSTON, JOHN, Scugog, On
tario.—Indian Baskets and Fancy Work, maie
from Split Wood, Sweet-scented Houay Wood.
Birch Bark, and Porcupine Quills.

KECHECHEMON (a Chief), Salem
West, York, Ontario. — Fancy Work
Baskets, Paddles, &c.

LANG, C., Victoria, British Colum
bia.—Seaweed Picture Frame,

McKEHB, WILLIAM, 685 Craig
Street, Montreal, Quebec. — Bar Bell
Clubs, Dumb Bells.

McLAREN, J. R., 63 College Stree
Montreal, Quebec.—Wood Turning.

MARVEN, MRS. W. H., 8t. Johr
New Brunswick.—Bark Pictures. ,

MAYNARD, R., Post Office, Bo:
75, Victoria, British Columbia.—-Ph
tographic Views.

MEGIS, PETER (Indian Chie
Parry Sound, Ontario. —(1) Baske
Mats, Birch Bark Articles. (2) Bead Work
(8) Snow Shoes, &e,

MITCHELL, THOMAS, Hamiltor
Ontario.—Corn Brooms and Whisks.

NELSON, H. A., & SONS, Mont GU
Quebee,—Corn Brooms and Whisks.

NEWBERY, ARTHUR, Charlotiq
town, Prince Edward Island.—Phot
graphic and other Views and Maps of Prine
Edward Island,

Gananoqu

Canoda.

NORMAN, N. T. (care of H. A.
NELSON & SONS), Montreal, Quebec.
Baby Jumpers.

ORCHARD, R. W., Brontford, On-

0.—(1) Lacrosse Sticks of different make
nd size. (2) Snow Shoes, (8) Toy Lacrosee
Sticks. (4) Tobogyaus, &c.

PANE, JAMES (Chief, Miamac
adians), Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia.
-Indian Manufactures.

PARADIS, HUBERT, St. Romauld,
Levis, Quebec.—Matches.

PEACOCK, WILLIAM, Montreal,
Quebec.—Cricket Bats.

PHAIR, J. HENRY, Fredericton,
New Brunswick.—(1) Birch Bark and
Bark Pictures, and Portfolios. (2) Ivory.

PITT, NICHOLAS, 117 King Street,
Montreal.—Model in Wood of Ice Palace,
Montreal Carnival, 1884.

POPE, MARGARET, Summerside,
Prince Edward Island.—(1) Two Panels:
ndian aud Squaw painted thereon. (2) Two
Toboggan Canadian Winter Scenes, (3) A
Plush Banner Knife Painting.

PORT ARTHUR DISTRICT, On-

o (per T. A. KEEFER, Esq., Port

Arthur).—Indian Arrow Heads, War Clubs,
Pipes, Sheath Knife and Case.

POWELL, J. W., Victoria, British
Columbia.—Three Carved Figures by Hydah
Indians, representing Medicine Spirits.

PROSPER, F Summerside,
Antigonishe, Nova Scotia.—(1) Canoes.
8) Toboggans. (8) Snow Shoes.

RENFREW, G. R., & CO., 35 Buade
mtreet, Quebec (Agent in England, J.
A, NOTT, 6 Gordon Street, W.C., Lon-
ion).—Furs, Indian Curiosities, &c.

RHODES, CURRY, & CO., Amherst,
Nova Scotia.—Turnings and Mouldings in
Native Woods.

ROGERS, MRS. J. N., St. John,
New Brunswick.—Bark Work.

ROYAL CITY PLANING MILLS

CO., Limited, New Westminster, Bri- | (P

ish Columbia.—Turnings in various Woods.

. SHARMAN, A., 16 Knightrider
pireet, London, E.C.—Composition Picture.
om birch bark and moss, representing an old
ruin near Hostermans, North West Arm, Hali-

ax, Nova Scotia. C a

129

SIMMS, T.8., & CO., St. John, New
Brunswick.—Brushes and Corn Brooms.

SMITH, PROFESSOR, Lachute,
Quebec.—Miniature Cottage, made of cork
and spruce boughs,

STEMSHORN, C., 141 Hollis Street,
Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Indian Goods:
(1) Indian Basket, Bead, and Quill Work. (2)
Moccasins. (8) Pipes. (4) Fanvy Articles in
Bark, Skin, and Feathers.

SUSSEX WOOD MANUFACTUR-
ING CO., Sussex, New Brunswick.—
(1) Tool Handles. (2) Spools. (8) Other
Turned Work.

THOMAS, ALEXANDER (an
Indian), Rocky Point, Queen’s County,
Prince Edward Island.—Three Baskets
(Indian make).

THOMPSON, W. J., St. John, New
Brunswick.—(1) Fancy Goods in Basket,
Bark, Feather, Poreupine Quill, and other
Work. (2) 'T.boggans. (8) Snow Shoes. (4)
Moccasins. (5) Canoes, &c.

TONEY, MRS. Sawmill Creek,
Annapolis, Nova Scotia. — Basket and
Fancy Work.

TOMAS, FRANCIS (Indian Chief),
Aaa ae New Brunswick.—lIndian
‘ares.

WHITE, DAVID C., Hamilton,
Ontario.—Ornamental Wood Turning.

WHITEHEAD & TURNER, Quebec.
—Brooms, Brushes, and Woodenware.

WILLIAMS, H., Toronto, Ontario.
—Indian Curiosities.

WILMOT, PETER (Indian Chief),
pel . nsanve Scotia.—Indian Work in wood
an ark.

WINTERMATE & HILL, Tilbury
Centre, Essex, Ontario.—General Assort-
ment of Woodenware.

Cuass 11.

Paper, Stationery, Painting and Drawing
aterials, Printing, Bookbinding, &e.

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT
OST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT),
Ottawa, Ontario.—Post Office Stationery,
&e.

ATKINSON BROS., 35-37 King
Street East, Hamilton, Ontario, —
Christmas Card:.

K

————

ei ioe

1380 Canada.

BISHOP, GEORGE, ENGRAVING
PRINTIN

G CO., Limited (GHORGE
BISHOP, Man Director), 169 St.
James Street, Montreal, Quebec.—En-

graving, Lithography, Printing, Photo-engrav-
ing, Die-sinking, Polour Stamping, Electrotyp-
ing; &e,

BRITISH NORTH AMERICA
BANK NOTE CO., Montreal, Quebec.
_Stvel Plate Engraving, including Bank Notes,
Railway Bonds, Postage Stamps, Post Cards, &e.

BURLAND LITHOGRAPHIC CO.,
Limited, Montreal, Quebec.—Maps and
Lithographic Work.

CANADA BANK NOTE ENGRAV-
ING & PRINTING CO., Montreal,
‘Yuebec.—Stevl Engraving, Autotype Colour
Printing, Maps, &e.

ROLPH, SMITH, & CO., Toronto,
Ontario.—(1) Lithographic Drawing, plain
and in colours. (2) Embossing and fllumi-
nating.

SOMERVILLE, BENALLACK, &
Co., Montreal, Quebec. —Specimens of
Commercial Lithographic Work.

STEVENS, H. T., Moncton, New
Brunswick.—Blank Account Books and Spe-
cimens of Printing.

TORONTO LITHOGRAPHING
CO., Toronto, Ontario. — Specimens of
Lithographing and Engraving.

BEATTY, SAMUEL, Toronto,
County York, Ontario.—Noewspaper en-
titled The Canadian Breeder,

BIGGAR, BE. B. (Exhibited in Class 12.)

BROWN BROS., Toronto, Ontario.
—Accour‘ Books, Bookbinding, Diaries, Leather
Goods, &e.

CANADA PAPER CO., Montreal,
Quebec.—Canadian-made Papers.

CANADA PRINTING INK co.,
Toronto, Ontario.—Printing Ink.

CANADIAN COMMISSION, Exhi-
bition Building.—Copies of the Nev.spapers
published in Canada.

“CANADIAN MANUFAC.
TURER” Publishing Co. Limited,
Public Library Buildings, Toronto,
Ontario.—Specimen Sheets of the Canadian
Manufacturer.

# CHEESEWORTH, WILLIAM L.,

“Toronto, Ontario.—'Fhe Tailoi’s Compen-

dium, Measure, and Account Book,

DOMINION PAPER CO., Mont
Quebec.—Printing, Book, Coloured, Hangir
and Manilla Papers.

DOMINION TYPEFOUNDIN
CO., 15 Chenneville Street, Montre
Quebec.—A Case of Job Type.

ELLIS, ROBERTSON, & CO., &
yeas New Brunswick.—Job Printing
um,

FLEWWELLING, FRED. B.,
John, New Brunswick.—Printing.

FORTIER, JOSHPH, 458 §&
James Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Bla
Account Books, and Specimens of Bookbindin

FREEMAN, H. J., Summersic
Prince Edward Island. — Bookbinding
“The Summerside Journal.”

HICKS, 8. N., 223 McGill Stree
Montreal, Quebec.— Show Cards, Adve
tising Mediums, Decorative Mottoes.

HUNGERFORD, W. A., Bellev
Hastings, Ontario.—“ Hunter & Hunge
rani Patent Wrapping-paper Holder a

utter,

INGERSOLL UNION PUBLISH
ING CO. (J. F. MORREY), Ingersoll
Ontario.—* Morrey’s Business and Farme
Directory.”

IRWIN, HOPPER, & CO., Montre
Quebec (London Office, 110 Canno
Street, E.C.).—(1) Water, Fire, and Aci
proof Paper; and (2) Paper Stock for tl
Manufacture of Acid Chambers, Funnels, au
Tubings. (8) sae ip Cartridge
(4) Roofings; and (5) for Lining Petrole
Vats, (6) Packing Cases and Trunks.

LAWSON, J. MURRAY, Yarmoutl
Nova Scotia.—(1) Title Record of the Sh

ing of Yarmouth. (2) Title Record of ti
Shipping of Yarmouth, with Appendix,

“LE MONDE” JOURNAL, Ma
treal, Quebec (J. LESSARD, Agen
1650 Notre Dame Street, Montreal).
Photograph of the Press from which the Tous
is printed.

McNAIRN, J. H., & CO., Toront

Ontario.—Tissue and other Thin Paps
coated with Paraffin. '

METHODIST BOOK & PUBLIS!
ING HOUSE (WILLIAM BRIGG
Book Steward), Toronto, Ontario.
Printing, Binding, Electrotyping, and Ste
typing.

MOTT, T. PARTHON, St. J
New Brunswick.—Tho “Trade Repot,
Newspaper,

BW BNGLAND PAPER CO.
ntreal, Quebec.—Card, Printing, Ma-
and Wrapping Papers.

WBO KEYLESS STRHET-

ER CO., Toronto, Ontario.—Patent
Jess Artista’ Stretchers.

ODWELL. GEORGE T. B,,
fonto, Ontario.—Hand Stamp for Etching
Ste ol.

OLLAND PAPER CoO., St. Jéréme,
Montreal, Quebec. — Varieties of
ber: Note Paper, Foolscap, Flatcaps, and
Bristol-board, Book and News Paper,
inred Paper.

ROLPH, SMITH, & CO., Toronto,
tario.—(1) Christmas Cards. (2) Labels.
Menus. (4) Wedding Invitations, (5)
pper-plate Engraving.

CHLIOHT & FIELD CO., Toronto,
ario. —(1) Office Filing Cabinets, (3)
ter and Bill Files. (3) Binding Cases, (4)
ce Labour-saving Devices.

BARS, J. C., Toronto, York County,
tario.— White Enamelled Letters and
ures for Signs, &o.

(PPITT, BURDITT, & CO. 8&t.
hn, New Brunswick.—The “ Provincial
culturist” Newspaper.

TORONTO GLOBE” NEWS-
PER, 26 & 28 King Street, To-
to, Ontario (London Office, 86
87 Fleet Street, B.C. Agent,
A. Judges).—(1) Files of “The Toronto
bbe” as now published, with specimen
ies of the paper as originally issued when
blished in 1844, to show the development of
malism in Canada during the Pave forty
rs. Illustrated Plate presented with Special
stmas Number, 1885. (2) Register for
adian Visitors.

ORONTO PAPER CO. (J. YOUNG,
hager), Cornwall, Stormont, On-
0.—Paper.

‘ELD, W., London, Ontario.—(1)

is, Newspa and Periodicals. (2)

brayings and Lithographs.

WILSON, J. C., & CO., 584 Craig
st, Montreal, Quebec. — (1) Paper,

ting of Manilla of different kinds. (2)

0 Paper Bags and Envelopes,

Criass 12.

Machinery and Machine Tools.
ERTRAND, F. X., St. Hyacinthe,
sbec.—Shingle Machine, in motion,

GGER, H. B., Montreal, Quebsc.—
ting Press, Type, Paper, and Fittings for
rspaper Woyk, shown in operation,

Canada.

181

BUTTERFIELD & CO., Rock Island,
Stanstead, Quebec. — Stocks, Dies, and
Taps for hand use and machines.

CANADA THREAD CoO.

COCHRANE, W. F., Hamilton,
Ontario.—Double Roller Mills, for Crushing
Grain and Making Flour, known as “ Cochrane's
Flour Roller Mills,” with relief-gear mechanism,

CARREAU, A., Montreal, Quebec,—
Patent Steam Boiler,

COTH (LOUIS) & BROTHER, St.
Hyacinthe, Quebec,—Machine for Measur-
ing Leather and Skins,

COWAN & CO., Galt, Ontario.—
(1) Double Cope Tenoning Machine. (2) A
ate Morticing Machine. (8) A Pony Surface

aner.

CREELMAN BROTHERS, George-
town, Ontario (Agent in England,
Mr. W. M. HARRISON, 128 Portland
Street, Manchester).—Knitting Machines:
(1) Special Ribbing Machines (manufacturin .
(2) Plain Machine (manufacturing). (3) Rib.
ing Machine (family). (4) Plain Machine
(family).

DENNIS, Cc. W., Toronto, Ontario.—
Washing Machine.

DUBOIS, LOUIS, B, Toronto,
Ontario.—Improved Pedal for Hand Looms.

DUNN, P., Céte St. Paul, Montreal,
fee Stat Nail Machine, with self-feeder,
in motion.

FRECHETTH, ISAT#, St. Hyacinthe,
Quebec.—“ Eureka” Shingle Machine.

GARDNER, ROBERT, & SON, Mont-
real, Quebec.—Biscuit Machinery.

GRAY, SAMUEL, Victoria, British
Columbia.—Model of Twin Stairs, Light and
Ventilating Shaft, and Screw Elevator combined,

GURNEY & WARE, Hamilton,
Ontario.—Weighing Machines.

HAMILTON INDUSTRIAL
WORKS CO., Hamilton, Wentworth,
Nova Scotia.--Clothes Wringers, Mangles,
Washing Machines, Churns, \arpet Sweepers.

HA HEENAN, & CO., 124

RRIS,
Queen Street, Montreal, Quebec.—

Leather Belting.
HARRISON, JEREMIAH, & Co.

HAY, PHTER, Galt, Waterloo,
Ontario.—Machine Knives,

K 2

132

HOPKINS, JOSEPH, Hamilton,
Ontario.—A Model Hand Carpet Loom, made
by an amateur mechanic.

INGLIS & HUNTER, Toronto,
Ontario.— Corless” Steam Engine, 100 H.P.
“ Westinghouse ” Engine, 35 H.P.

KENNEDY, WILLIAM, & SONS,
Owen Sound, County Grey, Ontario.—
Pearson’s Patent Sharpened Propeller Wheel,
with movable blades.

KERR & KEYS.

McGREGOR, GOURLAY, & CO.,
Galt, Waterloo, Ontario.—Iron Machinery
Power for working Wood.

McKECHNIE & BERTRAM,
Dundas, Ontario.—Lathes, Planers, Mould-
ing Machine, Cutting-off Machine, Bolt Cutter,
Iron Shaper, Milling Machine, Drilling Machine,
Wood-mortising Machine, Bead Saw, in motion.

MARTEL, A. F., 165 Amhurst Street,
Montreal, Quebec.—Self-acting Motor.

ONTARIO PUMP CO., Toronto,
Ontario. —(1) ‘One 10-feet “ Halladay ”
Standard Pumping Windmill, with Pumps
attached, in working order. (2) One 18-feet
“ Halladay ” Standard Railroad Windmill. (38)
One 14-feet “Halladay” Standa:i Windmill,
geared, with Towers.

PETTNER, B. J., 39 William Street,
Montreal, Quebec.—(1) Boot and Shoe
Machinery, in motion. (2) Patent Cutting
Boards.

QUACO WOOD MANUFACTUR-
ING CO., St. John, New Brunswick.—
Spools, Bobbins.

RAYMOND, CHARLES, Guelph,
Ontario.— Hand and Treadle Sewing
Machines. F

RIEPERT & SOMERVILLE, Mont-
se Quebec.—<Automatic Liquid Measuring
anks,

ROBIN & SADLER, Montreal,
Quebec.—Leather Belting.

RODWELL, GEORGE T. B,,
Toronto, Ontario. — Combination Rubber
Stamp Machine.

ROSS, R. W., Guelph, Wellington,
Ontario.—“ Novelty” Rug Machine.

RUSSELL, J., St. John, New Bruns-
wick.—Snow Plough.

SHELLE, A., 129 St. Philippo Street,
Montreal, Quebec.—Patent Sewing-Machine
Needle Threader. ’

Canada.

“THOMPSON & CO., Sherbro«
Quebec.—Bobbins and Spools.

TORONTO KNITTING MAC TM
CO., Toronto, Ontario.—Family Knitt
Machine.

WANZER, R. M,, & CO., Hamilt
Wentworth, Ontario.—Sewing Machi
and Specimens of Sewing-Machine Work.

WHITE, ROBERT, Mon
Quebec.—Shoe Counter Machinery.

WILLIAM HAMILTON MAI
FACTURING CO., Pueterboro
Ontario.—(1) Saw Sharpeners for Mill §
in motion. (2) Saw Bench for Dressing
Hammering Mill Saws. (8) Saw Swadge
Swadging Saw Teeth, worked by hand. {
Illustrations of Sawmill Machinery built |
used by the Exhibitors in the Manufactu
Lumber.

WILLIAMS MANOFACTURIN
GO., Montreal, Quebec.—Sewing Machi

WILSON, FRANK H., & COC., ¥
mouth, Nova Scotia.—Two-power Capsta

WOOBURN, J. R, & CO,
John, New Brunswick. — Machine
motion) for pulverizing Sugar and other fria
substances to an impalpable powder.

ALBION IRONWORKS C
Limited, Victoria, British Columbis
Photographs of Marine and Land Engines, Fi
canning Machinery, &c.

WALLACE, HOWARD D,
George, New Brunswick.—Photograph
Stone-dressing Machine,

Crass 13.
Navigation. Ship and Boat Building.

ANDERSON, THOMAS, Winc
Nova Scotia.—Model of a Schooner.

ANLY, A. Y., Port: Medway, Ne
Scotia.—Glass Balls and Trucks for Ves

BACHMAN, ALBERT, Shelbv
Nova Scotia.—Patent Main-sheet Block

BENHAM, I,OUIS C., Lockep«
Nova Scotia,—Shivs Blocks, lignum
centre.

BUTLER, ALBERT, Yarmo
Nova Scotia.—(1) Dories. (2) Dory.

CANADIAN GOVERNMEI
Ottawa, Ontario.—(1) Indian o x
Canoe made from Cedar. (2) Indian Pinel
Canoe. (8) Indian Cottonwood Canoe,

Canada,

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT
DEPARTMENT OF AGRI-
ULTURE), Ottawa, Ontario.—Model
orthern Canoe, with Paddles, Sails, &c.

CANADIAN GOVERN "IENT
EPARTMENT OF MARINE AND
ISHERIES), Ottawa, Ontario.—
del of Government Steamer “ Lansdowne.”

CHISHOLM, GEORGE H., Port
edway, Nova Scotia.—Model of a Monitor
an-of-War Ship.

CLUTHE, CHARLES.

ONRAD & ANDERSON, Lunen-
rg, Nova Scotia.—(1) A Boat. (2) Three
wwl-fishing Dories.

COOMBS, HENRY F., St. John, New
runswick (for Self and Others).—(1)
adel of an improved Metallic Life Boat. (2)

del showing the application of Life-saving
ppliances to ordinary Ships’ Boats.

CROWELL, ISAAC C., Shelburne,
ova Scotia.—One Bank Fishing Dory, full

ELLIS, ISAAC D., Maitland, Hants,
ova Scotia.—Model of a Ship.

EMBREE, H. W., & SONS, Port
awkesbury, Cape Breton, Nova
rotie.—(1) Model of Pr Yacht. (2) Improved
mily Row-Boat, fitted with Sail. (3) An
(pealhonk Esquimaux Kayak from the N.E. coast

ok gp tetrad YD De Oe a
proug. n o (Agents Englan
OWLAND, WARD, & CO., 166

iccadilly, London, W. }.—Open Canoes.

FAIRBANKS, LEWIS P., Dart-
outh, Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Model of

gn for better application of Screw Propeller
Ships of War, Merchant Ocean Steamers,
d Vessels navigating Canals.

BS ERGUSON, JAMES 8., Pakenham,
ntario.—Sulmon-fishing Cauoe.

GALE, ROBERT, Harrison Street
@ortland, New Brunswick.—Model of
tent Anchor.

if : ESTAB.
qa 100 YEARS,
BB
rE
| of FULL DETAILED PRICE LIST ON APPLICATION,
TE For Abbreviated Particulars see Foot Notes on pages

BARTON & COMPANY. 100 YEARS,

WINES, SPIRITS, and LIQUEURS.

133

GILBERT, GEORGE G., 8t. John,
New Brunswick. — Anchor -Catter and
Fisher, patented, and entitled Purdy’s “ Patent
Anchor-Catter.”

GORDON, THOMAS, tae
Peterborough, Ontario (Agents
England, Messrs. RO WARD.
& CO., 166 Piccadilly, London; W.).
—Assorted Canoes.

GRIDLEY, W. H., Yarmouth, Nova
8c \tia.—Patent Ship’s "Piller—wrought i iron,
hand-forged.

HARLOW, STEPHEN, Lockeport,
Nova Scotia.—Models of Fishing Schooners
and of Brigantines.

HARRIS, ALLEN, & CO., St. John,
New Brunswick.—Ship’s Gongs.

HASTINGS SAW MILI CO.,,
Burrard Inlet, British Columbia.
(Agents in London, Messrs. HEATLEY,
WOTTON, & CO., 11 George Yard,
Lombard Street, E.C.)}—Spars.

HERALD & HUTCHISON, Gcre’s
Landing, Northumberland, Ontario. =
Three Cunoes, made from Cedar, Basswood,
Oak, Rock Elm, and Butternut, and sometimes
ee Walnut, fastened with copper ana copper
nails,

HOOD, ARTHUR, Shelburne, Nova
Scotia.—Model of Schooner, “ Arthur.”

HUDSON’S BAY CO., Winnipeg,
Manitoba.—Birch Bark Canoe. (See the Col-
lective Exhibit by the Company.)

KING, C. C., Shelburne, Nova
Scotia. —(1) Model of a Fishing Schooner.
(2) Model of a Coaster,

LANGILLE, TITUS, Mahone Bay,
Nova Scotia.—(1) Model of a Ship. (2)
Model of a Brigantine. (3) Model ofa Fishing
Schooner. (4) Miniature Fishing Schooner.

LAWRENCE, WILLIAM D., Mait-
land, Hants, Nova Scotia.—Models of
Ships built in Exhibitor’s yards: “W. D,
Lawrence.” Clipper Ship. Clipper Ship.

LOVITT, WILLIAM P., Yarmouth,
Nova Scotia.—Models of Ships.

ESTAB

‘A's ‘TopuoT

‘oong soures “2g ‘eg
0) 2 HOLUYE

184

LOZE, PETER, Lunenburg, Nova
Scotia.-——Ships’ Blocks.

McDONALD, RODERICK, Jordan

River, Shelburne, Nova Scotia. —(1) |

Model of a Bark. (2) Model of a Schooner.

McDOUG. WILLIAM, Bp th
Maitland, Hants, Nova Scotia.—Models
of Ships built and building in Exhibitor's yards:
“McDougall.” Barque, * Salmon” (building).

MARSH, BENJAMIN, ier
Nova Scotia.—(1) Caulker’s Mallet. (2)
Caulking Iron.

MARSH, STEPHEN, Lunenburg,
Nova Scotia.—Model Boats and Ships.

MOFFATT, G. B., North Sydney,
Cape Breton. — (1) pris of Coasting
Schooners. (2) Model of a Brig. (3) Model
of a Yacht.

MOORE, JAMES, Jordan River,
Shelbuv~ne, Nova Scotia.—Ship’s Tiller.

MORRISON, J. C., Shelburiie, Nova
Scotia.—Fishing Dory.

MUNCEY, T. A., Cape Traverse,
oo Edward Island.— Model of Ive

ONTARIO CANOE CO., Limited,
Peter ugh, Ontario (Agents, J. C.
CORDING Co., 19 Piccadilly,
London, W.).—Various Canoes.

PIPER, BE. O.

QUACO WOOD MANUFAC.
wick.—Ships’ Blocks.

STEMSHORN, C., 141 Hollis

Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Birch-bark
Canoe.

STEV/ART, FREEMAN, & CO.,
Jordan River, Shelburne, Nova Scotia.
—Model of a Ship built by Exhibitors.

THO OW, ¥F. W., Maitland,
Hants, Nova Scotia.—A Ship’s Windlass.

THOMPSON, W. J.

TREFRY, R. P., Bridgewater, Nova
Sdotia,—PFair of Patent Anchor Supporters and
Trippers,

WAGNER, ISAAC, Liverpool, Nova
Scotia.—Model Ship. sala

WILLIAMS, JOHN, Shelburne,
Nova Scotia,—Bank Fishing Dory.

WINDSOR FOUNDRY CO., Wina-
sor, Nova Scotia.—(1) Ships’ Power Cap-
enn (2) Ship’s Caboose, (8) Ships’ Mooring

WOLFE, JOSEPH W., Lunenburg,
Nova Scotia.—Model of a Seine Buat,

Canada.

Crass 14.
Life-Saving Apparatus.

_ CRISTIE, R., Truro, Nova Scotiz
Mode! of Fite Escape.

COOMBS, HENRY F. (for Self ¢
Others), St. John, New Brunsw
—(1) Model of an improved Metallic Lifeh
(2) Model showing the application of
saving Appliances to ordinary Ships’ Boats.

EMBREE, H. W., & SONS, F
Hawkesbury, Cape Breton.—Model d
Lifeboat.

GILMAN, F. J.

GLOBE FIRE - EXTINGUISHI
CO., London, Ontario, — Hand-Gren
Fire-Extinguishers.

HENDERSON, D., M.D.

JENSEN, W., Victoria, _ Bri
Columbia (Sole Agents, ROSE & Cc
ngineers’ Hose Manufacturers, M
¢c Pe ngland).—Patent Fire Escape(

to 50 it.).

KERR & KEYS.

Cuiass 15.

Railway and Telegraph Work. Telephony

BUTLER, THOMAS PAGE, Mo
treal, Quebec.—Patent Nut-lock for Rail
and other purposes, fitted on wooden sections
rail with ordinary railway fishplate.

CANADIAN GOVERNMEN
(Department of Railways and Canals
Ottawa, Ontario.—(1) Drawing of a Std
Bridge. (2) Views of Scenery along the
of the Intercolonial Railway.

CLARK, DARLING, & CO,
Turner Avérue, Toronto, Ontario.
Compensating Sprihg Balances as applied
Railway Carriages. (2) An Automatic Wind
Balance.

CLENDENNING, W., & SON, Mo
vreal, Quebec.—Patent Railway-car Heate

CLUTHE, CHARLES, Toront
Ontario.—Ventilator and Chandelier for }
way Cars and other Conveyances.

Montreal, Quebec.—Railway Tools.

‘GISBORNE, FREDERICK (Supe
intendent of Government Tel
ce), Ottawa, Ontario.—(1)
Semaphore, (2) Iron Telegraph Pole.
Anuti-induction Cable, (4) Insulator Te
phone. (5) Drawings of same.

5B) nsw

Bieel-tyred Car Wheels, fitted on Axle.

London, MESSR

A
British Columbia.—Railway Ties.

oupler and Link.

ONEILL, HENRY, 31 Moreau
mStreet, Montreal, Quebec.—Improved Rail-

ay Semaphore,
ON”ARIG PUMP CO., Toronto,

Ontario.-~18 ft. “‘ Halladay ” Standard Rail-
road Windmill.

| PIPER, E. O.°

ROSEBRUGH, DR. ABNER M., 121
Church Street, Toronto, Ontario.—
Mechanical Telephone Exchange System.

8T. THOMAS CAR WHEEL CoO.,
8t. Thomas, Ontario.—Charcoal Cast-iron
| Chilled Car Wheels.

Crass 16.

Food Preparations.

AYLMER CANNING CO., Aylmer,
Elgin, Ontario.—(1) Canned Meats and
Poultry. (2) Canned Vegetables and Fruits.
(3) Evaporated Fruits.

BARRAN, JULIUS, Victoria, British
Columbia.—Hams, Shoulders, Bacon, Lard:

BEAK & CO., Victoria, British
Columbia.—Prime Mess Beef.

_ BENT, GILBERT, & SONS. (Exhibited
in the Fisheries Department.)

BRODIE & HARVIE, 10 & 12
Bleury Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Pre-
pared Food Products.

CLARK, W., Montre bec,—-
Canned Meats, vines

__PEARMAN, F. W.,
Ontario..-Ham, Bacon, Lard.

FORREST & CO., Halifax, Nova
Scotia.—Canned Salmon and Lobster.

“GOLDEN CROWN” PACKING
el Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Preserved

Hamilton,

* HARRIS, E., & CO., St. John, New
swick. — (1) Intercolonial (Dominion
overnment) Railway Standard Freight Car
ck. (2) Pair of Washburn “ Peerless”

‘HASTINGS SAW MILL CO. (Agents
in 8, HEATLEY,
WOTTON, & CO. 11 George Yard,

Lombard Street, E.C.), Burrard Inlet,

MITCHELL, GEORGE, Newcastle,
Northumberland, New Brunswick.—
Railway Standard Draw-Bar, with Automatic

135

GOODAIRE, LAWRENCE, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Mess Salt Beef.

GRANT, JAMES A., & CO., Inger-
soll, Ontario.—(1) ©. C. Bacon. (2) Long-
rib Bacon. (8) Ham. (4) B. Bacon. (8)
Wiltshire Bacon. (6) One Whole Hog.

GRANT, JAMES E. (Exhibited in the
Fisheries Department.)

GREGORY & CO., New West-
minster, British Columbia.—Salt Salmon.

HAMBLEN, J. B., & CO., Pictou,
Nova Scotia.—Preserved Lobster.

HATHEWAY, HARDINAY, St.
z Chie New Brunswick.—Boneless Cod-
si.

HOEGG, D. W., & CO., Fredericton,
New Brunswick.—Tinned Beef and Mutton.

JOHNSTON FLUID BEEF CoO.,
Montreal, Quebee.—Johnston’s Fluid Beef.

KERR, 8. G., & SONS, Canning,
King’s County, Nova Scotia. — (1)
Evaporated Vegetables for Soup. (2) Sliced
Strained Potatoes, evaporated. (8) Evaporated
Squash, Turnips, Carrots, Cabbages, and
Onions.

LONGWORTH & CO., Charlotte-
town, Prince ddward Island.—Preserved
Mackerel and Lobsters.

McDONALD, McDONALD, & CO.,
Souris East, Prince Edward Island.—
Boneless Hake and Cod-fish.

McDOWELIL, McNEILL, &
McDOWELL, Rivers Inlet, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Canned Clams from
Bella Bella Cannery.

McLHOD, A. C., Park Corner,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island.
— Lobsters, “ Keystone” brand.

McNUTT, D. & P., Malpeque, Prince
Edward Island.—Lobsters in Tins.

NOBLE, R. B., Richibucto, County
Kent, New Brunswick.—Canned Lobsters:

O'LEARY, HENRY, Richibucto,
Wew Brunswick.--Canned Lobsters.

TAYLOR, ALFRED, Mabon, Inver-

ness, Nova Scotia.—Salmon.

TODD, J. H., & SON, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Canned Salmon, from
Richmend Cannery, North Aun, Fraser River.

TORRASE, A., New Westminster,
British Columbia.—Sa!t Salmon.

eee

136

TTRNER, BEETON, & CO., Vic-
toria, British Columbia.—Cained Salmon
and Clains, from the Inverness, Mettahabieta,
Balmoral, and Wennock Canneries.

VAN VOLKENBURGH BROS.,
Victoria, British Columbia.—(1) Mess
Beef. (2) Mess Pork.

WATKINS, J., H«chelaga, Quebec.
—Smoked Hams and Bacu ..

WELCH, RITHEL, & CO., Victoria,
British Columbia. — Canned Salmon,
: Mapie Leaf,” “ Wellington,” and “ Dominion”

rands.

YOUNG, G. L., St. John, New
eo Smoked, and Salted
ish.

ONTARIO CANNING CO., Hamil-
be Ontario.—Canned Fruits and Vege-
tables.

ABBOTT, MRS., Union
Queen’s County, Prince
Island.—Cheese.

ANDERSON, ALEXANDER, Crow
Bay, Northumberland, Ontario. —'
eese,

KIRKPATRICK & COOKSON, :
Montreal, Quebec.—Dairy Products.

McLEOD, R. E., Sussex, New Bruns-
wick.—Cheese.

McNAMEE, B., Sand Bay, Leeds,
Ontario.—Dairy Butter.

MILLAR, J. D., Ingersoll, Oxford,
Ontario.—Cheese, of large and small size.

ST. ELEANOR’S CHEESE FAC-
TORY, St. Eleanor’s, County Prince,
Prince Edward Island,—Cheese.

SCOTT, MRS. DUNCAN K., North
River, Queen’s County, Prince Edward
Island.—Butter.

TITUS & CO., Sussex, New Bruns-
wick.—Butter from Sussex Creamery.

TRURO CONDENSED MILK AND
CANNING CoO., Truro, Nova Scotia.—
iy Condensed Milk. (2) Condensed Coffee

Reindeer Brand).

YOUNG, D. J., Truro, Nova Scotia.
~-Condensed Milk and Coffee.

BAGNALL, RICHARD E., Clyde
Mills, Queen’s County, Prince Edward
bt gaat Coarse Oatmeal. (2) Fine Oat-
mea .

Road,
Edward

BRACKMAN & KER, North Saa-
nich, British Columbia.—Flour, Oatmeal,
and Split Peas,

Canada.

: Powder.

BRODIE & HARVIE, 10 & 1
Bleury Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Se
raising Flour.

CANADIAN FOOD CO., Toronte
ae ee Food prepared fron
‘ereals,

CATELLI, C. H.. 57 Perthuis Stree
Montreal, Quebec.—Maccaroni, Vermicelli}
and Alimentary Paste.

EWING, 8. H. & A. 8S, {Montreal}
Quebec.—Vienna Baking Powder.

FISH & IRELAND, Lachute M
—- Quebec.—“ Boravena” Milk
ood,

GILCHRIST, ARCHIBALD
Guelph, Ontario. — Hermetically - sealed
Peaches and Grape Juice, in gle. bottles.

GOLDIE, JAMES, Guelph, Ontaric
—Two grades of Winter Wheat Fiour, roller
process.

JOSTER, Jj. R. Moncton Steam§
Flour Mills, Moncton, New Bruns-
wick.—(1, Corn Meal. (2, Buckwheat Meal,
(3) Graham Flour.

LUNAN, WILLIAM, & SON, Sorel,
Richelieu, Quebec.—“ Princess ” Baking

McKAY, THOMAS, & CO., Ottawa,
Ontario.—Flour and Oatmeal.

tario. — Flour manufvstured from Canada}
Wheat only, on the roller system. 7

MURTON, H., Guelph, Ontario—
Oatmeal, Split Peas.

OGILVIE, A. W., & CO., Montreal,
Quebec.— Flour.

PEARMAN, M. W. D., Halifax, §
Nova Scotia.—Woodhill’s German Baking
Powder.

“PURE GOLD”
TURING CO., Toronto,
Baking Powder.

SAYLOR, A. H., Consecon, Ontaria
-—-(1) Wheet Flour. (2) Pastry Flour. (8)
Buckwheat Flour. (4) Granulated Wheat.
(5) Corn Meal.

SMITH, CHARLES, Campbellford,
Ontario.—Flour manufactured at Exhibitor's
mill.

THOMPSON, ISAAC, Suffolk Mills,
Queen’s County, Prince Edward Island,
—Oatmeal.

WHITLAW, BAIRD, & CO., Paris,
Barnt, Ontario.—Flour.

MANUFAC-
Ontario. —

Canada.

Crass 17.
Condiments, Sugar, Confectionery, Stimulants,
‘ Tobaccos. :

| ABBOTT, JOHN T., & CO., Halifax,
Nova Scotia.—Cocoa, Chocolate, Broma,
ocoa-butter, &c.

ALLEN, W. H., & CO., Toronto,
Ontario.—Flavouring Extracts and Fruit
sBeNCes.

BOURRET, TURCOT, & CO., Mon-
real, Quebec.—Vinegar manufactured from
Spirits of Wine.

BRRYDEN BROS. & CO., St. John,
iNew Brunswick.—Pilot, Soda, and Navy
Ship Biscuits.

CANADA SUGAR REFINING CoO.,
Montreal, Quebec.—Sugars.

CHRISTIE, BROWN, & CO,,
aroronto, Ontario.—Biscuits.

CLARK & ROBBLEE, Summerside,
Prince County, Prince Edward Island.

1) Preserved Blueberries. (2) Preserved
Raspberries.

EARLE, THOMAS, Victoria, British
Coluinbia.—Spices, manufactured in Victoria,
British Columbia.

EVANS, SONS, & MASON, Limited,
pMontreal, Quebec.—Lime Fruit Juice.

» EWING, 8. H. & A. S&S. Montreal,
Quebec.—(1) White, Black, aud Red Pepper
2) Cassia, Cloves, Ginger, and other Spices.

FORTIER, J. M., Montreal, Quebec.
Manufactured Tobaccos.

|; FOUCHER, F. A. M., St. Jacques,
ontcalm, Quebec.—Tobaccos.

GARROD & CO. Toronto, York,
Untario.—-Sauces and Pickles.

HALIFAX SUGAR REFINING
0., limited, Halifax, Nova Scotia.—
pugar.

HAMILTON VINEGAR WORKS

-O., Hamilton, Ontario.—Pickles, Jams,
nd Jellies.

HARRISON, THOMAS, Dartmouth,
Nova Scotia. —“ Chow-chow.”

HICKEY & STEWART, Charlotte-
own, Prince Edward Island.—Tobacco.

IMPERIAL MINERAL WATER
O., Hamilton, Ontario,—(i) Ginger Ale.
) Fruit Champagne.

137

JACKSON, HENRY A., 43 McKay
Street, Montreal, Quebec. — “ Tomato-
soteen ” Sauce, a relish with meats, &c.

JOLIETTE CANADIAN TOBACCO
MANUFACTURING CO. (Compagnie
Manufacturiére de Tabac Canadien de
Joliette), Joliette, Quebec. — Tobacco
manufactured from leaf grown in the Province
of Quebec.

LYMAN, SONS, & CO., 384 St. Paul
— Montreal, Quebec,— Extract of |
Joffee.

McDOUGALL, ALEXANDER, New
Westminster, British Columbia.—
Honcy.

McLACHLAN, 8., & SON, Owen
— Ontario.—(1) Confectionery. (2)
iscu.

MONCTON SUGAR REFINING
CO., Moncton, New Brunswick.—Granu-
lated and Yellow Sugars.

MORRISON, W. A., 168 Peel Street,
Montreal, Quebec.—Maple Sugars and
Syrups.

MYLES, ANDREW, Portland, St.
John, New Brunswick.—Fruit Syrups:
(1) Raspberry Vinegar, Raspberry, Strawberry,
Lemon, Lime-juice; and (2) Winter Green
Syrups.

NIXON, WILLIAM, Granby, Shef-
ford, Quebec.—-Basswood Honey.

. NORTH AMERICAN CHEMICAT,

NOVA SCOTIA GOVERNMENT,
Halifax.—Fruits in Syrup:—(1) Apples,
Blackberries, Cherries, Citron Melon, Crab
Apples, Cranberries, Currants, Grapes, Pears,
Plums, Quinces, Raspberries, Strawberries. (2)
Tomatoes.

PELOQUIN, CHARLES, St. Hya-
cinthe, Quebec (Contributor through
the St. Hyacinthe Agricultural Society).
—-(1) Honey. (2) Tobacco.

PRATT, M., St. Hyacinthe, Quebec
(Exhibitor per the St. Hyacinthe Agri-
cultural Society).—Mapie Sugar and Syrup.

“PURE GOLD” MANU FACTUR-
ING CO., Toronto, Ontario.—(1) Cana-
dian grown and prepared Chicory. (2) Celeiy-
salt. (3) Curry Powder. (4) Powdered Her! a.
(5) Ground Spices, (6) Flavouring Extricts.

REED, GORING, & CO., Hamilton,
Ontario.—Cigars.

RICHARD, J. B. A., Joliette, Quebec.
--Tobaceo grown in the Province of Quebec,

138

RICHARDSON, GEORGE ISAAC,

26 St. James Street, Montreal, Quebec.
—Tomato Catsup and Sauce.

RILEY, THOMASB., Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island._-Tobacco.

ROBERTSON BROTHERS, Toronto,
Ontario.—Confectionery.

ROWE, JOHN T., Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island.—Chicory.

SELWYN, MISS, Ottawa, Ontario.—
Jam and Jelly made from the fruit of the
“ Shopherdia Argentea.”

SMITH, M. R., Victoria, British Co-
lumbia.—Fancy Biscuits and Cakes,

TASSE, WOOD, & CO., Montreal,
Quebec.—Cigars.

TUCKETT, GEORGE BE, & CoO.,
Hamilton, Ontario.—Tobaccos.

VANQUELLE, J. B., 8t. Hyacinthe,
Quebec (Contributor per the 8&t.
Hyacinthe Agricultural Society).—
Maple Sugar and Syrup.

- WATKINS, J., ‘Hochelaga, Quebec.—
Preserved Fruits.

WHITMAN, LEVI R., Knowlton,
Brome, Quebec.—Maple Sugar and Syrup.

WOODBURN, J. K., & CO., St. John,
New Brunswick.--Confectionery.

WRIGHT, J. D., 48 Colborne Street,
Toronto, Ontario.— flavouring Extracts.

Crass 18,
Fermented Drinks. Other Beverages. Malt and

Hops.
BARRE & CO., 188 Fortification
Lane, Montres}, Quebec. — Canadian
Wines: Ports, Sherries, Clarets, Sauternes, Ver-

mouth, and Sacramental Wine.

BOSWELL, J. K., & SON, Quebec.—
Ale and Porter.

edie + eran A.,

—Wine
CARLING BREWING & MALTING
co., London, Ontario. = Ale, Por ter,
Lager Beer.
CARTxHR BROTHERS, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Ale and Porter.

DAWBS & CO., Lachine, Quebec.—
Canadian Ales and Porter, in wood and bottle.

Toronto,

Canada.

GOODERHAM & WORTS, Toronte
Ontario.—Canadian Malt and Rye Whiskie
and pure Spirit.

turin (1) Genedian = G., Siakge CO) Bh
0. ) Canadian Rye Whisky.
(8) Cologne Spirit. :

GOWER, C., Victoria, British Co
lumbia.—Ale, Beer, and Stout.

HAMILTON, 8. C., & CO., Brantforc
Ontario, and The Vineyards, Pele
Island.—Wines from Grapes of Canad
Growth,

JONES BREWING CO. (ROBER?
a Halifax, Nova Scotia.—Ale an
tout.

JONES, SIMEON, St. John, Ne
Brunswick.—Ale and Porter.

KEITH, A., & SON., Halifax, Na
Scotia.—Ale and Porter.

LABBATT, JOHN, London, Ontaric
—(1) Draught Ale. (2) Bottled Ale in qua
(3) Botted Stout in quarts. (4) Barley Mal
(5) Ale and Stout.j (6) Hops.

LOEWEN & ERLE.—(1) Bottled Beer,
(2) One Barrel of Beer.

McCREADY, THOMAS, &
Portland, New Bresewiok tly Whit

Wine. (2) Cider. (8) Vinegar (Governmen
Proof),

McLAUGHLIN, C. H., Toronto
Ontario.—Malt.

MORRIS & HYNDMAN, Charlot
town, Prince Edward Tsland.--Malt.

ULES, P. B. O., Halifax, Nov
Phi fi ) Ale and Porter. (2) Ale o
ught.

OLAND, 8., SONS, & CO., Halifa:
Nova Scotia.—Ale and Stout. q

ONTARIO GRAPE GROWING
AND WINE MANUFACTURING
CO., St. Catherine’s, Welland, Ontario
—-Canadian Grape Wines,

PRESCOTT BREWING ND
MALTING CO., Prescott, Grenv
Ontario.—Ale and Porter.

SEAGRAM, JOSEPH E., Waterloo
Catarios —(1) Canadian Malt and Rye W
kies. (2) Pure Spirita, (8) Alcohol.

TROOP, GEORGE A., St. John
New Brunswick.—( a). White Wine.
Cider. (8) Malt. (4) Vinegar

WALKER, HIRAM, & Oil
Walkerville, Ontario.—(f) Canadian 5
Whiskies. (3) Cologne Spirit.

Canada,

BORTHWICK, WILLIAM, Ottawa,

Ontario.—Natural Saline Mineral Water in | wick.—(1) Fragrant Philoderma.

Kegs. Natural Mineral Water in Bottle. Na-
tural Mineral Aerated Water.

GURD, CHARLES, & CO., Montreal,
Quebec.— Natural Mineral Waters. Belfast
Ginger Ale. Soda Water. Champagne-Cider,
Lemonade, Seltzer, Vichy, Kissengen, Potash,
and Aerated Medicated Waters.

HART, J. A. (Exhibited in Evans, Sons,
& Mason’s Case, Class 16, Group V.)

IMPERIAL MINERAL WATER
CO., Hamilton, Ontario.—Soda, Seltzer,
Potash, and Lithia Waterz.

PHILLIPS, ALEXANDER, Post
Office, Box 76, Victoria, British Co-
lumbia.—Carbonated Beverages.

TAYLOR, HENRY, Strathroy, On-
tario.—(1) Ginger Ale. (2) Double Soda
Water.

Crass 19,
Firearms.

McDONALD, COLIN, Nanaimo,
British Columbia.—A Kentucky Ritle.

Crass 20.
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products.

ANGLO-AMERICAN ART CO. OF
TORONTO (C. R. BESWETHERICE),
Toronto, Ontario.— Mediums for mixing
Colours for artists.

ARCHDALE, WILSON, & CO.,
Hamilton, Ontario.—Pharmaceutical Fre-
parations.

BARSALOU, J., & CO., Montreal,
Quebec.—Soap.

BAYLIS MANUFACTURING CoO.,
- regia Quebec.—Varnishes, Paints, and
ums.

BLACKEURN, T., & CO., 242 St.
James Street, Montreal, Quebec.—
Patent Waterproof Covering for Textile Fabrics.

BRAUL’, P. L., St. John’s, Quebec.
—(1) Brault’s Negative Varnish for Photo-
graph Negutives. (2) Composed Gentia Bitters,
an Appetizer in cure of Dyspepsia.

CANADA CHEMICAL MANURE
AND FERTILISER CO., Rothesay,

New Brunsvrick. — Chemical Manures in
bottles.

CARLETON, WILLIAM, Trenton,
igs, Ontario.—-Extracts of Dandelion,
from top of plant and the rvot,

189

ESTY, BE. M., Moncton, New Bruns-
(2) Iron
and Quinine Tonic. (8) Cod Liver Oil Cream,

EVANS, SONS, & MASON, Li-
mited, Montreal, Quebec. — (1) Phar-
maceutical Preparations and Proprietary Medi-
cines, Druggists’ Sundries. (2) Perfumery.

EVANS, JOHN B., 194 St. Geo
Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Solution for
Restoring and Preserving Wall Paper.

FROST, E. H., Rockland View, St.
John, New Brunswick.—(1) Slice Dress-
ing (Excelsior brilliant gloss). (2) “ National
Policy” Crystal Mucilage. (8) “ National
Policy” Ink. (4) Perfumed Black Kid Glove
Dressing.

GATES, C., SONS, & CO., Middle-
ton, Annapolis, Nova Scotia.—Proprietary
and Patent Medicines,

GREENWAY, R., 194 St. George
Street, Montreal, Quebec.—-Hair Dye.

GUTMANN & FRANK, Victoria,
British Columbia.—Oils.

HARRINGTON BROTHERS, 8t.
John, New Brunswick.—(1) Proprietar
Medicines. (2) Robinson’s Phosphorised Emul-
sion.

HENDERSON & POTTS, Halifax,
Nova Scotia. (1) Paints, (2) Shoe Black-

ing.

Ontario.—(1) Glue. (2) Flint Paper. (8)
Blacking. (4) Fertilisers.

LYMAN, SONS, & CO., 384 St. Paul
Street, Montreal, Quebec.—(1) Pharma-
ceutical Preparations. (2) Chemicals,
Paints and Lead. (4) Putty, (6) Inks. (6)
Periumes, &c.

McCASKILZG, D. A. & Co., 190 St.
James Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Var-
nishes and Japans.

McDONALD, J.B, & TO., Victoria,
British Coiumbia.—Laundry Soaps.

MERCER, WILLIAM, London, On-
tario.—Polish for Renovating Varnished Wood;

MILLER, JOHN J., Upton, Bagot,
Quebec.—Hemlock Bark Extract.

"8S TANNERY EX’ CT
CO., Limited, Millerton, Northumber.
land, Nova Scotia (London 8
Leather Market, Bermondsey).— Tan-
ning and Dyeing Extracts,

140

MORSE SOAP CO,, Toronto, Onta-
rio.—Soaps.

MORTON, DAVID, Hamilton, Went-
worth, Ontario.—Laundry Soap.

MOTT, T. PARTHON, 8t. John, New
Brunswichk.—Composition Liquid for Slating
Blackboards.

NELSON, W.J., Bridgewater, Lunen-
burg, Nova Scotia.—* Minard’s Liniment.”

NORTH AMERICAN CHEMICAL
CO., Goderich, Huron County, Ontario.
—Collection of Chenicals.

PARKER, JOSEPH, 143} Champ-
lain Street, Montreal, Quebec.—(1) Boot
Polish. (2) Fruit Saline.

PENDRAY, W. J., & CO., Victoria,
ag Columbia. — Toilet and Laundry
ps.

POURTIER, MICHEL, 35 8t. John
Street, Quebec. — “ Sotherion” —a remedy
fur diseases of the respiratory organs.

PRESCOTT EMERY WHEEL CoO.,
Prescott, Ontario.—Emery Wheels, made
of solid emery, and pressed together, after
mixing, with cement or flax.

“PURE GOLD” MANUFACTUR-
ING CO., Toronto, Ontario.—(1) Carbon
Paste Blacking. (2) Powdered Borax. ©

PUTTNER BROS. Halifax, Nova
Scotia. — “ Burd’s Cream Emulsion of Cod
Liver Oil.”

RAMSAY, A., & CO., 16 Inspector
Street, Montreal, Quebec.—(1) Sulphide
of Zinc—a new pigment, composed of zine aud
sulphur, non-poisonous, unalterable in impure
-t¢mospheres, and possessing four times the
covering power or body of pure white lead. (2)
Six Panes of Glass and Six Pieces of Wood

inted with the sulphide of zine, to illustrate
its quality.

RICHARDS, D., Woodstock, Oxford,
Ontario.—Laundry Soap.

SAUNDERS, WILLIAM, & CO,,
ia Ontario, — Pharmaceutical Pro-
u

SPRATT, JOSEPH, Victoria, British
Columbia.—Fish Guano.

STANDARD FER AND
CHEMICAL CO., Limited, Post Office
Box 176, Montreal, Quebec.--(1) Chemi-

cal Products. (2) Artificial Mans:res,

Canada.

STEWART, ALEXANDER, 20 Ger-
main Street, 8t. John, New Brunswick.
—Luundry Soaps.

STRACHAN, W., & CO., Montreal,
Senne er Lubricating, and Lard
Oils.

WALKER, JAMES, Hamilton, Went-
worth, Ontario.—Soaps—product of tallow,
resin, and alkali.

WATERMAN, ISAAC, _ J:ondon,
Ontario.—(1) Canadian Petroleum and Pro-
ducts, Paraffin Products, in different stages,
and Candles, &c. (2) Refuse Gas Oils, Fuel
Oils, &e.

WATTS, A., & CO., Brantford. Brant,
Ontario.—Soap — “ Ivory *Bar,” “ John A.,”
“ Tiger,” “ Klensodor Electric.”

WILSON, A. A., & CO., 219 St. Paul
treet, Montreal, Quebec. — (1) Mixed
Coloured Paints. (2) Sar Glass, fireproof.

YOUNG & WALTON, 21 De Eres-
soles Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Hem-
lock Bark Extract.

Ciass 21,
Sanitary Appliances.

AKIN, A. C., St. Hyacinthe, Quebec.
—Cast-iron Soil Pipe and Fittings

BOUNYN, WILLIAM WING-
FIELD, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

HEAP’S PATENT DRY SARTH
OR ASHES CLOSET CO., Limited,
Toronto, Ontario.—Automatic Dry Earth
Closet, fitted with urine separator.

HUMBER, M., Victoria, British
Columbia.—Bricks and Drain Tiles.

KENNEDY BROS.

MEHERCULES CHEST AND
ROWING MACHINE CO. (THE).
(Exhibited in Fancy Articles Department.)

NORMAN, N. T. (Exhibited in Faney
Articles Department.)

POWER, W. E., & CO.

STACKHCUSE, C.G.,L.D.8., Ottawa,
Ontario, — Artificial Teeth, Dental Vul-
canisers, Flasks, Articulators, Impreasioa Cups,
Amalgams, Cements, &c,

cm

Canada. 141
CLARK AND BOWNESS, Sum-
Crass 22. merside, Prince Edward Island.—
; Photographs.
Surgical, Optical, ot parr peau FP UIs, A. W., W >

CLUTHE, CHARLES, Toronto,
Ontario.—T russes and Surgical Appliances.

GRANT, HENRY, & SON, Montreal,
Quebec.— Spectacles and Eye-ylasses, manu-
factured from native pebble found in the
vicinity of the Rocky Mouutains.

HEARN AND HARRISON, Mon-
treal, Quebec. — (1) Stereoscopes, Grapho-
scopes, Spectacles, Cellulosed Eye-glasses, «Ke.
(2) Stereoscopic Views.

LEON, L. K., Toronto, Ontario.—
Patent Adjustment for Spectacles and Eye
Glasses.

MONTREAL OPTICAL AND
JEWELLERY CoO., Montreal, Quebec.
—Spectacles and Eye-glasses.

SHELL, A., and HART, M., 659
Craig Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Spec-
tacles and Eye-glasses (Alaska stone).

WILLIAMS, H., Toronto, Ontario.—
oem Goods made from British Columbia
ebbles,

Cass 23.
Photography.

ALBION IRON WORKS CO.,
Limited, ;Victoria, British Columbia.
—Photographs of Marine and Land Engines
and Canning Machinery.

BRAULT, P. L., St. John’s, Quebec.
Photographs, coloured and uncoloured.

CAMPBELL AND SON, Toronto,
Ontario.—Photographs of Scenery.

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT.

CLAPHAM, CHARLES C., Montreal,
Quebec. —- Group Tinted Photographs: Sir
John Macdonald and Ministers.

tario.— Photographs of Buildings and Scenery
in the County of Oxford, Ontario.

HABERER, EUGENE, 516 St. Denis
Street, Montreal, Quebec. — Bird's-eye
View of the City of Montreal, from Victoria
Bridge to Hochelaga Cotton Mills.

HALIFAX CITY COUNCIL, Hali-
fax, Nova Scotia.—Photographic Views. .

HARBOUR COMMISSION OF
QUEBEC.—Collections of Photographs and
Plans of the Harbour of Quebee and of the
Graving Dock at Levis.

HASTINGS, J. C., Victoria, British
Columbia.—Photographs.

HENSHAW, F. C., Montreal, Que-
bec.—St. George’s Snow Shoe Club mustering
for a Tramp.

JACK, PETER, Halifax, Nova
Scotia.—Photographs of Scenery on the Sack-
ville River, Nova Scotia. (Taken by Lieut.
Gladstone, R.N.)

“LE MONDE” JOURNAL, Mon-
treal, Quebec (J. LESSARD, Agent,
1650 Notre Dame Street).— Photugraphs
of the Press from which the Journal is printed.

LETSON, WILLIAM 4A., Liverpool,
Nova Scotia.—Photographic Views.

McINTYRE, PETER, Charlotte-
town, Prince Edward Island. — Photo
graphic Views, in frame, of Churches, Parochial
Houses, Schools, &c.

MONTREAL HUNT (THE’, Mon-
treal, Quebec.—Photographic Picture, show-
ing interior aud exterior of Club House, Stables,
Grounds, &c.

NEWBERY, ARTHUR, Charlotte-
town, Prince Edward Island. — Photo-
graphic Views.

NOTMAN, WILLIAM, AND SON,
Montreal, Quebec.—Photographs.

PARK & CO., Brantford, Brant,
Ontario.—Photographs.

CLARKE’S New Patent

“FAIRY” LAMPS AND “FAIRY” LIGHTS
“ROR + ORNAMENFALLY + LIGHTING?
DRAWING AND BALL ROOMS, CONSERVATORIES,
EVENING FETES, TABLE DECORATIONS, ée.

SAMUEL CLARKE, Patent Pyramid and Fairy Lamp and Light Works,
_ CHILD'S HILL, LONDON; and NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A.

142

PARKER, G. F., Yarmouth, Nova
Scotia.—Photographs.. ;

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
GOVERNMENT, Charlottetown. —
Photographs of portion of City of Charlotte-
town.

, ALEXANDER P., Dart-
mouth, Nova Scotia.—Photographs.

RICHARDSON, LETITIA, 182 St.
James Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Photo-
graphs of Montreal,

SINCLAIR, GEORGE L.,
mouth, Nova Scotia.—Plotographs.

SMITH, ANDREW (Principal of the
Ontario Veterinary College), Toronto,
Ontario. — Photographs of the College, the
Dissecting-room, Opcrating-room, and Dwelling
of the Senior Class at the Ontario Veterinary
College.

SOULE AND MARSHALL, Park-
dalo, York, Ontario.—Photographs.

STEVENS, H. 8. (Mayor of Moncton),
Moncton, New Brunswick.—Photographs
of Public Buildings in Moncton.

STUBBERT, JAMES A., North
Sydney, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia.—
Photographs.

VALLEE, LOUIS P., 39 St. John
Street, Quebec.—Photographic Views and
Portraits.

WHITNEY, JOHN IL. (Mayor of
Kingston), Kingston, Ontario. — Phoio-
graplis of the City of Kingston.

WINDSOR HOTEL CO., Montreal,
Quebec.—Combination Picture, showing views
of the Windsor Hotel, interior and exterior,

Dart-

Cuiass 24,
General Application of the Arts of Drawing and
“id Medallbiy d ¢

BAKER, ROBERT, Toronto, On-
tario.—Model of Bond Street Congregational
Church, Toronto, with Drawing of the same.

Cc 3 AD IAN GOVERNMENT
THE), ( tawa, Ontario.—Medal struck
n Com

memoration of the Confederation of the
British North American Provinces,

DESJARDINS, ALFRED, 186 Iber-
ville Street, Montreal, Quebec.—Oolles-
tion of Canadian Coins,

Canada.

—

GROUP VI.—-EDUCATION AND
INSTRUCTION.

Education Department —-ONTARIO
GOVERNMENT, Toronto ; Minister of
Education—Hon. GEORGE W. ROSS,
LL.B., M.P.P.; Commissioner of Edu.
cation-—8s, P. MAY, M.D., C.L.H.

COLLECTIVE EXHIBIT.

I.—NormMaL AND Mover Scuoors, Pupiic anp
Hicu Scuoo.s, Cotteciate Institutes, &c.

1. Historical and Statistical. — Educational
Reports ; Journal of Education ; Statutes and
Regulations for High and Public Schools;
Charts, showing progress of High ond Public
Schools, County Model Schools, ‘Training Insti-
tutes, &c.; Map of Ontario, showing the Public,
Separate, and High Schools, Collegiate Insti-
tute, &e.

2. School Method and Organization.—School
Registers; Exainination Papers; Text Books
on History of Education, School Management,
Teaching, &c.; Manual of Hygiene; Scripture
Readings for Public and High Schools; School
Architecture.

Photographs of Schools, Colleges, &c.—Nor-
mal and Model Schools, Toronto and Ottawa;
Public Schools, Brantford, Godeneh, Hamilton,
Ingersoll, London, Morrisburgh, Napanee, Ot-
tawa, Peterborough, Toronto, Woodstock ; In-
dian Schools, Sault Ste. Marie, High Schools,
Belleville, Godeneh, Port Perry, Stratford,
Woodstock ; Collegiate Institutes, Brantford,
Guelph, Ingersoll, Ottawa, Peterborough, St,
Catherine, Toronto.

3. School Furniture and Fittings — Bennet
Furnishing Co., London. School Desks, W.
Stahlschmidt, Preston, School Desks, Map
Supply Co., Toronto. Numeral Frames, Hrasers,
&e., Selby & Co., Toronto.

4. Kindergarten.—Kindergarten Tables and
Chairs.

5. Physical Education —Gymnasium, Dumb
Bells, Indian Clubs, Mehercules Chest and
Rowing Machines.

6. Text Books for Public Schoole.—-Reading |
and English Literature, Book-keeping, Arith-
metic, Geography, Grammar and Composition,
Hi-tory, Algebra, Geometry, Chemistry and
Agriculture, Physics, Music, Drawing.

Canada Publishing Co., Toronto.—Collection
BG Books, Canadien Drawing Course Copy

7. Text Books for Righ Schools and Collegit
Institutes. — English, Latin, Greek, Fre
German, Mathematics, History, Geography and
el a a bern Science, &e. Ren

8. Reading Charts, Phonetic Charts, Reading
Lessons. pe

C. P. Simpson, Leamington. — Tabulated
Phonetic Alphabet Charts. |
: 9. Drawing, Drawing Models, Dravoing Books,

C, |

Canada.

Selby & Co., Toronto.—Drawing Models and
10, Music.

R. 8. Williams & Son, Toronto. — Public
school Cabinet Organ, Public and High School

Canada School Publishing Co., Toronto.—

fusic Charts and or ag ~

1. Geography a ronomy. -~ To A=
oat Tiluatrations Terrestrial Globes, Ratsod
ind Physical Globes, Maps, Ruised Maps.

Map and School Supply Co., ‘Toronto.—Maps,
Hurope, Asia, Africa, America, Dominion of
Manada, Ontario, Map Case, &c.

Ounala School Publishing Co., Toronto.—
Railway Map of Ontario.

Astronomical Illustrations: Celestial Globes,

Drreries, &c.; Astronomical and Physical
harts.

12. Ch logy. ~-Genealogical and Chrono-
ogical Charts, Ancient and Mo:lern.

18. Ethnography.—Portrait Busts of distin-
nished Canadians; Portraits of Indians.

14. Anatomy and Physiology.—Manikin, Ana-
jomical Models, Anatomival and Physiological
Dharts and Diagrams.

15. Zoology.—Andobon’s Mammals of North
America, Zoological Diagrams. ;

16. Botany.—Botanical Charts and Diag:
Dbject Lessons, Models of Plants and Fruit.

i7. Geolo Charts.
| 18, Philosophical Charts.

19. Physical and Ohemical Apparatus.—Ap-
paratus for illustrating Matter, Force, and
lotion ; Gravitation and Molecular Attraction ;
Hydrostatics; Properties of Gases; Acoustics ;
Heat; Light; Frictional Electricity ; Dynamical
leciricity, Chemical Apparatus, Miscellaneous.

Map Supply Co., Toronto.—Collection of
Sch 1 Apparatus for experiments with Gases,
lectricity, &.

20. Pupils? Work.— Specimens of Writing,
Drawing, Map Drawing, Arithmetic, Composi-
ion, Sewing, Hintorgarten, &c., from rural
shools and schools in cities, towns, and villages.

I. Mecuanics’ Instrrures anD Brancu Art
ScuHOOLs.

Specimens of Drawings and Examination
Work, Charts and Diagrams, &c.

W. Edwards, Secretary, Ontario Mechanics’
nstitutes Association, Toronto.—Roll and Re-
ord and Accession Books for public libraries.
Lacey R, Johnson, President Mechanics’ In-
titute, Carleton Place. — Working Model of
English Locomotive.
ge Parker,” Ge éton Place. —- Ornamental
inlaid Wood Table. *

James MoVety, Carleton Place.—Model of
Dwelling House.

J, O'Brien, Guelph. — Gollection of Wood
vin, -

fen Mahone, Garden Island.—Model of

Vram of Timber, as prepared for running the
apids of the river St,

ids wrence,
A. Qumm m Island. — Working

fodel of a Hatous Tug Steam Engine.

148

II. Arr Scxoors.

Ontario School of Art, Education
ment, Toronto. — Specimens of Drawing in
Grades Band A: Oil Paintings, Water Colours,
Modelling in Clay and Plaster Casts, Soolpeare
in Marble, Chasing on Brass, Repent ork,
Electro-Metall , Carving on Wood.’

School of Art, London,.—Specimens of Draw-
ing in Grades B and A.: Machine Drawings,
Oil Paintings, Water Cuvlours, Modelling in
Clay and Casts, Painting on China.

School of Art, Ottawa.—Specimens of Draw-
ing in Grade B & A: Mechanical Drawing,
Life Studies, Water Colours, Oil Paintings.

School of Art, Kingston. —Specimens of
Drawing in Grades B and A: Architectural
Drawing, Mechanical Drawing, Water Colours,
Oil Paintings,

IV. InstrrvtT1Ions ror tHe Buinp anp Dear
AND Dumps.

Ontario Institute for the Blind, Brantford.—
Historical and Statistical Reports, Charts, &e. ;
Photography of Buildings; Pupils in Work-
shops, &e.; Appliances for Teaching. Pupils’
work: Reading and Writing, Willow Work,
Crochet Work, Bead Work, Machine and Hand
Sewing, Machinc-knitted Goods, Hand-knitting.

Institute for the Deaf and Dumb, Belleville.
rts and Charts, Photography of Buildings
pils, Text Books, &c.

VY. ConLeces or AGRICULTURE AND VeETERI-
NARY SCIENCE.

Ontario Agricultural College and Experi-
mental Farm, Guelph.—Specimens illustrating
the Geology of Ontario, Rooks which chiefly
compose the earth’s crust. Minerals which con-
stitute the majority of rocks, Animals which
have influenced the formation of soil; Speci-
mens illustrating Systematic and Economic
Botany ; Collection of Minerals us. d for refer-
ence in the Museum, Anatomical ModJs of
Horse and Cow, Head of Devon Deer, Head of
Prince Albert Windsor Boar; Collection of
Insects; Collection of Aygricultural Seeds ;
Charts showing experiments made on the farm,
Reports, &c.

Entomological Society, Ontario.—Reports.

Onterio Veterinary College.—Andrew Smith,
V.8., Principal and Proprietor, Toronto. Large
Photographs of Buildings, Dissecting Rooms,
Students at work, Operating Rooms, and Gra-
duatory Classes.

VI. Scuoot or Practicat Science.
Photograph of Building and Reports, Speci-
mens of Drawing from the Devertnent et
Engineering.
VIL. Commerctat Coitecss, &o.
Institute Canadian Francais, Ottawa.

D » Indian Ink and Pencil ;
Mechanical Drawings, &e,

and

abe Up ly Siu iis alg i i

144

Meteorological Ocservatory, Toronto.—Photo-
Graph of Building.

. A. Austin, Principal Business College,
Brookville. Books illustrating Theory and
Actual Business Department, Text Books, Stu-
dents’ Work, Pen and Ink Sketches, &c.

©. A. Fleming, Principal Business College,
Owen Sound.—Specimens Ornamental Penman-

ship.

t FE. Gallagher, Principal Business College,
—* — Specimens Ornamental Penman-
ship.

VIII. Universrrizs, Cotiears, ScHoons oF
Menpicing, &co.

Photographs of Albert University, Belleville;
Victoria University, Cobourg ; Toronto Univer-
sity, Toronto; University Trinity College,
Toronto ; “ Kosmos” (V.P. Journal) ; “ Acta
Victoriana ” (a monthly journal),

Upper Canada College, Toronio.—Statistical
wend and Reports, specimens of Drawings and

riting.

Alma Ladies’ College, St. Thomas.—Speci-
mens of Drawing.

Ontario Ladies’ College, Whitley.—Specimons
of Drawing and Water Colours.

Ladies’ College, Brantford. — Oil Paintings
and Water Colours.

Ladies’ College, Hamilton.—Oil Paintings.

Iadies’ College, Woodstock.—Drawings, Oil
Paintings, and Water Colours.

Loretto Abbey, Toronto.— Photograph of
Building, Oil Paintings, Oil on Velvet, Water
to ga Crayon Drawings, Embroidery, Wax
Work.

Loretto Convent, Hamilten.—Oil Paintings
on China, Water Colours, Modelling in Clay,
Fancy Wool, Honiton Lace.

School of Medicine, Toronto. — Chart and
Photograph of Buildings.

Royal College of Physicians aud Surgeons,
Kingston.—-View of Building.

Os © Hall, Toronto. — Photographs of
Bnildings and Library.

De La Salle Institute, Toronto.—Photograph
of Building.

CANADIAN GO (DE-
PARTMENT OF EDUCATION),
Ottawa, Ontario. — Collective Exhibit of
Educational Books, Maps, Drawings, Models,
and Apparatus.

CATHOLIC SCHOOLS OF THE
PROVINCE OF MANITOBA, Winni-
peg.—Collective Exhibit of Educational Ap-
pliances, Books, Exercises, &c.

COUNCIL OF ARTS AND MANU-
FACTURES OF THE PROVINCE
OE Sa gutee” beter
retary), Montreal, Quebec.—Drawings by
rl og in the Free Evening Drawing Classes,
u the control of the Council of Aris and
Manufactures of the Province of Quebeo.

Canada,

Cox, BDWIN, & Co. 114
Frencis Xavier Street, Montreal, Qu
at of Iiluminated Work, dono
and,

DERBBS, L. T,, 224 Seigneur Stre
Montreal, Quebec.—Pastel Portrait,

KIRKWOOD, W., Kemptville, G
ville, Ontario.—Portrait in Indian Ink
Sir John Macdonald, and one of an elder
gentleman,

NEW BRUNSWICK GOVEE
MENT, St. John, New Brunswick,
Collective Exhibit of Educational Mode
Apparatus, Books, Maps, &o.

NEW ROCKLAND SLATE CO,

NOVA SCOTIA GOVERNMEN’
Halifax. — Collective Exhibit ;—(1) Scho
Desks. (2) Teacher's Desk. (8) Scho
Desks, (4) School Cabinet of Nova Soot
Minerals, (5) Entomological Collection, j
twenty-four cases. (6) Case containing P
scribed Text Books. (7) Drawings of Pr
scribed Plans for School-houses. (8) Eig
Photographic Views of Educational Building
(8) Collection of Maps, ‘Copy-books, Easa
Text-books, &c., &c., illustrating Work
System of the Institution for the Deaf an
Dumb, Halifax, Nova Scotia. (10) Collectio
illustrating the System of the Halifax Scho
for the Blind, with Specimens of Pupils’ We
(11) Large Portfolio containing Specimens
Needlework. (12) Collection of Maps dm
by Pupils. (18) Collection of Drawings }
Pupils, (14) Portfolios containing Specime
of Pupils’ Work in Drawing, Map-makia
Grammatical Analysis, Parsing, Penmanshij
&c. (15) Specimens of Educational Form
(16) Collection of Reports, School
Manuals, Courses of Study, University ©
dars, &c. (17) Small Collection of Sund
Woodwork by Pupils, &c.

e Mint’ SOFT OT AR
Principal), Ottawa, Ontario,—Ilumir
Designs by the students.

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND GO
VERNMENT, Charlestown, Prine
Edward Island.—Collective Exhibit of Edu
cational Apparatus, Models, Drawings, Book
Maps, &c,

8ST. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICE
ACADEMY OF ARTS AND FRE
NIGHT,SCHOOL (JOHN C. MU
A.R.C.A., Principal; H. Cc, ML)
Assistant), St. John, New Brunswic
Original Freehand Drawings from . Natu
without aid of outline or lithographs,
Charcoal aud Crayon.

AHLSCHMIDT, W., & GO. Pres.
Waterloo, Ontario. — School Desks
h Iron Standards,

VAUGHAN, MISS ANNIE L., 8t.
wrtins, New Brunswick.—Pen and Ink
wing.

WALDEN, GEORGE, Hamilton,
mtario.—Crayon Portrait, copied from a
iotograph.

WILKINS, LOUISA A., Windsor,
nts, Mova Scotia.--Crayon Drawing.

|

Ciass 1,
Books and Publications.

BAKER, HON. L. B., Yarmouth,
ova Scotia.—- History of the County of
mouth,” by the Rey, J. R. Campbell.

BEAUCHEMIN & VALOIS, Mon-
pal, Quebec.—Books,

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT (DE-
ARTMENT OF INTERIOR), Ot-
wa, Ontario. — Surveys in North-West
prritories; Plans of are west of the
pond, third, fourth, and fifth meridians,
companied by a general fend of part of the
brth-West Territories, including the Province
Manitoba (in eight bound volunvs),

“CRITIC” PUBLISHING ©CO.,,
ax, Nova Scotia.— Printed matter
uring upon the Resources of Canada,

DAWSON BROTHERS, Montreal,
hebec.— Books printed in Canada, and Bind-
ba made there.

GAGH, Ww. J., & Co., Toronto, On-

0.—(1) School and College Text Books,
el ean Copies. (8) Reading Books, (4)
ll Maps.

GAZETTE” PRINTING Co.,
ontreal, Quebec.—Printed Books and

mphilets,

HENDERSON, JAMES, Winnipeg.
hitoba.—Manitoba and North-West Direc-
es from 1876 to 1886 (14 vols.).

INGERSOLL UNION PUBLISH.
G ore (J. F. MORREY). (Exhibited
ass 10.)

AWRENCH, J. W., St. John, New
mnswick.—A book, entitled « Footprints,
corals in the Early History of New

tALPINE, CHARLES D., St. John,
r Brunswick.—Plans of St. John City in
: ’ and in 1886,

Canada. 145

MONTGOMERY, D., Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island. — Educational
Books, Maps, Papers, &c,

PHRIARD, A., 23 St. James Street,
ee Quebec.—Lower Canadian Law
3.

PROVENCHER, THE ABBY L,

Cap Rouge, Quebec,.—Work on Natural
History,

SMITH, WALTER H., Montreal,
ay ae Vennor’s Almanac for 1885,
(2) Smith’s Planetary Almanac for 1886.

. STRANGE & CO.,, Toronto, Ontario,
~-Sheet Music and Music Books.

WAGSTAFF, J. H., St. John, Now
Brunswick.—Rapid Index.

Cuass 2.

Maps.

BROWN, JAMES, 64 Yonge Street,
Toronto, Ontario.—Stands and Elevators
for Maps, with maps attached, invented and
manufactured by the Exhibitor.

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT (De-
partment of Railways and Canals),
Ottawa, Ontario.—Map of the Dominion
of Canada,

CANADIAN SVS ENT (GRO.
ADA,

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT
TELEGRAPH SERVICE, Ottawa,
Ontario. — (1) Sectional Map of Canada,

(2) Sphere Map of the World.

HARBOUR COMMISSIONERS OF

MONTREAL, Montreal, Quebec.—(1)
Map of River St. Lawrence from Quebec to
Montreal. (2) Map of the River from Montreal
to Kingston. (8) Map of Harbour of Montreal.

McMILLARD, J. & A., St. John,

New Brunswick.—Map of New Brunswick.

GROUP VII.—FINE ARTs.
Cass 1,

Oil Paintings and Water Colours are shown in

the Gallery of the Royal Albert Hall. For list
see page xevii,

L

iN ise nil on 5 a a

146 Canada.

Crass 2. ‘JONES, J. L., {Toronto
York, Ontario.—(1) Wood Engraved Bh

hae finished. (2) Specimens of Wood Engra
BEULLAC, R., 1674 Notre Dame | and Designs.

Strect, Montreal, Quebec, — Religious
Statues. KOPPEL, C. W., 187 St. James:

HEBERT, L. P., 88 Bury Street, | Montreal, Quebec.—Wood Engraving.
Montreal, Quebec. —Statue of Sir Hector

Langevin, Minister of Public Works of Canada. ROLPH, SMITH, & CO., Toron
Cuass 3. Ontario.—Wood Engraving.
Engrs ings on Steel and on Wood. Etchings.

WISEMAN, JAMES L., 162
FLEWWELLING, C. H., St. John, oat
New Brunswick.—(1) Engravings on W: Bs 4 James Street, "Montreal, Quebec, Wi

with Book of Prints from the Engravings. REPATING A: FOREN VIE Hey
(2) Engraved Blocks.

147

To H.R.H.
QUEEN.

G. E. FRODSHAM & bu.
, GRACECHURCH STREET, EC.
ESTABLISHED 1796.
Manufacturers of Best

NGLISH WATCHES,

PERFECT IN CONSTRUCTION,
ACCURATELY COMPENSATED. © MINUTELY ADJUSTED.

ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR

HOT AND COLD CLIMATES.

OUR GOLD KEYLESS LEVER, $45 { He

IN DUST-PROOF CASES,
A SPECIALITY UNEQUALLED,

OUR SILVER KEYLESS LEVER, » £6 6s,

IN DUST-PROOF CASES,
CANNOT BE SURPASSED. OUR OWN MAKER,

P R l O E s.
Gold Keyless Pocket Chroaomeket, full Jewelled, £78 ;
Compensated and Adjusted 78.

Goid Keyless Minute Repeater, Ruby Jewelled,
and Adjusted, £75.

Gold Keyless Minute and Second Chronograph, full
Jewelled and Adjusted. L75:

Gold Keyless Half Chronometer, Ten Holes £40
Jewelled, Compensated, &c. .

Gold “Keyless Three-quarter Levers, Ten Holes £25
Jewelled and Adjusted. {

ilver Lever Watches, Compensated Balance, from £6.
Marine Chronometers, £25.

ENGLISH QUARTER, CHIME, AND TURRET CLOCKS.
L 2

448 Advertisements.

RANSOMES, SIMS & JEFFERIES, L? |

Aoricultural Engineers,

9, GRACECHURCH

ORWELL =~ IPSWICH ano LONDON _° “Streer.

For Burning

Stationary Engines.

Coal, Wood,
Straw, and ve Engiow.
Vegetable inding Engines,

i Pumping Machinery

Fuel,

a fae I Naa ina
Sh See aaa: es. oi PON Raat 3 marae! > Pard : 23 eS >
RANGOMES’ PORTABLE ENGINES, RANSOMES’ COMPOUND ENGINES,
FACTOR ...—R.' S. & J.’s Factory, established in 1875, covers 18 acres, and |

employs 1200 to 1400 hands. Theis; productions, which are in use in every
part of the world, have been awarded the highest honours at all the
International Exhibitions in England and abroad.

Ansell’s Patent,

CAI)

Also with Straw-Bruising Apparatus.

er
7S. WEAD RUEFFERIES. |
i NSENE ENGLAND |

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RANSOMES’ TEA SORTER.

VISITORS TO IPSWICH.—R. 8. & J. will be much pleased to see Visitors

. from the Colonies and India interested in Agricultural Machinery at their
Works, and to show them the Special Machines and Implements they |
manufacture. Anyone desiring to visit the Works will please communicate
direct with the Company.

For all Countries,
Soils, and Uses.

i ey, y

RANSOMES’ PLOUGHS OF ALL KINDS,
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES & PRICES POST FREE ON APPLICATION.

NEW, SOUTH WALES.

In these brief pages it is only {proposed to give a short account of New South Wales, the
great “ Mother Colony” from which has sprung all the other English dependencies of
Australasia.

Without going into any detailed accounts of the voyages of the early Spanish, Dutch, and
Portuguese navigators in the waters of the Pacific, it is sufficient to recall] the fact, that the
first Englishman who beheld the Australian coast was the world-renowned buccaneer, William
Dampier, one of the greatest of English seamen. Dampier merely saw a portion of the

orthern coast of the vast Island-Continent, and the present generation of “ Australian
English” owe little to that erratic seafaring genius, inasmuch as his adverse report retarded

ttlement for many years. He briefly denounced the country as a desert, and the inhabitants
as the most wretched savages on the face of the earth, a character which subsequent ethno-
logists have been only too ready to endorse.

It was not until the year 1770 that Captain Cook sailed into Botany Bay, and, unfurling
the British flag, took possession of the Island-Continent in the name of the British Crown. This
was in the reign of George IIL., a reign ill-starred, in that England then lost for ever her great
North American colonies; but during which also, by her unconquerable supremacy at sea, she
was enabled to compensate herself for her losses in the Atlantic by new and glorious acquisitions
in the Pacific. Fitly, therefore, does Captain Cook’s monument proudly stand in Hyde Park,
Sydney, overlooking the Antipodean metropolis which has sprung up on the shores of the series
of exquisite bays which form the Harbour of Port Jackson.

It was not, however, until the 13th of May, 1787, that any serious attempt to utilise these
new possessions of the British Crown was made.

Then it was that England’s great Imperial Minister—William Pitt—despatched Cap‘ain
Arthur Phillip, R.N., with cortain ships to these newly-acquired territories, and with orders to
form a settlement at the Bay which Cook had named from the luxurious vegetation of its
sloping shores.

Phillip finding Botany Bay an unfit spot for his settlement, sailed round to Port Jackson.
There he landed his 750 persons and founded Sydney, so-called after the then Secretary of
State, and established the nucleus of the great Colony of New South Wales, of which he was the
first governor.

Governor Phillip was succeeded by Captain Hunter, and then by Captain King, whose
admirable reign was followed by the troublous times of Governor Bligh; to whom, after the
“interragnum” of Lieutenant-Cols. Johnstone and Paterson, succeeded Governor Macquarie, from
whose time the prosperity of the Colony may not unfitly be dated.

Passing over the time of the early explorers, such as Dawes, Patterson, Hacking, Cayley,
Nann, and Bass, whose discoveries were confined to the const line, we come to that of Wiliiam
Charles Wentworth (afterwards the most illustrious of Australian statesmen), who, with Gregory
Blaxland and Lieutenant William Lawson, in May, 1813, effected a passage across the Blue
Mountains, and discovered the great plains of the interior.

From this achievement of these three pioneers, therefore, may be traced what is accurately
described as the “opening up” of the country. Governor Macquarie turned their discoveries to
account by sending Surveyor Evans and Major, afterwards Sir Thomas, Mitchell, to open up u
pass, following whose discoveries of the “Wide Western Slopes” came the merino sheep
(introduced by Macarthur), and the inauguration of the pastoral era of the Colony.

After the pastoral era (we are compelicd in this brief summary to proceed by “leaps and
bounds”) came the era of the gold discoveries. ‘Chis was followed by the full tide of emigration.
The provines of Port Phillip separated from the “ Mother Colony” in 1851, and became the
Colony of Victoria; and subsequently, in 1859, the district of Moreton Bay was constituted a

150

separate colony under the name of Queensland. From these days the history of New South Wal
is one of ever increasing progress and prosperity. The “settlement,” with its population
1,000 persons, has developed into a great self-governing colony, with a population of nearly
million, and with a metropolis, world-renowned for the pre-eminent beauty of its site, of so
800,000 souls, This briefly is the history of New South Wales from the days of Governor Phillij
to those of Lord Carrington; and it is a not unworthy or ignoble record of a century’
work in what the late Walter Bagehot would call ‘ Nation-making.”

New South Wales is situated between the 28° 15’ and 37° 35’ south latitude, and the 141’
and 153° 35’ east longitude, and comprises an area of 310,700 square miles, which in round
numbers is some 200,000,000 acres, and about three times the ‘extent of Great Britain and Ireland
Sydney, the capital of the Colony, stands on the shores of Port Jackson, a harbour of romanti¢
beauty and surpassing loveliness, not having its equal in the world, Wooded to the water’
edge, and stretching inland in a hundred finely rounded bays, land-locked and secure, where
the mercantile and armed fleets of the world might ride at anchor at one time. The city extends
some four miles north and south, by a breadth of six miles cast and west. It has been estimated
to contain about 125 miles of streets, and some: 40,006 houses, with a population, inclusive of
its extensive suburbs, of close on 200,000. The Botanic Gardens, Government Domain, Hyde
Park, Prince Alfred Park, Belmore Park, Victoria Park, Wentworth Park, Moore Park, and
other public reserves, cover an area of 800 acres, and ure all easily accessible for purposes of
recreation, forming, like those of London, the “lungs” of the rapidly increasing city. Not only
is the population of the metropolis of the Colony increasing with wonderful rapidity, but the
city is being yearly more and more beautified by the splendid new buildings that have been
erected, both for business and residential purposes,

The main wealth of a country is of course its territory, and it is to the rich agricultural
lands as weil as to the boundless pastoral plaina of New South Wales that its present progress
and future prosperity must be chiefly attributed. Glancing at the pastoral interest, it reads
like a romance — though the romance be embedded in Mr. Goschen’s favourite form of
figures. In 1792 the live stock of New South Wales, which was then the whole of Australia,
consisted only of 23 head of cattle, 11 horses, 105 sheep, 43 pigs, and a few goats. In 1885, or
during a period of 90 years, the numbers had increased to 9,000,000 cattle, 80,000,000 sheep,
1,500,000 horses, 1,000,000 pigs. These numbers include the live stock of New South Wales and
the other two colonies which separated from her, viz., Victoria and Queensland—as well
as those of Tasmania, South Australia, Western Australia, and New Zealand, which during the
same period have been chiefly stocked from the offspring of the Mother Colony. In the annals
of the world’s history, no country can show such a marvellous progress in pastoral enterprise;
and the lucky “accident” of the introduction of the merino sheep, from which by careful
breeding and natural differentiation from the original Spanish type, New South Wales, at
the Paris International Exhibition of 1878, “obtained the Grande Medaille d’Honneur,” in
competition against the whole world.

With the increase of population, and by the action of land laws specially designed to settle the
people on small farms, agriculture has more than kept pace with its older pastoral rival. Some
80,000 persons are engaged in agricultural pursuits alone, and 852,000 acres are under wheat,
barley, oats, maize, and other cerepls. This quantity is actually under crop, but some 34,000,000
acres comprise the agricultural holdings of the Colony, of which perhaps 28,000,000 acres are
enclosed.

The following table, compiled from the returns of 21st March, 1885, shows the quantity of
land under cultivation and the produce of each crop :—

Acreage, Produce,

Wheat .. « oo 275,249) 1. «. .. 4,208,894 bushels,
Maize ee eae | | me | Wiis

Barley . oe oe rs ee oe oe 148,869 ”
Oats ee ee ee 19,472 ee ee ° . 425,920 ”
R e ee ee ee 1,1104 ee ee ee 16,789 »
let ee e* 118 oe ee 1,843 ’
Potatoes .. .. «2 12,417 ; 81,3348 tons
‘obacco 1,046 ee oe ee 9,9144 cwta.

T **f ee ee ;
Sorgham and Imphu e 41 °° es ee 187 -

New South Wales, 151

While 7,000 acres classed as productive and 10,500 as unproductive represent the acreage
the sugar cane producing 21,835,072 Ibs.; and 4,584 acres in vines yielding 441,612 gallons
wine, 1,432 gallons of brandy, and 1,465} tons of fruit for the table. There are 6,911} acres
ea producing 4,097,666 dozens of oranges.

te value of Gold mines in N. 8. W. uP to 1884 .. e+ £35,361,550.
ved ‘or 1884, a ee £890, 229.
Aggregate value of Coal mines,in N. 8. W. “ap to 1884 .. «+ £15, 709, 291.
Value of “ output” for 1884 ., oe oe ee ee £1,303,077.

The following table, which is compiled from the ‘Statistical Register of New South Wales
or 1884,’ published by the Government, will show the relative values of the two great mineral
products for the last ten years :-—~

GOLD.
Value,

£.
1,253,475 | 765,134
1,319,918 | 803,300

229 385,55
155, 166,37
122, 629,24
117,977 ,88

1,444,271 | 858,998
1,575,497 | 915,228
1,583,381 | 950,879
1,466,180 | 615,337
1,775,224 | 603,248
2,109,282 | 948,966
2,521,457 | 1,201,942
2,749,109 | 1,303,077

107, 640,38
116,750 ,52
145, 582,05
129,238, 28
122, 256,58
105,983 ,43

In addition to her gold and coal, New South Wales is rich in copper, silver, tin, iron
kerosene shale, antimony, asbestos and bismuth.

The value of her various minerals for 1884 alone is estimated at £2,250,171. While the

ggregate mineral wealth of all kinds to the end of that year reaches a grand total of

64,068, 585.

Besides these minerals, diamonds, rubies, opals, sapphires, and other precious stones are found
n various parts of this rich and highly favoured Colony.

The following, showing in tabular form the shipping trade of the various Australian
colonies during the year 1883, shows that New South Wales, notwithstanding the healthy rivalry
of the younger Colonies, maintains the lead,

Outwards. Total.
Vessels, Tons. Tons.

New South Wales . ’ 2,774 |2,071,048 4,006 , 237
Queensland. . 867 426 , 506 882,491
South Australia 1,074 755 , 839 1,504,765
Victoria. . . 2,064 (1,499,579 2,964,331
Western Australia . . 212 194,829 389, 102
Total . 6,991 (4,947,801 9,746,926

New Zealand . 851 507 , 565 1,002,491
Tasmania . p 648 241,630 471,722
11,221,139

Grand Total | 8, [8,400 [5,606,006 if

To which may be added, that the total number of vessels entered inwards for the year 1884
2,985, with @ tonnage of 2,284,517; while outwards the figures are—veasels, 3,010, tonnage

152 New South Wales,

2,376,441; making a total of 5,945 vessels and 4,660,958 tonnage, as against 5,361 vessels
4,006,237 tonnage for 1883; while the return of the vessels registered in the Colony sho
corresponding incr:ase.

Although these figures afford some slight idea of the enormous material progress of th
Colony, it is necessary to add a few words in order to illustrate the social and intellectual cc
dition of this important portion of our world-wide Empire.

With regard to religion, all the sects stand on the same level of equality, there being
“ Established ” or State Church. These churches are supported entirely;by voluntary subse
tions, as all “State aid” ceased in 1862, except some small outstanding liabilities to the
existing incumbents. Roughly speaking, out of a population of 950,000 there aro some 690,(
Protestants, the great majority belonging to the Church of England, and about 280,000 Rom:
Catholics, the remainder being made up of various nationalities. It may be added that t
Protestant bishop of Sydney, the accomplished Dr, Barry, is the Metropolitan; and that
head of the Roman Catholic Church, Dr. Moran, is the first Cardinal who has been appoin
by the Pope to any British dependency. The Catholic and Protestant cathedrals of St. Mar
and St. Andrew are two of the greatest architectural ornaments of the City.

The education of the rising generation has not been neglected by the State. The Publi
Instruction Act was passed in 1880, and under its provisions the teachers ore classified as ci
servants. Owing to the compulsory clauses, great progress has been effected in the matter
increased attendances, and new schools. The decennial return shows an increase from 1,58
schools in 1875, to 2,585 in 1884, and from 124,756 scholars to 202,519. If we add to these latte
figures the numbers of those attending private schools, we should probably find a school populatio
of some 280,000, or almost one-third of the entire population of the Colony. The gm
expenses of working the Public Instruction Act—in school sites, building, furniture, &c., exceed
£700,000 annually.

The crown of the educational system of the Colony is the University of Sydney, incorpo:
in 1851, and which owes its existence largely to the patriotic efforts of the great Australian
statesman, Wentworth, aided by Sir Charles Nicholson, and other prominent colonists.

It enjoys a public grant of £16,000 annually, but has been enriched by princely bequests from
wealthy colonists, the largest of which is that of Mr. Challis, for £180,000, Its degrees ani
diplomas are both recognised through the British world, and its Professors and Lecture
including, until his death, the illustrious Badham, have always been men of high academi¢
Gistinction,

Following the worthy example of the City and Guilds of the London Institute, the Board of
Technical Education established a Technical College in August, 1 383.

Sydney also possesses a Museum, Free Public Library, and National Art Gallery, where
much of the genius and culture of the Old World has been introduced into the New.

It remains to add that the public piess of the Colony has kept pace with its oth
progressive institutions; and in the admirable daily and weekly journals, the residents o
Sydney have the means of knowing what is going on all over. the civilised world.

Even a summary so necessarily brief as this should serve to show that our race in New South
Wales, though under brighter skies, and under somewhat more democratic social conditions, have
not in any way fallen back from their sires of the old land in the unceasing struggle for existence
that marks the progress of communities as well as the lives of individuals.

New South Wales Government Emigration.—Emigrants are selected by the Agent-Cenenl
or his officers, and selection is limited to such adults as can pay towards the cost of their
passage as follows: £6 for each married couple, single men £4 each, and £2 each for single women.
Children under three years of age, in charge of their parents, have a free passage; and children
of three and under fourteen years are charged for at the rate of £1 each. The selection is made
from England, Scotland, and Ireland, as far as practicable, proportionately to the number of
people of these nationalities already in the Colony, as shown by the last census ; but 10 per cent.
may be selected from other Furopean countries. Sound health and good moral character are
indispensable qualifications. Married couples must not exceed forty years of age cach person,
and are taken with or without children; unmarried men or women must not exceed thirty-five
years of age; and not more than one-third of the whole number of adults shall be unmarried men
When the age excpeds these limits, the contribution for passage-money is increased t.

New South Wales. 158

ee.

PON sateen hile leh tte ttas O
farmers, miners, vine-dreasers, labourers, and domestic servants, are chosen with a
‘view to the requirements of the industrial callings of the Colony. Small working
in any branch of colonial industry are deemed highly eligible. Families with a pre-
of very young children are considered ineligible, Full particulars as to the Govern-
t emigration regulations, as well as the latest facts and statistics concerning the labour

ets of the Colony, may be obtained on application to the office of the Agent-General for New
Wales, 5 Victoria Chambers, Westminster, 8.W,

— A RE cee tee

154 Advertisements.

THE SYDNEY MORNING HERAL

Is the oldest established Newspaper in the Australian Colonies, and in New South Wal
has maintained the highest position for many years past, It circulates widely through
New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, and other parts of Australia,

THE SYDNEY MAIL,
ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY NEWS JOURNA

This paper has been repeatedly enlarged and continuously improved, with a view
adapting it equally to the wants of town and bush residents, It aims to supply the la
trustworthy intelligence to all classes of the community, its news budget being compil
in the oldest newspaper office in Australia, Special attention is devoted to Sporti
Agricultural and Pastoral, and Mining Subjects. The Illustrations are drawn an¢
engraved by the best procurable Artists, and the Fiction, Essays, and other Literary
tributions are from the pens of writers of acknowledged ability,

On reference to the Journal itself, it will be seen that agencies are established through
out ALL THE COLONIES, including New Zealand, also San Francisco, New Caledo

Honolulu, &c,
THE ECHO,
AN EVENING PAPER,

Is Published every Afternoon. It contains the news of the day up to the hour
publication, also general reading maiter.

The intention of the Proprietors is to make the ECHO (which has a large and rapidly
increasing circulation) a bright, racy, outspoken, and entertaining evening paper.

LONDON OFFICE:
8, GEORGE YARD, LOMBARD STREET,

Where Advertisements and Subscriptions are received, and Files of
Newspaper may be seen.

AGENTS.

The undermentioned Newspaper and Advertising Agents are authorized to recei
Advertisements for the SYDNEY MORNING HERALD, SYDNEY MAIL, and ECHO :~

London .,........ Mr. GEORGE STRERT, 30, Cornhill, E.0.
Pm esossseee Messrs. OC. MITCHELL & Co., 12 & 13, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, E.0.
99 cossorees Messrs. BATES, HENDY & Co., 4, Old Jewry, E.C.
2” pesoceee Mr. F. ALGAR, 11, Clement’s Lane, Lombard Street, E.C.

Feinin, sakeasoses - Messrs, GORDON & GOTOH, St. Bride Street, Fleet Street, E.0.
Birmingham... Mr. R. 8. KIRK, 90, New Street.
Liverpool ..... . LEE & NIGHTINGALE, 15, North John Street.

Bristol............ JAMES & HENRY GRAOE, Royal Insurance Buildings.
Edinburgh...... ROBERTSON & SCOTT, 13, Hanover Street,

. o eowes KEITH & Oo., 65, George Strect.

Glasgow......... W. PORTEOUS & Oo., 15, Royal Exchange Place,

New South Wales.

‘SECTION A.—FINE ARTS.

Crass 1.
Paintings and Drawings,

. COCKS, G., Kiama.—Penoramic view
he Coast District of Kiama.

2. COLLINGRIDGE, ARTHUR,
vde,—Oiis and Water Colours.

3 COLLINGRIDGE, GEORGE,
wkesbury River.—Water-Colour Draw-

HERN, CHARLES EB.—Water-Colour
wing, “ Katoomba Falls, Blue Mountains.”

PIGUENIT, W. C., Sydney.— Oil
hinting, “A Billabong on the Murray River,
Price £100,

§. PIGUENIT, W. C., Sydney. — Oil

ating “Sydney in 1882, from North Shore,

pwin, en Palace, destroyed by fire, 22nd
jptem ; 1882.” Price £100.

7. SAYER, JAMES W., Sydney.—
f Painting, “ View on the Kurrajong.”

BB TURNER & HENDERSON,
dney aie rege Water-Colour Draw-
gs of Australian Wild Flowers and Scenery.

». VIVIAN, WALTER H., Sydney.—
: Landscapes painted on Eucalyptus leaves.

10. WATSON, | PLETCHER,
dney.—Four Shotcboe

a WOODHOUSSH, EB. B., Campbell-
n.—Oil Painting. ? -

12, WOODHOUSE, B. B. Campbell-
n.—Oil Painting.

Crass 2,
Sculptures, Die-Sinking, and Embossing.

TURNER & HENDERSON,
aney.—Heraldic, Mercantile, and Colour
nbossing, and Die-Sinking on Paper.

155

Oxass 3.
Architectural Drawings, Models, &e.

14. AUSTRALIAN JOINT-STOCK
BANK (Directors of), Sydney.—Water-
Colour Drawing of New Head Office, Australian
Joint Stock Bank, George and King Streets.
E. H. C. Blackmann and -arkes, Architects,

1. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC
TRUCTION, Sydney.—Designs and
Photographs of Public School Buildings, pre-
pared in the Architect’s Oftice of the Depart-
ment,

16. ELLIS & SLATYER, Sydney.—
Architectural Drawings.

17, PRITCHARD, WILLIAM, Archi-
Sydney. —Drawing of Sydney Exchange,
showing the building.

18, PRITCHARD, WILLIAM, Archi-
tect, Sydney.—Drawing of Messrs. Mort &
Co.’s Wool Stores, Circular Quay, Sydney.

19. PRITCHARD, WILLIAM, Archi-
tect, Sydney. —Drawing of Messrs. Golds-
borough’s Wool Stores, Sydney.

20. SMITH, ROBERT BURDETT,
M.P., Sydney.—Silver Miniature Statue of
Captain Cook, erected in Hyde Park, Sydney.

21.8HEERIN & HENNESSY,
Sydney.—Architectural Drawing, Design of
St. Patrick’s College, being erected at Manly,
near Sydney.

Anatomy and Physiology, Universi
of Sydney.—Design of New Medical Schoo
Sydney University.

SYDNEY MUNICIPAL COUN-
Cc Sydney.—Plans and Drawings of the
Town Hall, and Centennial Hall, Sydney.

Crass 4,
Engravings, Lithographs, &e.

COLONIAL ARCHITECT OF

SOUTH WALES, Sydney.—-Li-

phs of Garden Palace, in which was held
Sydaer International Exhibition of 1879.

ARINE MACHINERY AND D STEAM VESSELS

OF alt Syppe end Sines, Triple henene ne eet =

Yachts,
Land

BREnDEEeSs RPATIMET VALVE GHAR.
UNOAN’S PATENT PROPELLER and VALVE REVERSING LAUNCH ENGINES.

* ROSS & DUNCAN, ’

WHITEFIELD WORKS, GOVAN, GLASGOW.

156 New South Wales.

9s, COLLINGRIDGH, ARTHUR,
Ryde, Sydney.—Wood Engravings.

26, COLLINGRIDGE, GEORGE,
Hawkesbury River.—Wood Engravings.

27, GIBBS, SHALLARD & CO.—
Specimens of Chromo-lithography.

28. TURNER & HENDERSON,
Sydney.—Chromo-lithographed specimens of
Australian Wild Flowers,

Crass 5.

Photography.

2. AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHIC
SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALHBS,
Sydney.—Photographs.

ARMIDALE MUNICIPAL
C a. eee hic Views of Armi-
dale and the New England District.

1 BATHURST MUNICIPAL
COUNCIL.—Photographs of Views in the
City of Bathurst.

32. BAYLISS, CHARLES, Sydney.—
Panoramic View of het and Harbour,
and Views of Public and Mercantile Buildings,
Suburban and Country Residences, &c.

33. BOAKE, B. C., Sydney.-—Photo-
graphic Trophy, commemorative of the New
South Wales Military Expedition to the Soudan,
consisting of portraits of officers and members of
the Contingent.

CAMPBELLTOWN MUNICI-
PAL COUNCIL.—Photographs.

_3 CANEY & CO., Mount Victoria.
‘iver Print Photographs of Subterranean

Views of Fish River Caves and Blue Mountains. | 0

36 CASPERS, RUDOLPH, Goul-
burn.—Photographic Views of Buildings and
Scenery.

37, COLONIAL ARCHITECT OF

N. 8. WALES, Sydney.--Photographic
Views of Public Buildings.

Ghe British

ee gts FOR

H WALES, Sydney.—Panora

Photo, View of Sydney from Garden Palace.

OMMISSIONERS FOR
afiix SIONE.

TH WALES, Sydney.—Photogray

Views of the Streets, &c., of Sydney,

. & COMMISSIONERS FOR

UTH WALES, Sydney.—Photogray

Views of Scenery of the Colony.

41. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLI

WORKS, Sydney.—Photographs of M
tain Scenery, Public Buildings, Railway Wo

&e

42. DIXSON & SONS, Sydney.—P
tograph of Dixson’s Tobacco Works, Park
Elizibeth Streets, Sydney.

43) DORNER, HENRY, Goulburn
Photographs,

44. DRINKWATER, CHARLE

Tamworth.—Photographic Views of Ts
worth, &c. &c,

FORBES MUNICIPAL COU}

46. GEYER, HENRY, Photographa
Hay.—Landscape Photographs, illustratir

Town of Hay and District.

at GOVERNMENT PRINTE
ie)

maz Richards), ee gore — Phot

graphy and Photo-Mechanical Printing. Se
les of Photography and of Photo-Medhani
rinting, executed at the Government Printe

Department, Sydney, New South Wales.

HAY MUNICIPAL COUNCH

Be car of different parts of the to
f Hay.

49. HERFORT, GUSTAVUS, Photo
grapher, Yass.—Photographs of Murrum

bidgee River, and other Scenery.
50. HOLTERMANN, B. O,,

Trustees of the late, Sydney.—L«
Panoramic View of Sydney and Harbour.

Australasian,

.A NEWSPAPER for MBROHANTS, BANKERS, SHAREHOLDERS, COLONISTS at HOME a1
EMIGRANTS, and all interested in the MAGNITUDE and GROWTH of BRITISH INTERES
in AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, TASMANIA, and the WESTERN PAOIFIO.

EARLY, OFFICIAL, and COMPLETE INFORMATION.

9

New South Wales. 157

ic, KERRY & JONES, Photo-
aphers, Sydney.—Photographic Views of
S, W. Scenery.

2, KIAMA MUNICIPAL COUN-
Lb, Kiama.—Photographic Views of Scenes
and around Kiama.

33 LEIBINGER, CARL, Sydney.—
hotographs showing the departure and return
the N. 8. W. Contingent to the Soudan.

LORENZINI, AUGUSTO,
dney.—Two Photographs of Ball-room at
residence of Mr. C. J. Roberts, C.M.G., M.P.,

dney.

MORIARTY, B. O., Engineer-in-
tor for Harbours and Rivers, Sydney.
Photographic Views, illustrating the Sydney
lew Water Supply System.

§. MORIARTY, E. O., Engineer-in-
hief for Harbours and Rivers, Sydney.
Photographic Views, illustrating the Hunter
iver District Water Supply.

. MUDGEE MUNICIPAL COUN-
—Photographs of Mudgee.

& NEWCASTLE MUNICIPAL
OUNCIL.—Nowcastle Photographs.

59 NEWMAN, J. HUBERT, Photo-
rapher, Sydney.—Portrait of the late
rehbishop Vaughan.

6. PAINE, JOHN, Sydney.—Photo-

maphs of N. 8. Wales, and Sydney Harbour and

s

ildings.
61 RANDWICK MUNICIPAL

VOUNCIL.—Photographs.

62. RUSSELL, H. C., B.A., Govern-
hent Astronomer, Sydney.— Photographs.

6 SAUNDERS, ROBERT, Sydney.
hotographs, representing three separate
tone Quarries,at Pyrmont, near Sydney.

SINGLETON MUNICIPAL

POUNCIL.—Photographs of Public Build-
bs, Streets, and Private Residences, Singleton.

Ghe British

65. SLADE, WILLIAM, Sydney.—
Lenina and Architectural Photographs.

66. SLADE, WILLIAM, Sydney.—
ee, Portrait of the Hon. W. B. Dalley, Q.C.,
M.L.C.

67. TENTERFIELD MUNICIPAL
ee Views of Tenter-
field.

68. TAMWORTH MUNICIPAL
COUNCIL.—Photographs.

WARK, WILLIAM, Kurrajong
Heights.—T welve Photographs of Landscape
Scenery.

WEST MAITLAND MUNICI-
P COUNCIL.—Photographs of Town
and Surrounding Scenery.

1. YOUNG MUNICIPAL COUN-
CIL.—Photographic Views of Young.

Crass 6.
Works of Art not Specified.

72, BRAY, JAMES 8. Sydney.—A
Picture representing a “ Wreath of Flowers,”
ary made out of Feathers from Australian

irds.

73° GOSTELOW, E. B., Sydne —
Work of Art, entitled “The Pencil and Pen,
their uses to Man,” and comprising Pencil,
Crayon, and Ink Drawings, Mapping, and
Penmanship.

my LAING, EMMA, Sydney.—Pen-and-
Etching, “ Australian Flowers.”

_& LYON, COTTIER & CO., Sydney.
tained Glass Window. Subject, “ Emble-
matic Figure of Australia.”

76. RICKETTS, JOHN J., Sydney.—
Specimen of Illumination.

77: ZAHEL, L. J., Sydney.—Dessert
Service, Hand-painted with Australian Wild
Flowers.

Australasian,

PECIAL CORRESPONDENTS: TELEGRAMS: WEEKLY RECORD OF £300,000,000

BUSTRALASIAN INVESTMENTS, & TRADE ANNUALLY EXCEEDING £100,600,000.

EVERY THURSDAY, Price 4d. Supplement Numbers, 84. Yearly, £1 post free.
i1sS7, STRAND, Ww .C.

—————————————

158

SECTION B.—EDUCATION
AND APPLICATION OF
LIBERAL ARTS.

Crass 8.

Educational Appliances, Models of Schools,
School Furniture, and Books.

72. CHISSELL, WILLIAM J.,
Department of Mines, Sydney. _—Suther-
land’s “ History of Australia,” from 1602 to
1876. Transcribed into Phonography.

79. MYERS, MARK, Sydney. —
“ Rienzi,” by Lytton, written in Phonography.

80. PRINGLE, JAMES M., Bathurst.
—Geometrical Drawing Board with Models, for
use in Science and Art Classes.

81. REEVE, GEORGE J., Sydney.—
‘Book of Australian Speeches, Lectures, and
Poems. Written in Phonography by the
Exhibitor.

Crass 9.

Maps, Charts, Plans, and Geographical
Apparatus.

82. GOODCHAP, CHAS. A., Com-
. missioner for Railways, Sydney.—Map,
showing the Railway System of the Colony of
New South Wales, with miles in operation, lines
in course of construction, lines authorised, &c.

83. LAMBTON, STEPHEN H.,,
Secretary, General Post Office, Sydney.
—Map showing the Postal and Telegraph Lines
in the Colony of New South Wales.

84. M" VISTER FOR MINES,
Sydney 1) Geological Map of New South
Wales. (—y Mineralogical Map of New South
Wales. (3) Map showing Borings for water
and minerals. [See also Cuass 46a.]

85 RUDDER, ENOCH W., Macleay
River. —Geological Map of the Macleay River
District.

86. ROWLEY, GEO. B. Survey
wee Sydney.—Siation Map of New South
ales.

Established in 1868.)

" Manager.—

Open daily, except Saturday, from 10 to 5, throu ee the year, Pupils can join at any time.
Testimonials from some of the most Eminent Scientific a
Practical Electricians of the day, aS well as a very full Prospectus, may be had on application to the Secretary.

have already passed through the course. Copies 0!

New South Wales.

SCHOOL. OF
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH

12, Princes Street, Hanover Square, London, W.
Wm. LANT CARPENTER, B.A. B.Sc. F.0.8,, A.S8TE

87. RUSSELL, H. C., B.A., Garg
ment Astronomer, Sydney. — J
showing Rainfall of N. 8. Wales.

88. SURVEYOR - GENERAL
N.S. W. (P. F. eros Sydney.—
&e., of Colony.

8. TECHNICAL COLLEG
Sydney.—Geology Class Map.

Crass 10.
Specimens of Worl: done by Pupils in Schau

90. TECHNICAL COLLEGE,
ney.

1 CAMDEN PARK PUB
SCHOOL, Camden Park.

92. FORT STREET MODEL PU
LIC SCHOOL, Sydney.

939 GLEN INNES PUBL]
SCHOOL.

94.GOONELLEBAH PUBL
SCHOOL, Richmond River.

95. JEMBAICUMBENE
SCHOOL.

96. JERILDERIE
SCHOOL.

97, MOLONG PUBLIC SCHOOL.

. MOUNT KEMBLA .PUB
SCHOOL.

99. WATERLOO PUBLIC SCHOO

100. WHITTINGHAM PUBLI
SCHOOL.

101. WICKHAM PUBLIC SCHOO
102, WINDSOR PUBLIC SCHOO.

PUB

PUBLI

Crass 12.
Printing and Bookbinding.

103. FAIRFAX a SONS, JOH
“Herald” Office, Sydney. — Files
as Sydney Morning Herald,” “Sydney Ma

“ Echo.’

[Established in 1863

Upwards of 3,20

New South Wales.

104. FAIRFAX & SONS, JOHN,
Herald” Office, Sydnoy.—Photographs.

105. RICHARDS, THOMAS (Govern-
nt Printer), Sydney.—(1) Printing, Book-
nding, and Account Books. (2) Collection
Books, illustrating operations and processes
tried on at the Government Printing Office,
yduey, New South Wales, comprising speci-
ens of Letterpress, Lithographic, Photo-
thographic, and Photo-Mechanical work, and
ples of Bookbinding and Engraving, and of
ecount Books manutactured for the Public
ervice.

106. RICHARDS, THOMAS (Govern-
ent Printer), Sydney.—Stereotypes, Electro-
pes, Type, and Furniture.

107. HOLMES & CO., J. L., Sydney.—
pecimens of Letterpress Printing, in black
d tints,

108. LYNE, CHARLES, Sydney.—
New Guinea: an Account of the Establish-
nt of the British Protectorate on the
uthern Shores of New Guinea.” Sampson
w, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, London,
885. With Illustrations.

109. WOODS & CO., JOHN, Limi-

Sydney.—(1) Specimen of Wood’s Aus-
lian Diaries. Specimen of Litho.
osters, and Window Bills. (8) Specimen of
eneral Printing and Embossing.

Chass 14,
Scientific Instruments.

110. RUSSELL, H. C., B.A., Govern-
Sydney. — Scientific

111. WIESENER, T. F., Sydney.—
ade by an Apprentice (M. Mendel) in his
orkshop. Compound Microscope.

Ctass 15a.
Scientific Reports and Publications.

1122 COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
OUTH WALES FISHERIES, Syd-
ey.—Catalogue of Australian Fishes, Mol-
usca, and Seals and Whales.

Ar4. COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
WALES FISHERIES, Sydney.
Works on Ichthyology.

“LUXOR.”

159

14. COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
SOUTH WALES, Sydney.—Proceedings
and Publications of the Linnean Society of
New South Wales.

115. FITZGERALD, ROBT. D.,
F.L.S., Surveyor-General’s Office, Syd-
ney.— — Australian Orchids.

116. GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY
OF AUSTRALASIA (Sir Edward
Strickland, K.C.B., President), New
South Wales Branch.—Journal of Pro-
ecedings of Society.

1177 LIVERSIDGE, A., F.R.S., Pro-
fessor of Chemistry, University of
Sydney.—Scientific Reports and other Pub-
lications.

118. ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW
SOUTH WALES, Sydney.—Journal of
Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South
Wales, from 1867 to i884. Vols. I. to XVIIL
(inclusive).

119. RUSSELL, H. C., B,A., Govern-
ment Astronomer, Sydney. — Scientific
Publications.

SECTION D.—FURNITURE
AND OTHER OBJECTS FOR
THE USE OR DECORATION
OF DWELLING - HOUSES
AND OTHER BUILDINGS.

CLAss 22a,
Toys.
120. RUSSELL, JOHN EDMUND

MILLER, Sydney.—Bullion Bank, made of
Colonial wood.

Crass 228.
Furniture and Upholstery.

12t. COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
SCUTH WALBS, Sydney.—Dining-room
Suite of Furniture, constructed by Messrs. Wal-
lach Brothers, York Street, Wynyard Square,
Sydney, to the order of the Commissioners. It
is made of Cedar from the Richmond River. from the Richmond River.

“LUXOR.

THREE DISTINCT QUALITIES :—SPECIAL—FIRST—SECOND.
ALEXANDRIA CIGARETTE CO., Ltd., 63 & 64, New Broad St., London, 5.C,
AGENTS WANTED FOR ALL THE COLONIES.

160

122, COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
SOUTH WALES, Sydney. — Bed-room
Suite of Furniture, constructed by Messrs.
Farmer & Co., of Pitt and Market Streets, Syd-
ney, to the order of the Commissioners, from

Colonial Cedar.

123. COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
SOUTH WALES, Sydney.—(1) Dining-
room Suite of Blackwood ; (2) Bed-room Suite
No. 1 of Colonial Beechwood; (3) Bed-rcom
Suite No. 2, of Colonial Rosewood; and (4) six
Occasional Tables of Blackwood, Black Pine,
Myall, Forest Oak, Beefwood, &c., constructed
to the order of the Commissioners, by Messrs.
Turberville, Smith, & Brown, Sydney.

124. COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
SOUTH WALES, Sydney. — Show-cases
made from Colonial Timbers, so as to show
their adaptability for piirposes of use or orna-
mentation.

125. HAY, ARCHIBALD, Newcastle.
—Onue Wardrobe.

126. HODGSON, H.
Venetian Blinds.

127, HULBERT, BENJAMIN, Syd-
ney.—Billiard 'fable and Fittings, made from
Colonial Blackwood, embellished with carvings
of Australian ferns, &c.

W., Sydney.—

Ciass 28.
Glassware of all kinds.
128. BISHOP, C., Sydney. — Glass
Bottles,

129. POWNALL & CO., H., Sydney.
—Etched and Engraved Glass Tumblers, and
Water Sets, &c.

130. WEBB, FRANK PIGOTT, Syd-
ney.—Engraved Glass Decanters, &c.

Crass 24.

Stone Utensils, Pottery, Porcelain, and
Earthenware.

131. MACARTHUR, GILBERT,
Clyde Pottery,
Pairs Garden Vases.

JEFFREY & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS AND EXPORTERS OF ALL CLASSES OF

ARTISTIC WALL PAPERS (free from Arsenic),

Embossed Leathers and Leather Papers, Hand-printed Decorations, Flocks, Lacquered Gold Papers, Ceiling
and Nursery Papers, AND ALL CLassts or CHeap MAcHine Pitixtep Watt
Highest Awards, including THE GOLD MEDAL, Paris, 1878,
TWO GOLD MEDALS Health Exhibition, 1884.
Factory :—-84, ESSEX ROAD, LONDON, N.

New South Wales.

Camperdown. — Two | smith’s and Silversmith’s work from Aust

Crass 25.
Metalware, Hardware, and Cutlery.

132, ELLIS & SLATYER, Sydney.
The Improved Patent Roller, for movi
weights of various kinds, made of iron.

Crass 27,
Brushware.

133. FOUNTAIN, T., West Maitlan
—Millet Brooms (halt-dozen), small bundle
Millet Heads.

134. JONES, HUGH HENRY, Ray
mond Terrace, Hunter River.—Mill
Brooms.

135. SMALLWOOD, D. J., Pitt To
Hawkesbury River.—Brooms made fr
Native Currant Tree, Brooms made from N
tive Curly Grass.

Cuass 28.
Basketware.

136. PACKMAN, HENRY, Sydne
—-Chairs, &c., of Colonial workmanship an
material, in Basketware. with samples
material.

Crass 80.

Decorative Work, including Carving and
Art Ware.

137, GRANT & MALCOLM, Sydne
—Brackets and Ceiling Ornaments, &c.

138. HATHERLY, WILLIAM, New
castle.—Engraved and Painted Shells.

139. WILLIAMS, CHARLES, Syd
ney. — Painted Imitations of Woods an
Marble.

Cuiass 33.

Ornamental Work in Gold, Silver, and other
Metals,

140. JONES, EVAN, Sydney.—Gold

material.

PAPERS.

New South Wales.

141. MITCHELL, PHILIP, Jeweller,

ey.—Bust of General Gordon, mado of
rling silver from mine at Silverton, mouuted
pedestal of Colonial sandal wood.

142, SYDNEY BRANCH OF THE
OYAL MINT, Sydney.—Coins, Medals,
¢., struck at the Sydney Mint.

SECTION E.—FABRICS.

CLUDING APPAREL, TOILET RE-
QUISITES, AND OTHER ARTICLES
OF PERSONAL WEAR OR USE.

Cass 35a,
Wool.

143. BLACK, JOHN, Musclebrook.—
uh at Musclebrook. Six Fleeces Angora
0, alr,

144. CHISHOLM BROTHERS, Kip-
law, Goulburn. —Grown at Kippilaw,
pper Wollondilly. Six Fleeces Fine Combing,
om Rams 13 months old.

145 CHISHOLM BROTHERS, Kip-
ilaw, Goulburn. — Grown at Kippilaw,

ms imported from Silesia 35 years ago.

144. COLLAROY COMPANY, Limi-
d, Collaroy, Merriwa.—Grown at Col-
y, Merriwa. One bale of Ewes’ skirted
leece Combing. Pure Australian Merino,
llaroy bred.

147, COLLAROY COMPANY, Limi-
Collaroy, Merriwa.—Grown at Col-
oy, Merriwa, One bale Ewe Hoggets’ Comb-
» Pure Australian Merino, Collaroy bred.

148. COLLAROY COMPANY, Limi-

Collaroy, Merriwa.—Groewn at Col-
roy, Merriwa. One Ewe’s Fleece, lightly
irted; cut, 14 lbs.; growth of fleece, 365 days.
ure Australian Merino.

Collaroy, Merriwa. — One Ram’s
eece, cut 20 lbs. lightly skirted. Pure
ustralian Merino,

161

150. COLLAROY COMPANY, Limi-
ted, Collaroy, Merriwa.—Fleeces—Hwes’
unskirtcd; fleece combing. Pure Australian
Merino.

151. COLLAROY COMPANY, Limi-
ted, Collaroy, Merriwa.—4125 Ibs. Pure
Australian Merino.

152. COCPER, R. C., Willeroo, Tar-
ago.—One bale Combing Ewe Hogget, un-
skirted.

153. COX, Hon. GEORGE HENRY,
Winbourn, Mulgoa.—Six Fleeces Saxon
Merino Ewes, fine Combing.

154. COX, Hon. GEORGE HENRY,
Winbourn, Mulgoa.—Six Fleeces Saxon
Meiino Ewes, fine Combing.

155- COX, Hon. GEORGE HENRY,
Winbourn, Mulgoa.—Six Fleeces Saxon
Merino Rams, Combing.

156. DANGAR, MACDONALD
BROS., Wagga Wagga.—Six Fleeces,
Merino Ewe Fleeces, Combing.

157. DANGAR, MACDONALD
BROS., Wagga Wagga.--Six Fleeces,
Merino Ewe Hogget Combing.

158. DARCHY, Mrs. 8., Oxley Sta-

tion.—Superior Combing (scoured) from 4-
tooth Ewes. Australian Merino.

159: DOWLING, VINCENT, Lue,
Rylstone.—One Bale Fine Combing.

160. DOWLING, VINCENT, Lue,
Rylstone.—Six Fleeces Greasy Combing.

161. FETHERSTONHAUGH, CUTH-
BERT, Goorianawa. Mundooran.—Six
unskirted greasy Rams’ Fleeces, Australian
Merino.

162. GIBSON & CO., JAS. T., Union
Works, Bourke.—Six Fleeces, Combing.

163. GIBSON & CO., JAS. T., Union
Works, Bourke.—-Skin Wool.

164. GIBSON & CO., JAS. T., Union
Works, Bourke.—Strong Combing.

165. GIBSON & CO., JAS. T., Union
Works, Bourke.-—Combing Wool ; ordinary
flock.

166. HAMMOND, THOMAS W., Old
Junee, Riverina.—Six Fleeces from 2-
tooth ewes; fine Combing Merino, 12 months’
growth.

ASHFORD & BROOKS.

ONDON: 153 & 154, Gresham House, Old Broad Street, E.C.

IRMINGHAM: Bingley Warehouse, King Alfred’s Place.
Registered Telegraphic Word for both addresses—ASHBROOK.

Mr. FRED, BROOKS will be glad to meet any Colonia! Friends visiting the Exhibition,
Communicate as above. —

162

167. HAMMOND, THOMAS W., Old
Junee, Riverina.—Six Fleeces from aged
breeding ewes; fine combing Merino, 12 months’
growth.

168 HANNAH, DAVID, Cowabee,
Coolaman.—Six Fleeces, greasy clothing.

169. HANNAH, DAVID, Coolaman.
—Six Fleeces.

1700. HAYDON, BERNARD, Bland-

ford.—Six Fleeces.

171. HIGGINS, R. G., Sydney.—Six
Fleeces.

172. HIGG™NS, R. G., Sydney.—One
bai Cross-Bred. , hae 4

173, HOME, F.,
Ew Fleeces. :

174. HUME, F. W., Burrowa. — Six
Rams’ Fleeces.

175. JAMES, C. H., & GRAY, Corowa.
—Six Fleeces greasy Merino.

176. JAMES, C. H., & GRAY, Corowa.
—One bale greasy Merino.

177, JAMES, C. H., & GRAY.—Forty
Ibs. scoured Merino.

178. JENKINS, G., New England.—
Six Fleeces.

179. JENKINS, G., New England.—
Six Ewe Fleeces,

18. LEE, JAMES, Molong, Larras
Lake.—Six Fleeces.

181. LEE, JAMES, Molong, Larras
Lake.—Six Fleeces.

182, MACDONALD, J.M. LINDSAY,
Wallabadah.—Six Ewes’ Fleeces.

183. MACDONALD, J.M. LINDSAY,
W hadah.—Six Rams’ Fleeces.

184. M‘GREER, P., Tumut. — Small
Sample Wool.

185. MANCHEE, J. C., Willow Tree.
—Six Ewes’ Fleeces.

186. MANCHEE, J. C., Willow Tree.
—Six Rams’ Fleeces.

187. MANCHER, J. C., Willow Tree.
—One bale Ewes’ Fleeces.

W., Burrowa. — Six

New South Wales.

188. MANCHEHE, J.C., Willow
—One bale Wethers’ Fleeces.

189. MANCHEE, J. C., Willow
—One bale Ewe Hogget’s Fleeces.

190. MULHOLLAND, G. J., Wag
Wagega.—Six Flock Rams’ Fleeces,

191. MULHOLLAND, G. J., Wags
Wagga.—Six Flock Ewes’ Fleeces,

192, MULHOLLAND, G. J., Wagg
Wagega.—One bale General Flocks.

193. ONSLOW, Mrs. ARTHUR A. We
Camden Park.—Six Fleeces Greasy Merin

194. ONSLOW, Mrs. ARTHUR A, ¥
Camden Park.—Six Fleeces Greasy Meri

195 ORMOND & BROOKE BRO}
Wentworth.—Six Unskirted Fleeces.

196. PEEL RIVER LAND AN
MINERAL CO., Limited.—Six Ra
Fleeces, unskirted.

197. PEEL RIVER LAND AN
MINERAL CO., Limited. — One bi
Combing Wool, Skirted.

19% PEEL RIVER LAND &A
M AI, CO., Limited. — One bs
Olothing Wool, Skirted.

199. PENZER, J., Dubbo.—six Fiee
Merino Rams.

200. ROBERTSON, R. G. A., Dees
water.—Six Fleeces Greasy Combing Merin

201. ROBERTSON, R. G. A., Deer
water.—Six Fleeces Greasy Combing Mering

202, SLOANE, A., Mulwala, — &
Fleeces Greasy Combing, Merino Eves.

203. SLOANE, A., Mulwala.—One bi
of Greasy Wool from maiden Ewes, Merino,

2.4. SLOANE, A,, Mulwala. —§
Fleeces washed Combing, Merino Ewe
skirted.

205. SUCKLING, J. L., Blandford.
One bale Hoggets’ Merino.

206. SUCKLING, J. L., Blandford.
One bale Merino Ewes’ Fleece.

207. SUTTOR, F. B., Bathurst
Ewe Fleeces in Grease, Merino Combing.

208. SUTTOR, F. B., Bathurst.—
Fleeces in Grease, Merino Rams.

a Spdnepy Daily Telegraph and Weekly Tribune,

PUBLISHED IN SYDNEY, N.S. W. AUSTRALIA.

Lonpon Litexany Orricrs: 140, FLEET STREET.

ADVERTISING OrFices: 44, STRAND.

THE DAILY TELEGRAPH has the Largest Circulation of any morning newspat
I

in New South Wales.

Its increase last year was upwards of Four Mi

on Copie

its morning sale on the trams and railways is greater by four to one than that of a

other newspaper.

New South Wales.

209. SUTTOR, F. B., Bathurst.—301bs
BScoured Merino Combing.

210. TOBIN & SONS, A., Coonamble.
—One bale Scoured Fleece, Ewes.

ar. TRAIL BROS. Cassilis.—Qno
bale Merino, Greasy Combing Wool.

212, WALKER, HENRY, Rylstone.—
Six Rams’ Fleeces, Greasy Combing.

213. WALKER, H., Rylstone. — Six
Ewes’ Fleeces, Greasy Combing,

2144. WHITE, H. C., Mudgee—six
Fleeces Greasy Merino,

21% WHITE, H. G.,, Mudgee.—Six
leeces Greasy Hogzet.

216. WHITE, H. C., Mudgee.—One bale
Greasy Combing Wool.

217, WHITE, J. F. & H., Scone.—Six
Fleeces, Greasy.

218, WILSON, HON. WM., Corowa.

Six Merino Ewes’ Fleeces.

219. WOODHOUSE, F. B., Campbell-
town.—Six Fleeces, Combing.

220, WOODHOUSE, E. B., Campbell-
own.—Six Fleeces, Combing.

Cuass 35p,
Wool Fabrics,

221. COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
SOUTH

WALES, Sydney. — Woollen
¢ OOU #8

Crass 38,
Fancy Needlework.

222. CALVERT, Mrs. MARY MUR.
RAY, Marrickville—Pair of Braces
orked in fine Silk.

223, HELLYER, Mrs. E. A., 97
pathurst Street, Sydney.—Two specimens
consh Painting,

224. LEARMONTH, M. J., Rooty Hill.
tewel Work, Cushion, &e.

225. RYAN, M., Mathoura,
peniliquin.—Crewel Silk Work.

226. USHER, 8., Public School, Wan-
anella.—Terra-cotta Wall Plaque, hand-
inted. Small Table-top in Art'N eediework.

via

163
Ciass 394,
Furs and Skins.
227, ALLEY, G. U., Sassafras via

Nowra.—Native Skins.

228. COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
SOUTH WALES, Sydney.—Oppossum
Rug.

am. COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
TH WALES, Sydney.—Platypus

ug.

230. DEERING & SON, Taralga.—

Leather.

231. LODER,
of Skins.

232, LODER, T. J., Bank of N. 8.
Wales, Taralga.—One Pair of Gloves and one
Pair of Socks, mado from the Fur of the N.S.
Wales Opossum.

233. NEWTON, W. R., Little Plains,
Bombala. — Collection of Furs of Native
Animals.

234. WILSON, A. &., Lawson, Blue
Mountains.—Twelve Tanned Snake Skins.

Cuass 39s:
Apparel, Haberdashery, and Travelling
Equipments.
235. LEPLAW, A. M., Corunna, via
Wagonga.—Colonial Woolwork, Knitted.
Ciass 41.
Hats and Caps.

236. COCHRAN, w., Sydney.—Hats
made from the Australian Cabbage-tree Palm,
Corypha australis.

237, PRIDDY & Co., C. F., Sydney.—
Hats.

T. J., Taralga.—Collection -

SECTION F.—RAW PRODUCTS
AND MANUFACTURES FROM
PRODUCTS NOT INCLUDED
IN OTHER SECTIONS.

Cass 46a.

Minerals and Metals and Mining Models.
238. AUSTRALIAN
8) & MINERAL CO., Limited,
Sydney.—Shale (Boghead Mineral) from the
Company’s mine at Joadja Creek, near Berrima.

“= HY DROLEINE “2

The material is rapidly replacing Soap in England for cleansing

U ol,
per pack,

Wool may be washed with Hydroleine at the rate of
Sole Manufacturers—

iu, HARRISON & Co,, Limited, Watling Street Works, Leicester.

u 2

164 New South Wales.

239. BARRIER RANGES SILVER-| 255. KENNEDY, G., Tenterfield.—s
MINING ASSOCIATION, Limited, | cimens of Lode Tin, Jately discovered withi
Silverton Barrier Ranges.—Silver Ores. 8 miles of Tenterfield. Specimens of Grit Ston,

240. BLACKALL & HUNT, Tam- 256. LITHGOW VALLEY Co
worth.—Chrome Iron Ore. LIERY CO., Limited, Lithgow.—T

BLATCHFORD, JO Cubes of Coal from the Lithgow Valley Mine.
I. HN HUX-
HAM, Bell’s Creek, Braidwood. —Speci- | 297: TEV ERSIDGE, Rpt peg
mens representing the different Ores in the lode | © +8; oa Sdn of © Mec stry, Uni¥
of the “El Capitan Gold and Silver Mining versity 0 Sydney. — Collection of Gd
Specimens, Gems, and Precious Stones.

Co.,” Captain’s Flat, Molonglo River.
258. LIVERSIDGE, ARCHIBALD
" aRY CO tin it a Bie scape sae ¥.R.S., Professor of Chemistry ané
imited, Silverton, Barrier | wineralogy in the University of Syd

mrnge: —Silver and Lead Ores. ney.—List of Scientific Papers by.
243, BROWN & KELLY, Trangie—| 29, MINISTER FOR MINES, Sy
Staniniferous Carbonate of Copper. ney.—Collection of Minerals from New Sout

Wales, arranged under the .direction of C.§
4. BULLI COAL MINING CO., Wilkinson, LS., F.G.8., Geological Surveyor i

womerit.—-Bample of Oosl. charge, by J. E. Carne, Curator of Mining an
245. BURWOOD COAL - MINING Geological Museum.
CO., Newcastle.—Sample of Coal. 260. MINISTER FOR MINES, Byaf

246. CARLOS’ GAP COAL MINING | 2°Y:—Mining Maps, &c.
& SMELTING CO.—Iron, Cobalt, Lime-} 261, MINISTER FOR MINES, Syd
stone, Coal. ney.—Mining Reports, &c.
247. CARR, M. W., Proprietor, “Red
Crass ” Mine, The Gulf, near Emma-| 262
ville, New England.—Srecimens of Tin
Ore. 263. MELVILLE, JOHN sM

248. COAL CLIFF COAL CO., Coal Alexandris.—Two Plates Star Antimony.
Cliff, iawarra.—Block of Coal Cliff Coal. + 26 , eae A niywren eee co

249. DEITZ, Temore.—Mining Models. abe hae ic dian aia ,
A pair of Puddling Machines, showing the} 265. N. 8. W. SHALE & OIL COg,
manner of graduating the wash-dirt down to | Limited.— Sample of Shale.

gravel, also the manner in which it is sluiced to
26. NEWCASTLE COAL MINING}
obtain the gold; also mode of elevating the CO., Limited.—Section of Seam of Cval.

water required.
. OPPENHEIMER, A., Sydneye
. ESKBANK COLLIERY CO., 3 Ton of Ore (Auriferous Antimony).

Bai bank, Lithgow.--Coal. 6a
; 268. OSBORNE WALLSEND 7
251. GRETA COLLIERY, Greta.— | TLIERY, Mount Keira, Wollongong. fi »

Cubes of Coal from the Greta Mine. Two Cubes of Coal from top scam, Liatians
252. HAYTON, G., Newbridge. — | district.

Brown Hematite Iron Ore. 269. PASCOE, W., Bath
253. IRBY, E., Bolivia, Tenterfield.— Coal. aret.—Sam v

Collection of Silver Ores. o. PILLAR, J. W., Tenterfield

264, IZAACSOHN, M., Mundle.—Col- Collection of Silver, Tin, and Copper Ores.
lection of Auriferous and other Mineralogical | 271. ROBERTSON, J. B. R., Oa p
and Geological Specimens. hampton Park, West Maitland.—Fossil },

Crown 8vo., Oloth, price 53.

NEW SOUTH WALES AND VICTORIA IN 88

By DOUGLAS M. GANE.
SYNOPSIS OF CONTENTS.—1. Sixty-nine Days at Sea.—-2. Melbourne.—3. The base Fig spd: Australie J
4. Sydney.—5. Australia, and the Voyage thither, considered in regard to Oonsumpti
Seekers and their Chanccs—?7. A Bush Township.—8. Sport on the Blue Mountains of N. SW. ~ Sport ont
Plains of the Interior.
Lonpon: SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON, SEARLE, & RIVINGTON, Crown Buildings, 188, Fleet Street, BC

New South Wales.

272, ROBINSON, H. F., Tenterfield.
—Specimen of Plumbago, from a reef at Under-
cliff.

2733. 8STOCKTON COAL CO,
Limited, Stockton, Newcastle.—Coal.

. SUNNY CORNER SILVER
MINING CO., Mitcholl.—Silver Ore.

5 SUTHERLAND, HON. JOHN,

Fakey.--Werro-Mongenses Oxide, taken from

a shaft 30 feet,Green Swamp, near Bathurst.

The lode crops out on the surtace for three

miles, and it is from 3 to 10 feet wide, in a slate
and limestone country.

276. TAIT, FRANCIS, M.P, — Gold
and Silver-bearing Pyritous Lodestuff, from
jode 20 feet wide, Cookbundoon.

277. VICKERY & SONS, E., Proprie-
tors of the Greta Colliery, Greta.—T'wo
Cubes of Coal.

UMBERUMBERKA SILVER-
MINING CoO., Silverton.--Silver
Ores, characteristic of the lode.

. WALKER, H., Tong Bong, near
Rylestone.—Coal.

280. WALLERAWANG COAL CO.,
Limited, Irondale Colliery, VFPiper’s
Flat, Hartley District.—Samples of Coal.

281. WATSON, R. A., Sydney.—Auri-
ferous Pyritous Quartz, from United Miners
Mine, Major’s Creek, N.S. Wales.

282. WISEMAN’S CREEK SILVER
MINING CO. Wiseman’s Croek. —
Copper Ore.

283.—YOUNG & LARK, Sydney.—
Minerals.

Crass 46.

Indigenous Timber and other Forest Producis.

2834. ALLEY, GEORGE UNDER.
WOOD, Sassafras, via Nowra.—Indi-

genous Timbers :—Forest Oak, Gum, Hickory,
Messmate, Musk, Sassafras.

285 COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
SOUTH WALES, Sydney.—New South
Wales Timbers in ordinary commercial use, and
of marketable value, in planks 6 feet 6 inches
long.

286. DAVIS, THOMAS, Terrigal,
Brisbane Water.—Samples of Colonial Tim-
bers, described by the Exhibitor.

165

287. HIGGINS, ROBERT GEORGE,
Sydney.—Timber Specimens from the Western
Interior Districts of New South Wales.

288. M‘ALLISTER, P., Warren. —
Piece of Colonial Pine, with knot resembling
bird rising out of the water. ,

289. MINISTER FOR MINES, Syd-
ney.—Forestry Exhibits.—Collection of Tim-
bers procured for the New South Wales Com-
mission by the Officers of the Forest Conser-
vancy Branch, Department of Mines of New
South Wales, by the authority of the Minister,
and prepared at the expense of the Commission.

290. MINISTER FOR MINES, Syd-
ney.—Leaf Specimens, with numbers to corre-
spond with Timber Specimens from Department
of Mines.

291. MINISTER FOR MINES, Syd-
ney.—Seeds of Timber Trees. List of Seeds,
the numbers and distinguishing letters on
which correspond with those attached to the
Timber and Leaf Specimens.

292. MINISTER FOR MINES, Syd-
ney.—Timbers for Wood Engraving.

293. MINISTER FOR MINES, Syd-
ney.—Turnery Exhibits, prepared from Tim-
bers collected by the Officers of the Forest Con-
servancy Branch, Department of Mines, Sydney,
for the Colonial and Indian Exhibition Come
mission.

294. MINISTER FOR MINES, Syd-
ney.—Tanning and other Barks.

295. MINISTER FOR MINES, Syd-
ney.—Fibres and Fibre Barks.

296. MINISTER FOR MINES, Syd-
ney.—Gums.

297, ONSLOW, Mrs. ARTHUR A.
W., Camden Park, Menangle. — Stone
Pine Nuts.

298. POWER & UTTLEY, Dubbo.—
Samples of Timber growing in the Dubbo Dis-
trict, and used for house and bridge building.

299. SMALLWOOD, D. J., Caddia
Road, Pitt Town, Hawkesbury River.
—Bracelets and Necklaces made from Seeds.

300. SMALLWOOD, D. J., Caddia
Road, Pitt Town, Hawkesbury River.
—Cabbage Tree Bands for making hats. Gi-
gantic Lily Leaves, used for tying. Native
Sarsaparilla Native or Wooden Pears.

SIEGEL, SPRINGS, STEEL CASTINGS, FILES, &c.

SAMUEL OSBORN & CO., SHEFFIELD.
Lonvon: Victoria Mansions, Westminster, AT NOLD PYE-SMITH, Resident Partner.
SYDNEY: MacBRAIR, OSBORN & CO., 249, Clarence Street,
See detailed Advertisement in Oficial Catalogue, page

166

New South Wales.

gor. SMALLWOOD, D. J., Pitt
Town, Hawkesbury River.—Native Wal-
nut Seeds and Wood; wood used for stocking
guns, &o,; the boughs are used for forage.

302. TATE BROTHERS, Sydney,
Agents for John Donaldson, Wingham,
Manning River.—Large Plank of Cedar.

303. VOLCKERS, HENRY A., Graf-
ton.—Sainples of Seeds of Native Trees,
Shrubs, and Flowers, &c., &o,

4. WHEREAT, BE. R., Tenterfield.—
Collection of Colovial Woods in small blocks.
with bark on, and polished on one side,

Crass 47,
Oils.
#25: AUSTRALIAN KEROSENE
oO & MINERAL CoO., Limited, Syd-

ney; Works, Joadja Creek, near Ber-
rima.—Kerosene Oil.

ay: COMMISSIONERS FOR NEW
SOUTH WALES FISHERIES, Syda-
ney.—Oils from Fish other than edible pur-
poses.

7, ONSLOW, Mrs. ARTHUR 4A.
+» Camden Park, Menangle. — Olive

Oil expressed from olives grown at -Camden
Park in 1884.

308. WALSH, ELLIOT, & RENNIE,
Botany and Sydney. — Neatsfoot Oil,

Trotter Oil,
Crass 48.
Soap, Tallow, Wax, and other Oleaginous
Substances.

09 AUSTRALIAN KEROSENE
OIL & MINERAL CoO., Limited, aye
ney; Works, Joadja Creek, near Ber-
rima.—Candles.

310. DICKSON & SONS, 8., Waver-
ley.—1 cwt. Soap.

ir ONSLOW, Mrs. ARTHUR 4A.
-» Camden Park, Menangile.—Beeswax.

312. PIPER & CO., Tamworth.—-Soap,
Candles,

313. SMALLWOOD, D. J., Pitt
Town, Hawkesbury River.—Beeswax.

314. WALSH, ELLIOT, & RENNIE,
Botany.—Tallow (beef), Tallow (mutton).

Shan

Botany.—Horns, Bones, Hides, &e,

and fancy articles.

sorted Leathers.

Ciass 49,
Hides, Horns, Hair, &e.

315. PARKER, P. J., Bathurst.—Glus,
Bones, Horns.

316. WALSH, ELLIOT, & RENNIE,

Crass 50.
Leather and Manufactures of Leather.

17, ARNOLD, ALFRED EDWARD,
arrickville.—Leather compressed in useful

318. BEGG & SON, Paddington,
Sydney.—Twonty sides of Sole Leather.

319. CARR, JABEZ, South Dubbo
Leather made from Raw Hides, purchased in
the Dubbo District.

320. CRAWFORD, A. R. Moona
Plains, Walcha.—Halters, Hobbles, &c.

321. DAVENPORT & SONS, Sydney,
—NSole Leather, Dressed Leather, Boots and
Shoes.

2, FARLEIGH, NETTHEIM, &
od. Sydney; Factory, Stanley Street,
Concord.—Sole Leather,

323. FORSYTHE & SONS, JAMES,
Sydney.—Sole Leather.

324. HARRISON & WHIFYFEN, Syd-
noy.—Leathers, Fur Skins, &., &c.

325. HAYWARD, GEORGE, Keleo,
near Bathurst.—Basils (skins).

. LUDOWICI, J. C., Sydney—
Mill Belt Manufactures, &c.

_e M‘GRATH, J. J., Wagga Wagga.
addle used as Stock Saddie, peculiar to New
South Wales, designed by the Manufacturer.

328. STEPHENS, 8., Narrabri.---Stock
Saddle. rigs

329. THOMPSON, G. A., Kelso.--Ap

-CLARKE’S New_ Patent

“AIRY” LAMPS AND “FAIRY” LIGHTS

DRAWING and BALL ROOMS, CONSERVATORIES,
For OrnamenteliyvEAING. FEES, AG and DE Tak

i
These Lamps are made entirely of Glass, an

affected by the strongest draught. They burn 10 hours,

SAMUEL CLARKE, Patent

tted with
Double Wicks, giving a beautiful soft, steady light. The last urs burning

al Skudes.

iXe) ;
The Patent “Fairy”? Lights have
ts a erent ee the, fifet, ond are not

Pyramid and Fairy Lamp and Light Works,

OHILD’S HILL, LONDON; and NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A.

New South Wales.

330. WALKER, J. E. P., Cooma and
ulburn.—Saddles.

331. WALSH, ELLIOT & RENNIE,
tany.—Leathers and Basils.

Ciass 51,
Silk—Raw, Cocoon and Thread,

332, BRADY, C. A., Tumbulgum,
River. — Australian Silkworm Co-

THORNE, G., Castle Hill, Parra-
atta District.—Silk Cocoons; Silkworm
ggs; Dried Specimens of Mulberry Leaves.

Crass 56.
Building Materials,
uilding Stone.

335 O NEILL, C., M.1.C.E.—Patent
riificial Caithness Flagging for Footpath,
¢., XC.

336. ROBERTSON, J. B. R., West
aitland.—Two samples Freestone, from a
arry on the above Estate; blue and white.

337 SAUNDERS, R., Sydney.—
mples of Stone from the Exhibitor’s Quarries,
yrmont, which the principal buildings in
dney are built with.

338. VIVIAN, W. H., Manly.—Building
nes,

ote: See under Class 46a, Minerals, for other
exhibits,

Quass 57.
Gums and Resins.

339. COOK, W. H., Sydney.—Grass Tree
um,

40. HARRISON & WHIFFEN,
y.—Gums.

34t. SMALLWOOD, D. J., Pitt Town.

ums.

Crass 60.
Tobacco. :
342. BROWN, E. G., Tumut.—Tobacco

SIE JOHN BENNETT, 65

DIES’ GOLD KEYLESS WATCHES,
£5 to £18.

167
4 > REET, ESRI Be ME
343. EMERY, D. J., al

L HB J., Tumut.—Tobacco

344- SNODDON, A., Tumut.—Tobacco
eat.

HS. SUTTON, A. W., & CO., \
ey Samples Tobacco Leaf, grown in N, 8.
es,

Crass 62.
Materials used for Bleaching, Tanning, and
Currying.
6. HARRISON & WHIFFEN
ajdnay-—Teaning Barks. :

347- MANNING B New-
castle.—Extract of eo ee

348. PARRY & CO., Sydney.—Extract
of Soap.

349. SMALLWOOD, D. J., Pitt Town,
Hawkesbury River.—Wattle Bark.

350. THOMPSON, G. A., Kelso—
Samples of Black Wattle Bark for Tanning.

Crass 63.
Other Products and Manufactures not Specified.

351. ALLEN, C., Quirindi.—Mount
Winger preparations,

352. HILL, G., Sydney.—Oil Paste Shoe
Blacking.

353: HOGBEN, E., Sydney.—Balsam
Mixture (Aniseed).

354. McBRIDE, 8., Sydney.—Articles
made from Cat-gut.

ook: MANNING BROTHERS, hew-
e.—(1) Baking Powder ; (2) Egg Powder.

. PARRY & CO., Sydney.—(1
Baking Powder; (2) Egg Powder.

. PEATE, Lawrence, Eathurst.—
ing Powder, &c.

& 64, Cheapside, London.

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

ENTLEMEN’S GOLD KEYLESS CLOCK WATCHES, of the highest quality,
striking en passant the hours, and quarters, and also repeating the hours, quarters and minutes, £100, £125, £150.

rfect for time, beauty and workmanship. With
plain polished or richly-engraved 18-carat gold cases, fully jewelled, strong crystal glass, air, damp and dust tight,

168

SECTION G.— MACHINERY
AND IMPLEMENTS, MEANS
OF TRANSPORT, APPLI-
ANCES AND PROCESSES

USED IN THE COMMON
ARTS AND INDUSTRIES.

INCLUDING MODELS AND DESIGNS.

CLAss 65,
Railway Plant and Rolling Stock, Tramways.

Wry COMMISSIONER FOR RAIL-
YS, Sydney.—Two Frames of Railway
Trucks, fitted with Messrs. Cowdery and Thomas’
Automatic Couplings, as in use on the New
South Wales Railways.

way COMMISSIONER FOR RAIL-
8, Sydney.—Railway Rails, patented
hy Messrs. Cowdery and Thomas.

Crass 66,
Telegraphy, Telephones, Heliographs, cc.
700. KOPSCH, Charles F, G., Sydney.
—Thre

e Galvano-Medical Induction Coils (own
design).

Crass 67.
Civil Engineering and Architecture.

361. MSDONALD, J. A., M.LC.E.,
Assistant Engineer, Roads and Bridges
Department, Sydney.—New form of “ Ex-

ansion Roller for large Iron Bridges ;” invented
fy Exhibitor, and patented in New South
Wales.

Cass 68,
Ocean, Coast, and River Navigation.

362. HUNTER RIVER NEW STEAM
NAVIGATION COMPANY, Sydney.—
Water-colour Drawing of $8.8. “ Namoi.”

. NEWCASTLE STEAMSHIP
Cc ANY, Sydney.—Water-colour Draw-
ing of P.S. “ Newcastle.”

PORT.

20/- to 3G6/-

New South Wales.

Choice dry, rich and excellent
Light or full-bodied. | flavour, a te ii and old | Fine Natural.
n bottle.

40/- to 60/-

- ORIENT STEAM NAVIG
TION COMPANY (LIMITED), Geo
Street, Sydney.—Models, Diagrams, Pho
graphs, and Lithographs of Steamers j
Australian Trade.

Boy, PENINSULAR & ORIENTA;
STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY
George-street, Sydney. — Photographs ¢
P. & O. Company's S.S. “ Massilia ”
“ Khedive,” and of Company’s Offices, Geor,
street, Sydney.

Cass 74,
Aerated Waters and Bottling Machines,

366. MONK, D. J., Sydney.—Improve!
Patent Stopper for Aerated Water and Win
Bottles, and improved form of Bottle; the i
vention of the Exhibitor.

SECTION H.— FOOD PRO.

DUCTS.
Cass 78.
Sugars, Syrups, &e.
367 COLONIAL SUGAR RE
FINING COMPANY, Sydney. —

Sugars, &c., from New South Wales Cane,
grown on Northern Rivers.

368. COLONIAL SUGAR RE
FINING COMPANY, Sydney—
Sugars, &c., from Fijian Plantations and Mills
of the Company.

369. MILLAR, D., Harwood Island,
Clarence River.—Sugars,

370. MORRISON, G., Clarence River.
—Unrefined Sugars (2 Samples), grown on
Richmond River.

371. NICOLL, B. B., Sydney.—Samples
of Sugar grown on the Richmond River.

2, PERIGO BROTHERS, Sydney.
—Golden Syrup.

BARTON & CO., WINE MERCHANTS, LONDON.

West-End Offices: 59, ST. JAMES’ STREET, W.

VINTAGES,
1820, 1834, 1847,
46/- 0 72/- | 1851, 1858, 1854.

New South Walea.

Crass 79.
Breadstuffs, and Articles made therefrom.

373: BROWNE, G. W., Deniliquin.—
our.

374 BUCKLEY, W., Tumut.—(Shown
apne the Tumut Agricultural Society.—
atmeal.

375 COHEN & LEVY, Tamworth.—

Jour.

376. COHEN & LEVY, Tamwo:zth.—
orn Meal.

377° CONLON, MRS. B., Windsor.—
aize Meal,

378. CONLON, MRS. B., Windsor.—
faizena.

379. COX, W, G., Goulburn.—Flour.”
380. DALTON BROTHERS, Sydney.

lour.
381. FAINT, G., Armidale.—Flour.

382. HARDMAN BROTHERS, New-
own.—Biscuits.

383. KITE, W., Bathurst.—Flour.

384 McGEB & QUINN, Parkes.—
our.

385 M’GILLIVRAY, D., Gilmore.—

lour,

386. MATTHEWS & SON, Bathurst.
Wheaten Flour.

387, MOORE & CO., Armidale.—Flour.

aising Flour.

389. PARRY & CO., Sydney.—Maize

Heal.

390. PEATE, L. G., Bathurst.—Selt-
eelsing Flour.

1 REYNOLDS, J., Wagga Wagga.

ENAMEL

169

2. RICHARDSON, diy & co., Armi-
dale.—Flour.

393: SMALLWOOD, D. J., Pitt Town,
Hawkesbury River.—Maize Meal.

394. SUMMERS, J., Tumut. — Maizo
Meal.

395. UTZ, F., Glen Innes.—Flour.

396. WADE & CO., J., Dungog and
Sydney.—Maize Bran.

Crass 80.
Arrowroot, Tapioca, Sago, &e.

397, COLE & SON, W., Toimago.—
Arrowroot.

398. CONLON, Mrs, B., Windsor.—
Arrowroot.

99. MUNN, A. L., Merimbula,—Mai-
zena or Corn Flour.

400. SMALLWOOD, D.J., Pitt Town,
Hawkesbury River.—Arrowroot from Po-
tatoes.

401. SMALLWOOD, D. J., Pitt Town,
Hawkesbury River.—Arrowroot

402. WADE & CO., J., Dungog and
Sydney.—Corn Flour.

403. WADE & CO., J., Dungog and
Sydney.—Rice Starch.

Cass 81.
Butter, Cheese, and other Fatty Substances.

eet ALLEN, W., Bega District.—
eese,

405. BELL, J., Robertson.—Butter.
406. BLACK BROS., Monara.—Checse.
407. BLACK, J. M., Bega.—Cheese.

(ene co OS si

PAINTING,

AT COST OF ORDINARY PAINT:

HOWARD & SONS, DECORATORS, 25, BERNERS STREET, W,

170

408. BLENCOWE, T., Burrawang.
Butter.

409. BRANDON, T., Burrawang.—
Butter.

41.0 BRESNAHAN, D., Burrawang.
—Buitter,

411. BROWN, W., Robertson.—Butter.
12 BURRAWANG FARMERS’
CLUB AND WEST CAMDEN AGRI.
CULTURAL SOCIETY.—Various Ex-
hibits.
413. CURTIS, J., Robertson.—Butter.
414. GAY, R., Robertson.—Butter.

pis GRAHAM, J., Burrawang. —
r,

417, HAND, R., Bega.—Cheese.

418. HINDMARSH, W. R., Robert-
son.—(Shewn by the Burrawang Farmers’
ee West Camden Agricultural Society.)
—Butter.

419. M‘GRATH, J., Burrawang. —
(Shown by the Burrawang Farmers’ Club and
West Camden Agricuitural Society.)--Butter.

420. M‘PAUL, R., Robertson.—(Shown
by the Burrawang Farmers’ Club and West
Camden Agricultural Society.)—Butter,

421. MANNING, J., Bega District.—
(Shown through the Bega Agricultural Society.)
~—Cheese, made from milk of cows fed upon
natural grasses,

New South Wales.

422. MILLER, J. R., Burrawang
(Shown by the Burrawang Farmers’ Club
West Camden Agricultural Society.)—Butter,

423. MOORE, J., Burrawang.—(Sho
by the Burrawang Farmers’ Club and Wi
Camden Agricultural Society.)—Butter.

424. MOSES, R., Burrawang.—(8h
by the Burrawang Farmers’ Club and Wi
Camden Agricultural Society.)}—Butter.

425. OTTON, H., Bega District.
(Shown through the Bega Agricultural and P
toral Society.)—Cheese, made from milk of co
fed upon natural grasses

426. RODGERS, R., Bega District.
(Shown through the Bega Agricultural Society,
—Cheese, made from milk of cows fed upoy
natural grasses.

427. SEERY, M., Burrawang.—(Sho
by the Burrawang Farmers’ Club and W
Camden Agricultural Society.)—Butter.

428. SEERY, T., Burrawang.—Show
by the Burrawang Farmers’ Club and Wes
Camden Agricultural Society.)—Butter.

429. TOOTH, R. L., Bega District.
(Shown through the Bega Agricultural and
Pastoral Society.)—Cheese, made from milk
of cows fed upon natural grasses.

430. WILLIAMS, D., Robertson. -
(Shown by the Burrawang Farmers’ Club and
West Camden Agricultural Society.)—Butter,

[The remaining portion of the New South Wales Exhibits can be ascertained from the Special
Catalogue, which may be procured on application at the New South Wales Court, and which
will also appear in the second edition of this Catalogue.]

Advertisements. 171

{Telephone No, 8777.

Telegrams—* Retsor, Lonpon.”]

ESTABLISHED 1829.

.B. FOSTER & SONS,

ALE, BEER,
YDER MERCHANTS.

MINERAL WATER MANUFACTORERS,

FOR THE HOME AND EXPORT TRADES.

HEAD OFFICES :

27, BROOK STREET, BOND STREET, W.
HOME STORES:

242 and 244, MARYLEBONE ROAD; and

2-16, LISSON GROVE, N.W.
EXPORT DEPOT:

CTORIA STORES, NORTH WOOLWICH, E,

LONDON.

INERAL WATER MANUFACTORY,
242, MARYLEBONE ROAD, N.W.

AGENTS FOR—

$3 & Co., Burton-on-Trent. A, Guinness, Son & Co., Dublin,

M. B. FOSTER & SONS

ave the Exclusive Supply of Bottled Beers to
THE COLONIAL AND INDIAN EXHIBITION,

172 Advertisements.

Se eee See ise agrees

JAMES MCEWAN & ,
WHOLESALE & RETAIL IRONMONGERS, IRON MERCHANTS, & IMPORTERS of MACHIID
MELBOURNE, NEW ZEALAND, and SUVA, Fidl.

PPL PPD RPRINING LI NID

General Offices, Furnishing Showrooms, and Rotana are
Retail Departments—

81, ELIZABETH STREET. | LITTLE COLLINS ‘ST. WEST

Lron and fAletai Warehouse and {Machinery ett a0, ELIZABETH STREET,
MELBOU RN

Branch CHlarchouse any Ollices: “SUVA, FIJI.

GALVANIZED CORRUGATED IRON, FENCING WIRE, WIRE NETTING

And other STATION REQUISITES, specially sth ported:
Magnificent Stock of Sterling SILVER GOODS and first quality ELECTRO-PLATE,

In every variety of style, from the leading English, Continental, and American manufacturers.

CUTLERY FROM THE BEST ENGLISH HOUSES.

The largest and choicest selection of GAS LAMPS and BRACKETS, MARE
CHIMNEY PIECES, and GENERAL IRONMONGERY, in the Colony.

Agents for W. A. Wood’s Reaping and Binding Machines, Robey!
Engines, Fawcett's Brickmaking Plant, Bic, Bec. &c.

—

JAMES McEWAN & CO.

Export Metal, Hardware, and General Merchants for the Australia
Colonies, New Zealand, and Fiji,

27, LOMBARD STREET, LONDON, E.C.

Oontractors for the Supply of Railway, Enginecring, Gas and Water Plant, Material
for Ship Building and Public Works, and Machinery of all kinds ; and Importers¢
Australian and New Zealand Produce on Consignment.

SOLE AGENTS FOR THE COLONIES for MARCH'S PATENT STREET SWEBPER

VICTORIA.

By James Tomson,
Secretary to the Royal Commission for Victoria.

the comparatively limited space, allotted for the introductory notices of each of the
blonies represented at the Exhibition, it is not possible to give anything like a detailed
ription of their varied products and resources, or of their remarkable inaterial and social
velopment and progress. ‘This is more particularly the case with the colony of Victoria, ono
f the youngest members of the great family of the British Empire, but whose history and
Nyancement is amongst the most interesting and wonderful events of the century. With the
ew of farnishing the people of Great Britain with the lates/ and most reliable information
specting the Colony—its progress, resources, and future prospects—-the Government ha:
ough the Royal Commission for Victoria, prepared a handsomely illustrated ‘ Handbook of
ictoria” for circulation in connection with the Colonial Exhibition. This work contains
pecially written article: by gentlemen possessing extensive and diversified Australian
kperience,and who are recognized as authorities on the subjects which they have severally
ndertaken. The history and progress of the Colony, its leading industries, and the social and
aterial condition of the people, are all fully dealt with, while numerous engravings are given of
hharacteristic scenery, public buildings, mines, vineyards, and other objects of interest. It is
Mainly from Mr. Julian Thomas’s interesting article on Victoria that the present notice has
een taken, want of space only compelling its curtailment.
Mm The colony of Victoria lies at the south-eastern extremity of the vast Australian continent,
etween the 34th and 39th parallels of south latitude, and the 141lat and 150th meridians of east
pngitude. Its extreme length is about 420 miles, its greatest breadth about 260 miles, and its
xtent of coast line nearly 600 geographical miles. On the north and north-cast it is bounded
y the colony of New South Wales, and on the west (by the colony of South Australia. On the
outh-east its shores are washed by the Pacific Ocean, and on the south by the Southern Ocean.
he area of Victoria is 87,884 square miles, or 56,245,760 acres, being about a thirty-fourth of
he whole continent of Australia, and nearly as large as England, Wales, Scotland, and
reland combined. Although not the largest of the Australian colonies, Victoria is the most
opulous, now containing, it is estimated, one million inhabitants, being 40 per cent. of the
population of all Australis. It also with justice claims to be the richest and most prosperous
of England’s colonies in the Southern hemisphere.

Several attempts were made in the early part of the present century to colonise that part of
ustralia now known as Victoria, but they ended in failures, and it was not until the year 1835
hat permanent settlement was commenced on the site at present occupied by the city of
Melbourne. Good land was discovered in various parts of the district then known only as Port
#Philip, and a steady stream of population soon set in. Melbourne, the infant city, was named
ufter the Prime Minister of Englarfd at that time, and it soon rose into importance. In 1850,
nly fifteen years after its settlement, Port Philip had a revenue’ of £230,000, its Exports
nmounted io nearly a million sterling, and its population had increased by rapid strides to
6,000. ‘This was a year before the discovery of gold, which “ uplifted the Colony in a uight to
he position of a nation and a power in the world, and advanced her destinies hundreds ot
vears at one bound.” In the year 1851 Port Philip became a separate colony and was
amed “ Victoria,” in honour of the young Queen who had recently ascended the throne of
England, and who has ever since ruled the vast Empire of which Australia forms a part.
he discovery of gold in 1851 gave the {Colony a wonderful impetus at the time; when
people from all parts of the world hastened to the Californian gold-fields, Australia suffered
Min losing hundreds of her people, who flocked thither. This in the end, however, proved a
blessing, for when the gold-seekers returned they were struck with the similarity between

174 Victoria.

the rock and soil of their adopted land and that they had just left. They sought for g
and found it. A man named Esmond discovered it in quartz rock at Clunes. Then it
found at Buninyong and at Ballarat. When the reports reached Melbourne, members
all classes were seized with the gold mania, and there was a “rush” to the gold-fie
Desks, offices, shops, ships were deserted. Closely following the Ballarat finds came those
Mount Alexander and Bendigo, which fanned the flames of excitement to a frenzy.
people were “drunk with the hope of gold.” From every quarter of the globe ships sail
into the once peaceful harbour. Victoria was crowded with searchers for fortune; in on
year nearly 80,000 immigrants being added to the population of the Colony. From that tin
it has advanced with giant strides, Well may Victoria and its capital be termed m
vellous! Well may old men who remember Oovllins Street as a broken forest shake the
heads when they gaze upon the fashionable crowd on the “Block,” and feel like Tulliv
that “ the world is too much for them.” Who would recognise in the Melbourne of 1886 {i
“bush town ” of thirty years ago? Then the streets were full of gum-tree stumps and deep n
The principal thoroughfare, Elizabeth Strect, was for months in the year a flooded quagmi
in which on one occasion a waggon and team of horses were absolutely swallowed up, a
bullock drays were daily bogged. Iron buildings end bark “ humpies” were seen on evej
hand, and what is now the important municipality of South Melbourne was a field of ter
known as Canvas Town. The old pioneers who have not “made their pile” tell stran
tales of the doings in those early days when Gold was King, and each man did that whig
was right in his own eyes. Yet the records of crime are very slight. The rude, rough, bh
life on the gold-fields, whilst it produced a few bushrangers, tempted by the enormous spoi
within their grasp, was not productive of petty offences, With gold flowing from ever
man’s hand and pocket, hunger and want were unknown there. Melbourne may not ha
been very moral in those days, but of “habitual” criminalg it had few, and the vag
and the pauper were unknown.

Melbourne is now one of the most beautiful capitals in the world, and it is also the mo
populous and important city in the southern hemisphere. Including its suburban municipalitig
eighteen in number, all lying within a radius of ten miles from the Town Hall, it contaisf
825,000 inhabitants. Mr. Anthony Trollope well described it as “one of the most successful
cities on the face of the earth.” It is well laid out with wide and regular streets, with broai
side-walks well paved and lighted. Tree planting in the streets hes been extensively carrial
on, giving a pleasant shade as well as refreshing the eye. The buildings are not only handsome
but many are of great architectural merit. The cathedrals and churches, schools, Parliameti
Houses, Treasury, Town Hall, Post Office, Law Courts, Custom House, University, Museum, Fre
Library, National Gallery, clubs, theatres, and other public institutions are worthy of special
admiration. The banking corporations are settled in buildings which would adorn Lombard
Threadneedle Street. The wharfs on the banks of the Yarra now give accommodation to larg¢
ocean-going steamers. The shops and warehouses are equal to those of most cities in the Old
World. Everything necessary to make life content and easy ean be procured in Melbourne. All
the suburbs are connected with the heart of the city by railways and the most perfect system of
tramways in the world. And the mansions in the fashionable suburbs are only less gratifying
evidences of the prosperity of the people than the thousands of pleasant cottages which one se
on every road within a few miles of the city. Any visitor to the Colony must be struck with thé
perfect arrangements for water supply. There is hardly tHe smallest cottage without its bail
room. The most important reservoir is the Yan Yean, which is an artificial lake at the foot d
the Plenty Ranges, nearly nineteen miles from Melbourne proper. The numerous parks ant
reserves and public gardens in and around Melbourne are heritages sacred to the health and
enjoyment of the people, which astonish the “ new chum” from crowded Haropean cities, whe
one is taxed for space to breathe. This is above all a place for the people. In no large town
the world has-a working man so many enjoyments as in Melbourne, or so many privilege
There is no State Church here, but free State schvols give secular instruction to children whow
parents may be willing to accept it. Children between the ages of six and fifteen who do not atten
the State school must give evidence that they are educated at a private school up to a given
standard. The whole country, as well as the metropolis, is dotted with State schools. The Fre
Library, Museum, and Picture Galleries, and the Botanic and Zoological Gardens afford fre

Victoria. 175

—$—$—$ $$ LLL LL LL
sation and instruction to the labourer and mechanic, as well as to the clerk or shopman.
Melbourne is plentifully furnished with provident, charitable, literary, scientific, and social
ustitutions to suit all classes and creeds. In the matter of amusement, the inhabitants of the
metropolis are furnished with four theatres and several music-halls. At the Exhibition Building
and at the Town Hall grand concerts are weekly given. Besides the Mayor and Town Clerk, the
wo greatest civic functionaries outside London, Melbourne possesses a “city organist,’ whose
nosition in the musical world is as that-of the Poet Laureste in literature. But theatre and
soncert-loving as are the Victorians generally, it is in outdoor sports that they chiefly relax.
ricket, lawn tennis, football, rowing, yachting, and bicycle riding are the most popular amuse-
ments. In cricket our native youth have made their mark against the Gentlemen and Players of
ngland at Lord’s. There are no more perfect arrangements of the kind in the world than those
at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, where the members’ pavilion is not only a “ grand stand,” but
Pyossesses dining, billiard, and bath-rooms. Football is as popular here as in some parts of
nglaud. It is proposed that a football team shail be shortly sent to Great Britain from
Victoria. Next to cricket, horse-racing absorbs the affections of the Victorian people. In any
new township a racecourse is one of the first things laid out. Young Australian natives of bo'h
sexes are as much at home in the saddle as Arabs or Comanche Indians. Melbourne possesses
wo first-class racecc wses within a few minutes’ ride by rail from the city. At Flemington the
greatest race in Australia, the “Melbourne Cup,” is run early in November (our spring). From
pyery part of the continent people of all classes then flock to Victoria’s metropolis. The “Cup
Week” is the Carnival of Australia. If Flemington is like Epsom, Caulfield course may be said
o be the Ascot of Melbourne. The stranger at the Cup meeting will perhaps get a better sample
of Victorian customs than anywhere else. There is an annual attendance of not less than 100,000
people on Cup Day, yet the “ new chum” will be surprised to see that policemen are conspicuous
py their rarity, that there is scarcely a trace of drunkenness, and that amongst the vast crowd, the
members all well dressed, and with money in their pockets, nothing but good-humoured order
Mrevails. Here, where every one’s working hours are so much shorter than in other parts of the
yorld, the toiler with hand or brain has no temptation to make a Saturnalia of his holiday.
where is less drunkenness in Victoria and as little crime as anywhere in the world.

Victoria, however, should not be judged only by its metropolis, The inland townships
leserve mention. Ballarat, the second city in the Colony, is situated exactly 100 miles from
Melbourne. It well bears the title of the “Golden City.” In the early duys, the gold-yielding
powers of Ballarat, were simply marvellous. No district in the world produced so much gold
n such a short space of time. It has been stated that, in many instances, “claims,” not more
hen 8 feet square and about the same depth, yielded from £10,000 to £12,000 each. At the
Prince Regent mine, men made as much as £16,000 each for a few months’ work. At one claim,
tubful of dirt yielded £3,325. The “Welcome Nugget,” found in 1858, was sold for £10,500.
Those dayshave gone, but Ballarat, as it is now, is still more wonderful than when gold was, in
ery truth, “ more plentiful than blackberries,” when it was “scattered a thousand times like sesds
ppon the earth.”” Anthony Trollope, some thirteen years ago, said with justice, of Ballarat, that
t struck him with more surprise than any city in Australia, that “in point of architectural
excellence, and general civilized city comfort, it is certainly the metropolis of the Australian gold
fields.” Sturt Street, the principal thoroughfare, is a mile and a half long, 200 feet wide, and has
p fine row of trees in the centre. The principal buildings on either side are the City Hall, Post
Difice, Mechanics’ Institute, banks, theatre, hospital, and several large churches. The population
840,000. The reservoire from which the water supply is obtained have a storage capacity of
600,900,000 gallons. These works cost £300,000. Lake Wendouree now adds to the charming
spect of the city; hundreds of small yachts, miniature steamers, and rowing boats in numbers
loat on the lake, which is stocked with perch, trout, and carp. The Botanical Gardens, on the
bther side of the lake, are prettily laid out and well kept. The finest wool in the world is pro-
Huced near Ballarat, and on Sir William Clarke’s estate, a few miles from the town, and on the
mall farms in the forest of Bungaree splendid crops are grown. Ballarat, of which a picture
may be seen close to the Golden Arch in the Victoria Court, is now not only “a city of gold,”
but is an important inland centre. A charming picture of Ballarat as it appeared in 1851 ig
hown in the Fine Arts Section of the Victoria Courts, and a comparison with the view of the
bity in 1886 will show its remarkable progress.

|

176 Victoria.

Sandhurst, or, as it was formerly termed, Bendigo, is a little over 100 miles from Melbourr
It has about the same population as Ballarat, 40,000. In 1851, shortly after the first go
discovery, Sandhurst was found to contain that precious metal in such abundance that in a sho
time it became famous for the number of its immense nuggets, the best known of which was t}
“Victoria Nugget,” which was bought by the Victorian Goverment and presented to H
Majesty. In 187° Sandhurst took rank as a principal Victorian city. It is certainly equal
any European city of the same size. The most prominent buildings are the Masonic Hall, th
Town Hall, and hospital, together with a very fine theatre. The stroets of Sandhurst
beautifully planted with English trees, the cool shade of which is as pleasant to visitors as {
the residents. In the centre of the town is a public fernery known as “ Rosamond’s Bower!
Pall Mall is the principal business thoroughfare. The streets have a total length of about 10
miles, Sandhurst is rich in other ways besides gold. The district produces yearly more that
1,000,000 bushels of grain, 17,000 tons of hay, and some 100,000 gallons of xood wine. Fruits q
all kinds grow most luxuriantly in the volcanic soil. An excellent panoramic view of Sandhy
as shown close to the gold arch of Victoria.

Schools of Mines have been established at Sandhurst and Ballarat, to which are attachelj
museums, containing geological and technological specimens, models of mining machinery ani
mining plant, sections of mines, and geological maps and plans. At these schools instructiy
is given not only in the various branches of science connected with mining operations, in th
theory and practice of mining and safe conduct of mining works, mining surveying and mininj
engineering, but also in many other subjects not necessarily connected with mining. Student
at the Sandhurst school number about 380, and at the Ballarat school about 500. The annual
income of the two institutions is about £5,900, of which all but £1,900 is granted by Government
Schools of Design have also been established at twenty-five other places in Victoria, in connexio
with a Royal Commission for promoting technological and industrial instruction, There ¢
over 2,800 pupils on the rolls of these schools. An exhibition of the works of pupils is ho
yearly in Melbourne, and local exhibitions are held in other towns.

Geelong, which takes rank as fourth in Victorian cities, is picturesquely situated in Cori
Bay. At one time it was thought it would coutinue to rival Melbourne, and from its find
harbour, position, and rich back country there wos a good foundation for the idea. But an ide
it remains, although Geelong is ever ready to come to the front. Some important woollet
factories are situated here, and “ Geelong tweeds” are celebrated in the colonies, There is 1
danger of any “ Mississippi wool” getting into this fabric. In the Western District of Victori
there ere many important towns, Warrnambool being the chief centre as well as an importani
shipping port. Belfast and Portland rank next to Warrnambool as sea-port towns. Hamilton
nearer to the South Australian border, is the capital of a fine pastoral district. In the east, Sale
is the chief town in Gippsland, an extensive and prosperous division of the Colony, which wa
c\scovered by Mr, Angus MacMillan in 1889, Wechuca, on the Murray, is the principal city ing
the North of Victoria. In the old days this was a crossing-place for steck from New South
Wales. From Echuca there is a vast river traffic, During the winter months, when th
Murray’s waters are swelled by the thousand tributaries from the Australian Alps, steamers plf
to Albury on the one hand, and to South Australia, New South Wales, and far inland rivers a
the other. Echuca, a river-port, is only second to Melbourne in the amount of its shippin
tonnage inwards and outwards. Castlemaine, Stanwell, Maryborough, Kyneton, Hamiltoy
Warrnambool, and Horsham, are all handsome Victorian towns; these, with the names of @
number of others, being shown in the Court.

It is but 50 years since the first settlement was made in Victoria ; now it possesses a millio
of inhabitants. Melbourne, its capital, is the largest city in the Southern hemisphere, it
population being 320,000. The country is traversed by a network of 1,700 miles of railway, and
dotted with prosperous townships. Its imports are valued at £20,201,638, its exports af
£16,050,465. Last year gold yielded 778,618 oz.; pastoral produce about £10,000,000; agricul:
tural produce £6,500,000. Manufacturing interests have been fostered in the capital and othey
towns of the Colony; the yearly value of manufactured goods is computed at £13,500,000. There
ure State schools and churches and newspapers everywhere—of the latter, five “ dailics” i

a Sh a nt

177

elbourne. The Colony possesses an Observatory and a Government Astronomer, who, like the
overnment Botanist, isa scientist of world-wide repute. Victoria has also a military and naval
pre, and the shores aro well protected. Victorians are proud of their Colony, but they are also

piversity boats in the memorable struggle of the 3rd of April lest was a Victorian born
> man; Mr. 8. Fairbairn, who rowed No. 5 for Cambridge, and Mr. Robertson, who pulled
jo, 3in the Oxford boat. On several previous occasions Victorian natives have occupied similar
Positions, while as members of various Australian elevens, they have well maintained the honour
their adopted home in the cricket field. ‘here is room for many of the British race ;
br although, by the side of the flocks and herds of the squatter, one sees the corn-
gids and potato-patches of the small farmer, and the vineyards of the wine-maker, there
plenty of forest yet to be cleared aud good land to be cultivated. ‘There is a tendency
n Victoria, as in all the colonies, to centralization in the cities and townships, the urban popu-
ption amounting to more than half the population of the whole Colony. The factories and
techanical trades absorb perhaps too large a proportion of our youth. Girls, too, prefer to
ork sewing-machines in the clothing warehouses to domestic service, although they would find
he latter a better paid and easier employment. Tho immigrants most welcomed in Victoria
ill be female servants and country labourers, men who can fight churlish Nature, or train hec
b softer moods, as the early pioneers of the Colony did.
To the early pioneers of Victoria may be traced much of the spirit of enterprise and
prseverance which has always characterised the Colony. From Hen ty and Batman and Fawkner
hd Robertson, to the men of the last decade, farmer or sailor, or trader or miner, they were all
be very salt of the earii. During the gold fever, the brains and the blood, the mental courage,
well as the bone and muscle, of Europe flocked thither; and the fittest survived. Victoria
ps ever been essentially a pioneer Colony. It owed nothing to Government aid; in fact its
ly prosperity was retarded by Government interference. It was founded solely by individual
hergy; and its people have evet remained pioneers. It is in their blocd. Victorians, Burke
nd Wills were the first to cross the continent in 1860. They lost their lives, but made their
mes immortal. A massive monolith of granite was placed over their graves in the Melbourne
gemetery, and a fine bronze statue of the two explorers, from a design by Charles Summers,
ll remains an object legson for our youth. The Burke and Wills expedition cost the people
m@ Victoria £57,000. The end justified it, for within two years of the death of the leaders from
arvation “ tierces of beef were displayed in Melbourne, salted down from cattle pasturing on
e spot where they perished.” Far away in the “back blocks” in the centre of the Continent,
& ibe sugar lands of the North, on every new gold-field, Victorian muscle and energy and capital
¢tobe found. In the South Sea Islands, in the pearl fisheries of Torres Straits and Western
istralia, Victorian pidneers are foremost; and Victorian enterprise has done much towards the
ploration of New Guinea. Although they claim Victoria to be the richest, the most populous,
¢ most prosperous, and the most energetic of all the Australian colonics, yet Victorians were
@ first to raise their voices for the Federation of the Colonies, the Political Unity of Australia.
hen the peoples of all the provinces, at present divided by local prejudices and jealousies
Mill be joined together; and some day in the future, following out the manifest destiny of the
ritish race with the dear old mother country, and her eldest-born the United States of America,
ill be linked together in a strong bond, ruling land and seas and giving laws to all the world.

78 Advertisements.

THREE
GOLD MEDALS 248

CHAS. FRODSHAM & Co.

Watch, Clock, and Chronometer Manufacturers,

BY SPE..AL WARRANT OF APFOINTMENT TO HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN ani
THEIR ROYAL HIGHNESSES THE PRINCE AND PRINCESS OF WALES,

KEEPERS OF HER MAJESTY’S CLOCKS AT BUCKINGHAM PALACE,

WATCH, CLOCK, AND CHRONOMETER MAKERS TO THE
BRITISH AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS.

or

GOLD KEYLESS 3/4-PLATE LEVER, wiih
Chronometer Balance, in Open-face Case,
in sizes for Ladies or Gentlemen, our ow
manufacture, from ... ue i» 22

3) Do. do. in Hunting Cases, from doa
Do. do. in Half ,, _ - £2

MINIATURE GOLD KEYLESS LEVER
WAT°H for Ladies, from ... »

Repeaters, Chronographs, Centre-Seconds :
Calendar Watches of the finest qualities.

English Chiming and Striking Clocks and Timepieces.
Clocks for Drawing, Dining and other Rooms, Halls,
Price List Free on Application.

ONLY ADDRESS—
84, STRAND, LONDON, W.C,

Victoria. 179

DIVISION A.—WORKS OF ART.

The whole of the Fine Arts Gallery in the Vie-
toria Court has been arranged under the
personal superintendence of Messrs. Arthur
Tooth & Sons, 5 & 6 Haymarket, London,

aA
Crass I.

Dil Paintings. —Paintings on Canvas, on Panel,
and on other Grounds.

A’7BECKETT, MISS EMMA
MINNIB, 77 High Street, Prahran.—
Dae pair Terra-cotta Plaques.

ANNAND, JOSEPH, Hetherlie,
56 Punt Road, Prahran.—A Spring Morn-
ng near Fernshaw, by the late J. Whitebead.

ASHTON, GEORGE ROSSI, 95
ollins Street East, Melbourne.—An
Australian Hunter.

BELL, MISS E., late of Melbourne,

how of 47 Broadhurst Gardens, Finch-
py Road, London. — Decorative Panels
hown in Reception Room of Victoria Court.

BRUFORD, FREDERICK HORA-
O, Merton Street, Albert Park,—
hree Landscapes: (1) The River Hopkins
ear Framlingham. (2) The Upper Yarra.
B) The Yarra near Warburton.

BURTT, J. W., 142 Collins Street
ast, Melbourne.—(1) Suburban Melbourne,
B) Portrait of J. Bosisto, M.P., President of the
ictorian Commission.

CEDERBERG, JOHN PETER,
scar II. Villa, 46 Alfred Street, Col-
ge Lawn, Prahran.—Mid-Winter, a view
om Albert Park, showing the lagoon, Govern-
ent House, a part of South Melbourne, with
elbourne in the distance.

DOWIJ.ING, ROBERT, Australian
utual Buildings, Collins Street West,
elbcurne.—-(1) Portrait of His Excellency

ar Henry B. Loch, Goverzox of Victoria. (2)
ding out with the Tide.

FELTON, ALFRED, Flinders Lane,
elbourne.—Mount Macedon, by Reilly.

FLETCHER, A., Fine Arts Gallery,
i Collins Street Hast, Melbourne.—(1)
Waterpog) at Coleraine, hy L. Buvelot. (2)
aterfall at Riddell’s Creek, by J. Mather.

FULLER, 8. PEARCE, Planet
Hambers, 8 Collins Street East, Mel-
purne.—QOil Painting: View in the Strath-
gie Ranges, Euroa.

GIBSON, RICHARD, Queen Street,
elbourne.—Four Paintings, Prize Oattle:
) Roan Duchess. (2) Second Duke of Alva.

Third Duchess of Derrimut, (4) Twenty-
arth Duke of Derrimut,

GLANVILLE, DOYLE.—

GREGORY, CHARLES, late of Mel-
bourne, now of Bridgefoot House,
Ripley, Surrey.—Thorns.

HULME, EDWARD, SEN., Milawa,

Oxley.—(1) Diggers’ Camp on the way toa
New Eldorado, with Black Guide. (2) Even-
ing Glow, Upper King River.

KEESING, SAMUEL R.—Pink Ter-

race, Rotomahana, N.Z.

MATHER, JOHN, 95 Collins Street
East, Melbourne.—(1) On tie Black Spur,
Fermnshaw. (2) On the Upper Yarra. (8) At
Healesville, Hvening. (4) Mount St. Leonards.

MOORE, JOHN, Wangeratta.—(1)
On the Castra Road, Tasmania. (2) On the
Ovens River, near Myrtleford, Victoria. (8)
View between Wangaratta and Glenrowan.

MORANT, JOHN C., 95 Collins
Street East, Melbourne.—Varicus Paint-
ings.

MOUCHETTE, MADAME, Ober-
ville, St. Kilda.—Portrait of M. Mouchette.

ODDIE, JAMES, Ballarat.—Portrait
of Self, by E. Goodwyn Lewis.

PANTON, J. A. Windsor, Mel-
bourne.—(1) Cadell’s First Steamer on the
Murray. (2) Eagle Rock, Angahock. (8)
Lake Corangamite,

PANTON, MISS, Windsor, Mel-
bourne.—(1) Head of Old Woman, from
Nature. (2) Head, from Nature.

PATERSON, J. F., 1] Earnbank Ter-
race, Cardigan Street, Carlton.—Five
Paintings : (L) Morley’s Track, Fernshaw. (2)
Evening on the Yarra. (8) The Old Falls
Bridge. (4) On the Lerderberg, Bacchus
Marsh. (5) Evening at Fernshaw.

PRICE, MISS JANE R., Beechworth.
—Western Australian Eucalypts.

PURVES, MISS, lately ot Melbourne,
now of De Vere Mansions, South Ken-
sington, London. — Hand-painted Panelg
(shown in rooms, Victoria Court).

RIGBY, MISS LUCY, Greenville,
Acland Street, St. Kilda.—Paintings : (1)
Study of Poppies, from Nature. (2) Picnia
Point, near Brighton. (8) Faience Plaque—
Scene near Werribee. (4) China Piaque—
Waratah and Eucalypt Blossoms.

ROBERTS, TOM, 95 Collins Street
East, Melbourne. — Four Paintings: (1
Coming South. (2) Mary; a trait,
Darebin Creek. (4) Winter Morning after
Rain, Gardiner’s Creek.

N 2

180

ROLANDO, CHARLES, Cleveland
House, Flinders Lane Hast, Melbourne,
—(1) Early Morning on the Watts River. (2)
Sunset on the Watts. (3) Noontide, Fernshaw.
(4) The Wilkin Valloy, Mount Kakapo (snow
clad) in the distance. (5) Woodcutters, Fern-
shaw. (6) Morley’s Track, Fernshaw.

SASSE, MISS HARRIET M. B., 63
Myers Street, Geeloug. — Landscape :
Western Beach, Corio Bay,

SCOTT, ARTHUR, Menningoort,
Camperdown.—(1) The Western District
Plains, (2) Dairy Paddock, Menningoort.

SCOTT, MISS ROSAMOND, 4 Wel-
lington Terrace, Wellington Parade,
East Melbourne.—(1) At Beechworth. (2)
At Tallarook.

SPRIGG, W. G., Market Buildings,
Market Street, Melbourne, — On the
Otway Fanges, by E. Von Guerard.

STIRLING, MRS. ELIZABETH
ANNIE, Survey Office, Omeo.—Native
Flowers,

THOMAS, MISS MARGARET, late
of Victoria, now of London.—(1) Portrait
of the late Charles Summers. (2) Portrait of
an Artist. (38) A Circassian Girl.

THOMSON, W. K., Kamesburgh,
North Road, Brighton, Melbourne.—
(1) On the Murray, by H. J. Johnston. (2)
View at Tallarook, by H. J. Johnston. (38)
Morning, Fernshaw, by Rolando. (4) Sunset,
Fernshaw, by Rolando. Views near Yarra-
wonga, Victoria, by J. A. Turner: (5) Alarmed.
(8) Pursued. (7) Hard Pressed. (8) Wounded.
(9) Bailed up. (10) Wearily Homeward. (11)
Using a Leader. (12) A Coming Squall. (18)
Travelling by Water. (14) Log Fencing (near
Wangaratta.) (15) Ringing Timber (a Murray
selection). (16) On a Woolshed Track (Murray
district). (17) On the Wallaby Track, Free
Quarters.

TRUSTEES OF BALLARAT FINE
ART GALLERY.—Old Ballarat, by E.
Von Guerard.

TWYCROSS, JOHN, Glenhuntly
Road, Caulfield.—Dromana from the Bay,
showing Mount Martha and Arthur’s Seat.

Victoria.

VAN DEN HOUTEN, MRé&§
11 Henry Street, Windsor.—(1) Scene
Macedon, In the Bush. (2) Scene at Fer
shaw, Camping for the Night. (8) Australi
Bush Scene, Black Hills at Kyneton.

WALLIS, MRS. ALFRED EDWIN
Bank of Victoria, Colac. — Australi
Summer.

WILSON, CHARLES VERNOY,
Glencore, Domain Road, South Ya
—On the Banks of the Yarra.

WOODHOUSE, FREDERIC
SEN., 16 Market Buildings, Collin
Street West, Melbourne.—(1) Group »
Merino Sheep. (2) Coursing. (8) Shooting
(4) Greyhound and Whelps. (5) Landscay
with Cattle.

Ciass II.

Various Paintings and Drawings.—Miniatu
Water-colour Paintings, Paetels, and Drawing
of every kind ; Paintings on Enamel, Ea
enware, and Porcelain; Cartoons for Stained
glass Windows and Frescoes,

A’BECKET, MISS EMMA MINNIE
79 High Street, Prahran.—Water-colo
Drawings. (1) Wattle Blossom, the Ys
Heidelberg. (2) Homesick. (8) A Study.

ASHTON, G. R., 95 Collins Streg
East, Melbourne.—Water-colour Drawings
(1) Tel-el-Kebir. (2) Playmates. (8) Along

ASHTON, J. R., 95 Collins Stred
Hast.—Water-colour Drawing: On t
Hawkesbury, N.S.W.

BENNETT, CHARLES §&8., 29 Ds
ling Street, South Yarra.—Ten Wate
colours cescriptive of Victorian Scenery.

BRIEN, LIZZIE, Domain Roaé
South Yarra.—Drawing-room Dado, han
painted: Australian Plants and Birds.

CALVERT, SAMUEL, 87 Li
Collins Street. Hast, Melbourne.—Wata
colour Drawings.

CAMPBELL, MALCOLM A., 3
Collins Street West, Melbourne.—Wate
colour Painting: A Bend of the River.

ALUT BROS: & CO,, |
AUSTRALIAN AND GENERAL WINE MERCHANT
Agents for PENFOLD « Co. and E. W. WRIGHT.

38, NEW BROAD STREET, LONDON, EO.

Price Lists sent free on Application,

Victoria.

DALTON, HENRIETTA, Glen-
ower, Stawell.—Frame of Water-colour
intings: Victorian Wild Flowers.

FOSTER & MARTIN, 29 and 381
ollins Street East, Melbourne.—Two
Vater-colour Portraits of Ladies.

FOSTER, C.—Water-colour Drawing.

JENNINGS, MISS ALICE, 66 Len-
ox Street, Richmond.—(1) Cup, Saucer,
ad Plate Australian Birds’ Feathers. (2) Cup,
aucer, and Plate Australian Silver Wattle
lossom. (8) Cup and Saucer, Victorian Scenes,
) Mounted Plaque, Australian Native
lowers.

JOLLY, ROBERT, & CO., 18a Little
ollins Street East, Melbourne.—T welve
becimens of Australian Flowers, hand-painted
om Nature, by Miss Hammond.

MASON, CYRUS, Octavia Street, St.
da.—Sketches of the Bridges over the
a Yarra River, Melbourne, 1884.

PARSONS, MRS. GEORGE, Charn-
ood Road, 8st. Kilda.—Water-colour
ctures: (1) After the Storm, at Riddell’s
eek. (2) The Camping Place, Healesville.
) At Narbethong. (4) The Ovens River, at
ight, Mount Feathertop in the distance. (5
10) Views in the neigbourhood of Melbourne.

ROBERTSON, MRS. ANNIE IR-
(INE, Cheltenham House, Toorak
pad, South Yarra.— Cheval Draught
reen; Water-colour, Australian Scenery ; and
ado of Australian Flowers.

ROWAN, MRS. ELLIS, Dereweit,
acedon.—Niuety-five Water-colour Draw-
ys of Australian Flowers.

RUSSELL, ROBERT, 90 Johnson
eet, Collingwood.—(1) Framed Water-

lour Drawings of Old Melbourne. (2) Et-
ings on Glass.
SWEET, EDWARD GEORGE

EIGH, Cambridge Street, Marybo-
ugh.—Water-colour: View of Maryborough.

HALLON, JOHN, 95 Collins Street
ast, Melbourne.—Water-colour Drawings:
) Landscape, Bacchus Marsh. (2) Low Tide,
me. (3) Gum Trees, near Blackwood. (4)
h the Werribee River. (5) Back Reach,

ento. (6) Landscape, with Cattle.

HE BAND OF HOPE & ALBION
DNSOLS CO. (R. M. SERJEANT,
anager), Skipton Street, Ballarat.—
ater-colour view of locality of mine.

HE EXHIBITION TRUSTEES
ON. L. I. SMITH, Chairman,
AMES E. SHERRARD, Secretary),
‘ bition Buildings, Melbourne.—Sixty
ater-colour Drawings of Victorian Fishes

181

WARE, SARAH, Treasury, Omeo.—
Folio of Water-colour Paintings: Australian
Wild Flowers.

WILSON, CHARLES VERNON,
Glencore, South Yarra.—Indian Ink
Drawing: A Rest.

Cxass IIT.

Seulpture and Die Sinking.—Sculpture in High
Relief, Bas-relicfe, Chased and Repoussé Work :
Medals, Cameos, Engraved Stones.

FERRY, GRAHAM B., Leopold
Street, South Yarra.—Sculpture: Oliver
Twist asks for more.

LION, MDLLE., Melbourne.—Sculp-
ture in high relief: Portrait of a lady.

McEWAN, JAMES, & CO., Mel-
bourne.—One Sicilian Marble Mantelpiece
carved with Native Plants in high relief; made
by Exhibitors.

MACKENNAL, J. 8., 198 Collins
Street Melbourne.—‘Sculpture in
high relief: Phaeton Diiving the Chariot of
the San.

TECHNOLOGICAL MUSEUM (J.
COSMO NEWBERY, B.Sc, C.M.G.,
Superintendent).—Victorian Clays, with
illustrations of their adaptability for varions
classes of Pottery, Tiles, &c., from the Indus-
trial and Teclnological Museum ; prepared for
exhibition at the Museum Laboratory by Mr.
A. L. Mills: (1) Twenty-four Blocks Raw Clay,

; exemplifying some classes of native material.

(2) One Sample of Calcined and Ground Ficld-
spar, from Seymour. (3) One Sample of Raw
Fieldspar, from Seymour. (4) One Sample of
Raw Fieldspar, trom Omeo. (5) One Sample ot
Calcined and Ground Fieldspar, from Omeo.
(6) One Sample of Calcined and Ground Quartz,
from the Bradford Lead, Maldon. (7) One
Sample of Raw Quartz, from the Bradford Lead,
Maldon. (8) Four Busts in Red Terra-cotta,
after original casts taken from Victorian Abo-
riginals. (9) Four Plaques in simple Clays,
after Minton. (10) Sixty Terra-cotta Slabs,
from casts of the Parthenon Frieze, reduced by
Hemming. (11) Twenty-four Vases in simple
Clays, from examples in the Museum. (12)
Twelve Crucibles in Granitic Clay, from Bulla.
(13) Two Slabs in Granitic Clay, from Bulla.
(14) Two Panels in Red Terra-cotta, “Boys,”
from casts in the Museum after Hubert Longe.
(15) Two Panels in Glazed Tiles, original
design.

THOMAS, MISS MARGARET, (for-
merly of Melbourne, now of London).—

Mode! of a Bust of Fielding, executed in warble
for Shire Hall, Taunton, Somerset.

Crass IV.

Architectural Drawings and Models.—-Studies
and Details; Elevations and Plans of Build-
ings.

FEDERAL COFFEE PALACE Co.,
LIMITED, 7 Collins Street East
(JAMES MIRAMS, Esq., M.P., Secre-
tary).—Perspective View of Building to be
erected for the Federal Coffee Palace Company
at the Corner of Collins and King Streets,
Melbourne.

HANNAN, G. T., 125 Raglan Street,
South Melbourne,—Model of a Five-roomed
Weatherboard Villa, verandah front and back ;
scale 1 in. to 1 ft.

ISAACS, ISAAC, 47 High Street,
St. Kilda.—Complete set of Designs for a
Public Town Hall, &c.

JOHNSON, GHRORGE RAYMOND,
52 Collins Street East, Melbourne.—
Perspective Drawings of Public Buildings, de-
signed by Exhibitor.

PREMIER PERMANENT BUILD-
ING LAND AND INVESTMENT
ASSOCIATION (JAMES MIRAMS,
Esq., M.P., Secretary), 7 Collins Street
West, Melbourne.—<Architectural Elevation
of Building to be orected for the Society.

TRADES HALL COUNCIL OF
VICTORIA (W. BE. MURPHY, Secre-
tary).—View of Council Chamber, Trades Hall,
Melbourne.

THE COUNCIL OF ORMOND
COLLEGE, within the University of

Melbourne (Principal, JOHN UH.
MACFARLAND, Esq., M.A.).—Drawing
of Ormond College.
Crass V.
Engravings and Lithographs,

CALVERT, SAMUEL, 87 Little Col-
lins Street East, Melbourne.—Specimens
of Drawing and Engravings on Wood; proofs
and engraved blocks,

DEPARTMENT OF POST OFFICE
AND TELEGRAPHS, Melbourne
The HON. JAMES CAMPBELL,
i.C., Postmaster-General), — Samples

of Stamps used in the Colony of Victoria.

MARINE MACHINERY

Of all Types and Sizes. ©
Compound and Triple

Victoria.

and Passenger Steamers, Yachts, T
xpansion Hin

GOLDSBOROUGH, R., & CO.,
MITED, Bourke Street West, M
bourne (F. BE. STEWART, Manager),
Chromo-lithographs of the principal Wool ar
Grain Stores belonging to the Company in Me
bourne and Sydney.

INGLIS, WILLIAM, & CO., 37, 38,
89 Flinders Street East, Melbourne
Lithographs and Designs for Engraving,

NAISH, CHARLES, 12 Colleg
Parade, Kew.—Specimens of Postage Stamp
and Postal Notes, designed and engraved; al
Proofs of Steel and Copper-plate Engraving,

PATERSON, JAMES SCOTT, 65
Elizabeth Street, Melbourne.—Specimer
of Engraving.

SYME, DAVID, & CO., The Ag
Office, Melbourne.—Highty Framed k
gravings from the Illustrated Australian New
published by Exhibitors.

TROEDEL, CHARLES, 43 Collin
Street Hast, Melbourne.—Engraving an
Letter-press Printing.

WATSON, RICHARD HARRI}
(care of J. 8. PATERSON, 55 Eliz
beth Street, Melbourne).—Specimen
Kugraving: The Lord's Prayer.

WILSON & MACKINNON, Th
Argus Office, Melbourne.—Kramed Ii
pravings from The Ausiralasian Sketcher, pub
lished by Exhibitors.

WOODHOUSE, FREDERIC!
JUNR., 684 Bourke Street West, Me
bourne. — Light Framed Photographs @
Australian Racehorses, coloured by hand.

DIVISION B.—EDUCATION AW)
INSTRUCTION, APPARATU
AND PROCESSES OF THE ll
BERAL ARTS.

Crass VI.

Education of Children, Primary Instructi
Instruction of Adults.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIO
(The HON. DUNCAN GILLIES, Mi
ister; G. WILSON BROWN, Secretary
J. MAIN, Inspector-General).—Compl
Educational Collection, illustrative of 4
State-school system of Victoria, compris
Models of Schools, Map of Victoria, showing !

whole of State schools of the Colony, Specimom

of Pupils’ Work, &c., &c.

AND STEAM VESSEL&

, Launches,
es. Marine and Land Boilers,

BREMME’S PATINIT VALVE GHAR.
DUNOAN’S PATENT PROPELLER and VALVE REVERSING LAUNCH ENGIN. ;

ROSS &

DUNCAN,

WHITEFIELD WORKS, GOVAN, GLASGOW,

Victoria.

MADAME MOUCHETTE, Artist,
Bchool of Art, Oberville, St. Kilda,—
Examples of Sculpture, Drawing and Painting
n Oils and Water-colours, also examples of
Imitation Tapestry, by her Pupils.

RICKARBY, CATHERINE T.,,

Rotherwood Street, Richmond.—Object

+7 alphabetically arranged, and other
exhibits.

ROYAL SOCIDTY OF VICTORIA,
Victoria Street, Melbourne (ALEX-
ANDER SUTHERLAND, Hon. Secre-

y)—A Set of the Society’s Transactions, in
wenty-one volumes,

RYLAH, GHORGE A. (on behalf of
STATE SCHOOL), 831 Omeo.—System
pf Teaching, Models of Apparatus, Specimen
bf Pupils’ Work,

VICTORIAN DEAF AND DUMB
INSTITUTION, St. Kilda Road, Mel-
bourne (F’. J. ROSE, Superintendent).—
Specimen Exercises on Written Language,

rithmetic Work, and Penmanship; also Draw-
Ings by the Pupils.

Crass IX.
Printing, Books, Newspapers & Periodicals.

AUSTRALASIAN SHIPPING
YEW8, Melbourne (ARTHUR W.

LEVELAND, Editor).—Regular copies of
ach issue of the Australasian Shipping News.

BANFIELD, J. W., Ararat.—Bound
olume of Ararat Advertiser, and copies of each
sue to be supplied regularly during currency
f Exhibition.

CHAMBER CF COMMERCE, Mel-
bourne (B, COWDEROY, Secretary).—
Book of Reports of the Victorian Chamber of
bomm erce,

CROSS, MARGARET MAY (CROSS
& CO.), Herald Office, Daylesford.—
Book of Specimens of Commercial Typography.

DEPART. T OF GOVERN-
{BNT P TER, under the control
fThe HON. JAMES SERVICE, Pre-
mier and Treasurer of Victoria (JOHN

ERRES, Government Printer).—Books
hd Specimens of Letterpress and Lithographic
Printing in all its branches.

INGLIS, WILLIAM, & CO., 37, 38,
¥ 89 Flinders Street East, Melbourne.
Letter-press Printing, Publications, &e.

LAWRENCE & O’FARBELL,

Rueon Street, Melbourne.—Handsomely
Wound Volume of The Australian Brewers’
fournal, Mineral Water, Wine and Spirit Trades

183

LEWIS, C. F., 8t. Arnaud.—Bound
Volume of St. Arnaud Mercury.

LUKE, HENRY ALFRED, The
Gippsland Mercury Office, Sale.—Bound
File of the Gippslund Mereury, and regular
copies of each issue,

MACKINNON & WALCH, Mel-
bourne,—'T'welve Copies of Descriptive Work
relating to the Colony of Victoria, entitled
* Victoria in Australia.’

MUELLER, BARON FERDINAND
VON, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R.8,., Govern-
ment Botanist, Melbourne.—Recent Pub-
lications connected with the Vegetable Re-
sources of Australia, and other works.

NEWLANDS, WILLIAM HIND,
Printer, Atlas Works, Castlemaine.—
Book of Specimens of Printing: General Job-
Work, plain and artistic, in bluck and colours.

PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY
OF AUSTRALASIA, College of Phar-
macy, Swanston Street, Melbourne (H.
SHILLINGLAW, Secretary).—Bound
Copies of Society’s 'Transactions.

PROPRIETORS OF THE HERALD,
Swanston Street, Melbourne, — Bound
Copy of the Herald, an evening newspaper,
pubiished daily in the City of Melbourne;
average circulation, 36,000. Copies of current
issue will be supplied during the period of the
Exhibition,

PUBLIC LIBRARY, MUSEUMS,
AND NATIONAL GALLERY OF
ViCTORIA (President, HON. SIR
GEORGE VERDON, K.C.M.G., C.B.,
F.R.8. ; Librarian, T. F. BRIDE, LL.D.).
—Catalugue of the Public Library of Victoria,

PUCKEY, JOHN, 2 Maud Terraco,
Islington Street, Collingwood. — The
outlines of a book, in manuscript, on Arith-
metic Squares.

SANDS & McDOUGALL, 46 Collins
Street West.—Show Case, Stereo. and Elec-
trotypes, Specimens of Lithographic Work,
Wax Specimens of Engraving, Specimens of
Embossing and Letter-press Printing.

STILLWELL & CO., 78 Collins
Street West.—(1) The Australian Medical
Journal ; the organ of the Medical Society of,
Victoria. (2) Bradshaw's Guide to Victoria.

SYME, DAVID, & CO., Age Office
Melbourne.—Regular copies of the Age, an
the Leader during the currency of the Exhi-
bition.

Gre ENGINEERS’ ASSO-
CIAT £58: the Exchange, Collins
Street West, Melbourne (JAMES E.
SHBRRARD, Hon. Secretary).—Bound
epies of the Papers and Transactions of the
Society.

Pe ee

184

VICTORIAN SOCIETY FOR THE
PROTECTION OF ANIMALS (THO-
MAS LATHAM, Inspector), 55 Bourke
Street East, Melbourne. — ‘Iwo Books:
Annual Reports of the Socicty,

WALCH, GARNET, Melbourne.—
Volume ep‘itled, Victoria in 1880,

WEST & KING, Omeo.—(1) Catalogue
of exhibits. (2) Specimens of Printing.

WILSON & MACKINNON, The
Argus Office, Melbourne.—Regular copies
of the Argus, and the Australasian during
currency of the Exhibition.

WIMBLE, F. T., & CO., 70 Little
Collins' Street Hast, Melbourne. —
Printed Proofs, showing samples of Printing
Inks manufactured by F.T, Wimble & Co,

Crass XI,
General Application of the Arts of Drawing
and Modelling.

GAUNT, Thomas, 14 Bourke Street
East, Melbourne. — One set Chess Men,
representing Australian Animals,

MUELLER, BARON F. VON,
K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S., Government
Botanist, Melbourne.— (1) Glass Case
containing thirty-six Wax Models of Victorian
Fungs. (2) Wax Model of the Victorian
Waratah-plant (Jelopea Oreades, F. vy. M.)
under glass shade. (8) Wax Model of the
Murray-Lily (Crinum jlaceidum, Herbert).

TECHNOLOGICAL MUSEUM (J,
COSMO NEWBERY, B. 8c, C.M.G.,
Superintendent), Melbourne. — 375 Mo-
dels of Fruits, &c., grown in Victoria, from the
Industrial and Technological Museum, —
Modelled and coloured at the Museum by Miss
A, B, Hodgkinson and Miss J, McMillan.

Ciass XII.
Photographic Proofs and Apparatus.

AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHIC AS-
SOCIATION OF VICTORIA, Royal
Society’s Hall, Victoria Street, Mel-
bourne, (J. H. HARVEY, Hon. Secre-
tary).—(1) Twelve Groups, Views of Victorian
Scenery, (2) Transparencies for MagicLantern
(3: Views of Victorian Scenery, and Street
Scenes in Victorian Towns,

Trade Mark—
Obelisk of Luxor.

* CIGARETTES
MARKED

Victoria,

ARARAT SHIRHD COUNCIL (&
McLEAN, Secretary), Shire Hall, A
rat.—Photographio Views within the Shiro ¢
Ararat,

AVON SHIRE COUNCIL (W
LEONARD BOLDEN, Secretary
Council Chambers, Stratford.—Phot
graphic Views of Interesting Objects wit
the Shire of Avon.

BAILEY, ARTHUR RUDOLPE
Royal Studio, Sturt Street, Ballarat,
Photographic Views of Streeta of City of
Ballarat, &c.

BAIRNSDALE SHIRE COUNCI
(H. BREDT, Secretary).— Photographie
Views of Bairnsdale and Neighbourhood,

BANK OF AUSTRALASIA, Collins
Street West, Melbourne (EDWARD §
PARKES, Superintendent).—Photograp!
of Bank Premises in Melbourne.

BANK OF NEW ZEALAND, Cog
lins and Queen Streets, Melbourne (,
M. STEWART, Manager).—Photograpi
of Bank of New Zealand Premises in Me
bourne.

BOARD FOR THE PROTECTION
OF ABORIGINES, 69 Temple Co
Melbourne (CAPT. A. M. PAGE
Secretary). — Photographic Views of th
Stations established as Homes for the Abo
rigines of Victoria, Portraits of Aboriginals,

BOROUGH COUNCIL OF EAGLE
HAWK (WILLIAM WOOD, Tow
Clerk, &c.), Town Hall.—Photographie
Views of Public Buildings, Mines, &c., withi
the Borough of Eaglehawk.

CALVERT, SAMUEL, Vita Studio,
77 Swanston Street, Melbourne. —Phote
graphs: Portraits of Australian Worthies, é&

CENTRAL BOARD OF HEALTE
FOR THE COLONY OF VICTOR
(J. W. COLVILLE, Secretary).—Phote
graphic Views of the Sanatorium at Cut-
paw and the Calf-lymph Depot at Royal Park

CHUCK, THOMAS, Photographe
Sturt Street, Ballarat.—Enlarged Carbo:
Photographs of Australian Scenery.

CITY COUNCIL OF PRAHRS/
(ALBEBT L. BLY, Town Clerk)
Photographic Views of City of Prahran.

"LUXOR 22

THREE DISTINCT QUALITIES :-SPECIAL—FIRST—SECOND.
“LUXOR.” | ALEXANDRIA CIGARETTE CO., Ltd. 63 & 64, New Broad 8t., London, B.0
a AGENTS WANTED FOR ALL THE COLONIES.

ocITY
ted, Collins Street West,
ume (JOHN SHIBELS, Acting
anager).— Photograph of Elevation Plan
New Bank Premises for City of Melbourne
k, Limited, corner of Collins and Elizabeth
ts, Melbourne.

COLLINGWOOD CITY COUNCIL

M. MORTLEY, Town Clerk).—
otographs of Scenery, Buildings, Bridges
» in the City of Collingwood.

CONNOR, E. CHARLES, Superin-
mdent, Reformatory, Ballarat.— Photo-
ph of the Reformatory, Ballarat,

CONVENT OF THE GOOD SHEP-
RD, Abbotsford (ST. MARY C.
URTAIN, Superioress). — Views of
bbotsford and Oakleigh Convents.

COPPIN, HON. GEO. SELTH:,
e Grove, Lennox Street, Richmond:
Photographs of Dwelling and Grounds,

COUNCIL OF TRINITY COL-
GE, within the University of Mel-
urne (ALEXANDER LERPER,
Q, M.A., LL.B., Warden).—Photo-
phs of Buildings, and Groups of Students of
e College.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
he HON. DUNCAN GILLIES,
ister; G. WILSON BROWN,
cretary; J. MAIN, Inspector-Gene-
.—Photographs of State Schools,

DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND
USTOMS (The HON. G. D. LANG-

GE, M.P., Commissioner; A. W.
USGROVE, Secretary).—Photographs,

DEPARTMENTS OF RAILWAYS
cretary, P. P,. LABERTOUCHRE),—
llection of Photographs, illustrating Railways
Victoria,

—

ELLERY, ROBERT L. J., F.R.S,
vernment Astronomer, The Obser-
tory, Melbourne.—Photographs of Obser-
tory, and six enlarged Photographs of the
oon taken by the Great Melbourne Reflector,

ENGLISH, SCOTTISH, & AUS-

IAN CHARTERED BANK,
elbourne,—Photograph of Bank Premises,
llins Street, Melbourne.

FINCHAM, GHORGE, Organ
wilder, Bridge Road, Richmond,—
rge Photograph of Grand Organ, built. for
€ International Exhibition, Melbourne, 1880.

FITZROY CITY COUNCIL (JOHN
JONES, Town Clerk), Town Hall,

itgroy.—Photographs: Twenty-four Views

enbtlo Buildings, &c., within the City of
roy,

Victoria,

ee

OF MELBOURNE BANK,

185

FOSTER & MARTIN, 20 & 31 Col-
lins Street Hast, Melbourne, — Photo-
graphs.

GROUZELLE ET CIE, 11 Roya
Arcade, Melbourne. — Group of Photo-
graphs,

GUILFOYLE, W. R., F.L.8., Direc-
tor of the Melbourne Botanic Gardens,
—Photographic Views of Botanic Gardens,

HALLEY, J. J., Secretary Congroga-
tional Union, Congregational Hall,
Russel! Street, Melbourne.—Photographic
Views of several Congregational Churches in
Victoria,

HAYMAN, J. B., Simpson’s Road,
Collingwood, and Gertrude Street,
arog -ktomreEn of ‘Tannery, Colling-
wood,

HOTHAM TOWN COUNCIL (C. E.
RANDALL. Town Clerk).—Photographic
Views of Town of Hotham.

IRVINE, DAVID,’ Beaconsfield
poet St. Kilda.—Photographic View ot
Totel,

JAMES, JOSEPH ALFRED, Mayor
of Castlemaine.—Photographs of Public
Buildings in Caslemaine.

JOHNSTONE & CO., Tyne Foundry,
Yarra Bank, Melbourne.—Photographs
of ‘Tyne Foundry, and of bridges, steam engines,
and other machinery manufactured by the
firm.

JOHNSTONE, O’SHANNASSY, &
CO., Limited, 55 & 57 Collins Street
East.—Examples of Photographs.

LANCASTER & SAMWELLS,
Omeo, Gippsland.—Photographic Views :
The Australian Alps, &c.

LINDT, JOHN WILLIAM, 7 Collins
Street Hast, Melbourne.—Photographs of
Characteristic Australian Scenery : (1) Views of
New Guinea, illustrating the characteristic
fauna and flora of the island, the manners and
customs of the natives, and the general land-
scape scenery. Taken during the Expedition
conducted by the late Sir Peter Serutchley,
High Commissioner. (2) Genre Pictures of
Aboriginals. (3) Public Buildings, &. (4)
Specimens of Portraiture,

MELBOURNE CITY COUNCIL
(BE. G. FITZGIBBON, Town Clerk),—
Photographs of City of Melbourne.

MELBOURNE CLUB, Collins Street
Bast, Melbourne (P. A. AGNEW, Secre-
tary).—Photographic Views of Club.

186

MELBOURNE CRICKET CLUB
(3. J. WARDILL, Secretary), 8 Ex-
change Hall, Collins Street, Melbourne.
—Photographic View of Melbourne Cricket
Ground, sbowing grand stand, pavilion, &c.,
1885,

MELBOURNE SAVINGS BANK
(JOHN ALSOP, Actuary), Savings
Bank, Market Street, Melbourne.—Pho-
tographs of Bank Buildings.

MENZIES, CATHERINE. Menzies
Hotel, Bourke Street West, Melbourne.
—Photograph of Menzies’ Hotel.

MUELLER, BARON FERDINAND
VON, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R.8., Govern-
ment Botanist, Meibourne.—Album of
Photographic Pictures, each plate illustrative
of a distinct Victorian timber tree.

WATIONAL AGRICULTURAL
SOCIETY OF VICTORIA (ANDREW
PLUMMER, ESQ., M.D., J.P., .Chair-
man of Victorian Board of Agriculture,
Member of Gouncil of Agricultural
Education, &c., President; THOMAS
PATARSON, Secretary).—Three Groups
Exhibits shown at National Agricultural
Society’s Show, 1885.

O’SHANASSY, M. P., Tara, Camber-
well.—Photographic View of Private Resi-
dence.

PHIRCEH, J. DUNCAN, 89 Tomple
Court, Melbourne.—Photographic Enlarge-
ments on Argentic bromide paper.

PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY
OF AUSTRALASIA (H. SHILLING-
LAW, Secretary), College of Pharmacy,
Swanston Street, Melbourne. — Photu-
graphs of Interior and Exterior of the College
of Pharmacy, Lavatories, &c.

PORT PHILLIP & COLONIAL
CoO., Clunes (R. H. BLAND, Manager).
—Photographic View of the Company’s Mining
Plant at Clunes.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF
VICTORIA (ANTHONY L. PRYDE,
ese gat A ssembly Hall, Collins
Street Hast, Melbourne.—Photographic
Views of some of the principal Presbyterian
Churches in Victoria.

THE MELBOURNE “AGH” (Circulation 60,000 Daily). ;
“AGE ANNUAL” (Yearly).
“ILLUSTRATED AUSTRALIAN NEWS” (Monthly).

The “ Age” has a Circulation largely in excess of any other Australian New
or any other Morning Journal in the British Empire, London only excepted, and

“LEADER” (Weekly).

presents the best medium for Advertisements,

A selection of framed [ilustrations from “The Hlustrated Australian Newa” is on 27,

view on the walls of the Victorian Court.

Victoria.

QUEEN INSURANCE (O¢
83 Queen Street, Melbourne, — Pho
graph of Company’s Premises.

SALE BOROUGH COUNCIL (C.1
GEOGHEGAN, Town Clerk, Sale, &
—Photographic Views of Local Institutions,

SANDHURST CITY COUNCIL (¥
D. C. DENOVAN, Town Clerk).—Fifty
one Photographic Views of city and
within its boundaries.

SARGOOD, The HON. F. T., ML.
Ripon Lea, East St. Kilda.—Three Ph
tographic Views of Private Residence:

*
Line

STEWART & CO., Photographers
217 & 219 Bourke Street East, Me
bourne,-—Photographs.

STIRLING, JAMES, Survey Offic
Omeo.—Photographic Views of the Australi
Alps within Omeo Shire.

TOWN COUNCIL, BALLARA
EAST (WILLIAM SCOTT, Mayor).
Sat i Views of the Town of Ballan

ast.

TOWN COUNCIL, BALLARS
CITY (CHARLES SALTER, Mayor).
Photographic View of Ballarat City.

THE COLONIAL MUTUAL i
ASSURANCE SOCIETY, Limit
(T. J. MARTIN, General Manage
84 & 86 Collins Street West.—Pho
graphs.

THE COUNCIL OF ORMOWN
COLLEGE, within the University
Melbourne (Principal, J. H. MACFAR
LAND, ESQ., M.A.).—A Photograph ¢
Ormond College.

THOMSON, W. K., Kamesburg
North Road, Brighton, Melbourne.
Photographic Views of Residence.

TOWN COUNCIL OF WARRNA
BOOL (H. A. C. MACDONALD, Towg
Clerk).—Twelve Views of Warrnambool
Vicinity.

UNITED SHIRE OF BEECI
WORTH (J. W. MORTON, To
Clerk).—Photographic Views.

LONDON OFFICE
FoR

News and Telegram
140, FLEET STREET.

General Agents:
JAS. McE WAN & CC
LOMBARD STRE

LONDON, B.C

per,

f

Victoria.

UNITED SHIRE OF METCALFE.
Photographic Views within the Shire of
netcaiie.

VICTORIAN ASYLUM AND

HOOL FOR THE BLIND, 8t. Kilda
Road, Melbourne (REV. WILLIAM
fOSS8, Superintendent). — Photographic
Views of Buildings and Inmates at Work.

VICTORIAN DEAF AND DUMB
INSTITUTION, St. Kilda Road, Mel-
ourne.—Photogrephic Views of the Build-
hgs, Interior Views of the Schoolroom, Dining
Hall, and Dormitories.

WIMMERA SHIRE COUNCIL
ROBERT GRANT, Shire Councillor),

wimgrove, Armalade. — Photographic
iews of Wimmera Shire.

WINTER, The HON. WILLIAM
RVING, M.3..C., Noorilim, Murchi-
ou.—Group of Photographic Views of Resi-
ence,

Ciass XTV.
Medicine, Hygiene, and Public Relief.

AUSTRALIAN HEALTH SO-
IETY, Melbourne (MR. JUSTICE

TIGINBOTHAM, President; JOHN
. BURROWS, Secretary).—Two bound

olumes of Society’s publications, and Sanitary
acts for distribution.

CENTRAL BOARD OF HEALTH
J. W. COLVILLE, Secretary).—Bound
plume of Board’s Reports.

DAHLKE’S FILTER COMPANY,
UBEN THOMAS ADAMS, City
oad, Prince’s Bridge, Melbourne.—
iltres of all kinds,

KYLE, JOHN, Coburg. — Deodoriser,
sinfectant, and Fertiliser, known as Bud-
eree,

McINTOSH, DAVID M., & SON,
anufacturers, Nicholson Street,
g cotscray.—Turkish Bath.

THE AUSTRALASIAN DEODOR-

SING, DISINFECTING, AND FER-
LISING COMPANY, LIMITED,
9 Queen Street, Melbourne.—Hunter’s
tent Vegetable Disinfectant, and Samples of
tificial Manure.

Crass XV;
Mathematical and Philosophical Instruments.

ELLERY, ROBERT L. J., F.RS.,
overnment Astronomer, the Obser-.
latory, Melbourne.— An Astronomical
—e with Parabolic Pendulum

187

GAUNT, THOMAS; 14 Bourke
Street, East, Melbourne.—(1) Microscope
Stand. (2) Telescope Stand. (8) Three
Telescopes. (4) Syphon Barometer. (5)
One Large Thermometer. (6) Two Hand Ane-
mometers. (7) Surveyor’s Level. (8) Three
Microscopes. (9) Three Microscope Lamps.
(10) Three Microscope Condenrers. (11) Three
Thermometers for Brewers’ purposes, (12)
Microscope Section Cutter. (13) Microscope
Mounting Table. (14) Three dozen Micro-
scopic Objects.

Crass XVI.

Maps and Geographical and Cosmographical
Apparatus—Plans in Relief.

CENTRAL BOARD OF HEALTH
FOR THE COLONY OF VICTORIA
(J. W. COLVILLE, Secretary).—Model
of the Quarantine Station at Point Nepean.

CRELLIN, WILLIAM, Napier Street,
Fitzroy. — Reading Instrument and Calcu-
lating Machine.

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND
SURVEY (The HON. A. L. TUCKER,
M.P., President; A. MORRAH, Secre-
tary).—Maps of Continental Australia, Vic-
toria, &c.

DEPARTMENT OF MINES (The
HON. A. F. LEVIEN, Minister;
CHARLES W. LANGTREE, Secre-
tary).—Set of Geological Maps, Gold-fields
Maps, and other publications issued by the
Department.

DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND
CUSTOMS (The HON. G. D. LANG-
RIDGE, M.P., Commissioner; A. W.
MUSGROVE, Secretary).—Charts of the
Victorian Coast and adjacent Islands.

DEPARTMENT OF RAILWAYS
(Secretary, P. P. LABERTOUCHE).—
Raised Map of Victoria, showing existing and
proposed lines of Railways.

ELLERY, ROBERT L. J., F.B8.,
Government Astronomer, the Obser-
vatorv. Melbourne.-—Books.

‘HAYTER, HENRY HEYLYN,
C.M.G., Government Statist, Mel-
bourne. — Victorian Year-Book and other
statistical works,

MUELLER, BARON FERDINAND
VON, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.RB.S., Govern-
ment Botanist, Melbourne.— A Geo-
graphical Koilosphere dimidiated.

STIRLING, JAMES, Survey Office,
Omeo.—Topographical and Geological Maps,
Publications to Scientific Society’s re Austra-
lian Alps.

188 Victoria.
BAND OF HOPE AND ALBION; PENAL DEPARTMENT OF VIC
CONSOLS COMPANY (THE) | TORIA, Melbourne fsecmenes pir: GOR

i M. SERJEANT, Manager, Skipton
treet, Ballarat).—Statistics of Mine.

VICTORIAN DEAF AND DUMB
INSTITUTION, St. Kilda Road, Mel-
bourne (F. J. ROSE, Superintendent).—
Statistics and Annual Reports.

DIVISION C.—FURNITURE AND
ACCESSORIES.

Juass XVII.

Furniture. — Sideboards, Book-cases, Tables,
Dressing-tables, Sofas, Couches, Billiard-tables,
&c., manufactured from Australian Woods.

ALCOCK & CO., 182 Russell Strect,
Melbourne. — (1) Billiard - table, manu-
factured of Queensland Tulipwood. (2) Bil-
liard-table, Victorian Blackwood. (3) Com-
bination Cabinet Pool Money-receiver and
Marking Board. (4) Electric Marking ar-
Fogements, (5) Revolving Cue Stand and

ues.

CARR & SONS, 132 Spring Street,
Melbourne.—Venetian Blinds.

COOPER, WILLIAM HENRY,
High Street, Avoca.—Picture Frame, made
from Victorian and other bush seeds.

McEWAN, JAMES, & CO., Eliza-
beth Street, Melbourne.—(1) 'I'wo Hip
Baths, Japanned, in Oak and White Marble,
and in sienna and green. (2) One Japanned
Deed Box, in Maple and Walnut. (8) Three
Japanned ‘lravelling Trunks, in maroon, Oak
and Walnut. (4) ''wo Japanned Coal Vases,
pointed by hand, and inlaid with ,Mother-of-

earl,

MOWBRAY, ROWAN, & HICKS,
33, 35, and 37 Collins Street, Melbourne.
(1) Complete Dining-room Suite, consisting of
Sideboard, Dinner Waggon, Dining-table, Man-
telpiece and Overmantel, twelve Small Chairs,
two Carving Chairs and Couch. (2) Complete
Bedroom Suite, consisting of Wardrobe, Dress-
ing-table, Wathstand, Towel Horse, Chest of
Drawers, Commode Pedestal, three Chairs. All
manufactured out of colonial woods, and of

original design. .

BRETT, Inspector-General).—Cabinet ¢

Whatnot.

ROCKE, W. H., & CO., Collins Streg
East, Melbourne. — Dining- room Suit
complete, of original design, made of Aust
lian Blackwood, and manufactured entirely}
Exhibitors : Sideboard, Dinner Waggon, Chin
neypiece or Mantelshelf with tall Overmante
Extension Dining-table, twelve Chairs, Couch
and two Easy Chairs, made entirely of colonial
woods.

STEINFELD, LEVINSON, & C0:
98 to 99 Elizabeth Street, and Littk
Collins Street West, Melbourne.—Con
plete Bedroom Suite.

TORY, THOMAS, Omeo, Victoria.
Loo-table, made from indigenous shrubs and
timber trees of the Australian Alps.

WILLSON, HELEN FERMOR
Flinders Lane West, Melbourne.—Tabl
Top, Huon Pine, painted with colonial ferns.

Crass XVIII.
Upholsterers’ and Decorators’ Work.

PATERSON, C.8., BROS., 33 Collin:
Street East, Melbourne. — Decoratir
Panels.

PENAL DEPARTMENT OF VIC
TORIA, Melbourne (WILLIAY
GORE BRETT, Inspector-General)-§
Specimens in Oil of Ornamental Writing au
House Decorating Work.

ROYCROFT, JOHN ROBERT, 16
Leveson Street, Hotham.—Painted imitw
tions of Woods and Marbles, ten panels,

Ciass XIX.
Crystal, Glass, and Stained Glass.

AUSTRALIAN GLASS COMPANY
Limited, Melbourne.—Glassware, &e.

GIBBS, MRS. JAMES HATCH
Melbourne, Victoria.—Arrasene Work. |

MELBOURNE GLASS BOT
WORKS COMPANY, Graham Stree
South Melbourne (LAMBTON bf
MOUNT, Manager).—Glass Bottles.

VENTILATING, COOLING AND DRYING

BLACKMAN AIR. PROPELLER.
WATER-MOTOR VENTILATOR.

Sole Makers—
THE BLACKMAN AIR PROPELLER VENTILATING CO., MITED;
57, Fore Street, and <~, Austin Friars, London, E.C.

Cuiass XX.

Pottery, &e.

CAWKWELL, HENRY ATKIN-
IN, High Street, Malvern.—Mosaic and
caustic Tiles, for pavements, hall floors, &c.

NOLAN, LUKE, Park Street West,’

runswick.—Majolica Cane and Rocking-

m Ware, Stoneware, Chesterfield Ware, Stone-
Jars, Preserve Jars, Rustic Ware.

TECHNOLOGICAL MUSEUM,
bourne (J. COSMO-NEWBERY,
M.G., Superintendent).-—Pottery ware.

BENDIGO POTTERY CoO., Limited
HE), Epsom, near Sandhurst (G. D.
UTHRIE, Managing Director).—Orna-
ntal Parian and Majolica Vases and other

Pottery, with a General Collection of
istol and Stoneware Articles, Jars, Butter
ts, Jam Pots, &c., &c.

VICTORIAN BRICK & ORNA-

TAL TILE CO., Limited (THE),
1 Collins Street West, Melbourne.—
rt Tiles for decorative purposes, in various
lours; printed and hand-painted, glazed and
amelled.

Crass XXI.
Carpets, Mats, &c.

BIRCH, HELEN CORDELIA, 44
go Street, South Yarra.—Three Fancy
eed Hearth Rugs,

CLARK, 8. R., Furrier, Brunswick;
ity Depét, Sydney Buildings, Flin-
rs Street West.—Fur Mats.

MILLER, JAMES, Rope Works,

PENAL DEPARTMENT OF VIC-
RIA, Melbourne (WILLIAM GORE
RETT, Inspector-General).—One Roll
inch Coir Matting.

QUIN, JAMES, 104 & 106 Domain
ad, South Yarra.—Fur Mats.

SCHOFIELD, J., & CO. Yarra
ts.—Mats made from Skins of Native

ad, Prahran (THE REV. WILLIAM
O88, Superintendent).—Four Mats.

MUNRO, ALEXANDER, «& CO.,
atraville Woollen Mills, Melbourne.
Rugs and Mats made from prre Australian

iY "

189

STOKES & MARTIN, 29 Little Col-
lins Street East, Melbourne.—(1) Electro-
plated Fern-tree Trophy. (2) Electro-plated
Mounted Emu Eggs.

Ciass XXIII.
Bronzes and various Art Castings.

McEWAN, JAMES, & CO., Elizabeth
Street, Melbourne.—(1) Handsome Marble-
top Table. (2) Handsome Hat and Coat
Stand, bronzed. In the centre over the mirror
is an Aboriginal’s head, set in a group of ferns.
On right side of marble slab is a pair of
kangaroos, and a tree, on a branch of which is
perched a laughing jackass with snake in beak.
On the left, a pair of emus, a tree with cockatoo
perched on a branch. In centre of marble slab
is a group of ferns. Door panels are heads of
Aboriginals, surrounded with spears, shields,
and other native war implements. (8) Cast-
iron Chair in Bronze to match. (All manu-
factured by exhibitors.)

RICHARD, F. C. W.—Art Metal Work
in Iron and Copper, hand-wrought, samples
and photographs.

Cass XXIV.

Clocks and Watches.

GAUNT, THOMAS, 14 Bourke
Street East, Melbourne. — Gold Watch,
Gold Watch Case Enamelled. and Diamond
Marine Chronometer, Marine Timepiece Move-
ment, Carriage Clock.

Ciass XXYV.

Apparatus and Processes for Heating and
Lighting.

JEANS, SAMUEL ENGLAND,
High Street, St. Kilda.—Jean’s Patent Gas-
cooking Stove No. 3, with copper boiler, roaster,
and oven, with four boiling burners on top.

McEWAN, JAMES, & CO., Elizabeth
Street, Melbourne. — Cast-iron Kitchener,
fitted with oven and roaster, Gas Stoves, Water
Heaters, Fenders, Grates, &c.

LONGMORE, FRANCIS, Flinders
and King Streets; and 188 Bourke
Street East, Melbourne.—Perfumery of
various kinds: Eau de Culogne, Cherry Tooth
Paste, Lavender Water, with Musk and Rose.

Cass XX VII.
Leather Work, Fancy Articles, and Basket Work.

CLARKE, EMILY FRAN CES, 1
Fairmouth Terrace, Toorak Road.—
Flowers made of Feathers of Australian Birds.

FAWCETT, A. M., MRS., Omeo.—
Fretwork.

190

FLATOW, JOSEPH, MRS., 45
Madeline Styet, Carlton.—(1) Collection
of Sponges; also Designs in Seaweed, Coral,
and Shells. (2) Pictures and Frames orna-
mented with Pressed Flowers, Ferns, and
Grasses,

FULLER, ELIZABETH, MISS, In-
verleigh.—F lowers made of Native Birds’
Feathers.

JACKSON, LIZZIE, MISS, 3 Forest
Street, Sandhurst.—Cushion worked on Silk
and Wool: Australian Wattle-bird and Wattle
Blossom.

ROBERTSON, FRANK, 21 Eliza-
beth Street, Melbourne. — Four-leaved
Screen, composed of coloured plates of Austra-
lian subjects, forming a pictorial history of tho
progress of the Colony.

VICTORIAN ASYLUM AND
SCHOOL FOR THE BLIND, 8t. Kilda
Road, Prahran (THE REV. WILLIAM
MOSS, Superintendent).—Baskets, Nets,
and Cotton, and Woolwork of all kinds by tho
pupils.

DIVISION D.—TEXTILE FABRICS,
CLOTHING AND ACCESSORIES.

Crass XXVIII.
Woollen Yarn and Fabrics.

BALLARAT WOOLLEN MILL CoO.,
Timited (THE) (DAVID MELVIN,
Manager, Sunnyside, Ballarat).—Cloth
and other Woollen Fabrics, Blankets, Tartans
(indigo blue), Plaids and Wool Rugs (coloured).

CASTLEMAINE WCOLLEN MILL
CoO., Limited (THE).—Blankets, Flannels,
and Serges.

PENAL DEPARTMENT OF VIC-
TORIA, Melbourne (WILLIAM GORE
BRETT, Inspector.General).—Samples of
Tweed, Blankets, and Rugs.

. VICTORIAN WOOLLEN AND
CLOTH MANUFACTURING CO,
Limited (THE) (R. 8. NICHOLS,
Secretary, Geelong).—Tweeds and Military
Clothing.

SADDLERY SPECIALITIES FOR LADIES AND GENTLEMEN’
LEVEL SEAT SIDE SADDLES.
NARROW GRIP HUNTING SADDLES.

Patent Safety Aypliances for both.
CIRGULARS AND PRICED LISTS ON APPLICATION.

F. V. NICHOLLS & CO., 2, JERMYN STREET, LONDON. &i

Victoria.

ALEXANDER MUNROE & G¢
Yarraville Woollen Mills, Melbourn
—T weeds made from Pure Australian Wool,

WILDE, JAMES, Dorset Cottag
Mollison Street, Collingwood. —. Fan
Silk Loom, in motion, for weaving silk brocad
for ladies’ and gentlemen’s wear; also quanti

*of Silk Goods manufactured by machine,

Cuass XXIX.

CONVENT OF THE GOOD SHE
HERD, Abbotsford (SISTER MAR
Cc. CURTAIN, Superioress).—Nevy §jj
in Cocoons; Unprepared Floss Silk.

Cass XXX,

Clothing and Accessories, including Boots a
Shoes.

HENDERSON, SAMUEL, Clayto
and Gipps Streets, Richmond.—Shirt
Collars, and Cuffs,

JEFFRIES, GEORGE, 59 Collir
Street East, Melbourne. — Hand-mal
plas Boots aud Shoes and Lawn Ten
Shoes.

KELLY, JOHN M., 'Truphitt Hous
188 Russell Street, Melbourne (Boot
maker by special appointment to Hi
Excellency Sir Henry B. Loch, K.C.2
Governor of Victoria, &c., &c.).—Bu
and Shoes, shown in handsome case of Aust
lian cedar. All hand-sewn; made and clos
by resident artisans. i

LINCOLN, STUART & CO,, 10
Flinders Lane Kasi, Melbourne.—Maj
Clothing made from Victorian Tweeds aig
Cloths, comprising: Men’s Sac Suit, Walking
Suit, Frock Suit, Militia Suit, Cadet Suit, Aw
tralian Contingent Suit, and general assortmel
of Clothing as worn in Australia.

McGUIGAN,
Street, Melbourne.—-Racing,
Walking, and Dress Boots, Court-dress Sho
Patent Oxford do., Clump Sole, &c. Ladié
Boots and Shoes in every variety and style.

THE LONDON AND PARIS H
FACTORY, North Fitzroy, &
bourne. —- Hats made from Victorian Wa
and Rabbit Fur; also Dress Hats, dc. ft
iraported materials. Al! made in the Colony;

PENAL DEPARTMENT OF VIC-
ORIA, Melbourne (WILLIAM GORE
, Inspector-General).—Boots and

THOMAS, PAUL, 3 Collins Street
fe Melbourne.—Boots of all kinds of
bperior finish,

Crass XXXII.

ortable Weapons and Hunting and Shooting
Instrumenis.

BOARD FOR PROTECTION OF
BORIGINES (CAPTAIN PAGE,
scretary).—(1) Representation of » Camp
Victorian Aborigines, showing the construc-
on of a Mia-mia or rude shelter, with models
Natives from Life. (2) Collection of Native
eapons.

Crass XXXTII.
Travelling Apparaius and Camp Equipage.

CLARK, 8. R., Purrier, Brunswick ;
ty Depét, Sydney Buildings, Flinders
eat West, Melbourne.—Fur Wraps,
obes, Rugs, Caps, Coats, Vests, Muffs, in
oth, Kangaroo, Wallaby, Wallaroo; Black,
lver, Ringtail, and Common Opossum.

CUNNINGHAM, OLIVER F., Omeo.
Stockman’s Outfit, consisting of Saddle, Bri-
e, Breastplate, Leggings, Knife Sheath, Pouch,
ddlebag, Hobbles, Stockwhip, Valise and
raps, All made from locally ~ prepared

CURTIS, JOHN, 95 Bourke Street

est, Melbourne.—Portmanteaux and
pavelling Bags
DAHLKE’S FILTER CO.; REU-

Y THOMAS ADAMS, City Road,
nce’s Bridge, South Melbourne.—
he Traveller's Syphon Filter.

JONES, GEORGE THOMAS, Maffra,
orth Gippsland, Victoria.—Travelling
g, made from 920 tanned Oposaum tails.

PAUSACKER, EVANS & CO.,8 and
) Lonsdale Street West, Melbourne.—-
Traveller’s Sample Case (Commercial).
) Lady’s Trunk. (8) Gent’s Trunk. All
de of Victorian leather.

PENAL DEPARTMENT OF VIC-
ORIA, Melbourre (WILLIAM GORE

RETT, ‘Inspector-General). —- Leather
ork, Despatch Bags, &c.

SCHOFIELD, J., & CO. Yarra
ats.—Fur Rugs.

CTORIAN ASYLUM & SCHOOL
THE BLIND, 8t. Kilda Road,

ftahran (the Rev. Wm. MOSS, Super-

itendent}.—Brushes of ul! kinds,

191

ZEVENBOOM, JOHN & SON, Eliza-
beth Street,’ Melbourne, —Collection of
Brushware,

DIVISION E.—TIMBER, WOOL,
LEATHER, AND OTHER RAW
AND MANUFACTURED PRO-
DUCTS.

Crass XXXIV.

Products of the Cultivation of Forests and of
the Trades appertaining thereto,

ABBOTT, J. H, & CO., Market
Square, Sandhurst.—Barks for Tanning
purposes.

SAIRNSDALE SHIRE COUNCIL
(H. BREDT, Shire Secretary ).—Samples
of Timber from Gippsland Forest Trees.

BARRY, JAMES MORGAN, Alpine
Tannery; Omeo.—Bark for Tanning.

BOARD FOR THE PROTECTION
OF ABORIGINES (Capt. PAGE, Se-
cretary), Temple Court, Melbourne.—
Basket Work.

BONETTI, GIUSEPPI, 130 Spring
Street, Melbourne.—Examples of Coopering.

COSTIN, HENRY, Iydiard Street,
Ballarat.—Assortment of Timber.

DEPARTMENT OF RAILWAYS
(Secretary, P. P. LABERTOUCHE).—
Three Sleepers of Red-gum, Ironbark, and Box.

GEYER, GEORGE WILLIAM, St.
Arnaud.-~--Products of the Australian Forest.

JACKSON & BREARLEY, Bark
Merchants, Bairnsdale.—Bark.

JOHNSTON, WILLIAM, Tongio
Station, Tongio. — Samples of Indigenous
Timber.

MAFPFRA SHIRE COUNCIL
(GEORGE THOMAS JONES, Shire
Secretary).—Two bundles Wattle Bark, por-
tions of the trunk of a Red Gum-tree.

MUELLER, BARON von, M. &
Ph.D., K.C.M.G., F.R.8., Government
Botanist, Melbourne.—(1) Four Reposito-
ries containing samples of 166 species of Au-
stralian Woods in book form. (2) Three Glass
Gases containing 132 Articles manufactured of
different kinds of Australian Woods,

TECHNOLOGICAL MUSEUM (GJ.
COSKIO NEWBERY, Esq, 3B.Sc.,
C.M.G., Superintendent).—(1) A court
formed of the principal Victorian Timbers,
comprising 200 specimens of the most valuable;
named and illustrated by pictorial specimens of
the fruit, leaf, and flower of each. (2) Céilec-

192

Victoria.

tion of io ager of Woods, from the Trees LUCAS, DR. T. P., Bank and Cec

and Sh of Victoria, adapted for economic
purposes. Prepared for exhibition by F. W.
Barnard. (The flowers and foliage painted in
the Museum by Miss M. Vale.)

APOLLO BAY TIMBER CO,,
Limited (THE), Office, 54 Lydiard
Street, Ballarat (CHARLES SEAL,
Chairman). — Assortments of Victorian
Timber, Seed Pods cf Blue-gum, and leaves of
Blue-gum, Musk, Beech, and Blackwood.

UNITED SHIRE OF METCALFE
(W. C. REEVES, Secretary), Shire
Hall, Metcalfe.—Sample of Native Woods
grown within the Shire of Metcalfe.

WIGHTMAN & SON, Blackwood
Steam Saw Mills, Blackwood.—Speci-
mens of Blve-gum, Blackwood, Stringybark
aoe and assorted sizes of Colonial Building
‘imber.

WILLEY, R., Avondale, East Belle-
rine.—Wattle Bark and Wattle Seeds.

Ciass XXXY.

Products of Hunting, Shooting, Fishing, and
Spontaneous Products, Machines and Instru-
ments connected therewith.

BRUMBY, ALFRED, Omeo.—Case of
Natural History Specimens.

BUCHAN, CAPTAIN JOHN, 8&t.
Leonards, near Sale. — Stuffed Native
Animals: Flying Fox, Flying Squirrel, Iguana,
Native Bear, Native Cat, “Opossum, Paddy
Meion, Platypus, Porcupine, Rock Lizard.

CAMPBELL, ARCHIBALD J,
H.M. Customs, Melbourne.—Scientific
Collection of Australian Birds’ Eggs.

CLARE, S. R., Furrier, Brunswick
(City Depét, Sydney Buildings, Flin-
ders Street West, Melbourne).—Skins of
Native Animals.

FRENCH, CHARLES, Botanical
Museum, South Yarra.—Five cases con-
taining Specimens of the Insect-Fauna of
Australia, prepared for the Commissioners by
C. French, F.L.S., Department of Government
Botanist, Melbourne.

Streets, South Melbourne.—Exhibit
Australian Birds’ Eggs. Australian Le
doptera, anil Australian Coleoptera.

MUELI.ER, BARON FERDINANI
VON, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R.8., Govern
ment Botiauist, Melbourne.—Five case
containing nine Albums with Dried Specimengl
of Plants illustrative of the Resources of Vi
toria, incluling some from other parts ¢
Australia.

NATIONAL MUSEUM OF VIC
TORIA (Director, PROF ESSO!I
McCOY, F.R.S., &c.).—A Collection ila
trating the natural history of Victoria.

QUIN, JAMES, 104 & 10€ Too
Road, Sovt Yarra.—-Fur Rugs.

SCHOUR, HERMANN J. H., O
—Native Furs.

STIRLING, ELIZABETH ANNIE
Survey Office, Omeo.—One case (Entom
logical Collection).

WILSON & LINAKER, Briagalong)
North Gippsland. — Stuffed Birdz
Animals,

Crass XXXVI.
Agricultural Products not used for Food.

ABBOTT, J. H. & CO.,
Square, Sandhurst.—Beeswax.

BOSISTO, JOSEPH, M.P., Bich
mond, Melbourne.—Essential Oils, Gum
Resins, &c. (1) Essential Oil of Eucalyptus
commerce, obtained from the allied varieties
the Amygdalina species. (2) Essential Oils
Eucalyptus Amygdalina. (3) Essential Oil
Kucalyptus Amyeraline: ‘4) Essential Oil
Eucalyptus Globulus (the Blue-gum tree of Vi
toria). (5) Essential Oil of Eucalyptus Ole
Rectif. (6) Essential Oil of Eucalyptus Dum
Non-rectified. (7) Oleo Resin of Eucalypta
(8) Essential Oil of Eucalyptus Citriodora. &
Essential Oil of Eucalyptus Fissilis, or}
mate. (10) Essential Oil of Goniocalys
White Gum. (11) Essential Oil of Eucalyy
Obliqaa-—Stringybark. Specimen samplesony
showing the many uromas existing in t
family of plants. Thirty-three other ¢
(all fully described in Victoria Court 0
logue). 7

The Archbishops aud Bishops of the Church of England, and many eminent Clergymen and Mixisters, concur im rece

THE OXFORD BIBLE FOR TEACHERS.

It is issued in Ten Sizes, with the Text

varying in price irom 7s. to 3ls. 6d.
The er her of Miexth (Mr. Reichel): “The OXFORD
BIBLE F EACEERS is aaer the most valuable edition of the

rele o ever presented to the public.”

in each 60 as to co
sizes on best Rag-made Printing Paper, varying in price from 9s. to 45s. Four sizes on thin

rrespond page for page with all the others.
opaque India

Rev. C. H. Spur
and want the VERY BES
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con: “If you want to buy a Sew !
} "rite for a List of the OXFORD Sil

SCLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS.
Loxnpon: HENRY FROWDE, Oxford University Press Warehouse, Amen Corns, E.O. §

Victoria,

193

FERGUSON, JOSEPH, Bowman’s
ast.—Tobacco and Leaf.

GUILFOYLE, W. R., F.LS., Di-
sector Botanic Gardens, Melbourne,—
ibre-yielding Plants, and other Exhibits
om the Melbourne Botanic Gardens.

JACOBS, HART, & CO., 72 Queen
reet, Melbourne.—Cigars of all kinds,
anufactured by Exhibitors in Melbourne.

MAFFRA SHIRE COUNCIL
PEORGE T. JONES, Shire Secretary).
hire Fibres, made from inner bark of trees,
pind on Macalister River, North Gippsland.

MILLER, JAMES, Moray Street
orth, South Melbourne. — Ropes,
vines, Hessians, &c.

MUELLER, BARON FERDINAND
ON, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R.8., Govern-
ent Botanist, Melbourne.—Australian
psins, Kinos, and Gums.

Crass XXXVII.
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products.

ATKIN, CHARLES AGER, Che-
st, 41 & 43 Errol Street, North
elbourne.—\Juinine Wine.

ICARWARDINE, WALTER
SENRY, Charlton Road, Sandhurst.
amples of Tallow for export.

DIXON, F. J., & CO. 32 Rosslyn
jreet, Melbourne.—Aérated Waters.

ECKERSLEY, JOHN, 8st. Arnaud.
Eucalyptus Oil, Ointment, Powder.

FELTON, GRIMWADE & CO., 31
33 Flinders Lane West, Melbourne.

hemical and Pharmaceutical Preparations.

BHATTERSLEY, JOHN, Yackan-
ndah.—Soda Water.

OHNSTONE, JEANNIE H., Corio

Take ne Dental aud Detergent

KITCHEN, J.. & SONS: and
@ OLLO COMPANY, Iimited, 28
nders Lane West,

- Melbourne.—
tarine Candies, Soaps (Household and

icy), Soda Crystals, Refined and Crude
sag Oils, Soft Soap, Mutton and Beef

~ HINGMAN & CO., 270 Wel-
ee Benes Collingwood.—Samples
ethers Nes monet for ships’ bottoms,

LEWIS & WHITTY, Flinders Lane
West, Melbourne.—Starch, Washing Blue,
Borax Soap, Carbolic Soap, Borax Eucalyptus
ser 4 Borax, Extract of Soap, Blacking, Knife
olish.

LOAN, LEWIS, Walhalla, Gipps-
land.—(1) Aérated and Mineral Waters. (2)
Fluid Magnesia.

MILLER, JOSEPH, 123 Lonsdale
Street West.—Disinfectants; and Specifics
for diseases of Vines, Fruit Trees, &c.

MUELLER, BARON FERDINAND
VON, M. & Ph.D, K.C.M.G., F.R.S.,
Government Botanist, Botanical Mu-
seum, South Yarra.—Vegetable Products.

SULLIVAN, JOSEPH, 15 King
William Street, Fitzroy.—-Bullet-formed
Disinfecting Balls, made of « very hydroscopic
silica and alumina sinter,

WALKER, FREDERICK, Spring
Strect, Preston.— Glue.

Ciass XXXVIII.
Leather and Skins.

ABBOTT, J. H, & CO., Market
Square, Sandhurst.—Tanned and Ourried
Leather of all kinds,

BARRY, JAMES MORGAN, Alpine
Tannery, Omeo.—-(1) Hides, tanned; Rough
Tanned Kip and Crop. (2) Tanned Kangaroo
and Wallaby Skins. (3) Tanned Furs—Opos-
sum. Emu, Diago, Platypus, Wallaby, Kangaroo,
Native Bear, Native Cat.

BRUMBY, ALFRED, Omeo.—Samples
of Dressed Native Furs.

CUNNACK, GEORGE, Tanner and
Leather Merchant, Castlemaine.—Sole
Leather.

HAYMAN, J. B., Tannery, Simp-
son’s Road Depét, Gertrude Street,
Fitzroy.—(1) Shoe Leather,—T wo Crop Butts.
(2) Saddle and Harness Leather.

JACKSON & BREARUEY, Bark
Merchants, Bairnsdale.—Leather and
Furs.

MICHAELIS, HALLENSTEIN &
CO.,. 80 Lonsdale Street Hast, Mel-
bourne.—(1) Light Sole Leather. (2) Heavy
Sole Leather.

PENAL DEPARTMENT OF VIC-
TORIA (WILLIAM GORE BRETT,
Inspector-General).—Tanned Leather, con
sisting of Calf, Kip, and Kangaroo.

0

194

WOOL,

Crass A.
Merino Wool, Washed.

Bailey and Wynne, Terrinallum Estate, Dar-

lington, Victoria.
ussell, The Hon. Phillip, Carngham, Vic-

toria,

Russell, Thos., Warrook, Rokewood, Victoria.

Russell, T., and Co., Barunah Plains, Hesse,
Victoria.

Simson, Robert, Langikalkal, by ‘Trewalla,
Victoria.

Bailey and Wynne, Terrinallum Estate, Dar-
lington, Victoria.

Russell, 'f'., and Co., Barunah Plains, Hesse.

Bailey and Wynne, Terrinallum Estate, Dar-
lington, Victoria.

ussell, The Hon. Phillip, Carngham, Vic-

toria.

Russell, T., and Co., Barunah Plains, Hesse.

Simson, Robert, Langikalkal, by ‘Trewalla,
Victoria.

Bailey and Wynne, Terrinallum Estate, Dar-
lington, Victoria.

Crass B.

Merino Wool, Unwashed.

Owners of South Brighton Estate, Horsham.

Bailey and Wynne, Terrinallam Estate, Dar-
lington, Victoria.

Buchanan, Lieut.-Colonel, Titanga, Lismore,
Victoria.

Bullivant, Wm. Hose, Longerenong, Murtoa,
Victoria.

Currie, J. L., and Co., Larra, Camperdown,
Victoria.

Elder, William and N. G., The Meadows,
Rokewood, Victoria.

Lewis, William, Stoneleigh, Beaufort.

Russell, Phillip, Carngham, Victoria.

Russell, T., and Co., Barunah Plains, Hesse,
Victoria.

Wilson, John, Galla, Lismore.

Ayrey, Charles, Waranooke, Glenorchy, Vie-
toriu.

Buchanan, Lieut.-Colonel, Titanga, Lismore,
Victoria.
_ Currie, J. L., and Co., Larra, Camperdown,
Victoria.

Buchanan, Lieut.-Colonel, Titanga, Lismore,
Victoria. ©

Bullivant, Wm. Hose, Longerenong, Murtoa,
Victoria.

Victoria.

Currie, J. L., and Co,, Larra, Camperdown,
Victoria.

Russell, 'T., and Co,, Barunah Plains, Hesse,
Victoria.

Wilson, John, Galla, Lismore.

Ware, Joseph, Minjah, Caramut, Victoria.

Bailey and Wynne, Terrinallum Estate, Dar.
lington, Victoria.

Buchanan, Lieut.-Colonel, Titanga, Lismor,
Victoria.

Currie, J. L., and Co., Larra, Camperdown.

Ware, Joseph, Minjah, Caramut, Victoria,

Wilson, John, Galla, Lismore, Victoria,

Bailey and Wynne.

Buchanan, Lieut.-Colonel, Titanga, Lismore,
Victoria.

Currie, J. L., and Co., Larra, Camperdown,
Victoria.

Lewis, William, Stoneleigh, Beaufort.

Russell, Phillip, Carngham, Victoria.

Wilson, John, Galla, Lismore, Victoria.

Crass D.
Long Wood, Unwashed.

Clarke, Sir W. Ji, Bart., 27 Queen-street,
Melbourne.

Clarke, Si W, J., Bart., 27 Queen-street, Mel-
bourne,

Crass E.

Scoured Wool.

Halliburton, J. H., and Co., 100 Collins-stred
west, Melbourne.

Halliburton, J. H., and Co., 100 Collins-stred
west, Melbourne. ;

Halliburton, J. H., and Co., 100 Colli
west, Melbourne.

Special Exhibit shown in handsome case of Vie
torian blackwood by R. Goldsbrough and Co,
Limited, Melbourne, containing samples ¢
wool from the following growers.

Currie, J. L., Eildon, St. Kilda.

Degraves, C. and J., Coliban Park, Elphit
stone.

Russell, Hon. Phillip, Carngham, Victoria.

Thompson, G. W., Challicum, Buangor.
4 i aidan and Matheson, Moranghurk,

ridge.

Williamson, Walter, De Cameron, Wimme
Bast, Victoria.

aruntohedty George, Retreat, Casterton, V
toria,

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty:

GOLD KEYLESS CENTRE SECONDS STOP WATCH. For Medical, Scientific, a
Racing Men. In stout 18-catat crystal case, $-plate lever, chronometer balance, and je welled in 13 actions
sound useful Watch. £18, £21, £26.

GOLD KEYLESS ?.PLATE CENTRE SECONDS HALF-CHRONOMETER ST
WATCH. For Medica}, Scientific, and Racing purposes, A first-class Watch, fully jewelled, with or without
‘double circle showing 24 o'clock, £26,, £29, £35. ;

Victoria.

stal, Le Fevre, and Co., Messrs., Engle-

field, Cavendish.

Davis, Charles Perey, Mount Carmel, Red-
pastle, Victoria.

Dowling, Thos., and Son, Jellalabad, Dar-
ington, Victoria.

Hayman, W. K., Fulham, Balmoral.
Ramsden, Richard, Brungbrungle, Wannon,
pid Hamilton.

Wight, E. Byam, jun.

Williamson, Walter, De Cameron, Wimmera
1 st, Victoria.

Dowling, Thos., and Son, Jellalabad, Dar-
ington, Victoria.

ussell, Hon. Phillip, Carngham, Victoria.

Wight, E. Byam, jun., Spring Vale, vid Bal-
noral.

Williamson, Walter, De Cameron, Wimmera
ast, Victoria.

Chrystal Le Fevre & Co., Englefield, Caven-
ish. ;

Hayman, W. E., Hulham Estate, Balmoral.

Robertson, William, Gringegalgona, Victoria.

Williamson, Walter, De Cameron, Wimmera

ast, Victoria.

Austin, Josiah, Skelmorlie, Dandenong-road,
aulfield.

Special Exhibits of Wool are also shown by the
Jollowing.
@ Ware, Joseph, Minjah, Caramut, Victoria.
Metcalf, United Shire of, Coliban Park,
Iphinstone.

m New Zealand Loan and Mercantile Agency

ompany, Limited, Collins-street west, Mel-
ourne.

The Australian Mortgage and Agency Com-
any, Limited, Melbourne.

Russell, Thomas, Esq. Yarima Station,

CS Sy.

Russell, Thomas, Esq., Wurrook Station,
okewood.

Russell, Hon. Phillip, Carngham, Victoria.
Wilson, Sir Samuel, 9 Grosvenor Square, W.,
ondon. Samples of Wool grown on the Ercil-
pune Estate, Victoria. (4 exhibits.)

IVISION F.—-APPARATUS
PROCESSES USED IN THE
MECHANICAL INDUSTRIES,
CARRIAGES, HARNESS, &c.

Cuass XXXIX.

Agricultural Implements and Processes used
in the Cultivation of Fields and Forests.

BEARD & SISSON, Natimuk

bundry, Natimuk.—(1) One Stripping
chine. (2) One Winnowing Machind

FLOOD, FREDERICK, 139 Lonsdale
reet West, Melbourne,—Floating Mill
i Flood’s Water-lift combined, for watering
nships, irrigating land, gold sluicing on
e orany purpose wi a continuous
Pply of water is required.

| Carri
AND | Clothes Washing Machine, with Wringer

195

KELLY ck
Road

& PRESTON, Creswi
, Ballarat.—Double-furrow Plough.

PERRY, JOHN, 167 Russell Street,
and 85 Lonsdale Street East, Melbourne,
—Trophy Wheels, Hay Rakes, Axe, and other
Handies of various descriptions, made from
Autralian timbers.

TYNAN, JOHN, Ballarat, exhibited
under the auspices of the Ballarat
Agricultural and Pastoral Society.—
Single-farrow Plough.

Crass XL.

Apparatus and Processes used in Agricultural
Works and in Works for the Preparation of
Food.

CHERRY, EDWARD, & SONS,

Gisborne.—Collection of Butter Churns.

LANCE, GEORGE, Liebig Street,
Warrnambool-—Combined Iron and ‘Tin
Cheese Vat.

JOSEPH, 32 Collins
Street West.—Bexhives composed of New
Zealand stone.

NOLAN, LUKE, Park Street West,
Brunswick.—Drain Pipes.

Crass XLII.
Machines and Apparatus in general.

PENAL AND GAOLS DEPART-
MENT OF VICTORIA (WILLIAM
GORE BRETT, Inspector-General),
Melbourne.—Writing Machine, Sewing
Machine, and Desk, manufactured by prison
labour at the Penal Establishment, Pentridge.

TYRER, PETER, 425 King Street,
Melbourne.—Samples of Patent Spark Ar-
resters, as made for Locomotives and Portable
Engines; also samples of Cork Extractors.

WALLS, JOHN, Blacksmith and
Builder, Camperdown.—Patent

attached.

WILLSON, R. J. FERMOR, Flinders
xen West, Melbourne.—Patent Washing
Machine.

Crass XLITIL.

Carriages and Wheelwrights’ Work.—Carriages.

PERRY, JOHN, 167 Russeli Street,

and Lonsdale Street East, Mel-

bourne.—Steam Bent Timber for Carriage

Builders’ and Wheelwrights’ work.
PICKLES, G. F.. & SONS, Mel-

bourne ( » Bi ee ae Abbot's
uggy- rewster Pattern Buggy. (3

Convertible Buggy. (4) Brougham. &

02

196

ROBINSON & MORSE, Fairy Street,
Warrnambool.—Open Single-seated Con-
cord Buggy.

STEPHENS BROS., Coachbuilders,
Liebig Street, Warrnambool.—Victorian
Ningle-seated Open Concord Buggy, with pole
und leading bars, close plated silver mountings.

WHITE, DANIEL, Swanston Street,
Melbourne.—Goddard Buggy, with inner
ori A 0 wheels, and spring washer axles;
painted lake, and trimmed in brown cloth.

Ciass XLIV.
Harness and Saddlery.

ALTSON, DAVID, & CO., 25 Bourke
Street West, Melbourne. — (1) Buggy
Harness. (2) Saddle, Pack. (8) Saddle,
Australian Horse-breaking or Buck-jumping.
(4) Saddle, Australian Stock, Patent Panel,
open Gullet. (5) Bridles, Saddles, Australian
Stock, two. (6) Water Bottles.

KNIGHT, WILLIAM, & CO., Bath
Buildings, Charing Cross, Sandhurst.—
(1) Buggy Harness. (2) Saddles, Lady’s and
Gentleman’s.

PENAL DEPARTMENT OF VIC-
TORIA.—Saddles.

Ciass XLV.
Railway Plant of all kinds

GRIFFITHS, WILLIAM GHORGE,
Newport Workshops, Victorian Rail-
ways.—Model of State Railway Carriage,
constructed of Australian Woods, fitted with
model Wood’s patent continuous brake.

Ciass XLVI,
Telegraphic Apparatus and Processes.

DEPARTMENT OF POST OFFICE
AND TELEGRAPHS.—Relay, Signal
Key, Batteries, and section of Telegraph Pole.

Ciass XLVII.

Building Materials, Apparatus and Processes of
Civil Engineering, Public Works, and Archt-
tecture.

ARCHIBALD, JOSEPH, Curator of

Museum, Kepler Street, Warrnambool.

--Stone for building material.

BARTON & C0.,
and SHIPPERS.

WINE MERCHANTS

Victoria,

ots, BARTON & COMPANY. 13s

WINES, SPIRITS, and LIQUEURS,
FULL DETAILED PRICE LIST ON APPLICATION,

For Abbreviated Particulars see Foot Notes on pages 21, 87, 168, 306.

BEEBE, WILLIAM, & SON, Mit.
chell Street, Sandhurst.—Polished Granite
Fountain of Harcourt (Mt. Alexander) Granite,

BROWN, EDWIN, Shire Engineer,
oa gala, aha Castors of brass and other
metals.

BROWN, JOHN WILLIAM, Made.
line Street, Carlton.—Colonial Stone a
used in public buildings.

CORNWELL, EGAN, & STONH, 16
Market Buildings, Flinders Lane West,
Melbourne. — Patent Victoria Hydraulic
Freestone.

KARA KARA SLATH COMPANY
(J. BRACHHE, Agent), 105 Collins Street
West, Melbourne.—Slates (roofing).

KELSON, J. H., Mansfie.d.—Freestone,
Encrinital Marble.

MELDRUM, JAMES, Sale, Gipps
land.—Limestone and Lime.

PENDERGAST, JAMES, Mt. Lein-
ster, Hinnoomunjie Post Office.—Sampla
of Marble and Building Stones.

THE HOFFMAN PATEN!
STEAM BRICK CO., Limited, 65
Queen Street, Melbourne.—Bricks
various kinds.

THE STAWELL &
FREESTONE QUARRY CO.
GALBRAITH, Secretary), Patrickiig,
Street, Stawell.—Four blocks of Dressed Bs
Grampian Freestone, specimen of the Stone
used in the construction of the New Parliament
Houses, Melbourne.

UNITED SHIRE OF METCALF
(W. C. REEVES, Shire Secretary), Me
calfe,—Polished Column of Harcourt Grani

WILSON, CORBEN & CO, 1
Lonsdale Street East, Melbourne.
Enameiled Slath Bath and Lavatory, 0
Castlemaine Slate Step, and one Rough F
The Enamelled Bath is manufactured fro
Castlemaine Slate, of which the rough flag is
specimen.

ESTAB.

“A's ‘TOpuO'T

_ ‘goer; somee “18 ‘Go

Crass XLVIII.
Navigation and Life-saving.

ROYAL HUMANE SOCIETY OF
AUSTRALIA, 41 Selborne Chambers,
Melbourne. — Medals and Certificates of
Merit awarded by the Royal Humane Society
of Australia for saving human life, either ashore
or at sea.

THIRKETTLE, W. J., Kyneton.
Models of Yachts

WATTS, WALTER KEEVIL, River-
side, St. Helliers Street, Abbotsford.—
Model of Cutter Yachts.

WILLSON, R. J. F., 90 Flinders
Lane West, Melbourne.—Working Model
of Steamer,

Crass XLIX.
Materials and Apparatus for Military Purposes.

PERRY, JOHN, 167 Russell Street,
and 85 Lonsdale Street East, Mel-
bourne.—Spokes and Naves, specially suitable
for Gun Carriages.

DIVISION G.— AGRICULTURAL
AND OTHER ALIMENTARY
PRODUCTS.

Crass L.

Cereals, Farinaceous Products, and Products
derived from them.

ALLAN, GLOVER & CO., 26 King
Street, Melbourne.— Wheat, Barley, Malting
Barley, Cape Oats, Tartarian Oats, Pollard,
Mand others; Peas, Field (Dun and Grey).

ARNOLD, JAMES, Loy Yung, near
Bairnsdale.—Maize (White).

BRUNTON, T., & CO., Australian
Mills, Melbourne.—(1) Wheat. (2) Flour
(Patent). (8) Flour (Imperial).

BURSTON, SAMUEL, & CO., 123
-129 Flinders Street East, Melbourne.
—(1) Barley (Chevalier), Victorian grown.
(2) Pneumatic Malt, made on Galland’s Pneu-
matic system. (8) Amber Malt. (4) Black
me _ manufactured from Victorian-grown
arley.

CALVERT, JOHN, Bruthen, Gipps-
and.—One bale Hops.

CHANDLER, JAMES, Elm Farm,
utherglen.—Wheat, Purple Straw.

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICUL-

(D. E. MARTIN, Secretary),

Ei

Victoria.

197

Buck Wheat Castor Oil Beans, Arrow-

root (prepared), Almonds, Figs (dried), Olive

Oil, Linseed Oil, Olives (pick ad Wine (red),

eo (white), Wool, Also Forest Treo
eeds.

DIMBOOLA & NORTH WIM.
MERA AGRICULTURAL & PAS-
TORAL SOCIETY (J. FISHER, Secre-
tary), Dimboola.— Wheat (one bushel).

FOSTER, HENRY, Omeo.—Cereals
(various).

GEYER, GEORGE WILLIAM, 8t.
Arnaud.—Wheat grown in Mallee country.

GIBSON, JOHN, Hinnoomunjie,
Victoria.—Wheat, Oats, Barley.

GILLESPISB, JAMES, & CO., Patent
Roller Flour Mills, Leicester Street,
Carlton, Melbourne.—Flour, Victorian
Wheat.

GILLIES, DANIEL, Dry Diggings
P.O.—(1) Tartariau Oats. (2) Dun Peas.

GORDON, HUGH, Ballyrogan.—(1)
Frampton Wheat. (2) Tartarian Oats.

GORDON, PETER, Ballyrogan.—
Frampton Wheat.

HARVEY, THOMAS TEAGUE,
Glenorchy.— Wheat, Purple Straw.

HOPPNER, CHRISTOPHER, Swan
bea Tambo, Gippsland.—One bale
ops.

JOHNS, ALFRED J., Kerang.—
Loddon Purple Straw Wheat.

JOHNS, JOHN, Katandra.—(1) White
Lamas Wheat. (2) Italian Battledore Barley.
(3) Poland Oats (short).

KIERATH, CHARLES, Chiltern.—
Purple Straw Wheat.

LANAGAN, JOHN, Lallat Plains
Rupanyup.—Purple Straw Wheat.

LEWIS, MINCHEN, Bailyrogan.—

(1) White Frampton Wheat. (2) Tartarian
Oats. (3) Short Oats.
LEWIS, WILLIAM, Shepherd’s

Flat.—Purple Straw Wheat.

LEWIS & WHITTY, Flinders Lane
West, Melbourne.—Egg Powder, Baking
Powder, Curry Powder, Custard Powder.

LONGMORE, THOMAS, Werona
P.O., vid Smeaton.—(1) Tartarian Oats.
(2) Short Oats. (8) Field Peas (Dun).

elbourne.—Samples of Wheat, Barley, Outs. MAXWELL, DANIEL, Cohuna.—
eas, Linseed, Flax, Carraway Seed, Coriander | (1) Wheat. (2) Malti
American Broom Seed, Sugar Beet Seed, Pie, pets Codaman heeds te 5a

198

MOODY, J. O., Flinders Lane West,
Melbourne. — (1) Five bales Tasmanian
Hops. (2) Five bales Victorian Hops.

MURTOA & CENTRAL WIM-
MERA AGRICULTURAL & PAS-
TORAL SOCIETY, Murton.—(1) Cheva-
lier Malting Barley, grown by Charles Langley,
sen. (2) Wheat, grown by Joseph McDonald,
Carchap.

McDONALD, JOHN, Myall Flat,
Cohuna.—W heat.

McINTOSH, JAMES, Tahbilk.—(1)
Wheat. (2) Oats.

NAGEL, JACOB, Malmsbury.—(1)
Wheat, in sheaf and grain. (2) Oats. (3) Rye
(4) Seeds.

NEW ZEALAND LOAN & MER-
CANTILE AGENCY CO., Collins
Street West, Melbourne.—Wheat, Oats,
Barley, &c., &c.

PATERSON & CO., Warrnambool.—
Farina.

PENDERGAST, PATRICK, Cooyal-
merang, near Bairnsdale.—(1) Barley.
(2) Oats. (8) Maize. (4) Mangolds.

POLSON, ANGUS, Ararat.—Wheat.

RIDGWAY, ANTHONY, Clyde, vid
Cranbourne.—(1) Wheat. (2) Oats.

ROBERTS & PARRY, Franklinford.
-—Short Oats.

THOMPSON, HUGH, JUN., Dry
ake, Kerang.—Purple Straw Wheat.

é
WALTERSON & TAYLOR, Omeo.
-—Flour from Wheat grown on the Omeo Plains.

WILLEY, ROBERT, East Bellarine,
Port Arlington.—(1) Peas. (2) Beans,
Broad Windsor. (3) Flax Seed. (4) Onion
Seed. (5) Carrot Seed. :

Victoria.

YEAMAN, ARCHIBALD.—(1) Wheat
(2) Oats. (8) Oats and Wheat, in sheaf. (4
Twenty-four varieties Australian Native Grasseg

ZORN, EDWARD, Clayton’s Road
Oakleigh.—(1) Ourry Powder, (2) Ow
Paste,

Crass LI.
Bread, Biscuits, &e.

GUEST, T. B., & CO., William Stree
Melbourne.—Fancy Biscuits, exhibited in
handsome trophy. (Samples on sale in Colonis
market.)

SWALLOW & ARIEL, 4 Queer
Street, Melbourne; Factory, Port Mel
bourne.—Fancy Biscuits, Cakes, Plum Pad
dings, Mince Meat, Aérated Flour; shown in
handsome octagon-shaped trophy. (Sample
on sale in Colonial market.)

Ctass LIT.
Fatty Substances used us Food.

CURRIE, JOHN, Little Collin
Street West, Melbourne.—Cheese, ap
cially manufactured and packed for export
(On sale in Colonial market.)

FOSTER, HENRY, Shire Valuer,
Shire Hall, Omeo.—Dairy Produce.

LONGWIRE, THOMAS, Werona-—
(1) Salt Butter. (2) Powdered Butter.

McMEEKIN BROS., Warrnambool
—Cheese.

ROBERTS & PARRY, Franklinford
—Salt Butter.

Crass LITI,
Meat and Fish.

LONGMORE, FRANCIS, Flinden
and King Streets, Melbourne.—Ming
Meat.

THE MELBOURNE MEAT PE
SERVING CO. Limited (H. B®
CUDDEN, Secretary), 56 Queen Stree
Melbourne.—Preserved Meat in tins.

LUXURIOUS EASY CHAIRS AND DIVANO}

MANUFACTURED BY

HOWARD & SONS,

25, 26, & 27, BERNERS STREET, LONDON, Wi

Victoria.

THE WESTERN MEAT PRE-
SERVING CO., Limited, Colac and
Camperdown (C. M. FARRINGTON,
Manager, Colac).—(1) Boiled Rabbit. (2)
Curried Rabbit. (8) Rabbit and Onions.
(Samples on sale in Colonial dining rooms and
markets.) ,

Crass LIV.
Vegetables ana Fruits,

[Special arrangements have been made for con-
veying fresh vegetables and fruits to London,
in refrigerating chambers, during the months
the Exhibition remains open; and these will
be on sale in the Colonial fruit market.}

BROWN, W. P., Dandenong Road,

Malvern.—Conserve of Tomatoes.

MARRINER, GEORGE, Colac.—
Native Bread, found at Cobden, near Camper-
down.

MELLON, FRANCIS, Dunolly.—
Dried Fruits: (1) Apples. (2) Currants. (3)
Peaches. (4) Pears. (5) Almonds. (6)
Prunes.

PIERCE, W. C., & CO., McIvor Road,
Sandhurst.—Mixed Pickles, Mustard Pickles,
Sultana Pickles, Tomato Pickles, Onions, &c.

RED CROSS PRESERVING CO.,
Melbourne (D. C. McAUSLANE,
Agent, Hastcheap Buildings, E.C.) —
Preserved Victorian Fruits (various).

ZORN, EDWARD, Clayton’s Road,
Oakleigh.—Conserve of Tomatoes, Pickled
Tomatoes, Dried Herbs.

Crass LY.
Condiments and Stimulants—Oonfectionery.

ABBOTT, J. H., & CO., Market
Square, Sandhurst.—Honey.

BARRETT, WILLIAM, Clayton
Street, Ballarat.—Victorian Worcestershire
Sauce.

BILLSON, ALFRED A., Beech-
worth.—Cordials, Bitters.

BROWN, WILLIAM P., Dandenong
peed, Malvern.—Tomato Sauce, Garden
uce,

COMFORT, HENRY, Cheltenham:
—Tomato Sauce.

DILLON, BURROWS, & CO., La
Trobe Street, Melbourne.—Confectionery,
Preserved Fruits, Citron Peel, Lemon Peel,
Orange Peel.

DIXON, P. G., & CO., 82 Rosslyn
Street, Melbourne.—Cordials, Liqueurs, &c.

HARRIS, RICHARD 6&,, Liebig
Street, Warrnambool.—Tomato Sauce.

199

HOADLEY, ASEL, Burwood.—
Tomato Sauce.

HOLT, ANDREW, 233 Swanston
Street, Melbcurne,—Tomato Sauce.

HURST, EDWARD, & CO., Beech-
worth.—Cordials, &c.

KIERATH, CHARLES, Cornish-
town, wear Chiltern.—Tomato Sauce.

LOAN, LEWIS, Walhalla, Gipps-
land.—Hop Bitters and Cordials.

LONGMIRE, THOMAS, Werona.—
Honey.

LYTTLETON, M., & CO., Dimboola.
—Salt Table, gathered from Jake. in natural
state.

PALMER, RICHARD, Clayton’s
Road, Oakleigh. — Chutney, Mushroom
Catsup.

PIERCE, W. C., & CO., McIvor Road,
Sandhurst.— Chutney, Tomato, and other
kinds of sauce.

REID, JOHN, & CO., Market Square,
Sandhurst.—Federal Sauce, Tomato Sauce.

REID, T. R., & CO,, 116 Drummond
Street, Carlton.—Tomato Sauce.

ROWLEY, JOHN §8., Timor Street,
Warrnambool.—Hop Bitters, &.

SPINK, E. J. & 8S. 147 to 149 La
Trobe Street West, Melbourne.—Jams,
Preserved Fruits, and Candied Peel.

THE MARYBOROUGH FRUIT
PRESERVING CO., Limited (F. J.
OUTTRIM, Secretary), Maryborough.
—Preserved Fruits.

TROUETTE & BLAMPIED, Great
Western.— Vinegar.

ZORN, EDWARD, Clayton’s Road,
Oakleigh.—Tomato Sauce, Onkleigh Sauce,
and various other Sauces,

Crass LVI.
Fermented Drinks,

BILLSON, ALFRED A., Beech-
worth.—aAle (bottled), Porter (bottled).

BOYD & HEAD, Shamrock Brewery,
Collingwood.—Ale from Victorian malt and
hops, A:e (bottled), Trophy for beer.

COHN BRO6., Brewers, Sandhurst.
—Lager Beer, specially brewed on under-
fermentation principles.

HEDLEY BROS., Bridgewater, Lod-
don.—Ale (bottled), Stout (bottled).

HURST, EDWARD, & CO., Spring
Creek Brewery, Beechworth. — Ale,

Porter.

LOAN, LEWIS, Walhalla, Gipps-
land.—Ale (bottled).

MELBOURNE BREWING AND
MALTING CO., Limited (EDWARD
LATHAM, Managinz Director),
Carlton Brewery, Melbourne.—Running
Ale, Stock Ale, Porter.

McCRACKEN & CO., City Brewery,
Melbourne.—<Australian Bitter Ale, in wood
and bottled; a Trophy formed with stand
casks, show cards, bottles, &c. The casks and
stand are entirely made from Victorian wood.

SHELDRICK, WALTER, & CO.,
New Brewery, Warrnambool.—(1) Ale
in bulk, (2) Porter in bulk. (8) Bottled Ale,
Bottled Stoat.

WARRENHEIP DISTILLERY, Un-
limited, Mount Warrenheip, Dunns-
town (Office, 30 Lydiard Street, Balla-
ga imma Geneva, Rectified Spirits of
Wine.

WINE EXHIBITS.

In the Albert Hall Cellars and at ihe Bars
and Dining Rooms.

Australian Freehold Land and Produce Co.,
Limited, 131 Collins Street West, Melbourne ;
and Chateau Tahbilk, Goulburn River.

Joseph Best, Great Western Vineyard, Great
Western.

Thomas Blayney, Goulburn Valley Vineyard,
Nagambie.

Braché & Co., 112 Collins Street West, Mel-
bourne.

- E. Brensing, Erbslung Vineyard, Nagam-
ie.

Albert Bruhn, Emu Vineyard, Emu Creek,
Sandhurst.

Charles Buchanan, View, Bank, Beeac.

F. Busse & Sons, Burrabunnia Vineyards,
Burrabunnia,

Caldwell & Co., Melbourne. (London agent :
Mr. H. Urquhart, 16 Water Lane, E.C.)

Alex, Caughey, Mount Prior Vineyard, Goora-
madda.

Chateau Yering Wine Co., 32 Eastern Market
Cellars, Melbourne.

John Currie, Little Collins Street West,
Melbourne.

John Davis, Ngarveno, Moonee Ponds.

De Castella & Rowan, St. Hubert’s. (London
agent: Mr. Alex. Cumming, 24 Whitcomb
Street, S.W.)

The “TIMES.”
buyers are beginning to discover.”

Woods.
BURGOYNE’S AUSTRALIAN WINES.

— “These are fine wines to keep, as English

G. de Pury, Yerin
A. W. Fox, Emu eee Bendigo.

Hugh Fraser, “Olive Hills” Viney;
Brown’s Plains.

Charles Fuller, Amphitheatre Vineyard, Ip.
verleigh.

E. Graham Fulton & Co., Echuca Viney
32 Collins Street East, Melbourne.

John Gemmell, Fairlawn, Wooragee, n
Beechworth.

Baptista Gianetta, Beuliba.

H. M. Gooch & Co., 99 Collins Street W
Melbourne.

Graham Bros., Rutherglen.

F. Grosse, Bendigo Wine Cellars, 106 Colli
Street West, Melbourne.

Lawrence Hanlon, Katapora.

William Hughes, Rutherglen.

Joachim Kahland, King Street, Sandhurst.

L. Kitz & Sons, Chancery Lane, Melbourne,

Robert Kurrle, Sunbury.

M. Lang & Co. 83 Collins Street West,
Melbourne.

Lawrence & Adem, 61 William Street, Me.
bourne.

David Mitchell, Burnley Street, Richmond.

George F. Morris & Sons, Brown’s Plains.

Oakley, Adams & Co., Flinders Lane, Mel
bourne.

Joseph Pearce, Wahgunyah.

E. Schroeder, Castlemaine.

August Schwerkolt, Ringwood.

T. K. Shaw, Goornong.

Daniel Smith, Eversley.

G. Sutherland Smith & Sons, All Saints Vine
yard, Wahgunyah.

J. & C. Smith, Barnawartha.

Robert Snart, Gooramadda.

Albert Trinkaus, Wintergarden, Muckleford.

. Trouette & Blamfried, Great Western.

Sir Samuel Davenport, Champagne, made by
Exhibitor from South Australian grapes,

DIVISION H.—HORTICULTURE.
Crass LVII.
Conservatories and Horticultural Apparatus.

ALCOCK & CO., 1382 Russell Street,
Melbourne.—Twelve Garden Seats.

McEWAN, JAMES, & CO., Elizabeth
Street, Melbourne.—Three Rustic Gardea
Seats, One Rustic Garden Table, all of Colonial

Cuass LVIII.
Species of Plants and Examples of Culture.

FLATOW, MRS. JOSEPH, 45 Made-
ne Street, Carlton, Meibourne,

GUILFOYLE, W. R., F.L.S., Direc-
r, Melbourne Botanic Gardens.—-Col-
ion of Victcrian Grasses from the Port
hillip district. :

KIDSON, ADELE MARTE, 2 Park
prrace, St. Kilda.—Australian and New
baland Ferns, pressed, dried, and mounted on
rdboard in album, all botanically named.

MUELLER, BARON F. VON, M. &
h.D., K.C.M.G., F.R.S., Government
otanist, Botanical Museum, Mel-
urne.—(1) A Todea-Fern (Osmunda bar-
a, Thunberg), weighing approximately
00 Ibs. (2) Group of young Fan-Palms of
ppsland.

ROBERTSON, FRANK, 21 Eliza-
bth Street, Melbourne.—Dried Orna-
pntal Grasses, Ferns, and Everlasting Flowers.

ROYAL COMMISSION FOR VIC-
ORIA AT THE COLONIAL AND
NDIAN EXHIBITION, LONDON,
B86.—Fern Gully, representing a common
ature of a Victorian forest.

STIRLING, JAMES, Survey Office,
meo.—T wo Volumes Dried Plants.
WATSON, EMILY MARY, Hdwards’

oathouse, Albert Park. — Picture of
essed Ferns,

Cuass LIX.

Seeds and Saplings of Forest Trees.
sGUILFOYLE, W. R., F.L.S., & C.M.,
oyal Botanic Society, London (Direc-
r, Melbourne Botanic Gardens).—
stralian Carpological Collection, specially pre-
red for the Colonial and Indian Exhibition,
Sndon, from the Melbourne Botanic Gardens.

I.— MINING INDUS.

TRIES, MACHINERY, AND
PRODUCTS.
Crass LX.

Mining and Metallurgy.

AUSTRALIAN LITHOFRACTEUR
O., Isimited (THE), 31 Little Collins
mreet Kast, Melbourne (T. TOLLEY
PNES, Manager).—Models of Dynamite
d Lithofracteur Cartridges, and Drawings
various methods of using the same in
hing, submarine, and other operations.

BAND OF HOPE AND ALBION
DNSOLS, No Liability (R. M. SER-
LANT, Manager), Skipton Street, Bal-
at,—Working Model of Mining Machinery,

Victoria,

201

comprising three steam engines, winding and

pumping gears, safety cages, pumps, working
model of quartz-crushing battery with forty
head of stampers, stone breaker, amalgamating
apparatus, &c.

CAMPBELL, W., late, M.L.C., of
Victoria.—First speck of gold, discovered in
Victoria by W. Campbell’s party in 1849, on
the site of the Port Phillip gold mine at Clunes.

CAMPBELL, W., late, M.L.C., of
Victoria.—Gold in Quartz, from Campbell’s
Creek, found early in 1851.

JOHNSON & CO., Tyne Foundry,
Yarra Bank, Melbourne. — Rock-borin
Machine, with hose coupling, pole clip, an
connexions complete.

MINING DEPARTMENT OF VIC-
TORIA (C. W. LANGTREE, Secretary
for Mines).—Collection of thirty-eight Fac-
similes of Large Nuggets of Gold found in
Victoria.

MURCH, WILLIAM HENRY,
**Ramneoe,” Burwood Road, Hawthorn.
—Plans and Specifications of Rotary Engine.

Crass LXI.
Mining and Metallurgy.
[The arrangement of the various specimens in
this department has been carried out under
the personal superintendence of I’. W. Rudler,

Esq., of the Museum of Practical Geology,
Jermyn Street, S.W.]

BAND OF HOPE AND ALBION
CONSOLS COMPANY, No Liability,
Ballarat (R. M. SERJEANT, Manager).
Blocks of Auriferous Quartz, samples in various
stages of treatment.

BANK OF AUSTRALASIA (THS),
Melbourne. — Alluvial and Retorted Gold,
obtained from celebrated Australian mines.

COLLIER, JENKIN, “ Rockleigh,”
George Street East, Melbourne.—Block
of Auriferous Quartz, weighing 8 cwt., taken
from the reef, at a depth of 1000 ft., in Mr. J. B.
Watson’s Kentish Claim, Sandhurst. The
stone yields about 2 oz. of gold to the ton.

CROSS, ANDREW WILSON,
Herald Office, Albert Strset, Dayles-
ford.—Collection of Minerals, Petrified Wood,
&e.

FINCHAM, GEORGE, Organ
Builder, Bridge Road, Richmond, Mel-
bourne.—Sheet of Spotted Metal, for organ
pipes, made out of Australian Metal.

HORWOOD, JOHN WILLIAM,
Castlemaine Bell Foundry, Castle-
maine.—One 33-inch Diameter Church Bell,
with cast-iron gudgeon and metal wheel, and
improved suspension bolt and crown

202

KITCHINGMAN, EDWIN L., 270
Wellington Street, Collingwood. —
Mineral Ores, containing gold, silver, copper,
arsenic, sulphur, and iron, from mines at
Bethagana, near Wodonga.

MAFFRA SHIRE COUNCIL (THE)
(GEORGE THOMAS JONES, Secre-
tary), Maffra, North Gippsland.—Possil
Wood, from the Tertiary drifts, Glonmaggie,
North Gippsland.

MANNING, CHARLES, Rushworth.
—Auriferous Quartz.

MOE COAL CO. (THE), Moe, Gipps-
land.—Large Block of Coal.

NOLAN, LUKE, Park Street West.
Brunswick.—Samples of Victorian Clays,
suitable for pottery and tile-making.

PAGE, GEORGE H., Bridport Street,
Daylesford. — Patent Improved Lever Car-
riage-lifting Jack.

PENAL AND GAOLS DEPART-
MENT OF VICTORIA (WILLIAM
GORE BRETT, Inspector-General).—
Useful and Ornamental Tinware.

PORT PHILLIP AND COLONIAL
Co. (THE), Clunes (R. H. BLAND,
Manager).—Auriferous Quartz.

QUEEN’S BIRTHDAY QUARTZ
CO. (THE), Dunolly (WALTER T.
HANSFORD, Manager).—Auriferous
Quartz Specimens, Cubical Pyrites, Quartz
Crystals.

ROWE, HE. W. H., Fryerstown. —
Auriferous Quartz Specimens, Crystals, &c.,
of rare form and beauty, obtained at various levels
from the mines of Rowe Bros., at Fryerstown.

SCARLETT, WILLIAM, Mirboo,
Gippsland. — Large Block of Coal from
Mirboo.

STIRLING, JAMES, Survey Office,
Omeo, Gippsland.—Geological Collection
(rocks of the Australian Alps).

STERRY, D. C., THE HON., M.1.C.,
Sandhurst.—Specimen of Rich Gold-bearing
Quartz, from the Lady Barkly Gold Mine
Sandhurst.

TECHNOLOGICAL MUSEUM
ae Melbourne (J. COSMO NEW-
ERY, C.M.G., Director).—Illustrations

Victoria,

of the Clays and other substances foun;
Victoria, suitable for the manufacture of pot
and porcelain, with manufactured illustrati

LONG TUNNEL GOLD MINT
CO., Registered (THE), Walhs
North Gippsland (RAMSAY THo
SON, Manager). — Tiophy, represen
column of gold, rock minerals, &c., obtained {
the Long Tunnel Gold Mine, Walhalla,

MINING DEPARTMENT OF y
TORIA (THE) (CHARLES W. LAN
TREE, Secretary for Mines; R. A)
MURRAY, F.G.S., Government Ge¢
gist).—(1) Geological Collection, includ
about 800 specimens of the character
rock formations of Victoria, with fossils,’
Mineral Collection, including about 400 s
inens illustrative of the different mine
found in Victoria. (8) Economic Colle
including large and conspicuous specimen
the mineral products of Victoria posees
economic value, or likely to become of ¢
mercial importance, viz:—ores of gold
silver, tin, lead, copper, entimony, iron, may
nese, coal, lignite, infusorial earth, build
stones, &ce. (4) Collection of Cores, obtait
during boring with the diamond drills,
Collections of Fac-similes of Nuggets of 6
found in Victoria.

NEW CHUM AND VICTORIA 6
(THE), Sandhurst (W. W. BARKE
Manager, Albion Chambers, Sag
hurst).—Auriferous Quartz.

WHITE, THOMAS, Manag
Granya Pyrites Works.—Ores and ?
ducts.

SCHOOL OF MINES (exhibited
THE), Ballarat.—Specimens of Rocks
Minerals, collected in Western Victoria
adjacent localities. After exhibition, to
presented to the Museum of the Geologi
Survey of Great Britain, London.

DEPARTMENT OF MINES (TH
(CHARLES W. LANGTREE, &
tary; REGINALD A. H. MURR
Government Geologist).—Geological @
lection. Specimens of rocks, &c.

The whic of the decorations of the Viet
Cuurt have been carried out by Messrs. &
& Co., of 406 Oxford Street, London, W.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, Loncon.
Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, hy Appointment to Her Majesi :

GOLD KEYLESS QUARTER REPEATER, in massive 18-carat case, half-chronomt

jewelled, movement repeating the hours and quarters,

Perfectly accurate and reliable.

£30 to £50.

GOLD KEYLESS MINUTE REPEATER; of tho most perfect finish and style, jewe
throughout, of the highest quality. Repeating the hours, quarters, and minutes. Half-chronometer move
A most useful, reliable and valuable Watch. £45, £55, £85, £75,

Advertisements. 203

BURGON & BALL'S

CELEBRATED
HEEP SHEARS,
ial °V*
BB

AWARDED SIX MEDALS.

Aun - BRIDGE, SHEFFIELD.

204 Advertisements.

PRICES PATENT CANDLE CO., Limtrt

LONDON AND LIVERPOOL.
THE LARGEST GANDLEMAKERS IN THE WORLD

GOLD MEDAL PALMITINE, BELMONT SPERM, & other CANDLE
Night Lights, Soaps.
LUBRICATING and CLOTH OILS.
PURE GLYCERINE for MEDICINAL PURPOSE

Works:
BATTERSEA, LONDON,
AND

BROMBORO’ POOL, BIRKENHEAD,

( 205 )

SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

i aim of this preface is to give to the British public, ina concise manner, some information
necting one of England’s great Antipodean Coionies. The importance of the Australian
lements is apparent to anyone who has visited them, or who from a distauce has had occasion
make himself acquainted with their advancement in national wealth, or to contemplate their
nense natural resources—which at present are only in the infancy of development. The vast
portion of the British public, however, know little of Australia—the * Greater Britain” of
Southern seas—and it is hoped that the Handbook distributed by the South Australian
mmission will be helpful in disseminating practical information of service to all who are
srested in the triumphs of British colonisation, but particularly to those who may contemplate
emoval from the crowded populations of the United Kingdom to the attractive fields
sented by Britain’s Colonies. It will not be the privilege of the writer to draw upon a
1 historic past for the story he has to tell, There may be open to uim no daring
litary achievements to invest his story with the glory of national renown; there may
no venerable institutions or relics, with inspirations of reverence and wonaer; and
re may be no magnificent literature to command the attention or awaken the interest
the student and the scholar. Scarcely fifty years have passed since South Australia was
belaimed a British Colony, and yet the record of this half-century is full of interest to all
o care to note the advancement of the Anglo-Saxon stock. The. bold enterprise, the indomitable
ck, the dogged perseverance, and the love of freedom, which form such striking characteristics
the Fnglish race, have been called into full operation in the peaceful subjugation of
meval wastes to the service of man and their rapid transformation into a hive of human
Miustry. Few pages in the history of British colonisation are fuller of interest than those which
Hord the establishment and growth of these countries in the Southern Hemisphere, that are
Bvuely known in Europe under the generic name of “ Australia.” The story of how a handful
Britons have, within the cycle of a century, founded countries that are rivalling Old World
tions in wealth and power and in the elegances of advanced civilisation is instructive and
spiriting. It speaks of the vigour and genius of the old stock re-asserting itself in the younger
rength and ardent effort of the offshoots ; and it shows how the same characteristics of courage,
gacity, perseverance, industry, and prudence, which have made England what she is, are
erating in the development of these daughter-nations under the Southern Cross. In. these
ges special attention will be drawn to one of the seven Colonies that form the Australasian
ssessions of Great Britain—The Province of South Australia.

In the year 1831, Captain Sturt—one of the earliest Australian explorers—discovered the
eat River Murray, which runs down into South Australia, and empties itself into the Southern
ean; and, on his return to Sydney, gave a glowing report of the fertile country he had seen
a distance, but was unable to explore. In the early part of the same year a few gentlemen
et in London to discuss the propriety of founding, on the southern shores of Australia, a Colony
pon »rinciples which at that time were advanced principles of Political Economy. The
omoters opened up negotiations with the Imperial Government, but were not successful, and
he project fell through. ‘he matter was not, however, allowed to slumber very long. In 1834

hat time a scheme of colonisation propounded by Mr. Edward Gibbon Wakefield was attracting
tention. That gentleman, thoughtfully observing the course of events in the other Australian
olonies, had come to the conclusion that land without the operation of capital and labour was
seless, He sought to give a fixed price to land; to provide that land should only be sold, and
ot disposed of by free grants; and to apply the proceeds of waste lands to the cost of importing

i

y Sy eee

206 South Australia.

onesie ch deiciemiensciseetigebeiniin ki erinnabginelanis passa
labour from the crowded cities and towns of the United Kingdom. These principles commen;
themselves to the promoters, who in 1834 secured the passing of an Act by the Impe
Legislature authorising the Sovereign to erect one or more provinces in that part of Aust:
lying between the 132nd and 141st meridians of east longitude, and between the Southern cx
and the 26th degree of sonth latitude. To the persons who should reside within the said provi
or provinces was accorded freedom of action—they were not to be subject to the law or constitu
of any other part of Australia; and furthermore it was provided—and the sagacity of
originators in this respect is worthy of mention—that no criminals shoald at any time or wid
any circumstances be transported to any place within the limits described. The curse
eanvictism therefore has never attached itself to the Province of Soath Australia.
The first Commissioners appointed under the Act were eight in number—viz., Colonel Torre
F.R.S. (Chairman), ard Messrs, W. A. Mackinnon, M.P., Jacob Montefiore, W. Hutt, M,
Geo. Palmer, Jun., Johu Wright, Geo. Fife Angas, and Samuel Mills. Only one of th
Commissioners survives, and it is an interesting circumstance that this survivor—Mr. Jac
Montefiore—is one of the Hon. Commissioners for South Australia at the Colonial and
Exhibition in London in 1886. To him—in his advanced age—it must be a source of dal
gratification that he has been spared to see a Colony, in the inception of which he took a del
personal interest, qualified to honourably take her position among the colonies of Britain in {
interesting and important Exhibition before referred to.
The project of colonisation, however, almost proved aburtive. The Imperial Act provid
that a sum of £35,000 must be raised before the powers given under the Act could be exercise
and the scheme hung fire. Just then, however, the late Mr. George Fife Angas, who was on
the Commissioners, came to the rescue. He formed an association known as “The Sou
Australian Company,” and resigning his commissionership, he assumed the chairmanship of ¢
company. This company subscribed the balance of capital required, and the scheme of colonis
proceeded. The late Sir James Hurtle Fisher was appointed Resident Commissioner in {
Colony, and the lata Colonel Light was sent out, as first Surveyor-General, to choose a site
the capital, and push on the survey of the land for settlers. In August, 1836, Colonel Lig
arrived at Kangaroo Island, and thence he proceeded to the mainland east of St. Vincent's Gu
where he commenced his work, and selected the present site of the capital—Adelaide. Int
following December the first Governor of South Australia-—Captain Hindmarsh, R.N.—arrivs
and took possession of the land in the name of the Sovereign of England, on the 28th Decem!x
1836, the anniversary of which day is always closely kept as a public holiday.
Since the proclamation of the Province South Australia has witnessed mary changes
fortune, but through all her vicissitudes she has made substantial advancement. Some of
other Colonies have attained wealth and importance by the discovery of rich goldfields,
development of which has enormously increased their resources, besides attracting — as f
other discoveries have the power of doing —a large and able-bodied population from
distance. These resources of wealth and population, springing from adventitious circumstance
have made the progress of some of the other Australian provinces quite phenomezal in i
character. The advancement of South Australia, on the other hand, has been achieved
patience, endurance, industry, and enterprise. Although rich goldiields have not been discovere!
gold is found in many parts of the Colony, and the many productive copper mines have
out great minerai wealth. Indeed, on more than one occasion South Australia has made onwa
progress, due to the rich yields of copper from the far-famed Kapunda, Burra Burra, Moont
Wallaroo, and other mines.
South Australia is, with the single exception of Western Australia, the largest in area of ili
Australian Colonies, and it stretches across the whole island continent from south to north.
southern shores are washed by the Southern Ocean, whilst the waters of the Indian Ocean lay
its northern coasts. It touches all the mainland Colonies of Australia, beipg contiguous to N
South Wales, Victoria and Queensland on the east, aud is bounded on the west by the extensi
Colony of Western Australia, extending from lat. 88° to 26°, between the 129th and 141st met
dian of east long., and from lat. 26° to the northern coast, between the 129th and 139th meridiaz
Running right up through the centre of Australia, it: covers an area extending from latitude 3
to latitude 11°, and from the 129th to the 141st meridians of east longitude. Twice since t
establishment of the Colony its limits have been extended. In 1861, a strip of land between

South Australia. 207

ndaries of South and Western Australia, south of lat. 26°, was detached from New South
eg and annexed to South Australia by the Imperial Legislature; and in 1863, after the
snturous journey of the gallant explorer, John McDonall Stuart, across the heart of the

ian continent, the northern boundary of the colony, which was originally the 26th parallel
titude, was shifted to the northern coast line, thus bringing within her borders the large
now known as “ The Northern Territory.”

The area of South Australia (including the Northern Territory) is 578,361,600 acres, an area

h affords “ample scope and verge enough” for an extensive population. At the present
» (January, 1886) 10,642,963 acres have been alienated; the remainder being available for
icultural, pastoral, and mineral settlement.

The area of mineral land, or land held under mineral lease, is comparatively small ; so that,
ghly speaking, the whole province may be divided into country of two classes—agricultural
pastoral land. Of the alienated land, a very large proportion is devoted to agriculture,
iculture, viticulture, market gardening, and like purposes, whilst the balance is used almost
usively for raising sheep and cattle. The liberalisation of the land laws, some years ago,
e an enormous stimulus to agricultural settlement, so that the area now under wheat is

Mnensely larger than it was,

The following information is from the Statistical Register for 1884, the latest official record.
The increase of population during the year was, by births 7058, by immigration 1208,
cing the total number on the 31st of December 312,781 persons, composed of 164,877 males, and
904 females. In 1875 the population was 210,442, and in 1880 it was 267,573. During the
r 1884, 356 foreigners obtained letters of naturalisation, and thereby became British subjects ;
hese 44 were Russians, 136 Germans, 114 Chinese, and the others made up of various nation-
ties. The proportion of births per thousand of the population was 37:69, the proportion of

iages 9°40 per thousand, and the proportion of deaths 15°24 per thousand.

The area of land alienated from the Crown in 1884 was 10,767,605 acres. In 1875 it was
le over 6,000,000 acres. ‘The area under cultivation was, in 1875, 1,444,586 acres; in 1884,
85,490 acres. The area of land enclosed in 1875, 20,286,007 acres; in 1884, 53,444,411 acres.
p production of wheat, the principal crop, was in 1875, 10,739,834 bushels; in 1884, 14,621,755
hels, In 1884 there were in the Colony—horses, 162,420; horned cattle, 889,726; sheep,
96,406; goats, 8159; pigs, 165,807; poultry, 927,909. ‘The shipment of wool amounted in
d to the value of £2,066,227; in 1884 to £2,618,626, The shipment of minerals amounted in
5 to £762,386, in 1884 to £491,950. “he production of wine in 1884 was 473,535 gallons.

The value of imports amounted in 1875 to £4,203,802; in 1884, £5,749,353. The value of
poris amounted in 1875 to £4,805,050; in 1884, £6,623,704. The proportion of imports from

@ United Kingdom in 1884 was £2,983,296, the balance being from other places. The combined
port and export trade of the Colony ‘vas in 1875, £9,008,851; in 1884, £12,373,057.

The arrivals of shipping were in 1884—British, 768,301 tons; foreign, 141,034 tons; total,
p,335 tons. The number of veesels belonging to Port Adelaide were—in 1875, steamers, 75,
nage, 7443; sailing vessels, 212, tonnage, 24,948. In 1884, steamers, 88, tonnage, 10,665;
ling vessels, 220, tonnage, 27,931.

In 1875 the general revenue of the Colony amounted to £1,143,312; in 1880 it was
027,963, and in 1884 it amounted to £2,024,928. The expenditure in 1884 upon public works
8 £2,163,149; a large proportion was provided from loan funds. The amounts expended by
rporations and District Councils was £114,537. The receipts from Government railways were
ring 1884, £424,416,

The number of churches or chapels existing in 1884 was 928; the number of sittings pro-
ued, 200,128; the number of Sunday-schools was 727; teachers, 6729; scholars, 57,311.

The number of public schools in 1884 was 227; scholars, 42,758; persons employed in
ching, 1000. Cost of department, exclusive of expenditure on buildings, £76,879. In addition
these there are 287 private schools with 11,296 scholars. There are over 112 country institutes,
hich have libraries attached to them containing an aggregate of 98,688 volumes.

In the year 1884 there were 1035 miles of railway open for traffic. The total xumber of
sengers conveyed since they havo been open is 34,194,692.

ai ag oh
A EO aS aT eee

208 . Advertisements.

JOHN DICKINSON & CO. Lima

65 OLD BAILEY, LONDON;
AND 7 NEW CHINA BAZAR STREET, CALCUTT
Manufacturers for INDIA and the COLONIES

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION OF

MACHINE-MADE PRINTINGS AND WRITINGS
PLATE AND LITHO PAPERS,
HAND-MADE WRITINGS AND PRINTINGS, TINTED WRITING

CARTRIDGE AND BLOTTING PAPERS, SURFACE AND ENAMEL PAPERS,

CARDS AND CARDBOARDS, BOXED STATIONERY, NOTE PAPERS
AND ENVELOPES.

South Australia.

GROUP IL—WORKS OF ART.
Cuass 1,
‘Oil Paintings,

. BENHAM, MISS ANNIE M.,
ders Street, North Adelaide,—(1)
am Lilies, with old jug and fruit. (2) Fruit-

Reco—Pomegranate, &e. (3) Sturt Pea.

2, BOARD OF GOVERNORS, Pub-
¢ Library, Museum, and Art Gallery.
Oil Paintings by E. Gouldsmith, iy Morn-
g Scene on the Onkaparinga. (2) Marine
ew, Port Adelaide.

3. DAVENPORT, SiR 8., Beaumont.
Dil Painting by R. H. Shaw: “ Preparing for
Yorrobboree.” (In the bushman’s hut.)

JAGOE, R., Semaphore.—Painting
Fish caught at Kangaroo Island; very rare ;
pposed to be of Wrasse species.

5 MILLER, MRS. K. ST. BARBE,
paumont.—(1) Morning View on Onkapa-
esa. (2) Evening View on Onkaparinga.

§. SMART, MRS. R. K., Norwood.—

l Painting, “ Eagle Hawk.”

7; WOODHOUSE, HERBERT J.,
arrie Street, Adelaide.—Two Oil Paiut-
8. ROWAN, MRS., London.—Paiating

South Australian Flora, Lent by the Ex-
bitor to the South ‘Australian Commission.

». STRAWBRIDGE, MRS.—Drawings
the flora of Kangaroo Island, 8.A.

Crass 2.
Water Colours and Drawings.

. BROAD, ALFRED SCOTT, Han-
n Street, Adelaide.—Water Colour Paint-

COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
USTRATIA.—(1) View of Adelaide from
feau near western end of Strangways Ter-
t, North Adelaide, looking south-e-st. (2)
w of King William Street, Adelaide (the
hcipal street of the city), looking north.

and in New REG

Loxpon: HENRY FROWDE,

209

3 DAVENPORT, SIR 8. — Drawings
illustrative of the Anatomy of the Grape.

ESAM, ARTHUR. — Two Sketches.

« Nustralian Coaching” We

Tor mee. W. G. P.— Illuminated
Address.

6. SELLS, REV. A., M.A., Mitcham.
—Twenty-four Water-Colour Sketches of Sonth
Australian Scenery.

7. E. T., M.P., Marryatville.
—*Group of South Australian Flowers,” by
Miss Fiveash.

Cass 3.
Sculpture, Statuary, Artistic Modelling.

1. COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
AUSTRALIA.—(1) Plaster cast of Mulla-
way fishes. (2) Plaster cast of South Australian
fishes (painted, natural tints, by A. Saupe). (3)
Wax models of Fruits grown in South Australia
(made by Mrs. Gray, Melbourne Street, North
Adelaide). (4) Plaster Casts of Merino Ran,
and one double profile cast of same.

2. KENNEDY, Noar-
lunga.—Carving on slate by a self-taught
workman, “ Old England and the New.”

3 SAUPE, AUGUST, Adelaide.—( 1)
Bust of Sir W. F. D. Jervois, G.C.M.G., O.B.,
ex-Governor of South Australia. (2) Medal-
lion of the Hon. Sir Henry Ayers, K.C.M.G.,
President Legislative Council. ‘ (8) Medallion
of late Rev. James Way, Bible Christian Minis-
ter. (4) Medallion of Dr. Way. (5) Medallion
of the late Dr. Charles Gosse. (6) Hoh-relief
copy of Thorwaldsen’s “John the Baptist preach-
ing in the Wilderness.”

Ciass 4.

Photographs.

1. ANDERSON, GEORGE, Engineer
and Manager of South Australian Gas-
Works.—Photographs of the Company’s Gas
works at Brompton, and other towns.

2. ANGAS, JOHN HOWARD, Col-
i e, Angaston.—(1) Photographs of
Stock bred at Hill River Station. (2) P!--~to-
graph of Prize Ram “Hercules,” for yo.
1,150 guineas was paid by Exhibitor,

EGANT PRESENTS in every Style and Description of LEATHER BINDINGS,

ord Prayer Books, wis or wiowe HYMNS, A, and Wf

really splendid finish of the Oxford Bindings, added to the well-known ouperiortey of the Oxford printed books, places
Specimens of taste and ingenuity much above the ordinary standard of Pr: Imm bj

AT ALI BOOKSELLERS’.
Oxford University Press Warehouse, Amen Corner, E.O.

sentation Prayer Books.’’—Zookseller,.

P

210
3. BROWN, H. Y. L., ¥.U.8., Govern-
ment Geologist, Adelaide.—(1) Photo-

grapha illustrative of Geological features of
outh Australia, (2) Photographs illustrating
traces 0° “lacial action at Hallett’s Cave,

& COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
AUSTRALIA, —(1) Opal pictures (by J.
Hammer, Rundle Street), Se «aera natural
size fruits grown in the colony. (2) Photo-
graphs representing fruit and flower trees grown
in South Australia These are shown in the
handsome photograph stand designed by Mr, E.
J. Woods, Architect-in-Chief. (3) Albums of
photographs (by Cap‘ain Sweet) of scenes in
South Australia; pubs.c works and buildings,
rivate residences (interiors and exteriors), &c.
4)Album of photographs (taken by the Govern-
ment Printing Department) of public works and
buildings, &c.

5. DUNCAN & FRASER, Franklin
Street, Adelaide.—Photographs of Railway
Carriages, ‘Tramcars, Carriages, and other
vehicles made by Exhibitors.

6. FOELSCHE, PAUL, Palmerston,
Northern Territory.—Set Views of Northern
Territory Scenery.

7. GEORGE & WALTON, Rundle
Street, Adelaide.—(1) Six Frames of Photo-

pbs of celebrities. (2) Stand (Cleopatra-
needle shape) with miscellaneous portraits.

8. KRICHAUFTF, F.C., Norwood.—
Photographs of South Australian scenery, prin-
cipally Views on the River Murray,

9. LINDSAY, R., Carron Iron Works,
Port, Adelaide, — Photographs of 20-h.p.
compound-surface condensing engines made in
the colony by Exhibitor for the Marine Board of
South Australia.

10. PRINCE, GEORGE, Mitchain.—
Frame containing four Photographs of Mitcham
(by Captain Sweet).

11. SCHOMBURGK, DR., Director
of Botanic Gardens, Adelaide.—Views of
Botanio Gardens (taken by Captain Sweet).

12. SOUTH AUSTRALIAN CHAM-
BER OF MANUFACTURES (INCOR-
PORATED), Adelaide.—Photographs of
various Industrial Exhibitions held in con-
nection with the Chamber.

South Australia.

13. STOTT, J. W., Alma,—(1) Ph
graphs of Stump-jumping Ploughs and §
fiera made by Exhibitor—the original mak
(2) Photographs of Implements used in 86
Australian husbandry,

14. SWEET, MRS. 8. W., Arcade, Ai
laide. — Six Frames, each containing
Mounted Photographs.

15. SUTHERLAND, GEORGE, 4
gas Street, Adelaide. — Engravings
Prints produced by the new process of ¢
photography, invented by Exhibitor.

16. TODD, CHARLES, C.M.G., Po
master General, and Superinten¢
of Telegraphs.—Photographs of Gone
Post Office.

17, WARREN, GEORGE, Sp
Mount Crawford.—-Photographs of co
in interior of Australia, and Photographs
country in District of Barossa,

18% SCOTT, H. J., Norwood, 8,4
Photographs of Mob of Camels imported
Exhibitor.

Cuass 5.
Architectural Drawings and Modeli,

1. ELDER, SIR THOMAS.—Elevati
of Residence at Mount Lofty, about ten mi
from Adelaide, at an elevation of 2,000 ft. ab
sea level,

2. GARLICK, D., & SON, Arcy
tects, Adelaide. — Perspective Views
Buildings erected from designs by Exhibit

WOODS, BE. J., Architect-in-Ch
Adelaide.—Front Elevation of New Pari
ment Buildings, in course of erection in 4
laide, South Australia. Basement of gram
superstructure of marble; both local materi

4. MURRAY, A. J., Morialta Chs
bers, Adelaide. — Perspective View of
Public Building.

. Cuass 6.
Engravings, Lithographs, £¢.

1. SOUTH AUSTRALIAN CH
BER OF MANUFACTURES, Inc
porated, Adelaide. — (1) Tilustration:
Work by J. E. Brown, Esq., F.L.S., Consel
tor of Forests, on “Tree Culture,” Jithograp

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
‘Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment, to Her Majesy

barn a KEYLESS LEVER, in strong crystal glass case, jewelled in 18 actions. A sem

accurate and reliable Watch. £3,

THE “CHEAPSIDE” SILVER KEYLESS 8-PLATE LEVER, in strong crystal §
ever pr

mmole’ 0 18 actions, chronometer balance,

damp and dust tight; the cheapest W

South Australia, 211

the Government Printing Office, Adelaide.
Artist’s Design for Certificate of Merit, and

peosses Cf reproduction by lithography, by J.

.Sherring & Oo, Nine plates in portfolio.

2. SPILLER, E.,Government Printer,
delaide. — Specimens of Lithography,
hromo-lithography, and Photo-lithography.

Crass 7,
Musical and Literary Compositions,

1. ANDREWS, MRS. H. J., North
delaide.—Original Musical Compositions,

BLACKMORE, E. G., Clerk Assis-
nt and Sergeant-at-Arms, House of
ssembly, Adelaide.—Decisions of Right
bn. the Speaker of House of Commons,

3, COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH

USTRALIA. —(1) Handbook of South

istralia, prepared by John Fairfax Conigrave.

) Bibliography of South Australia, prepared
® Thomas Gill, .

;. GIBBS, J. G., North Road.—(1)
ntata, “Princess Alice.” (2) Cantata,
houghts on the Soudan,”

5. GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF
USTRALASIA (South Australi
anch),—Reports of the Society. ,

§. GOVERNMENT GEOLOGIST | ¢

R. H. Y. L. BROWN, F.L.S.). — Re-
3 of Geological Department.

. HAMILTON, ©. W., Protector of
borigines, Adelaide.—(1) South Austra-

BR HARDY, THOMAS, Bankside
heyard, near Adelaide. — Notes on
eyards in America and Europe,

, 8., & SONS, Ruudle
bet, Adelaide. — Musical Compositions
lished by Exhibitors,

0 SCHOMBURGK, R., Ph.D., Di-
tor of Botanic Gardens. — Reports of
anic Garden, Adelaide.

11 WORSNOP, THOMAS, Town
» Adelaide.—(1) History of the City
Adelaide. (2) Guide Book to Adelaide.

rr

Maps, Diagrams, &c.

I. BROWN, H. Y. L., ¥.G.8., Gov-
ernment Geologist.—Mineralogical Map of
South Australia. The coloured discs on the
map are intended to indicate the chief localities
where metals have been discovered and mined :
Gold, yalows copper, vermillion; silver-lead,
blue. The rock formations are indicated on the
map as under:—Post Tertiary and Tertiary, by
® green tint; Cretaceous and Oolitic, by a
brown tint; Silurian and Devonian, by a purple
tint; Silurian Limestone, by a blue tint;
Highly Metamorphie, by a purple tint with red
poe Plutonic, by q pink tint; Voleanic, by a

tint.

2. COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
AUSTRALIA. — Plan of Public School,
Hindmarsh, near Adelaide; drawn in Architect-
in-Chief’s Department.

KS CORPORATION OF THE CITY
OF ADELAIDE.—Photo-lithographed copy
of Cadastral Survey Plans of the City of
Adelaide, compiled from notes of 'Trigonometri-
eal Survey made under the direction of Mr.
Charles W, Smith, A.M.I.C.E., Hydraulic En-
gineer's Department, Adelaide,

. GOYDER, G. W., Surveyor-Gene-
ral, Adelaide.—(1) Map of Adelaide and
Suburis. (2) Map of South Austialia, show-
ing lands alienated and lea-ed, counties, hun-
dreds, railways, telegraphs, lighthouses, jetties,

Cc.

GROUP I1.—EDUCATION AND
INSTRUCTION.

Crass 1.

Scholastic Establishments for Primary, Secon
dary, and Superior Education.

1. HARTLEY, J. A. B.A, B.Sc,
Inspector-General of Schools. — Ap-
pliances, &c., used in. public schools. (1)
Arithmetical Diagrams. (2) Map of South
Australia (large). (8) Map of Australia. (4)
Notation Box. (5) Copies of “Course of In-
struction.” (6) Time-tables. (7) Calendar.
(8) Programme of Lessons. (9) Two seta
Education Gazette.

Cuass 2,

Educational Appliances and Accessories.

1. BRUCE, J. D., Superintendent,
Poonindie Native Institution. — (1)
Three Paintings, in cone frames made by
aboriginals. (2) One Small Cone Cottage. (3)
Cone Brackets. (4) Writing done by natiy.
children. All these are the work of natives
attending the Institution.

P2

:
if

212

2 THREADGOLD, W. J., College
Park.—* The Gospel Ship;” picture being an
allegorical representation of Religion and
paar ' This is intended purely as an
educational object lesson.

GROUP III.—_APPARATUS AND
PROCESSES CONNECTED
WITH THE LIBERAL ARTS.

Crass 1.
Printing and Typography.
1. BASEDOW, EIMER, & CO., Ade-
laide.—The 38th Annual Volume of the
Australische Zeitung, a weekly German news-

paper, published every Wednesday morning,
in Adelaide.

2. BURDEN & BONYTHON, Ade-
laide.—Bonnd copies (for year 1885) of South
Australian Advertiser, South Australian Chro-
nicle, and ihe Express and Telegraph.

3. DAVENPORT, SIR 8., Beaumont:
—(1) “South Australia,” illustrated by George
French Angas. (2) “Ampelographie,” by
Rendu, ¥

4. MOLINEUS, A., Adelaide.— Bound
volumes of Garden and the Field.

5. MURPHY, C. A., Adelaide. — (1.)
Bound volumes of the Lantern, a weekly satirical
newspaper. (2) Collection of Cartoons pub-
lished in the Lantern

6. THOMAS, W. K., & CO.—Bound
volumesot S.A. Register, Adelaide Observer, und
Evening Journal, for 1885.

7. TODD, C., C.M.G., Postmaster-
General and Superintendent of Tele-
graphs.—Reprint of Postage Stamps issued in
South Australia.

8 SPILLER, E., Government Printer,
Adelaide.—Letterpress, Lithography, Photo-
lithography and Chromo-lithography.

Crass 2.
Bookbinding, Ruling, Stationery, &c.

r,. ANDREWS, W. B. T., Registrar-
General, Adelaide.—Set cf Documents and
Deeds illustrative of operations in transfer of
real property, under Real Property Act, known
as ‘lorrens’s Act, an enactment first passed in
South Australia.

BARTON & CO., WINE & SPIRIT MERCHANTS & SHIPPEH
WEST END OFFICES~60, ST. JAMES’ STREET, LONDON, 8.W.

Full Particulars on application.

Shipments made to the Colonies and all

South Australia.

parts
BARTON & C0.'S Bonded Stocks, which include the choicest vintages and selections.

2. SPILLER, E., Government Print
Adelaide.—Account Books and Letterpress,

3. WHILLAS & ORMISTON, Fii
ders Street, Adelaide.—Presentation
dress Case,

Crass 3.
Work in Wood, Engraving, Turnery, Joinery,

1 ADAMS, EDWARD ARTHU
Hindmarsh Square, Adelaide.—Mok
of Cooperage Work, made by Exhibitor.

2 CHAMBERS, A. O., Filinde
Street, Adelaide.—Patent Washing Machi
“The Perfer. Cure.”

3. COMMISSIONIRS FOR SOU
AUSTRALIA.—(1) Specimens of Tum
from indigenous timbers. (2) Photograph 8
designed by Mr. E. J. Woods, Architect
Chief, and made to order by Messrs, McDougal
and Gow, of Adelaide. This piece of furniturg
made from South Australian blackwood
metal brackets are manufactured from 8
Australian copper and Northern Territory
(8) Cereals Stand, mad® by Messrs. MeDoug
and Gow, from South Australian blackwo
(4) Table for wax models of fruit, made
Messrs. Duncan and Fraser, from South 4
tralian blackwood. (5) Tables for exhibits
Government Geologist, made by Messrs. M
and Co, from South Australian blackwo
Northern Territory sandalwood, and milkwo
(6) Wool cases for fleeces, front frames m
from South Australian blackwood and North
Territory milkwood.

4. HALES, HARRY, 58 Currie Stree
Adelaide. —Specimens of Turnery in So
Australian woods—Walking Sticks, Cups, &.

HARVEY, 8., and KING, WI
LIAM, Flinders Street, Adelaide.
Bentwood from Australian timbers.

6. KNAPTON BROS., Hindm
Square, Adelaide.—Specimens of Ture
in Native Woods, Walking Sticks, Cups, £
&e.

4. SCHROEDER, F. W. G., Low
North Adelaide.—One dozen Walking Stic
turned and curved from South Australian bla¢
wood (9 sticks) and olive wood, grown int
colony (3 sticks).

of the world, on lowest Cash Torms, f®

we as
Adelaide.—Patent Propeller Dash

Cuass 4,
ical and Philosophical Instruments.

1 YEATES, HORATIO, Pulteney
ree pomnie (2) Small Induction Coil.
) Improve! form of Magneto-Electric Ma-
zea, one in box and one under shade.

Cass 5,
Maps, Statistical Diagrams, &c.

. BROWN, H.Y.L., F.L.8., Govern-
mnt Geologist, Adelaide.—Map showing
b mineral resources and discoveries of the
ony, coloured.

YDER, G. W., Surveyor-
meral, Adelaide.—(1) Plan showing
slaide, Port Adelaide, and surrounding
ns and villages, railways, tramways, reser-
irs, &e. (2) Gencral Plan of South Australia,
cluding the Northern Territory), showing
d land, pastoral leases, and explorers’ routes,
h descriptions. (8) Map of southern part of
pvince, showing counties, hundreds, railways,
egraphs, lighthouses, jetties, &c.

3 HARTLEY, J. A., BA., B.Sc.,
pector-General of Schools.—Maps and
used in Education Department.

4. JONES, J. W., Conservator of
ater, Adelaide.—Map showing the opera-
ns of Water Department.

ROUP IV.—TEXTILE
FABRICS, CLOTHING, AND
ACCESSORIES.

Crass 1.
Woollen Fabrics,

1 SOUTH AUSTRALIAN
OOLLEN FACTORY, Limited,
bethal,—T weeds.

Oxass 2,
Clothing.

. PARKER & CO., King William
at, Adelaide,—Shirts, Collars, and Cuffs.

Oxass 3.
Silk.
1. CLELAND, DR. W. L., Resident

tical Officer, Parkside Lunatic
ylum.—Silkworm cocoons.

* South Australia. , 513
URNE, T. P., Gilles

Cass 4.
Rope.
1. HARRIS, G. P.,. SCARFE & CO.,
Gawler Piace, Adelaide.—Manilla Rope.
Cass 5.
Jewellery, Watchmaking, &c.

1. BRUNKHORST, A. L., Rundle -

Street, Adelaide.—Silver Goods, Jewellery,
&e.

2. DAVIS, J. W., Rundle Street,
Adelaide.—Silver Goods, Jewellery, &c.

3. LORRAINE, F. J., King William
Street, Adelaide.—Twenty-four-hour Clock,
of special construction.

- WENDT, J. M., Rundle Street,
Adelaide. — Silver Goods, Jewellery, &c.,
Silverware, Emu Egg Ornaments, and Malachite
Ornaments,

GROUP V.—RAW AND
MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS.

Crass 1.
Specimens of Forest Trees,

1. BROWN, J. E., J.P., F.L.8., F.R.G.8.,
Conservator of Forests, Adelaide, —
—- of Indigenous Timbers and Forest

ora.

FORESTRY EXHIBIT OF SOUTH
AUSTRALIA,

BROWN, J. E., F.L.8., J.P., F.R.G.S.,
Conservator of Forests, Adelaide.—A
work upon “The Forest Flora of South
Australia ” is now being published by the Ex-
hibitor in quarterly parts. Each part contains
five plates and corresponding descriptive matter.
All the printing and lithographing in connec-
tion with the book is done in the establishment
of the Government printer, Adelaide. It is
expected that the work, when completed, will
consist of about thirty parts. Of those issued,
plates are shown in frames upon the top of the
trophy.

2. COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
AUSTRALIA. — Myall Wood, turned into
pipes, &c.

3. DUNN, JOHN, Mount Barker.—
Redgum Plank, 15ft. by 3ft. by 24 in.; also
piece of same French polished,

GOVERNMENT RESIDENT
gion. J. L. PARSONS), Palmerston,
orthern Territory.—Herbarium Specimens
of Timbers of Northern Territory, collected by
Maurice Holtze,

Pte 2s y +
RR its Pie eB comes Be i a hte os

Sek

=
<
oat
2
{

214 South Australia. .

5. RAMSAY, J. G., & CO., Mount
Barker.—Blocks . of indigenous Timber—
Blackwood, Redgum, and Sheacak, forming
stand for model of stripping machine.

Crass 2.
Tanning Materials.

1. MOFFLIN & CO., Currie Street,
_ Adelaide.—Mimosa Bark for Tanning.

2 PFLAUM, F., & CO., Blumberg.—
Ground Mimosa Bark.

3. REID, JOHN, & SONS, Hind-
marsh.—Mimosa Bark.

4 TATE, PROFESSOR RALPH,
F.G.8., Adelaide University. — Wattle
Bark, and other illustrations of the industry.

5. WILLIS, H., & CO.—Mimosa Bark.

6. SCRIVEN BROTHERS, Hind-
marsh.—Mimosa Bark.

7. PEACOCK, W., & SONS, Hind-
os Sgr ae rao tanned with Honeysuckle

8 BORROW & HAYCRAFTS. —
Tannin in liquid.

Cuass 3.
Products of Hunting, Shooting, and Fishing, &c.

- _% COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH

AUSTRALIA.—(1) One Leopard Sealskin.
(2) Emu Eggs. (8) Ostrich Eggs. (4)
Native Peach Stones.

2. DAVENPORT, SIR 8., Beaumont.
—Emu skins; tuft of Emu Feathers; tuft of
Eagle Feathers; Lizard Skin; Dingo Skin;
11 Emu Eggs; 2 Ostrich Eggs; Grasstree
Flower Stems; package Sultbush Twigs;
Native Peach Stones (3 varieties); wreath of
Everlasting Flowers from Caroona, Gawler
Ranges; Fossil Leaf of Eucalyptus.

Crass 4,
Aquatic Plants, dv.

HAWEER, HON., G. C., M.P., “The
Briers,” Midindie.—-Collection of Seaweeds
from Encounter Bay, South Australia (in port-
folio), collected and mounted by the Exhibitor.

Crass 5. >:
Wool and Pastoral Products,

1. ANGAS, J. H., Collingrove, 4
gaston.—(1) Merino ram (stuff:*), bred
Hill River Station. (2) Merine ~ <e (stuff
bred on Hill River Station. (8 Merino
(stuffed) bred on Hill River station. ¢

incoln ram (stuffed), bred at Collingn
Station. (5) Lincoln ewe (stuffed), bred
Collingrove Station. (6) Case of Wool Sam;
from Merino and Lincoln sheep. Number
sheep shorn last season,-65,100.

2. ANDERSON, JAMES, Whit
River, Port Lincoln.—One bale of W
and eight Fleeces from Merino rams on Ba
Station. Number of sheep shorn last sea
25,000.

BOWMAN, EDMUND,. Mart
e, Mintaro.—Two bales of Merino
in the Grease, and eight Fleeces from Mei
ewes on Martindale Station. Number of she
shorn last season, 9150,

4 BOWMAN, E. & C. W., Wandills
-—T'wo bales of Merino Wool in the Grease, a
eight Fleeces from Merino ewes on Waniil!
and Mount Bryan Stations. Number of she
shorn last season, 31,900.

5. BRUCE, J. D., Port Lincoln.—0
Fleece from a Merino ewe at Poonindie Nati
Institution. Number of sheep shorn last s
2000.

6. CROZIER, WILLIAM, Adelaid
—Six Fleeces from Merino ewes on Moom
Station. Number of sheep-shorn last seas
62,000.

7. ELDER, SIR THOMAS, Adelaid
(1) Nine Fleeces from Merino ewes on Be

tana Station, 70,000 sheep shorn last seasom

(2) Nine Fleeces from Merino sheep on Cordil
Station, 35,000 sheep shorn last season. (
Nine Fleeces from Mount Lyndurst Static
89,000 sheep shorn last season.

8 HAWKER, HON. G.C., M.P., But
garee.—(1) Eight Merino.Ewes’ Fleeces.
Samples of Wool cut from Stud Rams. (8) Si
Fleeces from Merino ewes, (4) Six Flee
from Merino rams, bred on Bungaree Static
Number of sheep shorn last season, 75,000.

HOWARD & SONS, craina

MAKERS OF ENGLISH PARQUET
OLEVELAND WORKS; and at 25, 26, 27, BERNERS STREET, W

aha

Q

South Australia. 215

9. HOGARTH & WARREN, Mount
wford.—(1) Two bales of scoured Merino
fool, and eight Fleeces Merino Wool from their
ck. (2) Two bales of Merino Wool scoured,
d four Fleeces from Merino sheep on Strang-
ys Springs Station. Number of sheep shorn
t season, 22,000.

o. KEYNES, R. R., Keyneton.—(1)
ight Merino Wool Fleeces. (2) Four Fleeces
mm Merino rams. (8) Four Fleeces from
prino ewes on Keyneton Station. Number of
eep shorn last season, 12,300.

1. MURRAY, HON. A. B., Magill.
(1) Merino ewe (stuffed). (2) Twelve Fleeces
bm Merino ewes on Wirrabara Station. Num-
rof stud sheep shorn by Exhibitor last season,
0.

122, MURRAY, JOHN, Murray Vale,
ount Crawford.—(1) Six Merino Fleeces
bm rams bred on Mount Crawford Station.
mmber of sheep shorn last season, 27,000.
8) Six Merino Fleeces from wethers and ewes
Capedda Station. Number of sheep shora

st season, 27,000.

13 PRICE, MAURICE, Castambul,
par Adelaide.—(1) Eight Angora Fleeces
essed. Market Brand “ Castambul 1st Lustre.”
) Eight Angora Goat Skin Mats. (83) Group
Angora Goats (stuffed).

14. RIDDOCH, JOHN, Yallum, near
enola.—(1) Pure Merino Ram and Ewe
uffed). (2) Two Merino Fleeces. (3) Six
Heeces from Merino rams, bred at Yallum
ation. (4) Six Fleeces from Merino ewes.
umber of sheep shorn last year, 60,000.

15 ROBERTSON, JOHN, Golden
rove.—(1) Two Fleeces from Merino rams.
B) Two Fleeces from Merino ewes, bred on
olden Grove Station. Number of sheep shorn
st season, 2500.

16. ROUNSEVELL, JOHN, Ade-
Case containing samples of
erino Woul taken from sheep ranging in age
om one to four years ; ewes and rams. ()
‘our Fleeces from Merino sheep, bred on the
tation, Corryton Park. Number of sheep shorn
st season, 3000.

17, SALTER, B., Angaston.—(1) Four
eece ure Merino sheep, bred on Mamre

from
bok, Number of sheep shorn last season,
DOO.

1% SANDERS, JAMES, & CO., Ca-
Owie.—(1) Merino Ram, Canowie bred
tuffed); 2 years old; bred by Exhibitors at
owie, 125 miles north of Adelaide; pad-
beked and grass-fed only; 54,000 sheep shorn
Exhibitors last season, and average'weight of
peces, Dibs. 12402. (2) Bales of Merino Wool.
) Eight Merino Fleeces from stud rama, bred
owie Station. Number of sheep shorn

last season, 54,000, and the average weight of
fleeces was 9 lbs. 12} 02%.

19. SEPPELT, B., Seppeltsfield, near
Greenock.—(1) Six pure bred Merino Fleeces
from Seppeltsfield Station, near Greenock, 8. Ai
Number of sheep shorn last seascn, 738.

20. SMITH & SWAN, Fowler’s Bay,’
Adelaide.—(1) Two Merino Ewes’ Fleeces ;
weight, 134 1bs.; two years. (2) Two Fleeces
of pure Merino sheep, bred an Fowler’s Bay
Station. Average number of sheep shorn yearly
is 120,000; and the average weight of fleeces
is 7 lbs. 10 oz.

21. STIRLING, MESSRS. EH. OC. & J.
L., Nalpa, Adelaide.—(1) Bale of Wool.
(2) Right unskirted Fleeces of Merino Wool.
(3) One bale of Merino Wool in the grease.
(4) Eight Fleeces of Merino Sheep, bred on
Nalpa and Highland Valley Stations, (5) One
sample case of Wool specimens. Number of
sheep shorn last season, 9769.

22. DUFFIELD & MAKIN, Adelaide.
—(1) Four Fleeces Merino Wool, from Sheep
bred on Koonoona Station. (2) Two Bales
Merino Wool in the Grease.

23. CLELAND, MRS. J. F., Beau-
mont.—White Kangaroo Skin Muff.

24. ELDER, SIR THOMAS, Birks-
gate, near Adelaide.—Two Camels (stuffed)
bred in South Australia.

25. MALCOLM’S OSTRICH FARM-
ING CO., Limited, Gawler and Port
Augusta.—(1) Ostriches bred in South
Australia. (2) Ostrich Feathers, Eggs, &e.

26. REID, JOHN, & SONS, Hind-
marsh.—Wool Mats.

27. SCHLORK, F. H., & CO., Gawler
Place, Adelaide.—(1) Specimens of South
Australian Wool, dyed in various colours. (2)
Mats, &c., from South Australian wools.

28. WATSON, J. J., Adelaide.-—Ram’s
Head encrusted with Salt. Bones, sticks, and
other articles placed in salt ns in some
portions of the Colony become speedily
encrusted with saline particles, which form
into beautiful crystals similar to the speci-
men.

Ciass 6, ,
Leather, Skins, dura, &c.

1. COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
AUSTRALIA.—(1) Furs and Skins of
Native Animals, and Manufactures therefrom,
including rugs, mats, duchesses, capes, muffs,
caps, &c., made by Mr. 8. Lawrance, Adelaide,
and Mr. H. Lush, Kingston. (2) Stuffed
8, Emus, Wallabies,

Specimens of Kan mus, W
Dingoes, and other Native Animals,

iv

216. South Australia.

2. DOWIE, ALEXANDER, Hind-
marsh.—Leather.

3. GIDDINGS, W. J. P., Norwood,
South Australia. — Flowers made from
Native Birds’ Feathers.

4- REID, JOHN, & SONS, Hind-
marsh.—Leather.

SCHLORK, F. H., & CO., Gawler
ace, Adelaide. —South Australian Ostrich
Feathers, dressed, curled, and dyed.

6. SCRIVEN BROTHERS, Commer-
Soy a eney, Hindmarsh. — Dressing
eather,

7: WILLIS, H., Hindmarsh.—Leather .

8 PEACOCK, W., & SONS, Hind-
marsh.—She»pskins ‘l'anned with Honey-
suckle Bark. ‘

Cass 7.
Vegetable Products.’

GOVERNMENT RESIDENT

HON. J. L. PARSONS), Palmerston,

orthern Territory.—(1) Gum Aruabic.
(2) Gum Acacia.

2. HARDY, ARTHUR, M.P., Mount
Lofty.—Cork “(Quercus . suberosa), grown at
Mount Lofty.

3. MOFFLIN, W., & CO. Currie
Street, Adelaide.—Gums,

Crass 8,
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products.

1 BARTON & OO., Hacknoy, near
Adelaide.—(1) Baking and other Powders.
(2). Brunswick Black.

2. BICKFORD, A. M., & SONS,
Currie Street, Adelaide. —(1) Six dozen
Cough Elixir. (2) Six dozen Sea Spray.

3 BRADDOCK & SONS, Brompton,
near Adelaide.—(1) Samples Printing Inks.
(2) Gold La@gner. (8) Pure Benzole. (4)
Eucalyptus Oil.

4. LOWRY, MICHAEL, Gawler
River.—(1) Annealing Fluid for softening
cast iron. (2) Boiler Fluid, to prevent incrus-
tation on steam boilers (18-gallon cask).

] Megistered Trade Mark jor Lampe, CLARKE’S (New Patent)
oe ‘Fairy’ Lamps and * Fairy’ Lights, |__sm

are made entirely of Glas, ensu absolute
NEVER WEa fal Out when "vurming they fully '¢ pn A their title
The Patent “ sf airy ig, fp Ves rare soft, steady

be Extinguiaber supplied

with every Lamp, and
N.B.—The ieee” Lamps and “ ur Lights ure Patented in Great Britain, France, » Coreasan, Belgium, Ausiria, and the United oon

5 SEPPELT, B., Seppeltsfic,
Greenock.-~—(1) Spirits of Wine, the produ
of South Australian grapes; strength 65+
over proof. (2) Extract of Wattle Flowers,
perfumery purposes.

Crass 9.
Tobacco.

1. ARMBRUSTER & UHLMAN}
Rvradile Street, Adelaide.— Tobacco a
Uigars made in the Colony.

2. DIXSON, ROBERT, & CO., Ligh

Square West, Adelaide. — Manufact ,
Tobaccos.
Cuass 10.
Tallow.

MOFFLIN, W., & CO., Currie §
Adelaide.—Tallow.

Cuass 11.

Portabie Weapons, and Hunting and Shooting
Equipments,

1 BOARD OF GOVERNOR!
PUBLIC ‘LIBRARY, &c.——Native Mi-n
or Wurley, with figures. of aboriginal m
lubra, and piccaninny.

2. COMMISSIONERS FOR SOU
AUSTRALIA.—(1) Figure of Aborigin
in Primitive Canoe, Spearing Fish, mode
from life, by Mr. A. Saupe. (2) Figure @
Aboriginal making Fire by Friction, modell
from lite, by Mr. A. Saupe. (3) Native Basket
and Native Mats. (4) Spears from the Norther
Territory.

_% DAVENPORT, SIR 8., Beaumor
ative Baskets.

4. JONES, J. W., Conservator ¢
Water, Adelaide.—Collection of Natirg
Weapons. (1) 7 boomerangs and 4 spean
from Diamantina, north-east corner of the pr
viuce, (2) 9 boomerangs; 1 shield; 3 slipper
for concealing track ; 1 bag containing chart
&c., used in the rites of circumcision ; 1 pate
of stone ornaments; 1 woomera, for throwi

rs; 3 native bowls, for carrying water fn
Charloite Waters to north-west corner of p
vince,

Registercad Trade Murk for Lights
“FAIRY.”
ow every Light.

eee Grease, They require no Cleaning,
light, "bad a no attention ow lighting. They can in
readily religited

Trade Marks are aleo Registered in all the above
SAMUEL CLARKE, Patent Pyramid and Fairy Lamp and Light Works,
CHILD'S HILL, LONDON; AND NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A,

: Riise

South Australia. 217

5 PROTECTOR OF ABORIGINES,
, de.—Waddies, shield, spear-throwing
ks (woomeras), boomerangs, clubs or swords,
ears, bags or wallets of native hemp, from
ppperamana, Cooper’s Creek, Far North.
§. WILKINSON, W. B., Pirie Street,
delaide.—14 Barbed Spears; 4 Stone-
ed Spears; 4 clubs and 1 woomera, for
rowing spears—weapons made and used by
origines of Northern Territory.

a7, GERRARD, E., Camden Town,
W.—Natural History Scene.

ROUP VI-MACHINERY,
APPARATUS, AND PRO-
CESSES USED IN THE ME-
CHANICAL INDUSTRIES.

CLass 1,
Agricultural Implements,

. COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
USTRALIA.—(1) Seed Sowers used on
uth Australian farms — (a) Mr. A. W.,
pbbie’s; (b) Mr. H. B. Hawke's. (2) Stump-
wping implements used in cultivating rocky
od stumpy land—(a) Scarifier, invented and
mde by Messrs. J. W. Stott & Son, Alma; (b)
mbsoil Plough, made by Mr. 8. Bracegirdle,
thburgh, Yorke’s Peninsula.
2 MARTIN, JAMES, & CO., Limited,
aWler.—One South Australian Stripper.

3 RAMSAY, J. G., & CO., Mount
arker.—Model of Stripper used in South
istralia to reap and thresh crops of wheat,
rley, oats, &c., leaving the straw standing on
@ ground, to be either burned or gathered at
ure,

Cass 2.

Farm Appliances, Accessories, &c.

rt. HODDINOTT, HENRY HER-
ERT, Tea-tree Gully, near Adelaide.
Hatent Self-regulating Incubator to hatch
Y eggs, invented by Exhibitor.

2. ROBERTSON, J., Adelaide.—Col-
tion of Apiarian Appliances made from
tigenous timbers.

Cass 3,
Miscellaneous Machinery and Models.

» GIBBES, WM. KENTON, Victoria
uare, Adelaide. — Bottling Apparatus;
» Patent outside Sto Bottle for acrated
pers, Wine, Spirit, an Bottles.

2. MILLER, JAMES, West Terrace,
Adelaide.—Working Model of Automatic
Apparatus, proposed to be applied to sea-going
vessels, or vessels on rivers or canals, for the
purpose of enabling masters of vessels during
the night to ascertain the course.

Crass 4,
Work in Metals.

1. DOBBIE, A., W., Gawler Place,
Adelaide.—Specimen of Lobby Name-plate
Frame, nickel plated.

2. FULTON, G. E., & CO., Kilkenny,
near Adelaide.—Iron Castings and Patent
Water Meter.

3. GRAY, W. F., & Co., Gawler
Place, Adelaide.—Zinework ventilator, as
used in the Government schools.

4. REVELL, ADAMS, & Co., Free-
man Street, Adelaide.—Iron castings.

Crass 5,
Carriages and Wheelwrights’ Work.

1. BARLOW, THOMAS, & SONS,
Hindmarsh Square, Adelaide. — Small
Wragonetn made chiefly from indigenous
woods,

2. CLARKE BROS., Franklin
Street, Adelaide.—Buggy made from woods
indigenous to South Australia and Northern
Territory; leather and iron also manufactured
in the Colony,

3. RAY, W. H., O’Conneli Street,
North Adelaide.—Carriage made from in-
digenous woods, with patent lug and shaft
attachment, invented by Exhibitor.

Crass 6.
Harness and Saddlery, !
1. COLTON, J., & CO., Currie Street,
Adelaide.—Saddlery.

z. GENERY, W., Rundle Street,
Adelaide.—Camel Saddle, as made for the
use of explorers, surveyors, and others travel-
ling in the interior of South Australia,

Ciass 7,

Railway and Tramway Apparatus,

1 CHAMBER OF MANUFAC.
Incorporated, Adelaide.—Mo-
del of Tramear in use in Adelaide.

218 South Australia,
8 HAY, ARCHIBALD, of “T

-_

Crass 8,

Navigation,
1, FLETCHER, H.C., Port Adelaide.
—(1) Photograph of new graving dock in
course of construction at Port Adelaide. (2)

Photograph of ship Albany being lengthened
on patent slip, the property of the Exhibitor.

Crass 9,
Military Appliances, &c.

1. SIMPSON, A., & SON. — Electric
Contact Mine (Torpedo), with circuit closer,
unloaded; manufactured in Adelaide by tae
Exhibitors,

Crass 10.

Brushware.

1. INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL FOR
THE BLIND, Brougham Place, North
Adelaide.—Brushware and Mats, made by
blind workers.

GROUP VII.—ALIMENTARY
PRODUCTSs.

Crass 1.

Cereals, Farinaceous Products, and Products
derived therefrom.

1 ADELAIDE MILLING & MER-
CANTILE Co., Limited. — Two tons of

flour.

2. ANGAS, J. 1i., Collingrove. -— One
bag Lammas wheat (254 lbs,); one bag purple
straw wheat (266 lbs.); one bag Tuscan wheat
(259 Ib.); one bushel purple straw wheat; one
bushel Scotch wonder wheat, and part bushel
rye; also one bushel Lammas wheat, and one
bushel! Tuscan wheat.

CUSTANCE, PROFESSOR, Agri-
cultural College, Roseworthy. — Cereals
in the straw.

2% DELAND & CO., Hamley Bridge.
ne bag flour (200 Ibs.).

DUNN, J., & CO., Freeman Street,
Adelaide.—Flour and Grain.

6. FINCK, C. H., Greenock. — One

bag flour.
i; GOVERNMENT RESIDENT
J. L. PARSONS), Palmerston,

Garthaen Territory. — (1) Tapi A
Arrowroot, Oh haere co

Glen,” Bremer.—One Bag Wheat, grown
the ‘Bremer, purple straw variety; weig

66 Ibis, 14 ozs,

9. HILFERS, G., & CO., Gawler,
One Bag of Flour (200 lbs.).

10. MALCOLM, WILLIAM, Cy
Street, Adelaide.—Flour.

1z%. McCOLL, A. & J., Richmayz
Sreek.—One Bag of twenty weeks’ Whe

(44 bushels).

12, ROBERTSON, JOHN, Golid

Grove.—(1) Chevalier Barley. (2) Oy

Barley.

Crass 2.

Fatty Substances used as Food, &c.

1. BARNARD, G. L.,. Walkerv
near Adelaide.-—Olive Oil in bottle.

2. CORPORATION OF THE C
OF ADELAIDE.—Olive Oil (5 gals.), p
duced in South Australia, from fruit grown
the City of Adelaide plantations.

3. DAVENPORT, SIR SAMUE

Beaumont, ne

ar Adelaide.—Olive Oil,

e GOVERNMENT RESIDE
(Hon. J. L, PARSONS), Palmersto
Northern Territory. —(1) Peanut, Sesam
Castor and Cotton Oils, (2) One bag Dhol
(3) Ground Nuts, Sesame Seed, prepared |

Maurice Holtze.

Oil.

6. NORTH,
Olive Oil,

5. ROBERTSON, J. Adelaide.—0li

BENJAMIN, Adelaide

Crass 3.

Meat and Fish.

1%. CONRAD, LEOPOLD, Hindle
Street, Adelaide.—(1) Six tierces Come

Beef, each conta:

ining 300 lbs. (2) Fivec

assorted Preserved Meats, each containi

96 lbs. net. (8) Twenty-Four Mutton Hams,

2. KITHER, WM., Rundle Stret
Adelaide.—(1) Hight tierces Beef. (2)
barrels Pork. ,

Oass 4,
Condiments.

1. BARNFIELD, TURNER, & CO®

London Condiment.Works, Hast As

laide.—Pickles,

Sauces, Powders,

Brunswick Black, &c,

‘

e

delaide.—Tomato Sauce, Pickles (assorted),
uees, Culi mees, Condiments, and
jilmen’s Stores.

3 FORBES, ALEXANDER, An-
aston.— Fruits in Preserve, Jams, and
ellies,

4, HANTON, HENRY B., Futarton,
ar Adelaide.—Jams, Jellies, and Marma-
des.

5. MARGETTS, C., Parkside.—Tomato
uce.

6 McHWIN, GEORGE, & SONS,
len Ewin, Teatree Gully.—Assorted

. MURRAY, ALEXANDER, &
INS, Coromandel Valley.—Jams and
plies.

8 ROBERTSON, J., Adelaide.—Condi-
ents, Vinegar, &c.

». SEPPELT, B., Seppeltsfield.—Pure
lite Wine Vinegar, made from South
ustralian Wine.

0. WA VINEGAR CO., West
prrace, Adelaide.--Tomato Sauce, W'or-
ster Sauce, Walnut Pickles, Almond Pickies,
brry Powder, Flour of Mustard, and Vinegar,
anufactured by Exhibitor from South Austra-
in grown seed.

Crass 5.
Wines, Spirits, Beers, and other Beverages.
1. AULD, WM. P., Auldana.—(1) One

Bse Auldana Ruby, No.1; name of vineyard,
} extent 100 acres; colour, ruby ;
aracter, dry, iight; vintage 1871. (2) One
se White, A; colour, amber ; character, light,
Y; vintage, 1873; names of grapes from which
he 1s made, Verdeilho, Palomino, Blanco,
bradilla, and Gouais fermented together.

2 AULDANA VINEYARD PRO-
RLETORS, Auldana (Agents, P. B.
URGOYNE & CO.). — (1) <Auldana
bby, No. 14; name of vineyard, Auldana;
ent 120 acres; colour, ruby; character,
dium dry; vintage, 1883; name of grapes
m which wine is made, Mataro and Shiraz ;

South Australia,
tlt tt etteeenann,
2 BARTON & CO., Hackney, near

219
fron on hand, 20,000 gallons. (2) Auldana
aby, O; colour, ruby ; character, medium, dry;

vintage, 1883; grapes from which wine is made,
Shiraz, Mataro, and Carbinet; quantity on
hand, 80,000 gallons. (3) Raby Cup; colour
ruby; character, full-bodied, sweet; vin
1883; name of grapes from which this wine is
made, Shiraz and taro ; quantity on hand,
15,000 gallons. (4) Auldana Ladies’ Pride
colour, white; character, full-bodied, sweet
vintage, 1883; name of grape from which wine
is made, Grenache. (5) Auldana Cup; coloar,
white ; character, light, dry; vintage, 1883 ;
name of grapes from which wine is made, Ver-
deilho, Doradills, Riesling, and a few Museatels ;
quantity on hand, 10,000 gallons. (6) Auldana
Riesling; colour, white; character, light, dry ;
vintage, 1883 ; name of grape from which wine
is made, Riesling; quantity on hand, 2000
gallons. (7) Auldana Muscatel ; colour, white;
character, light, dry; vintage, 1883; name of
grape from which wine is made, Muscatel;
quantity on hand, 2000 gallons.

3 DAVENPORT, SIR SAMUEL,
Beaumont, near Adelaide.—(1) Sauterne;
name of vineyard, Beaumont; extent, 25 acres;
colour, white; character, light; vintage, 1883;
name of grapefrom which wine is made, Sercial.
(2) Dry Sauterne Wine; quantity on hand, 100
gallons; other particulars as above. (3) Chateau
Beaumont Wine; colour, red; character, full-
bodied, sweet ; vintage, 1871; name of grapes
from which wine is made, Grenache and Shiraz,
Mataro, and Gouais: quantity on hand, 4000
gallons. (4) Chablis Wine; colour, white;
character, light: vintage 1884; name of grape
from which wine is made, Doradilla; quantity
on hand, 200 dozen and 500 gallons. (8) Shiraz
Wine ; colour, red; character, liqueur; vintage,
1868: name of grape from which this wine is
made, Shiraz. (6) Port Wine; colour, red:
character, full-bodied; vintage, 1883; name of
grape from which wine is made, Grenache;
quantity on hand, 500 gallons. (7) Claret;
colour, red; character, light ; vintage, 1884;
name of grapes from which this wine is made,
Shiraz and Carbinet. (8) Créme d’Alicante
Wine ; colour, red ; character, liqueur; vintage,
1883; name of grape from which this wine is
made, Grenache; (8) Hermitage Wine ; colour,
red; character, full-bodied ; quantity on hand,
1500 gallons. (10) Vin Ordinaire; colour, red ;
character, light; vintage, 1885. (11) Madeira
Wine; colour, white; character, full-bodied;
vintage, 1875; name of grape from which wine
is made, Sercial.

BURGOYNE’S AUSTRALIAN WINES.
Dr. J. THOMPSON, Leamington.—“ The ‘Tintara’ and ‘ Higher-

mbe’ seem to me to be likely to be of use to invalids ; the former

an extremely agreeable wine with great bouquet.
uch pleasure in recommending them.”

I shall have

2

South Australia.

220
4. ELDER, SIR THOMAS, Glen | wine is made, Verdeilho. (6) Shiraz; named
Osmond.—({1) Madeira Wine; name of vine- | vineyard, Bankside; colour, red; chame

yard, Birksgate, Glen Osmond, near Adelaide;
extent of vineyard, 17} acres; colour, white;
character, sweet; vintage, 1882; name of grape
from which wine is made, Madeira. (2) Port
Wine: colour, dark red ; character, full-bodied ;
vintage, 1880 and 1881 blended; names of
Grapes from which wine is made, Shiraz,

taro, Black Portugal, and Caryguane. (3)
Sherry Wine; colour, white; character, full-
bodied, dry; vintage, 1880; names of gra
from which wine is made, Gouais, Verdeilho,
Tokay, and Doradilla. (4) Burgundy Wine ;
colour, dark-red; character, full-bodied dry;
vintage, 1880; name of grape from which wine
is made, Shiraz.

5 GILBERT, WILLIAM, Pewsey

Vale.—,1) Riesling Wine; name of vineyard, | R

Pewsey Vale; extent, 28 acres; colour, white ;
character, light, about 18 per cent.; vintage,
1878 and 1879 ; name of grape from which wine
is made, Riesling ; quantity on hand, 20,000
gallons. (2) Carbinet Wine; colour, red;
, light, about 18 per cent.; vintage,
1879 and 1880; wames of grapes from which
wine is made, Carbinet aad Shiraz ; quantity on
hand, 20,000 gallons.

6. HARDY, THOMAS, Adelaide
(Agents, P. B. BURGOYNE & CO.)—
(1) Oomoo Red; colour, red; character, light ;
vintage, 1882; names of grapes from which this
wine is made, Carbinet and Shiraz ; quantity on
hand, 5000 gallons. (2) Tintara Red; name of
vineyard, Tintara; extent, 500 acres; colour,
red; character, light; vintage, 1884; name of
grape from which this wine is made, Matara;
quantity on hand, 15,000 gallons. (3) Carbinet ;
name of vineyards, Tintara and others; colour,
red; character, light; vintage, 1876; name of
grape from which this wine is made, Carbinet.
(4) Doradilla; name of vineyard, Tintara;
colour, white; character, light; vintage, 1884 ;
name of grape from which this wine is made,
Doradilla; quantity on hand, 5000 gailons.
(5) Riesling; name of vineyard, Wangolere;
colour, white; character, light; vintage, 1882;
name of grape from which this wine is made,
Riesling. (6) Sherry; name of vineyard,
Angaston; colour, white; character, full-
bodied; vintage, 1880; name of grape from
which this wine is made, Sherry. (7) Ver-
deilho; name of vineyard, Bankside; extent,
G0 acres; colour, white; character, sweet;
vintage, 1880; name of grape from which this

ic

sweet; vintage, 1883; name of grape ff
which this wine is made, Shiraz; quantity
hand, 10,000 gallons. (9) Sauvignon B
name of vineyard, Tintara; extent, 500 ac
colour, white; character, full-bodied ; vintag
1883; name of grape from which this wine
made, Sauvignon Blanc. (10) Tintara Re
name of vineyard, Tintara; colour, red; ¢
racter, full-bodied; vintage, 1879; name
grape from which this wine is made, Mat
(11) Port; name of vineyard, Angaston; ¢
tent, 100 acres; colour, red; character, f
bodied; vintage, 1880; name of grape fm
which this wine is made, Shiraz. (12) No
Claret; name of vineyard, Tintara and of
colour, red; character, light; vintage, 188
quantity on hand, 5000 gallons. (18) Tin
ed; name of vineyard, 'Tintara; colour, re
character, light; vintage, 1883; names
grapes from which this wine is made, Mat
and Shiraz; quantity on hand, 10,000 gall
(14) Doradilla; name of vineyard, Tintan!
colour, white; character, light; vintage, 183i
name of grape from which this wine is m
Doradilla; quantity on hand, 5000 gall
(15) Shiraz; name of vineyard, Banksii
colour, red; character, sweet; vintage, 18:
name of grape from which this wine is 1
Shiraz; quaatity on hand, 10,000 gallons.

wh HAY, HON. ALEXANDE
1.C., Linden, near Adeleide.—
Tokay; name of vineyard, Linden; exte
nine acres; colour, white; character, f
bodied; vintage 1878; name of grape fn
which wine is made, Tokay. (2) Linden
kay ; vintage, 1883. (3) Linden Red; vintage
1880; colour, red; character, full - bodie
names of grapes from which this wine is mad
Grenache, Mataro, and Caryguane. (4)
den Claret; vintage, 1884; colour, red; chu
acter, light; names of grapes from which thi
wine’ is made, Grenache, Mataro, and Ca
guane.

8. JACOB, WILLIAM, Mooroore
—1) Riesling Wine; name of vine
Moorooroo; extent, sixty-five acres; colom
white; character, dry; vintage, 1879; name
grape from which wine is made, Riesling. @
Verdeilho Wine; colour, white; characta
sweet ; vintage, 1879; name of grape from wie
wine is made, Verdeilho. (8) Red Wine
colour, red; character, dry; vintage 18%
names of grapes from which wine is m™

BURGOYNE’S AUSTRALIAN WINES.

CAN BE PURCHASED FROM EVERY WINE MERCHA
IN THE KINGDOM.

a “BURGOYNE”

ON EVERY CORK.

binet and Shiraz). (4) One case, containing
» bottles Riesling, 1865; iwo bottles Ries-
1869; two bottles Spanish, 1867; three
ties Carbinet, 1873; two bottles Verdeilho,
3; and one botile Verdeilho, 1869 (special
kortment); the produce of Moorooroo vine-
rd. (“To be submitted to experts to test
sping qualities of the wines.”]

» PENFOLD & CO., Magill, near
oe ete (Agente, ALLT & CO.).—(1)
mtignac Wine; name of vineyard, The
nge; extent, 105 acres; colour, red;
er, full-bodied, sweet; vintages, 1876,

81, and 1882; name of grapes from which
ne is made, Frontignac, Madeira, and
enache ; quantity on hand, 5000 gallons.
) Frontignac Wine; vintages, 1882 and 1883 ;
mes of grapes from which this wine is made,
enache, Madeira, Frontignac, and ‘Temprano ;
autity on hand, 39,000 gallons. (3) Musca-
me; colour, white; chayacter, full - bodied,
eet; vintages, 1881 and 1882; names of
n28 from which wine is made, Muscat and
edro Ximenes ; quantity on hand, 5000
Milons. (4) Muscadine Wine; vintages, 1882,
83, and i884; quantity on hand, 20,000
tllons; of Constantia type. (5) Grange
wney; colour, tawney; character, sweet,
ll-bodied ; vintages, 1870 to 1875; names of
pes from which wine is made, Madeira,
ontignac, and Grenache; quantity on hand,
00 gallons. 6) Port Wine; colour, red;
aracter, full-bodied ; vintages, 1876 to 1878 ;
me of grapes from which wine is made, Gre-
he, Shiraz, and Frontignac; quantity on

nd, 5000 gallons. (7) Constantia Wine;
lour, red; character, full-bodied; vintages,
79 and 1881; name of grapes from which
fis wine ie made, Frontignac and Shiraz;
antity on hand, 10,000 gallons. (8) Con-
Mantia Wine; colour, red; character, full-
died, medium, sweet; vintages, 1882 and
83; names of grapes from which this wine is
de, Frontignac and Shiraz; quantity on
nd, 40,000 gallons. (9) Grenache Wine;
lour, red; character, full-bodied; vintages,
6 to 1881; names of grapes from which this
ne is made, Mataro and Grenache; quantity
hand, 10,000 gallous. (10) Grenache Wine;
niages, 1882 and 1883; quantity on hand,
000 gallons, (11) Carbinet Wine; colour,
i; character, dry ; vintage 1881; names of
pes, Shiraz and Carbinet ; quantity on hand,
000 gallons. (12) Carhinet Wine; vintages
sland 1882; quantity on hand, 2000 gal-
bs. (13) Carbinet Wine; character, dry,

ey an a Pe a Pe re

South Australia. 221

light-bodied ; ge 1882 and 1883 ; quantity
og hand, 20,000 gallons. (14) Riesling Wine;
colour, light white: character, dry, light; vin-
tages, 1882 and 1883; name of grape, iesling ;
uantity on hand, 3000 gallons. (15) Riesling
ine; colour, white; character, light dry;
vintages, 1881 and 1882; name of Frape, Ries-
ling; quantity on hand, 2000 gallons. (16)
Tokay Wine; colour, white; character, -
hodied medium hock: vintages, 1882, 18838, and
1884 ; names of grapes, Tokay, Temprano, and
Pedro Ximenes; quantity on hand, 30,000
gallons. (17) Tokay Wine; colour, white;
character, full-bodied ; vintages, 188). and 1882 ;
names of grades, Tokay, ‘Temprano, and Pedro
Ximenes; quantity on hand, 3000 gallons.
(18) Tokay Wine; colour, white; character,
full-bodied; vintages, 1880 and 1881; names of
grapes, ‘Tokay, Temprano, and Pedro Ximenes ;
quantity on hand, 2000 gallons. (19) Pedro
Ximenes Wine; colour, white; character, full-
bodied, medium dry; vintages, 1882 to 1884 ;
name of grape, Pedro Ximenes; quantity on
hand, 80,000 gallons. (20) Pedro Ximenes
Wine ; vintages, 1881 and 1882; character, dry,
full-bodied; quantity on hand, 2000 gallons,

1o. ROSS, HON. R. D., M.P., Higher-
combe. —(1) Red wine; name of vineyard,
Highercombe; colour, red; character, full-
bodied; vintage, 1862. (2) Sherry; white;
full-bodied; 1866. (8) Frontignac; white;
full-bodied; 1867. (4) Sherry; white; full-
bodied; 1867. (5) Sherry; white; full-bodied ;
1868. (6) Funchal; white; full-bodied ;
1869. (7) Burgundy; red; full-bodied; 1869,
(8) Burgundy; red; full-bodied; 1870. (9)
White; white; light; 1875. (10) Claret;
red; light; 1883. (11) Hermitage; red;
light; 1888. (12) Amber; white; light;
1883. (18) Sherry; white; full-bodied; 1883.

11. SALTER, W., & SON, Angaston.
—(1) Dry Sherry wine; name of vineyard,
Saltram, near Angaston; extent, eighty acres ;
colour, white; character, full-bodied; vintage,
1879; name of grape from which wine is made,
Sherry. (2) Shiraz wine; colour, red; charac-
ter, full-bodied; vintage, principally 1868;
name of grape from which wine is made,
Shiraz; a quantity on hand. (8) Sweet Sherry
wine; colour. white; character, full-bodied ;
vintages, 1876 and 1878; names of grapes from
which wine is made, Sherry and other grapes.
(4) S.A. Port wine; colour, red; character,
full-bodied; vintage, 1879; name of grape
from which wine is made, Shiraz; a quantity on
hand; (5) Shiraz wine; colour, red; character,

ALLT BROS: & CO.,
USTRALIAN AND GENERAL WINE MERCHANTS,

Agents for PENFOLD « Co. and E. W. WRIGHT.

38, NEW BROAD STREET, LONDON, EC.

' Price Lists sent free on Application.

full-bodied, dry; vintage, 1879; name of grape
from which wine is made, Shiraz. (6) Shiraz
wine ; colour, red; character, full-bodied ; vin-
t 1879 and older; name of grape from
which wine is made, Shiraz.

12 SEPPELT, 3B. Seppeltsfield,
Greenock.— (1) Matero; name of vineyard,
Seppeltsfield; colour, red; character, light;
vintage, 1883. (2) Sweet Mataro; colour, red ;
character, full-bodied; vintage, 1883. (3)
Seppeltsfield Red; colour, red; character, full-
bod ; vintage,.1884, (4) Claret; colour,
red; character light; vintage, 1881. (5)
Blanquette; colour, white; character, light,

; vintage, 1882. (6) Seppeltstield White;
colour, white; character, light; vintage, 1882.
(7) Riesling; colour, white; character, light ;
vintage, 1882. (8) Sherry; colour, white;
character, full-bodied, sweet; vintage, 1881.
(8) Port: colour, red; character, full-bodied,
sweet ; vintage, 1882. (10) Froatignae; colour,
white; character, full-bodied, sweet; vintage,
1881.

13) SMITH, 8., & SON, Angaston.—
1) Frontignac wine; name of vineyard,
alumba; colour, white; character, light; vin-
tage, 1882; names of grapes from which wine
is made, Frontignac and other good kinds. (2)
Ruby. wine; colour, ruby; character, sweet;
vintage, 1882; name of grape from which wine
is made, Shiraz. (8) Muscat wine; colour,
white; character, sweet; vintaye, 1882; name
of gr«pe frum which wine is made, Muscatel.
(4) Sherry wine; ovlour, light; character,
light; vintage, 1882. (5) Port wine; colour,
red; character, full; vintage, 1882; name of
grape from which wine is made, Shiraz; quantity
on hand, 10,000 gailons. (6) Port wine; vin-
tage, 1882. (7) Frontignac wiue; vintage,
1882. (8) Ruby wine; vintage, 1882. (9)
Museat wine; vintage, 1882. (10) Sherry
wine; vintage, 1882. (11) Port wine; vintage,

14. WIGG, R. H., & SONS, King
William Street, Adelaide.—(1) S. A. Port;
colour, red;' character, sweet; vintage, 1876 ;
blended wirie. (2) Old Constantia; colour,
red; character, sweet ; vintage, 1868; blended.
(8) Constantia; colour, red; character, sweet ;
vintage, 1877; blended. (4) 8. A. Sherry;
colour, white; character, sweet; vintage, 1876;
blended, (5) Tokay ; colour, white; character,
aweet; vintage, 1878; blended. (6) Fron-
tignac; colour, white; character, swect; vin-
tage, 1878 ; blended.

BURGOYNE’S AUSTRALIAN. WINES.

Memo.—About Nine-tenths of the Australian Wines imported int

South Australia,

a. Wane merit ke eet Tc
& CO.) — (1) Pedro Wine; extent
vineyard, forty acres; colour, straw; ¢
racter, light; vintage, 1882; name of gr,
from which wine is made, Pedro Ximenes,
Frontignac Wine; colour, light-red ; cha
full-bodied, sweet; vintage, 1882; names
grapes from which wine is made, Froutig
and Muscatel. (8) Shiraz Wine ; colour,
character, full-bodied ; vintage, 1882; name
grape from which wine is nade, Shiraz. (

ort Wine; colour, red; character, full-bodig
vintage, 1882; names of grapes from whi
this wine is made, Shiraz and Mataro,
Burgundy Wine; colour, red; character, f
bodied; vintage, 1875; name of grape f
which this wine is made, Shiraz.

16. YOUNG, C. B., Adelaide. tad
Red Wine; namo of vineyard, Kanman
extent, thirty-five acres ; colour, red ; charact
medium; vintage, 1880; names of grapes
which wine is made, Shiraz, Mataro,
Greenache ; quantity on hand, 18,000 gallon

17, BICKFORD, A. M., & SON
Currie Street,—Cordials—Limejuice Conii
Raspberry Balm, Raspberry Vinegar, Git
Brandy, Ginger Wine, Quinine Wine, Stom
Bitters, Orange Bitters, Curacoa, Hop Bitte
Maraschino, and Noyeau,

1% CROWDER & CoO. Frank
Street, Adelaide. — Cordiuls and Aera
Waters.

19 GRAY, GUILDFORD E., Hyd
Sete Brewery, Unley.—Boitled Alo
orter.

20. HALL, GEORGE, & SONS, No
wood, near Adelaide.—(1) Aerated Wate
—Lemonade, Soda-water, Ginger-ale, Sar
parilla, Tonic-water, and Seltzer-water.
Cordiuls—Limejuice Cordial, Raspberry Balng
Ginger Wine, Ginger Brandy, Sarsaparil
Raspberry Vinegar, Peppermint, Cloves, a
Lemon Syrup. (8) Bitters—Orange, Stomst
Tannin Wive, Kent Hop, Fluid Magnesia,

21. PHILLIPSON BROS., Hackney
ee Adelaide. — Ale in bottle, Porter i
tle.

22. ROSS, Hon. R. D., M.P., Higher
combe.—(1) Sparkling Cider, made in May

England pass through the hands of the well-known firm of
P. B. BURGOYNE & CO.

5; bottled in November, 1885. "This sample,
iisown the fruit of one variety of apple, is
cider made in Australasia.
Still Cider, made in May,

ae
85 in October, 1885. Several va-

os of apples were used.

CHAMBERS & BLADES, Dragon
- sry, Adelaide.— Stout, bulk,

Cass 6.

Biscuits.

1 AERATED BREAD CO., Way-|,

ee Street, Adelaide.—Biscuits, Ships’
d, &e.

2 MURRAY, ALEXANDER, &
ONS, Coromandel Valley.—Bisouits,

Crass 7,

Honey.
1 COLEMAN & MAY, Fairfield
piary, Mount Barker.—Extracted Hone
9 Ibs.) ; and eight dozen Section Boxes, eac
b, of Comb Honey.

ROUP VIII.—AGRICULTURE
AND HORTICULTURE.

Cass 1.
Farm and Garden Seeds, &c.

1. DUNN, JOHN, Mount Barker.—
pilection of Native and Exotic Grasses, Her-
ges, and Bushes, grown at Mount Barker,
ntifically classified by Dr. Schomburgk,
ector Botanic Garden, Adelaide.

2 HACKETT, E. & W., Rundle
pet, Adelaide.—Seods and Grasses.

HEYNE, E. B., & CO., Rundle
ree Adelaide.—Collection of Seeds.

SCHOMBURGE, Dr. R., Director
btanic G: Adelaide.—Herbarium
4 vols.) of South Australian Plants.

5 WILLCOX, CHARLES, Way-
outh Street, Adelaide.—sh: oat Wheaten
Y _ Wheaten Chaff, as used for feeding

Crass 2.
Living Plants.

1. SCHOMBURGE, Dr. R., Director
Be.anic Gardens, Adelaide. —(1) Four
Fern Tives (Todea Africana), (2) Two Grass
Trees (Xantorrhza).

Crass 3.
Native Plants, Grasses, Fibrous Plants, &e.

1. BRUCE, J. D., Superintendent
conindie Native Institution, South
Australia.—Collection of Native Grasses.

2. COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
AUSTRALIA. — (1) Grasstrees, &c., for
decoration of native sceue. (2) Five bales of
Porcupine Grass, for testing as a vegetable
fibre suitable for paper manufacture. (38)
Mullett’s Fibre (Lepidosperma), suitable for
paper manufacture.

3 ELDER, SIR THOMAS, Adelaide.
—(1) Fodder Plants (twenty-four varieties),
grown at Cordillo run, South Australia, in
latitude 36° 40’ S., longitude 140° 30' E. (2)
Fodder planis (three varietics), grown at Mount
Lyndhurst, Svuth Australia, latitude 30° 10'S.,
longitude 138° 35° E. (3) Fodder Plants
(five varieties), grown at Beltana, latitude
30° 45’ S., longitude 138° 25' E.

Go RESIDENT
(Hon. J. L. PARSONS), Palmerston,
Northern Territory.—(1) Upland Cotton.
(2) Ramee Rope Fibre. (3) Pineapple Fibre,
prepared by Maurice Holtze.

Crass 4.

Vegetables and Fruit.
rx AULDANA VINEYARD, Pro.
prietors of, Magill, near Adelaide.—
Fresh Fruita in season.
2. COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
AUSTRALIA.—Dessert Raisins.

3 DAVENPORT, ROBERT, Ba-
thunga, near —Apples and
Pear, Walnuts, and Potatoes.

DAVENPORT, LADY, Beaumont,
—Zante Currants and Sultana Raisins.

5 DAVENPORT, SIR SAMUEL.—
Zante Currants, Sultana Raisins.

224

6. GOYDER, G. W., Warrakilla,
Aldgate.—Fresh Fruits in season,
. HAGUE, EDWARD, Truro. —
ed Currants.

8 HARDY, THOMAS, Bankside
Vineyard, Reedbeds.—(1) Dried Fruits.
(2) Fresh Fruits in season.

MURRAY, HON. DAVID, M.L.C.,
Adelaide.—Hops,.

10.0 PASCOE, JOHN F., Korra
Weera, near Adelaide.—Fruits.

II. ROBSON, be B., Elythorp, Hec-
torville.—(1) One cwt. Pudding Raisms. (2)
Half ewt. Sultana Raisins, (3) Eighteen Ibs.
Dessert Raisins. -

12, ROSS, HON. R. D. (Speaker of
House of Assembly), Highercombe.—
Fresh Fruits in Season,

GROUP IX.—MINING INDUS-
TRIES—MACHINERY AND
PRODUCTS.

Cuass 1.

Boring Apparatus, &e.

r, JONES, J. W., Conservator of
Water, Adelaide.—(1) Specimens of bores,
&c., undertaken by the Water Conservation

Department. (2) Map of the Natural Waters
in the Colony.

Cuass 2.

Collections and Specimens of Rocks, Building
Stones, Minerals, Ores, &c.

1. BOARD OF GOVERNOBS, Public
Library, &c.—Collection of Building Stones.

2, BROWN, H. Y. L., Government
Geologist, Adelaide.—Spocimens (in three
cases) of Rocks and Fossils,

3. BUNDEY, WILLIAM, Teatree
Sy, Quarry. —Freestone Pedestal and
umn.

/4) CHAMBER OF MANUFAC.
Adelaide.—(1) Specimens of

Strata upon which the city of Adelaide stands,
obtained from a bore in the Waterworks Yard.
(2) Cubes of South Australian Building Stones.

& COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
AUSTRALIA.—Collection of South Austra-
lian Minerals, prepared for the Commission by.
T. C. Cloud, Esq., A.R.S.M., F.0.8., F.LO.

South Australia.

6. DAVENPORT,
Beaumont.—lIron Ore.

GOVERNMENT RESIDE
Ss . J. L. PARSONS), Palmerst
orthern Territory.—-Specimens of Copp
Ore, from Daly River Mine.

8. HORN, T. 8., Adelaide, —Silvor (
from Eureka Mine, Woodside; taken
100 ft. level. Assays 5} ozs. and 8} ozs. of go
and 15 ozs. silver to the ton of 20 ewt.

9. JANSEN, OLAF, Palmerston,
an Specimens, from various claims, at Yq
Creek.

10 KAPUNDA MARBLE & BUILD
ING COMPANY, Limited.—(1)
Blocks of Light-gray Marble, from Compan
Guserien at Kapunda, (2) One Pillar of B

arble,

1%, KHMPSON, HENRY, Teat
Gully, near Adelaide.—Kaolin,

12 MARTIN, T., Slate Qus
Willunga.—Roofing Slates and Flagging,

13, MOLINEUX, A., Adelaide,

Kaolin,

14. OLIVER, A., Port Victor.—T
Blocks of Granite, forming pedestal,

hE ROPRIBTORS OF ELEANO}
REEF, Pine Crevk, Northern Te
tory.—Sixty-five ozs. Alluvial Gold and Aur
ferous Specimens.

16.8SINGLETON, FRAN

CORBET, Adelaide.—Ore from <Aclair
Silver Mine, situated 30 miles east of Adelaide
taken ‘from depths varying from 60 ft. to 113f
This ore yields the following metals—goli
silver, nickel, lead, zinc, antimony, iron an
sulphur; the yield of silver ranging frou
302 ozs. to 57 ozs. to the ton, and of gold fror
3 ozs. to 13 dwts. to the ton.

17, STIRLING DISTRICT COUN
CIL, Mount Lofty.—Blocks of Freestone.

1% COMMISSIONERS FOR
SOUTH AUSTRALIA.—Tin from Nov
thern Territory, smelted in Adelaide.

19. JANSEN, OLAF, Eleanor Reefs
Pine Creek, Northern Territory.—(lf
Specimens containing 65 ozs. of Fine Alluvia
Gold taken from reef. (2) Quartz Specimens.

20. PARSONS, HON. J. L., Govern
ment Resident, Palmerston, Norther)
Territory. —(1) Specimens of Copper Or
from Daly River Mines. (2) Quartz Sped
mens from various claims at Yam Creek.

21. COOK, T. 8., Town and Count
Bank.—Specimens of Alluvial Gold.

Crass 3, GROUP X.—MISCELLANEOUS.

1. COMMISSIONERS FOR SOUTH
Copper. AUSTRALIA.—(1) Bushman’s Hut, with
furnishings, used in South Australia in pioneer

4 THE ENGLISH & AUSTRA-| settlement. (2) Greas trees, &c., for decoration

COPPER CO., Limited, Port | of native scene.

—Refined ’ ,

.. THE : bao North 7 me 9 Pict ws ;
» 7 Ty oO ‘errace, ——Pictures,

ALEAROO ENA, emit, eo Illustrative of Adelaide in early years. y

Trophy of Refined Copper, made at BANK OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

Company’s Smelting Works, at Wallaroo, Jollection of Tokens coined in Adelaide in
ke’s Peninsula. 1852,

3
;
i,

WILLIAM BROWN & CO.

Wholesale Manufacturing

Erport Stationers, &c.,
38-40 St. Mary Axe, and 40-41 Old Broad Street

LONDON, E.C.

Colonial and Foreign Indents carefully executed

(227)

QUEENSLAND.

Ix December last, the Colony of Queensland completed her twenty-sixth year; and, as was tho
ase with Victoria, this, the latest-born of the Australian group, was named after Her Most
fracious Majesty. The scattered 25,000 British subjects who were thus constituted as a separate
olony at the close of 1859, had assigned to them 668,224 square miles (427,663,360 acres) of then
most unknown territory, an area about five-and-a-half times the size of the United Kingdom;
nd im the subsequent twenty-six years the population has growr up to 325,000, or to thirteen times
hat it was a quarter of a century ago. Even as it is, the population of Queensland is not one-
enth that of London. But then, the herds of cattle and the flocks of sheep she already possesses
vould serve to feed two Londons easily ; and from Queensland sheep, wool is now-a-days clipped
» the weight of some 50,000,000 Ibs. annually, worth about one-half the entire wool clip of the
Jnited Kingdom. Queensland is no longer the string of isolated settlements, surrounded by an
mpeopled wilderness, sho w.s in 1860. It is true that the Government have as yet parted
ith the fee simple of only about 11,500,000 acres out of the above 427,663,360 ; but a further
316,000,000 acres have been leased as sheep and cattle runs; and thus it is that the Colony is no
onger lying idle in any direction. If the people are scanty, the Colony is in possession of
»250,000 cattle (a considerably larger total than is in the possession of all the other Australian
plonies put together) and of 9,300,000 sheep; while the horses number 253,116. Here’ of itself
here is occupation for a large and rapidly increasing population. When Queensland was
stablished in 1860, her population was less than one-third that of Tasmania, and only one-fifth
hat of South Australia; but though both these other Australian Colonies have grown steadily,
Queensland has now passed them. It will he shown that (Queensland possesses other exceptional
ourees of wealth besides her cattle and sheep runs; and the development of her resources in this
ast territory has resulted in a great and increasing flow of British eapital and labour into the
olony. But labour in the Old Country has not the means of conveying itself to the New; and so
he Government and inhabitants of the Colony have together expended about £3,000,000 (including
11,065,000 in the past four years) in assisting the working classes to the Colony. In fact,
Queensland at the present time assists a larger number of emigrants from Great Britain than all .
he rest of Australasia put together,
Yet not so very many years ago it was thought that much of this north-east quarter of
ustralia was unsuitable for European settlement. The present town of Rockhampton has been
puilt just within the Tropic of Capricorn ; and whereas at no point does Queensland extend so
much as 400 miles to the southward of this tropic, Cape York, the most northerly point of the
bolony, is more than £00 miles within it, and a good deal of the low-lying land is tropical in the
haracter of its vegetation. But a short distance inland there are long ranges of mountains, often
etching down to the coast, and attaining an elevation at times of 6000 ft.; and it is largely
wing to the proximity of this elevated country that the winter may almost be described as
bracing, with oftentimes sharp frosts at night. The summer may be regarded as the rainy season,
specially within the tropics, and is naturally hot; but Queensland possesses this advantage over
outhern Australia, that even in winter the vegetation is not altogether arrested; while a northerly
ind in summer will render both Adelaide and Melbourne hotter than Brisbane is. At Brisbane
tie average temperature is 70°, the maximum temperature in 1884 being 102°, and the minimum 40°,
compared with 105°6°, and 80°2° in Melbourne, and with 110° and 35° in Adelaide. The sea
wes in summer also tend to keep the coast without excessive heat; and though to the west of
ne Mountain ranges a higher range of temperature is experienced, it is not hotter than in the
tstern areas ef New South Wales. It may here be remarked that after about 200 miles from the
tern coast, the rivers are either found to flow north-west into the Gulf of Carpentaria, or south-
est into the Darling River, or into Central South Australia. With the exception of the Murray,
f may be said that most of the longest and finest rivers in Australia take their rise in Queensland ;
nd not a few of them, like the Fitzroy, Brisbane, Burdekin, Mitchell, Gilbert, Norman, Flindera,

Q 2

228 Queensland.

and Leichhardt rivers, are situated wholly in Queensland. With regard to the Darling, it may
said that its navigation depends almost entirely upon the rainfall in Southern Queensland. 4
along the east coast of tropical Queensland at a varying distance, but seldom many miles frog
shore, there stretches the Great Barrier Reef, interspersed with numberless coral islets, and th;
the force of the waves from the Pacific is broken. The entire eastern coast line is most pictureaqy
with a succession of islands, bold headlands and harbours, and with the lofty ranges of the ms
seldom out of sight. But in strong contrast with this is the coast-line of the Gulf of
which is everywhere flat, and for some distance inland unattractive and often swampy.

It is said that every kind of temperate and tropical product can be grown in Queens!
Upon the Downs, wheat, oats, and barley flourish, and are grown for hay and green-food for cati
as well as for grain. But a decidedly larger area is devoted to maize, from which an aver
crop of about 25 bushels per acre is obtained. Both English and sweet potatoes are cultivat
the growth and make of sugar is now represented by upwards of 40,000 tons manufactured; th
arrowroot grown in 1884 was 574,768 Ibs.; and tobacco, coffee, cotton, oranges, peaches, gray
pine-apples, bananas, and English fruit are also cultivated. The fruit it has been found impossi
to bring for exhibition here, but sugar is extensively shown; and it will be seen it bears compari
with the products of the West Indies and the Mauritius. So also are coffee, tobacco, rice, wh
and flour, arrowroot, and cassava. Then, too, there is Queensland rum, preparations from Quee
land Eucalypti, and hundreds of exhibits of Queensland timbers, some manufactured, oth
varnished, and others yet again in the rough. These will serve in a measure to show the numer
descriptions of vegetable products raised in Queensland. They ulready give employment to
considerable population, and the agricultural resources of the Colony will in time be gre
extended.

But no reference has yet been made to the Queensland mines. These are of altogell™
exceptional richness, and have yet to be developed. The mineral collections shown by t
Government, as well as by private enterprise, are of a very complete character. Gold ores a
quartz cf all descriptions, silver and silver-lead ores, coal, tin, copper, manganese, chrome i
ore, plumbago, stone from Queensland quarries, and clay and shale are all of them represente

and there is no section of the Australian continent so rich in regard to miterals as Queensland
Thus, as regards gold :-—

APCD tar

a fs Gold obtained. Average per ton.
Tons. ozs. ozs. dwts, grs.
Queensland ° . 148,552 259, 254 1 lt 2l
Victoria , ; 876,692 432,997 0 9 21
New South Weles 52,759 32,979 0 14 10
New Zealand (1880)*. 98, 460 84,184 917 12

This is sufficient to show that the richness of the Queensland quartz is far in excess of
in the other Colonies; and it may be mentioned that, in all, some 600 or 700 tons of Que
gold quartz have been sent home for exhibition, either in the Queensland Court, or for crush
and treating by the gold-reduction machinery. The Charters, Towers, and Gympie gold fe
save now been connected with the coast by railway, end the extensions in progress will bri
further large extent of auriferous country within access of the port. Quite as important are
sanctioned railway extensions to the great tin and silver deposits at Herberton, and to the cop
mines of Cloncurry. It is the opinion of the Government geologist that the Cloncurry
lodes are the richest yet discovered in Australia, if not in the world; but a railway of 230
is requisite to connect them with the gulf of Carpentaria, and as yet the Colony places but
copper in the market. In 1883 the value wos £30,872, and it was less in 1884, works b
practically at a standstill until railway communications are in a more advanced state.

* These are the latest official returns published.

Queensland. 229

ound in more accessible localities, and the yield in 1884 was 3,383 tons, the value being set down
£130,460 at the place of production. At the port of shipment, however, it was £228,457, and
ye addition fairly indicates the importance of improved communications. The value of the galena
ver-lead) raised in 1884 was £35,327; and this description of mining enterprise is also destined
gely to extend, as the ores are very rich in silver. As yet, the quantities of antimony and
anganese worked are not large; but the coal mines of Queensland in 1884 yielded 120,727 tons,
nd this is a description of mining to which it is impossible to assign limits. At present almost
he whole of this coal is raised in the Ipswich district, whence there is direct railway communica-
om with Brisbane; but there is good coal at Maryborough and at other places, specimens of
hich are now being exhibited here. In this particular New South Wales and Queensland are
laced at a considerable advantage over the rest of Australia, in which coal is wanting. A good
al of building stone is now being raised from Queensland quarries, including bluestone, free-
lone, and some marble. It may be safely asserted that the world is destined to hear a great deal
ore of Queensland mining enterprise, possessing as she does all the most important known metals
nd minerals in great abundance.
Public works, including railways, telegraphs, roads and bridges, harbour and river improve-
yents, and reservoirs for securing water supply during dry seasons, have been pressed forward
ws rapidly as is consistent with the influx of labour and capital. It has been pointed out that the
hovernment debt of Queensland now averaging £60 per head is as high, measured in this way, as
hat of any country in the world, and a great deal higher than that of the mother country. But
his is an altogether misleading statement, for the debt of Queensland has been incurred, almost
e whole of it, upon reproductive works, and in fulfilling the duties of the ground landlord ;
pnd the effect of this upon the revenue is shown in the following figures :—

Revenue per head in 1884-5,

From services ren+ Together,
From Taxation. wae con Often, Rents,
Telegraphs, &c.).
Zea ad. £2 8 d. bi nh. boties wee
Queensland e 812 7 38 4 3 118 9 | 815 7
United Kingdom . 218 07 38 ot oe

The debt, in fact, is incurred with the direct object of increasing the contributions to revenue,
nd at the same time opening up a territory of 1200 miles long by $0 miles broad to the outer
orld. In Queensland there is not the same tendency to concentrate «+ one centre as there is at
ydney, Melbourne, and Adelaide; consequently along the large extent of coast line (2250 miles),

ere are a number of important ports—-Brisbane, Rockhampton, Townsville, Maryborough, Port
Douglas, Mackay, Thursday Island, Cooktown, Bundaberg, Cairns, Gladstone, and Normanton (on
he Gulf of Carpentaria), being the twelve principal, and ranking about in the order named. The
sent population of Brisbane approaches 50,000; that of Rockhampton is about 12,000; Mary-
prough, 11,000; Townsville, 10,000; Ipswich, about 8000; and Toowoomba, 6000. ‘The
auling exports are wool, gold, sugar, tin, hidee and skins, pearl-shell, tallow, live-stock, preserved
eat, béche-de-mer, and silver ore; while the imports mainly consist of British manufactures,
he total value of the external trade of Queensland imports and exports, which in 1860 was
1,267,500, has now risen until in 1884 it reached £11,055,840.

At the present time there are 1407 miles of railway in operation in the Colony, and a further
bnsiderable mileage under construction ; there are 11,636 miles of telegraph «ire—which is more
ian in any other Australasian Colony, except New South Wales; there are 425 State schools,
th 1161 teachers; the banking deposits to the 30th September, 1885, wore £6,915,763, apart
fom the £1,340,255 in the hands of the Government savings banks at the end of the year. These
® statistics of a miscellaneous character, but they all testify to the growth and vigour of his
buthful Colony.

230 Advertisements.

Established 1852. SeLemenpets ARArE HEY GUITE Address—“ ORIGINAL, Mancheste,”

JOHN CAMERON,

Inventer and Maker of the Origina “Cameron” Pump.

ALL OTHERS ARE SPURIOUS IMITATIONS,

These Pumps are used for feeding boilers of all kinds, both
land and marine, also in Chemical Works, Collieries, Mines, Brick
Works, Water Works, Iron Works, &c.; also Fire Pumps for
Mills, &c. Over 20,000 in use. ade in sizes from 2é{nch to
20-inch Rams. Special Quotations for High Pressure Pumps

Also Patentee and Maker of the celebrated Cam and Lever
Punching and Shearing Machine which bas been
universally adopted in all the Decks and sa Yards both at home
and abroad. Also
other Shipbuilders’
Tools, Plate Bend-
ing Rol!s to take in
Plates from 7 to 21
fet long; Plate
Planing Machines
to take in Plates
from 10 to 22 feet
long; Horizontal
Punching, Shear-
ing, and Angle ¥ qf ( yi
Sutting Machines. * A's Yanni
dar Cutting and AND”
Plate Sheariug Ma- y
chines,

FOR PRICE LISTS, &c., ADDRESS —

JOHN CAMERON,

OLDFIELD ROAD IRON WORKS, SALFORD, — a a4

——~

Agent for London and District-PRICE & BELSHAM, 52, Queen Victoria St., E.C.

ing to want o, it is not —- to
gin full — ra here of all the Exhibits,

these will be i in the Colony’s
separate Catalogue.

GROUP I—FINE ARTS.

Ciass 1.

Paintings and Drawings.

1, ALLOM, W. J., Charters Towers.
“ Bowen, Port Denison.” Oil painting.

2. AUSTIN, WILLIAM, Brisbane.—
) “Brisbane from the North.’’ Water-colour.
) “ Arrival of First Gold-Escort at Me!bourne,
2.” Water-colour.

8, CLARKE, JOSEPH A., Brisbane
rchids (1) Stenocarpus sinuatus. (2) Den-
ium bigibbum. (3) Dendrobium Dalhousi-
(4) Nepenthes Bernaysiti.

4, DE. (18, HERBERT, Brisbane.—
natomica, Study from. Plaster Cast.”

5. EWART, WILLIAM, Brisbane.—-
ortrait of the Hon. Samuel Walker Griffith,
A. Q.C., Premier of Queensland.”

6. JENNER, WALTER, Brisbane.
1) “8.8. ‘ Roma’ entering Sebassa Channel
r the eruption of Krakatoa.” (2). “8.8.
ma’ off the remains of Krakatoa, steering

7. MILLS, THOMAS, Charters
lowers.—(1) “ Charters Towers Gold Field.”
il painting by W. J. Allom,

8. SAMWELI:, WILLIAM, Gold
arden, Etheridge. — Nine Water-colour
“ow Jepnenenting views on the Etheridge
old Field,

Crass 2.
Sculptures, Die-Sinking, and Embossing.

Crass 3.
Architectural Drawings and Models.

9 CLARKE, J. J., Brisbane.—(1)
ublic Offices, Brisbane. (2) New Town Hall,
risbane Geenioted design) (3) Interior of
rand Hall, New Town » Brisbane.

Brisbane Newspaper Com-
. Treasury Buildings,
bane, @) Girls’ Grammar School, and
pils’ Residence, Brisbane. (4) Head Master's
dence, Boys’ Grammar School, Brisbane.
A bvlidings, corner of Queen Street and

Street, Brisbane. (6) City Brewery,
Street, Brisbane.

231
Bris-

11. HO HENRY,
bane.—Design for a Villa Residence.

lla, PUBLIC WORKS and MINES
DEPARTMENT, Brisbane. —(1) The
Immigration vente, Brisbane. (2) Immigra-
tion Depét, Rockhampton. (3) Court House,
Rockhampton. (4) Court House, Mackay. (5)
Court House, Warwick. (6) Hospital Mary-
borough.

12, STANLEY, F. D. G., Brisbane.—
* Queensland National Bank,” Brisbane.

Cuass 4,
Engravings, Lithographs, &e.

Crass 5.

Photographs.
18. BANCROFT, THOMAS I,

M.D., Geraldton.—“ Geraldton and John-
stone River.”

14, BERNAYS, LEWIS ADOL-
PHUS, F.L.8., Brisbane. — “Brisbane
Water Reservoir, Gold Creek,”

Views of a “ Cobb’s Coach.”

16. CRAN, ROBERT & CO., Bunda-
berg.—* Millaquin Sugar Refinery.”

17. FRIEND, HENRY, Sen., Glad-
stone.—Eleven Views of Gladstone.

18. LETHEM, H. W., & SOUTH-
Surveyor’s Camp.”

19. LOMER, A,, & Cco., Brisbans.—
Views of Brisbane and District,

20: QUEENSLAND COMMIS.

District.”

(7) “Darlin
Downs.” )

(9

“ Lake's Creek Meat sree Stank (18)

Gold Mines.”
(30) “Rockhampton and_ District.” ev
“Roma and District.” (22) “Squatting Life
on the Darling Downs.” (28) “Toowoomba
and District.” (24) “ Yeppoon.”

y

21. RICARDO, PERCY R., Bris-
bane.—Brisbane in 1858, 1862, and 1885.

23. SUTTON, J. W., & Cco., En-

eers, Brisbane.—Views of the Exhibitors’

orks and Machinery, Ships, &c., constructed
by them.

23. TUCKER, Rev. W. F., Bowen.—
Views of Bowen.
Crass 6.
Works of Art, not otherwise specified.

24, ADDISON, E. L., Manse, Bunda-
berg.—Cushicns.

25. ALTERIETH, MISS, Mackay.—
Basket, made from seeds gathered from trees,

shrubs, and beans, growing in the Mackay
District.

26. DE JERSEY, MADAME, Bris-

bane.—Flowers made of Burrumundi Fish
Scales and Shells.

GROUP II.—_EDUCATION.

Cass 7.

liances, Models of Schooia,
‘urniture, and Boolss,

Educational A
School

Crass 8.
Maps, Charts, and Plans.

27. McKELLAR, J. A, Brisbane,.—
Map of Brisbanc.

28. POST AND TELEGRAPH DE-
PARTMENT, Brisbane.—Map showing
Postal and Telegraph routes.

29. PUBLIC LANDS DEPART-
MENT, Brisbane.—Map of Queensland, in
six sheets. Edition 1885. Scale: 16 miles to
the inch. Four other Maps showing Agri-

‘ cultural, Pastoral, Geological, and Mineral

areas, &c.

30. PUBLIC WORKS AND MINES
DEPARMENT, Brisbane.—({1) Map of
Day Dawn P.C., and Day Dawn Block Gold
Mines, Charters Towers. (2) Map of Charters
Towers, showing total yields from principal
Mining Leases. (3) Map of Gympie Gold
Field, showing tota ? Soma from principal Min-
ing Leases. (4) p of Ravenswood Gold
Field, showing total yields of principal Mining

31. RAILWAY DEPARTMENT,
Railway Map of Queefisland.

82. SIRCOM, J., Georgetown.—Map
the Etheridge Gold Field.

383. THORPE, JAMES, Brisbane,
Meteorological Map of Queensland.

Crass 9.
Specimens of work done by pupils in school,

34-45, BRISBANE.—Two hundred y
sixty-two Exhibits,

46. BOWEN.—Sixteen Exhibits.

47 & 48. CHARTERS TO
Twenty-six Exhibits.

49. GLADSTONE.—Seven Exhibits.

60-52. GYMPIE.—.-Fifty Exhibits.

53-58, IPSWICH.—Fifty-seven Exhibi

59 & 60. MACKAY.—Twenty-four
hibits.

61 & 62, MARYBOROUGH.—Eigh
Exhibits.

63 & 64. ROCKHAMPTON,—Twen
two Exhibits.

65 & 66. TOOWOOMBA. — Ten
hibits.

67 & 68. TOWNSVILLE. — Twa
eight Exhibits.

89. WARWICK.—PFourtcen Exhibits,

GROUP III.—STATISTICS.
Crass 10.
Statistical Information of every Descriptio.

70. ARCKIBALD, JOHN, Rav
wood.—Statistics of the Ravenswood 6
Field.

71. McARTHUR, AJ.EXAND
GipdatonercrFitetiatioe of the Gladstone
Field.

72. POST AND TELEGRAPH
eit ae T.—Comparative Statistica, |
and 1885.

73. QUBENSILAND CO
SIONERS, Brisbane.—Sheet of
Statistics of Queensland.

4, SAMWELL, WILLIAM, George-
yn. — Treatiso on the Etheridge Gold

eld.

ROUP IV. — APPLICATION
AND APPARATUS OF THE
LIBERAL ARTS.

Crass 12,
Printing, Bookbinding, &c.

15. BLACKMAN, F. A., Brisbane.—
) “Adventures in Queensland.” (2) “Ronald
alton.”

76. GORDON & GOTCH, Brisbane.
1) Bailey’s “Fern World.” (2) Mrs.
poto’s “Poems.” (3) “ Pugh’s Almanac.”
) “Geography of Oceania.” (5) “Slater's
Imanac.” (68) Coote’s “ History of Queens-
ad,” vol. i.

277. HOCKINGS, ALBERT JOHN,
sbane.—(1) Queensland Garden Manual,
™) “Flower Garden in Queensland.”

778. QUEENSLAND COMMIS-
TONERS, Brisbane. — (1) Bailey's
Synopsis of the Queensland Flora.” {(2)
ailey’s “Supplement to the Synopsis of the
ueensland Flora.” (3) Bailey’s “ Catalogue
Planta in the two Metropolitan Gardens.”
t) Bernays’ “Cultural Industries.” (5)
oyd’s “Old Colonials.” (6) “ Brisbane
Directory.” (7) Branton Stephens’ “ Poems.”
B) Donovan’s “Catalogue of the Queensland
arliamentary Library.” (8) Gregory’s
xplorations. (10) Kerr’s “Outlines of
mustralian History.” (11) “Queensland: its
Resources and Institutions” (a series of descrip-
ve Essays oa the Colony).

79. REGISTRAR OF BRANDS,
prisbane.—Two “Brands Directories for
ueensland, for 1884.’

80. WOODCOCK & POWEIL, Bris-
ane.—Specimens of Printing.

: 81. THOMPSON, J. W., Brisbane.—
The Land Question.”

pd develop practical business frum Colonial Exbibits.
The rooms are well
Colonial Exhibitors or

Queensland.

Cuass 14,
Scientific Information,

82. FISHER, HENRY EDWIN,
Brisbane.—Universal (mean time) Sun-dial
or Settler’s Clock ; wiil, when correctly set and
kept properly regulated according to the equa-
tion of time, show the mean time, wi a
fraction of a minute, at all seasons of the
yoar.

READING ROOM.

The Reading Room will be supplied with
ia of the following newspapers and period-
icals :—

Allora Guardian, Border Post and Stannum
Miner (Stanthorpe), Brisbane Courier,
berg aud Mount Perry Mail, Bundaberg Star,
Cairns Chronicle, Cairns Post, Capricornian
(Rockhampton), Carpentaria Times oro
ton), Charleville Times, Christian ger
(Brisbane), Colonist (Maryborough), Cooktown
Courier, Cooktown Iudependeat, Cunnamulla
Express, Dalby Herald, Darling Downs Gazette
(Toowoomba), Evangelical Standard (Bris-
bane), Gladstone Observer, Gympie Miner,
Gympie Times, Herberton Advertiser, Hugh-
enden Ensign, Ipswich Advocate, Journal of
Commerce (Brisbane), Logan Witness (Been-
leigh), Mackay Mercury, Mackay Standard,
Maryborough Chronicle, Mecrning Bulletin
(Rockhampton), Nord Australische Zeitung
(Brisbane), Northern Argus pton)
Northern Miner (Charters Towers), Northern
Standard (Tov ‘«ville), North Rockhampton
Times, Observer (Brisbane), Palmer Chronicle
(Maytown), Planter and Farmer (Brisbane),
Peak Downs Telegram, Port Denison Times,
Port Douglas Chronicle, Port Douglas Times,
Queenslander (Brisbane), Queensland Figaro
(Brisbane), Queensland Good Templar (Bris-
bane), Queensland Leader (Brisbane), Queens-
land Mercantile Gazette (Brisbane), Queens-
land Times (Ipswich), Ravenswood Mining
Journal, Roma Free Press, Sandgate Directory,
Southern World (Brisbans), St. George Stan-
dard, Telegraph (Brisbane), Tem
Record (Brisbane), Toowoomba Chronicle,
Towers Herald (Charters Towers), Townsville
Bulletin, Townsville Herald, Warwick Argus,
Warwick Examiner and Times, Week (Bris-
bane), Western Champion (Blackall), Western
Star (oma) Wide Bay and Burnett News
(Maryborc’), Wild River Times (Herberton),
Winton Herald.

0 ALL COLONIAL AND FOREIGN VISITORS.

m’ In connection with this Exhibition, CITY COLONIAL ROOMS are thrown open (gratis) at Leadenhall

C. (corner of Leadenhall Street and Gracechurch Street), for business appointments for receiving letters; for the
vate exhibition of Minerals, Precious Stones, yes, Woods, Fibres, Shells,
#6 are erected, and for niroductions between Colonials, Merchants, Brokers, Manufacturers and Syndicates to open

}) at Buildings,

kins, Feathers, &e., for which iarge Show

ted with every business requisite, and all the En and Colonial Newspapers.
isitors desiring practical betbiteas results are ae poy

Mr. F. J. BIGGS, Leadenhall Buildings, E.C.

communicate with the Proprictor—

284 Queensland.

GROUP V.—SANITARY.
Crass 15.
Drugs and Medicine.

838. BANCROFT, JOSEPH, M.D
Brisbane.—Pepper Vine; Queensland Sassa-
fras; Sweet Bark; Taj "Bark; F ses of
Duboisia Hopwoodit ; ; Extract of E ythroaxylon
australe, a powerfnl astringent; Extract of
Alstonia constricta; Bitter Bark, used as a
strong tonic; Duboisine, Alkaloid, used in eye
diseases ; Extract of of Siderozylon laurifolium, a
aweet astringent, used in diarrhcea.

84.CLARKE, DAVID, Mary-
borough. — Eucalyptus, Alstonia constricta
— Fever-tree), and Toilet prepara-
tions,

85. INGHAM, THOMAS, Rock-
hampton.—Extract of Euphorbia pilulifera.
The plant when dried and smoked ia an auti-
asthmatique.

86.Q UBENSLAND COM.
MISSIONERS, Brisbane.—(1) Duboisia
Hopwoodii, used by the blacks like tobacco as
a stimulant or excitant before battle. (2)
Duboisia myoporoides. (8) Alstoria constricta
(Fever-bark). (4) Kamala.

GEORGE, J.,

87. WICKHAM,
South Toolburra.—Kangaroo Sinews, applic-
able as Sutures in surgical operations.

GROUP VI—FURNITURE.
Crass 19.
Furniture, ay pe and Household

88. COOKE, WILLIAM DANIEL,

Engineer, Railway.—
Inlaid Table of 78 8 of Woods indi-
genous to Queenslan
89. F & SONS,

JAMES,
borough.—Red Ceda: Door, polished.
(2) White Cedar Door, varnished.
Crass 21,

Hardware, Cutlery, &c,
$0. PENAL ESTAB

LISHMENT, 8
Helena, Moreton Bay.—32 exhibits in tin

and galvanised iron ware.

Ciass 26.

Ornamental Worl: in Gold, Silver, and of
met

91. EDGAR, W. J.G., Rockhamp
—Silver mounted “Emu Egg” Inkstanc

922..QUEENSLAND CO
MISSIONERS, Brisbane.—Emu &
mounted.

GROUP VII.—FABRICS,CLC
ING, TOILET REQUISITES, &

Crass 27.

Wool Fakrics.
93. QUEENSLAND WOOLLE
MANUFACTURING CO., mit

Ipswich.—(1) Tweeds, five patterns.
Indigo Serge. (8) Blankets.

Crass 28.
Fancy Work.

Crass 29.

Apparel, Haberdashery.
94. PENAL ESTABLISHMENT, §
Helena, Moreton ty re amncrren: Clo
Hats, Saddlecloths, Bags, &c.

Crass 30.
Travelling Equi such as Trunks,
+ iy ce.

95. FRIEND, HENRY, Seu., Glad
stone.—Stockwhip Handles.

94. JARMAN, RICHD. EDWD.
Brisbane.—(1) Best Hogskin Saddle, »
doeskin seat, knee and thigh (2) Hog
oo Saddle, se a 4 ) Beat { r

in “Wagga Wagga

poet Hogskin Park Saddle. (5) Demi-H
skin Training Saddle. (6) Desni-Hogskis ©
Seat Stock Saddle. (7) All-over
Roll Seat Somerset Breaking-in
All-over Bag, leather he seat.
Hogskin Treeless Racing Saddle. (10)
Pair-horse Silver-mounted Carriage 1
a Set of ant Rg Silver-mounted Baw

ther “Concord” Buggy Harness.

t. Leather Travelling Trank, “The Ma

2) The “Vade Mecum” Solid
velling Trunk.

Queensland. 285

3 PENAL ESTABLISHMENT, 8t.
tie Lee! a a oy el
Bridles, ngs. ts, Pack-bags,
Pouches, Sword-belts, and other
or work,
). PURCELL, WM., Rockhampton.
1) Patent Saddle, with Girths, made for
use, such as breaking-in horses, over-
ing, and station uses. (2) Bag Leather
Saddle, (38) Gentleman’s Town Hog-
Saddle.

0. QUEENSLAND COMMIS-
DNERS, Brisbane. — (1) Stockman’s
ips, hand made. (2) Hobbles—greenhide,
(8) Hide Halters. (4) Bullock Driver's,
ps. (5) Lady’s Riding Whip, hand made.
Varriage Whips, hand made.

00a. SCOTT, WALTER J., Valley
Lagoons.—(1) Stock Whip. (2) Two
p Handles.

Ciass 31,
Boots, Shoee, and Slippers.

01.PENAL ESTABLISHMENT,
HELENA, Moreton Bay. — Boots
Slippers.

Crass 33,
Jewellery and Precious Stones.

02. BOND, HERBERT. WILLM.,

rrington, Toowoomba. — (1) Opal

rklet, containing representative Stones from

hibitor’s Opal Mines, (2) Opal and “ Opal-
Gems. (3) Opals, in the matrix (4)
8, worked in Cameos, &c.

03. HAMPTON, R. C. E., Thargo-
dah.—Opals iu the matrix.

ROUP VIIIL—ANIMAL, VEGE-
TABLE, AND MINERAL PRO-
DUCTS (RAW AND MANU-
FACTURED).

(a) Anmmat Propvucts.
Ciass 36,

Animal Oils.
QUEENSLAND
ed and unrefined.

%. HOGARTH AUSTRALIAN

T PRESERVING CO., Limited,
isy Creek, Darling Downs, —(1)
8 Foot Oil. (2) Trotter Oil.

COMMIS-

Brisbane.—Dugong Oil, re- | Opossw:

Crass 87,
Soap, Tallow, Waa, ke.

106. HANCOCK, WILLIAM, Ips
wich.—Soap and Candles.

107. HOGARTH AUSTRALIAN
MEAT PRESERVING CO., Limited,
Oakey Creek, Toowoomba.—(1) Mutton
Tallow. (2) Beef Tallow,

108. QUEENSLAND COMMIS8-
SIONERS, Brisbane.—Beeswax, grown by
Walter Bunny, Rosewood.

108. RUDDELL, RICHARD, Bun-
daberg.—-(1) Block of best No. 1 Ssap. (2)
Eight large bars of best No. 1 Soap,

Crass 38,
Hides.

110. BARTON, A. H. E., Stanthorpe.
—Kangaroo Skin, tanned.

111. QUEENSLAND COMMIS-
SIONERS, Brisbane.—(1) Dugong Hide,
ce i and dried, (2) Dugong Hide,
tanned.

°
Crass 39,
Leather and Manufactures of Leather.

112. QUEENSLAND COMMIS-
SIONERS, Brisbane. — Collection of
Queensland Furs and Skins, prepared by L.
Wittgenstein viz.:—(1) Six Wallaby Skins,
(2) Six Mountain Wallaby. (3) Four Rock
Wallaby. (4) One Scrub Wallaby, Leopard
centre. (5) Six Wallaby Skins, dressed for
boot leather. (6) Three Wullaby Skins, dressed
for bookbinding. (7) Seven Seal Kangaroo.
(8) Two Mainland Kangaroo. (9) Three
Flyer Kangaroo. (10) Three Mountain Kan-
garoo. 11) One Kangaroo Head and Tail.
(12) Six Wallaroo. (13) Three Dingo, or
Native Dog. (14) Nine Opossum. (15) Two
Opossum, tanned. (16) Two Black Opossum.
Gn One Paddy Melon. (18) Six Kangaroo

at. (19) Five Black and White Native Cat.
a Two Tiger Cat. (21) Twelve Native

. (22) Thirty-six Platypus. (23) Hunt-
ing Coat of Rock Wallaby and, Stained
m. (24) Black Opossum Carriage Rug,
Native Dog cont Satis and B ra
Opossum Bug ug, Black Opossum centre.
(de) Blue anaes uggy Rug, black border.
(27) Kan Hearthrug, Opossum border.
28) Black Opossum Hearthrug, Rabbit border.
{0 Wallarov Hearthrug, Opossum-tail: border,

£58

a Rock Wallaby Hearthrug. (81) Scrub-

laby Hearthrug, as it border. (32)
Blue Opossum Rug. (83) Mat (square), Black
and ite Native Cat. (84) Mat eauare),
Blue Opossum, black border. (356) Mat
(square), Rock-Wallaby, O and Rabbit
horder. (36) Mati (oval), Rock-Wallaby,
Opossum border. (87) Mat (oval), Black and

ite Native Cat centre. (38) Mat (oval),
Feather centre. (38) mag No , Blue Opos-
sum. (40) Lady’s Cape, Rock-Wallaby. (41)
Lady’s “are Young “Joeys” (small kan-
garoo). ( Perey Mat, Black Opossum,
(48) Three Foot-warmers, Blue and Black

ssum and Native Cat. (44) Smoking Cap.
(45) Pair of Gloves, Opossum Fur. (46)
''welve Chest Preservers. (47) Coloured Sheep-
skin Mat, and other smail skins.

113. QUEENSLAND COMMIS-
SIONERS, Brisbane. — Leathers, manu-
fnactured by A. Pieck, viz.:—(1) Two sides
Black Harness Leather. (2) Three sides
Brown Harness Leather. (3) Three sides
Stained Bridle Leather. (4) ‘Two sides Brown
Bridle Leather. (5) One side Black Rein
Léather. (6) Three sides Brown Kip. (7)
Four sides Sutin Kip. (8) Three sides Black
Kip. (9) Two Grained Kid Skins. (10) Two
Kangaroo Skins. (11) Four Kangaroo Skins,
in the russet. (134) T'wo French Calf Skins.
(18) Three Satin CalfSkins. (14) Two Black
Calf Skins. (15) Four Brown Calf Skins.
(18) Two Native Bear Skins.

114. STEPHENS, WILLIAM, Bris-
bane.—(1) One Side Sole ther. (2) One
side Harness Leather. (8) Que side Bag and
Bridie Leather, (4) Three Basils.

1156. WICKHAM, GEORGE T.,
South Toolburra.—Opossum’s Fur.

Crass 40,
Silk—Raw, Cocoon, and Thread.

116. GIBSON, MISS, 8
Yatala.—Skeins and Cocoons. |

117. QUEENSLAND
SIONERS, Brisbane.—Raw and &

Rengal variety of Worm. Grown by Ed
© gton, Upper Coomera. '
Cuass 41.
Tortoise Shella, Sponges, and Shells.

118. BROWN, FRANK (Care
W. R. Humphrey, Cooktown).—Tn
of Marine Shells.

119. CLARK, JAMES, Thu
Island.—Clam Shells.

120. HARTMANN, CARL
F.R.H.8., Toowoomba. — Sponge (
Flexible Coral, Spongefans, &c., from Tor
Straits,

121. QUEENSLAND fete)
SIONERS, Brisbane.—Shells, Corals,
from ‘Torres Straits.

Crass 42,
Pearl Shell.

122, QUEENSLAND co.
SIONERS, Brisbane. — Pearl Shell
“ Chicken,” small and large “ Bold Shel
Trophy.

GROUP VIII. (b.)

Queensland Commissioners’ Exhibits of Indigenous Timber and other Forest Produd
comprise an extensive collection of 427 exhibits in book-block, plank, and veneer. Some f
remarks are necessary to account for what otherwise might be considered as defects in some
the samples. These defects are principally noticeable in the plank exhibits, several of whi
will be found to have slightly cracked or split at the ends; for this, allowance will readily
made by practical men when informed that in no case has time been allowed for seasonini
neither could advantage be taken of the proper period for felling the trees. It must be borse
mind that this collection had to be got together hurriedly, ieaving no time even for selecti
the most suitable tree; thus, the first to hand was felled, and a four-feet length of the #
forwarded to the establishment in Brisbane, where all the exhibits were immediately pref
This will account also for the stains observable in several of the sufter woods, which, being ful
sap when cut, became discoloured before reaching their destination—in some cases nearly 2)
miles from their local habitat.

Although many of the kinds are in sufficient quantity to allow of being exported, ¢
display of the colony’s woods has been prepared rather with e view to point out to intend
emigrants and others that Queensland possesses in her indigenous vegetation woods suitable
all and every kind of work.

J Crass 48,
mans “her nh us Timber and other
or wed

338. ADAMS, CHARLES BE., Goondi
atation, North Queensland.—Collec-
of Woods indigenous to the Johnstone
or district.

124. BROWN, JOHN, Mackay.
slisk, consisting of 2,000 pieces of W cods
ligenous to Queensland, collected in the
kay district.

ogs of Cedar, grown on the
skall Range, Moreton district, one 20 ft.
». in girth, the other 18 feet 8 in. in girth.

126. COWLEY, JOSEPH L., Upper
orth Pine River.—Arrowroot Piant.

127. FAIRLIE, JAMES & SON,
yborough.—-Cedar Plank.

128. FRIEND, HENRY,
ladstone.—Collection of Woods indigenous
the Gladstone district.

120. JACKSON, J. W. W., & CO.,

tchell, Maranoa District.—(1) Piece
Bloodwood, suitable for railway purposes ;
urable underground. (2) Piece of Cypress
ine; takes a beautiful polish, and is proof
yainst the ravages of the white ant.

130. HARTMANN, CARL H.,
-R.H.8., Toowoomba.—Cone of Bunys-
anya Pine (Araucaria Bidwillii).

131. LANE ROBERT, Brisbane.—

(Araucaria

132. NORVILL, EDWARD, Glad-
tone.—Paper Knives of Beefwood.

133, QUEENSLAND COLLIERIES
0., Limited, Howard.—Polished Woods.

138a, QUEENSLAND COMMIS-
LON ERS.—Collection of Walking Sticks.

134. STRUVER F., Pine Creek,
oowoomba.—Sample boards of Cypress

:

HYDROLEINE

HYDRATED

; {SOAP POWDER.

Sole Manufacturer: F. J. HARRISON & Co, Watling Street Works, Leicester.

237

Crass 44,

Vegetable Oils.
1385. QUEENS/J.AND COM-
MISSIONERS, Brisbane.—Collevtion of

Essential Oils, prepared by the Hon. A. C.
Grecory, C.M. G. and Mr. K. T. Srarcer, viz.:
—(1) Melaleuca leweadendron, 320 ozs. oil ob-
tained from one ton of leaves. (2) Eucalyptus
Slaigeriana, 1,200 ozs. oil obtained from one
ton of leaves. (3) Eucalyptus microcorys, 375
ozs. oil obtained from one ton of leaves. (4)
Eucalyptus Plancheniana. (5) Ei
Baileyana. (6) Eucalyptus hemastoma, 672
ozs. oil obtained from one ton of leaves. (7)
Eucalyptus dealbata. (8) Eucalyptus maculata.
(9) Eucalyptus maculata. (10) Eucal
populifolia. (11) Backhousia citriodora, 12)
Ca m yllum, useful for varnishes,
soap making, &c. (18) Oil of Aleurites molluc-
cana, or Candle Nut; used extensively in oil
painting as a substitute fur Walnut oil. Kernel
of nut produces 543 cent. of oil. (14,
Essential Oil of Beilceshmiedia odtusifolia (Sas-
safras bark), 770 ozs. oil obtained from one ton
of leaves.

Crass 45.
Fibres, and Articles Manufactured therefrom.

136. FORSYTH, A., & CO., Bris-
bane.—Rope Trophy.

137. QUEENSLAND COM-
SIONERS, ae ay i rag RES, grown near
Brisbane, prepared by Alexander MacPherson,
viz.:—Jute, Ita, Currajovg, Fan Palm,
Palm, penta Hemp, Pandamus peduneu-
latus (locally called Bread Fruit), Yucca Aloe,
Black Wattle, Flax, Bamboo, Moreton Bay
Fig, &e. ; also fibres dyed.

Crass 49.
Gums, siesins, Vegetable Dyes, Varnishes.

138.1 ; ILEY, FREDERICK,
MANEOWN, F.L.8., Colonial
Brisbane.—( (1) Gum of Apple-tree. (2) Gum
of Rusty Gum. (3) Gum of Ironbark; per-
fectly solcble in water. (4) Gum of Scribbly
Gam. (5) Gum of Stringybark. (6) Gum of
Turpentine or Tee. (7) Gum of Gum-tupped

SN LT ET TD

Box. ay Gum of Jimmy Low. (8) Gum of
Spot: um. The analysis also showed the
nve of 59°03 per cent, of substance insoluble
water; alcohol dissolved, 10°82 per cent.,
leaving 48°21 per cent., which was mostly
soluble in caustic soda. This insoluble sub-
stance was opera black, and was partly
derived from altered kino-tannin, and td
from other substances not yet thoroughly in-
vestigated. (10) Gum of Moreton Bay Ash.
(11) Gum of Rough Stringybark. ag) Gum
of Narrow-leaved Ironbark.

189. BANCROFT, JOSEPH, M.D.,
Brisbane.—-(1) Purified Gum of Eucalyptus
corymbosa, (2) Purified Gum of Hucalyptus
siderophloia, (8) Purified Gum of Lucalyptus
siderophloia, (4) Purified Gum of Eucalyptus
hamastoma.

140. NORVILL, EDWARD, Glad.
stone.— Assortment of Gums,

141. SWAIN, JOHN WILLIAM
COWLING, Brisbane.—Skeins of Worsted
Yarn, dyed Yellow and Ssarlet. Dyes extracted
from native woods,

142. WICKHAM, GEORGE J,
Louth Toolburra.—Grass-tree Gum,

Crass 50,
Tobacco, Raw and Manufactured,

143, HOCKER, J. H., Brisbane, —
(lueensland-grown ‘Tobacco, raw and manu-
factured,

144. TYRELL, Mrs. J.. DE POIX,
Stanthorpe.—Tobacoo Leaf.

Onass 51,
Materials used for Tanning, Currying, ke.

145. LOCAL COMMITTEE, Stan-
thorpe.—Tar ring Barks, comprising :—(1)
Mountain Green Wattle. (2) Scrub Wattle.
+ Silver Wattle. (4) Golden-leaf Wattle.
5) Swamp Green Wattle. (6) Green Wattle.

146. QUEENSLAND COMMIS.
SIO » Brisbane. — Tanning Barks,
viz. :--(1) Bark of Brisbane Box. (2) Bark of
Turpentiue or Tee. (8) Bark of Black Wattle.
4) k of Gum-top Box. (5) Bark of

ickory Wattle. (6) Bark of Zronbark,. (7)
Bark of Oak. (8) Bark of Honeysuckle, (8)
Bark of Bitterbark. (29) Bark of Rough
Stringybark. (11) Bark of Scribbly Gum.
(12) Bark of Strligybabe (13) Bark of Red
aa Watts. "Cle) des 15) Bark of

lver Wattle. ark of Green Wattle.
(17) Bark of Black Wattle. '

Oiass 52,
Minerals.

The Mineral Exhibits of this Colony
catalogued in a separate pamphlet. They
no less than 1,407 in number, comprising
silver, silver-lead, tin, copper, iron, coal, ph
bago, magnetic ore, manganese, malac
cobalt, agates, amethysts, building and
stone, marble, shale, clay, &e.; and toge
weigh several hundred tons. Much of the
quartz will be actually treated in the Exhj
tion, for which purpose a quartz-oras}
battery has been erected. ‘Che principal te
from which these minerals have been obta(
are Gympie, Uharters Towers, Ravens
Clermont, Rockhampton, Palmer, Herhe
Cloncury, Kilkinan, Nebo, Normanby, E
idge, Stanthorpe, Gladstone, Norton,
Tinaroo. The coal exhibits are from the}
banba and Maryborough districts,

—=

GROUP X.—FOOD PRODUCT
(RAW AND MANUFACTURE

Crass 60.
Coffee, Spices, &e.
147. BAILEY, WILLIAM B,, F
pama.—Coftve Beans,
148. BURNETT, J. K., Buderu
Mountain, Mooloolah.—Coffoe.
149. CHUBB, CHAS. FREDK., Ip
wich.—(1) Coffee, (2) Cayenne Pepper, frq
birds-eye chillies.
150. COSTELLO, J. M., Millice
Plantation, Mackay. —-(1) Coffee,
Beans of the year 1884. (2) Coffee Beans,
the year 1885.
151. GIBSON, MISS, STANMOE
Yatala.—Coffee, husked and unhusked.
162. HART, DANIEL, Moss
River.—Coffee, raw, and prepared for use,

* "1
Ch a a

A, Moreton Bay.
green, roasted, and ground.

154. QUEENSLAND COMM
SIONERS, Brisbane.— Coffee, grown
Joseph OC. Dixon, Buderim Mountain.

Oxass 61.
Sugar.
A. Nortuern: Disrricr.
155. SWALLOW AND DERHA
Hambledon Plantation, Cairns. —

Sugar; S. and D. No. 1, three-star class. (
Sugar; S.and D., No. 2, three-star class.

B. Jouvsroxe River Disrnicr.
156. MOURILYAN SUGAR

co.,
purilyan Harbour.—(1) Sugar, half-a-

A star class. (2) Sugar, f-a-ton, A

67. NOLAN & WARLISS, Innis-
Plantation, Johnstone River. —~
made from third rattoon “ Meera” cane,
old open tive-flat battery; small vacuum
1; lime and sulphur process.

158. QUEENSLAND SUGAR CO.,
mited, Geraldton.—Samples of Sugar.

C. Hennert anp Burpexty Rivers.

169. COLONIAL SUGAR REFIN-
74 CO, OF SYDNEY, Victoria Plan-
tion, Herbert River.—Cane Sugar, pre-
od for Refining purposes only.

10.GATRLOCH SUGAR CO.,
airloch Plantation, Lower Herbert
ver.—Sugar: A class.

(161. HAMLEIGH SUGAR CO.,
mited, Hamleigh, Ingham, Lower
erbert.—{1) Crystals Sugar, made by the
ery, Ehrmann, and Bernard process. (2)
og 4 agg White Sugar. (8) First Mo-
es Sugar.

162. MACKENZIE, JAMES, Sea-
rth Plantation, Lower Burdekin. --
odium-grain White & Yellow Sugars, made
y the Icery, Rhrmaun, and Bernard process,
Ac Um-pan.

163, WOOD BROTHERS & BOYD,
pple Creek Estate, Herbert River.—
Jorefined vacuum-pan Sugar.

D. Mackay Disraicr.

164. ADRIAN, W. 8. D., Mount
peasant Plantation, Mackay. — White
brefined vacuum-pan Sugar.

165. HENDERSON. A. & CO,,
saconsfield Plantation, Mackay. —
yhite, vacuum-pan Sugar.

166. MACKAY CO-OPERATIVE
D., Mackay.—Fifteen samples of Sugar,
sing the exhibit of the Mercantile Col-
cm of Dogars at the Mackay Agricultural
! OW, .

167. McBRYDE, JOHN, Richmond

htation, Mackay.—(1) White Sugar,
himal charcoal process. (2) Seconds Sugar,
himal chazcoal process.

168. McCREADY, HENRY, Pal-
° hi Estate, Mackay.—Six samples of

170, PAGET BROTHERS., Nindaroo
Estate, Mackay.-Straw-Coloured and yellow
Sugars, manufactured by the common lime
process.

E.—Rocxuampton District.

171.QUEBENSLAND COM-
MISSIONERS, Brisbane.--Counter Sugar,
manufactured by the Yeppoon Sugar Co., grown
in Central Queensland—a dry belt.

172. YBPPOON SUGAR OCO.,
Limited, Rockhampton.—White Sugar,
a ; class, grown in Central Queensland—a dry

t,

F.—Bunpapere District.

178. ADAMS, WALTER, Bunda-
berg.—Sugar manufactured by the common
process.

174. CRAN, ROBERT, & CO., Milla-
quin, Bundaberg.—(1) Refined Sugar. (2)
Refined White Sugar. (3) One ton large-
grained Refined Sugar.

175. PENNY & CO., Millbank
Plantation, Bundaberg.—(1) White Sugar
manufactured by the Icery, Ehrmann, and
Bernard! process (Millbank A class). (2)
(Millbank 1 class). (8) Yellow Sugar made
from the molasses from first sugar (Millbank
2 class).

176.QUEENSLAND COM-
MISSIONERS, Brisbane.—(1) White
Sugar, manufactured by Penny & Co., Milbank
Plantation. (2) Yellow Sugar, manufactured
by Penny & Co., Millbank Plantation. (8)
Granulated White Sugar (Fairymead 1 class)
manufactured by A. H. & E. Young. (4)
Brown Sngar manufactured by A. H. & E.
Young, Fairymead Plantation (Fairymead 3
class).

177. YOUNG, A. H. & K., Fairy-
mead Plantation, Bundaberg.—(1) Sugar,
manufactured by the Icery, Ehrmann, and
Bernard process, without charcoal (Firsts L1
class.) &) Seconds (L2 class).

G.—Marysoroven Disrricr.

178. CRAN, ROBERT, & CO,
Yengarie.—One ton Refined Grocer’s Sugar.

H.—Sovurnern District.
179. DAVY & GOODING, Been-
leigh.—Vacuum-pan, unrefined, Sugar.
180. PENAL ESTABLISHMENT, St.
Helena, Moreton Bay.—NSugar, manufac-
tured by the open-pan process.

181.QUBENSLAND COM.
MISSIONERS.--(1) Vacuum-pan, unrefined.
Seiar, manufactured by Buderum Mountain
Sugar o., Limited, Mooloolah. (2) Sugar
from Cene Juice, filtered through animal chur-
coal, manufactured by Arthur A, Robinson,
Helensvale Plantation, Coomera River, (3)
Firat Sugar manufactured by Alexander Watt,
Bannockburn Plantation, Beenleigh, by the
open-pan process, lime only being used in
manufacture (Bl class). (4) Molasses Sugar,
manufactured by Alexander Watt (32 class).

'd2. SMITH, THOMAS LORIMER,
Woo \ouds Plantation, Marburg.—
PP 3s Co-eflicient, 99:63; moisture,
° Jf

1883. WITTY, W. K., Yatala, Bris-
bane,—Sugars.

CLass 62.
Breadstuffe.

184. ALFORD, HENRY KING,
Allora, Darling Downs.—(1) Wheat,
sample A, (2) Wheat, sample B,

185. DOUGALL, JAMES, Allora,
Darling Downs.—llour.

186, GIETZ, ADAM, Allora.—
Wheat.

187. HAYES, W. & C., Warwick.—
,1) White Tuscan Wheat. (2) White Lammas
Wheat. (3) Spring Wheat. (4) Hybridised
Wheat. (5) Detiance Wheat, rust proof, Indian
variety. (6) Flour manufactured by the steel)
roller process. All the above grown on the
Darling Downs.

188. HENDERSON, JAMES, Tam-
bourine, Beenleigh.—Wheat.

189. HORWITZ, J. & CO., Warwick,
Darling Downs. —(1) Flour, two samples.
(2) Wheaten Meal, (38) Maize Meal, (4)
Maize. (5) Wheat.

190, JOHNSON, JOHN P., Dain-
tree River, North Queensland.—Potato
Flour,

191. KGNNEDY, DAVID, Allora,
Darling Downs.-— Wheat.

192. KENNEDY, JAMES, C., Allora,
Darling Downs,—-Wheat grown on rich
black soil, seven feet deep, yielding from 25
to $4 bushels per acre,

198. KENNEDY, BROS, Steam
Flour Mills, Allora,—Supertine Flour,
manufactured from same description of wheat
ax the two preeeding exhibite; ground with
48in. Fronch Burns,

104, SYDWART, JAMS, Bald Hills.

—Indian Wheats.

Queensland.

eee ae eee eens

Onass 63, 3
Arrowroot, Tapioca, Sago, Rice, &e,

195. BAIRD, JAMES ©G., te
—Rice grown on the Endeavour River,

196. COWLBY, JOSEPH L., Uy
North Pine River,—Arrowroot.

197. DOHERTY, WILLIAM, Ff
pama.—<Arrowroot,

198. HART, DANIBI:, Moss:
River.—(1) Arrowroot. (2) Rice,

199. LAHEY, ¥F., & SONS, Pimp
—Purple Arrowroot.

200. LAHRS, CLAUS, Yatala.--T

varieties of Rice,

201. MILLS, GEORGE, Ne

Arrowroot,

202. PENAL ESTABLISHME)
8t. Helena, Moretown Bay.—Arrowre!

2038. WILLIAMS, ALFRED,
Mile Plains, Brisbane,—Casaava.

Chass 65,
Preserved Meats, Soups, &e,

204. CENTRAL (The) Q ENE
LAND MBAT EXPORT CoO., Limi
Rockhampton. —- (1) Fitzroy Luneb
Beef—Rounds and Sirloin. (2) Lunebeo
‘Tongues——Smoked and Corned, (8) Sande
Beet — Compressed, (4) Compressed
Beef. (5) Corned Beef, (6) Compressed Be
Brawn, (7) Boiled Beet, (8) Comp
Boiled Beef, (8) Ramp Steak and Onio
(10) Minced Collops, (11) Ox Marrow. (
Roast Beef, (18) Boiled Mutton. (h
Corned Mutton.

Extract of Meat, (18) Boiled
Corned Beef, (80) Boiled Mutton, (18,
and 20 are specimens of inferior Meat packe
in America and labelled in Englund, purr
ing to be Queensland Beef and Muttow.)

205. HOGARTH AUSTRALIAS
MBAT PRESERVING CoO., Limited
Cakey Creek, Darling Downs. — (I
Compressed Boiled Beef. (2) Cowmpres
Corned Beef. (8) Compressed Boiled Matte
(4) Boiled Mutton. (6) Corned Mutt
(6) Boiled Beef. (7) Corned Beef. ©
Stewed Ox ‘Tails, (8) Ox Tongues. (10%
Sheeps’ ‘Tongues. (11) Stewed Sheeps’ Ki
neys. (12) Sheep’s Kidney Soup. tg
Tripe, (14) Potted Ox-Head, (15) Ox-Tal
Soup. (16) Stewed Ox-Kidney Soup.
Ox-Kidiwy Soup. (10) Beef Marrow. rf
Beet Jelly,

Queensland. 241
4. QUEENSLAND COMMIS8-| 213. QUEENSLAND COMMIS-
ea Bacon. SIO Brisbane.—Ginger, preserved
by McLeod & Wills.
, Q sae ty
RS.—Meats, to, proper Cass 70,
a icabene, oe rtle Bou?
for invalids. Honey.

ade Jelly. f )
1 Turtle. (5) Bée odewaae Soup. (6)

1 Dugong.
Crass 66.
Fish—-Fresh and Preserved.

Cooktown.
(2) Black
Fish,

8. BAIRD, JAMES C.,
she-de-mer :—(1) 'Teat Fish.
(8) Red Fish. (4) Prickly R

Crass 67,
and Vegetables—Fresh and Preserved.

00. HARDY, CHARLES, Sight-
| a Fians, Brisbane.—(1) Ginger, pre-
. (2) Cumquats, preserved

0. QUEENSLAND COXMIB-
orved by B. Skinner, viz. :—(1) Pineapple,
Pineapple Pulp. (8) Guava, (4) Cape
pberry.

Crass 69,
Jama and Jellies,

1. HARDY, CHARLES, Hight-
Plains, Brisbane. —(1) Rosella Jam.
Pie Melon Jam. (3) Yellow ‘Tomato Jam,
Red Tomato Jam. (6) Peach Jam. (6)
wot Jam. (7) sinenppee Tam. 7) Grape
(8) Oe Gooseberry Jam, (10) Pas-
Fruit and Tomato Jam. (11) Chine Date-
mJam. (12) Wild Gooseberry Jam. (13)
Jam. (14) Damson Jam, (15) Green-
Jam. (16) Loquat Jam. (17) Orange
le. (18) Cumquat Marmalade. (18)
) Marmalade. (20) Lemon Marreainds.
isbon Lemon Mormalade, (22) Shad
Marmalade, (23) Rosella qs lly. (24)
eat (26) Orange Jelly. 26) Grape
(27) Passion Fruic Jelly. (28) Yellow
st Jelly. (20) Red ‘Tomato Jelly.
QUEENSLAND COMMIS.
ONERS. Brisbane.—Jams_prepared by
Skinner :—(1) Citron Jam. (2) hi Any

3) G J 4 t
be se elosed uava 4 (4) Loquat Jam

MOEN, Brisbane.— Queensland Fruit- Ale

214. CRIBB, ROBERT JOSEPH,
Milton, Brisbane. — One cwt. of best
Eucalypt Honey. Extracted, and in the Comb.

Crass 72.
Pieklea, Saucea, de.

9156. HARDY, CHARLES, LEight-
mile Plains, Brisbane—(1) Mango “we
(2) Mango Chutney. (3) Red Cabbage.

‘each Chutney. (56) Tomato Chutney. °

Tomato Sauco. (7) Tomato Pickle, (8) Cu-
cumber Pickle.
Crass 73.
Ale, Beer, and Porter,
— Bottled

216. McK AY, B., Mackay.

217. STEINDL & FLEMING, City
Brewery, Bundaberg.—{1) Ale and Stout,
in cask. (2) Bottled Ale and Stout.

218. TOWNSVILLE BREWBRY
COMPANY, Limited, Townsville. —
Bottled Stout and Ale.

Crass 74.
Wines,
219. BASSETT. 8., Roma, — (1)
Sherry, in case, three years old. (2) Hermit-

age, (3) Burgund (4) Reisslin 5
Sherry, in bottle. oe .”
220. BEH, DAVID, Summithill

Vineyard, Toowoomba.—(1) White light
table Wine, vintage, Mareh, 1885, (2) Red
table Wine, vintage, March, 1885,

221. BENSLEY, MARK, Grango
Farm Vineyard, Rosewood, Ip ewich,—
(1) Light dry “Red Salvino,” vintane 1880
(2) Full-bodied sweet Wine, “ Red Hermitage,”
vintage 1880,

222. BISHOP, D. 8., Newton Vine-
yard, Southport.—Sweet Red Wine, from
“Isabella” grapes, vintage 1882,

BURGOYNE’S AUSTRALIAN WINES.

Dr. WATSON. —
ubtedly wines of high quality.”

“Your ‘Tintara and ‘Highercombe' are un-

BENET ONO GUS) MIST eh) de) en RORY
242 Queensland.
223. CHUBB, CHARLES F., & 2. 934. MEL BOURNE-MACK
Malmes Vineyard, Towler SUGAR CO., Limited,
Red “ Malmesbury,” vintage 1879, Plantation Distille Mackay, —

224. — JAMES, Reside Vine-
yard, Ipswich.— (1) Red Wine, vee
1883. () Sweet White Wine, vintage 1833.

HENRY, Saxony
Toowoomba.—({1) White light
(2) Table Wine,

225.
Gardens,
table Wine, vintage 1883.
“ Red Spanish,” vintuge 1882.

226. IRWIN BROTHERS, Warrilla
Vine ard, Ipswich, — (1) White W ine,
eilho,” Marin February, 188%. (2)

Red Wine “ Mataro,” vintage 1883.

227. KIEHM, HENRY, Ruthven
Vineyard, Toowoomba. —(1) Red, full
table Wine, vintage, February, 1885. (2)
Full table Wine, vintage, February, 1885.

228. KTRCHER, JACOB, Assmans-
hausen Vineyard, Warwick.—(1) Red
“Hermitage.” vintage 1879. (2) White
“Verdeilho,” vintage 1879. (8) Red “ Her-
mitage,” vintage 1884. (4) White “ Ver-
deilho,” vintage 1884.

229. LAMBERT G., Mt. Walker,
Ipswich.—(1) Black « He rmitege,” Full-
bodied Wine, vintage 1884, (2) White “ Her-
mitage,” vintage 1883,

280. LE GRAND, ROBERT W.,
Wooyumboong Vineyard, Ipswich.—
(1) Dry Wine, “ White Sherry,” vintage 18*5.
(2) Sweet White “ Hermitage,” vintage 1885,
(3) Dry Red Wine, vintage 1883.

Crass 75,
Spirite,

281. CASTLES, WILLIAM, Logan.
holme.—Rum.

2382. DAVY & GOODING. Beon-
leigh.—Rum, 18 months old.

238. GARDNER, OWEN, Nor-

nanby Distillery, near Bric bane. -—Rum,
i: cask and in bottle.

BURGOYNE’S

ry,
Proof Rum, from Alexandra Plantation, {
Proof Rum, from Tekowai Plantation.

235. MILTON DISTILLERY 6
Brisbane.—Rum.

237. PLEYSTOWE SUGAR (&
Mackay.—Run, in bottle and in cask.

237. RAFF, GEORGE, Cabooltr
Plantation Run, in bottle, distilled in 1874

Crass 76.
rated and Mineral Waters.

238. HELIDON SPA WATERCO
Brisbane. —Helidon Spa Water, in bot
This Water rises from a depth of 60 pnd
spouts to a height of 20 feet above the g
at the rate of 2,000 gallons per hour. Ane
— Bicarbonate of Sodium, 221-36 grs. per g
Bicarbonate of Potassium, 2°34 gre. per g
Bicarbonate of Lithium, 1°81 grs. per galle
Bicarbonate of Calcium, 10°65 grs. per galls
Bicarbonate of Magnesium, 1°82 grs. per gulk
Bicarbonate of Rubidium—Traces in the 4
troscope ; Chloride of Sodium, 48-08 grs. 5
gallon; Silica, 2°18 grs. per gallon; Alun
and Iron, 3°23; total, 291°42 grs. per gallon.

239. HOOPER, J. H., Ipswich.
JErated Waters.

Ciass 77.
Vinegar, Cordials, ce.

240. BAIN, JAMES, Ipswich—(
Malt Vinegar, &e. (2) Cordials.

241. HOCPER, JOHN HENRY, Ip
wich.—Cordials.

Crass 78.

Other Provisions.

2493, BRISBANE REFINERY CC
Limited, Brisbane.—Golden Syrup.

243. HART, DANIEL, Moss
River.—Ginger, Raw.

AUSTRALIAN WINES.

THE WINES ARE SELECTED FROM THE VINEYARD
OF EACH COLONY. |

ROUP XI.—_AGRICULTURE
AND HORTICULTURE.

Onass 79,
Agricultural Products.

BAILEY, FRED. M., F.LS.,
on Botanist, Brisbane.—Collection
ative Grasses.

5. HUTCHINSON, ABRAHAM,
huraberland House, Gympie.—(1)
pins, grown in virgin soil. (2) Englizh
o¢s, grown in virgin soil during a very dry
on—1885. (8) Maize, in cobh—an average
le; soil under crop for fifteen years,
led, without manure, nearly 60 bushels per
(4) Maize, first crop from a black alluvial
(5) Truss of Hay, from Kangaroo Grass,
p in December, 1884.
8. WITTY, W. K., Yatala.— Sac-
a; cattle food.

Crass 80.
Horticultural Products.

71.BAILEY, FREDBRICE
NSON, F.L.8., Colonial Botanist,
bane.—Indigenous Ferns—dried speci-
8 (in charge of the attendant).

8. QUEENSLAND OOMMIS-
NERS, Brisbane, — Live Plants and

Cass 81
achinery .pplied to Agricultural Products.

. QUEBNSLAND COMMIS-
NERS, Brisbane.—Bullovk Dray, as
l by Queensland squatters; now being
dually superseded by horse teams and the
ay.

Cass 84.
Manures.

60. HOGARTH AUSTRALIAN

IAT ;/PRESERVING CO., Limited,

sy Creek, Darling Downs. — Bone

nure,
Ciass 85.

Objects not otherwise Specified.

51. BLACKMAN, F. A., Brisbane.
2) Model of a Stockyard (cattle), and all
plianecs complete. (2) Model of Farm
8, Speying Bail; and other models.

Queensland.

243

252. QUEENSLAND COMMIS.-
SIONERS, Brisbane.—A Bark Hut, or
Bush Residence, to illustrate the way in which
a shelter is quickly constructed in the bush,
and generally used by the early settlers.

253. SHANN, WILLIAM, Bowen.--
Model of a Bush Hut or Humpy.

254. VAGG, ARTHUR JOHN, Poole
Island, Bowen.—Model of Poole Island
Freezing Works.

GROUP XII. — ETHNOLOGY,
ARCHAOLOGY, AND NATU-
RAL H’STORY.

Crass 86,
Ethnological Collection.

NEW GUINEA EXHIBITS.

255. LIVESEY, W. B., Special Com-
missioner “‘ Brisbane Courier.”—Curios,
made and used by the natives of New Guinea :—
(1) Gourds for carrying lime (the lime is
chewed with betel-nut). (2) Cocoanut Cups.
(3) Pottery Vessels for cooking. (4) Arulets.
(5) Necklaces. (6) Stone Adzes, (7) Adzes,
set in handles. (8) Large Pipes. (9) Small
Pipe. (10) Clubs. (11) Grass Petticouts.
(12) Short Grass Petticoats. (18) Bows,
(14) Nets, including Kangaroo Nets. (15)
Arrows. (16) Spears. (17) Native Drill,
(18) Model, New Guinea Catamaran or boat,
(19) Yam Stick.

256. MILMAN, HUGH, Cooktown.
—New Guinea Curios, comprising :--(1) Spears,
(2) Stone Adzes, (8) Paddles. (4) Models
of Canoes. (5) Clubs. (6) Swords. (7)
Shell Armlets. r Head
Ornaments. (10) War Masks. (11) Wooden
Knives, (12) Shields. (18) Lime Gourds.
(14) Pipes. (15) Fibre Armlets. (16)
Cocoanut Bowls. (17) Grass Petticoats,
(18) Cauldrons. (19) Dishes. (20) Water
Carriers. (21) Shell, Teeth, and other Orna..
ments.

257. QUEENSLAND COMMIS-
SIONERS, Brisbane.—Collection of New
Guinea Curios, oe :—(1) Stone Clubs.
(2) Stone Adzes. (8) Stone Processional Axes
(4) Shields. (5) Drums. (6) Lassoes or Man-
catchers. (7) Bamboo Pipes. (8) Combs, (8)
Lime Gourds, (10) Shell Armlets. (11)
Wallaby Teeth Necklaces, (12) Food Dishes.
(18) Bone Kuives. (14) Grass Skirts. (15)
Netted Bags. (16) Wooden Dugongs. (17).

rn 2

.-

244 , (Queensland.

Telescopic Baskets. (18) Cocoanut Cups.
(19) Ebony Lime Spoons. (20) Whale-rib
Lime Spoen. (21) Sheli Kneeband. (22)
Pandanus Leaf Mat. (23) Paddles. (24)
Mourning Arm-bands, (25) ‘T'wo-man Canoe,
carved and painted. (26) One-man Canoe,
carved and painted, (27) Paddles for the
nbove, (28) Carved and Painted Idol, (28)
Bowla, or Wooden Cauldrons. (80) Cocoanut
Ladles, (81) Carved Calabashes. (82) Large
Maske or Head-dresses, used in war dance, (33)
Horn Bell Crest. (84) Flax Bag. (85) Model
(unoe, (36) Net-catchers. (87) Bundle of
Arrows. (38) Bamboo Knife. (88) Head-
tresses, (40) Pipe. (41) Water Sheils. (42)
Bead Necklace.

Queensland Aboriginal Exhibita,

258. AHERN, JOHN, Muttaburra.
-(1) Boomerangs. (2) Nulla-nullas, (8)
Coolamans, (4) Shields. (5) Net worn round
the waist at Boras on special occasions, (6)
Spears. (7) Woo-ma-rahs,

259. BANCROFT, T. kL. M.D.,
F.L.8., Geraldton, Johnstone River.—
Aboriginal exhibits collected in the Johnstone
River district.

260. B Y, P., Normanton,
—Aboriginal Curios,

261. GUNN, DONALD, Pikedale,
Stanthorpe.--Stone Tomahawks.

262. LOCAL COMMITTEE, Bowen.
—-Ourios, comprising :—(1) Boomerangs. (2)
Nulla-nullas, (3) Shields.

263, LOCAL COMMITTEE, Card-
well. -— Aboriginal Curios collected in the
Cardwell district.

264. LOCAL COMMITTER, Clor-
mont.—Aboriginal Curios collected in the
Clermont district, comprising :—(1) Boome-
rangs. (2) Nullasnullas, (8) Knives. (4)
Hielemans, (6) Dilly Bags. (6) Stone Tomua-
hawks. (7) Spears. (8) Woo-me-rah,

265. LOCAL COMMITTER, Cook-
town,.—Speurs, &e,

266. MORRISBY, Mrs. ROWLAND
Blackall.—Pituri Bag. :

267. MURRAY, FREDERICK
JOHNSTONE, Blackall. — (1) Boome-
rangs. (2) Grass Dilly Bags. (8) Wool Dill
Bugs. (4) Bag of Pituri. (6) Necklaces. (6)
Cotton Dilly Bags. (7) Carving Tool, (8)
Letter. (9) Fishing Net. (10) Material from
which Nets are made. Rounded Stones,

268. PINK, JAMES, F.R.H.S., Bris-
bane.—Stone Tomahawk, found at Cleveland,
near Brisbane. 3

269. QUEENSLAND
SIONERS, Brisbane.

ni River :—(1) Skull.
hawks. (3) Ornaments, &,

270. SAMWELL, WILLIA
Georgetown.—Curios, collected in the
ridge district, viz. :-—(1) Long Huntin
for killing kangaroos, &c. (2) Fi
Spears, pointed and barbed with pieces
telegraph wire. (3) Nulla-nullas, or
(4) Woo-ma-rah, by which spears are th
(5) Wooden Shiclds. (6) Women's
ments,

CLass 87.
Tmplements connected with Fishery.

271. LIVESEY, W. B., Brisbane
(1) Fish Spears made by natives of
Guinea. (3) Fishing Nets.

272. MILMAN, H., Cooktown.
Fish Spears. (2) Fishing Nets.

273. QUBENSLAND co
SIONERS, Brisbane.-—Fishing Nets,

Crass 88,
Collection of Animala, Stuffed.

274. BYTHEWAY, B., Gympie.
Glass-shade containing Birds procured in
Ciympie Gold Field,

275. DYER, BDWARD, San
Brisbane,—Native Companion or A
Crane,

276. HART, DANIBL,
River.—Pair of Sooty Owls.

277. HYNE, RICHARD M.,
berotigh.—Case of Stuffed Birds and
mals,

278. QUEENSLAND CoM)
SIONERS, Brisbane, — Natural H
Specimens, stuffed and prepared by Native

ew Guinea, viz. :—(1) Raggianas. 2
Bird of Paradise, (8) Rifle Bird. (4)
tain Pigeon.

279. QUEENSLAND co
SIONERS, Brisbane.—Prepared by
Spalding, Taxidermists to the Quee
Sean (1) Saw Fish (Priatia syreron),
Moreton Bay. (8) Dugonga (Halicore
tralia), found on the Queensland coast ;
Bay its southern limit.

UEENSLAND COMMIB.-
mmm caed'Gy aaikvay Alder, Wee
in Hi ntinon er,

vie (1) Water Lizard (2) Carpet

®, @) oreupine. (4 eg (5)
long onga Pigeon. (6) Wallaby. (7)

Heron. (8) Cockatoo, (®) Ibis. (10)
peaum. oe uatter Pigeon. (12) Dove.
9) Great-billed Heron. (14) Wild Duck.
5) White-necked Heron. (16) White Heron.
i le, a & Wallaby. ag) Hawk.
19) Stilts. ys ) Sandpiper. (21) Puff
yard §=(22) Wild dog, killing a Kangaroo.
B) Iguanac. (24) Seythrops, or Gigantic
ckoo, (26) Regent Bird.

281. QUEENSLAND COMMIS.

ONERS, Brisbane.—Specimens of Natu-

ll History, viz. :-—-13 Mammals, 107 Birds, 4
tiles, 4 Lizards, and Iguana,

Cass 89.
Other Natural ITistory Specimens,
1283, AHERN, JOHN, Muttaburra,—
nu Eggs.
288. BAIRD, J. C., Cooktown.—Case

Moths, Beetles, and Butterflies from the
ok district.

84, B Y, P., Normanton
igator’s Eggs.

265. BREWSTER, GEORGE H.,
poktown.—Skin of Carpet Snake (21 feet
ng, 19 inches wide),

280. BROWN, FRANK, Cooktown.
rophy of Marine Shells.

287. HARTMANN, CARL H., Too-
pombo.—(1) Fossil Shells from Colaroy,
d from Maryborough. (2) Fossil Coral
wok from Murray Island. (8) Fossil Shell
wk, Prince of Wales Island. (4) Fossil
nes, Darling Downs. (6) Cast of the head
the Marsupial Lion, fromthe only complete
wd discovered,

288. McNICOLL, JOHN, Dynevor
owns. —Kimu Keyra,
289. MILLMAN, HUGH, Cooktown.
New Guinea Shells,

200. QUEENSLAND COMMIB85B-
“canon Brisbane.—Dingo, or native
ve,

Ret ey ee
Queensland. 245

291.RAYMOND, PERCY A,
Mackay, — Ailigator Skin, Skull and Jaw
ntac

GROUP XIII.—MINING, ME-
TALLURGY, AND THEIR AP-
PLIANCES.

Crass 90.

Modela and Drawings of Mining Machinery
wind Toole 7”

202, MAWH, FRANCIS WALFORD,
Ravenswood,—Mining Tools,

Chass 91,
Crushing Machines.

203. A Quartz Crushing Machine or Battery,
of five heads, constructed by John Walker & Co,,
Limited, Maryborough. ill be exhibited at
work in the Queensland Court.

Crass 94,

Sections of Metalliferous Lodes and Mineral
Strata,

204. ARCHIBALD, JOHN, Gold-
warden, Ravenswood.—(1) Plan of King's
Silver Lode. (2) Plan of Black Jack Reef.

205. FARLEY, HERBERT, Stan-
thorpe.—Model of a Section of a Tin Mine

296. MAWE, FRAG., J., Ravenswood,
—(1) Plan of the Day Dawn Mine, Charters
Towers, (2) Drawings of King's Silver Lode
and Black Jack Reef, Ravenswood.

297. SHAKESPEARE, JOSEPH,
Charters Towers.—Plans of underground
Workings and Sections of Gold-bearing Lodes
at Charters Towers :—(1-6) Day Dawn Block
Mine. (7) Day Dawn P.C. Mine, (8) Craven's
Caledonian Mine, Fault, (8-11) North Queen
Mine. (12 & 18) Bonnie Dundee Mine. (14)
Victory Mine. (15) Eastward Ho! Mine,
Wyndham Reef. (16) Rainbow Mine. (17)
Broughton Consolidated Mine, Esperanza Keef.
(18) Nos. 1 and 28. W. Queen Cross Reef.
(20) Represents faces in mines situate in the
Georgetown porties of the Etheridge Gold
Field, 800 ~ “.» distant from Charters
Towers.

TAMPING and AMALGAMATING MACHINERY
GOLD AND SILVER MINES

18 A SPECIALITY OF
THE SANDYCROFT FOUNDRY and ENGINE WORKS Co,, Limited,
mndon Office.) Near CHESTER. (6, Queen Street Place,

ier

246

GROUP XIV.—WOOL.

{Norz.—In consequence of ths severe drought,
prevailing throughout the whole of the year,
the Wool Exhibits cannot be considered feir
specimens of the clips of the Colony.)

Ciass 95.

Wool—Fine Combing and Combing,
Comling, Crossbred, Coarse Wool—
in grease, in fleece, and in bale,

298. ALLAN, WILLIAM, Dalveen,
Warwick (latitude 8. 28 degrees).—(1) Bale
of Black Ewes’ Wool, 70 fleeces, about 370
days’ growth; weight, 2 ewt. 3 qrs. 17 lbs.;
sheep fed on natural grasses only; altitude,
2,800 feet ; the wool at the London galea, 1885,
brought 1s. 6\d. per pound, for the fleece all
round, in grease. (2) Combing Wool, in fleece
—Black, Dark Grey, and Light Grey; 870
days’ growth; sheep fed on natzral grasses
only. (8) Combing Wool, in fleece—one ram
and ten ewes; about 370 days’ growth; ram
partially hand-fed ; ewes fed on natural grasses
only.

299. ARMITAGE, C. A. Afton
Downs Station, Hughenden, Burke
District (latitude 8. 20 degrees 50 minutes).
—Combing Wool, in grease; common flock;
lambing ewes ; 360 days’ growth; sheep fed on
natural grasses only.

300. CHIRNSIDE, RILEY, & CoO.,
Vindex Station, Muttaburra, North
Gregory (latitude 8. 20 degrees 30 minutes).
—Combing Wool, in fleece—ewes’; 360 days’
growth; sheep grass-fed.

301. CLARK, GEORGE, East Tal-
gai, Hendon, Darling Downs (latitude
S. 28 degrees)—(1) Fine Combing Wool, in
grease—ewes’, (2) Fine Combing Wool, in
grease—ewes’; six fleeces; 365 days’ growth.
(3) Fine Combing Wool, in grease—ramw’ ; six
fleeces; 390 days’ growth,

302. DARLING DOWNS AND
WESTERN LANDS CO., Limited,
Jimbour, Dalby (latitude 8S. 27 degrees),—
(1) A fleece of strong Combing Wool, in grease—
ram; bred from a Spanish merino (Le Grand)
ram; grase-fed; under 12 months’ growth.
(2) Combing Wool, in fleece—ewes’; 365 days’
growth; five fleeces. (8) Combing Wool, in
fleece—rams’; 365 days’ growth; five fleeces,
(4) Combing Wool, in fleece—rams’; 365 days’
growth; five fleeces,

303. FANNING, NANKIVELL, &

CO., Tambo Station, Barcoo River,
Mitchell District (latitude 8S. 24 degrees),—

oe
washed,

Queensland.

Bix fleeces of Clothing Wool—ewes' ; 800;
sone. gh | yo wean Ps of By!
e a 8 uantity of soap and ¢
po used, the latter to take the j Pees
the water), afterwards hot water spouted,
sheep were grass-fed entirely in paddocks,

304. FISHER, C. B., Bllan
Darling Downs (latitude 8, 27 d
minutes).—(1) Strong Combing Wool
rams, two years old; six fleeces; 395 ¢
growth ; greasy. (2) ones Combing Wag

erino rams, two years’ old; six fleeces;
days’ growth; greasy.

805. GORE & CO., Yandilla, D
ling Downs (latitude 8. 27 de
minutes).— (1) Fine Combing Wool--e
six fleeces; 300 days’ growth; washed
spouts with Condamine River water (very «
sheep grass-fed. (2) Combing Wool —
hoggetts’; six fleeces; 315 days’ g
washed as above; sheep grass-fed.

308. HODGSON & RAMSAY, BE
Vale, Cambooya, Darling Downs (ii
tude §. 27 degrees 47 minutes).—(1) F
Combing Wool—rams’; three fleeces; aver
growth 381 days; one fleece from sheep g
ted, the others from sheep partially hand:
rams have been used for breeding purpa
(2) Fine Combing Wool—ewes’; three flee
No. 1, growth; No. 2, 380 ¢
growth; No. 8, 378 a $e growth. Nos. 2

3. Sheep grass-fed

307. MACANSH, JOHN D., Ca
ning Downs, Warwick (latitude §.
degrees 12 minutes).—(1) Fine Combing We
—breeding ewes, from Rambouillet blood; fi
of the ewes 3 years old,:and one 4 years ¢
six fleeces, weighing 75 lbs. 10 oz.; one fle
864 days’ growth, one 367 days, ono 368 d
three 469 days; sheep grass-fed. (2) F
Combing Wool — ewes’, from Ramboui
blood; six fleeces, weighing 75 lbs, 8 02,;
fleece from breeding ewe 3 years old, the oth
from maiden ewes; one fleece 360 days’ gro
one 361 days, one 367 days, three 364 d
growth; the breeding ewe was grass-fed, t
others partially hand-fed. (3) Rams’ Wor
six fleeces, weighing 94 lbs. 8 oz.; two flee
858 days’ growth, one 361 days, one 364 da
two 365 days’ growth; one grass-fed, the othe
partially hand-fed.

308. MARSHALL & SLADE, Gle

age of sheep, 14 months; partly fed on natu
grasses, partly housed; weight of _fleed
skirted as exhibited, 15 lbs, to 13 Ibs. (8) 8

Queensland. 247
; Rams’ Fleeces; 365 days’ ted ; sheep fed on indigenous grasses.
aoe partly paddock-fed, rily ‘hwo Clothing Hoggets’ Fleeces, ?

od; 16 months to2 years; weight of fleeces,
irted as exbibited, 16 Ibs. 8 oz. to 12 Ibs,
Six Fine Combing Rams’ Fleeces; 365
growth; sheep grass-fed; aged; weight
ifeeces skirted, as exhibited, 12 lbs, 12 oz. to
lbs. (5) Six Fine Combing Ewes’ Fleeces ;
Sdays’ growth; yearlings; grass-fed; weight
fleeces skirted, as exhibited, 10 lbs. 8 oz. to
Tbs. 6 oz. (6) Six Fine apace ht |
seces ; 365 days’ growth; sheep partly housed,
paoakfe weigh of fleeces skirted,
ited, 11 Ibs. to 8 Ibs. 10 oz.

09. SHANAHAN & JENNINGS,
estbrook, Darling Downs (latitude 8.
degrees 32 minutes).—(1) Six 4-tooth Ewes’
(clothing), with pieces and locks;
; 8387 days’ growth; eheep grass-fed;
weight, 49 lbs. 7 oz. (2) Six 4-tooth
os’ Fleeces (clothing), with pieces and locks ;
; 887 days’ growth; sheep grass-fed;
weight, 46 Ibs. 8 oz. (8) Six Clothing
ms’ Fleeces; 365 days’ growth; partly hand-
and, for last six months, grass-fed; total
ight, 77 Ibs. 5 oz. (4) Six Clothing Ewes’
peces; 270 days’ growth ; sheep fed on grass
ly; total weight, 44 Ibs. 2 oz.

510. STRUVER, F., Pine Creek,
ling Downs.—Maiden Merino Ewe's
bece — Combing Wool; weight, ,26 Ibs. ;
a”, length of staple, 13 inches; sheep

4

Bll. QUEENSLAND CO-OPERA-
VE PASTORAL CO., Limited,
dale, Stanthorpe (latitude 8. 28 degrees
minutes)—(1) Ten Fine Clothing Ewes’
eces, heavily skirted; 365 days’ growth;
water ap ea: sheep fed on indigenous
8. (2) Two Clothing Rams’ Fleeces,
vily skirted; 365 days’ growth; hot-water

sheep fed on indigenous graases.

Combing Ewes’ Fleeces, heavily

days’ growth; hot-water spouted; sheep fed on
indigenous grasses. (5) TwoCombing Wethers’
Fleeces, heavily skirted; 365 days’

hot-water spouted ; mop fed on i

eae (8) Four Combing Hoggets’ Fieeces,
eavily skirted; hot-water spouted; sheep fed
on indigenous grasses.

312. QUEENSLAND LAND AND
PASTORAL ASSOCIATION, Limited,
Daandine, Dar Downs (latitude 8. 27
degrees 5 minutes).—({1) Six ium Combing
Rams’ Fleeces; 351 days’ growth; sheep fed
entirely on indigenous grasses; weights, un-
skirted, 11 Ibs. 4 02, to 16 Ibe. 9 oz. ® Six
Medium Combing Hoggets’ Fleeces, skirted ;
351 days’ growth; sheep fed entirely on indi-
genous grasses; weights, unskirted, 7 Ibr. 5 oz.
to 6 lbs. 2 oz.

313. WEST, F. J., St. Helen’s, Dar-
ling Downs.—Specimens of Clip of Hoggets ;
strong combing Merino, taken promiscuously
from shearing-floors; average weight of the
whole clip of 14,000 sheep, 6 Iba, 85 oz.; fed
entirely on indigenous grasses in paddocks.

314. WESTERN QUEENSLAND
PASTORAL CO., Burenda (latitude, 8.
25 degrees 45 minutes).—Specimens of strong
Combing Merino Wool, from Burenda stad
sheep; 358 days’ growth; weights per fleece
from 13 lbs, 4 oz, down to 8 Ibs.

315. WIENHOLT, EDWARD,
Goomburra (latitude 8. 28 degrees).—Six
Crossbred Hoggets, Fleeces’ Lincoln and
Merino cross; greasy; 336 days’ growth; fed
on indigenous grasses,

heavily
skirted; 365 days’ growth; hot-water » 3
OR

QUEENSLAND.

) TROPHY of Animal Life, with scenic background. Marsupials, and Wingless Birds of the
region, as well as the very curious Ornithorhyncus paradozus, or Duck-billed Piatypus---
aremarkable type. (2.) Collection of the Birds of Flight.

Both the cases have been specially constructed of wood grown in Queensland, to

cxhibit its applicability.

Designed and arranged, and the Animals Modelled, by
RowLanp Warp, F.Z.8., 166, Piceadilly, London.

* 4
if
Ry

/

Bee Se a
tig ay

Splines

( 249 )

WESTERN AUSTRALIA.

Tus Colony embraces nearly one-third of the Australiqn Continent, comprising all that portion
westward of 129° E. longitude, and is the nearest of the Australasian groups to England, from
which it is distant 10,950 miles. Its area is over a million square miles, or about eight times
that of the United Kingdom. It possesses a population of about 33,000, principally located
within 100 miles of the sea cost.

Western Australia is a Crown Colony, the Government being administered by a Governor
appoiated by the Colonial Office, and assisted by Executive and Legislative Councils, the
Legislative Council consisting of the members of the Executive Council, with the exception of
the Colonial Treasurer, four nominees of the Governor, and sixteen elected members.

The climate is one of the most salubrious and enjoyable in the world, Even in the tropical
northern districts the heats are counterbalanced by nocturne] sea breezes. The annual
average death-rate from 1865 to 1882 was 15°13 per thousand, while that of Great Britain for
the same period was 21°55. The mean annual rainfall at Perth is 82°73 inches for the past
nine years, and the mean temperature 65° Fahrenheit. On the whole, the meteorological
conditions have been compared with those of the south of Europe.

The chief products are wool, timber, pearls and pearl-shells, lead, copper, horses, &e. The
export of wool for 1884 was estimated at £249,255; that of timber at £89,896, of which £20,960
was for sandalwood; pearla and pearl-shells, £25,312; lead ore, £4872; copper ore, £1770;
horses, £13,100. The returns of stock in the Colony showed—-horses, 37,111; cattle, 71,102;
sheep, 1,547,061; goats, 6035; pigs, 20,039. Cereals, grapes, oranges, lemons, and other fruits
grow abundantly, The vine grows luxuriantly in the southern portions of the Colony, and as
population increases, there will in all probability be a large export of wine, raisins, &c, There
are 687 acres of vineyards in the Colony. Altogether at present 79,669 acres of land are under
cultivation, the yield per acre for 1884 being,—wheat 13 bushels, barley 16 bushels, oats
18 bushels, maize 17 bushels, hay 1 toa, potatoes 8 tons. Horses, bullocks, and sheep sre
exported to Singapore. Among the timber trees are the sandalwood, occupying large forests in
the southern districts; jarrah, extending over some 14,000 miles, and largely exported to India,
South Australia, and New Zealand, recently also to England ; karri, white gum, &c. Gold has
been recently discovered in the Kimberley District in the extreme north. Copper and lead
mines have been worked for some years in the Champion Bay District.

The principal towns in the Colony and the number of their inbabitants are—Perth, about
6000; Freemantle, about 4500; Albany, about 1000: Geraldton, about 1000; York, about 800;
Bunbury, about 600; Guildford, about 600. About one-third of the entire population of the
Colony is therefore located in Perth and Fremantle. There are smaller townships scattered
throughout the Colony, viz., Northampton, Busselton, Bridgetown, Pinjarra, Beverley, Northam,
Newcastle, Gingin, Chidlow’s Well, Carnarvon, Cossack, Roebourne, Derby, Kojonup, Moorum-
bine, Rockingham, &o., &c.

Perth, the eapital of the Colony, is beautifully situated on the right bank of the Swan River
estuary, 12 miles from Fremantle, where the river debouches into the sea. A railway connects
Perth with Fremantle, the port, and York in the interior, a total length of 90 miles.

Government Schools exist all over,the Colony, and are managed by tho District Boards,

Assisted schools, by different denominations, having grants-in-aid from Colonial funds, as
Well as a school in Perth for the highcr education of boys, The amount expended on Education
for 1884 was £10,096, There is a High School for girls, under the’ direction of the Anglican

ishop, and another conducted by the Sisters of Mercy, both situated in Perth.

S os

nae

eee eS

oS PE OS Seite BS ee

HS os at ar halal ae
250 Western Australia.
i veiensinastinaininnsseidani
STATISTICS FOR 1884.
Area ofColony . ° ° “hk + 1,060,000 sq. miles
Area alienated in Fes Simple é ; ‘ . ° 2,749 sq. miles
1, Population—Males . : ° P e . 18,623
Females ° ° ° ° - i "395 $82,958
Births—Males e ‘ . ° . ° ° 564
” Females ‘ . . . . . od 100%
Deaths—Males ° e ° . ° P 459
” Females . . r) . . . oust 707
Marriages ° . . . . ° 230
2. Revenue . . ° $ ° ‘ : . £290,319
8. Expenditure . yi . ‘ A . £291,807
4. Imports . ° ‘ ° é é £521,167
5. Exports . . : ‘ . £405,693
6. Imports, value per head of population . . £15 16s, 3d,
7. Exports, P : . £12 6s, 2d.
8. Land Saleo—anicunt vealised ° ; i » £16,220
9. Guano Licenses . ‘ ° ‘ e £2,287
10. Land Revenue—Rents ‘ ; « £74,251
11. Leases and Licenses from Crown ‘in éxivtence - 148,550,986 acres
12. Land in cultivation . H ° . 79,669 acres
18, Average produce per acte-Wheat ‘ ‘ . 18 bushels
” ” Barley . . . 16 bushels
” . Oats . ‘ ° - 18 bushels
” ” Maize. . » 17 bushels
» » Hay ° . . . 1 ton
” ” Potatoes . e ° 3 tonz
14. Live Stock—Horses . ‘ ° ° ‘ ° 87,111
» Sheep . ° ‘ . - 1,547,061
” Horned Stock e : ° ° 71,102
ne Pigs . ‘ ° é ° ° 20,039
‘j Genter 2 a Coors oe ai yy 6,085
Camels . é ‘ ° : ° 27
15. Public Debt . ° - £765,000
16. Indebtedness per head of the population . - £23 4s. 3d.
17. Shipping: Inwards—Steam . é est
” ” Sailing . . ° e 111 i
* Outwards—Steam . ° : s° 1 211
$s 4 Sailing . ‘ ° ‘ 100
ea Tonnage inwards =, grt, » 227,881
PA Tonnage outwards . ° ° ° 215,005} 142886

General Exports of Western Australia during 1884.

ser CBC eee *#
eet eereeweeee®
eseeeoeese7w#weee8 ee @

ss
Sas:

; 888

Carried forward . £25,757

Articles, ' Value.
Brought forward , £25,757
Ore, Lead ‘ - 4,872
Provisions, &e. é e 7,470
Pearls . > e - 10,000
Sandalwood . - 20,960
Shells, Mother of Pearl . 15,312
Skins . ° ‘ é 699
Tallow . e . 360
Timber . ° . - 68,936
Wool ° oe e e 249,255
Miscellaneous P ° 2,072

Total value of Exports, 1884 . £405,693

RT ad paola ila ia dis

Western Australia.
Revenue and Expenditure during 10 years ending 1884.
Revenue. Expenditure, Revenue.
1815s » WITH + 169,230 1880 . - 180019 . .
1876 . 3 8=6-«—«162,189 , = :179,484 188t . « 24318 . .
1877 . e 165,412 . e 182,959 1882 2 . 250,372 . °
1878. le «168,344, + 198,243 1883. . 284,364 . .
1879. = (106,315. Se (195,812 18st. - 20319 . .
Value of Imports and Exports during the 10 years ending 1884.
Imports, Exports. Imports.
1875 . « 849,840 , « 891,217 1880 . . 353,669 . .
1876. - 886,037 . + 897,293 1ssl_ . - 404,831 , °
1877 . «+ 362,706 . ~. 878,352 1882 . . 508755 . °
187 8 . . 379,049 e oo 428,491 1883 oe o 516,846 - .
1879 ~—(«w ~S ie 407,299 . ik 447,983 1884. - 521,167 . .
Total Population in 1884.

Males, 18,623; Females, 14,335; Total, 32,958.
Birtha, 1,094; Deaths, 707; Marriages, 230.

Be Advertisemenis.

a a Et

J. C. HUMPHREYS,

IRON BUILDINGS CONTRACTOR

TO THE

Fisheries, Health, ane, ; serenuods Exhibitions ;

Appointed by H.R.H. the Prince oat Wales Builder of the whole

of the Iron Buildings for the

COLONIAL AND INDIAN EXHIBITION

THE IRON. GALLERIES AND BUILDINGS FOR SALE

AT THE CLOSE OF THE EXHIBITION.
Apply at Humphrey’s, Exhibition Office, adjoining Railway entrance, South Promenade,

Cottage, Mr. P.

Offices, 8. & P._...

Canteen, 8. & P.

Post Office ee

Indian Houses (12)

Electric Light Shed

Store Houses

Office, H. & C.

Cottage, K. & Co.

Office (Superinter.dent) ..

Cottage (Fireman’s) aes
Refreshment Room, 8. & P.
Goods Warehouse... 3

Indian and Colonial Market ..
Bombay and Burmah Trading Co.
Canadian Bee House .
Canadian Agricultural Implement "House
Chinese House, with Verandah

J. C. H.’s Office and Lecture Hall...
Blectric Light Testing House

Malta and Cyprus Building ..

Lean-to to ditto ie

National Fish Culture Association |

Ditto ditto ditto

Queensland Building vet
With Lean-to

Gatekeeper’s Office

Office, G. & Co. ...

Office, Mr. L.

Length.
. 8

. 10
12

Width.
3

10

Sides,
10

10

Heighi

N.B.—Several Chapels, Schools, Club and Reading Rooms, on Sho
at the Works, ALBERT GATE, KENSINGTON ROAD, few Doo

from the Exhibition.

The above does not include any of ~ pve Galleries or Buildings which have been sold previous
pening of the Exhibition,

ARTS.

Paintings.
1—4. TAYLOR, MRS. Campbell, Lyn-
urn, Thomas River, Western Austra-
—(1) Oil painting: Wreath of Wild Flowers
south-east coast of Western Australia (2)
Jater-Colour Painting of Orchids, gathered
00 miles east of Albany. (3) Water-Colour
ainting, containing five views of Albany
penery and four groups of wild flowers. (4)
ater-Colour Painting of Bush Homestead,
ynburn, Thomas River, portraits of seven
i prigines.

5, 6. PURNELL, MISS, Bunbury.—
) A Series of Water-Colour Paintings of the
Vild Flowers of Bunbury District. (6) A
pries of Water-Colour Paintings of the Wild
lowers of Bunbury District, mounted on
“een,

7-12, FRANKLYN, MISS, Albany.
7) Oil Painting, Red Mallock and White
essamine Creeper. (8) Two Plates, Orchids
otanically painted, ten species each. (9) Oil
winting, group of flowers. (10) Water-Colour
fainting, single spray on moss. (11) Water-
holour Painting, Eucalyptus Flowers. (12)
ater-Colour Landscape of Ord River, Kim-
rley, from a pencil drawing by Mr. EK. T.
ardman, Government Geologist.

13-31. KNIGHT, MRS, W. G., Al-
jany.—(13) Painting, Porongerup Hills and
omestead, showing the Bolganup Pass, (14)
Bainting, Millinup Pass, thirty miles north of
Ibany. (15) Painting, Tom South’s Lake,
ootanup, showing part of Stirling Range,
ghty miles from Albany. (16) Painting,
fart of Toolbarnup Hills, Stirling Range, with
tives starting on a journey. (17) Painting,
rincess Royal Harbour, Albany. (18) Paint-
g, Youle Hill, Albany. (19) Painting, Sketch
Marblup, Albany. (20) Painting, King
corge’s Sound, from Middleton Bay. (21)
ninting, Sketch of Candyup, showing the
ntrance to Oyster Harbour, Albany. (22)
inting, Elbow Island Reach, Kalgan River,
ne miles from Albany. (23) Painting, Sketch
Hay River, St. Werburgh Chapel in the dis-
nce. (24) Painting, ante Harbour and En-
nee to King River. (25) Painting, Princess
byul Harbour, and nativecamp. (26) Double
ture in Oils of proposed site of New Albany.
7) Landscape showing Mount Money Peak
d Entrance to Two Peoples Bay. (28)
mock Dunder. (29) Two Peoples Bay. (80)
bunt Gardner and Cape Vaucouver. (31)
Pair of Pencil Sketches of Albany from the

33: COOPER, MISS LOUISA, Al-
hy.—(82) A Pair of Water-Colour Drawings
% Wild Flowers (in grass tree frames). (38)

er-Colour Wreath of Wild Flowers (framed
Sandal wood).

Western Australia. 253

EDUCATION AND INSTRUC-
TION.

Photographs, Proofs, and Photolithography.

34 SURVEY DEPARTMENT. —
(84) A Series of Maps of the various districts
of the Colony.

35 MIDLAND OF WESTERN
AUSTRALIA LAND AND RAIL-
WAY SYNDICATE, Limited. — (35)
Maps, Plans, Models, Pamphlets, and Publica-
tions relating to the proposed railway and colo-
nisation scheme, together with specimens of
vegetable and mineral products of the district
through which the railway will pass.

36 WEST AUSTRALIAN LAND
COMPANY.—(36) (a) Map of Western
Australia. (b) Map of portion of the Colony.
(c) Water-Colour Sketch of a fresh-water lake
nine miles west of Albany.

36d. SAMSON, LOUIS, London.—
(36d) A Lithograph of a Sketch made by
H. Samson, of Freemantle, in 1852.

36e. SAMSON, E.—(36c) Lithograph of a
Sketch made by H. Samson, of Perth, in 1852.

Printing. °
37. TRAYLEN, W., Perth.—(87) A
Portfolio of Specimens of Printing.

33. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION.—(88) Notes on the Forest
Resources of Western Australia,

Photographs.

8a. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION.—(38a) A Collection of Pho«
tographs of various towns and works, Views of
Scenery, &c., from negatives taken by Lieut.
Dockrell, R.N., E. T. Hardman, Government
Geologist, and H. J. Johnson, Government Sur-
veyor.

ETHNOLOGY.

39, 39a. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION,—(89) Collection of Native
Weapons and Implements illustrative of the
manners and customs, mode of warfare, and
means by which the aborigines procure. their
food, collected from all parts of the Colony.
(39a) Weapons used by the natives, viz.,

Spears, Kileys (Boomerangs) Shields, &c.,
arranged as trophies. Native Skulls, Orna-
ments, &c.

BOTANICAL.

396. Specimens of various Eucalypts, with
leaves and seed vegaels, &c. Exhibited for
Botanical purposes,

i
a

I SII SESswSTCS“ nln

oo

MANUFACTURES.

Furniture, &c.

o WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION.—(40) Furniture made from
woods indigenous to the Colony, viz.: 1. Sheoak
(Casuarina). 2. Banksia. 3. Raspberry Jam
(Acacia acuminata). 4. Native Pear.

1 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION.—(41) Centre Show Case
cont. ‘ning collection of the Birds, Mammals, &c.
The woods used in the manufacture of this Show
Case are — Jarrah (Hucalyptus marginata),
Sheorak (Casuarina), Raspberry Jam (Acacia
acuminata), Banksia, Native Pear.

Ps WRIGHT, Hon. J. A., Perth—
(42) Small Table made from, and inlaid with
Colonial Woods by I’. Smith, Guildford.

43 NORRISH, J., Albany.—(48)
Small Child’s Chair, carved by a shepherd out
of the native peach wood.

43a. TRINDER, O. I., Caterham,
Surrey.—(43a) A Table made of woods in-
digenous to Western Australia, by the Western
Australian Manufacturing Co., Limited, Perth.

Carvings, &e.

44. PASSMORE, H., Albany.—-(44)
Three Carved Photograph Stands, containing
the photograph of His Excellency Sir F. N.
Broome, K.C.M.G., Governor of Western Aus-
tralia, and the Honorable Malcolm Fraser,
C.M.G., Colonial Secretary.

LEATHER WORK.
Leather and Skins, Boots, Shoes, Rugs, ce.

45 CHRISTIE, J. 8, William
Street; Perth. — (45) Cabinet containing
specimens of Boots and Shoes.

Harness, &c.

4, Abe YORK LOCAL COM-
MITTEE,—(46) Set of Cart Harness, made
by Wood and Arundel, of Colonial Leather.
(48a) Specimen of Boots and Shoes, made of
Colonial Tanned Leather, for railway navvies.

47 VICTORIAN TANNERY,
Geraldton. — (47) Specimens of Colonial
Tanned Leather, consisting of 1 sidc Bull
Leather, 1 side Kip, | side Brown Harness,
1 side Black Harness,

Western Australia.

8 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION.—(48) Six Rugs (Opossum
skins),

49. HAY, D. A., Bunbury.—(49) Rug
(Opossum skin).

50. THOMSON, A. F., Perth.—(50)
Rug (Opossum skin).

51. LOCAL COMMITTEE, Albany;
-—(651) Rug (skins of various animals).

52, PERTH LOCAL COMMITTEE
—(52) Several Rugs (Opossum skins), bush
tanned and mounted.

. WEST AUSTRALIAN COM.
MISSION.—(53) Two Native Dog Skins,
mounted.

4. YORK LOCAL COMMITTEE;
—(54) Two Emu Skins, mounted.

5 BUNBURY LOCAL COM.

MITTEE.—(55) Two Emu Skins, mounted,
56 MONGHER, C. 8S., Newcastle—
(56) Specimen of Tanned Kangaroo Skins, |
52. YORK LOCAL COMMITTEE,
—(57) Rug (Opossum). Exhibited to show
the kind of rug used by teamsters and working
men.

TEXTILE FABRICS.
Silk and Silk Fabrics.

8 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION.—(58) Two Banners made
from silk, the produce of silk worms raised in
the colony.

Lace Work, Embroidery, Wool Work. —
59. DUNN, MISS, Albany.—(60)
Cushion, Wool Work.

60. PASSMORE, H., Albany.—(60)
Wool-Work Pictures of Princess Royal Harbour,
Albany.

61. SEWELL, MISS, Guildford—
(81) Specimens of home-made Hosiery, &e.

Clocks, &c.

6ra. GALLE, JEAN, Albany.—(6l¢
One Clock,
Diving Dress.
orb. STRHEETER, E. W., London
Cossack.—-(61b) A Diving Dress, with
pareius complete. The cabinet contains sum
curious formations of coral.

BARTON & CO., WINE & SPIRIT MERCHANTS & SHIPPER

WEST END OFFICES—59, ST. JAMES’ STREET, LONDON, 8.W.

FULL PRICE LIST ON APPLICATION.

CHAMPAGNE, CLARET, PORT, SHERRY, CHABLIS, SAUTERNE, MADEIR
HOCK, MOSELLE, BURGUNDY, WHISKY, BRANDY, &c., &c.

RAW AND UNMANU-
FACTURED PRODUCTS.

roducts of the Cultivation of Forests and Trades
Relating thereto.

{F'mst Room.]

62 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN

ANUFACTURING CO., Limited,
Perth.—(62) A Trophy of Timber, com-
osed of Jarrah (Hucalyptus marginata). This
ucalypt extends over the greater portion of

he’ tree occasionally exceeds 100 ft. in height,
t rarely 150 ft. The wood has obtained
world wide celebrity; when especially
lected from hilly localities, cut while the
bp is least active, and subsequently carefully
ried, it proves impervious to the borings of the
helurs, Teredo, and Termites; it is therefore
extensive demand for jetties, piles, railway
leepers, fence posts and all kinds of under-
found work, and it ia equally important as one
tho most durable for the planking and
ames of ships. It is also much used for
boring, rafters, spars and furniture. It is
markable for its non-inflammable character.

63-63). KEANE & WHITE.—(68) A
lection of Jarrah. Cut on the reserves and
yn at the Marion Vale Saw Mills, York Road.
3a & 63b) Two Large Logs.

64. NEIL McNEIL & CO—(64) A
lection of Jarrah. Cut on the reserves and
mn at the Jarrahdale Mills.

65. DAVIES, M. C., Augusta.—(65) A
ophy of Karri (Hucalyptus diversicolor). ‘This
hber-tree grows on the humid country at avd
br Warren, Shannon, Donelly, and Gardner
ers, also as far east as Mount Many Peak, and
stward fully to Cape Lewin. This gigantic
@ has only one single rival in our Island Con-
ent, the Eucalyptus amygdalina, of South-
tern Australia, Startling accounts of mon-
specimen trees are on record, and its
ximum height is not overestimated at 400 ft.
sss, Muir measured stems 800 ft. long up to
first limb. Captain Pemberton Walcott
nd the circumference of one particularly
antic tree to be 60 ft. round the base. (Vide
om F. yon Mueller’s Forest Resources,
stern Australia.) During the past four
84 large business in this timber has been
blished. Its durability and the extra-
moary lengths obtainable have led tu its use
harbour works, jetties, &c. Out on the re-
¢s and sawn at the Karridale Mills,

DUNNE BROS.—(66) Two Sections
Aarti Timber, exhibited to show cleavage

}. VASSE LOCAL COMMITTER.—.

jomphocephala.) (See Bridge.) Cut in the
ibourhood of Vaswe. Used for shafts, naves,

About Four loads ‘Cuart, Timber (Eucalyp- A

felloes, and various implements. It is solid,
hard, and does not rend. It has come into use
for shipbuilders’ purposes and various artisans’
work. (Vide Baron F. yon Mueller, Forest
Resources.) Of late this timber has been in
request for railway wagon construction, its
toughness being of peculiar advantage for this
kind of work.

6. PERTH LOCAL COM.
MITTEE.—(68) Plank of Tuart (cut eight
years).

69, BUNBURY LOCAL COM.
MITTER.—(69) Slab Tuart.

. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION. — (70) Porch, erected of
Jamwood, and shingled with Casuarina.

rie COMMISSION OF WESTERN
AUSTRALIA.—(See Bridge.) (71) A Selec-
tion of Wandoo (Zucalyptus redunca). A smooth
barked tree and the principal white gum tree of
Western Australia, so called on account of the
hue of its bark, which on friction imparts a
white colour, and is not shining. The wood is
pale, hard, and durable, and is much used
for cart shafts, spokes, cogs, rollers, naves,
felloes, indeed for these purposes it is on the
whole regarded as the best in Western Aas-
tralia. (Baron F. von Mueller.) It is now
used in railway wagon building.
meek PERTH LOCAL Com.
TTEE.—(72) Slab of Jarrah, suitable for
counter-top. (73) An excrescence cut from a
Jarrah tree, These excrescences are yv
common, and show generally a pretty pattern
when polished. ‘They make handsome tops for
small tables.

44,76. BUNBURY LOCAL COM.
MITTEE.—(74) A Slab Jarrah cut from a
baulk which has been lying on the beach at Bun-
bury thirty-six years. This baulk has been at
times buried in sand drift, at others exposed to
wind and weather, (75) A Small Pile Jarrah,
taken from the Bunbury Jetty, of which it formed
part for twenty-two years. (76) Three pieces of
a Jarrah Fencing Post, exhibited to show the
durability of the timber. The fence was erected
by the late Mr. James Chapman in Busselton,
over thirty years ago.

77-19. CLARKSON, B. D., New-
castle.—(77) Log Wandoo (Eucalyptus re-
dunca). Cut in the Toodyay District, (78)
Log Morrel (Lucalyptus longicornis). Grows
principally near the sources of the Swan River.
This wood is remarkable for its hardness, and is
much used by wheelwrights. The leaves are
rich in oil. (79) Log Mungart.

oc.. BUNBURY IOCAL COM.
MITTE.—(79a) Log, Sheoak (Casuarina): |

80-82. DUNNE BROS.—(80) A speci-
men piece of Yate (Eucalypt:s cornuta). (81)
square piece of Yate (Hucalyptus cornuta),
(82) A Log of Red Gum (Eucalyptus calophylla).
Porongorup Ranges.

ee ep ET ee TOE Ae ee

Western Australia. 255

Ds oc all Reh 44,

a
3

256
"$3 PERTH LOCAL COM-
EE.— (88) A section of Log, Sheoak
(Casuarina).
. DUNNE BROS.-—-(84) Log, Paper
Bark (Melaleuca lewcadendron). ee

5 PERTH UtocAL COM-
'EE.—(85) Log, Paper Bark (Melaleuca
leucadendron ).

8. DUNNE BROS.—(86) Log, Paper
Bark (Melaleuca leucadendron), from Poron-
gorup Ranges.

87,88. PERTH LOCAL COM-
‘T'TEE.—(87) Block, Swamp Oak (Casu-
carina), obtainable in large quantities, and said to
be superior to Hickory for axe handles, &. (88)
A section River Banksia (Banksia verticillato).
This beautiful pale and soft wood is sought for
by joiners for furniture purposes, and is preferred
by boat builders for small boats, being very
tough and light. It can be cbtained in lengths
of 15 ft. to 20 ft. 16 in. by 16 in.

89. DUNNE BROS.—(89) A Section
River Banksia, from the Southern District.

90. YORK LOCAL COMMITTEE.
—(90) Two Slabs River Banksia, York District.

1 PERTH LOCAL COM-

ITTEH.—(91) A Slab of Raspberry Jam
(Acacia acuminata), obtainable in considerable
quantities. This specimen was cut eighteen
years ago. A small tree widely distributed
through extra tropic Western Australia, It
yields lasting fencing posts, though its scented
and hard wood should realise a good export
price for ornamenial woodwork on account of
its fragrance. (Vide Baron Von F, Mueller,

. Forest Resources of Western Australia.)

92. DUNNE BROS.—(892) Small Log
Raspberry Jam, cut in the neighbourhood of
Phillips River.

93: YORK LOCAL COMMITTEL.—
(93) A selection of Sandalwood (Santalum cyg-
norum). ‘lhe sandalwood of commerce extends
from the Great Bight to Sharks Bay. A very
lucrative export trade has for years been done
in this timber with China principally.

g a, 930. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
Cc SS1ON.—(938a) Polished specimens
of various kinds of Furniture Woods. (98b)
Four Album backs inlaid with various woods.

94. HASSELL, A. & A., Kedenup.-—

(94) Logs of Sandalwood, cut in the southern
districts (Eticup).

Western Australia.

95 VASS0 LOCAL COMMITTEE
—(95) A Trying plane of Tuart which has been
in constant use for over three years.

. PERTH LOCAL COM.
TTEE.—(96) Small plank of Native Pear,
A small tree pretty widely distributed, fur.
nishes a good furniture timber of exquisite
pattern.

He VASSE LOCAL COMMITTEE
—(97) A number of Boat Crooks from the Pep.
permint tree (Agonis flexuosa) ; can be obtained
Ne ‘any quality; much esteemed by local boat

uilders.

Id
uti CARNARVON LOCAL COM.
TTEE.—(98) A piece of Sandalwool §
grown in Carnarvon district.
2. ALBANY LOCAL COMMIT.
‘TEE.—(99) A selection of Hardwoods, Albany

Districts, White Gum, Yate, Red Gum, Banksia,
Jarrah,

10. PERTH LOCAL COM
MITTEE. — (100) Four Pieces of a Pile
(Jarrah), taken from the old Perth Causeway!
Exhibited to show its durability, it having been
in and out of water for over 40 years.

101-103. YORK LOCAL COMMIT
THE—(101) Two Flabs York Gum (Lucalyp
tus lorophleba). (102) Slabs White Wattle
(103) Two Pieces White Gum.

104. SHERATT, T., Albany.—(104
Two Pieces of a Pile which have formed part of
a jetty for over 41 years.

105. PERTH LOCAL COMMITTEE

—(105) Small Butter Keg, composed of Jarm
and Sheoak staves.

106. McKAIL, J.,
A piece of Curly Jarrah.

107, MUIR, A., Albany. — (107) Si
Silver Wattle Sticks, with creepers round them

108. DAVIES, M. C. AUGUSTA.
(108) Seventeen Crooked Walking Sticks.

Native and other Grasses, Fibrous Plants, ée.

In the earlier days of the settIlcment of th
coast country the land was comparatively freq
of scrub and richly grassed, which grew #0 hig
that animals feeding could barely be seem
Thick scrub has since overgrown the cout
and all but destroyed the original grasses; the
however quickly reappear on land which h
been cleared and fenced, and are greedily eale
by stock.

Albany. — (106

Under the direct Patronage of the British, United States, Canadian, and other Governments

JOHNSTON'S

FLUID BEEFF

One ounce of Johnston’s Fluid Beef is guaranteed to contain more real and direct nourishment
than fifty ounces of Iiebig’s or any similar Extract of Meat. One Hundred Guineas will be
forfeited if this statement can be refute

d.
EXHIBIT IN CANADIAN COURT. |
Ofics :-10, ERANITY SQUARE, TOWER HILL, LONDOM

VASSE LOCAL COMMITTEE.
108) A collection of Native Grasses from the
isse District,

10 WESTERN AUSTRALIA
OMMISSION.—(110) A collection of Na-
e Grasses, Swan District, collected by Mrs.
ad.

11-118. PERTH LOCAL COM-
n eae i 11) Specimen Broom Grass.
is grass is obtainable in large quantities, and
exhibited with the view of ascertaining its
itability for manufacturing purposes, such as
per making, &e. (112) A Quantity of Fronds
om the Zamia Palm (Oycad). (118) A package
oksia Cones. (114) A Package Blackboy
aple (Xanthorrhoea). (115) A Grass Tree in
wer, Kingee. (116) A Grass Tree in flower,
ingee. The heart of this tree is used for
triage wheel brakes, being not only durable

Nuts,

19. VICTOR, H. E.— (119) Specimen
fibrous grass from the North West Coast,

the natives.
Herbs, Roots, &e,

120-124. VABSE LOCAL COM-
TTEE.—(120) Specimen of Herb known
Carpenters’ Bitters, frequcrtly used with hops
flavouring home brewed beer. An infusion in
ater makes a valuable tonic. (121) Specimen
Herb known as Native Tea. The settlers in
e earlier days of the Colony used it medi-
nally. The taste is not unlike the ordinary

10 eat it cooked and mashed up with clay or
th. (124) Specimen of Cutash, used by
tives for food. (125) Specimen of Quandine,
ed by uatives for food. (126) Specimen of
ekard, used by natives for food.

EE,.—(127) Specimen of Shrubs and
tbs, Carnarvon District.

18PERTH LOCAL COM-
Pp TEE.--(128) Two Packets Native Tea.
Gums.

of. CORK LOCAL COMMITTEE.
129) A sample of Manna Gum, the pro-
ot of a kind of acacia. Is obtainable in large

Western

rether with a piece of rope made therefrom ,

Australia. 957

| _1. VASSE LOCAL COMMITTEE.
—(130) Five Bottles Red Gum Sap.

131 PERTH LOCAL COM-

—(181) A sample of Manna Gum.

132. DEMPSTER, C. E., Newcastle.
—(132) A sample of Arabic Gum.

132a.PERTH LOCAL COM-
MIT’ —(132a) A sample of Black Boy
Resin (Xanthorrhoea). Obtainable in large
quantities, used for tanning purposes, also for
dyeing and varnishing. ‘The aborigines make

from it a bright yellow paint with which they -

smear their bodies,

a apedbeber C. E., Newcastle.
—(133) A sample of Black Boy Resin (Xan-
thorrhoea).

13%. VASSE LOCAL COMMITTHRHE.
—(134) A sample of Black Boy Resin (Xan-
thorrhoea).

15 BUNBURY LOCAL COM-
—(135) A sample of Black Boy
Resin (Xanthorrhoea).

136. DUNNE BROS., Albany.—(136)
A sample of Black Boy Resin (Xanthorrhoea).

137,138. VASSE LOCAL COM-
i.—(137) A sample of Gum obiained
from the Eucaiyptus rostrata, the flooded gum
of the interior. Possesses astringent and tan-
hing properties. (138) A sample of Gum ob-
tained from: the Cabbage Tree. Not soluble in
water, but probably useful in making oil or
spirit varnish.
139. DUNNE BROS. Albany. —
(13) A sample of Gum obtained from the

Eucalyptus calophylla. Red gum tree, obtain-
able in large quantities.
. BUNBURY LOCAL COM-
25.—(140) A Sample of Gum obtained
from the Eucalyptus calophylla. Red gum tree,
obtainable in large quavtities.

400. LOCAL COMMITTEB,
Albany.—(140a) Sample of Red gum ob-
tained on the R. C. Glebe, Albany.

141. LLOYD, C., Toodyay.—(141) Nine
Bottles Red gam sap.

Ds DAVIES, M. C. AUGUSTA. —
(142) One Bottle Jarrah Sap. One Bottle
Karri Sap.
Fibrous and Tanning Barke
LOCAL COMMITTEE, Ruvo-

143-
burne.—(143) A Bag of Mangrove: a
used for tanning purposes. Furnishes a

dye. -A of this wood will stain the ground
pati 9; it for a considerable distance.
144 ANDERSON & GRANT,

Champion Bay.—(144) Three varieties of
Wattle Bark.

258

145. VASSE LOCAL COMMITTEE.
—(145) Specimen of aah Bark obtained from
the Paper Bark Tree (Melaleuca leucadendron).
This bark is used by the natives in building
their huts, It is extremely durable. Instances
are known where it has been used for dam and
drainage purposes in conjunction with timber,
and it has been found after many years that,
although the timber had decayed, the paper
bark was quite sound. It is impervious to
water.

1464.PERTH LOCAL COM-
#}.—(146) Specimen of Paper Bark
obtained from the Paper Bark Tree (Melateuca
leucadendron).
147, 148. LLOYD, C., Toodyay.—(147)
A*Specimen of Wattle Bark. (148) Specimen
of Manna Bark.

149. VASSE LOCAL COMMITTEE.
—(149) A Sample of Black Wattle Bark
(Acacia).

150. BUNBURY LOCAL COM-
MITTEE.—(150) Sundry samples of Black
Wattle Bark (Acacia),

irPHRTH LOCAL COM-
[ET TEE.—(161) Sundry Samples of Wattle

Barks.

752. DUNNE : BROS. Albany. —
(152) Two Samples of Tanning Bark, one
Wattle Bark and one Salmon Bark.

Tih . PERTH LOCAL COM-
MI .—(158) Sack of Banksia Bark.
(154) Sack of Wattle Bark.

155, 156. LOCAL COMMITTEE,
Newcastle. — (155) Sample Manna Bark.
(156) Sample Narker Bark.

357, DUNNE BROS., Albany.—(157)
Pe Manna Bark from Piillips River.

158, 159. LLOYD, C., Toodyay.
cb) Paaple Wattle Bark. (1659) Sample
Mauner Bark,

160. WHITFIELD, GEORGE, Too-
dyay.-—(160) Two Bundles Fibrous Plants.

Sundries.
t60c. HILLAS, G. P., Perth.—(160a)
Small Bag of Quandong Nuts (native peach).

160. SEWELL, J., York. -— (160b)
Small Bag of Quandung Nuts (native peach).

Western Australia.

161. LOCAL COMMITTER, Perth,
(161) Zamia Palm Nuts and Seeds,

PRODUCTS OF SHOOTING
HUNTING, FISHING, AND |
SPONTANEOUS PRODUCTS

162, C. G. NICOLAY, REV., Fh
mantle.—(162) A collection of edible {
preserved in spirits of wine.

163. WESTERN AUSBTRALI
COMMISSION. — (168) A Cabinet cy
taining a collection of the Fauna of Wests
Australia, collected by Mr. Webb of Albany,

I WESTERN AUSTRALI
co ISSION.— (164) A number of Pelic
Skins. These birds frequent the estuariesaloy
the coast in large numbers, and their x
yields a fine down.

165. VASSE LOCAL COMMITTE
—(165) Swan Skins. Swans are still ve
abundant, although for years mercilessly sh
down or taken alive whilst moulting. An
has, however, lately been passed making
illegal to shoot them during the close season,

166. WESTERN AUSTRALIA
COMMISSION.—(166) Twelve Swan Skin
from the Murray River.

167, YORK. LOCAL COMMITTH
—(167) Twelve Kangaroo Skins.

168. NEWCASTLE COMMITT#
—(168) Twelve Opossum Skins tanned.

169. YORK LOCAL COMMITTEE
—(169) Opossum Skins.

17o. J. CLINCH. —(170) One En
Skin.

171, 172. LOCAL COMMITT
YORK.—(171) Five Dalgite Skins (1
Five Native Cat Skins.

173, NEWCASTLE LOCAL COH

. EE.—(173) Specimens of various Bin
Eggs, collected to the eastward of Newcastle.

YORK LOCAL COMMITTEE
Sundry Emu Eggs.

wks GASGOYNE LOCAL C0
MITTEE.—(175) Sundry Emu Eggs.
VASSE LOCAL COMMIT
Sundry Emu Eggs,

_t4)

ite)

-* NORTON’S
PATENT REGISTERING TURNSTILES

Used at the Fisheries, Inventions, and Health Exhibitions, and also at the
Colonial and Indian Exhibitions, 1886.

. LE GRAND and SUTCLIFF,
SOLE MAKERS, 100, BUNEILL ROW, LONDON, E.0.

Fish Oils.
he numerous whales, sharks, porpoises,
ong, &c., which frequent the coast of Western
‘ atta all yield fine oils. There is also con-
rable trade in the Northern Coast in “ Beche
Mer.

7,178. VASSE LOCAL COMMIT-
177) A Sample of Whale Oil. (178)
is’ Oil.

Fishery Products.’
» McRAE & HARPER, — (179)
pnty-three Mother-of-Pearl Shells, weighing
wt., of exceptional size.

WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
MISSION.—(180) A Trophy of Pearl
sfrom the northern coast fisheries.

3. NORTH-WEST AUSTRALIAN
RCANTILE CO.—(181) A selection of
her-of-Pearl Shells.

. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
MMISSION. — (1862) A collection of
a8 Shells and Sponges found on the coasts
y. O. G. Nicolay).

; 5. HANCOCK, MISS SOPHIA,
—(183) Two Shells, with singular coral
pseCe.

B44. MOORE, W. D., & CO., Fre-
mtle,—(184) A Selection of Mother-of-
rl Shells from Sharks Bay.

Bs. HOWARD, EH. W.—(185) Ver-
® of a Saw Fish caught by Mr. Baaston,
, in the Gascoyne River, measuring
. 6in,, and the saw 5 ft. 5 in. long.

So. GALE, MRS., Perth. — (185a)
cimens of Coral.

BS. DOCKRELL, LIEUT., R.N.—
bb) Various Shells, Coral, &c., and Vertebree
m extraordinary fish washed on shore after a
on the 90 mile beach N.W. coast.

GRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. .
Used in Manufactures, &c., and
Household Purposes.

53. GIBNEY, THE VERY REV. M.,
par-General. — (186) Six Bottles Olive
extracted from olive by the boys at the
holic Boys’ Orphanage, Subiaco.

COLONIAL PRODUCTS.
Wot Used for Food.

Wool.

Fleeces of Wool, greasy combing Merino.

Western Australia. 259

188, ANDERSON & GRANT, Cham-
pion Bay. — (188) Six Fleeces of Wool,
greasy.

18. TAYLOR, NORRIS, Wal-
Ww g, Bunbury.—(189) Fleeces of Wool.

190. FLEAY, JAMES, Beverley. —
(190) Six Fleeces of Wool, greasy combing.

191. MARWICK, W., York. — (191)
Six Fleeces of Wool, crossbred greasy.

192, 193. SEWELL, I. & H., Hotham
River.—(192) Six Fleeces of Wool, crossbred
Merino. (198) Six Fleeces of Wool, crossbred
Merino, washed.

104 LLOYD, C., Nardic, Toodyay.
—(104) Six Fleeces of Wool, greasy crossbred
Merino.

1944. CLARKSON, B. D., Mount
eneacent, Toodyay.—(194a) Six Fleeces
of Wool.

195: DEMPSTER, A., Esperance
Bay.—(195) Six Fleeces of Wool.

196. DEMPSTER, C. H., Toodyay.
—(196) Six Fleeces of Wool.

197. LEFROY, G. & W., Gascoyne.
—(197) Six Fleeces of Wool, cross-bred,
washed.

198. GARRITY, P., & SONS, Green

ill, Eticup.— (198) Four Fleeces of Wool.

199-2000. HASSELL, A, & A., Ken-
denup. — (199) Three Fleeces of | Wool,
greasy. (200) Three Fleeces of Wool, washed.
(200a) Four Fleeces of Wool, Lambs, washed.

201- Ky CLINCH, J., Berkshire Val-
ley.—(201) Ten Fleeces of Wool, Tegs. (202)
Fifteen Fleeces of Angora Wool. (208) Fifteen
Angora Goat Skins.

20 . LOTON, 9 WwW. T.. Perth.—(20387)
Sundry Fleeces of Wool,

203). LACHY BROS., Murchison. —
(2036) Samples of Wool.

SALT.

a0 DUNNE BROS.—(204) One Bag
of Salt from Phillips River.

CHEMICALS, &c.

Aerated Waters.

20% 2050. SHERWOOD, H., Perth.—
a ) One dozen Lemonade. (205a) One
lozen Soda Water.

206-206. HERBERT, J. A., Fre-

mantle, —(206) One dozen Ginger »°

(206a) One dozen Soda Water.

(206))
One dozen Lemonade.
s 2

—*

ee in,

es

260
‘307. JOSE, W., Geraldton. — (207)
Samples ofAerated Waters,
208. HARWOOD & SMITH,
Lion Brewery, Perth.—(208) Samples of
Aerated Waters.

Was,

BUNBURY LOCAL COM-
MITTEE.—(209) One Package of Bees Wax.

210. THOMSON, A. F., Perth.—(210)
Samples of Bees Wax.

au. YORK LOCAL COMMITTEE,
—(211) Sampies of Bees Wax.

Vinegar.
212, 213. CLINCH, J., Berkshire Val-
ley.—(212) Half-dozer_ Bottles of White

Wine Vinegar. (218) Half-dozen bottles of
Mulberry Vinegar.

WHEELWRIGHTS’ WORK.

vier gh, LOCAL COMMITTEE,
York.--(214) A Selection of Woods suitable
for wheelwrights’ work. (215) A Pair of Shafts
made of York gum. (216) Specimen of Naves,
Spokes, Felloes, made trom ‘Tuart timber (Hu-
cclyptus gomphocephala).

au VASSE LOCAL COMMITTEE.
—(217) Specimen of Tuart Spokes.

CIVIL ENGINEERING, PUBLIC
WORKS, &e.

218. PUBLIC WORKS DEPART.
MENT.—(218) Models of works, constructed
of Jarrah timber.

MINING AND METALLURGY.

219-221. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
co ISSION.—(219) Cabinets contain-
inga geological collection. Vide APPENDIX.
(220) A Series of Minerals from the Wheel
Fortune Mine, Champion Bay, showing charac-
ter of lead and copper ore, with the rocks on
which they abound, arranged by the Rev. C. G.
Nicolay. (221) Specimens of Building Stone
in cubes, collected by Rev. C. G. Nicolay.

221. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION.—(221a) Geological Speci-

- mens collected by H. F. Johnson, Government

Geologist, whilst surveying Kimberley District.
AN EEE RE a ES

Western Australia.

222, 225. WESTERN AUSTRALLI
co SION.—(222) Specimens of Ga
lately discovered in the neighbourhood of
rt and Ord Rivers, Kimberley D
(223) Specimens of Gold lately discovered

the neighbourhood of the same rivers, Kir
berley District.

. HARWOOD, J. J., Fremani
Phy ) Gold Quartz from the Three Wond
ine.

225. YORK LOCAL COMMITTE
—(225) Three Blocks of Ironstone Ore fr
Coates Hill, York Road.

226. VASSE LOCAL COMMITTE#
—(226) Specimen of Ironstone Ore from Va
District.

af Mr WESTERN AUSTRALI
Co SSION. — (227) Three Specime
of Rich Copper Ore, 34 cwt., from Mess
Crowther & Mitchell’s Mine, Champion }
(228) Six Specimens of Galina from Bt, Ge
dine Mine. (229) Specimen of Rich Gs

from Badra Mine, 73 cewt.

230. GALE, J . H., Geraldton.—(2%
Specimens of Copper Ore.

231. HARDMAN, E. T.—(281) Cabine
containing Geological Specimens, collected
Mr. Hardman whilst engaged in a geologic
survey of the Kimberley District.

GRANITE & OTHER STO

292 23s: WESTERN AUSTRALIA
co ISSION.— (282) Granite Pedest
cut in the neighbourhood of York Green Mout
(288) Freestone Pedestal.

SAND.

234. MASON, C. T.. Perth—(2
Specimen of Sand taken from a cutting on
Eastern Railway, suitable for glass-making.

CLAYS AND SOILS, é&e.

23% 235 VASSE LOCAL COMM
THE.—(235) One sample of Clay called

the Aborigines Wilgcy, from which they prepa
the paint with which they smear their bol
for festivals or corroborees. (236a) A Figmt
made from above. (235b) A Specimen oti
Clay, from the neighbourhood of Vasse. im
quantities of pipe ciay are found distributed

over the colory. ;

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Maje:

SILVER HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING 3-PLATE KEYLESS HALF CHRO

METER, in massive full-sized case, strong and durable.
S STOP WATCH, in strong crystal si

£10, £12, £15, £18
SILVER

Jewelled in 13 actions.

5, £18.
KEYLESS CENTRE SECOND
Hunting or half-Hunting cases, for medical, scientific and racing men.
A strong useful Watch, £6, £7, £8, £10, £12, £10, :

For all extremes of climate this watch is invall

$-Piato lever, chronometer balan,

s, WHITFIELD, GHO., Toodyay.
36) Three Specimens of Pipe Olay: (a)
g of Pipe Olay, white, from a gully near
nildford Road ; (b) Bag of Yellow Pipe Clay,
miles 8.E. Newcastle; (c) Bag of Red Clay,
miles from Avon River, found in an isolated
8 of ironstone.
37 3p VASSE LOCAL COMMIT-
—(237) A Oollection of Clays taken
m the neighbourhood of Vasse. (287) Por-
tie made from clay, taken from a
randah laid 30 years ago.

asB. DUNNE BROS.—(238) Samples
ay

from Phillips River,

9 VASSE LOCAL COMMITTEE.
239) A Specimen or samples of Earths from
pneighbourhood of the Vasse district. The
in many parts of this district is remarkable
® producing heavy crops of potatoes, and under
ourable circumstances extraordinary yields
ve been known.

240-240. DUNNE BROS., MESSRS.—
AO) Specimens of Earth from the neighbour-
od of Oocanarup. (240a) Specimens of
rth from the neighbourhood of Porongorup
nge. (240b) Specimens of Mica Olay from
e neighbourhood of Porongorup hangs
40c) Loam from Naremalumerup.

241. ALBANY LOCAL COMMIT.

pe—(241) Specimen from R. ©, Glebe,
y:

242, TUNNY & CO., Albany. —(242)

scimen of Clay for brick-making purposes,

CEREALS.
Farinaceous Products.

243, VASSE LOCAL COMMITTEE.
») One Bushel of Wheat, grown in Vasse
strict.

244. SMITH, C. C., Moorumbine,
bverley.— (244) One Bushel of Wheat,
bwn in Beverley District.

MONGER, J. H., York.— (245)
Bushel of Wheat, grown in York District.

1.248. EDWARDS, W., York.—(247
¢ Bushel Brown Oats, grown in the district
York, (248) One *Bushel Cape Barley,
bwn in the district of York.

9. MONGER, J. H., York.—(249)
nel Cape Barley, grown in the district
rk.

». SEWELL, J., York. — (250) One
hel Rye, grown in the district of York.

. GARRITY, P., & SON, Eticup.

1) One Bushel Barley, grown in southern

a4

Western Ausiralia, 261

252, 2524. MONGER, C. 8., Toodyay.—,
(252) One Bushel Cape Barley, grown in the
Toodyay district, (252a) One Bushel Brown
Oats, grown in the Toodyay district.

253 SEWELL, J.,
Sample of Large Rye.

254, 255. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
co. SSION.—(254) One Bushel White
Oats, grown in Greenough District, Champion
Bay. (255) One Bushel Oats, grown in
Greenough District, Champion Bay.

256, 2564, WELLMAN, J., Guildford.
— (256) One Bushel White Oats, grown in
Guildford District. (2568a) One Bushel Brown
Oats, grown in Guildford District.

Peas.

257, SEWELL, J., York. —- (257)
Sample of Dwarf Pea, grown in York.

258. FAUNTLEROY, C. C., Redcliff,
Guildford.—(268) One Bushel Peas, grown
near Guildford.

250-2591. PADBURY, W., Yatheroo.—
(259) Sample of Maize, (258a) Sample of

Sorghum Sac (Planters’ Friend).

260, 261. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN
COMMISSION. — (260) 100 lbs. Flour
made from Wheat grown in Champion Bay
District by Mr. W. J. Maley. (281) 100 lbs.
Flour made from Wheat grown in Champion
Bay District by Mr. J. Clinca.

262. MARRIS, C., Toodyay. —(262)
100 lbs, of Flour,

263. GREEN, J. J.,
100 lbs. of Flour (Perth Mills).

. DEMPSTER, C. E., Newcastle.
—(264) 100 lbs. Flour.

265. TURTON, JOHN, Pheonix Mill
Co., Fremantle.—(265) 100 lbs. Flour made
from Wheat, a sample of which is shown,
together with Sharps, bran, pollard, &c.

Perth.—(268)

MEAT AND FISH.

266. LIDDELOW, JOHN, Perth.—
(266) One Cask of Salt Meat.

267. PADBURY, W., Perth. — (267)

) | One Side Bacon.

Preserved and Tinned Irish.

268. TUCKEY, MESSRS., J. & J.,
- Nae Bae ENR An assortment of Tinned

ish.

This industry is established on the Murray
Estuary, within half a mile of the sea; the
waters of the estuary and river are visited by
enormous quantities of fish of different varieties,
more especially by a description of Mullet, a
fish considered by many superior to Salmon for
tinning purposes.

York. — (258) -

262 Western Australia.

FRUIT AND VEGETABLES.
Dried Fruits.

. HERBERT, J. A. Fremantle.—
(269) Box of Raisins.

27. RUNDLE, W., Woodhall,
Toodyay.—(270) Box of Raisins.

271. ONEIL, THOMAS, Glenmore,
Toodyay.—(271) Box of Raisins.

RITT, ——, Toodyay.--(272
Pll Me Raisins. : Ram ee

. FAWOERTT, MRS., The Park,
Pin urrah.—(278) Box of Raisins.

274. BULL BROS., MESSRS., Too-
dyay.—(274) Box of Raisins.

275. HARRIS, MRS., ANN, Pin-
jarrah. —(275) Box of Raisins.

6. JOHNSON, W. G., Guildford.—
(276) Box of Raisins.

, 2770. WESTERN AUSTRALIAN

co SSTON. —- (277) Box of Raisins,

rown in the vineyard of Mr. W. G. Johnson,

fg 885. (277a) Box of Raisins, grown in Mr.
Herbert's vineyard, near Rockingham.

” CLINCH, J., Berkshire Valley.
(278) Box of Raising,

279, 280 COOPER, MRS., J., Pinjarrah.
—( 8) Box of dried Apricots. (280) Box of
dried Figs.

281. LEAKE, N. B., Mooranoppin. —
(281) Package of Zante Currants,

282. COOK, JOHN, Dundaragan, —
(282) One Box Dried Peaches.

Preserves.

inantie —(283) One dozen Grape Jam Ge
catel). (288a) One dozen Grape Jam(Muscatel).
(283b) One dozen Apple Jam. (283c) One
dozen Quince Jam. (2881) One dozen Peach
Jam. (283¢) One a Adam Fig Jam.
(283 f) One dozen Turkey Fig Jam.

284 . FAUNTLEROY, C. C., Red-
cliffe, Guildford. —(284) An assortment of
Jams. (284a) One dozen Cape Gooseberry.
(284b) One dozen Melon and Lemon. (284c)
One dozen Melon and Gooseberry.

MOORE, MI8S, The Moy
Pe 285) One dozen assorted Jams,

286. YORK LOCAL COMMI
—(286) Two bottles Fruit.

287. TUCKBY, MESSRS, J. &
Mandurah.—(287) Anassortment of Fry

Syrup.
Confectionery.

288. MITOHELL, J., Fremantls
(288) An assortment of Confectionery.

. PERTH CONFECTION:
ANY .—(289) An assortment of 0
seonlonlar,

fee, FAUNTLHROY, OC. C, RB
i Guildford,—(290) A Box of Cand
eel.

1. FAWCETT, MRS., Pinje
Park. (281) A Box of Candied Peel,

292. HARDY, KR. D., The Peninsuf
Perth.-(202) A Box of Candied Peel,

FERMENTED DRINKS.

34-295. BASTON, W.-—(293) One ¢
Re Wie, vintare 1881. Gea) One do,
White Wine (dry), vintage 1880. (295)
dozen Red Wine (Burgundy), vintage 1882.

296-298. JECKS, J., Guildford,
One dozen Pale Verdhillo, vintage 1883, from
vineyard of 0. W. Ferguson, Esq,, Caversl
(297) One dozen Muscat (Fruity), vinta @
from the vineyard of Mrs. de Burgh. (298) 0
dozen Fonteinebleau, a dark and full-bodi
wine of 1884, from the vineyard of Mr. ¢.
Ferguson.

299-3010. WAYLEN, A. R.,
Garden dill, Guildford. — (398) ;
dozen Reisling (dry, light), vintage 18
(300) One dozen dry, white wine, made fr
Sweetwater, Reisling, and Pedro grapes, vinta
1884. (801) One dozen Red Wine
bodied), vintage 1881. (801a) One dozen Bi
gundy (full-bodied), vintage 1879.

Bo HBREBURT, J. A., Fremantle
(808) Ono dozen White Wine, vintage 1888

303+ FAUNTLEROY, CG J,
cliffe, Guildford.—(303) One dozen (mn
water grape).

. HASSELL, MHSSRS., A. & A
(304) Seven bottles Reisling, vintage 1878.

SANITARY FLOORS.
HOWARD'S PATENT PARQUET,

DURABLE AND INEXPENSIVE.
25, 26, & 27, BERNERS STREET, LONDON, }

Western Australia.

(305) One dozen Wine, vintage 1884.

fe CLINCH, J., Berkshire
0 B) e dozen Wine, vintage 1878,

CORDIALS.

. JOSE, W., Geraldton, — (3807)
' rtment of Cordials.

BEERS.

NG DGC FERGUSON & MUMMHB,
HSSRA., Perth.—(308) Two dozen Porter,
anufactured from Colonial malt and ‘as-
anian hops. (808a) Two dozen Ale, manufac-
pred from Colonial malt and Tasmanian hops.

39 JONES & HALL, Stanle
Brewery, Perth.—(309) Ale, manufactur
om Colonial malt and ‘Tasmanian hops,

DRIED FLOWERS.
Pressed Dried Flowers.

31. BUNBURY, MISS, Picton
Bunbury.—(310) Books of Dried and Pressed

lowers.

31%. DUNNE, MISS, Albany.—(811)
ooks of Dried and Pressed Flowers.

2. SEWELL, MISS L., York,—
312) One Book of Dried and Pressed Flowers.

313, SEWELL, MISS, near Guild-
brd.—(318) A Collection of Seeds, &., and
Dried and Pressed Flowers.

3144. COOPER, MISS L.—(814) Two
ards Pressed Flowers.

315. SWEETING, MISS T. E., Guild-
ord.—(315) Two Books Pressed Flowers,

HONEY.

The species of bee from which this honey is
erived was imported into the Colony, within
¢ last twenty years. To such un extent have
hey multiplied that they are now to be
ound over @ very great extent of forest land
and scrub, It is reported that swarms have
been seen 150 miles to the eastward of Perth.
wing to the plentifulness of flowering trees
nd shrubs, all rich in honey, the bees are
hever at any time of the year in want of food,
nd at the extraordinary rate they are increasing
here is every probability that ere very long
lucrative pursuit may arise in the collection of

263

wild honey and wax. The climate being so
favourable, hives are robbed twica a year, Viz,
in September and February.

316. BUNBURY LOCAL COM:
MITTEE.—(316) Honey.
One dozen Bottles of Honey.

a THOMSON, A. F., Lucknow.—
(318) One dozen Bottles of Honey.

19, .- YORK LOCAL COM,

Mitrhe, — (819) Two Bottles of Wild
Honey (from the wild bevs). (819a) One Bottle
of Hive Honey.

FANCY WORK, &c.

320 . COOPER, MISS L., Albany.
+ 20) One Vase, made from grass tree, (321)
A Pair of Brackets, made from grass tree.
(8A2) One Cone Bracket.

323-325. SEWELL, MISS J., Guild-
ford.—(828) A String of Shells, coflected and
strung by a native of Beagle Bay. (824) rod |
ments in Moss Work and Flowers, &e. (826)
Various Brackets, Rings, &c. (straw work).

326. ONSLOW, MRS., Perth.—(32@)
A Necklace of Shells, collected by Migs

Princep.

SUNDRIES.
¥7. EDWARDS, K,, York. —(a27)
A Bottle co

ntaining reptiles.

328. MAYNE, CAPTAIN, Roeburne.
—(328) One Bag of Guano from one of the
Barrow Island Group.

329. BATEMAN, MESSRS., J. & VW.,
Fremantle.—(329) One Bag of Guano from
the Ibrohlas.

330. REYNOLDS, G.—(830) A Bag of
Guano (Vasse Hstuary).

33: HOLYOAK, GHORGE,
aigauen Paes (OR) Specimen of Horse
068.

332. CLINCH, J., Berkshire Vailey.
—(332) Bell Yokes.
° DAVIES, M. C., Augusta, oa
(38s A Stalactite.
334: VASSE LOCAL COMMITTHE
—(334) A Stalactite.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufactorer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.
OLD KEYLESS LEVER, in strong 18-carat crystal glass case, jewelled in 18 actions,

accurate and reliable, £10, £12, £15.
OLD KEYLESS

3-PLATE HALF CHRONOMETER, in strong 18-carat orgstal glass

pase, jewelled throughout. This watch is specially made for rough wear, aud all vaylations

of temperature. £21, £25, £30.

PURE :
GRASS,
UTTON g iit, SHEDS
ime CLOVER,

EOR NEW SALA 2.
“SUTTON'S
PURE GRASS

SEEDS

were introduced

SUTTON'S

GRASS &
GLOVER”

SEEDS

enjoy a high N rH
reputation in “aes ealand
all parts of &> years

since, and have
always given

New Zealand,
on account

of their high the. waa
percentage comet
of growth and G re a)
superiority of satisfaction.
produce.

* Samples and Prices
Post Free
on application,

Samples and Prices
Post Free
on application.

COLONISTS _-

ORD&#RING

=
~ >

A SAMPLE OF FESTUCA PRATENSIS IN A MAGNIFIED SAMPLE OF SUTTON’S CLEANED
GROWTH FROM MESSRS. SUTTON’S CLOVER SEEDS AFTER PASSING THROUGH
TRIAL HOUSE. THEIR MACHINERY.

Visitors to the Indian and Colonial Exhibition are invited to visit

Messrs. SUTTON’S SEED ESTABLISHMENT and EXPERIMENTAL
GROUNDS; distant One Hour'’s ride from Paddington Station, Great
Western Railway.

SUTTON & SONS, Royal Berks Seed Establishment, Reading, England.

.-.

NEW ZEALAND.

New ZEALAND lios in the Pacific Ocean to the south-eastward of, and at least one thousand miles
om, Australia, ‘The most northern part of New Zealand is in 34° 23’ South lat., and its moat
puthern is in 47° 19’ South lat. Extending through nearly thirteen degrees. of latitude, its
ength in a curved line through the centre of the country is more than 1,100 miles; its breadth

es, but in the broadest part it is little more than 150 miles. ‘Two islands, now best known as
he North and South Islands respectively, almost wholly constitute New Zealand; they are
pparated by a navigable strait called Cook Strait, which in its narrowest part is 12 miles across,

ind in its other parts varies from 50 to 100 miles. The total area of New Zealand is about one- .

th less than that of Great Britain and Ireland. . The area of South Island is about the same as
hat of England and Wales; and the’ North Island is about one-fourth less. The coast-line is
ver 3,000 miles, and it is indented by numerous good harbours, This two-fold insular position,

d these other maritime features, are remarkable characteristics, specially adapted and materially
pnducive to the future greatness of the country.

Captain Cook, in 1769, was, for all practical purposes, the first European discoverer of New
ealand. The Maoris, its aboriginal inhabitants, were at that time cannibals, almost wholly
gnorant cf mechanical arts, practising a rude kind of agriculture, devoid of religious belief,
xcept confused notions of good and evil demons, and addicted to savage inter-tribal warfare.
Japtain Cook planted in the country the first germ of colonisation. He successfully introduced
he pig and the potato. For thirty-seven years after his last departure, in 1777, from New
ealand, it was only known to the civilised world for the danger of its coasts, and for the ferocity
its inhabitants. The first European residents there came in 1814 to the Bay of Islands, aimost
he northern extremity of the North Island, as representatives of the English Church Missionary
ociety. From that time, for several years, there was an irregular influx of traders, whalers,
inaway sailors, and adventurers. The state of the country at that time became worse than it
as before. Anarchy and moral contamination created a pandemonium. The British Govern-
ent felt itself forced to interfere. But the previous recognition by British authorities of what
a8 called the national independence of the Maori tribes, rendered the position one of great
ifficulty. Other circumstances hastened the action of the British Government. France, it was
hought, was about to take possession of the Islands of New Zealand, and to make them probably

@ penal station. The New Zealand Company, an English association, formed with the object of
ystematic colonisation, was taking practical steps to give effect to its object in New Zealand. The

ult was that the British Government negotiated with various native chiefs for a cession of their

called) sovereignty, and, on obtaining that cession, assumed complete possession of New Zealand.
| Then, from time to time, various unconnected centres of settlement were formed. Auckland,

i the northern part of the North Island, was established by the first Governor, Captain Hobhouse,

N., in 1840, Wellington, in the southern extremity of the same island, was founded in the

me year by the New Zealand Company. New Plymouth, on the west coast of the North

and, and Nelson, in the north of the South, or Middle Island, were founded by the same Company

i@ the following year, 1841. In 1848, Otago was founded in the southern part of the South

mand by a Scotch Association; and in 1850, Canterbury, in the ceniral part of the east coast of

K e South Island, was founded by a Church of England Association. ‘The Constitution, which

| sin force in those early days, was that of Crown Colonics. The Governor, except in so far as
b was controlled by the Imperial Government, was almost despotic. In 1847, the Imperial

overnment, however, issued @ new charter, making a material change in the constitution of the

i ony. The chief features were the division of the Colony into two provinces, the appointment

Lieutenant-Governors, the granting of Provincial Representation, the appointment of a
bvernor-in-Chief, and the creation of a Colonial Parliament with a Representative Chamber.
store, however, this charter could take effect, the greater part of it was suspended ; and in 1853,
Hore the suspension ended, a new Constitution, granted in the previous year by the Imperial

liament, came into force. That Constitution was based on the popular principle, and was as

ime 28 any Colonial Constitution in the British Dominions. The Governor, a Legislative Counvil
mposed of members nominated by the Crown for life, and a House of Representatives elected by
© people on a liberal franchise, constituted the Colonial Legislature. The Colony was first

al

266 New Zealand,

divided into six provinces, each of which was allowed to have an elective Superintendent and ;
elective Provincial Council. In 1875, however, a Colonial Act was passed abolishing the whol
provincial system; and in the following year another Act was passed making provision for th
division of the Colony into counties, and for machinery for their local self-government. Th
provincial system was thus eliminated from the general scheme of the Constitution of New Zealand
but that scheme, so far as it relates to ihe general government of the Colony, still conforms to th

. leading lines as originally drawn. The whole tendency of the Imperial authorities has been,

the last thirty years, to give the Colony absolute self-government in its domestic matters.
control of native affairs, and the entire responsibility of dealing witi them, were transferred
1863 from the Imperial to the Colonial Government; and the usage of responsible government,
the English model, is in full force.

The following traditional account of the origin of the native race is from the pen of ¢
late Sir Donald McLean, once Native Minister, one of the best authorities on the subject ;~

* There is not any record as to the origin of the Maori race. Its arrival in New Zealand
according to tradition, due to an event which, from its physical possibility, and from tg
concurrent testimony of the various tribes, is probably true in its main facts.

“The tradition runs that, generations ago, a large migration took place from an island
the Pacific Ocean, to which the Maoris give the name of Hawaiki, quarrels amongst {
natives haying driven from it a chief whose canoe arrived upon the shores of New Ze
Returning to his home with a flattering description of the country he had discovered, this ¢hi
it is said, set on foot a scheme of emigration; and a fleet of large doubie-canoes started fort
new land. The names of the canoes are atill remembered; and it is related that the immigma
brought with them the kumen, the taro, seeds of the karaka tree, dogs, parrots, the pukcio,
ted-billed swamp hen, &. Strong evidence that there is truth in this reported exodus
supplied by the facts that each tribe agrees in its account of the doings of the princip
* canoes ’4that is, of the people who came in them—after their arrival in New Zealand; #
that there is also agreement in tracing from each ‘cance’ the descent of the numérous tri
which have spread over the islands. Calculations, based on the genealogical sticks kept by¢
tohungas, or priests, have been made that about twenty generations have passed since this #
gration, which would indicate the date to be about the beginning of the fifteenth century. T
position of Hawaiki is not known, but there are several islands of a somewhat similar name.”

The natives were naturally warlike. Their inter-tribal wars, before Europeans came ii
the country, were incessant ; and their customs in warfare were savage and ferocious. Cannibal
wascommon. But, as a race, they had intellectual qualities, and their minds were receptive a
capable of expansion. The first missionary, the Rev. Samuel Marsden, Célonial Chaplain tot
Governmeit of New South Wales, landed with some companions at the Bay of Islands, in N
Zealand, in 1814, and commenced mission work. Subsequently, Protestant and Roman Cathdl
Missions were established throughout the country, and, in the course of thirty or forty yeu
they effected a religious conversion of almost the whoie race. The conversion wes, no doubt
a considerable extent, nominal, but the moral and social reform effected was real and national.
1874, there was a serious relapse from Christianity among the Maoris. A new religion, calq
Hau-hau (from the sound of a frequent ejaculation in their prayers), sprung up, and W
mixture of old superstitions with a perversion of the Old Testament. It was accepted
national faith by the tribes in rebellion against the British Sovereignty ; but it almost
subsided when the rebellion came to an end, Physically, the natives are middle-sized and
formed. The skin is of an olive-brown colour, and the hair is generally black. Their voices
pleasant, and, when not under warlike excitement, their gestures are graceful and dig ni
They possess wonderful memories, and are natural orators. They have always recognised
themselves tribal tenure of land; and each tribe holds communally, among its various sect
lands, forests, cultivations, and fisheries, the respective boundaries of which are well kt
among the tribes generally.

The geographical position and physical features of the islands produce great variety
yemarkable salubrity of climate, resembling that of Great Britain, but with a drier end
elastic gimosphers, and the extremes of daily temperature only vary throughout the yet
an average of 20°, whilst London is 7° colder than the North, and 4° colder than the ®
Island of New Zealand. ‘The mean annnal temperature of the different seasons for the
Colony is, in spring 55°, in summer 63°, in autumn 57°; and in winter 48°

New Zealand. ss 267

LLL LT CL OC te | ST
» By the proper selection of soil, and with a system uf agriculture modified to suit the. great
variety of climate which necessarily prevails in a country extending over 12° of temperate lati-
tude, every variety of coreal and root crop may be successfully raised. The progress made in
agriculture has been very rapid, and the number of persons engaged in this pursuit is, +.
compared with other countries, very large, more than one in every five of the adult male population
being in this way possessed of a permanent stake in the country,

Wool is ,undoubtedly the most important production of New Zealand, its value in export
approaching nearly treble that of gold. The soil and climate of New Zealand are very suitable
for the long-woolled sheep of Great Britain who improve by the change; the length of the wool
is increased, and all its valuable properties preserved, owing doubtless to the genial climate
and absence of exposure to the extremes of an English temperature,

The early attempts to apply the freezing process for the carriage of fresh meat from South
America and Australia by using ice, or freezing mixtures of ice ar salt, failed ; but now the difficulties
povercome. Carcases of sheep are now frozen to stony hardness immediately they are slaughtered
fin New Zealand, and then carvied to the ship, and there stowed in refrigerated chambera, and thus
brought to England in the same piate of stony hardness az that originally produced, The appre-
uoiation of New Zealand frozen meat in England is steadily advancing, and the increasing facilities
ortita distribution in town and couniry, bring it to the doors of a very large num)" of consumers.
The establishment of Dairy Factories throughout the Colony is remarkably increasing, and
here is a large manufacture of cheese. Biscuits, soap, leather, breweries, bootmaking, and
oollen manufacture are also established industries. There were, in 1881, when the last census
s taken, 99 breweries, employing about 600 men, and producing about 5,000,000 gallons of
eer. The boot factories during the same year numbered 31, employing about 1,300 hands,
hd produced 280,000 pairs of boots and shoes. Six mills for woollen manufacture are now in
peration, and the amount of wool manufactured in 1884 was about 1,600,000 lbs. Other woollen
actories are,about to start, two being near completion. The building of carriages and other
shiclea, shipbuilding, the manufacture of agricultural implements, and works for machinery
nd manufacturing requisites, are vonsiderable industries. Highty-three registered steamers
ve heen built in the Colony, and, with few exeeptions, their engines were also made there.
ight iron steam dredgers, the largest being 70-horse power, and heavy cranes, one being a
)-ton travelling jib-crane, have been wholly built} by local hands. In brass and copper works
ew Zealand took all the principal prizes at the Sydney and Melbourne Exhibitions. Some
of the small industries of the Colony may be mentioned; they are, manufacture of tobacco and
igars, blacking, confectionery, paper, acrated waters, jam, essences, perfumery, and writing ink.
There are two paper mills producing brown and wrapping papers, and some printing paper.
There is abundant supply of water everywhere obtainable, Probably there is no single
@10t in either island ten miles from a permanent water supply, and the places where the distance
seven halfas much are few and far between. Bothas regards agriculture and manufactures the
mportance of this supply cannot he overrated,
Gold-mining is still in ite infancy, and only awaits the judicious application of capital for its
evelopment to a vast extent. Alluvial mining is carried over an area of about 20,000 square
miles; and that kind which is carried on in thick deposits of gravel, by means of water-runs and
gineering works, is likely to give the means of profitable employment to many persons for
ome time to come. 5
New Zealand is peculiarly situated in reference to coal; there is hardly a district in the

polony which has not brown coal. Indeed, beginning at the ranges West of Christchurch, and
bing to the Bluff, you cau searcely travel twenty miles without finding a brown coal mine. In
ue district of Auckland, from the Bay of Islands down to the Waikato, there are large deposits of
own coal. The produce of the coal mines in 1864 was approximately 10,000 tons, but it has
hqunted up to 480,831 tons in 1884. On the West Coast of the South or Middle Island, there are

lormous deposits of carboniferous land, with seams of more than twenty feet in depth, of the
nest steam ooal in the world. There is also magnificent gas coal at Greymouth. The area of
t coalfields of Westport and Grey may be said to amount to 129,000 acres. The improvements
ow in progress for affording increased railway transport and shipping facilities, will so stimulate
his industry that the output will suffice not only fora fair portion of home corsumption, but algo
t & greatly increased foreign trade. Almost every known variety of iron ore has been discovered in
ew Zealand. Various metallic ores are found, some of which are more or less worked. Fine

Scena

268 New Zealand.

Ti ch ck nian inttttendaissbbidasitnoncuiaciisansepenttachinnesnninisnsiachionsccibeiennicisiteslls
mineral oils have been also discovered. Abundant supplies of excellent stone for building purposy
and for roads are found in every part of the Colony. Natural cement stones are found quite equal in
quality to those which are burnt for the manufacture of hydraulic cement in’ Europe. The
materials for brickmaking are plentiful throughout the Colony. The clays are admirably adapto)
for the manufacture of the best kinds, and bricks may be made equal to any of British many
facture. The success of pottery works that have been established has proved the adaptability
of the fire clays and pottery clays of the Colony for the best kinds of fire-bricks, drain-pipe,
chimney-pots, tiles, and all kinds of pottery, porcelain, and terra-cotta goods.

Until the systematic colonisation of the Islands, New Zealand was very destitute of terrestrial
or animal life suitable to the wants of civilised man, the only animals being » small rat, o dq
(which had probably been introduced since the Islands were peopled by the present race), and
pigs, the produce of some animals left by Captain Cook and the navigators that succeeded him;
through the agencies of early missionaries, and by whaling ships many useful animals and plant
were then introduced. In more recent years all kinds of domestic animals, many of very high
quality, have been imported, including valuable breeds of sheep and the American llama
Domestic poultry of almost every species have also been introduced, and many species of gamé
(such as hares, pheasants, partridges, black-game, red grouse, quail, &c.), and a host of thé
smaller birds of Europe and other countries have been spread throughout the Islands. ‘ha
rivers also of New Zealand, which formerly produced only the cel and a few small salmonoid fishes
of little value, are gradually being stocked with salmon and trout, both European and American
while perch, tench, and carp have also been satisfactorily acclimatised. °

The New Zealand sec.-water fish, on the whole, resemble those which are found on the consti
between Maderia and the Bay of Biscay more than those that are caught about the north of
Scotland. Their useful variety bears favourable comparison with fish in British seas. In the
latter, out of 208 kinds, only 40 are’ considered marketable; while in New Zealand it is alread
known that, out of 192 sea fishes, there are nearly as many varieties used for food.

The total area of New Zealand is upwards of sixty-six million acres. Of this, eighteen
milhwas have been sold, or disposed of in education and other public reserves; fourteen milliony
belong to the Aborigines or to the Europeans who have purchased from them, and thirty-four
millions of Crown Lands still remain for disposal. Of the latter, fifteen millions ure open grass ot
fern country, ten millions forest, and nine millions of mountain tops, lakes, and worthless country.

The Orown Lands are administered under the authority of “The Land Act, 1885”
For convenience the Colony is divided into ten land Districts, each being under the local
direction of a Commissioner and a Land Board. The Commissioner's office is known 6s the
principal land office. In each district there is a principal land office, and in some of the large
districts one or more sub-offices. It is with these land offices the selector has to transact all
business, from the first consultation of the maps, the subsequent selection and purchase of land
to the final receipt of the Crown grant,

Crown Lands are divided into three classes, namely, Town and Village lands, Suburban lan
and Rural land. Town and suburban lands are sold by public auction, while in respect to rural lands
provision is made for their disposal in various ways so as to meet the requirements and resourt
of those who desire to become settlers. Under the Homestead system a limited acreage of land
can be obtained without payment, but subject to conditions of occupation and improvement
Under the Deferred Payment system, the payment for land is made by instalments spread over #
period of ten years, it being, however, necessary for the settler to roside on the land and to full
certain conditions of cultivation and improvement. Then again Crown Lands can be leased wit
perpetual right of renewal, thus securing to lessees the value of their improvements without
quiring to sink any capitai in the purchase of the land. Small grazing runs of not more thi
5,000 acres are also put aside and let by public auction, the upset rent ranging from 14d. tom

per acre, subject to conditions of occupation, improvement, and to right of renewal at the end ¢
the twenty-one years’ lease.

The system of land transfer, which is well known in the Australasian colonies as Wg
Torrens’ system, was established in New Zealand in 1870, The general effect of the system iy
to enable persons, acquiring possession of land by transfer, inheritance or other means, to receit
@ title thereto direct from the Crown. All lands alienated before the system was establishe
can be brought under it, provided there is a clear title to it. The system further greal
facilitates the transfer at any time of land once brought under it. In 1864 New Zealand hi

d

New Zealand. 269

population of 184,131 persons, not including those of th. Native race. In 1881 the total
pulation of the Colony, exclusive of Maoris (about 40,000) was as follows: Males, 269,605 ;
males, 220,328; total, 489,933, and on the 30th September, 1885, the population was estimated
0 he 576,234 (exclusive of Maoris), showing an increase in four and a-half years of 86,301.
Amongst the population there are people from all parts of the world, Of coloured races outside the
faoris the largest number belong to the Chinese Empire, there being in 1881 over 5,000 Chinese.

The principal religious denominations in New Zealand are the Church of England, the
Presbyterians, the Roman Catholic and Wesleyans, but many of the other principal religious
bodies known in England as Nonconformists, are also represented. There is no State Church in
ewZealand. The State, as such, has no relation to, or connection with, any religious denomina-
Bion. Accordingly, it does not give or aid religious teaching, but has established schools of its own,
n which, for at least four hours a day on five days in the week, the teaching must be purely secular.
The University of New Zealand is purely an examining body. It is empowered by Royal
barter to confer degrees, but it has no teachers in its employment. The teaching part of the
niversity work is done by affiliated institutions : namely, the University of O1>9, the Canterbury
ollege, the Auckland University College, the Nelson College, and St. John’s C.llege, Auckland.
;Pecondary Schools (Grammar or High Schools) aud Theological Colleges have been also
bstab lished in various parts of the Colony, and for the most part are affiliated to the University
wwew Zealand.

The ordinary taxation of the Colony is raised from Customs, stamps, beer duty, and property
ax, There is also a duty on gold produced in and exported from the Colony. Receipts for
ervices rendered arise from the traffic on railways which, with a very few exceptions, belong to
he Government, from postages, from telegraphs, which are also colonial property, and from fees
n judicial, registration, and other public departments. The territorial revenue is raised from land
Bales and from depasturing licenses, rents, &c. As a matter of account, the proceeds of land
es constitute by themselves what is called the land fund, and are dealt with separately, and
he proceeds of depasturing licenses, rents, &c., are treated as ordinary revenue.

The railways, of which there are about 1,500 miles open to the public, have, on the whole,
een wisely and inexpensively constructed. ‘The gauge is a narrow one, the rails being
ft. 6 ins. apart. All parts of the Colony are in telegraphic communication, and a telegraph
able connects it with Australia and all other parts of the civilised world. There are telephone
xchauges in the principal cities and telephone stations in other places.
One great advantage which New Zealand possesses is its general accessibility. A
brinightly line of first-class steamers direct connects it with England, and a monthly line
ith San Francisco, both of which lines are subsidised for carrying mails. The passage to
mid from England, without any transhipment, occupies about 45 days outward and 40 days
omeward. Kyery week steamers run between the chief ports of the Colony and Melbourne
nd Sydney in Australia. Sailing ships carry on the New Zealand trade with every part of
he globe. There is also a fine fleet of twenty-eight steamers maintaining weekly communication
vith Sydney and Melbourne, and almost daily communication with the principal New Zealand
ots, In addition, there is a monthly service between Auckland and Fiji. During the summer
honths special excursions are made to the West Coast Sounds, and there are mid-winter
xcursions to the South Sea Islands.
5 There is ample room in New Zealand for the comfortable settlement of a large industrial
opulation. The field for the judicious and profitable investment of capital is very great. At
he same time, New Zealand is not merely a country for speculators ; it offers special capabilities
br men with little or no means who are able and willing to work, and for the spread of smail
omesteads,
To say that some who go out to New Zealand fail there, is only to say that man is often
istaken, and that nothing perfect is found in this world. Again, ups and downs in the state of
pitlements in the Colony are merely the rise and fall of waves in the advancing tide. The
eral and ultimate onward march of the country is, humanly speaking, beyond doubt. Forty
pars have, in the face of enormous difficulties, changed it from a waste into thriving settlements.
4 maritime character, its position in the Pacific Ocean, ita climate, its great and manifold
sources, the distinctive nature of its colonisation, the energy of its people, and the freedom of
s institutions, are all guarantees of its great destiny in the coming time.

Taare mtr

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Bi eta, nh a TT

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&

570 Advertisements.

JOHN BLANCH & SON,
GUN MaKERS,
29 GRACECHURCH STREET, LONDON, E.C.

HSTABLISHED 1809. (Close to the Monument Station, Metropolitan Railway.)

HAMMERLESS GUINS.—The above sketch represents our latest pattern Hammerles
Gun, This gun, which can be made with top, side, or under lever, has detachable locks
automatic trigger safeiy bolt, and the tumblers are blocked until the triggers are pulled. ©
Made in three qualities, pricee from £28.

SPHCIAD CODRONTAL GUNS.—Good quality, but piain finish, with latest improvements. Price £21,

Bapross Rifles, Single and Double. Sporting Martini Rifles. Rook and Rabbit Rifles —
. Repeating Rifles. Duck Guns. evolvers by all the best Makers.

All kinds of Repairs and Alterations. High-class Second-hand Guns

®

GROUP I.

or List of Pictures shovrs in the Gallery of
the Royal Albert Hall, see p. ci.) _

Cuass 1.
Oil Paintings.

ALEXANDER, SAMUEL THOMAS.
Portrait of Maketu, a Maori.

HARRIS, MISS BH. C., Nelson.—
ainted Screen, Fan, and Two Table Tops.

LINDAUER, G.—Twelve lortraits of
aories,

PARTRIDGE, MISS BEATRICE,
stchurch.—Painting on Terra-cotta.

WILLIAMS, J., Thames.—Portrait of
ajor von Tempsky.

Cuass 2.

Various Paintings and Drawings.

CUMMINGS, MISS GORDON. —
enty-seven Sketches of New Zealand
enery,

HARRIS, MISS HE. C., Nelson.—
reen painted with New Zealand flowers.

LAISHLEY, RV. RICHARD,

ames.—Four Pencil Drawings of Maori
8,

OUTHWAITE, MISS ISA, Auck-
erat of Painted Shells, and Miscellaneous
es,

WIMPERIS, MISS M. F., Dunedin.
‘Two Screens with painted panels.

Chass 3,
Sculpture and Die Sinking.

YON & BLAIR, Lambton Quay,
ellington.—Specimens of Die-sinking.

Crass 4,
Architectur-1 Drawings.
y the following exhibitors :—
TKINS & CLARE, Wanganui.

URWELL, FREDERICK
; Invareargill.

New Zealand.

271

GRANT, THOMAS N., Burveyor-
General’s Office, Wellington.

LAMBERT, T. 8., Christchurch.
LAWSON, ROBERT A., Dunedin.
TOMBS, WM. ALLEN, Christchureh.
WALSS, N. T. H., Dunedin.

Crass 6,
Engravings and Lithographs.
By the following exhibitors :—
BLAIR, DAVID, Christchurch.
SPREAT, W. W. J., Wellington.

WILLIS, A. D., Wanganui.

GROUP II—EDUCATION AND 4
INSTRUCTION—APPARATUS
AND PROCESSES OF THE
LIBERAL ARTS.

Cuass 6,
Education of Children, Primary Instruction.

BLAIR, DAVID, Christchurch. — ig
Drawing Books.

EDUCATIONAL DHPARTMENT,
Wellington.—School Books, Reports and
Pamphilets.

Cass &

Organisation, Methods and Appliances fer
Superior Instruction,

AUCKLAND MUSHUM (T. FP.
CHEESEMAN, F.1.8., Curator). —
Collection of Marine Mollusca of New Zealand.

BROGDEN, JAMES Bri d,
Wales.—New Zealand Birds, ih.
BULLER, Dr. W. L., C.M.., F.R.8.,
De te 8 PA _ om Birds. (2)
axzica ections, illus history,
om ao a habits aA he eet race.
( ery of Portraits (by Lindaner) in
illustration of the Maori people of the esiaes
day. (4) Moa Bones and other Fossil remains.

272

CANTERBURY MUSEUM (Pro-
fessor JULIUS VON HAAST, C.M.G.,
Ph.D., F.R.8., Director).—(1) Skeletons of
Dinornis maximus, D. elephantopus, and D.
didiformis. (2) Bones of other extinct species
of birds of New Zealand. (8) Drawings, maps,
&c. (4) Skeletons of New Zealand Birds and
Reptiles. (5) Stone Implements of the Moa-
hanters and kitchen middens.

CUSTOMS, DEPARTMENT, Wel-|

lington.—Statistical Maps.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DEPART-
MENT, Wellington (JAMES HECTOR,
C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S., Director).—Geo-
logical Specimens — minerals, fossils, maps,
sections and models.

HOLLIS, EDWIN W., Thames. —
Native Chief’s Carved Wooden Mere.

ROWLEY, G. TYDELL, Morcott
Hall, Uppingham.—Moa’s Egg, unique
specimen.

MINES DEPARTMENT,

Welli
ton.—Maps, Sections, &c., of New Zealand |

Mines,

MORGAN, ROBERT, Thames. —
Greenstone Axe.

OTAGO MUSEUM (Professor T. J.
PARKER, B.8c., Director).—(1) Skele-
ton of Cartitagineous and Osseous Fishes. (2)
or agg and Invertebrate Animals of New Zca-
land.

OTAGO UNIVERSITY, Dunedin.—
A Collection of New Zealand Fishes, stuffed
and inalcohol. Eight cartilagenous and bony
skeletons of Fishes; Collections of New Zea-
land Invertebrata, Octopi, Crustacea, &c. ; Group
of Tuatura (Sphenodon punctatum, Gray), the
largest existing New Zealand reptile; Skeletons
of Lamb and of the Red Cod, disarticulated and
mounted for teaching purposes.

PAYNE, MARTIN H., Thames.—Six
Specimens of Maori Curios.

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT,
‘Wellington.—Maps, Sections, Plans, and
Models of Public Works.

MARINE MACHINERY AND STEAM VESSE

} and Passenger Steamers, aohite Tugs, Launches.
Engines. Marine an

Of all Types and Sizes.
Compound and Triple

BRERAES PATENT VALVE GHAR.
DUNCAN'S PATENT _PROPELLER and VALVE REVERSING LAUNOH ENGIN

ROSS & DUNCAN,

WHITEFIELD WORKS, GOVAN, GLASGOW.

" New Zealand.

READ, MRS. JOHN, Thames.—Cree
stone Mere.

SILVER, 8. W.,. Silverhope War
ganui.—New Zealand Birds.

SULLIVAN, PATRICK, Thames,
Maori Cloak of Peacock Feathers.

SURVEY DEPARTMENT, Welling
ton.— Maps, &c., of Surveys in New Zealand,

THOMAS, RUSSELL, CMG
London.—Two Maori Greenstone Meres,

Grass 9.

Printing and Books.

BULLER, DR. W. L., C.M.G., FR
Wellington. —Collection of Works on Ye
Zealand.

DIDSBURY, GEORGE, Governmen
Printer, Wellington. — Parliamen
Papers, Books, &c.

LYON & BLAIR, Lambton Qu:
Wellington.—Letterpress Printing.

STONE, JOHN, Dunedin.—Directori
of Dunedin and Invercargill.

‘WHITCOMBE & TOMBS, Limited
Christchurch.—Various Books.

Crass 10.

Stationery, Bookbinding, Printing, and Drwcin
Materials.

DIDSBURY, GEORGE, Gove omer
Printer, Wellington.—Account Books, §

LYON & BLAIR, Lambton Quaj
Wellington.—Bockbinding, &c.

Crass 11.

General Application of the Arts of Drawing
and Modelling.

DANWEFORD, 8., & CO., Queme
Street, Auckland. *_ Ornaments, Curios, @

a Land Boilers.

New Zealand, 278

Crass 12.
Photographie Proofs and Apparatus.

AUCKLAND INSTITUTE OF
RCHITECTS.—Photographs of Buildings
Auckland.

BARTLETT, ROBERT H., Queen
set, Auckland.—Poriraits and Views.

BOCK, ALFRED, Ponsonby, Auck-
nd. — Coloured Photographs of Wild
owers.

BURTON SBROS., Princes Street,
unedin.—(1) Photographs of New Zealand,
Tn the South Sea. (8) Coral Island.

OBB, MRS., Napier.—Photographs and
ignettes.

DOD, CHARLES E., Thames.— Thames
dfield Township in 1873.

DOUGALI:, WILLIAM, INVER-
ARGILL.—Architectural Photographs, &e.

EASTER, THEOPHILUS, Syden-
m, Christchurch.—Rooms and Objects
own in the Canterbury Museum.

FODOR, GEO. F., Dunedin.—Photo-
bphs of Prize Animals.

FOY, BROS., Thames.—Photographs of
P Thames Goldfields.

GEORGE & WALTON, Christ-
urch.—Photographs.

HART, CAMPBELL & CO., Inver-
rgiil.— Views of New Zealand.

HEMUS, CHARILES, Auckland.—
its,

rtra

INVERCARGILL, CORPORATION
F.—Street Views in Invercargill.

MARTIN, ALFRED, Wanganui.—
otographs.

S-ARTIN, JOSIAH, Auckland.—
Hascapes,

mat of all the World’s

NEW ZEALAND SHIPPING Co.,
Limited, Christchurch. — New Zealand
Ships and Scenery.

RING, JAMES, Greymouth.—Photo-
graphs. .

ROWE, JAMES, Christchurch. —
Photographs of New Zealand Pigs.

TIMARU, BOROUGH OF .—-Views of
the Town.

TRAVERS, WM. T. LOCKE, F.1..8.
Wellington.—New Zealand Scenery,

VALENTINE, G. D. PARNELL,
Auckland.— Photographs,

WANGANUI PROGRESS AND
INDUSTRIAL ASSOCIATION,—Views
of Wanganui and District,

WILLIAMS, HANWELL, Grey-
mouth.—Views of New Zealand Scenery.

WILLMOT, EDWIN, Auckland.—
Views of Auckland and District.

WHEELER, E., & SON, Christ-
church.—Views of New Zealand Scenery.

WRIGGLEWORTH & BINNS, Wel-
lington.—Portrait.

Ciass 13.
Musical Instruments.

OAKDEN & HOWELL, Dunedin,—
Pianette,

SIMPSON, ALEXANDER, West
Plain, near Invercargill.—One set High-
land Bagpipes.

WILLMETT, WILLIAM F., Auck-
land.-—Four Organ Pipes.

Cuass 14,
Medicine, Hygiene and Public Relief.
FITZGERALD, WILLIAM C., Wel-

lington.—Dried Leaves and Extract of Medi-«

cinal Plants.

buy HARVESTING MAOHINERY for any part of thy World
without first obtaining Catalogue (amongst other things) of

THE HORNSBY STEEL BINDER.

ighest Prizes, Winning last harvest in Austraha alono 16 First

Prizes out of 17, being every First Prize but eno competed for,

4.4 SPITTLEGATE IRON WORKS, GRANT
HORNSBY & SONS, Limited, SPAT EGATE TRON STREET, LONDON,

274
Cxass 16,
Maps and Googrobfeat and Cosmographical
pparatus,

BARR, GEORGE M., M., Inst. C.H.,
Dunedin.—Plan and Section of Improve-
ments of Port of Dunedin.

STONE, JOHN, Dunedin.—Maps of
Dunedin and Invercargill.

TIMARU, BOROUGH OF.—Plon of
Water Race.

GROUP III.—FURNITURE AND
ACCESSORIES.

Crass 17,
Cheap and Fancy Furniture,

AUGUST, HERMANN, Invercargill.
—Library Suite, and Red Pine Bedstead.

BERNASCONI, JOSEPH, Welling-
ton.—Inlaid Table of New Zealand Woods.

BEST, CHARLES EDWARD, Wan-
ganui.—Inlaid Occasional Table.

BULLER, DR. W. L., C.M.G., F.R.S.
—Two Inlaid Cabinets of New Zealand Woode
(G. Seuffert).

DUWEDIN IRON AND WOOD-
WARE COMPANY .—Dining and Bedroom
Suite.

BELLIS, T., Wanganui.—Fancy Table,

FLEMING, GEORGE, Nelson.—-In-
laid Chest of Drawers and Two Table Tops.

GARLICK & CRANWELL, Auck-
land.—Furniture and Sample Blocks of Wood.

JEWELL, W. H., Christchurch.—
Table Tops anc Fancy Woods

CHAS. DAY & CO., 17, Water Lane,

New Zealand.

LARGH, JAMES 8., Napier.—Wr
Table and Inlaid Table.

MASON, ROBERT, JUN., Dune
—Table Top representing Ferns.

NEW PLYMOUTH SASH

DOOR FACTORY AND TIMBERG
Limited.—One Cabinet Front.

NORRIE, WILLIAM, Aucklani
Fancy and Inlaid Furniture.

PARNELL, SAMUEL DUNG
Wellington. — Reading Desks and
Easels of New Zealand Woods.

PETHERICK, JAMES, JUN,, }
lington.—Table of New Zealand Woods,

SEUFFERT, ANTON, Aucklani
Inlaid Tables, Boxes and Cabinet.

STEWART, JAMES, Roslyn, Du
din.—Fire Screens, Fancy Tables, Boxes,
of New Zealand Woods.

WHITH, ALFRED J., Christchur
—Household Furniture. fi

Crass 20,
Pottery.

ADAMS, L.,Sydenham, Christchuy
=+Earthenware, Terra Cotta, aud Glazed Go

NEVILLE, HENRY GUY, Mil
Otago.—Common Earthenware.

NORBURY, GHORGEH, Welling
—Drain Pipes and Sanitary Goods.

Crass 24,
Goldsmiths’ and Silversmiths’ Work. &

PETERSEN, B., & CO., Christchil
—Prize Cups made of New Zealand Silvet

‘London, El

SOLE EXPORT BOTTLING AGENTS FOR THE FAMOUS

“JOHN JAMESON WHISKEY,”

The Leading DUBLIN MAKE.

VAUGHAN - JONES’

« @.T. G.”
HIGHLAND MALT WHI6K

Also, VAUGHAN-JONES’ “STANDARD?” Spirits, &c.
Sold by all Dealers throughout India, the Colonies &c,

New Zealand, 275

Oxass 25.
Bronzes, Various Art Castings, and Repoussé
Work,

BIRLEY, PETHR, Auckland. —
uechia Flowers and Leaves in Wroughtelron.

Oxass 27,
Apparatus and Processes for Heating and
Lighting,

POOLE, RICHARD, Dunedin. —
pole’s Patent Safety Apparatus for Fire
rates,

Ciass 28,
Perfumery.

MASON, JOHN & THOMAS, Auck.
md—A Collection of Perfumes, &,, Manu-
tured from Crude Materials,

Crass 29.

Leather Work, Fancy Articles, and Basket
Work.

aa STRONG, MRS, M., Dunedin.—

ture and Books of Fern.

BURTON, GEORGE K., Nelson.—

bums and Frames of New Zealand Ferns.

ELLIS, THOMAS, Wanganui.—(ol-
tion of New Zealand Ferns in Album.

SILLIES, JOHN, JUN., Dunedin.—

prving in Solid Kauri Gum.

HORBUTT, THOMAS I., Auckland.
orn Brooms and Hand Whisks.
MAXWELL, MRS. EB. B., Welling-
h.—Splash Work Curtains of Now Zealand

LUIR, SIDNEY W., Dunedin.—Fret-
k Article in Native Wood.

-LTHERICK, JAMES, JUN., Wel-
gton.— Views in Native Woods.

ENSHAW, FLORENCE. Auck-
id.—Four Ornamental Cards of Ferns.

PARKINSON & FRODSHA

Watoh, Clock and Chronometer

4 CHANGE ALLEY, CORNHILL, LONDON,
To the English and Principal Foreign Governments.

TREVETHICK, CHARLES,
lington.—Prushes and Brush Ware,

WARNER, ESTHER, M., Auckland.
—Twwo Reticulos made of Melon Seeds,

Wel.

GROUP IV,—TEXTILE FA-
BRICS, CLOTHING, AND
ACCESSORIES,

Cuass 81,

Threads and Fabrics of Flax,tHemp, &o.
FREE LIBRARY MUSEUM, Dun-
dee, —'Textile Fabrics and Thread from New
Zealand Flax,

JACKSON, MISS KATH, Blenheim.
—Two Lacewood Hats (Plagianthus betulinus).

MITA, KATARAINA (Maori

Woman), Thames.—'lwo Hats made of
Native Plant called Kie-Kie.

Crass 82.
Worsted Yarn Fabries.
MOSGIEL WOOLLEN FACTORY,
piited, Dunedin,—Worsted Yarns. and
abrics,

ZEALANDIA CARPET FACTORY,
Heathcote Valley.—Carpets,

Crass 33.
Woollen Yain Fabries.

BARBER, WM. H. teh Wellington.—
Dyed New Zealand Woollen Yarns.

KAIAPOI WOOLLEN CO., Limited,
Christehureh.—Woollen Goods.

MOSGIHL WOOLLEN FACTORY
CO., Limited, Dunedin.—Woollen Goails,

M :
Make rf,

PROLALITT HS-£A Bs. SILVER KEYLESS WATCH, and £24 20s. GOLD ‘HUNTING
KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETER, :

T 2

276 New Zealand.

DAWSON & SONS, J. H., South
land.—Specimens of Totara and Rimu,

FINDLAY CO., Limited, Dunedi
—Wooden Doors and Mantelpieces.

GOVERNMENT OF NEW Zi
LAND.—hirteen Show Cases of Nat
Woods.

HALLEY & EWING, Wellington,

r

Oxass 34,
Lace, Net, Embroidery and Trimmings.

Mantel Drape worked in Silk.

JONES, MISS J. MELITA, Nelson.—
Various pieces of Point Lace.

Cuass 87. Specimen of Joinery of New Zealand Timber,
Hosiery and Underelothing and Accessories of
Clothing. _ HOLLIS, EDWIN W., Thame

Kauri Gum,

MOSGIEL WOOLLEN CO,
Limited, Dunedin.—Hosiery and Under-
clothing.

ISAACS, EDWARD, Auckland.
Portion of Kauri Tree, showing formation
Gun.

JENNINGS, JOSEPH THOMAS,
oka Specimens of curious growth of Kau
um.

KING, G, & CO, Christchure
Canterbury.—Show Case made of seve
Native Woods.

NEW PLYMOUTH SASH AI
DOOR CO., Limited.—Samples of Timbe
and Cabinet Front.

POND, J. A, Auckland.—Fnamell
Wood.

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMEN
—Specimens of New Zealand Timbers.

REID, JOHN, & CO,, Auckland
Edible Fungus.

REYNOLDS, EDWARD B,., Auc
Jand.—Kauri Gum.

STEWART & CO., Wellington
Specimens of Joinery—New Zealand Timber

Cuiass 38,
Clothing for both Sexes,

GEORGESON & CO., Wellington.—
Four Suits of Clothing, ,

LIGHTBAND, ALLEN, & CO,,
Christchurch.—Boots and Shoes.

GROUP V.—RAW AND MANU-
FACTURED MATERIALS.

Cuass 43.

Products of the Cultivation of Forests, and of
the Trades appertaining thereto.

AIKEN, W., Wanganui. — New
Zealand Woods.

AUCKLAND TIMBER CO., Limited,
Auckland.—New Zealand Woods.

BARBER, H. P., Fort Street, Auck-
land.—Collection of Kauri Gum.

BELL, ALFRED. Hampstead.—
Ornamental Casket.

BOYD & EDWARDS, Southland.—
Red Pine Boards and Mouldings.

CAMPBELL, J. LOGAN, Auckland.
—Samples of Kauri Wood.

TAPPER, A., Invercargill.—Tim
Slabs and Mouldings.

UNION 8. 8. M. SASH AND DOO
Co., Limited, Auckland.—Sample
twelve Woods used by the Company.

WADDELL, McCLEOD, & Wig
Wellington.—Timber Doors, Table Legs,

WILDING & CO., Hawke’s Bay.
Timber, six varieties.

SPECIALLY PREPARED FoR LeaTsER. This prepar i

is being largely used in the largesé and beat Gl
: Manufactories in England and abroad for
mising the use of yolk of Egg (to the extent ks :

cent.) for softening Leather; also as a mordar
for increasing, to the extent of 59 per cent,, the depth of colour from dye woods. It algo 18 Uae
for “ puring,”” instead of the objectionable material now used.—Agents wanted every®
Sole Manufacturers: F. J. HARRISON & Co., Limited, Watling Street Works, Leicester.

Cass 45,
I.—Snorr Woon Breeps,
1.—Fine Merino.
Floeces shown by the following Exhibitors:—

BEAUMONT, R., Blenheim, Marl-
ugh,

BROWN, M. J., Rakaia, Canterbury.

CAMPBELL, ROBERT, & SONS,
aitaki, Otago.

CLARKSON, H. & W., Templeton,
anterbury.

GOULTER, CHARLES,
ury, Marlborough.

GOULTER, CYRUS, & SON, Hawkes-
ury, Marlborough.

JOHNSTON, ADAM K., Kaihiku,

Hawkes-

LANGTON, B. R., Warren Estate,
xford, Canterbury.

LYTTELTON, Hon,
anterbury.

McLEAN, R. D.,
awke’s Bay.

McRAE, G. W., Amuri, Canterbury.

‘MEINERTZHAGEN & MOORE,
apier,

PEARSON, JOSEPH. Oxford,
anterbury.

ROYSE & ANDERSON, Kereru,
wke’s Bay.

TESCHEMAKER, W. H., Maheno,
0.

Marae Kataho,

WARD, BERNARD, Brookby, Marl-
rough.

WARREN STATION, Executors of,
rd, Canterbury.

warr, JOHN, Kaihiku, Clutha,

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65

hours on a 2 cwt, bell, £100.

Ww. 9 Rakai Bs q

New Zealand, 277

2.—Combing Merino.
Fleeces shown by the following Exhibitors.

BEAUMONT, R., Blenheim, Mar.-
borough,

CAMPBELL, ROBERT, & SONS,
Waitati, Otago.

CLARKSON, H. & W., Templeton
Canterbury.

GOULTER, CYRUS & SON, Hawkes-
bury, Marlborough.

GOULTER, CHARLES, Hawkes-
bury, Marlborough.

JOHNSTON, ADAM D., Paiwatres,
Kaihiku, Otago.

MACFARLANE, D. & A., Amuri,
Canterbury.

McMASTER, A,,
Oamaru, Otago.

McRAE, G. W., Amuri, Canterbury.

PEARSON, JOSEPH, Oxford,
Canterbury.

PETER, W. L., Mount Somers,
Canterbury.

ROWLEY &
dale, Southland.

WARD, BERNARD, Brookby,
Marlborough.

WILSON, WM,
County.

Execu‘ors. of,

HAMILTON, Avon-

Hislea, Patea

Downs.
38.—South Down.
DEANS, JOHN, Riccarton, Canter-
bury.—Four Fleeces.
4.—Hampshire Down.
DUDLEY & NORTHEY, Riversdale,
Canterbury.—T wo Fleeces.
5.—Shropshire Down.

GRIGG, JOHN, Longbeach, Canter-
bury.

& 64, Cheapside, London.

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.
'R J. B’S SUNDAY WATCH, to be wound but once a weck. Lever Escapement, Chrono

meter Balance fully jewelled, in strong Silver Case, well suited for Colonial use.

SIR J. B.’S VILLAGE TURRET CLOCK,

4 ft. dial, with heavy pendulum, striking the

278

ROWLEY & HAMILTON, Avon-
dale, Southland.—Three Fleeces,

I1.—Lone Woo. Breeps.
6,.—Lincoln.

BAKER, JAMES W. I., Brookdale,
Wanganui.—Five Fleeces.

BLAIR, D. & W., Wanganui.—Five
Fleeces.

BUCHANAN, W. C., Wairarapa,
Wellington.—T'wo Fleeces.

DEANS, JOHN, Oamaru, Otago.—
Three Fleeces.

GRESSON, HON. H. B., Woodend,
Canterbury.—One Fleece.

HAIR, ROBERT, Brunswick Line,
near Wanganui.—Three Fleeces.

IVEY, W. E., Canterbury.—One Fleece.
MORGAN, JOHN, Wanganui.

QWBN & LETHBRIDGE,
gaehio, Wanganui.—One Fleece,

PASHBY, THOMAS, Kaiapoi,
Canterbury.—Skin Wool of Champion Ewe.

-RBID, JOHN, Riccarton,
bury.—Four Fleeces.

ROBHDRTSON, G. 8., Upokongaro,
Wanganui.—Five Fleeces.

STONE, JOHN, Goat Valley, Kaiiwi.

—Four Fleeces.

SUTTON, FREDK., Jacob’s Rrive,
Southland.—Four Fleeces.

THRELEELD, P. C., Flaxton,
Oanterbury.—Three Fleeces,

WALLACE, JAMES,
Auckland.—Twelve Fleeces.

WILBON, W., Hislea, Patea County.
—Four Fleeces.

Wan-

Canter-

Papatoitoi,

7 .— Leicester,

HAYDON, J. PREBBLETON,
Ganterbury.—One Fleece.

‘CLARKE’S New Patent

“FAIRY” LAMPS /

¢ i
ND “FAIRY” LIGHTS
ROR + ORNAMENTALLY + LIGHTINGS
DRAWING AND BALL ROOMS, CONSERVATORIES,
EVENING FETES, TABLE DECORATIONS, @e.

THRELKELD, P. C., Filaxton,
Canterbury.—Three Fleeces.

8.—Border Leicester.
DEANS, JOHN, Canterbury.—Ivw

Fleeces,

IVEY, W. B., Lincoin, Canterbury...
Three Fleeces.

REID, JOHN, Oamaru, Canterbury.—
Two Fleeces,
9.—Romney Marsh.

ALLEN, W. B., Wairarapa, Welling.
ton.—Three Fleeces.

BIDWILL BROTHERS, Pihautea,
Wairarapa, Wellington.—Four Fleeces,

BRAITHWAITE & ACOCKS,
Wairarapa, Wellington.

EGLINGTON, HENRY,
Hutt, Wellington.

MATTHEWS, ALFRED, Wairarapa,
Wellington.—F our Fleeces.

REID, JOHN, Oamaru, Otago.—Two
Fleeces.

Lower

10.—Cotswold.

OWEN, LETHBRIDGE, Rangitikei,
Wellington.—Three Fleeces.

Tii—Hatr Breeps,
11—

FLEMING, GEORGE ELSLEA,
Patea County.—Fleece of Merino Ewe by
Lincoln ram.

SCOTT, J., Waiwirea, Otago.—Three
Fleeces.

12.—
TAYLOR, T. & J., Waipahi, Otago.

—Three Fleeces,
13.—

IVEY, W. E., Lincoln, Canterbury.—
Three Fleeces of Merino ewe by
Leicester ram.

¥

SAMUEL CLARKE, Patent Pyramid and Fairy Lamp and Light Works,

CHILD’S HILL, LONDON; and NEWARK, NEW JERSEY,

S.A.

New Zealand. gag

16.—

SIYEY, W. E., Lincoln, Canterbury.—
ne Fleece of Merino ewe by Down ram.

ROWLEY & HAMILTON, Avon-
ale, Southland.—Two Fleeces of Merino
¢ by Shropshire Down ram.

17.—Long Wool Ewe by Down Ram.

GRESSON, HON. H. B., Woodend,
anterbury.—Ileece of half-bred ewe out
Lincoln ewe.

7.—'iceco of half-bred ram out of Leicester
e

IVEY, W. E., Lincoln, Canterbury.—
hree Fleeces of long-wool ewe by Merino ram.

OWEN & LETHBRIDGE, Wan-
pehu, Wanganui.—Three Fleeces.
IV.—Cross BrEEps.

18. Half-bred Ewe by Lincoln Ram.
BUCHANAN, W. C., Wairarapa,
Vellington.—One Fleece.

19. Half-bred Ewe by Leicester Ram.

HAYDON, J., Prebbleton. Canter-
y—One Fleece.

REID, JOHN, Merton, Otago.—Three
Heeces,
20. Half-bred Ewe by Border Leicester Ram.
IVEY, W. E., Lincoln, Canterbury
‘Three Fleeces.

23. Half-bred Ewes by Down Rams.
DUDLEY & NORTHEY, Tinwald,
lanterbury.—T'wo Fleeces.

IVEY, W. E., Lincoln, Canterbury.
One Fleece.
24. Cross-bred Ewes by Down Rams.

DEANS, JOHN, Riccarton, Canter-
ury.--One Fleece.

GRIGG, JOHN, Longbeach, Canter-

MORGAN, JOHN, Wanganui.—Two
Flu: ces.

25. Cross-bred Ewes by Long Wool Rams.

BLAIR, D. & W.,, Wanganui.—Six
Fleeces.

BUCHANAN, W. C., Wairarapa
Wellington.—T wo Fleeces.

IVEY, W. E., Lincoln, Canterbury.
—Three Fleeces,

TANCRED, H. G., Wairarapa, Wel-
lington.—Two Fleeces,

V.—Crosses BACK TOWARDS MzRINO,
26. Half-bred Ewe by Merino Ram.

ELLIS, THOS., Goat Valley, Wan-
ganui.—Two Fleeces.

27. Cross-bred Ewes by Merino Rams.

BUCHANAN, W. C., Wairarapa,
Wellington.—Six Fleeces.

COURAGE, FRANK, Amberley
Canterbury.—One Fleece.

IVEY, W. E., Lincoln, Canterbury.
—Three Fleeces.

THULKELD, PeC., Flaxton, Canter-
bury.—One Bale of Leicester Wool.

Cuass 44.

Products, and Hunting, Shooting, Fishing, and
Spontaneous Products: Machines and In-
struments connected therewith.

FOSELLA, MARCO, Wellington. —
res Shells (Haliotis Iris), Ornaments, and
harms.

GEAR MEAT PRESERVING AND
FREEZING CoO. OF NEW ZEALAND,
Limited, Wellington. -— Bullock’s Horns,
Hoofs, Bones, &c.

JENNINGS, EDWARD, Dunedin.—
Stuffed Birds.

LIARDET, HECTOR BE. Welling-
ton.—New Zealand Birds, Feather Muffs, &c.

BASY CHAIRS & SOP AS,

By HOWARD & SONS, 25 BERNERS ST.,

FOR HOME OR

THE COLONIES,

280 New Zealand.
REISCHEK, ANDREW, Auck- ROBSON, Te Aroha.—Mineral V,

J i ee

land.—Kiwis, Kakapos, Tuataras, &c. from Te Aroha hot springs.
5 SMYTH, WILLIAM, Dunedin.—| WASHBOURN, R. J. + & SOD
Stuffed Birds. Nelson.—Paints.
SPARKES, WILLIAM, Christ-
church.—Stuffed Birds. - Crass 48.
; C ‘45 Leather and Skins.
cara a LIGHTBAND, ALLEN, &
Agricultural Products not used for Food. Christchurch.—Leather of various kinds,

CHINNERY, CHARLES, Rangiora.

—Dressed Native Flax Fibre. CHAELIS, HALL TEL,

FARQUHAR, Dunedin.— Crop Leather

: GEAR MEAT PRESERVING AND| WILSON, TAINE, & CO, In
is FREEZING COMPANY OF NEW | cargill._—Two Dozen Winter-rabbit Skin
ZEALAND, Limited, Wellington. —

: Tallow, Beef, Oil, &c.

‘ GLEDHILL & THOMPSON, Mar!l- +
borough.—Dressed New Zealand Flax Fibre.

: HOLMES & BELL, Blenheim. — GROUP VI.
y Dressed Flax Fibre.
; Crass 49.
ik Sg ry Fett » Hawke's Bay. Agricultural Implements and Processes used

the Cultivation of Field and Forest.
WEBBER, WILLIAM, New Ply-

mouth. — Rope and Twine, made from New| GEAR MEAT PRESERVING Am

Zealand flax. FREEZING CO. OF NEW ZEALANI
Limited, Wellington.—Bone Dust &
Cass 46. ples.

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products. LOCK BROS., Nelson.—Bone Dust

CASSON & CO., George Street, Dune- AM
din.—The Invincible Cleanser and Washing MACKAY, JAMES TERTIUS, i

Fluid. son.—Apparatus used in Wire Fencing.

EHRENFRIED BROS. Auckland.|. MACKAY & CO., Dunedin.—Bat
é —Mineral Wator from Puriri, Thames, Auck- | Wire. 4
EL land. MURRAY, WILLIAM A, Aud
GRAYLING, WILLIAM I, New) land.—Wire Strainer, Horseshoe, and ht
Plymouth. — Alkaloid, and Extracts from | Cultivator.

New Zealand Trees. NEW ZEALAND FROZEN ME
HJORTH & CO., Horatio, Auckland. | AND STORAGE CO., Limited, Aud

—Fancy Toilet Soaps. land.—Guano and Bone Manure.
KITCHEN ({& SONS’ MANUFAC-
TURING CO., Limited, Wellington.— Crass 50.

Specimens of Candles and Soap. : :
Apparatus and Processes used in Agricali
NEW ZEALAND FROZEN MEAT Works, and in Works for the Preparat
AND STORAGE CO., Limited, Auck- Food.
land.—Sulphuric Acid, Superphosphate of

\, Lime, Sulphate of Ammonia, ELLIS, THOMAS, Wanganui.—(h

The Archbis ops an. Bishops of the Church oi England, and many eminent Cleorgymen and Ministers, concur in recommel

OXFORD BIBLE FOR TEACHERS.

THE ADDITIONAL MATTER has been carefully revised and enlarged from time to time by the Bishop of Chay
Archdeacon Palmer, Dr. Angus, and other eminent Scholars, The scientific information was prepared under the
vision of Professors Rolleston, Westwood, Lawson, and Earle, names oi the highest authority in their several de :

The Vimes, Dec. 23, 1884.‘ The whole has been done with The Pall Mall Gazette, Dec. 20, 1884.—" Everly
admirable compicteness.” student knows them to be the best collection of Biblical infor
The Guardian.—A perfect library in Notes, Tablesand Maps.” | ever brought together in so small a compass.” 1

SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS.
Loxpoxn: HENRY FROWDE, Oxford University Press Warehouse, Amen Corner, E.C. §

New Zealand. 281
Crass 52, Cuass 61.

i
Machines and Apparatus in general. Harness and Saddlery.
ASHCROFT, GEORGE, Wellington.| CHU CK, JOSEPH A., Blenheim.—
Quartz Crushing and Gold-saving Machine. | Colonial Cart, Cab, and Buggy, Collars.

BURT, A. T., Dunedin.—Brass and SEXTON, JAMES, Wellington, —

opper Manufactures. Assorted Horseshoes.
HARGREAVES, THOMAS, Nelson.|} SOUTHLAND AGRICULTURAL
Model of Wave Power.

AND PASTORAL ASSOCIATION,
Invercargill.—Horseshoes and Shod Feet.

WIGGINS, WILLIAM, Wellington.

MARTIN, WIJ.LIAM, near Omaru.
Wel! Cover, Water Bucket, and Tank.

HOWLAND, ABIEL G., Christ-

ALLEN & CO., RICHARD, Ti-
urch.—Princess Pheton.

maru.—Flour.

SIEWART, J. & W., Duneu.r—
ngle Side-bar Buggy.

BAKER, JAS. W., Wangaehu, baie: wi
Samples of Wheat, Oats, and Linseed.

POWNALL, CHARLES J.-—Improved | O°" Harness.
achine for Manipulating Vegetable Fibre.
Cass 62,
ZEALAND IRON AND
EEL CO., Auckland.—Samples of Iron, Railway Apparatus.
nd articles manufactured from it. FLETCHER, R. B., & Co., Dunedin.
—Model Electric Tramcar.
Crass 53.
pparatus and Processes usedin Paper Making Crass 64.
Dyeing, and Printing. Apparatus and Processes of Civil Engineering,
DIDSBURY, GEORGE (Government Public Works, and Architecture.
rinter), Wellington.—Electrotypes, Stereo- SCHAW, RUTHEFORD, & CO.,
pes, and Printers’ Leads. Auckland.—Cement and Concrete.
Crass 59, Crass 65.
achines, Instruments and Processes used in For Navigation and Lije-Saving.
owes NEW ZEALAND SHIPPING CO,,
JENKINS, THOMAS CLARKE, | Limited, Christchurch.—Model of one
Vellington.—Check Billiard Marker. of the Direct Steam Vessels to and from New
PARKER, JOHN HENRY, New | “#4
symouth.—Automatic Fire Apparatus and| PLIMMER, ISAAC, Wellington.—
fe-protector. Model Steamer, with new method of propelling
and steaming.
Crass 60. | ot ey
Carvicges and Wheelwrights’ Work. GROUP VII.—ALIMENTARY
BERG, JOHN ADAM, Ashburton.— PRODUCTS.
tent Carriage Shaft and Pole Attachment. Cass 67.
BCOUSINS & ATKINS, Auckland.— | Cereals, Farinaccous Products, and Produets
7 Glass Landau of New Zealand Timber. derived from them.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
| Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

PLD KEYLESS CHRONOGRAPH, with fly-back seconds hand, 3-plate half-chrono-

fag meter, jewelled in 13 actions. In massive 18-carat Hunting, Half-Hunting or crystal glass vases, Specially made
me for hunting and rough wear, £20, £26, £30 to £50.
These Watches register the seconds and fifths of a second.

a ecg eh SAE RS
p yee
nace eget 1a tn et"

Bee met pa gheyy
Be ee sete

Se ee

q
Do
‘
‘
4
4
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6

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&

A

BRUCE & OCO., Limited, Royal
Ficuring Mills, Timaru.—Flour.

CANTERBURY ASSOCIATION.—
Grasses and Cereals on the Stem.

COMMON, SHELTON, & CO. Gis-
borne.—Barley, Maize, and various Grass

ELLIS, THOMAS, Wanganui.—Sam-
ple of Buckwheat.

FELL BROS. & CO., Blenheim.—
Pale Malt, prepared from native barley.

GERSE, JOHN J., near Wanganui.—
Smeolina, Corn Flour, Wheat Meal, Starch, and
Dextrine.

HOLMES & BELL, Blenheim. —
Wheat, Barley, Oats, and Dressed Flax.

IVEY, W. E., School of Agriculture,
Lincoln, Canterbury. — Wheat, Barley,
Oats, Peas, Beans, and Linseed.

KING, GHEORGHE, & CO., Riccarton,
Canterbury. Samples of various kinds of
Wheat, Oats, and Rye-grass.

LOCH BROTHERS, Nelson.—Speci-
mens of Grain.

NEW ZEALAND FARMERS’ CO-
OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION OF
CANTERBURY, Limited, Christ-
church, — Samples of Mangel Seed, Peas,
Beans, Tares, Oats, Wheat, and various Grasses,

NEW ZEALAND LOAN & MER-
CANTILE AGENCY CO.—Wheat, Oats,
Barley, Peas, Beans, Vetches, Linseed, Ooltsfoot,
and Rye-grass.

PANNELL, GEORGH, Steam Flour
Mill, Addington, Christchurch.—Flour.

SOUTHLAND AGRICULTURAL &
PASTORAL ASSOCIATION, Inver-
cargill.—Samples of Wheat, Oats, and Barley.

SUTTON, FREDK., & co., Thorn-
bury, Southland.—Timothy and Italian Rye-

grass Seeds

WILKIN, R., & CO., Christchurch.—
Twelve varieties of Grass Seeds,

282 New Zealand.

Crass 68,
Bread and Pastry.
LAMB, JOHN, Auckland.—Biscuits,

NEWBURY,
Dunedin.—Biscuits.

WELLINGTON re adap & CON:

Biscuits.

PHILIP JAMRBS,

Crass 69.

Fatty Substances, used as Food—Milk and
Eggs.
ASHBURTON CHEESE & BACON
FACTORY, CO., Limited.—Cheese,

‘CANDY, C.B., Christchurch.—Cheew,

GOODWIN, JAMES, Pigeon Bay,
Canterbury.—Cheese.

MOORE, FREDERICK ALFRBD,
Wellington.—Solid Soup in Skins.

NEW ZEALAND FROZEN (MEAT
oe CO., Limited, Auckland.
— Butter.

TARATAHI DAIRY CO., Limited,
Wellington.—Cheese.

TE AWAMUTU
TORY.—Cheese.

TEMUKA BUTTER, CHEESE, &
BACON CURING FACTORY C0,
Limited.—Cheese.

WAIKATO CHEESE & BACON
FACTORY CO., Hamilton. — Eight
Cheeses.

WYNDHAM DAIRY FACTORY,
Invercargill.—Cheese.

CHEESE FAC.

Crass 70.
Meat and Fish

BUTCHER, JOHN, Thames,
dozen Tinned Eels.

BWING & CO,,
Mullet in Tins.

Auckland.—

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

——

RAILWAY GUARDS’ WATCHES, in extra massive nickel or silver cases.

strong and perfectly reliable Watch, lever movement, jewelled throughout, keyless action,

An excocdidgly
af supplied to rail

companies at home and abroad. Nickel cases, £3, Silver do,, £5.

New Zealand. 283
sittin asain alas abasdiabdsamns.niiiamsaattine
FERNANDOS, FOL OLAS, Wel- :

ngton.—Preserved Fis Cass 72,

Condiments and Stimulants; Sugar and
GEAR MEAT PRESERVING & :
REEZING CO. OF NEW ZEALAND, Confectionery.

Vellington.—Meat, Soup, and Fish.

GREEN, THOMAS H., Christchurch,
Hams and Bacon.

HB) ABY, R. & W., Auckland,—-.
eserved Meats and Soups.

HOLMES & BELL, Blenheim.—Pre-
ved Rabbits and Fish.

McDONALD & MILLER, Otago.—
ms and Bacon.

MITCHELL & RICHARDS, Wan-
nui.—Preserved Meats and Soups,

ITCHELI:, JOHN, & CO., Inver-
rgill.—T'wo cases Stewart Island Canned

BELOE, W. L, Auckland.—Comb
Honey.

CREASE, E. H., Wellington.—Coffee,
Spice, Baking Powders, &c.

DALY & PERRETT, Waikato,
A.uckland.—Honey.

DIXON, MRS. GEORGE, Welling-
ton.—Aerated Waters and Cordials,

GORDON, F. M,, Oamaru.—Sauces,
Pickles, &c.

; HOLLARD BROS, Wellington.—
am.

HUDSON & CO., R., Dunedin.—Choco-
late and Cocoa Preparations.

KIRKPATRICK, 8., & CO., Nelson.—
YEW ZEALAND FROZEN MEAT Jams and Sauces. ~ :

STORAGE Co., Limited, Auckland.
Preserved Fish, Meats, and Soups. ‘ LEES & CO., Auckland.—Worcester
auce.

aa NERY PROS. Stowart Island, MACKENZIE & CO., Auckland.~
Tomato Sauce.

NEW ZEALAND PICKLE & PRE-
SERVING CO., Christchurch.—Pickles.

STEVENSON, GEORGE, Gisborne.
—Honey.

STRANG, DAVID, Invercargill.—
Coffee, Pepper, and Spices.

THOMSON & CO,, Dunedin.—Aerate
Waters, Cordials, and Liqueurs.

WELLINGTON BISCUIT & CON-
FECTIONERY CO., Wellington.—Con-

fectionery.

ROWE, JAMES, Christchurch.—

ms and Bacon.

;CHOOL OF AGRICULTURE, Lin-
no, Canterbury.—Hams and Bacon.

HOMSON BROS., Port Chalmers.
nned Fish.

VELLINGTON MEAT PRESERV-
¢ & REFRIGERATING Cco.,
nited, Wellington.—Meats and Soups.

Cass 71,
Vegetables and Fruit,
ORDON, F, M, Oamaru.—Preserved Crass 73,
* Fermented Drinks,

OLMES & BELL, Blenheim.—Pre- | BLUNCK, DIEDRICH, Hokitika.—

ed Fruit and Vegetables. Pure Fruit Wines.
NIGHT, MRS. H. D., New Ply-| BHRENFRIED BROS., Auckiand.—
ith. Bottled Fruit. Ale and Stout.

RRA TU Ce as THE NEW ZEALAND MEAT TRADE
LS0N BROTHERS, LIMITED, wit m-narrr so snow tere :
REFRIGERATING Srors,
‘SITUATE UNDERNEATH CANNON STREET RAILWAY STATION, |
. Upon presentation of card at the Offices of the Company, 15, Dowgate Hill, Cannon Street, E.C.
Reieeshe pment teacertste int tected Bale Reins, ico

NELSON BROTHERS, Limited have aipeady imported
OVER A QUARTER MILLION N. Z. SHEEP,

284

FRANTS, FRANCIS,
Auckland.—Ale.

JOEL, MAURICE, Dunedin.—Beer :
Three Barrels and one case.

SCARLETT, & CO., Christchurch.—
Two Barrels of Ale.

SOLER, JOSEPH, Wanganui.—
Assorted Wines.

SPEIGHT, JAMES, & CO., Dunedin.
—Three Barrels of Ale.

STRACHAN, WILLIAM, Dunedin.
—Four Barrels of Ale.

_ VINCENT & CO., Christchurch.—
T'wo Barrels of Ale.

Temuker,

GROUP IX.—HORTICULTURE.
Crass 76.
Flowers and Ornamental Plante.
ENYS, JOHN D., Canterbury.—Raou-

lia, or Vegetable Sheep.
Crass 78.

Fruit and Fruit Trees.

Specimens of Fruit by the following
Exhibitors :—

AUCKLAND GARDENERS’ HOR-
TICULTURAL SOCIETY.

BEECROFT & SONS, Auckland.
BELOE, W. L., Auckland.
DAWSON, BENJAMIN, Auckland.
DUNNING BROS., Christchurch.
GUBB, B. MARTIN, Auckland.
HOBBS, RICHARD, Auckland.
MATTHEW, J. E., Auckland.
MORRIN, SAMUEL, Auckland.

WHANGAREI FRUIT GROWERS,
Auckland.

New Zealand.

Crass 79.
Seeds and Saplings of Forest Trees,

WREN, CHARLES T., Auckland
Specimen of Trees,

GROUP X.—MINING INDUS
TRIES, MACHINERY, A
PRODUCTS.

Cuiass 81.

Apparatus and Process of the Art of Mining «
Metallurgy.

MINISTER OF MINES.—Maps, 8
tions, and Models of New Zealand Mines, &.

THAMES COMMITTEE.—Map of
Thames and Coromandel Goldfields.

Crass 82.
Mining and Metallurgy.

ALLOM, ALBERT JAMES PAR&
WAI, Thames.—Crude and Concentrat
Battery Tailings.

BANK OF NEW ZEALAND, Auch
land.—Specimens of Gold and Quartz fm
Various Districts. 7

BARCLAY, THOMAS HENR}
Thames.—Iron Pyrites, containing Gold.

BAYFIELD, A. D., Nelson.—Vari
Minerals, Soils, and Fossils.

BLACKMORE GOLD MINI
CO., Manaia, Coromandel. — Aurifer
Quartz.

CAMBRIA GOLD MINING
Limited, Thames.—Auriferous Quartz.

CAMERON, MAURICE P., Feath
stone Street, Wellington.—Tin and Jap
ned Wares. ,

CHAMPION COPPER
CO., Nelson.—Copper and Ores.

CLARKE, JOSEPH. F., Aucklant
Gold and Silver ore.

MIN i

‘‘THE BRITISH TRADE JOURNAL

ESTABLISHED 1862

PUBLISHED MONTHLY.

A PAPER FOR THE EXPORT AND SHIPPING TRADE, Indispensable to English Shippers and Forde

Colonial Importers,

To Foreign Subscribers is included a comprehensive Price List, covering 64 pugesy#

latest prices of English manufactures,
SUBSCRIPTION, 10s. Free to any part of the Wo
PUBLISHING OFFICH~113 CANNON STREET, LONDON.

New Zealand. 285

COALPIT HEATH COAL MINING| MELHOSE, LOUIS, Thames.—Argen-
0. Limited, Greymouth.—Bituminous | tiferous and Auriferous Quartz.

“ig MINISTER FOR MINES.—Specimens
COLLINGWOOD COAT; CO.—Coal. | of Ores and Minerals. Auriferous Quartz,

COMMON, SHELTON, & CO., Gis- Antimony, and Zinc Blende.
porne.—Peireleum. MINISTER OF M S, Wellington.

CORNES, CLEMENT, Te Aroha— A large Collection of Specimens of Alluvial

, -~ | Gold, auriferous and waste dirt from the gold-
hree Specimens of Auriferous gnd Argenti- | fields in various provinces; Antimony Ore,
srous Quartz from Auckland.

Green Sand, Black and Ruby Sand, and Pho-
CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT. — Two

tographs of Crushing Batteries.
Diagrams of Exports and Importsof the Colony; WeEW PRINCE IMPERIAL GOLD
DEEP LEVEL CROSS MINING

MINING CO., Limited, Thames.—
0., Thames.—Auriferous and Argentife- Auriferous Quartz.
ous Quartz.

NEW ZEALAND FROZEN MEAT

j}& STORAGE CO., Limited, Auck-
DIAMOND GOLD MINING CoO. ie as °
hames. — Auriferous and Argentiferous land.—Raw Material, and Manures manufac-

Sante. tured from it.

NEW ZEALAND STONE CO.
ENDEAVOUR INLET ANTI- ’
[ONY CO.—Star Antimony. Oamaru.— Oamaru Freestone.

HILL, THOMAS BOUCHER, 150,
Queen Street, Auckland.—One Block of
Dressed Raglan Building Stone.

PEACHE, A. E., Mount Somers.—
Quartz Sand for Giass Manufacture.

JOHN, Tapu, Thames.—
Opal, Chalcedony, and Cairagorm, from
Hauraki Gulf.

PHOENIX MINE, Skipper’s, Upper
Shotover, Otago.— Auriferous Quartz.

c. ;

’ HJORTH, HORATIO, Helensville,
Kaipara, Auckland. — An Assortment of
Pottery Clays.

SKAITANGATA RAILWAY AND
OAL CO., Limited, Otago.—Coal.

KENNEDY BROS., Greymouth.— | &
oal, Coke, and Fireclay. :

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT, q
Wellington.—A large Colection of Plans,
Drawings, and Views of various Public Works
of the Colony ; Specimens of Building Stone, &c.

KERBY, 8S. H.—Two Blocks Blue Stone.

KERR, J., Collingwood. — Coal from
polling wood.

PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT,
Wellington.—Collection of Building Stones.

RHODES, GEORGE, Auckland.—
Mortar and Ingredients thereof.

ROCKY POINT GOLD MINING
CO., Limited, Thames.—<Auriferous Quartz.

SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE,
Canterbury.—1 wenty Specimens of soils.

LIDDELL, JAMES, Thames.—Speci-
pens of Gold and Silver Ore from Ohinemuri.

MACKAY, MRS. JAMES, Thames.
Auriferous Quartz from Manhakeu Claim.

McCOMBIE, JOHN, Thames.—Gold
ind Silver Ore.

McKEOGHAN, OWEN, T:
Velson.—Specimens of Mineral and Sand.

MELHOSE, LOUIS, & JOHN HEIT-
LANN, Thames.-—Argentiferous and Auri-
rous Quartz.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. :
Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. BY

BOLD KEYLESS HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING ?-PLATE HALF-CHRONO-
METER. Fully jewelled, with patent Bréguet spring, which prevents any variation in hunting, &c. Adjusted

. for temperatures and positions, in extra heavy 18-carat case, £20, £35, £40.

FOLD KEYLESS #-PLATE HALF-CHRONOMETER PRESENTATION WATCH,
of the highest quality. Public bedes desiring to present a valuable and lasting testimonial will find this an
unfailing timekeeper and an elegant wovk of art. £10, £45, £59,

SUTRO GOLD & SILVER MINING
Co., Limited, Auckland.—<Auriferous and
argentiferous Quartz, from Hauraki.

286 New Zealand.

ANNER, Riverslea, Napier.| WASHBOURNE, R. J. & 80

cy ad mat ” nag Atala Haematite Paint,
mn

THE MARTHA EXTENDEDGOLD| WILLESTON, CHARLES, E

MINING CO., Limited, Thames.— } Wellington.—Antimony and Antimony

Auriferous Quartz. Om, JOM) & co, aa
UNION BEACH MINING Co, | Hydraulic Lime.

—Aurif ’ WOOLLAMS, FREDERICK,
Limited, Thames. erous Quartz mandel. — Seven Specimens of Aurif

VAUGHAN, JOHN, Coromandel.— | Quartz.
Auriferous Quartz. WREN, C. T., Auckland.—Soils,’

' FIJI.

Tas Colony of Fiji is a group of islands in the South Pacific numboring over 200, of which 80
are inhabited, 1,900 miles from Sydney, and 1,200 miles from Auckland, They are distant from
Samoa 500 miles south-west, from Tonga 300 miles north-east, and from New Caledonia 500
miles east.

The principal island is named Viti Levu, and is equal in size to the collective areas of Kent
Sussex, Surrey and Middlesex. This one island is also nearly as large as Jamaica, twice as large
s Trinidad, and six times as large as Mauritius, while the aggregate arca of the whole Colony ig
greater than all the British West India Islands, including Trinidad.

The total area is 4,751,360 acres, and it is therefore larger than Wales.

Government.—Crown Colony of a severe type, Governor advised by Executive Council
consisting of four members, heads of departments. ‘There is also a Legislative Council, consisting
the Governor as President, the Chief Justice, and five other heads of departments as official
Members, and of six unofficial Members nominated by the Governor and appointed by the Queen
or life.

Climate is considered good for the tropics; heat rarely exceeds 90° in the shade, and
hermometer does not often go below 60°. Rainfall varies considerably in the different islands,
anging from 40 inches to 180 inches per annum.

Settlers are scattered over many of the islands engaged in planting, stock-keeping, trading,
kc. Asarule they live comfortably in wooden houses, and possess abundance of poultry, pigs, fruit
nd vegetables, while in some districts, fresh beef and mutton is obtained weekly. In Suva and
evuka people can live in any style they like to pay for, and participate to some extent in the
pleasures of society in which settlers’ wives are glad to join when they leave their district homes
or a change to either of these two pretty towns. There are over 3,000 Europeans in the Colony,

Natives.—There are about 115,000 natives who are physically and mentally superior to most
wloured races. They are a reddish-brown in complexion, of a free and easy disposition, and
iew life with a calm philosophy, worthy of imitation by many Europeans, They do not much
are about work, because nature supplies nearly all their wants.

Labour.—Calcutta Coolies, Polynesians and Fijians are employed. The two former classes
ost about 1s. 6d. each daily, this amount includes wages, passage-money, allowances for food
nd clothing, houses, hospitals, sick percentage, medicines and incidentals, Fijians are
Products.—Sugar is the principal product. 10,586 tons exported last year; the yield is
ood, the density of juice up to average, the best machinery is at work, and the largest mill in
he world is on the Rewa River, Viti Levu.

Cokonuts are exported in large quantities, but the majority are used for making Copra (the
tied kernel used for oil) and fibre. They thrive well, and give a good and tolerably safe return
h capital judiciously expended. Exports value, 1884: Cokonuts, £2,219; Copra, £59,241
ibre, £1,031.

Cotton —This industry, once the largest and most profitable, is now being given up, owing to
W price obtained. Certain parts of the Colony are remarkably well suited for the “ long
ed” fine qualities. Export value, 1884, £14,121.

Fruit—Bananas and pineapples were exported to the value of £23,994 last year. This
de might be greatly supplemented by oranges, lemons, mangoes, and preserved fruits.
Molasses exported to value of £7,186. Present prices so low that much is run to waste.
Coffee has not proved the success anticipated. No reason has yet been found to account for
pe non-productiveness of the tree.

=

¢

( 287 »)
|

ick el eet age anal Sa ain, MOE

oy
at

wets

288 Fiji.
iabehtinittetnnitmeeteosseonevinennmnenntisnaretisnasibasinahionnpitiintuniani

Tea, Cinchona, and Cardamoms have been recently tried, and may prove remunerative,
former, Tea, has received high praise from experts in Australia, New Zealand, and London,
it may in a few years surpass in value the export of sugar.

Tobacco is only grown to a small extent, but the quality produced favours the idea of a
increase, should experienced men undertake its culture.

Sheep, cattle, horses and goats breed and thrive well, while poultry, pigs and fruit arg
abundant throughout the islands. “

From the above it will be seen that the Colony is eminently agricultural, and that its n;
resources, general climate and prolific soil well fit it to be a pleasant resort for young FE
and point to its becoming the future West Indies of the Australasian Colonies.

A more detailed account of its resources, statistics on Trade and Commerce, Agricul
History and Geography and Institutions will be found in the Handbook now published by
Executive Commissioner for the Colcny.

Propuctions.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. —

r, white. Large grain, yellow. Medium
in, yellow. Small grain, yellow. 1st Molasses,
Molasses, 3rd Molasses.

WILSON BROS., Deuba Estate. .
, 6 samples.

COLONIAL SUGAR REFINING
0,.—Sugar, 6 samples.

ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Cokonuts.

J. M. LENNOX.—Cokonuts.,

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. —
konuts.

HON. JAS. E. MASON.—Cokonuts,
PROVINCE OF SERUA.—Oopra,
HON. CAPT. BARRACK.—Copra.
MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited, —
pra.

J. M. LENNOX.—Copra.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. —
tton ginned, Cotton in seed.

HON. JAS. E. MASON.—Maize in cob,
MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. --
ize in cob,

ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Coffee.

eb heamemaa OF COLO, EAST.—
ee,

ne ISLAND CO., Limited, —
ec,

HON. JAS. E. MASON.—Coffee
ulled), (In Parchment).

W. LEDINGHAM & CO.—Coftee.
HON. JAS. E. MASON.—TEA, “Orange

ekoe.” “Broken Pekoe.” ‘ Pekoe.” ‘ Pekoe
ouchong.”

MACKINNON & BARRATT.—''ea

icked from Seedlings.

PROVINCE OF COLO, EAST.—

ckacco in leaf.
pa JAS. E. MASON, — Tobacco in
eaf,

C. R. SWAYNE.—Timber, 22 samples
ifferent woods. :

GOVERNMENT OF FIJI.—Timber,
1 samples different woods.

Rev. JAMES. CALVERT.—25 Timber
ples, different woods.

PROVINCE OF BA.—Sandalwood,
ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Arrowroot.
J. B. GIBLIN.—Arrowroot.
PROVINCE OF SERUA.—Arrowroot.
HON. JAS. E. MASON.—Arrowroot.

289

HON. CAPT. BARRACK.—Arrowroot.
W. I. THOM AS.—Arrowroot.
C. R. SWAYNE.—Arrowroot.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. —
Yabia (wild arrowroot).

W. FILLINGHAM PARR.—Rice.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. --
Sago. ‘Tapioca,

HON. JAS, BE. MASON,.—Dholl.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited, —
Ginger,

J. M. LENNOX.—Ginger.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. —~—
Turmeric.

J. M. LENNOX,—Turmeric,
ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Turmeric.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited, —
Chillies.

J. M. LENNOZX.—Chillies,

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. —
Cayenne pepper.

J. M. LENNOX —Cayeune pepper.

MANGO ISLAND CoO., Limited. —

Cinnamon. Tamarinds. Nutmegs. Mace,
HON. JAS. MASON.—Cinchona bark,
quills, &e.

BANK OF NEW ZEALAND.—Cin-
chona,

ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Yams.

J. M. LENNOX.—Vau (bark of a tree),

J. H. MARRINON.—Preserved fruits
(26 samples). ‘

FIJI FRUIT PRESERVING CO.—
Preserved fruits,

MANGO ISLAND CoO., Limited. —
Ivory nuts. Gigia nuts. Dilo nuts,

J. M. LENNOX.—Dilo nuts.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. —
Ground nuts. Candlenuts.

PROVINCE OF COLO, EAST. —
Candlenuts.

PROVINCE OF NAMUSI.—Candle-
nuts.

J. M. LENNOX.—Candlenuts.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited.—
Croton oil seeds. India-rubber,

PROVINCIAL DEPARTMENT.—
Béche de mer.

ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Pearl shells.
'Tortoiseshell. ‘

PROVINCE OF COLO, BAST.—Kava
(Native beverage).

HON. J. B. THURSTON, C.M.G.—
Kava root.

U

es a a

PR oaths 2a
eS aweurey s

290

ROKO TUI KADAVU. — ot
Dishes. Sling. Club, Stone used ywh
moulding pottery. Block and stick used }
natives when beating the Cokonut fibre, Ba
of Masi, from which native cloth is made, Stick
used in the manufacture of nativecloth. Natiyy
cloth, first process. Native cloth, finishe
Fire-making stick, Chief's walking-stick,

ROKO TUL LOMAI VITL—Tappa, of
native cloth,
PROVINCE OF RA.—Tappa, or nat

MAN '
Banana, or plantain meal,
ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Cokonut fibre.

J. M. LENNOX.—Cokonut brush fibre.
Cokonut mattress fibre. Aloe fibre.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited.—
Pineapple fibre, Cokonut fibre (19 specimens),

MORTGAGE & AGENCY CO, OF
AUS ST.A.—Mohair.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited, —
Cane juice, Lime juice.

HON, THD COMMISSIONER OF
S.—Pieces of Bandina boxwood,

HIS HON. THE CHIN JUSTICE,
THH HON. FIBLDING CLARKE.—
Case of Shells.

ROKO TUI LAU.—Tappa, or nativg
cloth,

ROKO TUL KADAVU.—Heand-dressey
of native cloth,

ROKO TUI LOMAI VITI.—Heal.
dresses. Fans.

HON. JAS. BLYTH.—Model of cance,
HOW. H. G. C. EMBERSON.—Moli

MANUFACTURES.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited.’--
Rope, 3 in. cable laid. 14 in. cable laid. 14 in.

coarse. 1 in, coarse. 4} in. coarse. Small of canoe, |
Sennet (12 pieces). 2 Tokolau fishing lines. HON. DR. McGRHEGOR, C.MG~

Fishing lines. Prwebes Reine, The above pre | Model of canoe.
manutuctured from cokonut bre, PRO RA. —
warn? starch. Sago starch. Vinegar trom cy fn nies wan
aide Oe ieee tee SY PROVINCE OF BA.—Earthenware p
‘ aoe V ING, r a .
BN “ ROKO TUL LAU.—2 Bowls for holding

_MANGO ISLAND CO,, Limited. — | kova,
Cokonut oil. HON. JAS, BLYTH.—72 Pioces pottery

PAUL, JOSHBER.—Medical preparation
of Kava—can be tasted in the Court. 1 Be p aaa C. EMBERSON,

G. MORGAN & CO.—Cokonut oil, Dilo PROVINCE OF BA, —Knife and woo!
nut oil. ing hook.

J, M. LENNOX.—-Dilo nut oil. A, MACKENZIE MACKAY.—8pen

MANGO. ISLAND CO., Limited, — | bow and arrows.
Dilo nut oil. ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Bows ol

NATIVE INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS. | “"O"™: )
—1 Trying Plane, 1 Jack Plane. 2 Smoothing ROKO TUI LOMAT VITI,—Bows an
Planes, 1Spokeshave, 1 Gauge. 1 Chalk | arrows.
line reel, 1 pair Hollows and Rounds. 1 Rab-| HON. JAS. E, MASON, — Mats, fans
bet plune. 1 Beading plane. 1 Lamb's Tongue | tappa.

at inca mould, In Box made of Yaka! poKO TULTAILEVU.—Mals. Potteyin

REV. JAMES CALVERT.—21 Club
8 Cokonut Bowls. -Tortoise Shell. 2 Ke
Bowls. ‘Tappa, Mats. 7 Spears.

F. LARKWORTHY. — Tappa, Mai
Scarf. Model of Heathen Temple made
Sennet.

R. WALKER.—5 Spears. 44 Clubs. §
Model Native Drums. 2 Kulis (native pillow)
3 Paddles. 4, Fans, Mats, 2 Whales’ Teetl
6 Pieces Tappa. 1 Armlet Tortoise-shell.
Kava Bowl and Kava Root. 1 Oil Dish.
Food Dish. 1 Boar’s Tusks. 3 Pieces Poite

Naiive Manvractures.

ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Comb. Mats.
ROKO TUL LOMAL VITI.— Matz.
PROVINCE OF BA.—Mate.
PROVINCE OF BUA.—Mats.

' ROKO TUL KADAVU,—Fishing nots.
PROVINCE OF RA.—Fishing nets.
ROKO TUI LOMALI VITT.—Baskots.

POT ae ET yy at ea meee Te ee

Fiji. 291

WESLEYAN MISSIONARY
000 a Soot Bowls, 2 Kava Bowls,

Spears. 1 Orange Kauri (very rare),

VANNER. J. E.—1 Haano God (Whale’s
Tooth), 1 Priest's Sacrifloing Bowl, 8 Olubs,

Roll Sennet. 1 Fijian Pillow. 2 Bowls
nas), 2 Models of Heathen Temples made
Sennet. ‘

fps, Pooroararus, SkercuEs, Books, &c.
HON, JOHN BERRY.—Plan of Viti
6vu,

GEO. MOORE.—Plan of Vanua Levu,

| HENRY SANG.—1 Water colour of Fi-
an Scenery.

M. A, CHABOT.—Plan of Fiji group,
PERCY F. 8, SPENCE.—Water-colour
etches,

MISS C. F. GORDON CUMMING.-—
Water-colour sketches, (See Special Cata-

MISS C. F. GORDON CUMMING.
bok of Sketches of Fijian Manufacture,

MISS CO. F. GORDON CUMMING.—
ok of Sketches of Fijian Pottery,

MESERS. WALTER HORNE & CO.
pFramed Photograph of Fijian Scenery,

oe BESSH & BLACK.—Pho-
grap

L. J. WALKER.—1 Piece Bandina box-
od, with view of Suva engraved on it. Also
nts of same.

HON. JOHN HILL.—2 Drawings of
mubi Island. Group of Water-colour paint-

of Fijian plants and flowers, by the
s3e8 Katie and Fannie Hill, of Rambi Ieland,
i,

REV. JAMES CALVERT.—Biblo in
Fijian language, New Testament in Fijian
lan us, and Psalms in
Fijian fan gunge, Hymns, Catechism, and Book

the Fijian language,
of Fijian words. Handbook of i
Lessons on Gospel History in Fijian. Outlines
of Sermons in Pijian, Ch

Catechism in Fijian. New Testament printed
in aie Pilgrim’s Progress in Fijian. ‘Daniel

ian. System of Theology in
Fijian, Fijian emorial Volume, in
Filian language, illustrated. Sacred Cards in

Fijian, illustrated. Polynesian Gazette printed

on native cloth. Rotumah New Testament in

Rotumah language. Fijiand Fijians: Missionary

labours among cannibals. Joel Buhu: Auto-

Biography of @ native minister in the South
as.

MINERALOGICAL, BoranicaL, AND OTHER
SPECIMENS,

ROKO TUI KADAVU.—Clay used for
making pottery.

HON. JAS. BLYTH.—2 Books Ferns,

G. W. THOMAS.—1 Book Forns,

F. E. PARKBR.—1 Book Forns,

G. VESCEY.—Plumbago, Lemon grass

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited. —
Lemon grass. 5 Bottles goil, Bat guano,
Coral lime.

HON. H. G. Cc. EMBERSON.--Bottle
Yavato, a wood worm. Bottle Balolo, a sea
worm.

HON. JAS. BLYTH.—Case Butterflies,
15 Bottles reptiles.

MANGO ISLAND CO., Limited.
Cotton branch.

F. SPENCE.—1 Book Ferns, 4

ee ee

at a ie ee pe
PRICE AND COQ.,

292 ' Advertisements.

(Late PRICE AND GOSNELL,)

Wholesale Manufacturing Perfumers,

DISTILLERS OF HERBS, FRUITS AND FLOWERS.

Sole Pr Golden C of PRICE and CO.’S Celebrated Pure Violet and Millefleur Powder,
den Oil, Macasane A ag and other Specialities, so well known in
e Kast and West Indies.

Every description of trangpartt Glycerine Fancy Soaps and Toilet Preparations,
2 and 73> HATTON GARDEN.

From 28, Lombard Street, and 246, Regent Sircct, London. W.
iereaen i Sana 1, WAREHOUSE, ST. KATHERINE DOCKS.

E. F. LANGDALE,

t,| Wholesale Chemist and Essence Distiller

J ' MANUFACTURER “AND SHIPPER OF

; ve Every description of Essential Oils, Natural and Artificial
a pee ee Flavouring Essences, Concentrated Infusions
aie Viet we eS F and Tinctures, Vanilla, Harmless Vegetable Colours, &e,

BONDED and Sereer PTACTORY. ESSENCE DISTILLERY anD LABORATORY,

(By special permission of Her Mojesty’s Honour
able Board of Customs), 72 and 73 HATTON GARDEN and 6a, CROSS STREET,

No. 1, WaneEoe LONDON HOLBORN HILL, LONDON, E.C.

_ “e c at PAILLARD'’S
Bt MUSICAL BOXES

They all heat the above Tr: ade Mark, and can be obtained at almost all the principal Music Sellers and Jewellersia
the United Kingdom.

PAILLARD & CO., Manufacturers, 62, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF

The “AMOBEAN” Musical Boxes,

To which an unlimited number of Cylinders can bz supplied at any time, without having to return the origi
Box to the Fuctory.

Hanp, in SILK, W OOL, or Oosox.
“The World's Star” Seamless .Ribbing Knitter excels all
other Cylinder’ Knitters.

ell ps OR Syliinedor rt OES tal
KNITTED 80008 Nios make AND a ORDER AT THE DEPO!

nglish Awards

Wi. HARRISON, “patentee, “ANB, Portland St. “Manche

Branch: 67, OXFORD ST. (near Soho Sasguek LONDON, W.

Ra engeehanaahta tomatoe. —— oF. SLL i ete tenet

CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

By Sm Cuarces Mins, K.C.M.G.

Its Foundation.—Bartholomew Diaz, the Portuguese navigator, as far as we kuow, was the
ret tu double the Cape—now four centuries ago (1486),—although the event is perhaps more
requently associated with the name of Vasco da Gama, who commanded the expedition which,
leven years later, was sent out by King John of Portugal to verify the expectations of an ocean
ute to India which had been raised by the discoveries of Diaz, and which had led the king to
ive to the Cape the name which now distinguishes the chief British Colony in South Africa.
o permanent settlement at the Cape was effected by the Portuguese, but, for the next century
nd a half, it was used by their ships, and-by those of England and Holland as well, as a port
f call when bound to and from the East Indies. In 1620, a party of Englishmen landed aud

k possession of the peninsula in the name of James I., but nothing came of this attempt,
nd it was not until 1652 that the Dutch East India Company took possession of Table Bay,
tablishing a defensive fort, and occupying the lands in Table Valley, chiefly, however, with
e object of having always in readiness supplies for their passing ships. It was occupied by
¢ English from 1795 to 1803, restored to the Batavian Government in the latter year, and

-occupied by the British in 1806, whose possession of the place was ratified by the Congress of
fienna in 1815.

Its Extension.—Although two hundred and thirty-three years have passed since the date of
¢ first European occupation of South Africa, it is only within the last seventy years that
lonization has been fairly and freely encouraged in the country. It is necessary to bear this
ct in mind when instituting comparisons between.the ago and progress of the Cape of Good

ope, and the remarkable advancement of the Anglo-Saxon communities in America and
ustralia, 7 ‘ ei

At the beginning of the present century the Colony contained about 120,000 square miles
territory. Its boundaries were, the Great Fish River to the east, and on the north a curved
ne extending from near the present village of Colesberg to the mouth of the Buffalo River in
ittle Namaqualand. Its population consisted of 21,000 whites, 26,000 slaves, and 14,500
oitentots, Its revenue was about £90,000, and its exports £15,000.

At present the Colony contains 226,000 square miles, including the Transkei, Its boundaries
the north and north-east (excluding the Transkei) are the Orange, the Indwe, and vss Great
ei Rivers. Its population at the last census (1875) consisted of 336,783 whites and 484,201
loured, It is now (1885) estimated at %40,000 whites and 900,000 coloured. Its revenue for
¢ financial year 1883-4 was £2,949,950. Its exports amounted in 1884 to £6,945,674 ; imports,
5,249,000; value of fixed property £87,344,299,

At the beginning of the ecntury Cape Town contained between eleven and twelve hundred
lises, inhabited by about 5,500 whites and free people of colour, and 10,000 slaves. The village
Stellenbosch contained about seventy houses, the Paarl and Swellendam about thirty houses

,and Graaff Reinet about a dozen mud huts, ‘These were the chief “towns” of the time.

294 Cape of Good Hope.

In 1875 Cape Town, with its suburbs, had 5,971 houses, with a population of 45,240 souls
Stellenbosch, 465 houses and a population of 3,173; the Paarl, 771 houses and 126 huts with a
population of 5,760; Swellendam, 329 houses and 2,000 inhabitants; Graaff Reinet, 857 houses
and a populstion of 4,562; and there are 154 other towns and villages with an aggregate
population of over 123,000; Port Elizabeth with a population of over 13,000; Graham’s Town
with 7,000; King William’s Town with 6,000; and East London with 3,000, being the most
noteworthy.

Its Products.—At the beginning of the century the products of the Colony were limited to
grain, cattle, and wine. There are no records of ihe quantities produced, but the fact that the
total exports of the Colony at that time reached to only £15,000 shows that the quantities could
not have been large. At present the exports of colonial produce extend over a considerable
variety of articles, and include aloes, argol, bones, buchu leaves, coffee, copper ore, ostrich
feathers, dried fruits, guano, Angora hair, hides, horns, skins, tobacco, wive, and wool, as well
as diamonds, of which speciai mention will be found hereafter.

In 1875, when the last census was taken, there were nearly seventy million vines planted,
yielding four and a-half million gallons of wine and over one million gallons of brandy ; 1,688,000
bushels of wheat, nearly half a million bushels of barley, quarter of a million bushels of rye, one
million bushels of oats and the same of oat-hay ; over three million lbs. of tobacco, two and a-half
million lbs. of dried fruits, and 340,000 lbs. of aloes were produced. Indian corn and millet
were also very largely raised. At the same period the Colony possessed nearly ten million
woolled sheep, 22,000 ostriches, 878,000 Angora goats, and 1,112,000 horned cattle. Mohair
firat appears as an article of export in 1872, the quantity shipped being 1,036 lbs. In 1834
four and a-half millions lbs. were exported. In 1857 the value of feathers exported was less than
£10,000. In 1884 the export had risen to £966,480 in value, In 1830 the total shipment of
wool was only 33,000 lbs,; in 1872 it reached the total of forty-nine million Ibs., since which
time it has fallen off owing chiefly to loss of stock from [severe droughts. The total vale
of this export in 1884 was £1,745,000. In 1884 the value of copper ore exported was about
£406,000., and of diamonds £2,807,329. In 1868 the declared value of diamonds exported wa
£150,

Its Trade.—The external trade of the Colony 1» carried on chiefly with the mother country,
and chiefly in British and colonial vessels, as will be seen from the following figures :—

In 1884. . Imports. t= Exports.
& &

United Kingdom .. +e a 4,023,799 mr 6,520,107
All other Countries rr) oo 1,225,201 oT) 425 , 567

—_——-—

Totals oe oe oe 5,249,000 oe 6,945, 674

adi.

Shipping. 7 Inwards. Outwards.
Tons. Tons.
€ British and Colonial ee eo 2,517 »707 oe 2,528,621
All others .. oe o +o 133,299 o 142,490
Totals . o 2,651,006 .. 2,671,111
eee enon ieee

The development of the trade during the last quarter of o century will be seen“.
paring the above figures with those for 1860, which are as follows :—
Shipping,
= imports, *“} fy. Exports. Inwards. Outwards.
£ £ Tons. Tous.

2,665,902 oe 2,080,398 eo 829 , 934 oe 335,358

Tt will thus be seen that the imports have doubled, and the exports trebled during
period mentioned. It should, moreover, be noted in this connection that this comparison
made at a period when the universal depression of trade has affected Cape Colony, certainly

Cape of Good Hope.

«33 than other countries, Had 1882 been selected, a very much

Its Public Works.—To revert to the subject of the progress of the Cape Colony during the
ast quarter of a century, it will be seen in nothing so much as in the development of its
ways, telegraphs, harbour and other public works. Its first railway, the line from Cape
Town to Wellington, 58 miles in length, was commenced in 1860 and completed and opened in
ovember, 1863. It was constructed by a private company, but was almost ixamediately
urchased by the Government for £773,000.

greater increase would have
>

The Colony now has 1,603 miles of railway open to traffic, and the total amount spent upon
heir construction and equipment is about £14,600,000. These railways start from.three several
pints on the coast, viz.:—Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, and East London, and the systems
aving their termini at the two former ports are connected by a junction line. There is now
irect railway communication between Cepe Town, Port Elizabeth, and Kimberley (the Diamond
fields). In addition to the mileage above menticned, there is a line constructed by a private
ompany connecting Port Alfred and Grahamstown, a distance of 43 miler. In 1884 the net
pings on the 1,344 miles of railway then open, amounted to £327,462, yielding an interest on
ital expended of £2 14s. id. per centum. Later returns (1885) show a profit of 34 per cent.
srannum. ‘I'wo million four hundred and seven thousand passengers were carried in 1884,
nd four hundred and thirteen thousand tons of goods.

The first telegraph line constructed in the Colony (in 1860) was from Cape Town to Simon's
own, a distance of 22 miles, The Colony now has 4,219 miles of telegraph open, carrying 8,663
iles of wire, at a total cost of £351,007. The number of messages carried in 1884 was 740,791.
he revenue was £78,629, the expenditure £53,703, the net earnings £24,926, yielding a
ercentage of £7 2s. on capital invested. The present tariff is a uniform rate of 1s. for 10 words
all offices in South Africa.

The Colony has telegraphic communication with England by submarine cable vid Zanzibar
hd Aden, which was opened or Christmas Day, 1879, and which is subsidized by the Home
bd Colonial Governments, the contribution of Cape Colony being £15,000 per annum.

The Colony unfortunately possesses no natural harbours, and to supply this deficiency has
Recuted works on an extensive scale at the principal ports of the Colony, the amounts expended
bon each up to the close of 1884 being as follows :—

Table Bay Harbour ‘ . £978,484

Port Elizabeth ,, ° ‘ é : 437,431
Mossel Bay $9 . . e P 8,000
Port Alfred ye ° ° . . 219,688
East London, . . ° . §02,189

Total © e:-£2,145,792

Se armors

The works at Table Bay include an extensive breakwater 1,870 feet in length, an outer
in six acres in extent, an inner basiu or dock ten acres in extent, and a graving dock
D feet Jong.

To facilitate communication and transport on the northern side of the Colony, four great
iges have been erected at different, points on the Orange River, and one over the Great Kei
tr. The cost of these works up to the close of 1884 amounted to £407,562, the net revenue
tolls to £17,604, yielding a per centage on capital of £4 6s. 4d. The internal communications
he Colony by means of roads and ordinary bridges have been carried out at a total cost, from
huary 1860 to June 1885, of £1,100,989. Wp to and including the year 1884 the total cost of
patlic works above mertioned amounts to £18,605,350, on which there is a fair remunerative

296 Cape of Good Hope.

Its Industries.—Besides the raising of sheep and cattle and horses, and the cultivation of th
‘land, which are the staple industries of the Colony, and in which at the time of the last ceng
(1875) 210,000 of the population were engaged, there is the important industry of diamon
mining at Kimberley. Old de Beer’s, Du Toit's Pan, and Bultfontein, employing in. all aboy
10,400 persons, of whom 1,228 are white aud the remainder coloured. Mining was commen
in 1868, and the total declared and known value of diamonds exported from that time to th
close of 1884 was £31,772,476. It is well known, however, that the actual export is largely j
excess of the declared value, ‘There are ulso smaller diggings at Barkly West, which in 189
realised £51,480, :

Copper mining is carried on in Namaqualand by the Cape Copper Mining Co., and tf
Namaqua Mining Co. The annual average produce is 21,000 tons, and 1800 persons
employed. The ores are of very rich quality, after classification and dressing realising an avera
assay of about 32 per cent. Since 1852, when copper ore was first exported, to the end of 18
the total produce amounted to 268,215 tons, and in that period the annual export has increas
from 31 tons to 22,705 tons. Coal mining, which is of quite recent origin in the Colony, is no
carried on at the Cyphergat and Molteno Mines in the Albert Division, and the Indwe Min
in the Wodehouse Division. The present annual produce is about 9000 tons, employing ab
200 persons. The coalfields are of immense extent, and will ultimateiy prove of great values
the Colony. The eastern line of railways is now entirely supplied with coals from these ming
and as soon as the remaining 150 miles or thereabouts of railway connecting all the seaport
with the coalfields shall have been constructed, ships of war and transports, as well as merchangl
vessels, can be supplied with colonial coal and made independent of coal supplies from Englan
On the ground of economy this will obviously be a great advantage, and volitically—in t
event of war cr accidental closing of the Suez Canal, a local coal supply will be of incalculabli
importance to the defence and trade of the empire. There are also ulum, lead, crocidolie
manganese, and saltpetre mines, several of which are being worked.

There are 17 fisheries at various points on the coast, employing 335 boats, and 1854 men, am
the value of the fish caught in 1884 at the 12 stations, from which returns were obtain
amounted to £89,563,

There are about 50 saltpans now being worked in the Colony, many of which are very extel
sive. According to the returns obtained in 1884 from 26 of these pans the value produced
about £30,000.

Amongst other industries there are in the Colony 89 aerated water manufactories, 129
and shoe factories, 302 brond and biscuit factories, 130 brickworks, 87 confectionery and j
factories, 22 cooperages, 129 iron, and tin works, .74 printing works, 124 saddlery and han
works, 17 tobacco factories, 301 ywaggqn and cart, works, 59 fish-curing establishments, 38 ©
and flour mills, 16 wool washeries, 9 of which are worked by steam, and employ about 250 hat
each, 9 boat building establishments, 7 tanneries, 7 breweries, and 12 distilleries.

Its Educational and Religious Provisions.—In 1884 the Colony had 5 colleges and II
schools of various classes. The number of college students was 315. The number of schol
on the roll was 78,037, The ‘covernmental expenditure for the year was £99,918, the La
expenditure £101,644. In the come year there wera in the Colony 458 ministers of the v i
denominations, of whom 100 belonged to the Church of England, 99 to the Dutch Reform
Church, and 97 to the Wesleyan Methodists. he number of persons belonging to the sev
congregations was 383,765, of whom i50,719 were coloured. The Government contribution
the support of ministers was £11,990, the amount contributed by the congregations for!
same purpose was £69,309, and for other purposes £97,231.

Its Hospitals—In 1884 the Colony had 74 hospitals and charitable institutions, the 4

number of patients treated being 7,060. Six of these received Government aid to the exter
£7,478. The others are supported almost entirely by voluntary contributions.

;
;

‘

Re ANS gt A nadial i ue

Its Banks.—In 1884 there were 11 banks in the Colony, with an aggregate nomiual capital
£6,508,930 in 124,012 shares on which £1,649,745 had been paid ap. At the same period
eir aggregate reserve fund amounted to £611,703, and their circulation to £708,797. In the
e year the Colony had 112 Post Office Savings Banks with 17,886 depositors and £128,689
deposits. The Cape of Good Hope Savings Bank Society had 232,334 depositors and
8,731 in deposits. The Grahamstown Savings Bank had 1,578 depositors and £14,972 in
posits, and the King William’s Town Savings Bank 1,125 depositors and £30,170 in deposits.

The space at our disposal does not afford room for more than the above sketch of the: past
d present condition of the Colony. For further and more detailed information the reader
referred to the ‘ Handbook of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope,’ to be obtained in the
pe Court of the present Exhibition, and to the ‘General Handbook on H.M. Colonies and
pendencies,’ published by the Royal Commission.

Lonpon, January, 1886,

4
j
<
,
§

298 Advertisements.
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, NATAL, and EAST AFRICA,

THE COLONIAL MAIL LINE
of CASTLE PACKETS.”

CARRYING THE BRITISH AND PORTUGUESE ROYAL MAILS
FLEET OF THE CASTLE MAIL PACKETS COMPANY, LIMITED.

Steamers. Tons. Steamers. Tons. Steamers, Tons. Steamers, T
Rosin Castte. . 4,280 | Drumsonp CasTLe 3,705 | METHVEN CASTLE, 2,680 | CoURLAND 4. «4
HAWARDEN CasTLR 4,241 | GranTuLLy Castie 3,489 | Dunpar Castire . 2,680 | DUNKELD «- ,
NoruamM Casite . 4,241 | Conway CastLe . %,966 COAST MAIL SERVICE. MELROSE ¢« ¢
PEMBROKE CasTLE. 3,936 | Warwick CastLE. 2,957 | TaymouTH CASTLE. 1,827 | FuurRENcR . .
GarRTH CASTLE. . 3,705 | Dunrosim CasTLE. 2,€11 | DuartCastLE. . 1,825 | VSONICE . « «6 5

eeeee
~
=~

The COMPANY’S MAIL STEAMERS leave LONDON every alternate Wednesday, and DARTMOUTH on ths
following Friday, with Passengers and Cargo for all ports of the CAPE COLONY and NATAL. = ‘ihe Steamers call
at, LISBON and MADEIRA alternately, and touch at ST. HELENA at regular intervals. REGULAR SERVICE
every 28 days between LONDON, MAURITIUS, and the EAST COAST of AFRICA, connecting at MOZAMBIQUE
with the B. I. Co.’s Mail steamers for ZANZIBAR and INDIA.

Experienced Surgeons and Stewardesses, Excellent Cuisine. Superior Accommodation,
London Loading Berth:—EAST INDIA DOCK BASIN, BLACKWALL.
Handbook of Information for Passengers may be had gratis on application.
For PASSAGE or FREIGHT apply to: £HOS. COOK & SON, Edinburgh (and elsewhere); JAMES CURRIE & (0,

Leith; W. H. HAYWARD, 42, Union Passage, Birmingham ; WELLS & HOLOHAN, 6, Eden Quay, Dublin;
SMITH, SUNDIUS & CO., Plymouth; E. M. TURNOR & SON, Dartmouth; or to the Managers,

DONALD CURRIE & CO.,,
LONDON: 3 & 4, FENCHURCH ST., E.C.; LIVERPOOL: 23 & 25, CASTLE St;

Manchester: 15, Cross Street; and Glasgow : 4o, St. Enoch Square.

UNION LINE.

CAPE OF GOOD SS HOPE, NATAL,
AND EAST AFRICAN }} SS ROYAL MAIL SERVICE

Tue UNION STEAMSHIP GOMPANY, LIMITED.

ESTABLISHED 1853.

The ROYAL MAIL STEAMERS of this Line leave SOUTH:
AMPTON every alternate Thursday, and PLYMOUTH next
day, conveying Passengers and Goods to CAPE TOWN,
MOSSEL BAY, PORT ELIZABETH (Algoa Bay), PORT
ALFRED (Kowie River), EAST LONDON, NATAL, and

ST. HELENA, and passengers only to MAT IRA.

EXPERIENCED SURGEON and STEWARDESSES CARRIED.
PASSAGE-MONEY INCLUDES RAIL FARE FROM LONDON TO SOUTHAMPTOL

For HANDBOOK, and all INFORMATION, apply to

THE UNION STEAMSHIP COMPANY, LIMITED

ORIENTAL PLACE, SOUTHAMPTON, aud

11, LEADENHALL STREET, LONDON

Cape of Good Hope. 299

Maps, Statistics, Pustic Works.
CAPE COMMISSION. -—— Handbook

hatology. (4) Series of 13 diagrams illus-
ive of rainfall. (5) Panorama of Cape
mn, painted for the Commission by Mr. F. L.
kering, of Boro’ Green, Kent. (6) Photo-
hs of Public Works, collected by the Public
ks Department, Cape Town. (7) Botanical
p of the Cape Colony prepared by Henry

ASTRONOMER ROYAI, (THE),
pe Town (D. GILL, F.R.S., F-R.A.S.,
(1) Views of the Royal Observatory,
e Town, (2) A Series of Stellar Photo-
phs taken at the Royal Observatory.

TABLE BAY HARBOUR BOARD.
) Model of existing and proposed docks ut
le Bay. (2) Sample of Paarl granite used
he tea ox the Graving Dock and
works.

SMITH, G. W., Port Elizabeth.—(1)
bof Anchorage, Algoa Bay. Lent by the
ba Bay Harbour Board. (2) Plan of coast
ftom Gamtoos River to Kowie Point.

Native DepanTrMent.
CAP COMMISSION. — (1) Kafir

arming

[Norz,—A Detailed Catalogue of the Exhibits of the Cape Colony can be obtained in the
Cape Court.)

are situated in the Exhibition grounds, opposite
the Malay location. They are occupied by four
Kafirs, and by a bushman and his wife, who
will carry on their respective native industries,
including the manufacture of weapons of war,
sticks, baskets and wickerwork, mats, sieves,
beadwork, and wire ornaments, An addition to
this interesting community is expected during
the exhibition. (2) Native implements from
Basutoland, collected for the Commission by
Colonel Clarke, R.A., C.M.G., British Resident
at Maseru. (8) Native implements, collected
by Mr. Scott, Northern, Border Commissioner.

7. BAIN, THOMAS, C.E., Ronde-
h.—Bushman Stone Implements.

8 CLARKE, J., Engcobo.—Kafir Beads.

9. CURRFY, CHARLES. — Bushman
Drawings, facsimiles of G. W. Stow’s copies from
the originals,

1c. DUNN, E. J., Cape Town.—Bush-
man, Hottentot, and Kafir Stone Implements.

11. KIMBERLEY LOCAL COM-
Kimberley.—Bushman Carvings.

12, LOVEDALE MISSION ARY
INSTITUTE, Lovedele.—Furniture, Wag-
gon Building, Blacksmith’s Work, Privting,
Bookbinding, Needlework, &c., done by natives
under European supervision.

13. STANFORD, WALTER, Griqua-
land East.—Abakwela Dress.

14. WEBB, CLEMENT DAVIES,
Queenstcwn.—Native Dresses, Implements
and Weapons. Collection of Horns of South
African Antelopes.

15. LEWIS, H., Damaraiand.— Native
Weapons.

Maray Department.

16. CAPE COMMISSION.—Wicker and
Basketwork by Malays. This indusiry is carried
on in the Exhibition by a family consisting of

land Bushman’s Hut. ‘These habitations four Malays.

9 buy an ENGINE of any kind, for any work or any Country,
; on f without secing HORBNSBY’S ENGINEERS:
CATALOGCE,
of Portable and Semi-Portable, Simple and COMPOUND,
‘ical and Horizontal ENGINES and BOILERS; Irrigating Plant; General
&ec.

particulars and Illustrations

F Machinery,
HORNSBY & Sons, Limited, *"Sct'aa compan worcer TAM,

' Yown.— Hides.

300 Cape of Good Hope.

ANIMAL Proptcrts.

Animals, Animal Products, and Articles made
therefrom.

18. CAPE COMMISSION.--(1) Group
of Stuffed Sheep, Goats, and Ostriches, arranged
on the soil and amongst the herbage upon which
they live. (2) Collection of Heads and Horns of
Antelopes. (8) Skins of the Biuebuck, Ratel,
Redeat, Jackal, Meercat, Wild Cat, Ant Bear,
and Leopard. (4) Tortviseshell.

19. BAKER, BOWES, & CO., Cape
Town.—Bullock’s Head and Horns.

21. DUNN, E. J.—Collection of Horns of
Cape Antelopes, and other Animals.

" 22, HOCKIN, E., Port Elizabeth.—
Buffalo Head and Horns.

23. MARSHALL, A., Port Elizabeth.
—Bullock’s Head aad Horns, &c.

24. PETRIE, T., Port Elizabeth.—
Series of Horns of Antelopes, Xc.

25. WEBB, CLEMENT DAVIES,
Queenstown.—Colleciion of Horns of An-
telopes. See Collection of Native Stone Im-
plements by this Exhibitor.

26. COMBRINCK & CO.,

a

Cape

27. PRINCE, VINTCENT, & CO.,
Mossel Bay.—Goat Skins from the district
of Oudtshoorn.

28. VANDER BYL & CO., Cape
Town.—-Sheep, Goat, and Merino Skins.

29. SPENCE & DE PASS, Cape
Town and London.—({1) Seal Skins. The
seals arc caught on the rocks and islets off the
South-west coast; seal oil from the blubber.
(2) Shark Liver Oil.

30. WILMAN, SPILHAUS, & CO.,
Cape Town.—Seal Skins from seals caught
on Cape shores.

31. CAPE COMMISSION.—Collection
of various kinds of Leather made in the Colony,
oem by Messrs. Mossop & Garland, Cape
Town.

32. DU TOIT, A. C., Paarl. — Set of
Harness made from leather tanned at the Paarl.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65

i

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Maj ;

SILVER KEYLESS HUNTING MINUTE CHRONOGRAPH, with independent
back minute and seconds hard, $-plate half-Chronometer, jewelled in 13 actions, registering the minutes,
and fifths of'a second. Made for ronzh wear and all clipates. £10, £15, £20, £25.

SILVER KEYLESS HUNTING or HAL
movi ment, -plate, jewelled ia 13 actions, specially
requiring an exact timekeeper will find these Watches

Woot.

35. CAPE COMMISSION.—Sampk
Wool, grease and fleece-washed, from Brej
dorp, Caledon, Riversdale, and Swellendam,

. BOOYSEN, G. J. N., Patrys F
te Richmond. — Wool, grease, fr
stock originally imported.

37. BREDA, HALKETT, & 0
Cape Town.—Wool, snow white, scoured
Waverley Mills.

38. DE JAGER, H. J., Kuils-
Beaufort West.-—Wool.

39. DESPATCH WOOL WASE
cO., Zwartkops River, near
Elizabeth.—Wool, washed.

40. ELLIOTT, WILLIAM THO.
Nelspoort, Beaufort West.— Wool, gr
from Colonial-bred wethers and ewes.

41. FRATER & MOSSOP, Paarl
Wool, washed.

42. GUBB, T. N., Uitenhage. —W
snow white, scoured by Exhibitor at Uitenh

HART, W. A., Hartfield, Cath
—Wool, from Colonial-bred sheep.

44. IRVINE, JOHN J., Wateri
near King William’s Town.—Wool,
grease, fine washed, and scoured, from @
bred merino sheep.

45. JACKSON, CLIFFORD,
toria West.—Wool, grease, froin merinoe

46. JACKSON, H. A., Lewis
Beaufort West.—F inc grease merino Wi

47. JOUBERT, P. J.—Wool, grease,
merino sheep.

48. KEMP, J. — Wool, from Coloniala
wethers, ewes, and lambs,

49. KING, GEORGE, & SONS, Ei
beth Farm, Bedford.—Wool, from mq
ewes from Colonial-bred merinos.

so. MOORCROFT, J AMES
Drooge Fontein, Wodehouse. —
grease, from progeny of imported merinos

51. MURRAY, GEO. B., Klip &
Colesberg. —Wool, from Cape merines.

5p RRNA a sn

& 64, Cheapside, London.

“HUNTING WATCHES, half-chro

made for tropical climates and reugh wear. &
give the best results, £15, £18, £21.

Cape of Good Hope. 301

ka, MURRAY, JOHN J.—Wool, fine
prino grease from Colonial-bred merinos.

mn, O7CONNOR, JOHN.—Wool,
r4, RORICH, PAUL C., Groot Zee-
begat, Molteno.— Wool, lambs, from cross-
od Australian and Rambouiliet.

cc ROSE, PETER D., Klaver Fon-
in, Beaufort West.— Wool, from Cape-bred
pep.

ir, RUBIDGE, RICHARD, Well-
ood, Graaff Reinet.—W ool, from Colonial-
pl merino wethers and ewes.

my, SAVAGE & HIGL, Port Eliza-
> —Wool and Mohair.

rf, SPRINGFIELD WOOL-WASH-
iG CO. (THE), Vitenhage.—Samples of
shed Wool.

so. UNION WOOL -WASHING
ORKS (THE), Uitenhage. — Samples
washed Wool.

fo. VERMAAK, J. A., Zuur Fontein,
brghersdorp.— Wool, fleeces from imported
1 Colonial-bred sheep.

(1. WAVERLEY WoOOL-WASH-
iG CO. (THE), Ceres Road, Tulbagh
strict.—W ool, scoured.

(2. WEEBER BROS., Elands Fon-
n, Beaufort West. — Wool, from Cape
pep.

3. WIENAND, F. F., Bedford. —
pol, from Colonial-bred sheep.

4. WILMAN, SPILHAUS, & CO.,
pe Town.— Wool ; representative collection
m tue Western portion of the Cape Colony.

5.5 CAPE COMMISSION.—Model ot

bol-washing ‘Machine, made at the Govern-
mt Railway Workshops, Uitenhage.

Monarr.
8, SDWARDS, JOSEPH, Bedford.—

phair,

f EDWARDS, WALTER JAMES,
ip Fontein, Graaff Reinet.—Mohair,
8 hair, from imported rams and Colonial
ss-bred ewes.

R. MUSHET'’S SPECIAL

70. HALL, JOHN, Port Elizabeth.—

Mohair.

71. HOLLAND, FRANK, Haddon
Division of Bedford.—Mohair, a selected
series of samples.

72. O7CONNOR, JOHN, Port Eliza-
beth.—Mohair. (See eahib.i of Wool.)

73. PRETORIUS, GERT. — Colonial
Angora Rams’ Hair.

7 REX, JOHN GEORGE DUTHIE,
Mabus, Klivplaat, Aberdeen.—(1) Mo-
hair, an extensive series of samples of different
kinds. (2) Fleeces of imported thorough-bred
Colonial, half-bred, and original Goat.

75. SAVAGE & HILL, Port Eliza-
beth.—Wool and Mohair, and goods manu-
factured therefrom. (See exhibits of Wool.)

76. STRAUSS, A. F., Bovenste Font,
Colesberg.—Angora Hair, from Colonial-bred
goats.

77, THEOPHILUS BROS., Port
Elizabeth.— Angora Hair from Cape goats
by imported rams from Asia Minor.

78. WIENAND, F. F., Bedford.— Mo-
hair. (See exhibit of Wool.)

Birnps, Featuers, &c.

80. CAPE COMMISSION.—(1) Group
of Stuffed Ostriches. (2) Collection of Sins
of Cape Birds, (Sce exhivit of Stuffed Animals.)

81. HARE, W.—Collection of Birds found
in the Knysna Forest. (See exhibit of Forest
Department.)

82. SPENCE & DE PASS.—Snpecimens
of various birds found in the Ichaboe Guano
Islands. (See under Guano exhibits.)

83. BENSUSAN, M. L.—Ostrich Fea-
thers ; an assortment of wild birds’ feathers from:
Namaqualand.

84. BREDA, HALKETT, & CO.,
Cape Town.—Ostrich Feathers; « general
assortment.

85. DISTIN, JOHN SWEET, Tafel-
berg Hall.—-Ostrich Feathers ; wing feathers
from two hen birds.

86.. DOUGLAS, ARTHUR, M. L. A,

Graham’s Town.—Ostrich Feathers of
various kinds. (See also No. 89.)

AND TITANIC STEELS.

MUSHET’S Extra Best Welding TITANIC BORER STEEL.

Sole Makers, SAMUEL OSBORN & CO., Sheffield.
NDON : Victoria Mansions, Westminster, ARNOLD PYE-SMITH, Resident Partner.
See detailed Advertisement in Oficial Catalogue p.

~ ee '¥

802

87. PRINCE, VINTCENT, & CO,,
Mossel Bay.—Ostrich Feathers from the
district of Oudtshoorn.

88. RABIN, PETER, & PHILIP,
Welgerivier, Worcester. — Ostrich Fea-
thers, tame, of six months’ growth.

89. DOUGLAS, ARTHUR, M.1.A.,
Graham’s Town.—aArtificial Ostrich Hatch-
ing Machines, with Eggs and Stuffed Young
Birds, showing the entire process of artificial
hatching. (See also No. 86.)

90. CAPE COMWVISSION.—The process
of feather dressing and dyeing, shown at the
request of the Cape Commission by Mr, Clarke
Record, of Westbourne Grove.

GUANO.
92. BARRY, M., Cape Town.—Samples
of Guano,

93. KEET, R. M., Montagu. —- Bat
Guano.

Cape of Good Hope.

102, CLARKE,
Town.—Raw Silk,

103. HIDDINGH, Dr. J. M,, N
lands, Cape Town.—(1) Spun Silk grows
Newlands. (2) Cape Silk manufactured
Macclesfield.

104. HOLDSTOCK, E, W., Hast Ix
don,—Silk and Cotton.

105. LEVEY, G.
Town.—Raw Silk.

1066, ROBERTS, VALENTINE, v
enhage.—Silk, in the cocoon and spun,

107, NEWDIGATE, MISS 0,
Forest Hall, Knysna.—Dessert doyle
made with raw silk wound by hand,

H. D., Grab

H., Grahar

VEGETABLE Propvcts.

Flowering Plants, Cereals, Fruits, Toba
Raisins, Wines, Spirits, &e.

108. RIGG, CHRISTOPHER, f

94. SPENCE & DE PASS, Cave! Hlizabeth.— (1) Honey, virgin, produ

Town.—(1) Guano from the Ichaboe Islands.
The same treated with sulphuric acid, (2)
Specimens of the various Birds found on the
Guano Islands. (See also exhibit of Seal Siins,

&c.)

95. STEPHAN BROS.—(1) Guano from
Dassen and Jutten Islands. (2) Salt from
natural pan, Yzerfontein, near Cape Town.

96. WILMAN, SPILHAUS, & CO.,
Cape Town. — Guano used by farmers as
manure for cereals,

FIsHEs.
98. MORSTATT, H., Cape Town.—
Cape edible Fishes, a series of thirty-six water-
colour drawings by the Exhibitor.

THWAITS, FLORENCE. — Cape
Fishes ; a series of twenty water-colour draw-
ings. (See Fine Art Section.)

SPENCE & DE PASS, Cape Town
and London.—Shark Liver Oil. (See exhibit
of Sealskins and Oil by this firm.)

Insects AND Insect Pronvors.

ror. HICKEY, MARGARET, F., Ade-
laide, Cape Colony.---Cabinet of Entomologi-
cal Specimens.

the South African wild bee. (2) Desiccator
drying fruit, consisting of a stove and dryiy
chamber, with peeler, slicer, cover, &c. q

110. CAPE COMMISSION,.—An ex
sive representative collection of Cape Floweti
Plants and Shrubs, grown by Messrs. Hendersi
and Sons, of Maida Vale, London. The «
servatory in which this collection is exhibits
was built for the Commission by Messrs. Dash
wood & Co,

111. TEMPLEMAN, ROBERT, Cap
Town.—Cape Flowering Plants, grown |
Messrs. Henderson & Sons from bulbs suppliedh
the Exhibitor.

FRERE, CATHERINE F.—Painting
and Drawings of Cape Wild Flowers. (See
Art Section.)

HOLLAND, MRS.—Paintings and Dm
ings of Cape Wild Flowers. (See Fine 4
Section.)

MARCUS, H. C.—Paintings and Dm
ings of Cape Wild Flowers. (See Fine A
Section.)

THWAITS, FLORENCE.—Paintiag
and Drawings of Cape Wild Flowers. (
Fine Art Section.)

UNGuUN GUN DHLOV A.
PERCY J. POOL & CO., 4, Bishopsgate Street Within, London, E.0,, |

Buyers and Shippers of all classes of Merchandise—European, Dutch, ani Kafir
for the South African Markets; and Generai Export Agenis.

Wool, Hides, Skins
Produce received for realisation at the best markets,

Horns, Feathers, Ivory; Precious Stones, and sll kind

CORRESPONDENCE INVITED. LIBERAL TERMS.

Agents for NATAL AGENCY, TRUST, AND INSURANCE CO. (LIMITED), of Pietermarits)
Office of GARDNER'S PARCEI.S AND GOODS FORWARDING AGENCY to and jrom SOUTH AFRICA.

|

.

VAVELL, MRS.—Paintings and Draw-

of Cape Wild Flowers. (See Fine Art
CAPE COMMISSION.—(1) Native
Plant. (2) Fleabush. (8) Bushman Grass
f, (4) Zybosh or Silk Bark.

LADIES OF GEORGE, George.
ollection of Pressed and Mounted Ferns,

PHILLIP, MARY ANN, fea
nt, Cape Town.—Cape Grass and Ever-
ng Flowers.

5, HOBSON, 8. B., & BROS., Ebe-
or, Graaff Reinet.---Specimens of curious
nts,

6. TEMPLEMAN, R., Cape Town,—
cles made of everlasting flowers.

7, VON SCHADHE, MRS. JESSIE C.,
pnberg.—Siiver Leaves pressed, and Articles
ufactured therefrom.

CERBPALS,

9. CAPE COMMISSION.—A Oollec-
of Cereals.

2. ATTWELL & CO., Cape Town,—
als, Flour, and Bread Stuffs, &.

1. BROWN, C., King William’s
m—White and yellow Mealies (Indian

2. CLOETE, J.AN.—Wheat.

. LANGFORD & SCOTT, Artois
» hear Ceres.—F lour.

™m PORT ELIZABETH STHAM
LS CO. (THE), Port Elizabeth.—
Sples of Flour, &c. ui

5} RABIE, PETER & PHILLIP,
re, alte Barley, grown from
prted seed,

f, RUSSAU BROS,— Vheat, Rye, and

. STEPHAN BROS., Cape ‘Town,
ye from Saldanha Bay district,

Preserven Fruits, Jams, &o.

p PERLIN MISSION, Amalien-
oe Ledismith.—Dried Fruits, prepared by
ves,

HN JAMESON WHISKEY,”

The Leading DUBLIN MAKE.

Cape of Good Hope.

Also, VAUGHAN-JONES’ “STANDARD”
Sold by all Dealers throughout Fndia, the Colories,

803
130. BEYERS, J. M., Stellenbosch,—
Preserved Fruits,
131. BROOKES, ALFRED, Port
Elizabeth.—Preservey,

132. BRUNETTE, MRS8., Cape Town.
—Chutney and Pickles,

133. DYER, J. E., M.D., Cape Town.
—Preserved Fruit,

134. GLASS, BROS.. Graham’s Town.
—Jams and Jellies made from Colonial Fruits.

135. HILL, J. J., & CO., Cape Town,—
Jams made from Colonial Fruits.

136. KELLY & Co., Port Elizabeth,—
Jams and Preserved Fruits.

137. VOLSTEEDT, J. P., Cape Town.
—Cape Fruits preserved whole in ayrup.

RIGG, CHRISTOPHER, Cape
Town. -- Desiccator for drying frvit. (See
exhibit of Honey.)

RaIsrns,

I 9 DU_ TOIT, ANDRIES HEN-
DRIK, JUN., Hex River, Worcester,—
Raisins, stalk and loose, from Hex River.

140. HAMMAN, JOHANNES N.,
Worcester.—Raisins, stalk and loose, Sul-
tanas, Currants, grown in Worcester district.

141. LE ROUX, D.

B., Baden, Mon-
tagu. — Raisins,

stalk and loose, grown in

Montagu district,
142, MARAIS, PIETER WILLEM,
Wakkerstrom, Robertson.—Raisins, stalk

and loose, grown at Wakkerstrom.

143. RABIE, DIRK DE VOS, Brak
ley, Worcester.—Raisins, stalk and loose,
grown at Brak Vley.

Hops,

145. CLOETE, D., Newlands, Cape
Town.—Hops, grown at N ewlands,

146. LETTERSTEDT & CO., New-
jones, Cape Town.—Hops, grown at News
ands,

VEGETABLE Wax.

147, HALL, Dh., ~ ape Town.—Berry-
wax from berries of Myrica Oerifera.

HAS. DAY & CO., 17, Water Lane, London, E.C.

SOLE EXPORT BOTTLING AGENTS FOR THE FAMOUS

VAUGHAN - JONES’
*° ©. 1. G.”
HIGHLAND MALT Wuigxy,

Spirits, &o.
&e,

MOTTA T WRG OM Ye ETE ee et Te

804

148. ZINN, H. P., Welgelegen, Hu-
mansdorp.—Gum Wax, from Cape wax-berry
myrtle ; used for making soap and candles,

49. NUCLEUS SOAP AND
CANDLE WORKS (THE), Port Eliza-
beth.—(1) Vegetable Wax, Ash of Ganna
Bush, &c., used for making candles and soap.

2) Specimens of Candles aud Soap.

Corron,

HOLDSTOCK, EH. W., Bast London.
—Sumple of Cotton, (See under silk Exhibits.)

Tobacco.
.51. MASON, G. J., Balfour.—Tobacco,
grown in Stockenstrom district.

152, OUDTSHOORN CHAMBER OF
co ERCE.—Tobacco.

153. POCOCK, A. A., Oudtshoorn.--
Tobacco.

154. PRINCE, VINTCENT, & CO.,

Mossel Bay. — Leaf
Oudtshoorn district.

wey VAN WYK, STEPHANUS JO-
NES, Vergelegen, Oudtshoorn.—
Samples of Tobacco of various kinds, grown at
Vergelegen.

156. JOSEPH & GLUCKSTEIN, Vic-
toria West.—Manufacture of Cape Tobacco.

4

Tobaceo, grown in

Wines, Spirits, &co.

157, CAPE COMMISSION.—A selec-
tion of Wines made from the following grapes:
—Stein, Green Grape, Muscatel, Hanepoort, and
Pontac. These Wines have been specially pre-

ared under the superintendence of Baron Von
bo, Expert to the Cape Government.

Wine Spirits, specially distilled by Mr. Van
Es, under the direction of Dr. P. D. Hahn,
Professor of Chemistry at the South African
College,Cape Town. All information respect-
ing these Wines and Spirits can be obtained
from Mr. Le Roux, Special Wine Commissioner
appointed by the Government of the Cape of
Good Hope, t the Office of the Cape Commis-
sion in the Exhibition. She Wines may be
tasted at the General Bodega in the Central
Gallery, and at Messrs. Spiers and Pond’s re-
freshment bar adjacent to the Cape Court.

158 BURGES, A. P., Montagu.—Cape
Wines.

Cape of Good Hope.

159. COLLISON, HENRY C,, 6
Town.—Wines of various kinds,

160. PARKES, JOHN J., Wheatlan
—Brandy. ;

160a. PAARL WINE AND BRAND
CO.—Wines and Spirits,

161. BOSENBERG, C. H., Cape Tc
—Aromatic, Stomachic Bitters,

162. LE ROUX, D. B., Montagy
Wines.

1621. MARAIS, PETER.— Wines.

162. SHELDON, THOMAS, Paarl
Argol.

MEDICINAL PLANTS, &0.

164. CAPE COMMISSION.—A col
tion of Medicinal Plants, classified by }
Hammond ‘Tooke, Cape, ''own; from collecti¢
placed at the disposal of the Cape Commis
by Messrs. Beyers, Fischer, and Hettasch, }
Hanau, Dr. Muskett, and J. Rose Innes,

BEYERS, V. J., Caledon.—Medici
Herbs. (See under Cape Commission.)

165. BECK, J. H. MEIRING, MI
&c., Rondebosch.— Protexein, a white a
staliine substance, prepared from a species
Lencodendron, of great use in local ialarig
fevers.

166. FLETCHER, E. C., Kentbuy
King William’s Town.—Croft’s Tine
for Snake Bite, made at Graham’s Town.

HETTASCH, Rev. A., Genadend
Moravian Mission, Caledon,—Medici
Herbs. (See under Cape Commission.)

167. JURITZ, Dr. C. F., Cape Town:
Collection of Medicinal Plants.

168. LEINBERGER & CO. Po
Elizabeth.—Buchu Leaves. .

169. PRINCE; VINTCENT, & C1
Mossel Bay.—Aloes, from districts of Moi
Bay and Riversdale.

170. SHAW, JESSE, Fort Beaufort
Colonial Medicina] Preparations.

171. WOOLBY, Dr., Transkei.—Me
cinal Plants.

172, PARENT, D. L., Cape Towr
Medicinal Herbs.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty

THE CHEAPSIDE GOLD KEYLESS #-PLATE LEVER, in strong 18-carat crystal gi
case, jewelled in 13 actions, chronometer balance. The cheapest Watch ever produced, £12, £15, £18, £21,

Hunting or Half-Hunting cases, £15, £12, £21, £24.

GOLD HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING #-Plate KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETE

in massive full-sized 18-carat case, strong and durable.

For all extremes of climate this Watch is invaluabie,

is manufactured for hunting and rough wear. £26, £20, £35,

Woops,

m3, FOREST DEPARTMENT or
ii CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.—(1)
lection of Woods from the various Forests of
Cape Colony, comprising :—a. Woods from
ysna Forests ; b. Woods from Eastern Forests ;
Yoods from Western and Northern Divisions ;
Woods of Naturalised Trees. In all, speci-
ns of the wood of eighty-five different trees
shown. (2) List of Trees cultivated at the
sery of the Western Forest Division, ‘l'okai,
distribution. (8) Portions of old Sleepers
arious ages and different kinds, of Colonia
hibited by the Railway Department.

le, with parquetry top, made of portions of
hsleepers, Portions of Sleepers (a) Creosoted
the Colony, (b) treated with Chloride of
, collected by Mr. John Brown, Resident
yineer. (4) Herbarium, containing botani-
specimens of the principal trees of the
tern Forests, collected by Mr. D. E.
chins, Conservator of Forests, King Wil-
’s Town. (5) Herbarium, containing bo-
cal specimens of the principal trees of the
ysna Forests, collected by Mr. F. G. Four-
¢, Forest Department, Knysna. (6) Col-
ion of Barks of some of the Knysna Forest
e8, collected by Mr. J. Cooper. (7) Berries,
erved in spirits, of seventeen species from
King William’s Town Forests, collected by
D. Ki. Hutchins, (8) Euphorbia Juice or
» prepared by Mr. D. E. Hutchins. (9)

es of various Plants made into Rope, con-

uted by Mr. Bromley, Public Works
partment, Storms River. (10) Model of
uber Waggon used at Knysna. (1 1) Sneeze-
bd Socket or Shoe, used for ten years in a
HP. turbine, contributed by Mr. J. J.
ne, Waterford, King William’s Town. (12)
ls, Ladles, Walking-sticks, carved by

simen at Storm’s River Convict Station,
ibuted by Dr. Kingston. (18) Walking-

ks made by Fingoes in the King William’s
n Division. (14) Collection of Knysna

est Birds, contributed by Mr. Hare, Knysna,

Furniture.

5. CAPE COMMISSION. — Bedroom
te in Yellow Wood, with stinkwood decora-
» by D. Isaacs & Son, Cape Town.

§. ISAACS, D., & CO., Cape Town.—
Laurel (stink) Wood Dining-room Suite.
88 of Turning Woods.

OO Ot. All OT ae at ae cee eae

Cape of Good Hope.

305

177. KAFIR INSTITUTION, Gra-
ham’s Town (Principal, REV. CANON
MULLINS).—Furniture made by the Native
Apprentices of the Institution.

178. MICHELL, L., Cape Town, ~
Table made of Colonial Woods.

LOVEDALE MISSIONARY IN-
STITUTE, Alice,—Furniture, Specimens of
Wood Turning, &. (See Native Department.)

Carts, Waaaons, &c,

18. BRINK, ADRIAN SMUTS,
Fearl.—Oape Cart made of various Colonial
oods.

181. CLARKE, W., Bedford.—Whwels
and Spokes of Assegai Wood.

182. COOPER, W. COLLINS, Cape
Town.—Cape Travelling Cart.

183. QUICK & THOROGOOD, Port
Elizabeth.—Model of 'Trader’s Waggon of
Colonial Wood.

18. ACKERMANN, ALFRED §, E.,
Cape Town.—Two Violins, one partly, the
other entirely, of Colonial Woods.

186. BRUNETTE, MRS., Rondebosch.
—Omaments made of Melon Seed.

187. DONALD CURRIE & CO., Lon-
don and Cape Town.—Oollection of Articles
of Colonial workmanship.

188. MARAIS. W. B. R., Worcester.—
Model of a Wine Wagon.

MINERALS.

Diamonds, Crocidolite, Coal, Salt, Copper Ores,
Building Stones, &c.

18. CAPE COMMISSION.—A Serics

of Geological and Mineralogical Rpecithent
ees for the Commission by E. J. Dunn,
GS.

191. CAPE COMMISSION.—The entire
process of diamond mining, washing, sorting,
cutting, and polishing. ‘The blue-ground has
been placed at the disposal of the Cape Com-
mission by various Mining Companies at Kim-
berley, De Beer’s, Du Toit’s Pan, and Bult-
fontein through the Kimberley Local Com-
mittee. The washing and sorting machinery

tee see nee 2 ae

28

HOWARD PARQUET,

FLOOR COVERINGS WEHIOCE

ILL NOT WEAR OUT.

26, BERNERS STREET, w.

x

306 Cape of Good Hope.
199. LILIENFELD BROS., Hoy
town.—Specimens of Crocidolite; cutting a
polishing.
200. PATON. THEOPHILUS, &

lees, Dalry, Ayrshire.
dolite; cutting and polishing.

has been lent to the Commission by Messrs.
Davey, Paxman & Co., and the cutting, polish-
ing and setting is illustrated at the request of
the Commission by Messrs. Ford and Wright,
of Clerkenwell Green.

wit KIMBERLEY LOCAL COM-
TT BE.—(1) Diamonds in the rou h and
matrix, exhibite: by :—(a) The Frenc Dia-
mond Mining Company, Kimberley. (6) De
Beer's Diamond Mining Company. (c) Phoenix
Diamond Mining Company, Du Toit’s Pan. (d)
French and D’Esterre Diamond Mining Com-
pany, Bultfontein mine. (2) Model show-
ing a sectional block of the Kimberley mine in
1878. (8) Model of a cradle rippie washing
machine. (4) Model of horse-whim. (5)
Working model of a sectional block of » portica
of the Griqualand West Diamond Mining Com-
pany, Du Toit’s Pan mine. (6) Working mode.
of a complete washing gear with pulsator. (7)
Working model of an im roved Gravitation
Washing Machine designed by Mr. C. A. Black-
beard. (8) -Model of the Buitfontein Diamond
mine, Griqualand West, in 1885, showing with
completeness the aerial hauling gears now
employed, a portion of the depositing floors, and
the complete washing gear of the Bultfontein
Diamond Mining Company. (9) Collections of
logical and mineralogical specimens from
imberley mine, De Beer's mine, Du Toit’s Pan
mine, Bultfontein mine, and Vaal River Dig-
gings. (10) Sectional drawings and charts of
the above mines. (11) Plans showing owncr-
ship of claims in the several mines. (12) A
series of photographs illustrative of the mines

and :nethods of working.

193) HILL AND PADDON, Barkly
‘West.—(1) Diamonds in the Rough from the
River’ diggings near Barkly West. (2) Pebbles
from River diggings.

195. CAPE COMMISSION.—Specimens
of Crocidolite, collected for the Commission by
Mr. E. J. Dunn, F.GS.

_ HARRIS, ELIAS, Du Toit’s Pan
rocidolite, asbestos and crystal amethyst
from Griqualand West.

197, HARRIS, LEHMANN & CO.,

mek, Barkly. — Crocidolite, rough,
polished and manufactured into jewellery.

198. J' OSEPH & GLUCKSTEIN,
Victoria West.—Crocidolite in the rough;
polishing, turning, and manufacture.

BARTON & CO., WIRE MERCHANTS, LOND

Offices: 50, ST. JAMES’ ST

| Via | Vere
CHAMPAGNE. 90/- ay

‘Also, a large stock of 1874 ch

202. CYPHERGAT COAL MININ
Co. (THE), Cyphergat.—Section of
coal seams worked in the Cyphergat mine.

20
CO. (THE), J. J. Von Straaten.—Samy
of Coal.

.INDWE COAL-MINING C
(THe WE

Indwe —{1) Section of the Indwe }
(2) Speciisens of roof, sandstone and coals fr
each seam.

205. VICE, G., Molteno.—Section of e
seams worked at the Molteno mine ; fossils fou
in the coal measures.

206. HITZEROTH BROS. Hit
rothspan, near Uitenhage.—Salt of vario
qualities from natural pan.

ath STEPHAN BROS., Cape fo
—f
Cape Town. (See Exhibit of Guano, ke.)

208. CAPE
Copper Ores exhibited by the Cape
Mining Company, Namagualand. (2) Ph
graphic views of the mines. (8) Specime
Copper from the Oitabi mine, Damaraland.

209. CAPE COPPER MINING @
(THE

Co. (THE), O’okiep.—Specimens of Caf
ores.

Town and London.—Silver, lead, and
ores, from Namaqualand.

Port, #: zabeth.—Wrought-iron gates
posed for main entrance of
Market, made entirely by the Exhibitor.

er mmo
70/- 72/-. 74/- 78/- 84/-
Ancording to date of landing, quan ty, and d

cice branded Charmpagnes, from 100/- to 180/- per dozen.

~—Specimens of Cro

Coat.

3. FAIR VIEW COAL - MININ

), Manager, JAMES M. '

Sat.

ait from a natural pan at Yzerfontein,

Corrzr, Leap, St.vEr, &e.
COMMISSION. ~—

).—(See previous exhibit.)
210. NAMAQUALAND COPE

arr. SPENCE & DE PASS, om

212. Lewd, Jd., Vulean Iron Wor
Port Bialm

Vintage 1889,
96/- 100/-
sree of exe

Cape of Good Hope. 807

225. SOLOMON, SAUL & CO., Cape
Town.—Samples of book binding.

226. JUTA, J. C., & CO., Cape Town,
—Cape of Good Hope Civil Service List.

LOVEDALE MISSIONARY
INSTITUTE. —Samples of printing and
bookbinding by natives. (See “under Native
Department.)

Buide Stones, Cray, &c.

213. CAPE COMMISSION. — (1)
franite from the Paarl, used in construction of
he Graving Dock, Cape Town. (2) Marble from
oe ‘Troe, Clanwilliam division. (8) Sand-
tone from Mossel Bay. (4) Millstone or grind-
one from Mossel Bay. (5) Clays and kaolin
om various localities.

214. MAITLAND JAMES, Graham’s
own.—Stones for building or monumental

a5. RUSCONI, AUGUST, Marais-
urg, Cradock.—-Stone monument made by
¢ Exhibitor.

a6. SEWELL, J. F., Plettenberg
, Knysna.—Sandstones and Clays of
ous kinds.

217, ANDERSON, W. G., JUN., Cape
wn.—Stalactite from a cave near Danger
pint, Caledon district. ,

a8. ATHERSTONE, The HON.
. G., M.L.C., Graham’s Town.—Speci-
ins of petrified wood,

19. CAPE COMMISSION. — Spcei-

ns of Clays from various localities,

220, LUCAS, J. P., Port Elizabeth.—
pcimens of Clays.

21. ARROW, J., Port Elizabeth.—
Wer pots, fern pans, &c., made from Colonial

«INE Arr Storton.
Oil Paintings,

227. CROSSMAN, MRS. F. G., Ronde-
bosch.—Belladonna lilies,

228. DE SMIDT, A., Surveyor-Gene-
ral, Cape Town.—Knysna Heads.

4 229. FALLS, R. E., Rondebosch.—Kalk
ay.

230. FLETCHER, MRS. HERBERT,
Cape Town.—(1) Wild flowers. (2) Fruit.
ca Cape Flats, Wynberg. (4) Wynberg

231. FORD, JAMES (Master of School
of Art), Cape Town.—Studies of fruit and
heath.

232, LESLIE, HARRY C. (Master of
School of Art), Port Elizabeth.—(1) The
Drift, Van Staaden’s River. (2) Zwartkops.
(3) Van Staaden’s River,

233. MOORE, LOPTIE M., Wynberg,
Cape.—Wild flowers.

234. ROSS, ROBERT'M., Cape Town.
~—T'wo Paintings of Cape scenery, by the late
Thomas Baines.

235. SCHRODER, W. H., Cape Town.
—Portrait of the late Bishop Colenso,

a. SOUT AFRICAN FINE ARTS
ASSOCIATION, Cape Town, — (1)
Knysna Forest, by W. Hermann, (2) Sunset,
Sea-point, by W. Hermann. (8) Ostriches,
Sunrise, by C. Rolando. (4) Ostriches, Sunset,
by C. Rolando. (5) Table Mountain from
Newlands, by ©. Rolando. (8) Table Mountain
from Bright Court, by ©. Rolando. (7) Ox
waggon, by W. MeCallum.

2, WILLIAMS, THOMAS DAVID,
t Londor.—Ore Stamper driven by steam
er or vompressed air, with boxing arrange-
ts adapted to gold mining.

MINERAL Waters.

CAPE COMMISSION, — Speci-
of Mineral Waters from the various
ybeate and thermal springs in the Cape
ny ; collected aud analysed for the Com-
lon by Dr. P. D. Hahn, Professor of Che-
y in the South African College, Cape

Printing AnD Booxsrnprxe.

RICHARDS, W. A. & SONS,
rament Printers, Cape Town,— 237. VOLSCHENK, J., Riversdale.—
wens of printing and bookbinding, Montagu Pass,

THE NEW STANDARD DICTIONARY. “ Truly a National Work.” —Sprcraton.
each, Part I, A~Ant; Part Ii., AnteBatten.

EW ENGLISH DICTIOMARY ON HISTORICAL PRINCIPLES,

Edited by JAMES A. H. MURRAY, LL.D.
{nccnparably superior to any other work of the kind in the English language.""—Times, Match 12. ‘Stupendous.’ —Guardi "
a widbous parallel,"”--decdemy, * Unique and ha sf bw ig oe This wonderful book.” —St, James's Ganette,
Succseding Parts will it is hoped be issued every SIX MONTES, and the whole will be completed
TWENTY-FOUR PARTS. PROSPRCTUSES AT ALL BOOKSELLERS.

Loxpoy:; HENRY FROWDE, Clarendon Press Warehouse, Amen Corner, E.0,
x 2

808 Cape of Good Hope.

238. WHITE, ROBERT, Brighton,| 251. THWAITS, FLORENCE. —
England. — A series of 56 Paintings of | Cape Fishes: a series of twenty water-cok
colonial scenery, natives, &0., by the late drawings. (2) Cape Flowers: a series of ¢
Thomas Baines. water-colour drwings.

252. WAVELL, MRS. — Cape
flowers: a series of 150 water-colour drawing

2520. WRIGF' 'S G. §.—Kimberley lit

Warer-CoLtour DrawInecs.

gr HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN.
—H.M.S. Orontes leaving Simon’s Bay with
the body of the late Prince oe 0 of France,
June 15, 1879, H.M.SS. Active, Boadicea,
Orontes, and Tenedos firing minute guns: by
Catherine F. Frere.

241. BAIRNSFATHER, K. C., Port
eee a In the mye» (2) myo

wartkops, Evening. (3) Algoa Bay from
Emerald Hill. : . J

242, FRERE, CATHERINE F.—(1)
Series of paintings of Cape wild flowers. (2)
Landscape Drawings of various places in the
Cape Colony.

243. HOLLAND, MRS., Hampstead,
London.—Cape flowers.

244. LESLIE, HARRY C. (Master of

School of Art), Port Elizabeth.—({1) The

Valley, Port Elizabeth. (2) Baaken’s River,

oo Elizabeth. (8) The Valley, Port Eliza-
evn,

SrupEents’ DRAWINGS AND PAINTINGS,

253. SCHOOL OF ART, Cape To
(Master, James Ford, Esq.).—Dm
and paintings by Miss J. L. Forbes, F. Pf
L. A. Cobern, T. King, Miss L. Mason,
Webb, J. R. Koller, H. A. Tomkins, Miss St
Miss Murray, Miss M. Dryden, Miss A.
Clayton, Miss Ross, Miss A. M. Clayton, i
E. Clayton, T. Ninham, Miss E. J. Sok
J. Gray, W. Cook, C. Gollhard, W. Philj
J. Grindlay, J. Arderne, Miss N. Ashley, ¢
Williams, E. M. Ross, G. M. Ross, Mis
Bradshaw, I. Louw, G. Luckhoff, ané
Florence Sprigg.

254. SCHOOL OF ART, Grak
Town (Master, W. H. Simpson, Esq,
Drawings and paintings by Miss M. Tri
Miss M. Amm, Miss A. Seidler, Miss L. W
Miss L. Holland, Miss M. White, N. Porter,
Burnett Stocks, Miss M. Borcherds, Mis
Wall, Miss I. Bate, Miss J. Frames, C. Diy
O. Relly, A. H. Griffiths, T. Webber,
A. Longden, Miss E. Crozier, Miss M.A
Miss L. Irving, Miss B. Wood, Miss G. Feat
stone, Miss E. Stirk, and Miss Webb.

255: SCHOOL OF ART, Port &

beth (Master, Harry C. Leslie, Eo
Drawings and paintings by G. Ainslie, D.
Souter, H. A. Chase, A. Leggat, Miss M. Pu
Miss M. Thomas, Miss J. Daly, Miss M. Edw:
Miss Z. MacGill, Miss Brister, Miss Bar
Miss Miiton, Mivs F. Mitchell, F. Pemba

245. MACLEAR, AUGUSTA, Mow-
bray.—(1) Sketches of Cape Scenery. (2)
Studies of flowers.

246. MARCUS, H. C., Montagu.—(1)
Montagu Village during the Vintage. (2)
| scl Cards. (3) Series of drawings of wild

owers.

247, MORSTATT, H., Cape Town.—
Cape edible fishes: a series of thirty-six water-
colour drawings. (See Fishes.)

248. ROTHKUGEL, R.—Eight water-
colour drawings. B. Pemberton, F. A. Jones, H. 0. Tut
249. SCHRODER, W. H., Cape Town. | Gough, M. D. Johnstone, F. Craigie, J. Fi
—Series of 18 Sketches of native chiefs and | son, J. Knox, Miss Wood, E. France, i
Malays, Sketch of a Gaika woman and child. Pettit, A. Kirkwood, Miss J. Kirkwoot,

H. Ablett, Miss A. Geard, Miss 8. D

aco. SOUTH AFRICAN FINE ARTS | Miss C. Hallack, Miss Sherman, and Mrs

OCIATION. — Seven Water-colour | ness, and by Pupils of the Holy }
Drawings by the late T. W. Bowler. (1) | Convent.

Table Mountain from Robben Island, (2) The

Native Hospital, King William’s Town. (8)| _ 256. SCHOOL OF ART, Uiteul

The Booma Pass. (4) Fort Armstrong. (6)| (Master, Harry C. Leslie, Bs,

Knysna Estuary. (6) Wolf River, Kafirland. | Machine drawings by J. Connerty apd

(7) Water Kloof. Connerty.

==) LUXOR aed

A
CIGARETTES
MARKED THREE DISTINCT QUALITIES :—~SPECIAL—FIRST—SECOND.

“LUXOR.” | ALEXANDRIA CIGARETTE CO., Ltd., 63 & 64, New Broad St., London,
AGENTS WANTED FOR ALL THE COLONIES,

ARCHITECTURAL Drawines.
. KIMBERLEY LOCAL Com. 260. BARNARD, 8. B., Cape Town,—

berley. — Drawings and
of buildings erected or about to be
in the Colony, by Mr, Sydney Stent,
CL, F.RIB.A. (1) New Wesleyan
» Queenstown, (2) New Wesleyan |
Schovl, and Parsonage, King William’s
(3) Town Hall, Graham’s Town. (4)
Chureh, Tarkastad. (5) New All Saints’
Beaconsfield.

Photographs.

261. BRUTON, J. E., Cape Town.—
Photographs of Cape Town and suburbs.

262. HARRIS, ROBERT, Port Eliga-
beth.—Photographic views.

|_ 263. HERMANN, W., Cape Town,—
Photographs of views in the Cape Colony.
REID, A. H, ARIBA, Port.

—Drawings of Pietermaritzburg | 264. ROE, WILLIAM, Graaff Reinet.
Hall, —Photographs of Colonial scenery.

SOUTH AFRICA.
By the Cape of Good Hope Commission.

PHY of Antelopes froia the South African Hunting Groundg, collected by F. Courteney
Selous. Collection of Afriean Game. Trophies of Bull Elephant and White Rhinoceros,
hunted and shot by J.S8. Jameson. An Elephant’s Head, the property of W. M. Kerr, Esq

Designed, arranged, and Modelled by
Row.anp Warp, F.Z.8., 166, Piccadilly, London

iter

810 ; Advertisements.

BY SPECIAL APPOINTMENT
CLOCKMAKERS TO THE ROYAL COMMISSION

FOR THE

COLONIAL ann IND? AND INDIAN EXHIBITIO

JOHN MOORE and SOM

CHURCH, TURRET, MUSICAL, HOUSE, AND SHIP

CLOCK
MANUFACTURERS,
38 & 89, CLERKENWELL CLOSE, LONDON, t

MAKERS TO

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN.
H.R.H. THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH.

H.M.’S OFFICE OF WORKS. | THE WAR OFFIOE.

THE LORDS OF THE ADMIRALTY. THE INDIA COUNCIL.

THE COLONIAL GOVERNMENT, THE RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT.
THE EMPEROR OF OHINA. THE EMPEROR OF BRAZIL.

THE QUEEN OF MADAGASCAR, &c.

PRIZE MEDAL for Excellence, International Exhibition, 1862,
By Appointment International Fisheries Exhibition, 1883.

By Appointment International Health Exhibition, 1884.

By Appointment International ventions Exhibition, 1886.

ee

ESTABLISHED 1794.
FOR EXHIBITS, SEE COMPLIMENTARY LIST, Page lexiv.

NATAL.

Colony of Natal is situated on the eastern side of South Africa, 800 miles beyond the Cape
Good Hope, and facing the Indian Ocean. It is included between the 29th and 32nd
Is of south latitude, and hag a sea coast about 150 miles long. It comprises within itself
000 square miles, or, in round numbers, 11,000,000 acres, of land, and is about one-third the
of England. A line stretching from the sea port to the northern extremity of the Colony is
50 miles long. The Colony is roughly of a diamond shape, the north-western frontier being
ed by the Drakenbergen Mountains, which constitute the edge of the central tableland of
ica; the south-eastern frontier by the sea coast facing the Indian Ocean; the north-eastern
mtier by the River Tugela, which separates the Colony from Zululand; the south-eastern
ntier by the Umtamfume River, Adam Kok’s Land, Basuto Land, and the Orange River Free
tate. The northern point of the Colony connects it with the Transvaal District, and is within
20 miles of the southern tropic.

Eight maps illustrate the physical and industrial features, and the meteorological
aracteristics of the Colony, which are described in detail in the special catalogue.’ These
ps are :—

1, Physical Map of Natal. Dr. Mann.

2. Industrial Map of Natal, giving the distribution of the land into farms and reserved

tions for the natives, Dr. Mann.

8. Sketch of the frequency of both winds and thunderstorms at Pietermaritzburg, 50 miles
m the sea, and 2,050 ft. high. Dr. Mann.

4, Sketch of the rainfall at Pietermaritzburg during eight yeara. Dr. Mann.

5. Sketch of the monthly rainfall at Pietermaritzburg during eight years. Dr. Mann.

6. Range of temperature at Pietermaritzburg during eight years. Dr. Mann.

7. Railway Map of the Colony. Compiled by Mr. W. Carr, Railway Engincer. Exhibited
Natal Commissioners.

8. Geological, Postal, and Telegraph Map of th= Colony. P. C. Sutherland, M.D., J.P.,

veyor-General of the Colony.

oN

812 Advertisements,

“Painless and Perfect Dentistry.

A NEW PAMPHLET, GRATIS and POST FREE, by

Dr. GEO. H. JONES, F.RS.L. FRMS, &

Surgeon=HDentist,
57, GREAT RUSSELL STREET,

Facing British Museum Entrance,

rE: ON DON.

Contains a List of DIPLOMAS, GOLD and SILVER MEDALS
and other AWARDS obtained at the Great Internation
Exhibitions, forwarded Gratis and Post Free.

My Dsar Srr,—Allow me to express my sincere thanks for the skill an
attention displayed in the construction of my Artificial Teeth, which render m
mastication and articulation excellont. I am glad to hear that you have obtaine
Her Majesty’s Royal Letters Patent to protect what I consider the perfection
Painless Dentistry. In recognition of your valuable services you are ¢
liberty to use my name.

8. G. HUTCHINS,
By appointment Surgeon- Dentist
G. H. Jonns, Esq., D.D.S. Her Majesty the Queen.
ee
Sorzntiric Department,

Laporatory oF EXPERIMENTAL SOTrENCE
This is to certify :--That I have snalysed the Prize Medal Teeth submitted
me, and find them to be composed cnly of minerals of extreme purity. I ha
also examined and tested your patented painless system of adjustment. It!
quite perfect, and is the most successful application of scientific laws f
securing actual wear and comfort yet introduced. Both physically a
anatomically, they are a beautiful resemblance to the natural teeth.
(Signed), EDWARD V. GARDNER, F.H.S., M.S.A.,
Professor of Chemistry, and of Berners College, ¥
To G. H. Jorzs, Esq., Surgeon-Dentist,
57, Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury Square, London.

BRANCH AT NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA:
Mr. ARTHUR ‘ELSTOB, Registered Dental-Surgeon, Beach Grove, Sm
Street, DURBAN.

Naial. 313

Cass 1,

Sugar, Coffee, Tea, and Arrowroot.
Sugar, Yellow Crystals, from Reunion.
White Crystals, Blackburn. Fine Washed
hyrup, Blackburn. Second Syrup, Black-
1D. FineYellow Crystal, Redcliffe.
fellow Syrup, Redcliffe. Finest White

al, La Merce.
Vmvoti Mission.

NATAL CENTRAL £UGAR COM-
PANY, Mount Edgecumbe, Victoria

HAWKSWORTH, BENEFVA, Um-
into.— Two samples Wetzel Pan Sugar.

REYNOLDS, FRANK, Umzinto.—
White Crystal and Yellow Crystal Sugar.

WKSWORTH BROS., Equeefa,
Jmzinto.— Wetzel Sugar. Yellow
jugar, ‘Treacle Sugar.

METCALF, Tongaat.—-
own 1885, 125 Ibs.
ntaining 2,000 Ibs.

AIKEN, D. C., Umzimkulu— Pea
erry Coffee. Common Natal Cofice.

BISSETT, WALTER, Lower Um-—

Coffee
Coffee, sixtcen sacks

Mnkulu.- Pea Berry Coffee. Com-
on Natal Coffee. Coolie Rice.
» THOMAS, Umzinto.—
Coffee,

ARBUTHNOT, F. J.. Umazinto. —
Coffee.

BRICKHILL, J Prospect
state, Umbilo.—(1) One case Tea. (2)
mples Assam Tea. (3) Samples China Tea.
) Samples China Tea. (5) Samples Tea,

wam and China mixed. (6) Samples Tea, |

#sam and China mixed. (7) Samples Assam
ain Tin. (8) Samples China Tea in Tin.
‘ gs Pe samples Tea, Assam and China
xed, all varieties of Pekoe, Souchong and
ongo, as prepared for customers.

LARGE, ROBERT 8., Richmond-on-
he-Tlovo,— Case of China Tea.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65

Case Buckwheat.

NATAL COMMISSION.— irty-
two Boxes Tea, from the Estate of J.
Hulett, M.L.C., Kearsney, Stanger. Fifteen
boxes (50 Ibs.) Pekoe Souchong, case 1; five
boxes (50 Ibs.) F Pekoe Souchong, case 2; one
box (60 Ibs.) B Pekoe, case 3; eight boxes (56
Ibs.) Pekoe, case 4; two boxes (60 lbs.) A
Pekoe, case 5; one box (60 lbs.), Golden Pekoe,
case 6.

ASHWELL, CLAYTON J., Island
Farm, Stanger.— Four Samples Tea.

NATAL COMMISSION.— One Case
(134 Ibs.) Arrowrooi.

STUDD, D., Tongaat.—One Case (150
Ibs.) Arrowroot.

JAMESON & CO., Durban. —
One Sample Natal Arrowroot.

BUTTERY, THOS, Umgeni.—
Arrowroot.

PEARCE, WM., Lower Illovo.—
Arrowrcot.

LANDERS, MRS. JOSHUA.—

Arrowroot.

Crass 2,
Tobacco.
BISSETT, GENERAL SIR J. J.
K.C.M.G.— Leaf Tobacco.

NICHOLSON, Jun., near Richmond.
_ Roll Tobacco.

REID, & ACUTT, Durban.— _— 40) Ibs.
Loose Cut Transvaal Boer Tobacco, Koodoo
Brand; price 8d. per Ib, 50 Ibs. Cut
Transvaal Tobacco, Koodoo Brand; price 10d.

per Ib. Ten 5 \b.-bags Koodoo Brand;
price 9d. per lb.
Crass 3.
Grain.

BIRKETT,F.J.,Ladysmith— One
Case Kafir Corn (Millet). One Case Natal
Wheat.

NATAL COMMISSION.— One
Red and Black Beans.

& Cheapside, London.

Patch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

DIES’ SILVER KEYLESS WATCHES, perfect for time, beauty, and workmanship,
Wit’ plain polished or richly engraved silver cases, strong crystal glass, air, damp and dust tight. £2 to £6,

et SILVER KEYLESS HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING WATCHES. in

allver cises, superior finish, fewelled movements. Elegant in appearance, accurate and reliable. £4 to £7.

a
3 eS ae ae

ps

hose are Yl

B ’
Bag Natal Flour. Barley.
One Bag White Mealies (Maize, Indian Corn).

POLTON, ROBT., Umlazi. near
Richmond.— One Bag Linseed.
One Bag Red Beans.

NICHOLSON, JOHN C., Richmond.
One Bag Yellow Mealies (Maize, Indian

—

Corn).

, JOHN, Umzinto.—
Red, Yellow, and White Mzalies (Maize).

MOORE BROTHERS— On» Bag
Peas.
MARWICK, JOHN.— Onc Bag

White Mealies (Maize, Indian Corn).

NICHOLSON,
One Bag White
Corn).
MARWICK,
Cats.

NORTON, PHILIP, Riet Vlei, nr.

WILLIAM, SEN.—
Mealies (Maize, Indian

JOHN. — One Bag

Greytown.— _ Barley, Barley Wheat,
Oats.

BISSETT, GEN. SIR J. J., K.C.M.G.,
Alicedale, Umzimkulu. — Mealies,
Mealie Cobs, Rice, Red Beans.

BOTANIC GARDENS. — Sample
Dur-Dur.

NEWMARCH, GEO. WM, Grey-
town.— Barley, two kinds. White
Mealies. Cold. Beans.

HAWKSWORTH BROS.— Yellow

and White Mealie Meal.
THOMSON, WILLIAM, Umzinto.—

Coolie-Rice.
KNOK, CHARLES, Umzinto.—
Kafir Corn.

KIRKMAN, JOHN, Umzinto.—
Yellow, Red, and White Mealies.

BISSETT, WALTER, Lower Um-
gimkulu.— Coolie-Rice.

CURRY, THOMAS, New Leeds.—
White Mes ios.

MEDAL, Inventions Exhibitiox

Natal.

KING, JOHN, Lynedoch, Karkloof
Mealie Cobs and Grain.

Cass 4.
Fruit and Vegetable Produce.

JAMESON & COMPANY, Durban
—Twenty-eight Samples Preserved Fruit:
(1) Pineapple Jam (Ananas). (2) Pineapp
in slives. (3) Pineapple, reserved Whol
(4) Granadilla Jam (Passiflora edulis).
Onnae Marmalade (Citrus awrantium). (6
Gooseberry Jam, Ca (Physalis pube
(7) Loquet Jam (fruit of a pomaceous plant
(8) Amatungula Jam (fruit of Arduinia gra
diflora, an apocynaceous plant). (8) Quine
and Loquat Je Y (Cydoia vulgaris). (1
Guava Jam. (11) Peach and Papaw J
(Carica papaya) (12) Guava Jam
Gcoseberry Jelly (Physalis scens). (18
Granadilla and Peach Jam (Passéflora edulus
(14) Pineapple Jam and Green Limes (Cit
limetta). (15) Mange Chutney (Mangife
indica), (16) Mango vc gar’ & (17) Mang
Chutney. (18) Mango Chutney. (ig
Banana Chutney (Musa paradisiaca). (2
Banana Chutney. (21) Tamarind Chutney
(Tamarindus indica). (22) Tamarind Chutney,
(23) Curry Paste. (24) Curry Powder,
Curry Powder. (26) Guava Jam and Je
(Osidium pomiferum). (27) Cayenne, (#
Cayenne.

LADD#, WM., Moor River.— Peal
Jam,

NORTON, PHILIP, Riet Vlei, Gre
town.— Preserved and Candied Fruits.

THOMPSON, MRS., Lower Umk
inazi.— Yayenne Pepper.

JUDSON, WM., Ladysmith. —
Dried Peaches. Dried Apples.

280i;

RBLAKER AND CAN

South Downs, Estcourt. Evaporal
Fruits.

NATAL COMMISSION. Freserve
Yellow and White Peaches. pgerve
Apples.

LANGLAND, WiLLIAM, Um
zinto.— Preserved Fruits and Jams.

1885.

ER

AIR PROPELL

IMPORTANT TO RESIDENTS IN HOT COUNTRIES:
THE CROSSLEY PUNKAH can be worked
requires only HALF THE POWER of any other rol
machine, and is only TWO-THIRDS THE PRICE, and ¢
beeasily moved from placeto place as occasion may requ

every minute.
14, 8ST. MARY AXE, LONDON, BC.

Awarded ONLY PRIZE
THE

a ad
CROSSLEY

THE CHEAPEST, SIMPLEST, AND MOST EFFICIENT ?
Alf PROPELLE® for COOLING, VENTILATING, AND
DRYING PURPOSES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. Un-
equalled for rapidly cool and zemoving
steam, dust, smoke, &c.,

“Changes the
0. W. CROSSLEY & CO.,

Crass 5.
Timber and Wood.

BOWKER, COLONEL, Durban.—
Specimens of Native Woods,

NATAL COMMISSION.—50 Sampleg
Colonial Wood,

and washed by
hand. (8) 1 Rough Piece, as used for cement,
lime, and whitening. (4) 1 Tin, part powder,
part oil colour, made from specimen No. 2.

FISHER, Greytown.— Blocks of
Stone.

BISSETT, GEN. SIR J., K.O.M.G.,
Umzimkulu.— = Marble, Pot-clay.

NATAL COMMISSION.— Sand-
stone. Specimens of Marth, Granite, Marble
Boulder Clay, Shale, Fossils from Coal
Formation,

JESSE SMITH & SONS, Pieter-
) on a aaa Building Sandsione, un-
ressed,

REYNOLDS, FRANK, Umsinto.~
Dolomite, Plumbago. Soapstone.

BAZLEY & SONS, Ifafa.—
Granite. — Pryrites and Earth, Soapstone,
Honestoue.

of

HOOPER.— 11 specimens of Section
of Trees in stencil.

BAZELEY, WILLIAM, Lower
Umzimkulu.--— 29 Sections of Wood.

FAYRER, THOMAS.— 13 sneci-
mens of Carved Native Wood.

GEER, W., Pietermaritzburg.—
Specimens of Netive Woods, alphabetically
arranged

NATAL COMMISSION.— Parts
of Waggon Work made of Natal woods,

Crass 6. é
TAYLOR, REV. T., Greytown. -~
Stone and Mineral Products, Gneiss. Iron Ore. Sandstone an
W. F., Dundee, — Specimens Shale, with fossils. Copper Ore.
of Natal Coal from Newcastle Division of the

SHUTTLEWORTH, H., Harding.—
Asbestos.

BUCK, Estcourt.— Fossil Dieynodon
(bones) from coal formation.

MOODIE’S GOLD MINING AND
EXPLORATION CO., Pietermaritz-
burg.— Specimens of Auriferous Quartz,

VICTORIA GOLD MINING CoO.,
Durban..— Auriferous Quartz:

CALEDONIAN GOLD MINING
CO., Durban.— Aanriferous Quartz.

GRICE & CO.—Auriferous Quartz.

Colony.

WALTON, J.C., M.1L.C., Ladysmith.—
Coal. Eiand’s Laagte Mine.

ADENDORFF, J. J., Newcastle,—
Coal. From Kilbarchan Mine.

SMITH, P., Ladysmith. — Stein-Coal-
Spruit. Coal. Stein Coal.

NATAL COMMISSION.— Green-
stone from Coal Formation.

SLATTER BROS., Greytown.—
Ironstone, from Newcastle Coal Field.

NATAL COMMISSION.— Sample
of Building Stone from Mount Moriah, Vic-
toria. 4 Blocks of Unpolished Granite, from
Inehange. 2 Blocks of Marble.

WAKELIN, C., Durban.— Speci-
mens of Earth Paints. ‘Terra de Natal, No. 1.
Terra de Natal, No. 2. For graining for
bir’s-eye marble, oak and mahogany, and
forming a strong body stone colour for

ts, Cakes 1 and 2 passed through
wishing machine and dried in the sun, (1)

CLass 7.
Specimens of Natural History.

NATAL COMMISSION.— Natal
Birds, 95 Species, named and arranged. Nos.
395 to 490.

NATAL COMMISSION AND PRI-
VATE EXHIPIUTORS.— Natal Birds.

Nos. 491 to 629. 118 Named Species, and
21 Unnamed Species.
Registered Trade Mark for Lampe,
“FAIRY.”

CLARKE’S (New Patent) [ Aree’ es Mark for Lighss,
6 ’ 6 $ “CAIRY"
om cory Yomp.__} “Fairy” Lamps and ‘Fairy’ Lights, | sumed’ m soy rm
ee Wea OUT, when ot hed fo hie soaltee thelr tithe? eyairy Lights” tes Tr rene ae —

The Patent “ FP, ” hts give a beautiful soft, steady light, and require no aitention after lighting, They can instantly
tatinguiahe! by we oR, pe Estinzulshor supplied with Svevy Lamp, and readily relighted.

&. be Ld “- ” Lights are Po iti a . .

The * Pairy ” Lasaps and — i ight ype a. Greet 3 inl, Brena, wrncny, Sdigtom, Austria, and the United States,

SAMUEL CLARKE, Patent Pyramid and Fairy Lamp and Light Works,
CHILD'S HILL, LONDON; AND NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A,

EEE SSSSSSSS:CSC“ SS =CS—*C oI

316
BOWKER, COLONEL, Durban.—
Specimens illustrative of Natural History.

NATAL SOCIETY, Pietermaritz-
burg.—Specimeons of Natal Birds.

SUTHERLAND, P. C., M.D., Sur-

veyor-General.— Specimens of Natal
Fishes.

NATAL COMMISSION.— Speci-
mens of Natural History.

VAN ROOYEN, G. T., Pinedale
Umvoti— Stem ot Tree Fern.

NATAL COMMISSION.— - Bea
Cow Head. Anteiope Horns. Coral.

SCHOFIELD, J., Richmond.—Sskull
of Porcupine.

HAWKEKSWORTH, H. D., Umzinto.
Buffalo horns.

BURRUP, HENRY, Pietermaritz-
burg.— 68 Species of Natal Ferns.

KIRKMAN, THOMAS, Umzinto.—
Live Coffee Tree—to flower in July.

“NATAL COMMISSION.—Collection of
Living Natal Plants, in Conservatory.
ANTEL, R. J., Waterfalls, Illovo.—
Aloes Ex ct.

HURST, H. FRED., Ladysmith. —
Agave Extract.

Crass 8.
Arts and Manufactures.

POYNTON, THOMAS, Durban.—
Set of Table Legs made of Stinkwood
(Oreodaphne bullata), a species of Laurel.
Set of Table Legs—Red Pear. Cornice
Mouldings of Stinkwood (Oreodaphne bullata).
Cornice Mouldings of flat crown wood
(Zygra fastigrata).

NATAL COMMISSION.— Yokes,
Keys, and Tent and Sail of Buck Waggon.
5 Cases of Biscuits. After Still of

W: n. Front Still of Waggon.
2 Front Wheels of Waggon. 2 After
Wheels of Waggon. Set of 4 Wash Stand
Legs, Stinkwood. Set of 4 Wash Stand
Yellow Wood Legs (Podocarpus i gti a

> asa of yew. Samples of Bricks, Tiles,
ottery, and Pipes.

BASY GHAIRS & SOFAS,

By HOWARD & SONS, 25 BERNERs St.,

FOR HOME OR

Natal.

ANTEL, R. J. Tllovo.—Paints.

DE KOCK, J. J., Pietermaritzburg,
os Snuff.

TOPHAM, ROBERT, Pietermaritz.
burg.— Workbox and Desk of Blue Gum,

CUNNINGHAM, J. D., Ifafa.—
Straw Hats from Wild Date Palm.

PIGG, ELIZA MARY, Umzinto—
Straw Hats from leaves Ilala.

HALLEN, A., Pietermaritzburg. —
Leather tauned by Native Barks.

COUNCIL OF EDUCATION, Pie.
termaritzburg.— Educational Jllustra-
tions,

Crass 9.

Oil Paintings.
; RAWLINS,— River Scene, in Natal,

oil.

GRANVILLE, SIDNEY. — View of
Durban from the Point, oil. View of
Pietermaritzburg, in water colours. View of
the Point, in water colours, View of Dur-
ban from the Berea, in water colours,

BRICKHILL, JAMES. — Photo-
graphs from Prospect Estate, Sea Plantation on
the Umbulo.

CANEY.— Photographic Landgcapes.
LARGE, G. E., Illovo.— 150 Draw-
ings, Natal Plants.

FERNYHOUGH, G. F., Pieterma-
ritzburg.— 95 Photographic Pictures:
Figures and Landscape. 24 Frames of Photo-
graphs: Views in Natal. 50 Photographs:
Scenery and Figures,

Cuass 10.
Wool and Silk.

FLACK BROS., Umgeni Works,
Durban.— Bale of Fine Seoured Wool.
Bale of Coarse Scoured Wool.

THE COLONIES.

LINDSAY, JAMES A., Boston.—
5 Fleeces.

WATSON, WILLIAM, Newbrough
(wange, Byrne.— 25 Fleecvs, showing 5
varieties of wool,

PROUDFOOT, WILLIAM, J. ve
Riet Vlei, near Greytown.—
Fleeces.

WRIGHT, GEORGE H., Ladysmith.
— 6 Fleeces Angora Hair.

MANNING, A. H., Noodeberg. —
10 Fleeces, showing 2 varicties of wool.

TAYLOR, T. K., Sevenoaks, near
Greytown.— j§§ Merino Lambswool.

VAN ROOYEN, G., Schoongeseght,
ear Greytown.— 8 Fleeces,

FOSTER, THOMAS, Stainton Ixopo.
28 Fleeces, showing 8 varieties of wool.

TURNER, GEORGE, J. P., Warley
Common, Mooi River. — 5 Fleeces

KING, MESSRS., Lynedoch, Kar-
kloof— 5 Fleeces.

OTTO, P. A. R.,, JUN., Riet Vlei,
near Greytown.— 10 Fleeces, 2 varieties.

NORTON, PHILIP, Riet Vlei, near
Greytown.— 10 Fleeces Lamb’s Ewe Wool

VAN ROOYEN, P. H., Good Hope,
Greytown.— 10 Fleeces, 2 varieties.

VAN ROOYEN, GERT, Pinedale,
ear Greytown.— 7 Fleeces.

NICHOLSON, J. C,,
ond,— 5 Fleeccs.

near Rich-

Natal.

317

STONE, ALEX., Ixopo.— 5 Fleeces,
Merino Lambs’ Wool.

DODSWELL, MRS. H. J., Pieter-

maritzb a
Skeins of Silk, 1884,

NATAL COMMISSION.—

Cocoons, Plaques and
Cocoons

Cass 11,
Food Substences.

KING, MRS. JOHN, Lynedoch, Kar-
eng Cheese. "Salt Butter.
am. 4

WOODS, MRS. THEODORE,
Knowle, Bstcourt. Salt Butter.

NORTON, PHILLIP, Riet Vlei,

Greytown,.— Butter and Cheese.
Crass 12,
Native Manufactures.
NATALCOMMISSION.— _113 Im-

plements, Ornaments, and Articles of Dress,
made and used by uncivilised natives. From
Alexandra County.

NATAL COMMISSION.— 165 Im-
plements, Ornaments, and Articles of Dress,
made and used by the uncivilised natives.

eee J. T., Sevenoaks, Grey-
town,— Articles of Native Dress.

Cuass 13.
Railway Plant. © * *

NATAL GOVERNMENT RAIL-
WAYS.— Railway Plant. Carriages.
Boiler. Engine and Machinery.

.

( 318 )

ST. HELENA.

By Lirvt.-Coronet E. Pater, late R.A.

T'n1s small dependency of the British Empire, formerly so well known as a place of refreshment
for homeward bound East Indiamen, and from being the scene of the captivity of the Emperor
Napoleon, has lost much of its commercial importance since the opening of the Suez Canal,
Its situation, however, with regard to the African Continent seems to point at no distant puriod
to the advantages it offers, not only as a base of operations for missionary and commercial
enterprise, but as a health resort for the Europeans employed in the factories on the Congo,
for which last-named purpose it is admirably fitted, both from enjoying a remarkably fine aud
boerlthy climate, and being within four days’ steaming of Banana at the mouth of that river,

The geographical position of the island is in latitude 15°56, longitude 5:42 W.,, 4977
miles from Plymouth. 1,160 from Cape Town, and 1,200 from the coast of Africa. It is oblong
in form, its general direction N. E. to 8, W., 10} miles in length, 6} in breadth, with an area of
45 square miles, or about one-third the size of the Isle of Wight.

Although within the Tropic of Capricorn, the constant S. FE. trade wind renders the
climate mild and equable : and being traversed by a mountainous range, varying from 2,790 feet
to 1,500 feet in height, any variety of climate may be obtained—from a maximum temperature
of 82° at James Town on the sea coast, to 74° at Longwood, 1,780 feet above the sea.

Since the discovery of the island by the Portuguese in 1502, it has undergone many
vicissitudes. Abandoned by that nation about 1600, it became a bone of contention between
the Dutch and English, which finally resulted in the capture of the island by Sir Richard
Munden in 1673; it was then granted by charter to the English East India Company, who
retained it until 1836, and subsequently transferred it to the Crown for £100,000. ‘Che history
of the captivity of the Emperor Napoleon from 1815 to 1821 is too well known to be dwelt
upon here.

Captain Cavendish appears to have been the first Englishman who visited the island, wher
he called to recruit his sickly crew when homeward bound in 1588, His account of the place is
very interesting; he describes it as “ well planted with fruits and herbs, the hills abounding with
wild goats, pheasants, partridges and turkeys, with great store of swine.” The narrative seem
fully borne out by the engravings in an old Dutch work of 1641 in the British Museum, in
which parties of Dutch seamen are depicted hunting goats and pigs, gathering lemons ins
fruitful orchard, and drawing their nets in a stream abounding with fish.

The island is surrounded by precipitous cliffs, broken here and there by deep ravines
affording in some places a precarious landing. The prospect from the sea is most desolate and
forbidding, far different from that presented to the early navigators, when forests of ebony
clothed its now barren and denuded heights.

James Town, the seat of government, with a population of 2,500, is situated in a valley on
the N. W. (leeward) side of the island, its main street, with its bright-looking houses and trees,
forming a pleasing contrast with the gloomy hills rising on either side. Two good roads lead up
these heights into the country, and the barren outskirts of the island are soon exchanged for the
wooded hills and valleys of the interior, crowned with pine woods; the lofty peaks of the
main! ridge, clothed with the luxuriant vegetation ot the cabbage wood and tree fern, forming 4
suitable background to the picture.

The present prospects of the island, owing to the falling off in the visits of shipping, at
far from encouraging. Many of the farmers have emigrated to the Cape, and elsewhere;
nothing is more depressing than to see the country houses falling into decay, and the land over
grown with briars. The terrible destruction caused ihrough the introduction of the white ent
in 1840 in some Brazilian timber out of a broken-up slaver, inflicted a loss upon the Colony of
£70,000, from which it has searcely recovered. Still, a better day may be dawning for Bt

St; Helena. 319

cS
Helena. Mr. Morris, in his report to the Colonial Office in 1884, enumerates what he considers
night be productive industries for the island, amongst others the cultivation of

The English Aloe, for its valuable fibre.

New Zealand Flax, do.,

Barbadoes Aloe,

Tobacco—Vanilla,

Guinea Grass,
many fruits, especially the Spanish Olive, Pineapple, &c.
He also places great stress upon the fisheries, there being no doubt that “the expenditure of
small capital on good boats and tackle, with hardy fishermen, would be attended with great
”—(Melliss.) There are cod banks close to the island, and no less than seventy-three
escriptions of fish are known to exist, many of a valuable nature (tunny, mackerel), and
y caught, either at sea or off the rocks.
The great drawback to the prosperity of the island is doubtless the want of efficient and
ized labour. The “ native,’ whose wants are easily supplied by a meal of fish and rice, is
f a naturally indolent disposition, and not alive to the necessity of “working” for his daily
read. It has occurred to the writer that were St. Helena garrisoned by a West Indian
giment, a considerable portion of the men’s time might be devoted to tho cultivation of the
vernment lands, and the maintenance of the original forest, the disappearance of which is
ually affecting the water supply of the island.
The least annual pethieat from 1841 to 1848 was 19°509 inches in 1845. The greatest, 90°458
inches in 1842.
Population in 1881, 5050.

3. Nestota elliptioa,
4, Mesembryanthemum eryptanthum.
DIVISION I. 5. Melhania Melanoaylon.
‘ 6. Pharnoceum acidum.
Gronoay anp MineraLoey. 7. Tripteris Burchellii.
Collection of Minerals, J, C. Melliss, Esq. 8. Phylica ramosissima (Wild Rusemary).

ao of Minerals (Royai Artillery In-| 9, Lichtensteinia Burcheliii.

tion). 10. Sium Helenianum (Angelica).
Fossil Shells from Flagstaff Hill. Miss| 11. Hedyotis arborea (Native Dogwood).
; 12. Aster Burcheliii.

13. Aster rugosum (Native Serubwood).
DIVISION Ii. 14, Mellissia begonifolia (Native Boxwood).
15. Aster gummiferus.
ZOoLoay. 16. rpg: abd integrifolium (Native
Cases of Island Birds. Black Cabbage Tree).
St. Helena P F . Claughton. 17. Acalypha reticulata (String Wood).
elena Pheasant. Mrs. Claughton 18. Psidie rotundifolia, gs
19. Petrobium arboreum.
DIVISION III. 20. Lachanodes prenanthiflora.
Borany. 2 ob Pladaroxzylon Leucadendron (Native
+t Snap abbage Tree).
Indigenous Plants, from original Drawings 2. Pelargonium Cotyledonis (% Old. father,

Mrs. J. O. Melliss,—3 Frames, A. B, C i for ever ”’)

1. Frankenia portulacifolia (St. Helena| 23. Lobelia scxvolifolia.
ea), 24, Plantago robusta.
2. Melhania erythoxylon (Red Wood). 25. Commidendron robustum (Gum Wood).

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
atch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

DiES’ SILVER KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETER. In crystal glass, Hunting or

ha'f-Hunting cases, i pial polished or richly-engraved, q-plate, finely jewelled movements, chronometer balance,
ly adapted for all climates, £6 to £10,

0 ORE WATC KEYS |—Sir Jonn Bennerr ofters the remainder of his choices and

Wnable Stock of Gold and Silver Key Watches at 20 per cent. reduction, as he intends to keep nene but Keyless

320
26. Wahlenbergia Burchellii,
27. Wahlenbergia linifolia.
28. Wehlenbergia angustifolia.
29. Carex prealta.

D

Water-colour Drawings of the Flora of the
Island, by Major-General Forbes MacBean,
in 1 volume.—1849,

E

Piece of Island Ebony, found on windward
cliffs, part of the old forest. Major-General
Ma-Bean.

DIVISION Iv.

Fisrovus Supstances,

Specimen of aloe fibre.
Specimens of New Zealand flax.

DIVISION V.
Dygine SUBSTANCES.
Orchella Weed.

DIVISION VI.

ARTS AND MANUFACTURES,

Household Implements of Whale Ivory;
Walking Sticks of Coffee and Privet; Bracelets
made from Seeds of Mimosa; Feather Work
Island Pheasant (Miss Andrew).

[DIVISION VII.
MopeEts,

Model of the “Drummond Castle” Steam
ship. Ave: pose to the island, 14 days.
Castle Mail Packet Co.—Donald Currie & Co.

DIVISION VIII.

Views,
2 Frames from Nature—J. C.. Melliss, Esq.,
F.G.S.

A.
Ba

4. Lot (Basaltic Pillar).
5. The Asses’ Ears,
6. Lot’s Wife (Basaltic Pillar).

7. Sandy Bay from Fairy Land.

St. Helena.

_&raphical. C. 'T.

8. Distant View of Island from N.
9. Cliff near Prosperous Bay.

B.

1, St. Paul’s Church.
2. James Town fiom the Roadstead.
3. Plantation House (Residence of Go

orig

4. House in Jamer Town, where the Duke of
Wellington, then Sir Arthur Wellesley, slept on
return from India, and where the Emperor
Napoleon slept on his landing in 1815.

Pie Room at Longwood, in which Na

ed.

6. Longwood, from Diana’s Peak, ’

7. The New House at Longwo’ 1 (built for
Napoleon in 1817).

8. Napoleon’s Tomb (Sane Valley).

9. The Old House at Longwood, wher
Napoleon died.

Miscellaneous Views, &c.

1. St. Helena, in 1645. (Copied trom a rar
Dutch book in the British Museum.)

2. Map of the Island.

3. View from Roadstead.

4. The Slaver Meteoro. Captured by
H.M.S. Contest, 1848.

5. H.M.S. Britomart in a Squall off James

vo.
6. Miniature Views of St. Helena, in Yam
Flower—Miss Firmin.

7. View of Island from the Sea—Miss
Firmin. beweical tt

8. Engraving—Longw ouse.

9. Racravine-Hestlennts Tomb.

10, Engraving—Plantation House.’

11. Photograph—Sandrig Place.

12. Photograph—Old Longwood.

13. Photograph—Plantation.

14, Volume of Photog:aphs, — Commissary
General Lilley.

DIVISION IX.

CARTOGRAPHY.
i. Geographical Plan, by Lieutenant Read
1815.
2. Military, Survey, by Captain E. Palmer,
R.A., 1850, copied from original at Woolwich.
8. Admiralty Chart, from above, with Sound-
ings added.

DIVISION X.
PUBLICATIONS.
1, St. Helena, Fereiel, Historical, and T
elliss, Eaq,

NOTICE TO VISITORS.

LL interested in NEW COMMERCIAL PLANTS and DRU
TANNINS, ESSENCES, PERFUMES, and their preparation for the M
Mesiring IsrormarTion, or Reports on Samples, should call upon
THOMAS CHRISTY & Co., 166, Fenchurch Street, Colonial Produce Merchants.

Copies of “ New Commercial Plants and Drugs,” Nos. 1 to 9, can be obtained at the

Ascension. 821
son H.E.1.C.8. in 1821.) Commis. St. Helene
Re,

: Chair in which Napoleon generally sat at

5. A Guide to St. Helena. Lockwood. Longwood. The Brenchley Museum, Maid-
6. Report on Position and Prospects of Agri- | stone.

ture, St. Helena. D. Morris, Esq., F.G.S. 4. Silver Coffee Breakfast Service. Dr. Heart.
". St. Helena Almanack for 1881-1883. ley Sankey, Littlemore.

§. St. Helena “ Guardian.” 5. Piece of bs from Room in which
W. Buonaparte’s Voyage to St. Helena (Ad- Napoleon died. Mrs. Palmer.

fal Cockburn’s diary on board H.M.S. North-| 6. Medals distributed at Exhumation of the
erland). Emperor's Body at St, Helena, in October, 1840,
). Copy of the Dirge played at the Emperor's | Miss Firmin. H. C. Bennett, Esq.
peral in 1821. Com by C. McCarthy. 7. Portion of a Handkerchief given to Mme.
1. Manuscript transmitted from the Island, | Bertrand’s Nurse by the Emperor. Mrs,
h some person unknown. Palmer,
Original etter to Capt. Palmer, R.N., from 8. Tea service used by tho Emperor at Long-
officer of H.M.8, Heron, which brought home | wood. H. C. Bennett, Esq.
pial notice of death of Napoleon in 1821. 9. Confidential letter of oo to Prince
ln ge soneaelet Poss heel of Dr, O’Meara’s
t. rs. G. B. Leverson.
DIVISION XI. 10. Coffee Pot used by Emperor on board
Retics oF THE Exreror Napoueon I. H.M.S. Northumberland. N. A. Institution.
. Cast of Napoleon’s Face, taken at Long- 11. Portion of Willow braach near tomb of

later death, "Dr. Boys, Bill, Bristol Napoleon. Canon Morrice.
». Small gg of the ariel Coffin * the

t. Mis Firmin, H.C. Bennett, "
a hae coffin was made from the mahogany DIVISION XII.
ing-table of Capt. Bennet, one of the garri- MISCELLANEOUS,

ASCENSION.

PRINCIPALLY From “ Arrica Pitot.”

ts small island, in latitude 7°56 8, and long. 14°25 W., was discovered by Gallego, a Portu-
we, in 1501, It is 3417 miles from Plymouth, 760 from St. Helena, and 900 from Cape Palmas
Its form resembles that of a leaf with its point to the East, it is 7 } miles from E. to W.,
6} from N. to S., with a circumference of 22 miles, and area of 38 8q. miles,

The climate is the driest and most salubrious in the world, being tempered by the 8.B. trade
i; the temperature ranges in the hottest months from 85° on the shore, to 76° on the high

The great drawback is the limited supply of water from the small rainfall; but this will

loubt improve as the island becomes more wooded, there being at present sixteen small springs.
The surface of Ascension is very rugged and barren, consisting of extinct craters and
a streams in different stages of decomposition, with dai.. ravines filled with scoria and pumice
le, The highest point is the Green Mountain, 2820 feet above the sea, the only spot of
vation in the island, rising “a graceful oasis amidst waste and desolation,” 'To the north of
mountain is a small spring, discovered by Dampier in 1701, after his ship the Roebucls
dered off the island.

The island is visited by the sea turtle from Christmas to Midsummer, to deposit their eggs in
“and ; as many as fifty or sixty are frequently turned of a night, and then transported to
3 in the town. They weigh from 600 to 800 Ibs., and are sold to the shipping for £2 10s. each.
6888 of the tropical swallow, or “ wide-awake,” furnish an important item of food.
Georgetown, the only station, is in a small bay on the West or leeward side, with a fort to
tect the stores and tanks. It is entirely under the Admiralty, the Governor being a Captain
» and borne on the books of the guard-ship at the Cape. Communication with the shore is
hently interrupted by the setting in of “rollers,” a heavy awell producing a high surf on the

x

-

,

$22 Ascension.

leeward shore without apparent cause, chiefly from Decomber to April, the most tranquil pe
of the year, This phenomenon prevails simultaneously, but in a less degree, at St. Helena a
Fernando Noronha.

Ascension was garrisoned in 1815 by a detachment from 8t. Helena, and subsequently by
company of Marines; to which corps all the improvements in the island may be attributed. Stor
barracks and batterics were built, and roads constructed, under circumstances of no ording
difficulty; besides the formation of gardens on the Green Mountain. During the period of ¢
suppression of the slavo trade, it was the headquarters of the South African Squadron, wi
ae of stores and provisions, since much reduced. There are now only 200 people on t

DIVISION I.
Specimens or LAvAS, Rocks, &c.

1. Mass of Lava, Boatswain Bird Island (Admiralty).
2. Ashes dug up at Boatswain Bird Island.
3, Brooch of Pyrites (Admiral Sulivan).

“IVISION VIII.
Views (Colonel Palmer).
1. Georgetown and anchorage from Hayes Hill.
2, Ascension from the 8.E.
8, Green Mountain from Anchorage.

DIVISION IX.
Admiralty Chart of Ascension.

TRISTAN DA CUNHA GROUP.

This group of islands is in the South Atlantic 1800 miles 8. of St. Helena, and 1500 ft
the Cape of Good Hope, being almost in a direct line between the latter and Cape Hom. T
occupy « triangular space of about 100 square miles, the Eastern and Western extremities bei
Nightingale and Inaccessible Islands : Tristan da Cunha, in lat, 37°3 8. long, 12°19 W,, for
the N. point.

Tristan da Cunha, like tho other Atlantic islands, is of voleanic origin; it was diseo
by da Cunha, a Portuguese admiral, in 1506; it is of circular outline, in the shape of
truncated cone, rising to the height of 7640 feet above the sea, with an extinct crater at
summit of the mountain,

The diameter is about seven miles; it is surrounded by inaccessible cliffs from 1000 to?
fect in height, the settlemont “ Edinburgh” being on a grassy slope 2} miles long and 1}
wide, 200 feet above the sea, on the north side of the island.

The climate is mild and moist, but remarkably healthy, the mean temperature on thee
from 82° to 48°, the summit of the mountain being vovered with snow from June to Dece
During this period of the year the weather is very uncertain, with heavy gales from N.E. to®
during August and Soptember. Landing would bo impracticable, were it not for a zone of
which surrounds the island at a distance of one-thiid mile, and breaks the violence of thes

The island was occupied by a detachment of Artillery during the captivity of Napot
St. Helena, and on their withdrawal in 1821, Corporal Gilasse, an Artilleryman, with two #
and four whaling men remained behind, and became the founders of the present settlement

Tristan has been visited from time to time by H.M. ships. In 1867 H.R.H. the Du
Edinburgh, when Captain of tho Galatea, conferred the designation of “Edinburgh” @
settlement. H.M.S. Challenger surveyed the island in 1878, and made an interesting tp"
the group.

The population of the colony in 1883 amounted to 93, and appeared well supplied, 4
being a large number of cattle and sheep, with abundance of potatoes.

823

The colony has just sustained a severo loa of fteen of this small community and a boat
by H. M. Govt.), when endeavouring to assist a ship in distreas (sce Telegraph,

April, 1886).

The mackerel, salmon and mullet are caught off the shores, and the neighbouring ocean ig
by the sperm, black and white whales.

The only tree on the island i: a species of buckthorn, from 20 to 80 feet high, growing in

mountain gorges. ‘The wild rosemary (also found at St. Helena, Reunion and Mauritius), and

long coarse grass (Spartaca Arunuinacea), with some varieties of fern, abound.

DIVISION I,
Srectuens or Mrverans, &o.

DIVISION VIII.

1. Copy of a view by Capt. Carmichael, R.N. (Kew Gardens),
2. Copy of a view from Challenger Expedition,

3. Nightingale Island (Challenger Expedition),

4. Photographs (Horsburgh).

DIVISION Ix.

1. Admiralty Chart of South Atlantic Ocean.
2. Admiralty Chart of Tristan Group.

%. Sections of Bed of South Atlantic Ocean.
4. Admiralty Chart of Mouth of Congo River,

INACOESSIBLE ISLAND.
Isa high mass of rock, with a table summit near.y square, with sides 2 milos in length, The
point, 1840 feet above the sea, is to the W. of the island.
The outward bound Indiaman Blenden Hall was wrecked here in 1821, and the crew and
gers were rescued by Governor Giasse, and taken to Tristan da Cunha. Two German

after surviving the campaign of 1870, were also wrecked in 1871, and suffered great
ps until taken off by H.M.S, Challenger in 1873,

This island is a great resort of penguins and sea fowl.

NIGHTINGALE ISLANDS.
A group of three. ‘The largest being one mile long and three-quarters wide, with two peaks
vely 1105 and 960 fect above the sea.
The smaller islets, Stoltenhoff and Middle Isie, are large rocks about half a mile in length,
and 150 feet in height, A zone of kelp extends a quarter of a mile from the EB, side of the
} they are visited by seals and sea elephants in large numbers,

¥2

324 Advertisements.

THE BREAKING OF LAWS,

REBELLING AGAINST GREAT TRUTHS,
MNT | Instincts, inclinations, Ignorance, and Follies,

iW ee ad

DISCIPLINE and SELF-DENIAL,
THAT PRECIOUS BOON,
THE HIGHEST AND BEST IN LIFE,

PREVENTIBLE DEATH.

Why should fever, that vile slayer of millions of
the human race, not be as much and more hunted up,
and its career stopped, as the solitary wretch who
causes his fellow a violent death? The murderer,
as he is called, is quickly made example of by the
law. Fevers are at most universally ecknowialaial
be peeveneele diseases ; how is it that they are allowed
: Wi to level their thousands every year, and m.. ons to
S a 5 I suffer almost without protest? The most or: \inary
ips : y observer must be struck with the huge bluader,

A \ Be 1 or Ane

Who's to blame? For the meansof preventing propel death from disease read a large
illustrated sheet given with each bottle of ENO’ f

invaluable. If this invaluable information were universally carried out, many forms of discex
now producing such havoc would cease to exist, a8 Plague, Leprosy, &c., have done, when the true
cause has become krown. The FRUIT SALT (one of ature’s own products) keeps
the blood pure, and is thus of itself one of the most valuable means of keeping the blood
free from fevers and blood poisons, liver complaints, &c., ever discovered. Ass
means of preserving and restoring health it is unequalled ; and it is, moreover, a pleasant,
refreshing, and invigorating beverage. After a patient and careful observation of its effects
when used, I have no hesitation in stating that, if its great value in keeping the body healthy
were universally known, not a household in the land would be without it, nor a single travelling

truvk or portmanteau but would contain it.
Borer—carRno~* Since my arrival in tt, A GENERAL OFFICER, writing fra
in August last, I have on three separate occasions Ascot on Jan. 2, 1886, says: “ Blessings on your
been attacked by fever, from which, on the first occa- FRUIT SALT! I trust it is not profane to say 60, bat
sion, I lay in hospital for six weeks, ‘The last two in common parlance, I swear by it. There stands the
attacks have been, however, completely repulsed, in a cherished bottle on the chimney-piece of my sancti,
remarkable short apace of time, by the use of your my little idol, at home my household god, abroad ny
valuable FRUIT SALT, to which I owe my present vade mecum. Think not this is the rhapsody of
health, at the very least, if not my life iteelt. 'Heart- | bypochondriac; no, it is only the outpouring of 8
felt gratitude for my restoration and preservation grateful heart. The fact is, I am, in common, I
impels me to add my testimony to the revi gd over- | say, with numerous old fellows of my age (67), now
whelming store of the same, and in so doing I feel that then troubled with a troublesome liver; no so0te,
I am but obeying the dictates of duty.—Believe me to however, do I use your cheery remedy than, Exit
be, Siz, gratefully yours, A Corrorat, 19th Hussure, * Richard is himself again.’ So highly do 1 value
26th May, 1883.—Mr. J. C. Eno.” composition, that when taking it I grudge even
“tT, WDON AND NORTH-WESTERN | little sediment that will always remain at the
ILWAY. Permanent Way Department, of the glass. I give, therefore, the following

“ Whaley Bridge Station, Dec. 30, 1881. to those wise persons who have learnt to a
« Sir,—I beg to inform you that I have derived great | incatimable benefits :—
benefit from your valuable FRUIT SALT after suffer- When ENO’S SALT betimes you take,
ing from severe headache and disordered stomach. No waste of this Elixir make,
** Yours truly, But drain the dregs, and lick the cup,
“Mr. J. C, Eno.” “«VeriTas.” Of this the perfect Pick-me-up,”

THE SECRET OF SUCCESS.—“A new invention is brought before the public, and
: success, A ecore of abominable imitations are immediately introduced by the unserupulous, who, in

the original closely enough to deceive the public, and yet not so exactly as to infringe upon legal rights,
an ingenuity that, employed in an original channel, could not fail to secure reputation and profit.”—ADAMS.

Oe ne epee ee
CAUTION.—Legal Rights are protected in every civilised country. Read the followins:
“In the Supreme Court of Sydney (N.S.W.), an uppecl from a decree of Sir W. Manning
restraining the Defendant (Hogg) tro selling @ fraudulent imitation of Eno’s Fruit Salt, and gi
heavy damages to the Plaintiff, bas, after a most exhaustive trial of two days’ duration, been
mously dism/‘ssed with costs."=SypNzy Mornine Herawp, Nov. * .
each Bottle, and see that the CAPSULE ts marked “*ENO'S FRUIT SALT.” Wi
— te you have been imposed on by @ worthless imitation. Sold by all Chemists.

PREPARED ONLY AT
Enos Fruit Salt Works, Hatcham, London, §.E., by J. C. Eno’s Patent

EEO I

( 925 )
IR cea Ne I Pa na wy andi

CEYLON.

By Artuur N. Bincn, 0.M.G.

z@ Island of Ceylon (known to the ancients in different ages as Serendib, Taprobane, Lanka)
ies in N. Lat. 5° 53'-9° 51’; E. Long. 79° 42’-81° 55’ South-East of the southern extremity
Hindustan, from which it is separated by Palk Straits, a narrow channel only available for
pssele of light draught.

The Portuguese were the first European settlers in Ceylon. From early in the 16ti to the
niddle of the 17th century they held permanent though not undisputed possession, giving way
t last to the Dutch, who from a.p. 1656 for 140 years continued to govern the maritime
rovinces of the island, the central or Kandyan provinces remaining under their native rulers.
n 1796 the English captured the last remaining stronghold of the Dutch at Colombo, and the

nd became part of the British possessions in the Eastern seas. It was not, however, until
me years later (1815) that the King of Kandy was deposed, and the entire island brought

thin the Crown Colony system of Government, of which it is now the largest and most com-
letely organised representative,

The total area of the Island is about one-sixth less than that of Ireland, and contains so:ne

,102 square miles; the extreme length is 271 miles, th: extreme breadth 137 miles. At
he end of 1885 the population stood at 2,825,090, the proportion of Europeans to natives is less
han 2 per 1,000.

Sinhalese number . ‘ . ‘ : 1,920,000
Tamils ; : : ° - 674,000
Moormen ; : ‘ ‘ ‘ 200,000
Veddahs and Rodiyas . ‘ . ‘ 13,000
Burghers or natives of European descent . 18,000

f The Veddahs are supposed to be a remnant of the aborigines of Ceylon. ‘They have no
xed habitations, roaming about the forests of the Southern and Eastern Provinees, Living in
ves and hollow trees, their dialect is different from that of the Sinaalese, with whom they have
ttle intercourse. Space will not permit a description of these most interesting and primitive
pople.*

The Maldive Archipelago—a group of Coral Islets sparsely inhabited by a race of Sinhalese
igin, speaking a broken dialect of Sinhalese—is tributary to Ceylon, to which the Sultan of the

dives sends an embassy annually. These Islands are difficult of access, and intercourse with
am is very limited. An interesting ethnological collection from these Islands has been pro-
red for this Exhibition.

For a tropical country, Ceylon is decidedly healthy ; from its insular position, the climate
utrasts favourably with that of India—there are no extremes of temperature, and throughout
low country the thermometer varies little in the course of the year; the mean temperature
Colombo is about 88°. There is, however, considerable difference in the daily temperature
the hill districts, The coolest months are from May to October, the hottest, February,

th, April, and May.

Sir E, Tennent, who resided in the island for some years as Lieut.-Governor and Colonia)
retary, in his interesting and valuable work on the Colony, writes :—* There is no island in
sworld, Great Britain itself not excepted, that has attracted the attention of authors in so

ty distant ages and so many different conntries as Ceylon, there is no nation in ancient or
Hern times possessed of a language or literature the writers of which have not at some time
leit their theme. Its aspect, its religion, its antiquities and productions have been described
Well by classic Greeks as by those of the lower empire, by the Romans, by the writers of

ia, Burmah, India and Cashmere, by the Geographers of Arabia and Persia, by the medisval

gers of Portugal and France, by the annalists of Portagal and Spain, by the merchants and

* See Sir E, Tennent’s chapters on Veddahs of Ceylon

$26 Ceylon. -

+ 3 ET a ie a RMR are aN. 3 ill NOME APES CREPE In infer ene ns erEs EME F
ailventurers of Holland, and by the travellers and topographers of Great Britain.” Tenaenti
own enthusiastic description of tho island is summed up thus .—

“Ceylon, from whatever direction it is approached, unfolds a scene of loveliness anj
grandeur unsurpassed, if it be rivalled, by any land in the universe. The traveller from Benga
leaving behind the melancholy delta of the Ganges and the torrid coast of Coronandel, «
the adventurer froia Europe recently inured to the sands of Egypt and the scorched headland
of Arabia is alike entranced by the vision of Leauty which expands before him as the islanj
rises from the sea, its lofty mountains covered by luxuriant forests, and its chores, till they me
the ripple of the waves, bright with the foliage of perpetual spring.”

The speed and comfort with which a journey to Ceylon can now be eccomplished in
than twenty-one days by the magnificent vessels of the Peninsular and Oriental, Messagerie
British India, and other important Steamship Cos. induces many besides the werchant or plante
to visiy this interesting island. Those in cearch of tropical scenery and vegetation, or keen i
archmology, the naturalist or sportsman, will all alike find umple field for enterprise, we
repaying the three weeks spent on the outward voyage.

Sir EK. Tennent has well described the scenery and vegetation for those whose deligh
is in all that gladdens the eye, while no country in the world can boast of c more varied
interesting insect life to occupy the naturalist. Elephant, leopard, wild buffalo, bear,
boar, deer of many varieties, with snipe and wild fowl in profusion, will give occupation ij
the sportsman.

To the archeologist the many ruined cities, with their stone carving and clear cut inser
tions, offer infinite variety. Among the most wonderful of these ruins are those of Pollonnaruw
and Anurédhapura in tho centre of the istand. Tho latter was the chosen capital of Kip
Panduk Abhaya, 437 8.c., and remained the capital of the islaud for twelve centuries. Historia
write that the outer wail of the city enclosed 250 square miles, and was completed in the f
century of the Christian era. Nothing beyond the ruins with thcir interesting records in ston
and the large Dagobas, now remain, except the sacred Bo tree, which still flourishes near th
crumbling walls of au ancient Buddhist temple. Major Forbes, in Lis work entitled ‘Elev
Years in Ceylon,’ states that in the reign of King Devénampiya Tissa, which commenced 3071
Anarédhapura received the collar-bone of the Gautama Buddha, his begging dish filled with reli
and a branch of the Bé tree under which he attained Buddhahood, Thus this relic of past ag
has been flourishing for nearly 2200 years, and is believed to be the oldest living tree of whi
there is any authentic record. It is held sacred throughout the Buddhist world, and is the goal
many a long pilgrimage. Even the fallen leaves are treasured by the pilgrims and carried
distant lands. Roughly speaking, three-fifths, or say 1,700,000, of the population of Ceylon
Buddhist.

Colombo, on the South-West coast, is now the capital of the island, with a population
neatly 120,000. A breakwater recently completed, under the supervision of Sir J. Coode, at
cost of £650,000, enables vessels of the largest size to lie in safety throughout the heavi
monsoon. It has thus become a first-class port, and from its unsurpassed geographical posi
is destined to become the centre of the commerce of the Eastern seas. Colombo is distant!
miles from Aden, 600 from Madras, 900 from Bombay, 1400 from Calcutta, 1600 from Singapm
8000 from Hong Kong, 3000 from W. Australia.

Previous to thc construction of the Colombo breakwater, Galle, on the South Const,
the port of call for Mail Steamers, but the natural harbour of the Island is Trincomalee on!
N. E. Coast. This has been for many years the rendezvous of H.M.S. vessels on the }
Indian Station, and still remains 90; it is easy of access in a}i weather, and has a magnilt
and safe anchorage.

Turning now to the products of the island, we find Ceylon in ancient days the far
land of pearls and precious stones.* Much activity is still shown in the search for gems, #
the value of the stones annually discovered is considerable. This mining, as well as that
plumpago, is entirely in the hands of the natives. Plumbago or “ Graphite” mines are tan
worked in ‘he Western Province. The produce is chiefly exported to Great Britain and

OO Ts

* Including sapphires, rubles, catseyes, topaz, amethyets, cinnamon stones.

Ceylon. 327
Jnited States, where it is utilized in the manufacture of pencils, crucibles and portable furnaces.
ho amount of plumbago raised and exported in 1882 was upwards of 240,000 ewt.

The pearl Fishery, though precarious and unrertain, is still in favourable years a valuable
lition to the revenue. In the last successful Fishery, held in 1831, the Government share
alised £59,900. The same primitive system of gathering the oystors exists as in ancient

When the “ Superintendent” reports a “bed” fit for fishing, Government proclaims a
hory to commence on a certain date; by this date the arid and otherwise deserted coastland at
ppu, on the N. W. coast, is the scene of a bustling town filled with people of varied mees

occupations—including divers and boatmea from the Coromandel Coast, pearl dealers

m India, Malay and China, with te necessary accompaniment of merchants and traders of all

~. A limited number of boats and divers are licensed; every oyster is gathered by the

nd of the diver, nu dredger or implement of any kind being used. ‘The Government take as

Royalty one-third of the oysters thus gathered, which are sold by public auction at the close of

ch day’s fishing. The Fishery lasts from 30 to 40 days, and at the 1881 fishery the average
rice was £3 1s. per 1000, the total vaine of this fishery being estimated at about £170,000.

The manufacture of salt still remains a Government monopoly, and produces a profit of
om £80,000 to £90,000 per annum, the salt being sold by Government at 4s. 8d.a cwt, The
nual export varies from 80,000 to 100,000 ewts., the bulk of which is carried by native vessels
) India. The monopoly is, primd facie, open to the obvious objections which attach to all taxes
m necessaries of life; and if the circumstances of the country were such as to make it possible
or the Government to dispense with the revenue derived from the monopoly, these objections
ould have much weight. But the relation between the general revenuc and the requirements
{ the island is such that it would be difficult to abandon the revenue derived from salt without
t the same time obandoning the execution of public works of material importance, including the
xtension and the efticient maintenance of means of communication. The significance cf such a
to to the native population may be realised from the fact that until a comparatively recent date

Shere were districts in the island where the cost of transport added as much as 200 per cent. to
ie price charged by Government for salt on the seaboard.

Gold, silver, ivory, and tortoiseshe!l work are also among the important native industries,
gether with pottery, mats, fans and wood ...rving. The beautiful woods indigenous to the

nd give great scope to the ingenious native carvers and cabinet makers; among the most
aluable are—ebony, satin wood, calamander, camphor, jak, nedun, palai, ironwood, halmilla, &e.
the exhibits of these several industries will repay careful inspection.

The seas surrounding the shores abound in fish, and the coast line, especially in the 8 W.
nd N. Provinces, is thickly populated, and has the appearance of an endless village whose
bhabitants are thriving, and whose wants are satisfied by a few hours’ fishing with the most
primitive appliances.

The Sinhalese, however, are mainly an agricultural race, and the vast majority ate engaged
in tilling the soil. The stupendous * works commenced 500 B.c. and continued by successive
ings of Ceylon in the construction of inuumerable reservoirs or tanks for storing the rainfall
br irrigation purposes, testify to the great importance attached to agriculture in ancient times.

The Legislature has for some years voted considerable sums annually from the general
venue for the repair, maintenance, and improvement of these tanks, to the immense advantage
M the rural population.

The Sinhalese cultivation is new chiefly confined to the production of their staple articles of
bod, rice and cocoanut, with gardens of areka palms, cinnamon, coffee, vegetables and fruaits.¢

Tn the northern province of Jaffma the natives are chiefly of Tamil origin; they cultivate

gely tobacco, dry grain, breadfruit, palmyra palm, vegetables and tropical fruits of all kinds,

The great agricultural industry, however, which has mainly stimulated the progress and
prosperity of Ceylon, thus enabling the Government to undertake the constraction of

ead intersect the island with splendid roeds and bridges, is coffee planting in the hill districts,
Nearly one-fifth of the island is comprised in the hill or mountain zone; the highest peak of the

* The tank of Kaluwewa submerged an area of over 40 miles in circumference, The retaining ‘* bund ” of earth-
ork is more than i2 miles in length, with a thickness of over 300 ft, at its base.

t Fruits inciude bananas, pine apples, custard apples, mangoes, oranges, limes, melons, breadfruit, &.

828 Ceylon.

range is Piduratalagala, 8,296 ft. The most intercsting and best known is Adam’s Peak. The by
of the coffee plantations lie at an elevation of between 2000 it. and 5000 ft. ; here the climate
well-nigh perfection, and the luxury of the planter’s bungalow with its European comforts,
rounded by roses and geraniums, with English fruits and vegetables, can be most justly appr
ciated after the heat of a journey from Colombo to the hill stations.

The coffee plant is not, as cinnamon is, indigenous to Ceylon ; it was probably brought thith
by Arab traders centuries ago, and there are now few native hamlets in the low country t
have not scattered coffee bushes around their door. It was not, however, till about 1830

enterprise was first directed to the cultivation of coffee in the island, since which ¢
it continued with varying success to 1874-5, when the export of coffee reached nearly 1,000,000 c
representing at the then ruling price a value of nearly £5,000,000 sterling. These vast retun
on capital drove jungle lands up to an extravagant price, and Crown lands at an upset price
£1 an acre frequently sold by public auction at from £20 to £24 an acre.

This great prosperity, however, did not continue unchecked. In 1878-9 the effects of thy
fungus (Hemileia vastatriz) known as “ leaf disease,” so seriously diminished the crops,
planters began to turn their attention to other plants adapted to the climate and soil; cin
chona and tea have both been successfully cultivated, but it is mainly to the latter that th
planters now look with confidence to retrieve their fortunes and bring back prosperity to the island

The extent of tea planted since 1877 exceeds 100,000 ucres, and the export has already
risen from 2105 Ibs. to 3,700,000 lbs.; the prospects both in crop and flavour have been »
successful that large plantations of coffee are being rooted up to make way for tea. Itis
confidently anticipated that within six years the export will reach 26,000,000 Ibs. No county
can bonaat of a better or cheaper labour supply; but it is chiefly imported from India.

The Sinhalese peasants are excellent domestic servants, and are good at felling trees
clearing jungles, irrigation, and other works enforced under the Village Communities Act.
very few will undertake the routine work of the hill plantation labour.

Ceylon has therefore become the favourite resort of emigrants from the Malabar
Coromandel coast, who flock over in thousands during the coffee harvest ; thereare no unnecess
restrictions, and the coming and going of these labourers is made as free and as easy as possil
Public “ rest houses” aad hospitals are provided by Government at easy distances along f
central road running from Kandy to Jaffna, by which the bulk of tho emigrants find ther
way % the plantations.

In the prosperous years of coffee, as many as 150,600 Coolie labourers would migrate #
Ceylon in one year, returning to their native villages to spend their savings, and immigrati
again for the next harvest.

In addition to coffee, cinchona and tea, cacao is becoming an important item on many
plantations and is of excellent quality ; india rubber, tapioca, vanilla and other tropical produc
are also successfully grown on many properties.

The large cultivation of cinnamon and cocoanut palm is chiefly in the hands of native;
both thrive best in the low country near the sea. For many years the export of cinnamon was
Government monopoly, but now there are no restrictions on its growth or export; the amo
of the cinnamon exported in 1883 exceeded 2,335,000 lbs. The cultivation of the cop
nut palm with its multifarious uses is the most important in the life of the low count
Sinhalese. The spirit ke drinks is distilled from the sap, the kernel of the nut is a nece
element in his daily curry, the “milk” of the nut the beverage offered to every visitor.

only lamp is fed from the cil, the nets for fishing are manufactured from the fibre, as is also 4

rope which keeps his goat or cow from straying, while the rafters of his house, the thatch d
the roof, and the window blinds are made from its leaf and wood. The extent and value of the
cultivation of this palm: may be gathered from the fact that while, as already stated, its ma
products are a universal necessity in the daily life of the island population of nearly 3,000,
the export of oil, copra and fibre exceeds in amount £700,000 annually, and the reve
derived from the excise duty levied on the spirit (arrack) distilled from the sap excee
£170,000.

With a fixed determination on the part of the local Legislature to continue uninterrup!7;

an annua! vote from public funds for the judicicus restoration of the ancient irrigation

ne

end thus make Ceylon again independent of foreign importations of rice; with a sim™@

Ceylon. 829

mination to push the railway system into the heart of the planting districts, so as to give
y and cheap transport to the seaboard, this beautiful island, from its grand geographical
tion, its excellent harbour accommodation and healthy climate, is destined to justify its ancient
bmin title of “ The Pearl on the brow of India,” or Lanka, “ the resplendent,”

The most useful and interesting books of reference on Ceylon are :—

Knox . ° ° ‘ ; , , - published 1681
Tennent’s Ceylon . PF : e ‘ ‘ ” 1859
Ferguson’s Handbook R é ‘ ° Pm 1884-5

Exeeutire Commissioner —A. N. BURCH, Esq., C.M.G., late Lieutenant-Governor of Ceylon.
Hon. Seeretary.—-W. FE. Davison, Esq., Ceyion Civil Service.

*F. R. Saunpers, Esq., Ceylon Civil Service; Member of the
Legislative Council and Chairman of the Executive Exhibition
Committee in Ceylon.

*H. Tron, Esq., M.B., F.L.8,, Director of the Royal Botanic
Gardens, Peradeniya.

*J. L. Suanv, Esq., Representative of the Ceylon Planters’
Association.

The Ceylon Court is situated at the western end of the North Court, adjacent to the Indian
tions. Its dimensions are 150 ft. in length and 50 ft. in width.
The decorations on the walls and roof of the Transept, in which yellow, the sacred colour of
idhism predominates, are strictly Sinhalese in their character, and have been carried out by
8. Maple & Co., from designs furnished by Mr. J. G. Smither, late Architect to the Govern-
it of Ceylon. The dado round the Court, seven feet from the ground, is covered with repre-
tations of the mythological animals—the Goose, the Elephant, the Lion, the Bull and the
’—as they appear sculptured on ruined monuments in the ancient cities of Ceylon.
er up, @ frieze, a yard in width, is covered with Sinhalese paintings, depicting some of the
¢ popular of the Birth Stories of Buddha. The Gautama Buddha is represented on
west wall of the Court, facing the entrance, by a figure in deep alto relief, ten ft, high,
ted in the conventional attitude of contemplation.
The porch through which the Court is entered, is of teak wood, and was carved by
halese workmen in Ceylon.
Both the porch and the wall which flanks it on cither side, are faithful representations of
lions of the Dalad4 Maligéwa, the Buddhist Temple of the Secred Tooth, in Kandy. The
architectural design is maintained in the Ceylon Tea House, which is erected in the open
wt between the Ceylon Court end Old London, faciug the Grand Durbar Hall.
The Gateway at the west end of the Court is noticeable for the fine carvings in relief,
puted upon Ebony, Calamander (or Coromandel), and Tamarind, the principal cabinet woods
‘yion. This gateway is the fac-simile of one, carved in stone, ar Yépahu, an ancient royal
of the Sinhalese,
The special Handbook for the Ceylon Court (which is for sale at all the book-stalls in
ing) contains particulars of the exhibits, and a descriptive account of their uses, &c.
bmain features of the list are briefly noted below and are included under eight classes, viz. :—

ry lass A.—Natura! Objects.
Class B.—Fool Products.
Class C.---Drugs and Medicinal Substances,
Class D.—Raw Products and Manufactures.
Claes E.—Implements —Means of Transport.
Ciass F’.—Art-Work.
Class G.—Fine Arts and Education.
Class H.-—Ethnological.

* These three gentlemen have arrived in England to assist the Commissioner.

VN ere ere ©

Hewetson’s Pure Ceylon Te:

PRIZE ‘MEDAL, HEALTH EXHIBITION, 1884.

) SINGLE PROFIT,
MODERATE PROFIT, Geeg)
BEST POSSIBLE VALU

PRICES :— re
Pure Ceylon Ssouchong oe oes SM. SBA. yesh
oe 90 Pekoe Souchong .. “2s. Gd.
” 90 Orange Pekoe oo. «= 38. & Ss. 64a. ., ”

Carriage paid on Glbs. in London, or ox 10bs. to any Railway Station in Groat Brita
Press Opinions of Hewetson’s Cuyton TA :— F
Leneet—“ Genuine Young Tea.” Morning Post“ Of excellent flavour a and very delic delicate’ i

Nee eae

Send Postal Order for 1lb. sample, which will be
forwarded carriage paid, so that it may be tasted
and compared with other Teas at similar prices.

HewerTson’s Ceyvton Tea Company
59, Mark Lane, London, E.C.

(ESTABLISHED 1879,)

Ceylon.

CLASS A.

NaTuRAL Opnsucrs.

. Marble and Building Stone-—Red Granite
» Veyangoda, exhibited by Mr. A. M.
son, O.M.G. Gneiss-rook from Mabéra
material used in making the Colombo
-water). Limestone from Dolosbige.
ous Sand-stone from Pamunugama. Ca-
(or > from Colombo (used
nsively for building in lieu of brick). White
from Jaffna. Specimens of Quartz from
Nénu Oya Railway Cuttings.

Minerals—Plumbago, including large
ps of 4 cwt. and 3 ecwt. samples of the
ious trade qualities, a number of carvings
bught in the mineral, tools used in mining

in cleaning, and photographs illustrating
industry. The principal exhibitors under
head are Mr. O. V. Morgan, M.P., of Mor-

Bros., Battersea Crucible Works, and

rm. M. S. Fernando, W. A. Fernando,

Gunatilaka and J. de Mel.

Gema—Including Catseyes, Sapphires,
bieg and many varieties of less valuable
: Mr. ©. H. de Soysa, J.P., has Jent a
pplete collection of cut and uncut stones.
nt. F. Bayley, O. L. M. Macan Marikar, and
y Tamail Marikar, both of Colombo, exhibit
unable gems. ‘The whole collection, on loan
m many other exhibitors, will be in charge
Mr, James Hayward.

. Pearls. —Mr. C. H. de Soysa, J.P., exhibits
ne collection.

®. Coral.—White and pink varieties from

b. Hunting Trophics.—1. An elephant stuffed
Rowland Ward, F.Z.8., and presented by
. OJ. R. Le ago a “Teak, Saeen
ephant Trophies, such as Tusks, ‘Tus
Se Pade ood Tails have been lent by
ilugalle, R.M., Messrs. A. N. Birch, C.M.G.,
. Martyn, W. Murray, B. Ffanshawe,
H. de Soysa, J.P.,and Swyny. &. Leopards,
Wild Boar: from Viscount Coke, R.
rauchamp Downall, and I, ©. Fisher, C.C.8.
Antlers and skins of Sambur, Red Deer,
otted Deer and Buffalo, from R. Beau-
amp Downall, Lord H. Paulet and others.
A collection of stuffed Birds of Ceylon from
Bm Beauchamp Downall. 6. Peacocks

; native

331

CLASS B.

Foop Propvers,

1, Tea.—Commercial and Fancy Assortments.
Broken Pekoe, Pekoe and Pekoe Souchong from
twenty-one districts varying in elevation from
the sea-level to an altitude of 6,500 ft. The
exhibits are selected under the management of
the Planters’ Associution of Ceylon.

2. Cojfee-—Arabian and Liberian, from seven
districts.

3, Cacao from nine districts.

4, Spices and Condiments.—1. Cardamoms,
Cloves, Nutmegs, Pepper, Vanilla, 2 Cinna-
mon, of all qualities. The ncipal exhibitors
are Mr. David Smith, M.P.,8. D. A. Rajapakse,
G. do Croos, J. F. Drieberg and H. de Silva
Avachchi.

5. Sugar, white and brown, from Winter and
Sons, Baddegama.

6. Rice, clean and unhusked, including many
verieties from all the principal rice-growing
districts in the Island; as well as a collection
of the fine grains grown in dry soil.

7. Starches.—Axrowroot, Cassava flour, Pal-
mirah flour.

8. Dried Fish from the East Coast.

9. Béche-de-mer or Sea Slug, as exported to
China from Jatfna,

CLASS C.
Drucs Anp MepicinaL Supsvancss,

1. Cinchona.—Ledgeriana, succirnbta, ofti-
cinalis, hybrid and Calisaya, Exhibits have
veen sent from seven districts, under the super-
vision of the Planters’ Association.

2. Medicinal Roots, Barks, Seeds and Herbe.—
A someaste collection of drugs used in the
harmacopoia is exhibited by N. 8.
Fernando of Colombo; a good assortment is
alse sent from the Kegalle district by Mr. C,
J. R, Le Mesurier, C.C.S.

3. Sulphate of Quinine. — Colombo make,
from Messrs. Symons and Cochrane,

ENTILATING, COOLING AND DRYING,

BLACKMAN

IR PROPELLER.

- GRAIGS PATHNT DRYER.

TE BLA

Sols Makers—
AIR PROPELLER VENTILATING CO., LIMITED,

57, Fore Street, and 2%, Austin Friars, London, E.C,

Ceylon.

CLASS D.
Raw Propucrs aNp MANvracturgs.,

1, Oil Seeds.—Gingelly, mustard, castor, kin,
Tllippai,

2, Taeeabic Oils. — Cocoanut, kekuna, mar-
gosa, Illippai, gingelly, mustard, castor.

ese and many other oils as prepared by
the Sinhalese have been procured from all parts
of tho Island. Cocoa-nut oil is well shown by
Messrs. G. W. Leechman & Co., Mr, D. Smith,
M.P., and by the Agricultural Association of
Ceylon.]}

8. Essential Oils.—Citronella and lemon-grass
from Gikiyanakanda estate; cinnamon bark
and leaf oils from Mr. D. Smith, M.P., Mr. J. F.
Drieberg, M:. G. de Croos.

4. Oil Cake.—Poonac, gingelly cake, castor
cake,

5. Gums and Resins.—Collections from Ku-
runegala,

6. Dyes.—-Orchilla, chaya root, sapan, jak.
milille, mira, domba, and kumbuk. aie

7. Fibres.-— Coir, kittul-fibre, cotton, tree
cotton, sansiviera, aloe.

8. Ropes. Coir, and jungle ropes made from
creepers,

9. Mats ’:d Basket-Worl:.—From Kandy, the
Maidives. Kalutara baskets.

10. Cotton Cloths from Saffragam and Welli-
pang,

11, Tobacco and Cigars.—(1) Dumbara to-
bacco, exhibited through the Planters’ Asso-
ciation, (2) Tobacco from Jaffna and Batti-
caloa,

12. Indiarubber from six districts, exhibited
through the Planters’ Association.

13. Products of the Palmirah Palin.—Col-
lected through the Government Agent for the
Northern Province, Mr. W. C. Twynam, C.M.G.

14, Products of the Cocoa-nut Palm—These,
which represent a chief source of native wealth
and Depeaness, are represented by two complete
collections, the one from the Messrs. Leechman
of Colombo, and the other by Mr. D. Smith,
M.P., from Kadiréna Estate. Models and im-
plements made from portions of the tree are
also shown to illustrate its many uses.

15. Arrack.—A model of a still is shown b
Arnold Dias of Pinadure. A “pot” arrac
still, by means of which illicit distillation is
carried on, is also shown. Arrack, varying in

quality from the fifty year old arrack (a gr
liqueur), to new as well as spirit
arrack vinegar, are contributed by Mr, Ar
Dias, by Mr. ©. H. de Soyas, J.P., and by
Agricultural Association.

16. Cabinet Woods and Building Woods,
collection has been formed and exhibited
Dr. Trimen, Director of the Bot
Gardens, Peradeniya, showing over 250 k
of woods in hand specimens, Planks of
following specially valuable woods are exhibi
on a large scale: Calamander (or coromand
flowered satin-wood, kadimberiya, tamari
ebony, wa, nedun, suriya, appt, jak, kumb
pihimbiya, cocoanut, palmirah, kittul, ag
as some specimens of the Giant Bamboo,

CLASS E.

ImpLemMENts. MEANS or T'RANspont,

1, Agricultural Implements, from 8. D
Bandévanayaka Muhandiram.

2. Fishing Pe At agg are shown
the outrigged fishing canoe, a double ca
and a oad a boat (for cargo), a catamaran,
pearl fishing ballam (or yaw!), together with
crew, divers, and appliances,

8. OCarriages.—Four carriages built in 6
lombo by native workmen are exhibited by
A. Pate and by Mr. John Peries. It is clai
for them that, although they cannot comp
with English work, they may compare
cheapness and finish with work done in Iu
or other colonies.

4. Models of Native Carts.

7. Model of a Bridge constructed of old I
Rails, from Mr. 8. Vine.

8. Model of a Working Section of the Colo
Breakwater, lent by Sir John Coode, K.0.MG@

9. Model of the Government Salt Pans
Puttalam, constructed by Mr, E. O. Davies,
the Government Factory, Colombo,

CLASS F.

Art-Work.

1, Jewellery.—Low-country Sinhalese je
lery. A valuable collection has been lent!
Mr. ©. H. de Soysa, J.P. Kandyan jewelley
lent by Maduwanwala Banda, Elliwala R.
Tambugala Vidéna. Moorish and Tamil jew
lery, lent by G. de Croos.

BARTON & C0., WINE MERCHANTS & SHIPPER

West End Offices: 59, ST. JAMES’ STREET, LONDON, 8.W.

CHOICE CHAMPAGNES of 1857
CHOICE CLARETS of 1868, 18

1865, 1868, 1870, 1874, 1880.
64, 1869, 1871, 1875, 1877.

' PORT AND SHERRY OF ALL THE BEST VARIETIES.
’ Full Particulars on application.

Ceylon,

Work.—Gold Plate, set lent by Mr.
Ser flovia, JP. Pilggres vada tee

Silver-Work.—Kandyan silver-work from
napura, Ke and the Kandy Art Asso-
ion ; also loan exhibits from Mr, A. N. Birch,
G., Miss Emerson Tennent, the Right Hon.
W. H. Gregory, Maduwanwala Banda, Low
try silver-work from Galle and Colombo,
lading loan exhibit from E. R, Gunaratna
Dae. Work from Colombo, Negombo, Jaffna,
j also in combination with copper
silver from the Kandy Art Association.
Ivory Carvings, including loan exhibits
» Mr. A. O. Lawrie, Sir O. P. Layard,
.M.G., and J, M, P. Peries, Mudaliyér.
Wood Carving.—In ebony especially, many
els. Also there should be noted under this
d, the carving on the Kandyan Porch at the
ance of the Court, and that on the gateway
bugh the west end wall,
Cocoanut Shell Carving.—This is a 8
of Ceylon, and the exhibits, which are
nly lent, include some admirable pieces of
k. Besides work exhibited by the carvers
mselves, articles have been lent by Miss
reon ‘Tennent, Captain F. Bayley, Sir C. P.
d, K.C.M. G., and others.
Tortoizeshell- Work.—This industry}of the
hern coast is largely and well illustrated by
workmen from Gaile and Colombo, Tor-
whell-work has also been lent for exhibi-
¥ Captain Gait we Pe.
orewpine Quill- Work.
0. Lacquer-Work.—Toys and tables from
bgalle, Spears from Kandy.
. Clouded Bamboo- Work from Avisawella.
2. Pottery.—Kandyan pottery, Common
ry Pottery from Kaduweia.
4 from Galle, Cotta, and Ne , in-
ling a loan collection from Miss E. A, Fer-

. Furniture—Calamander, tamarind, and
ny cabinets, tables, chairs, and mounted ele-
ats’ tusks, lent by Mr. ©, H. de Soysa, J.P.
id tables, &e. Further loan exhibits have
n received from the Hon. W. H. Ravenscroft,
l. F. R, Saunders, Mr. A. ©. Lawrie, and

ere,
» Arms.—Jewelled, gold, silver and bronze
halese swords and daggers. The loan col-
ions are mainly from Mr. A, C. Lawrie,
rict Judge of Kandy, from the Right Hon.
W. H. Gregory, K.0.M.G., Sir C. P. Layard,
IG. Mr. A. N. Birch, O.M.G., Miss
ron Tennent, Mr. C. J. R. Le Mesurier,

Pe- | Mr. C. W. Rosset.

333

J.P., E. R. Gunaratne
unatilaka Mudaliyér, and
Peries Mudaliyér.

Baers
LMP E a W

CLASS G.
Fine Arts anp Epvcation,

1. Paintings, Drawings, and Prints—(1) A
peers ndy, which appears in theentrance

1 of the Exhibition, is by Miss G, Prideaux
Brune. & Sixty pictures of Ceylon, by Miss
Gordon Cumming. (3) Some pictures, by Miss
North. (4) The pictures which form a frieze
round the Court, are painted by Kandyan artists,
and represent Buddhist Processions and some
of res irth Stories of the bog .

2. Photographs.—(1) Series of Photographs
of the Ruins af Annridhapura, and of the Ge -
lon scenery, are exhibited by Messrs, W. L. H.
Skeen & Co,, of Colombo, (2) Photographs of
the Maldives, and of the Veddah country, by

(3) Photographs illustrating
the tea industry, by Mr. M. H. Clark. (*)
Photographs of a Tea and Coffee Estate, by
Mr. A. M. Ferguson, C.M.G. (5) Photographs
illustrating the Plumbago industry, from Mr.
O. V. Morgan, M.P.

3. Maps and Plans.—Large Map of Ceylon,
Ethnological, Meteorological, and Agricultural
Maps of Ceylon, and a Map of tho Colombo
Harbour and Breakwater. All repared under
the supervision of the Hon. Col. F. C. H. Clarke,
R.A., O.M.G., Surveyor-General of Ceylon.

4. Books.—Publications of the Ceylon Observer,
from Mr. A. M. Ferguson, C.M.G. Tamil Edu-
cational Ola (or palm leaf), Books from Jaffna.

5. Stamps.—A collection of che Revenue,
and Judicial Stamps of Ceylon, lent by Mr,
C. M. Lushington, C.C.8.

CLASS H.
ETHNOLOGICAL,

1, Veddah Weapons, Implements, Shulls, d&e.,
from Mr. AS. A. King, C.C.8.

2. An Eth ical Collection from the Mal-
dives Islands (which are tributary to the Ceylon
Government), collected and exhibited by Mr.
C. W. Rosset. An additional collection has
been sent by Ibrahim Didi, Vizier to the
Sultan.

3. Musical Instruments of the Sinhalese,

4. Masks used by Devil Dancers, and in Sin-
halese comedy.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty,

to call the attention of Watch buyers to the Patce Lisr of his Stock of Goup and Stuver
Tues and Oxodxs for the quality of which he feels that his name will be a sufficient

ntee,

Sacred | 6. Model of a Buddhist Priest, of a K.

5. Buddhist Fans, Alms Bowls,
Writings (in Pali), lent chietly by W. Subhati | Chief and a low-country Mudaliydr (fall
Terunninse, H. Sumangala Terunndnse, High | lay ).
Priest of Adam’s Peak, and J, M. P, Peries| 7%. Collection of Native -resses,

Mudaliyér.

By tho Royal Commission.

ELEPHANT TROPHY.—Head and Forepart of » Rogue Tusker. Other snimals from
Collection of Beauchamp Downall, Esq. A group of Leopards, the lower one of
was killed by Mr. Downall with a /inife.

Designed and arranged, and the Animale Modelled, by
Row.anp Wann, F.Z.8., 166, Piccadilly, London,

MAURITIUS.

FINE ARTS.

AVICH DU BUISSO:, .

Oil-Pwint.
Fruits of Mauritius, “

DESCUBES, A.—(1) Collection of Draw-

whe Dependencies of Mauritius. (4) Plan of
Louis.

DRENING, C.—Photographs.

HALL, NORTH.—Water-Colour Paint-

vg, illustrating Paul and Virginie.

JOURDAIN, H. J.—(1) 5 Water-Colour
aintings representing Views of Mauritius
Richard). (2) Oil Painting (Richard) (8)
ramic View of Port Louis,

SEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES,

AW AND MANUFACTURED |"

PRODUCTS.

FEXHIBITION COMMITTEE. — (1)
Specimens of Building Stones, Blue Basalt,
) 1 Specimen of Building Coal.

OT, TH. DE LA BEAUGEAR.
»—(1) 1 Specimen of Building Stone,
B) 18 Samples of Coloured Clay.

SOCIETE, CHAUXFOURNIERE
ee MAHEBOURG.—(1) Quick Lime,
iutou, (2) Flowers of Corals,

BOTANICAL GARDENS.—Ceollection
Woods :—

(1) Semecarpus anacardium (Nota d Marquer).
mal! tree, Wood used as fuel.

(2) Colophyllum Inophyllum (Tatamaca
ane).— Mauritius. ;

A large tree. Wood tough, ew'ly-grained,
sed in ship and house building, shafts of carts,
hd in all things where strength and toughness
@ required, Seeds yield a valuable oi., and
¢ sum resin that issues from the trunk ia the
mitamace resin of commerce.

The wood of this small tree, which is about

) ft. in height, is mostly used for palisades and

ers in hut-building.

(4) Eugenia mespiloides (Bois de Néfle),—-
Mauritius,

Middle-sized tree, Timber used for boards,
lanks, and flooring or boarding inside of houses,
Vill not bear moisture,
© Eugenia cotinifolia (Bois clou).—Mauri-

tius,

A tree which frequently attains large dimen-
sions. ‘Timber used for boards, planks, and
flooring and boarding inside of houses. Will
not bear moisture.

Aw, Minrusops Erythroxylon (Makak).—Mau-
ritius.

A large-growing tree. The wood excellent,
hard, durable, which is smooth, dark in colour
and takes an excellent polish and is much used
in shingles, frames of houses, boards for flooring,
shipbuilding, cabinet works, &c.

(7) Eugenia Jambosa (Jamrosa).—Mauritius.

ood strong, elastic, tough; much resembles
that of the ash in colour and grain, Used for
handles for tools, and it is reputed fcr the ex-
cellent charcoal which it makes, Tree small,
or large bush.

© Hornea Mauritiana (Bois Phuile).—Mau-
us.

(8) Antirrhwa verticillata (Bots Lousteau),—
Mauritius.
Small-sized tree. Wood used as palisades,
and small tisaber in house- and hut-building,

(10) Canarium Colophania (Bois Colophane),
—~Mauritius.

Large-growing tree, often attaining a dia-
meter of G feet. Pirogues canoes are frequently
hol. owed out of its trunk.

(11) Cinnamomum Zeylanioum (Cinnamom).
— Mauritius.

Small tree. ‘Timber not much used; yellow
and close-grained. The roots yield an excellent
yellow dye.

(12) Lagerstroomia reginm (Goyavier fleur °
arbre).—Ceylon, Burmah, grown in Mauritius,

This tree is very ornamental. The timber is
tough and very durable under water ; it is much
used by the natives in building purposes and in
boat-making, and in the manufacture of gun-
carriages, in felloes and cart naves, framing of
boards and of wagons, binders, and platform
carts, and ammunition-box boards, It is prized
for the fitting of boats, hulls of canoes, house
posts, planking, beams, carts, and various other
purposes,

18) Mespilodaphne, Meissu. D.O. (Bots
Osnelle).—-Mausitinn ¢

This is a middling-sized tree. Wood excel-
lent, smooth, and even-grained, dark-coloured,
finely-veined, polishes well, and much prized
by cabinet-makers,

836
(14) Noronhia Broomeana (Bois Sandal).—
Mauritius.

A large tree. Timber excellent and highly-
prized by turners, house-carpenters, and es :

hts; takes a fine polish, odoriferous, re-
sembling sandal wood.

(15) Weinmannia tinctoria (Bois Lalloo).—
tius. :

Small tree or large bush. Timber only used
as firewood and sometimes as palisades.

16) Pterocarpus Indicus ‘(Sang dragon).—
India, and grown in Mauritius.

Large tree and very handsome. It yields a
valuable red-coloured and beautiful timber used
for gun-carriages, cart-wheels, furniture, and
musical instruments.

(17) Inga duicis (Cassie de Manille),—Java,
pore, and grown in Mauritius.
y middle-sized tree. Timber hard,
knotty, and cross-grained, brown, good, but not
much used,

18) Tetranthera laurifolis (Bois d’oiseauz).
Tres middle-sized, naturalized in Mauritius.
Wood soft and not durable.

19) Tecoma pentaphylla (Tecoma).—West
toning wn in Maurttive,

Rapid-growing and middle-sized shade tree.
Wood. soft, white; not much used.

™ Ficus Mauritiana (Figuier).—Mauritius.
e wood of this fig-tree is only used as fire-
wood in the Colony. Sometimes its trunk is
hollowed out for canoes in the Seychelly Islands.

(21) Diospyros ebenum (Bois d’ébéne).—
Mauritius.

This tree yields the best kind of ebony,
Generally gets black, but sometimes streaked
with yellow or brown. It is very heavy, close,
and even-grained, stands a high polish. It ia
used for inlaying and ornamental tuznery, and
sometimes for furniture,

(22%) Footidia Mauritiana (Bois puant).—
Mauritius,

A large-sized but slow-growing tree. Timber
excellent, very durable, and used for all purposes
in house- and ship-building, &. Now very
scarce.

(28) Labourdonaaisia calophylloides (Bois
de natte, petite feuille).—Mauritius.

In Mauritiur, Bois de natte is a common
generic name for 4 varieties of Labourdonnaisia
and 8 species of bet ag ye They all yield
excellent, ha: 1, durable timber, which is smooth,
dark in colour and takes an excellent polish,
and is much usd for shingles, frames of houses,
boards for floorir g, shipbuilding, cabinet works,
&c. Bark used in tanning and dyeing.

(24) Erythrospermum verticillatum (Bois
gros coco).—Mauritius.

Big bush or small tree, Wood good. Useful
for palisades for huts, &c.

fs

Mauritius.

(25) Tabernwmontana Mauritiana (Bois
lait @ fleurs jaundtres).—Mauritius,

Small tree. Timber used as rafters and y
sades in common house- or hut-building.

(26) Polyscias repanda (Bois
Mouritiue. yse pan papaye),

Small tree. Wood soft, not durable, JU,
as palisades in constructing huts, &c.

(27) Labourdonnaisia glauca (Bois de
grandes tia,
(See 23).

(28) Doratoxylon Mauritianum (Bois
sagaye).—Mauritius.

Small middle-sized tree. Wood good
used in a great variety of purposes.

29) Mangifera Indica (Manguier).—India

his is the well known mangoe-tree. T
wood is coarce and often grained; not dur
and is soon aitacked by insects. It is much
use for coffee-case planks, and the natives ue
for building purposes.

(30) Nuxia verticillata (Bois maigr
Mauritius.

Middle-sized tree. ‘Timber occasionally
for palisades. Short-grained and decomp
readily. When young it makes excellent
ing-sticks, which are much sought for.

($1) Psiloxylon Mauritianum (Bois Bi
gnon).—Mauritius,
ood very hard and durable, and useful fe
great variety of domestic purposes. Tree
and middle-sized.

(22) Pongamia glabra.—Polynesian Isla
iddling-sized tree. Wood light and fibs
coarse and even-grained, light yellowish-b
colour; not easily worked, nox giving a sme
surface, and is used for a variety of pw
Solid wheels of the wooden carts are ofte

of it. Oil is extracted from the seeds, which
used by the natives for lamp purposes.

(88) Elwodendron orientale (Bois @oliv),
Mauritius.
Large-sized tree. Wood soft. Used as

ing boards and planking inside of housea,
as a skirting under shingles.

‘ (34) Artocarpus integrifolia (Jacquie)
ndia.

Large-growing tree. Quality of ti
excellent, yellow when newly cut, changing
brown with age. Highly prized for furnit
durable and resisting extremes of moisturs
dryness well.

(35) Heritiera littoralis (Bois de table
Seycheiles and India.
arge tree, yields good timber, which is
used in Seychelles in house-building.

(36) Harounga Madagascariensis (B
Haroungue).—Mauritius.
Small tree. Wood soft, ~nly fit for firewe

Mauritius.

(87) Terminalia Benzoin (Benzoina). —
uritius.

Large tree, now scarce in Mauritius. Wood
od -opaedpeciees had ge naarg Some parts
the tree were once much burnt in Mauritius
an incense.

R) Geniostoma Borbonicum (Bois Piment).

i us.
The wood of this big bush or small tree is
ad rafters for huts and

Adenanthera pavonina (Bois noir, la

rouge).
Large tree. Timber when first cut much re-
bles the red sandals, and has a pleasant
is strong, but not stiff, hard, durable,
erably coarse, and hp takes a good
lish, is of a beautiful red colour, with stre< “1s
ker shade, but turn purple and resembles
p-wood.

40) Leca sambucina (Bois de Sureau).—
ritius.

Bmall tree or high bush. Wood soft, not
rable ; used occasionally (for want of better)

inferior kinds of hut-building, and for fire-
od, charcoal, &e.

(41) Datbergia Siszoo (Sissoo).—India

“1 : e ee of — size. bs ity
erably light and remarkably strong, of greyish-

bwn colour, with darker coloured veins, and is
d in ship-building, gun carriages and trail-
sand furniture. White ants seldom, if ever,
ok it.

42) Erythroxylon laurifolium (Boisde ronde).
Mauritius,

Small tree. Timber hard and dumble, used
palisades, posts, and for making hurdles or
¢s to grow vanilla upon.

43) Imbricaria coriacea (Pomme Jacot).—

Gaescar,
Bmall tree. Timber oy durable. Planted
lly in Mauritius as a forest tree.
44) Stadtmannia Sideroxylon (Bois de fer).—
uritius,
idle-sized growing tree. Timber hard and
ne, used for square pieces, house-building,

Upholsterers’, Brush,
Carpet, Cabinet,
Saddlers’,

of

‘ 887

(46) Sperazion Boutonianum (Tambala-

—a us.

common, grows to a large size. Timber
hard and strong, durable. When felled during
cold season, crossand curled grain. Used gene-
rally for large beams and poles, but occasionally
for shingles and boards, verandah posts, and
frames of houses.

(47) Quivisia oppositifolia (Bois café marron).
—Mauritius.

Small tree or large bush. Timber generally
small, e\astic, durable. Used for tool-handles.

(48) Sideroxylon Bojerianum (Mangier).—

Sometimes attains large dimensions, but

generally » small middle-sized tree. Wood good

and hard, and durable, and used as planks,
and in house-building.

(49) Swietenia mahogany (Bois @acajou,
mahogany).—W. Indies and Central America.
Thrives well in Mauritius.

(50) Psedium pomiferum (Goyavier).—Tropi-
cal America.

Small tree or big bush. Wood hard, generally
used as fuel.

(51) Ochrosia borbonica
Mauritius and Seychelles.

Large bush or small tree. Common wood,
soft, not much used.

(52) Eugenia Jambolana
Asia.

Middle-sized tree. Timber white, close-
grained, soft, good turning wood.

: ) Melia azaderach (Lilus de V'Inde).—
ndia,

This is a very ornamental tree. The wood of
older trees is handsomely marked; rather
durable, and in use for furniture, but is apt to
warp and split. Planted largely, and grows
since spontaneously,

(54) Trenelia buxifolia
—Mauritius.
Small tree, of slow growth.

(55) Schmidelia racemosa (Bois merle).—

Mauritius.
Tree small, of slow growth. Wood good,

hard and durable.

SHOE THREA
SEAMING

(Bois jaune), —

(Jamlongue),—

(Bois chauve-souris),

DS,

EVERY <)
DESCRIPTION: 4) CO"
¢ se
T. 5. DONNE & SONS, § sO
CASTLE CARY, SOMERSET. % wx
Established 1797, 9 ey ®

838 Mauritius.

(66) ‘Tetratithera monopetala (Telfaira
Yatti),—India.| '

Small tree. Wood whel old used in @ great
variety of domestic purposes

(67) Erythrospermum Maititiaitm (Bois
manioc).—Mauritius.
tree or large bush. Wood generally
Yised as fiiel and rafters in house- and hut-
building, palisades, &e,

(58) Terminalia Outappe (Bedamier).—-India.

A large ornamental tree. Wood light, but
ong Sang ove and is used for various pur-
poses, Tho kernels of the nuts are eaten and
are very palatable,

50) Imbricaria sp,

Midilo-sised tree.

(60) Pithecolobium Saman (Rain-tree oF
Guango).—Central America and W. Indies. '

Introduced and planted for shade. Wood
soft, useless for constructions, and pod is an
excellent fodder for cattle, horses, &c.

- Nephelium Longan (Longanier).—-India.

arge tree, naturalized in Mauritius, lanted

geen as a fruit-tree. ‘Timber not durable,
ttle used,

(2) Spondias sp.
rge-growing tree.

pe Albizaia Lebbeck (Bots noir).—W. India
and Arabia.

Now naturalized, common in all the low and
dry parte of Mauritius. ‘Timber heart-wood,
durable and hard, in great repute for making
paves of wheels and charcoal.

(64) Flacourtia Ramoutchii (Prumier).
Large bush or small tree, planted as fences
and for its fruits.

(65) agree melanda (Bois d’ébéne marbré).

Tree, middle-sized. ‘Limber generally used
in square pieces for frames of houses; it will
not r re Seen and is useless for boards,
as it invariably splits.

(66) Casuarina equisetifolia (I'ilao).--Mada-
gascar, Polynesia.

Middle-sized tree, generally planted through-
out the colony, grows fast. Wood tough, durable
when well seasoned. Used for a variety of
purposes, such as rafters, boarding, &e.

(67) Camphora officinarum (Camphrier).—
Eastern Asia.

Large tree, planted extensively in Muuritius.
Timber used for planks, beams, poles, construc-
tion purposes, Kc.

(68) Morinda cilrifolia (Bois jawne),—Asia.

e roots yield an excellent yellow dye.
(60) Terminalia tomentosa.—India.
4 this is & most useful timber tree, Wood
very hatd, heavy, and strong; much used in
house-building and for boats, canoes, solid
wheels, &,

Averrhoa carambola (Oarambolé),

a.
Planted for its fruits, which are ’
and mado into tarte. " bs:

BOTANICAL GARDENS.—Colle
of Fibres:—Areca species. Areca lutesg
Areca sapida. Areca catechu. Arets

Aralia pepyrifere. Araliu pentaphylla,
nassa sativa. Ananassaspecies creole, A
bracteata. Acrocomia sp. Acrocomia x
carpa. Amomum nemorosum. Amomum¢
momum. Arum macrorhizum. Arum violae
Astrapea Wallichii. Arenga spa. 4
sps. Aleurites triloba. Attalia mar
Averrhoa carambola, Adansonia dig**ata, Ad
thophenix crinita. Alesis Guinensis,

rachta Indica. Bracteolaria racemosa. Bait
tonia Asiatica. Boohmeria nivea. Butea suy
Butea frondosa. Bixa orellana, Banhinisd
minata. Bromelia sceptrum. Bignonia ng
Bombax edulis. Bombax species, aj
sps. Cocos nucifera. Cocos flexuosa. Cary
rumphiana. Caryota urens. Caryota rung
ana (2). Coryphaelata. Carludovica palma
Curculigo Seychellensis. Chrysophyllum cait
Coceulos palmetta. Clusia species, Cy
Indica, Costos elegans. Calamus Roxbor
Draceena reflexa, Dracena concinna, J
cena ferrea. Dracaena Braziliensis, Domi
acutangula. Dombeya Natalensis. Domly
ferruginea, Dombeya umbellata, Dictysapey
aurea, Dictyosperma rubra. Duriozebithi
Doryanthes Palmerii. Desmoncus elegans |
moncus horridus. Deckenia nobilis. Det
rops melanocheites. Entada footida. ni
gigantea. Euterpe toleracea. Ficus Mauri
Ficus nymphefolia. Ficus lucida,
nitidus. icus sps. Ficus dealbata. }
sps. Ficus sps. (2). Ficus sapotoides, !
elastica, Ficus sps. Ficus magnifolia. |
rubra. Ficus macrophylla, Ficus sti
Ficus carica. Ficus religiosa. Ficus lu
Flimingiw strobilifera, Fourcroya gig
Fourcroya Oubensis. Gossypium Barba
Gossypium herbaceum. Hibiscus sps. Hi
mutabilis, Hibiscus esculentus. Hil
sps. C. Africa. Hibiscus Sinensis. Hill
sps. Hyophorbe Verschaffeltii. Hye
amaricaulis. Hernandia ovigera. vp
schatan, Heritiera littoralis. Heliconis
guinea. Hydrophyllum Lindleyii. [pd
sps. Ipomaa tuberosa, Inga hematosy
Kigelia pinnata, Latania Commersonii. f
nia Mauritiana. Latania Loddigesii. Lo
Seychellarum. Lagerstrceemia Indica.
horrida, Musa coccinea. Musa Chis
Musa Otahite. Musa Vert, Musa 2M
Musa Nain. Musa textilis. Malvina
arboreus, Marantha zébrina, Marantha
guinea, Macrogamia spiralis. Morus
Mucuna sps. Monocera lanceolata.
exotica. Nerium oleander. Nephrosperii

Janus microcarpus. Moaresiapdonae
Janus maritimus. Pandanus palustris.
ndanus variegata. Pandanus utilis. Pan-
us pytamidalis. Pandanus odoratissimus.
nit ‘gy en Phonix rupicola, Phoenix
ongamia glabra. Pteras um
ifolium, Phormium tenax. Phyllarthron
rianum. Pancratium giganteum. Plantago
or, Philodendrum lacerum. _Pitcairnia
rail. en 5 mg lucidus, Rubus Moluc-
Ravenale Madagascariensis. Sterculia
ngas. Strelitzia angusta, Strelitzia regina.
us ruflin (from leaves), Sagus lwvis. Sagus
(leaf stalk). Saguerus saccharifera. Swie-
mahogany. Sida glutinosa. Sida carpini-
Sanseviera Zeylanica, Sauseviera pun-
Sanseviera cylindrica. Sapindus longi-
Sabal Adansonii. Sabal a Sabal
braculifera. Theobroma cacao. Thunbergia
diflora. a populnea, Triumfetta
pdulosa. Typha anguetifolia. Wrightia
mntosa. Willistromia viridiflora. Yucca
ogatt. Yucca filamentosa. Yucea gloriosa.
pea sps, Zanziber species.

ALLY.—Aloe fibres.

TNIENVILLE, P.—(1) Aloo fibres.
Sausiviera Zeylanica, (8) Sansiviera cylin-

OURGUIGNON, G.—Aloe fibres.
INDRIES.—Cotton (from St. Juan of

JENARD, C.—(1) Cigars. (2) Tobacco in
es,

UNIENVILLE, P.—(1) Tobaceo in
Ret, (2) Carote of tobacco.

MET.—Carote of tobacco.

USTRALIAN STEAM SOAP
DRKS.—3 samples Superfine aud ‘T'ranspa-

Soaps.

[ENARD, C.—(1) Illipe Seeds (Bassia
olin). (2) Mlipe Oil. (8) Cocoa-nuts.

AGASIN GENERAL DES
ILES.—Cocoa-nut Oil.

OURGUIGINNON, G.—Paper Pulp made

megass.

OTANICATL, GARDENS.—(1) Inc

4 and Gutta-percha. (2) 5 samples of
aIPON, Mme.—Arrowroot.

BOCQUET.—Arrowroot.

» FELIX, A, DE.--(1) Manioo flour.
loves,

LIENARD (CHEBEL).—Vauilla.
JOLY, J.—4 Cases Vanilla.
RONDEAUX, H.—Vanilla.
LIENARD (CHEBEL).—Liberia Coffee
LIENARD (SURINAM).—Cioves.

BOTANICAL GARDENS.—(1) Nut-
meys. (2) Mace.

FLORE MAURICIENNE.—Jams and
Jellies,

ROUHIER FRERES, J. & A—(1)
Liquors. (2) Rum. (3) Rum prepared for
exportation. (4) Vinegar. (5) Eau-de-Cologne.
(6) Black Ink.

FELIX & CHAUVET.—(1) Rum. (2)

Liquors.

SUGAR.

LA FLORA (G. GUIBERT & V.
DELAFAYSE).— 1. (1) Vesou or Ist Jet
Sugar. 2. (2) Ist Syrup.

BOIS CHERI (G. GUIBERT & V.
DELAFAYS).—3. (1) Vesou or Ist Jet
Sugar. 4. (2) Ist Syrup.

ASTRA, Mauritius Sugar Estate.
—5. (1) Vesou. 6. (2) Ist Syrup.

ROSALIB, Mauritius Sugar Netate.
—7. (1) Vesou. 8. (2) Ist Syrup.

RICHE BOIS, Mauritius Sugar Es-
tate.—0. (1) Vesou. 10. (2) Ist Syrup.

SBBASTOPOL.—11. (1) Vesou. 12. (2)
Ist Syrup. 13. (8) 2nd Syrup.

CLARENS, Sugar Estate.—11. (1)
Vesoun, 15. (2) Ist Syrup. 16. (3) 2nd Syrup.
17. (4) Srd Syrup. 18. (5) 4th Syrup.

TERRACINE.—19. (1) Vesou Sugar. 20.
(2) Ist Syrup. 21. (8) 2nd Syrup.

BELLEVUE (WIDOW PALLENDY
& LECOURT DE BILLOT).—22. (1)
V son, 23. (2) Vesou, 24. (3) Ist Syrup.
‘3. (4) 2nd Syrup. 26. (5) 3rd Syrup.

UNION (T. VIGIER LATOUR).—27
(1) Vesou Sugar. 28. (2) Ist Syrup.

HENRIETTA (W. T. SHAND
HARVEY ).—29. (1) Vesou or Ist Jet Sugar,
30, (2) Ist Syrup.

ETOILE, Mauritius Sugar Esiate.-—
31. (1) Vesou or Ist Jet Sugar, 32. (2) lat
Syrup,

z2

840

ist hia 35. (8) Vesou.
UND (EYNAUD & CO.).—
36. wi) ine. 87. (2) lst Syrup.
UNION PARK (SAMOUILHAN).—
38. Brewers’ Crystals.
DEEP RIVER (L. MAZERY).—39.
(1) Vesou. 40, (2) Ist Syrup.
BEAU-VALLON (DE ROCDE-
COUTE).—-41. (1) Brewers’ Crystals. 42.

(2) Brewers’ Crystals, 43. (8) lst Syrup. 44.
- (4) 2nd Syrup.

ST. AVOLD (F. BOUR).—45. (1) Syrup
ugar, 46, (2) Syrup Sugar.

BAGATELLE (BLACKBURN
CO.).—47, (1) Amorphous Sugar.
Amorphous Sugar,

DRUGS, MEDICINES, AND
CHEMICALS.

‘VENDRIES.—Turtle Oil.

WOODS & FOREST DEPART-
MENT.—Collectional of Medicinal Plants.

AU¥FRAY, L.—Cinchonas: collections of
barks and alkaloids in the various stages of
preparation.

NATURAL HISTORY.

EXHIBITION COMMITTEE.—
Stuffed Specimens of the Fauna.

LIBNARD, C. (CHEBEL)—(1)
Ostrich Feathers. (2) Ostrich Eggs. (8)
Emu Feathers. (4) Emu Eggs.

VENDRIDS.—Tortoise Sheli,

&
48, (2) | ¢

Mauritius’

SEYCHELLES.
DUPUY,

(8) Bois Takamaka. @
Doux. (10) Bois Cedre ou Filaos. (11)
rae. (12) Bois Marais Petites Feuj
) Bois Marais Grandes Fouilles, (
aH Manguier. (15) Bois Manglier,
Bois d’Oranger. (17) Bois (00) t.
Bois Blanc. (19) Boisde Fer. (
Pomme. (21) Bois Porcher. (22) Bois
Tei ) Bois Nois. (24) Bois Givofiien (
ne Rose. (26) Bois de Cocotier de Ta
) Bois Damier. (28) Bois Damier, (
on Canelle. a is Fougier. (81)h
(33). ‘Bo Carré, Bois Cocotier do
~ Bois Penit’ nh Pain. (34) Bois §
ragon,

GEMMELL, J., Anse I’Btoilo Est
—'T'obacco.
DURAND, LOUIS.—3 samples Soup

GUERARD, P. J., & ANGLESIE,
—-4 samples Soaps.

BROOKS, J. H., Henley Villa
—(1) Arrowroot, (2) Vanilla, (8) Cloves
Gum Kino.

GEMMELL, J.—(1) Cocoa Beans,
Samples of Kapok.

DURAND, .—Chocolate,

BROOKS, H. J.—(1) Collection of fi
and Essential Oils. (2) Dried Papaw Jui

GEMMELL, J.—(1) Bunch of |
Seeds, (2) Sample of Stem of Raphia
(8) Sample of Raphia Tree proper.

Retatine to Mr. H. Waattey Esteiwce’s Natura History Coiiecriox,

3 Islands which are an appendage to Mauritius are probably little known to
They form, however, an important group in the Eastern seas, being situated a few
south of the line (lat. 3°.31 to 5°.45' $., long. 53°.15’ to 56°.10’ ..), and are abundant in
ty aud natural beauty. Originally discovered through the enterprise of the Portuguese,
were, after occupation by the French, ceded to England in 1814, and now form one of not
interesting of her Majesty’s possessions in this quarter of the globe.
A good account of the islands is contained in a book entitled “Six Years in Seychebles,”
has been lately published by Mr, Estridge, who has for some years held an official position
the chief of the group. Her Majesty has been graciously pleased to accept a copy of
work, which abounds with illustrations alike curious and instructive of the chief
cs, It is a book well worthy of perusal by naturalists interested in our Eastern

Mr, Estridge has been at pains to amass a collection of the chief objects of interest found in
comprising many hitherto little known as existing there.
Among the articles exhibited are specimens of the fruit of the Coco-de-mer (a species of
tree which grows only in these islands), which include a raro exhibit of that product in
development, aa well as some eccentric growths of the common cocoa-nut.
are also examples of the curious insect called the Walking Leaf, of the Mille Patte ot
-footed worm, and of a variety of scorpions, frogs, and snakes.
There are a goodly number of skinned fish, and the collection comprises some peculiar
raystails, and starfish.
We notice also a small hawk of which even the British Museum cannot boast a representa-
and some fine fiying foxes.
Even the geological formation of the islands has not escaped Mr. Estridge’a vigilance, and
us some good pieces of black and amethystine quartz, nacrite, and other stones.
A most beautiful specimen of # coral garden is also shown,
Several sketches of fruits, flowers, and other objects complete a collection which cannot fail
tract considerable interest.

me a

842

THOMAS BLAND & SONS

MANUFACTURERS OF

Guns, Rifles, Revolvers, and Gun Implement

Wholesale and Retail.
LONDON:
106, STRAND, W.C.

“THE KEEPER'S GUN,”

PRICE 6 GUINEAS.
10, 12, 14, 16, or 20 Bore. (With choke-bore
Barrels, 21s, extra.) Strongly recommended.
In evidence of the shooting powers of these
ns, the Field Committee report :—* The 16
at 60 yards shot marvellously well, bein
third on the whole list of twenty-one guns.”

EXPRESS DOUBLE RIFLES.

‘360, ‘400, ‘450, ‘500 and ‘577 Bores,
PRICE 20 GUINEAS.

TESTIMONIAL.

From Epwarp J. Jexyur, Esq., Zierow,
Wismar, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, August 9,
1884 :—* In fulfilment of my i
to report on the -450, 400 Express Double
Rifle you built for me last spring. It is ex-
ceedingly neat and handy, and ite shooting,
both with solid and expanding bullets, is
most accurate. My two last shots have been
as follows :—First, at a red deer, whose head
alone was visible over the brow of some
steeply-rising ground; the expanding bullet
struck him between eye end ear, and he fell
on the spot; seeond, with solid bullet, a roe-
buck, shot through the heart dead at ninety
yards.”

RESULTS GUARANTEED:
Steadiness of Shooting and Good Target,
Flat Trajectory and Little Recoil,

N.B.—At the recent “Forest and Stream” trials, for tes
the trajectory of rifles, held at Creedmoor, U.S.A., carried
by a Government Ordnance Officer, in the presence of a dist
guished party of scientific gentlemen, the BLAND EXPE
DOUBLE RIFLE beat all the thirty-one other rifles sent in
competition by the most celebrated rifle makers of America.

Messrs. BLAND having had considerable experience
supplying Outfits for Expeditions (both public and pri
request that they may be allowed to give the benefit of
experience to any Expedition about to be projected,

Advertisements. —

BIRMINGHAM
Works,

41, 42,43, WHITTALL ST.

Wholesale and Retail.
LIVERPOOL:
62, SOUTH CASTLES

“THE CAPE GUN,’

A RIFLE AND SHOT GUN COMBINE
PRICE 16 GUINEAS.

The Field writes of “ The Cape Gus"
“Selecting one at random from stock, we
the rifle barrel, first at 70, and afte
100 yards, from an ordinary rest, and
able to put ball upon ball at both dis
that the truth of its shooting from ther
barrel ig good enough for any purpose,
indeed, cannot be excelled even by the mat
pensive rifle in the market.”

BLAND’S

Self-Extracting Army Rev

CALIBRE :476.

PRICE £2 17s. 6d.
(Cartridge Government Mark Tl)

The Field, of March 24, 1886, writt
“We have tested this revolver with
one hundred rounds, without fouling #
create any difficulty in manipulation.
regard to accuracy, WE HAV E }
EXCELLENT PRACTICE WITH
that is to say, AS GOOD AS WITH
REVOLVER WHICH WE HAVE}?
TRIED,”

STRAITS SETTLEMENTS.

Settlements consist of Singapore, an island at the south of the Maiay Peninsula; Penang,
| officially known as Prince of Wales Island, on the west coast o that peninsula; and
ip of land opposite known as Province Wellesley ; the Dindings, several Islands with 9 strip
‘itory on the mainland to the south of Penarg; and Malacca, situated between the
lings and Singapore. Ip addition to the above the native states of Perak, Selangor, apd
wi Ujong, which extend from Malacca to Province Wellesley, are under English protection,
styled residents being appointed to each state, who are directly under the orders of the

mor of the Straits Settlements.
Singapore contains an area of 206 square miies; Penang, 107; Provinca Wellesley, 207;

659 ; the Dindings, including the island of Pankor, about the same area as Singapore.
Malacca was taken possession of by the Portuguese in 1511, and remained in their hands
il 1€41, whem it was occupied by the Netherlanders, and retained by them until 1795.
ween the last-named date and 1818 it was in the occupation of the English, but was restored
he Netherlands in 1818. By a treaty with Holland dated 17th March, 1824, Malacca way
in ceded to England in exchange for Bencoolen in Sumatra. It was agreed moreover that
Jond would not attempt to form any settlements in Sumatra, nor the Netherlanders in the
Slay Peninsula.

Penang was ceded to England in 1785 by the Rajah of Kedah; Province Wellesley being
p acquired from the Rajah a few years later to enable the authorities to put down the prevailing
whieh played havoc amongst the European merchantmen. This latter territory is bounded
he Muda River, and by a live ten miles south of the Kian River. Penang was the seat of
mment of the Straits Settlements until 1832, since which date it has been carried on at

The Dindings were ceded to the Colony by Treaty in 1874.

The chief productions of the peninsula consist of tin, sugar, spices, rice, tapioca, sago, hides,
bs, gum, coffee and tobacco, but many of these are not grown in English territory.

Trade is largely on the increase, as will be shown by a comparison of the returns of the
od imports and exports for the years 1859-60 and 1884 given below :—

1859-60 1884
Singapore ; , 10,371,800 25,931,980
Penang . ; ‘ 3,580,000 12,066,267
Malacca . 928,000 1,079,612

£14,821,300 £39 ,077 , 809

a

| The Straits ports are wholly free from export and import duties.
The total population of the Settlements, in 1881, was 428,384, as against 307,951 in 1871,
273,000 in 1866.
The following details will give an idea of the mixed character of the inhabitanta:—

a a

| Europeans. Malays. Chinese, Natives of India,
Singapore. ‘ * 2,769 22,155 86,766 12,058
Penang . . .| 612 21,772 45,135 15,730
Provinee Wellesley 76 58,723 21,637 10,616
Malacca =. 40 67,513 19,741 1,891

Dindings . . , 2 1,847 466 87

The Revenne of the Colony is derived from land, licences, stamp duties, light dues,
fines and fees, and certain reimbursements. Its incroasing character will be seen from
following statistics :—

Revenue, Expenditure,
1868 . ° ° . £276,642 £254,391
1881 ° ‘ . . 436,060 422,082
1882 ° . ° 441,673 420,065
1883 ° ‘ . 546,279 580,149
1884 . . ’ 629,921 580,147

The number of vessels entered at the ports of the colony in 1884 (exclusive of native
was 5848, with a burthen o/ $,634,174 tons; of thoso entered outwards, 3,759, with a tonnag
8,576,493, the number of native vessels being 9,417 inwards, and 9,849 outwards, the tonnage
266,954 and 280,986 respectively.

Fish forms, with rice, the principal article of food among all the native races. Thi
especially the case as regards the Malays; while the Chinaman, if he can afford it, will
ment his meal of rice and fish with a small quantity of pork. ‘To supply the various
about 15,000 persons are wholly employed in fishing operations, and in addition
families meet their own requirements, which is readily done, {as the waters of the Colony
with fish. It is estimated that about 20,000 tons of fish are annually disposed of in the
markets of Singapore, of which the total value may be placed at about £470,00. ; while
Penang it is calcula:.d that the daily consumption in the markets of that Settlement is a
18 tons, of the estimated value of abuut £450,

Straite Settlements. 845

DIVISION I.
ETHNOLOGY.

W. A. PICKERING, ESQ, C.M.G.,

— Model of Street in Sin
Model of Imitation Sea with Nativ
Model of Chinese Temple in Bthapere.
lection of Models of Native Craft. Collec-
on of Native Weapons. Collectiva of Native
hing Apparatus.

-j N. B. DENNYS, 8. Ph.D.—Collec-

on of Musical Instruments used by Chinese in

ingapore. Full-sized Jinricksha with Coolie.
m0 Smoking Tmplements.

CHARLES VERCOE, ESQ., rome
ore.—T'wo Blow Tubes with Spears attac
i two Shields,

EB. W. BIROH, ESG., Magapore—
» Blow Tubes and Quivers containing
ned darts used by Abo nal wild Tribes
: the wae Beale aper ay Collection illustra-
\ y life of the inhabitants of the
00 Palen Islands.

J. MILLER, ESQ, Singapore. —
pllection of Genuine and Counterfeit Bank
otes and Coins now or formerly ~y use in
is Settlements, Instruments and Metal
Chinese in Singapore for Counterfeit-
OT scp oage of Stamps in use in the

OHAMED ALSAGOFF,
BSQ.—Uollection of Models of Native Craft.
Collection of Kites used by Malays in Straits
Settlements, Model of State House of Malay
Raja with ace Oe showin in Bs wedding ceremon
in p toys, &., used
by Chinese in SMalnoon.

HON. D. F. A. HERVEY, Malacca.—-
Musical Instruments used by A boriginal Native
Tribes of Malacca, Collections of Old Copper
and Silver Coins.

TUAN WAN CHILEK, Malacca.—
Collection of Native Weapons.

BE. HOGGEH, ESQ., Malacca, — Col-
lection of Measures old and modern.

DIVISION II.
EDUCATION AND SCIENCE.

T. IRVINE ‘ROWELL, ESQ., M.D.,
Singapore.—Pamphlet on the Meteoro!
of the Straits Settlements. Collection <? Native
Drugs.

PF. A. SWETTENHAM, BSQ.—Malay-
English and Erglish-Malay Vocabulary.

THE SINGAPORE AND STRAITS
RINTIN O

P G CBE, pore,
D. NEAVB, ESQ.—Collection of works
printed and published in Singapore,

TAN YBEBOK NEB, ESQ, Singa-
pore.—-Collection of Native Drugs.

PENANG LOCAL CO
Penang.—Collection of Chinese Drugs.

J. B. WESTERHOUT, ESQ., Ma-
7 — — Collection of Native Medicinal

T, J. eanamton, ESQ., Singa-
ore. — Three Tops ured in Pahang, in use in
e Straits Settlements,

MAJOR J. MANNERS KERR,
pore. — Collection of Water Colour

wings sr Fruits indigeneous to the Straits
E pments.

R. W. MAXWELL, BSQ., Sing
pre,—Chinese State Presentation Umbrella.

| MESSRS. LAMBERT BROS,
hgapore.— Ccllection of Photographs of
fe and Scenery of the Straits Settlements,

W. EGERTON, ESQ., Penang. —
lustrations of Animals used by Chinese in
ine in lotteries,

}A. B, McKEAN, ESQ., Penang. —
ollection of Coins, bank-notes and tokens now
od or to be found iu Penang.

D, NAUTA, Penang. — Threo Albums
Penang Scenery and Native Life,

M. CHI BUN HONG, Malacca. —
ection of Musical Instruments used by the
ay biness in Malacca,

SYED HAMID OF TAMPIN.—Collec
tion of Native Medicinal Roots,

—_—--

DIVISION III.

THE DWELLING,

SYED MOHAMED ALSAGOFF,
BSQ., Singapore.—One Model of Malay
Raja’s Reception House, with Figures, showing
p of Wedding Ceremony. er co) lection
of cles in ordinary Malay domestio use, in-
cluding Toys and Games. Two hundred and

specimens,

546

Singapore.—Collection of articles of ordi-
pe iy alay domestic use, Forty-four Speci-

PENANG LOCAL COMMITTHBR,
Penang. — Model of (Malay House, with
Walls of Bertam Work. Model of Malay House
of a commoner kind, walls of Nipah Palm
and Bamboo. Carved Woodwork for Doorway
of Malay House. Set of Malay Bed-hangings.
Model of Chinese Bed with hangings.

MR. C. CURTIS, Penang. — Collec-
tion of Rattan Articles in household use,

TUAN WAN CHILEK, Malacca.—
Model of a native Raja’s House.

J. EH. WESTERHOUT, ESQ, Ma-
lacca.—Model of a Native Ordinary House.

CHAN TEK CHEANG, ESQ., J.P.,
Malacca. — Models of Chinese Furniture,
Light Articles,

OHI BUN HONG, Malacea, — Col-
tion of Articles of Chinesa domestic use.
y-eight, Articles.

J. E. WESTERHOUT, ESQ., Ma-

,.— Choppers used by M h and
Iota (itanney ited Pe Malern on

rr ee

DIVISION IV.
FABRICS, ART WARE, ETC.

WAN YH, Sip * pore—
Oa roar s TYE, Sip * pore.

Colleton of linitation Gold
by Malays.

KHO SEANG TAT, Penang.—Gold
Phread Searf, used by- Chinese on grand occa-
sions. ’

PENANG LOCAI COMMITTEE,
Penang, through C. CURTIS, ESQ.—
Cotton used for Mattresses, Pillows, &. Bam-
boo Hats (Three), Three Gold Thread
Shadufs.

Singapore.—
Ornaments used

Straits Settlements.

TUAN WAN CHILEK, Malacca,
Full Dress worn by Arabg in Straits Settle
ments, Ordinary Dress worn hy Arabs in Strait
Settlements.

Cc ‘ BUN HONG, Malacca,—0 (i
nary Chinese Dregs,

DIVISION V.
NATURAL HISTORY.

T, IRVINE ROWELL, ESQ., MD
Singapore. — Collection of prepared Fish
indigenous to waters of Straits Settlement
Collection of Fishing Apparatus. (See Special
Catalogue.)

H. BROWN, ESQ., Province V
lesley.—Collection of Snakes.

J. K. BERCH and W. HGERTO
BSQS8., Province Wellesley.—Collestin
of Butterfties. , ’

HON. J. VERMONT, Province Wel,
lesley.—One Snake, and One Fish.

meas s- Models of Fishing Boats aif
uu SOs. {

PENANG LOCAL COMMITTE
through J. CURTIS, HSQ., Pengng,
Collection of Reptiles. Hishing Apparatus

HON. D. F. A. HERVEY,
lacgca.—Collection of Siufied Animals ail
Birds indigenous to the Malay Peningul
Sixty Specimens. Collection of yarious Spats
mens of Fish and Reptiles. Sixty-eight bottla
Collection of Fishing Apparatus.

E. HOGGH, ESQ., Malacca. — ty}
lection of Hunting and Fishing Apparatus,

DIVISION VI.
AGRICULTURE.

HON. J. VERMONT, Province We

lesley. — Agricultural Implements vsed

Malays in Penang and Province Wellald
Right Specimens,

MARINE MACHINERY AND STEAM VESSELS

rt ha a
'S PA:

nger Steamers, Yachts, Tugs, Launches.
ginss. Marine and Land Boilers.
VWATYE

DUNCAN'S PATENT PROPELLER and VALVE REVERSING LAUNCH ENGINB®
| ~ RQ8S & DUNCAN, |
WHITEFIELD WORKS, GOVAN, GLASGOW,

Straita Settlements.

KHO BU ANN, Province Wel-
ssley.—Model of Rica Mill, with Butffalocs,
Neale 3 in. to 1 ft.

LOCAL COMMITTEE. fore
fodels of Timber Slide, Malay Wooden
Harrow, :

J. B. WESTERHOUT, ESQ., Ma-
acca. — Specimens of Thatches. Specimens
f Gutta and Spices,

CHAN TEK CHEANG, ESQ., J.P.,
Malacca. -- Specimens of Spices aud Rat-

HON. D. F. A. HERVEY, Ma-
acea.—-l wenty-two Carved Malacca Canes,

J. E. WESTERHOUT, ESQ., Ma-
acca, — Specimens of Native Agricultural
mplcmenty.

fT. IRVINE ROWELL, ESQ., Sin-
yapore.—Collection of Timbers,

HOWARD NEWTON, ESQ., Sin-
gapore.— Collection of ‘Timbers, showin
breaking Strain, with Saientifie Notes thereon.

Seales SETS, oe
Er, 8, * gingepore. = Colleation. of
Imbers,

H. MELDRUM, ESQ.,
ollection of Timbers,

MESSRS. STIVEN & CO., Singa-
bore.—Collection of Rattans.

PENANG LOCAL COMMITTER,
Penang, through C. CURTIS, BSQ.—
ollection of Timbers. Forty-eight Specimens.
ollection of Dried Plants to accompany Wood
Specimens. Thirty-three Sheets. Collection
f Seeds to accompany Wood Specimens. Col-
ection of Gums, Pepper, Gambier and Rattan.
ollection of Thatches, Cordage, Qoir Rope, and
Bertam Plait Work. ~ :

Johore.—

_—— ee

DIVISION VIL.
FOOD PRODUCTS.

MESSRS. GUTHRIE & CO,, Si
pateeSpecimans ‘of Food Products ue

TENTS FOR —

847
MESSRS. SYMB. & ©0., Singa-
ane, om Bpeoiwnens of Gipioos ent ond to
ucts,

THE BUTLER SINGAPORE CLUB,
Singapore.—Specimens of Condiments.

THE JOHORE THA COMPANY,
LIMITED, Singapore.—Specimens of Tea.

HON. SHAH LEANG SEAH,
Singapore.—Collection of Gutta, Pepper,
Thatches,

MR. J. BASTIANI, Singapore, —
Specimens of Preserved Fruits.

MESSRS. TYE SENG BEB & OO.,
Singapore.—Specimens of Preserved Fruits,

THE CHAISERIAU LAND AND
PLANTING COMPANY.—Specimens of
Preserved Fruits and § , Forty-one spe-
cimens. Specimens of Preserved Fruits,

TRAFALGAR ESTATE, Singapore.

& | —Specimens of Tapioca, eight bags.

MR. C. PARKER, Singapore. —
Specimens of Dried Fruits.
THE SENGAPORE PRESERVING

COMPANY, Singapore. — Preserved
Fruits, twenty-four specimens,

J. GRAHAM, ESQ., Singapore.—
Models of Native Fruits, forty-one. “Preserved
Pine-apple, six specimens.

MESSRS. TYE SENG BEE & CO.,
00, Sr ei Brandy and Syrup,
Candied Pine-apple and Papaya Fruit. a ee

MRS. CONINGHAM, Singapore.—
Preserved Green Pepper. ae

MESSRS. C. FAVRE & CO., Sin-
gapore. — Specimens of Preserved Fruits,
Spices, and Spirits.

J. F. NICHOLSON, ES Slinga-
pore.—Specimens of Friscwee ine Bro.
ducts and Spices, forty-one specimens,

annals Rao
the Malak Tetate. aii:

TRAVELLERS.

DOUBLE ROOF RIDGE TENTS SUFTABEB FOR AFRICA.
Patent Trestle Cot and Hammock. Portable Child’s Cot.
CAMP FURNITURE ANDO EQUIPMENT QF ALL KINDS.

BENJAMIN EDGINGTON, Luuteo,

Tent, Rick Cloth, and Flag Maker, to H.M. The
Queen, and H.R.H. The Prince of Wales.

h DUKE STREET, foot of LONDON BRIDGE, LONDON, SF. Catalogues aent on application.

348 Straits Settlements.

E. L. ROBERTS, ESQ., Province
Wellesley.— Samples of Tapioca from the
Alma Estate.

DIVISION VIII.

RAW PRODUCTS, PRIMARY MANUPA
TURES, ANIMAL AND MINERAJ
PRODUCTS. :

PERSEVERANCE ESTATE, Sin
gapore.—Essential Oils, six specimens,

T, J. CHATER, ESQ., Singapore.
Specimens of Varnish, fourteen bottles,

CHARLES HARDOUIN, H8Q,
Penang.—Essential Oils, four flasks,

PENANG LOCAL COMMI
Penang.—Specimens of Native Soap,
used as a Hair-wash, Bark used for Tannin
and Beeswax.

J; McDOUGALL, ESQ, Pn
vince Wellesley.—Specimens of Brick
manufactured at Caledonian Estate.

TUAN WAN CHILEK, Malacca
—Twelve bottles of Essential Oils.

J. E. WESTERHOUT, BSQ., Ma
lacca.—Essential Oils and Seeds.

CHAN TEK°SCHEANG, ESQ., JP,
and CHI BUN HONG, BSQ.—Iniig,
Mangrove, Bark and Colours.

CHAN TEK CHEANG, ESQ., J.P.-
Satie oo ee ca ne ee Chinese Bricks and Tiles. Specimens of Tin
: OXE8 i y

of Cigarettes, from the Delhi and Lengkst Ore, Plumbago, and Limestone.
HON. D. F. A. HERVEY, Me

Cigar and Cigarette Company.

lacca.—Specimens of Tin Ore. Specimen
of Ironstone, and a collection of Mineralogical
Specimens from Johol and Geminchi. Spe
mens of Natural Water from Local Minenl

Springs,

E. BROWN, ESQ, Province
Wellesley. — Samples of Sugar from tho
Prye Estate. Samples of Rum. Samples of
Padi (rice unhusked),

HON. J. VERMONT, Province
Wellesley. — Samples of Sugar and
Spices. Samples of Padi (rice unhusked).
pouipics of tum. From the Batu Kawan

state.

J. McDOUGALL, ESQ., Province
Wellesley.—Samples of Sugar. Samples of
Rum from the Caledonia Estate.

PENANG LOCAL COMMITTEE,
through c CURTIS, ESqQ., Penang.—
egeipeey of ay and other Fruits, forty-

ve specimens, owroot, rough and prepared.
pi anut Paim Sugar. Gini Nuts? Catone

MR. CHARLES HARDOUIN, Pro-
vince Wellesley.—Branch of Liberian Coffee

preserved in rum, with jar of | ;
Patchuli leaves. oi eee NO, oe

HON. D. F. A. HERVEY, Ma-
pea — Fourteen specimens of Forest
ruits,

CHAN TEK CHEANG, ES8Q., J.P.,
Malacca. — Samples of ‘Tapioca, Jaffery

Sago, Padi, Honey, Coffee, and Betel Nuts. SELANGOR.

DIVISION I.
ETHNOLOGY.

THE GOVERNMENT OF

J. E. WESTERHOUT, ESQ. Ma-|STATE OF SELANGOR.— Modd

lacca,—Bottles of Sago, Toddy, Wild Tea, Dwelling used by the Sakeis or Abori

Betel leaves, Chunam, and Tobacco. Four| Tribes of Malay Peninsula. Photographs
bundles Nipal shoots for making Cigarettes. the State of Selangor. Collection of Mala

ENAMEL PAINTING,
AT COST OF ORDINARY PAINT:

HOWARD & SONS, DECORATORS, 25, BERNERS STREET, W

CHI BUN HONG, Malacca.—
Thirty-two samples of Preserves, and fifteen
bottles of Preserved Fruits.

Straits Settlements.

{usical Instruments. Collection of Sakei Musi-
ml Instruments. Collection of Malay Weapons.
Dollection of Sakei Weapons. Collection of
Malay Fishing Traps and Apparatus, including
Boats. Collection of Native Tools. Native
ootball. Native Tops and other Toys. Spurs
nsed by the Malays in Cock Fighting. Collec-
ion of Blow Tube for use with Poisoned
Arrows, and Quiver used by Sakeis. Model of
Jhinese Pump used in the Mines.

DIVISION III.
THE DWELLING.

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
STATE OF SELANGOR.—A Collection
bf Malay and Chinese Furniture and Household

tensils. Specimen of Malay Wood Carving.
fodel of a Sakei House. Attaps for Roofs of
Houses, Curtains made of Attap leaves, ‘Table
made of Ringas Wood. Bamboos used for
mtying water.

DIVISION IV.
FABRICS AND ART WARE.

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
STATE OF SELANGOR.—Native Hats.
loth prepared from Bark by the Sakeis, a
Aboriginal Wild Tribe. Sleeping Mats. Dress
fa Malay Raja, Baju and Saroug. Pair of
sandals, Collection of Gold Ornaments.
specimens of Tin Ornaments mede by Chinese.

DIVISION V.
NATURAL HISTORY.

Head of Elephant shot in Selangor. Head
f Sladang (the Bison of the Malay Peninsula).

DIVISION VI.
NMBERS AND FOREST PRODUCE.

THH GOVERNMENT OF THE
STATE OF SELANGOR.—Specimens of
futta. Specimens of Damar. Collection of
mber. Specimens of Mangrove Bark.

349

DIVISION VII.

AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PRODUCTS,
INCLUDING NARCOTICS AND
STIMULANTS.

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
STATE OF SELANGOR.—Materials used
by Malays ‘or Betel-nut Chewing. Malay
Sweetmeats. Padi (unhusked Rice). Rice pre-
pues from above. Juice of Sugar Cane when

rst pressed. The same partially boiled. Raw

Sugar. Sugar packed for exportation. Model

Tapioca. Pearl and Flour. Malay Cigarettes.

on acco. Platform used for drying Padi
el.

DIVISION VIII.

ANIMAL AND MINERAL PRODUCTS
AND PRIMARY MANUFACTURES.

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
STATE OF SELANGOR.—Specimens of
Tin Ore, and Tin after Smelting. Collection of
Shells. Specimen of Bat Guano. Specimens
of Chinese mode Bricks and ‘Tiles. Specimens
of Bricks and Tiles used in Government work
with sample of Clay.

SUNGAI UJONG.
DIVISION I.

ETHNOLOGY.
E. GUERITZ, ESQ,, Sungai

Ujong.— Model of Water Wheel used in
Jelebu.

DIVISION ILI.

EDUCATION AND SCIENCE,
THE GOVERNMENT OF THE

| STATE OF SUNGAI UJONG.—Collec-

tion of Native Drugs.

MESSRS. HILL & RATHBONE,
Sungai Ujong.— Specimens of Chinchona
Bark grown on Linsum and Antoinetto Estates.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
jWatdh, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

Ladies’ Neck Chains and Brooch Chains of the newest and most fashionab!e patterns, from £3,

Gentlemen’s Guard and Albert Chains of all patterns, ‘of warranted qualities, from £3.

Brooches of the choicest patterns, from £1 10s. Gum and other Bracelets in large variety,

Ladies’ Gem Rings of the finest qualities, A large assortment, at £1 each, of warrauted Gold, and Real Stones,
Mourning Rings. Wedding Rings. All other articles of Jewellery of every description,

Ladies’ Rings, mounted with Diamonds, Rubies, Emeralds, and Pearls, from £1, ‘

350

DIVISION V.
NATURAL posal

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
STATE OF SUNGAI te Collec-
tion of Reptiles.

be ee

DIVISION VIL.
FOOD PRODUCTS.

Specimens of Coffee, White Pepper, and
Cocoa.

STATE OF PERAK.
DIVISION I.

Section I.

WRAY, L., ESQ., JUN.— Collection of
Native Photographs.

WRAY, CECIL, ESQ.— Collection of
Native Photographs.

Sxrcerron III.

HALE, A., HSQ., Inspector of Mines,
Kinta.—Collection of Articles in Use and
Constructed by the Sakeis, chiefly from Ulu
Kinta.

WALKER, CAPT. R. 8 F., Com-
mandant 1st Perak Sikhs.—-(1) Collection
of Malay Weapons. (2) Collection of Abori-
ginal Weapons.

GOVERNMENT OF PERAK.—(1)
Malay Musical Instruments. (2) Opium
Smoking Appliances.

Section IV.
IMENT OF PERAK. —
Chinese and Malay weights and measures.
Srorten VI.
GOVERNMENT OF PERAK.—(1)
Resing and Gums. (2) Woods.
Seotion VII.

GOVERNMENT PERAK.—
Collection of Agricultaral nat Forest Products,
Fruits, Coffee, &c.

Straits Settlements.

Szrorion eo

GOVERNMENT PERAK,
through T. WRAY, wee Oden ;
Essential Oils, &c.

Snotton IX,

GOVERNMENT OF PERAK (1)
Buffalo Baskets or Panniers, (1A) Buffal
Bell. (2) Model Buffalo Cart (wheelless), (9
Malay Elephant Goad. (4) Elephant Basket
and Hood. (5) Elephant Baskets. (6) Wooder
Elephant Bell.

DIVISION It.

se Srotto’ II.
GOVERNMENT OF PERAK.
The Ferns of Perak, collected and determing
by the Rey. B. Scortechini, LL.B., F.LS.
Srcrton III.
WRAY, L., ESQ., JUN.-—Photograply
of Native Houses and Scenery.
Section IV.
GOVERNMENT OF PERAK.
Native Umbrellas and Walking Sticks.
Secrion V.

(1) Collection of Perak Butterflies, collectelli
and exhibited by KONSTTER
ESQ., Thaipeng, Perak.

GOVERNMENT OF PERAK—(
lection of Snakes.
Secrron VI.
GOVERNMENT OF #£PERAK-
Collection of Native Agricultural Appliances
Section VIII.
GOVERNMENT OF PERAK-
Collection of Barks.

Srorron 1X.

GOVERNMENT OF PERAK —()
Model of Malay River Boat. (2) Snunil ditt
(8 & 4) Model Bamboo Raft.

aie

DIVISION III.

Srcrion I.

THE GOVERNMENT OF P
—One full-sized Malay Dwelling Howse (

grounds),
Srotion V.

GOVERNMENT OF PERAK -—(
lection of Snares and Traps.

DIVISION Vi
Srotion IV,

GOVERNMENT OF PERAK—

Native smth

SWETTENHAM, F. A., Br ee H.M.’s
Resident a selene re.—(1 )A ok :
of Malay Art-ware. (2) Collection of
Silver Work. (8) Oalieotion of Maly Tin.
ware. (4) A collection of Chinese Tin-ware.

DIVISION IV.
Sxction IIT,

GOVERNMENT OF PERAK.—
liection of Articles in ordinary domestic
among Malays.

H, H. RAJA DRIS, C.M.G. — Mala
(the nation dress), silk and gold ‘thread.
imau.

Section IV.

GOVERNMENT OF PERAK.=-Loom
d Spinning Appliances.

Sectrox VITT.

GOVERNMENT OF PERAK.—( 1-

B ie and tin-sand from various regions.
) bearing tin-sand frém Patan

F orkdent washed from tif-dand,

pate Padang.

a rele

DIVISION Vi.

GOVERNMENT OF PRRAK.—
Ling og Os ie different kinds of coffee Shortot TV

Wit

GOVERNMENT
Buctton VIfl. Model of a Malay fh PeRAR 1)
OF PRERAK—(i) (8) Model of a Malay House.

oar
Dre Wg ge on te) Srottos Vith
rsalte Ga ultea. tan (6) an a

ha OS cot

GOVERNMENT OF PrHRAK—
Fi A tisdd by the Chinese in the mines.

352 Advertisements.

SIR JOHN BENNETT,
65 & 64, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON

WATCH, GLOGK, & JEWELLERY MANUFACTURE

BY APPOINTMENT TO HER MAJESTY,

The Royal Observatory, The Board of Ordnance, The Admiralty, The
Board of Trade, the British, Indian, ‘Russian, and French Governments,
andthe Principal Railway Companies,

\ (FREE BY POST. ee yt

= SS
ee a SS

No MORE WATCH-KEYS.
GIR JOHN BENNETT offers the remainder of his choice

and valuable Stock of GOLD and SILVER KEY WATCHES at 20 PER CENT. REDUCTION, as be
ntends to keep none but Keyless Watches.

£5,—The CHEAPSIDE KEYLESS LEVER WATOH.—Sit
* JOHN BENNETI’S LAST PRODUCTION in WATCH-WORK.—For £5, fine 4-plate KEYLIS

LEVER WATCH, with Chronometer Balance, and jewelled in 13 actions, in strong Silver Case. ‘The Cheapet
Watch ever produced, Air, damp, and dust tight. Free and safe per post for £5, ae

£10. —In return for a £10 Note, free and safe per post, one

of BENNETT’S LADIES’ GOLD KEYLESS WATCHES. Perfect for time, beauiy, and workiadsll
with keyless action; air, damp, and dust st tight. Gold | Gold Chains at Manufacturers’ Prices.

£1 5 —In return for Post-Office Order, free and safe by post,

© oneof BENNETT'S GENTLEMEN’S GOLD KEYLESS LEVER WATCHES, with Chronometet
Balance, and jewelled in 13 actions. In all respects a thoroughly sound, useful Watch.

£20 —For MEDICAL, SCIENTIFIC, and RACING MEN.-

© sIR JOHN BENNETT’S HANDSOME GOLD KEYLESS LEVER CENTRE SECONDS ST0?
WATCH, with Chronometer Balance, and jewelled in 13 actions. Perfect for time and durability.

£25 —The “SIR JOHN”? REGISTERED TRADE MARK

® A STANDARD GOLD KEYLESS 4-plate HALF-CHRONOMETER WATCH, accurately time
for all climates, gewelled in 13 actions. In massive 18-catat case, with Monogram or Crest richly emblazoned,
Free and safe per post. SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65, Cheapside, London.

(CLOCKS.—The FINEST STOCK in LONDON. At pric

lower than ever. SIR JOHN BENNEIT, Wa'ch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, 64 & 65, Cheapsid
London, E.C. Catalogues post free,

EEE

( 358)

HONG KONG.

ox@ Kone is an island, 12 miles east-south-east from the estuary of the Canton River, and
) miles from Canton, the capital of Southern China. It is, with its dependencies, a Colony of
reat Britain.

The name “ Hong Kong” is derived from the Chinese “ Heung Kong,” meaning the fragrant
a Port. The island was formerly, and still is, generally known among the Chinese by the name
Kwan Tai Lo, meaning Petticoat String Road, the original road or pathway along the northern
ore, being compared by the Chinese to a petticoat string.

The island of Hong Kong is situated between 22° 10' and 22° 17' north latitude, and 114° 6’
i 114° 18’ east longitude. It is boundéd on the north by the harbour of Victoria, on the
prth-east by a pass, from a quarter to half a mile wide, known as the Ly-ce-moon pass, on the
st by Tathong Channel, and on the south and west by the China Sea, here studded with
merous islands and islets. Victoria Harbour, Ly-ee-moon pass, and Tathong Channel, separate
e island from the mainland of China within the province of Kwong-tung, not the least riotous

The island of Hong Kong has a circumference of 27 miles, and an area of 80 square miles,
y little of which can be called cultivable land, owing to the abrupt and rocky hills
posing by far the greatest part of tho area. It was ceded to Great Britain, together with the
bour and islets, in January 1841, and the cession was confirmed by the Treaty of Nanking in
gust 1842, Hong Kong and its dependencies were erected into “ the Colony of Hong Kong,” by
ters Patent bearing date the 5th April, 1842.
In October 1860, ® part of the mainland jutting into Victoria, Harbour, znd known as the
wloon Peninsula, containing an area of 8 square miles, was also ceded to Great Britain as a
pendency of the Coiony of Hong Kong. The name Kowloon is derived from Kaulung, the
¢ dragons.
The administration of the Colony, until recently, was in the hands of the Governor, with an
ecutive Council of five Official Members, and a Legislative Council of four Official and four
oficial Members, presided over by the Governor, all the Unofficial Members having been
inated by the Crown on the Governor's recommendation. Since the advent of His
tellency Sir George Ferguson Bowen, the present Governor, and on his recommendation,
Councils have been remodelled, and the Executive now consists of six Official Members,
the Legislative Council of six Official and five Unofficial Members, three of the latter being
ninated by the Crown, and the other two being elected by local representative bodies, viz., one
the Chamber of Commerce, and one by the Justices of the Peace, not being Government
cers,
The island of Hong Kong consists for the greater part of abrupt and rocky hills, Indeed, the
h side of the island is sepurated from the south by a continuous range of high hills,
hinating in rocky peaks, mostly upwards of 1,000 feet above the sea-level, while Victoria Peak
he west side, and Mount Parker on the east side, are from 1,820 to 1,840 feet high. The
ige width of the island is only 3 miles, and the descent from the hills to the sea is
quently very abrupt and precipitous. The eastern division of the island is much wider,
B hills extending more to the north, and also a greater distance to the south, so that the
me width of the island, about 7 miles, is there obtained. The south-eastern part of the
hd is divided, however, by an inlet of the sea a mile and a half broad and running for 3
8 between the hills, ealled Taitam Bay. This bay forms the south-eastern side of the
hd into two peninsulas, known as the Taitam and D’ Aguilar peninsulas,
During heavy rains all the ravines are turned into torrents, but in the winter season, when
aratively little rain falls, most of them are dry. There is, however, a curious and even
table exception in some few of the ravines, which are channels for streamlets, farnishing
ually a good supply of water, and not failing in the driest season, when all others are

24

354 Hong Kong.

The island is composed prinvipally of granite, in various stages, and there is little or no a
properly so called. The surface of the island is mostly decomposed granite and hard rm.
although on the tops of some of the higher hills large beds of clay are found. Embedded in th
decomposed granite are huge round boulders, from 10 to 20 feet in diameter, of hard granit
having the quartz, mica, and felspar well proportioned, and of the best description for buildiy
purposes.

The Zoology of Hong Kong is limited as regards wild animals to a species of wild cat, b
this is not numerous, ‘The domestic animals in addition to dogs and cats are buffaloes, goats
pigs. Reptiles are numerous, and include pythons and snakes of various kinds (two of which on
the cobra and a green snake, popularly known as the bamboo snake, have been found to be poisonous
lizards, iguanas, bull and edible frogs, and newts. The insects are most numerous, comprisi
beetles of all kinds, mosquitoes, dragon-flies, locusts, ants, wasps, bees, butterflies, moths, spide
contipedes, scorpions, snails, worms, fire-flies, glow-worlus, kc. White ants are also very com:
and destructive. Oysters, cuttlefish, sea stars, jelly fish, and sea anemones are plentiful inl
waters of the Colony, Since the first Preservation of Bird’s Ordinance was passed in 1870, varie
kinds of birds now find their home undisturbed in the Colony. ‘The rapacious birds ine
sparrow, hawks, and kites, The ;perching birds are goat-suckers, king-fishers, fly-catche
wagtails, tom-tits, larks, house sparrows, Java sparrows, numerous magpies, of both large
small varieties. The climbing birds include several kinds of woodpeckers, and among t
gallinaceous birds are peacock and other pheasants, and numerous pigeons and doves, In
marshes and paddy fields adjoining some parts of the Oanton River, rice birds, quail, teal, hem
and snipe are found.

The Flora of Hong Kong comprises over 1,200 species, the importance of which to the bota
will be understood when it is considered that the late Mr. Bentham in his valuable work ‘F
Hongkongensis’ enumerated 1,056 species, which are distributed into 59 genera, and 125 natu
orders. Since that time discoveries new to botanical science have been, and are still being mai
indeed, since 1861 to the present time, over 180 species have been added to Mr. Bentham’s
Scattered over the island may be found many trees, shrubs and plants, not only interesting to th
ordinary observer, but valuable to the scientist, Hong Kong is the natural home of the beautif
Rhodoleia Championi, as well as of several other well-known piants, such as the camellia,
long-flowered lily, hibiscus; strychinos, thorn apple and gelsemium. Ferns and orchids
abound on the island and are most varied and beautiful.

Hong Kong is situated within the region of the monsoons, by which the climate of the G
is largely influenced. ‘he climate of Hong Kong, like the climate of the whole of South
China, is particularly damp in summer during the south-west monsoon, and particularly ¢
autumn and winter during the north-east monsoon. ‘The seasons are therefore divided i
wet and dry, the former commencing with May and ending with September, the latter last
from October to April.

At the commencement of the year the north-east monsoon is blowing steadily, sometit
vith great force, and continues without interruption until the beginning of March, whet
becomes reduced in force, then wavers, and gradually dies away. In years of great summer
in Australia and the southern hemisphere, the easterly trade wind of the Pacific Ocean ant
north-western boundary, the north-east monsoon, is drawn several degrees further south|
usual, and almost on to the Equator, thus giving a longer and cooler spring to Hong Kong:
the end of May the south-west monsoon is generally set in. It commences with a
breeze, but is never equal in weight or force to the north-east monsoon, Although. brit
tremendous downpours of rain, lasting a longer or shorter time, it is the fine weather-period
year 1o the navigator of the China Seas, with sometimes a terrible exception, for the period off
south-west monsoon is the season for those great, and often fearfully destructive revolving sm
known as typhoons, The south-west monsoon is generally ended with the month of @
when the north-east monsoon at once commences, and continues with varying energy; somel
coming down in the full burst of » hard gale, until the following spring.

The average annual rainfall is 85 inches, of which 70 inches fall from May to Septemvl

Vicrorta.—The flourishing town of Victoria, the ventre of the Colonial Government!
tho trade and commerce of the Colony, is beautifully situated on the north side of thei
along Victoria Bay, and fronting its magnificent harbour. It extends along the Bay.!

Hong Kong. 355
distance of 4 miles, and stands chiefly on the lower undulations and slopes of the hill-sides,
having steep ascents from the harbour, from which it presents a fine view to the apectator. The
harbour of Victoria is the capacious channel of the China Sea lying between the town and
the mainland of Ohina, having a length of 4 miles and @ breadth of from 2 to 8 miles, It
is of sufficient depth for the largest vessels, and could accommodate the fleets of the whole world,
It opens to the Northern Seas and Pacific Ocean through the deep channel of the Ly-ee-moon
pass, and to the Southern Seas direct, along the west shore of the island. ‘The town has length

thout much breadth, and assumes no particular form, for the streets and roads aro adapted to

le steep and varying slopes of the hill sides, and the narrow strip of land forming the lower
levels between the foot of the hills and the harbour, Running along the front of the town and
he greater part of the harbour is the Praya, a fine road 50 feet wide, with a granite retaining
all, on the harbour side, level with the road, Along the Praya, and fronting the harbour, stand
he houses of business and storehouses of merchants, shippers, and traders, Behind the Praya
id parallel to it is the Queen’s Road running the whole length of the town, Here are the
houses of the Banking and other Companies, professional gentlemen, and of the principal store-
eepers and traders, part of the eastern, and the whole of the western portion being entirely
houpied by Chinese shops of every description, the European houses occupying the central por-
ion only, The steep slopes of the hills start immediately from the Queen's Road on its south
ide, and here are the streets running in various directions, oceupied by the shops and stores of
raders and dealers of all sorts, but principally Chinese and Indian. The town is really divided
ito two parts, without any particular line of demarcation. The European houses are mostly on
he eastern side and higher levels of the town, and the Chinese principally on the western side,

The principal schools are the Government Central School, the building for which has for

ome time been inadequate for its wants, and a new school to replace it is now being built, to be
alled Victoria College; The Hong Kong Public School or St. Paul’s College, under the direction
the Bishop of the Colony, the Rt. Rey. Bishop Burdon, and a Committee, and St. Joseph’s
ollege, under the direction of the Bishop of Acantho, the Rt. Rev. Bishop Raimondi, and the
hristian Brothers, There are also schools supported by different missionary bodies, the principai
ting the Diocesan Home and Orphanage, the Basel Mission School, the German Foundling
ouse, and the Baxter Mission Vernacular Schools for girls. There are also French, Italian, and
panish Convents.
Hong Kong possesses a Chamber of Commerce and several Clubs. The principal Clubs aro
he Hong Kong (English) Olub, the Club Germania, the Lusitano Club, and the Jockey Club,
here are also Yacht, Cricket, and Recreation Clubs, an Amateur Dramatic Club, a Choral
ociety, and severai Masonic Lodges,

There are two first-class hotels, the Hon g Kong Hotel, and the Victoria Hotel, both centrally

tuated in the Queen’s Road, with views over the harbour and to the mainland on the ome side,
nd to Victoria Peak on the other. The Stag Hotel is an hotel of the second class, noted for its
bod fare and moderate charges, and is well situated in the Queen’s Road Central.
The Colony has excellent dock accommodation for the largest ships. The principal docks
¢ those of the Hong Kong and Whampoa Dock Co,, Limited, who have two extensive establish»
ents on the mainland known as the Kowloon and Cosmopolitan Docks, aud one at Aberdeen on
¢ south side of the island.

The supply of water to Victoria is derived principally from a large reservoir at Pokfulam on
Psottth side of the island beneath Victoria Peak, the water being brought to the town by a
Nered conduit running for upwards of 8 miles along the hill sides. This supply has
fortunately proved inadequate to the growing wants of the town, and a new supply is to be
vided from the Taitam hills, very extensive works for this purpose being now jn progress,
he water of the Colony is considered to be good, but it requires filtering before it is fit for
king. An abundant supply of water to the town and proper sanitary arrangments are
lutely needed. The sanitary arrangements of the Colony, at the present time, are revolting.

Hong Kong is in constant communication with Kurope, India, America, and Australia, by
pans of the Maii Steamers of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation,Co., the:Messagerieg
itimes, the Pacific Mail Co., the Occidental and Oriental Steam Ship Co., and several great lines
Merchant Steamers. These is also frequent steamship communication between Hong Kong and
Coust ports, and a daily service betweon Hong Kong and Canton, and Hong Kong and Macao,

242

356

pared by the different Guilds in Hong Kong,

Visitors to the Court will observe that it is practically cut in half, by
side, and the matting and crockery stand on the other.
from the Straits Settlements Court is the main entrance,
that ond, the right side being taken first down to the matting stand, and then continued
to the Chinese Pavilion, after which the right

down the rest of the Court are taken in the same way.

the top end of the left side down

t. Chinese Vermilion Factory in Hong
Kong |(scale ith), showing the complete pro-
cess of preparation from the raw material in
room A to the cases packed for export in room
J, constructed under the supervision of Messrs.
H. McCallum and H. R. Best, of the Colonial
Civil Service, and presented to the Commis-
sioners by the vermilion merchants.

2.? Samples of Coir Matting made by
Chinese prisoners in Hong Kong Gaol.

3. Map of the City of Victoria, showing
gradual growth of the town from its commence-
ment in 1843.

4. Model of the Hon Kong and Whampoa
Dock Company’s Docking Establishment, at
Kowloon, prepared by the Dock Company, under
the supervision of Mr. D, Gillies, Secretary to
the Company. Dimensions of principal dock :
Length on keel blocks, 500 ft. ; length over all,
540 ft.; breadth at entrance, 86 ft.; depth of
water over sill, 30 ft. The model in this dock
is H.M.S. ‘Agamemnon,’ on the same scale as
the dock. There are two other docking esta-
blishments in Hong Kong belonging to the same
Company. It is to be noted that Hong Kong is
the fourth largest shipping port in the world.

5 fodels of different classes of Chinese
Junks aud Fishing Boats, frequenting the
waters of Hong Kong, including a Oanton
Flower Boat.

6. Stand with samples of Floor Matting,
exhibited by the Tak Li firm of Hong Kong,
together with mat-making instrument.

7. The Woods of Hong Kong, prepared by
Mr. ©. Ford, Superintendent of the Palace
Gardens. The island, which is natural!
barren, is being assiduously cultivated with
trees.

STR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.
Watch,“Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to

THREE STRIKING CLOCKS FOR £10.
FOR HOTELS, OFFICES, or PRIVATE HOUSES. Delivered free at any Statin in
United Kingdom,

Hong Kong.
Tr has been found more convenient in the case of Hong Kong, which isa non-producing colon
to catalogue the exhibits in their order of arrangement in the Ceurt. They are, generally sy

ing, representative specimens of the particular industries carried on in the Island, and were J

by which each industry is controlled.

a

the Pavilion on ¢
‘The entrance by the carved-wood gi
and the description is commenced fro

and left sid

8. Specimens of Chinese Embroidery, lent hi
Lady Bowen. On'top of show-case two Vi

resented to Sir G. Bowen, Governor of Hon

cong, by the Mikado of Japan.

g. Ornamental Brass Ware, comprising qi
hcusehold utensils and tobacco pipes. Imporla
industry in Hong Kong.

10. Specimens of Coopers’ Work im
neath the shelf on which the Jun
placed).

11. Further specimens of Matting exhibit
by Tuk Li.

12. Specimens of Rope prepared by the Ho
Kong Rope Steam Manufactory, under
general management of Messrs. Russell &(
The rope is made from Manila hemp, ® sai
of which is shown; also coil of native x
made of rattan.

13. Implements of industry used by |
Chinese, of superior make to those in ordin
use, but similar in kind.

14. Engine No. 126. Made by the i
Kong and Whampoa Dock Oo., Limited.

15. Iniplements of Industry.

16. Specimen of Stone Carving, carved im
of a solid block of granite, and presentel
the Stone Guild of Hong Kong.

“ Exact model of a Chinese Druggiat’s§
in Hong Kong, presented by Dr. Ho ¥
medical practitioner and barrister-at-lav
Hong Kong, and made by Mr. A. Chee.
the back of the shop is the dwelling-l
This model ia faithful to real life in the 1
minute details.

18. In connection with the same model if
large collection of Chinese medicines, also
sented by Dr. Ho Kai, the names and use
which are given on the bottles.

Her Majed

In handsome Marble Cases:

9. Model of the Colony of Hong Kong, pre-
d by Mr. A. Denison, civil engineer and
thitect in Hong Kong. Horizontal scale,
60 feet to one inch, vertical scale 500 feet to
n@ inch, circumference of Island 27 miles,
arrow pass to the east is the entrance to the
bour from the porth-east, The channel on
he other side of the Island, formed by Hong
0 bs and a very small island off it, forms the
mthern entrance to Hong Kong. Civil
vernment buildings are coloured black, mili-
ry and naval property red, the other buildings
hite, ‘he red circles with black centre are
orts,

}

20, Photographs of different Local Scenes in
he Colony.

a1. Specimens of Silver-ware, manufactured
y Mr. Wong Hing, of Hong Kong.

22. Samples of Ore from the neighbouring
rovince of Kwantung.

Sugar Manufacture, by the China Sugar
fining Co., Limited (Geaeral managers,
ests. Jardine, Matthews, & Co.). Large and
pportant manufactory.

24, Samples of Rum distilled in connection
ith the same company.

25, Raw Materials, from which soy and other
cas are made. Collected by Mr. H.
Callum, of the Hong Kong Civil Service.

26. Sauces made from one or other of the
regoing raw materials. Very important
ustry in Hong Kong.
27. Specimens of Biscuits, Cakes, &c., pre-
od y the Hong Kong Steam Bakery,
essrs, Dard, Doraljee, Nonnojee; and by the
anchi Steam Bakery, Messrs. Lane, Crawford,
Co, The products are exported in large quan-
ies to the coast ports.

828. Specimens of Preserved Fruit and Ginger,
portant industry.

Collection of Butterflies and Moths, exhi-
ed by M. Victor Deacon of Hong Kong, and
ight in Hong Kong.

29, Needlework by the Chinese children in
® French Convent. (Inside the Pavilion.)

Hong Kong.

Nore.—In connection with the Hong Kong Court is a shop or bazaar,
yal Albert Hall, for the sale of Hong Kong articles, preside

857

30. Needlework by the Chinese children in
the Italian Convent.

31. Representative collection of Coarse
Crockery made in the pottery districts, a day's
journey from Hong Kong.

32. Implements used in Crushing and Ex-
tracting Kssential Oils,

33. Jinricksha, street conveyance in Hong
Kong.

34. Model of Scaffolding, showing mode of
using bambnros for scaffolding purposes.
Height of chimney, 120 feet. Prepared under
supervision of Mr, ©. Palmer, of the firm of
Messrs. Neil & Palmer.

35. Rpecimans of work in Matting, presented
by the bamboo Guild, as representing the kind
of work they are called upon to do. Exact
model of show erected in Hong Kong on
festive occasions.

36. Model of Chinese Pagoda and Monastery,
executed and presented by the Carpenters’
Guild in Hong Kong.

37. Specimens of Iron Pans from the Hong
Kong Foundry.

38. Rattan-ware, manufactured and exhibited
by the Tai Loong Firm.

39. Representative specimens
Utensils made in Hong Kong.

' 40. Miscellaneous collection of Bamboo
Articles, illustrating various uses to which the
bamboo is put, presented by the Wo Hop Firm,

41. Agricultural Implements (Chinese), (a)
Plough. (b) Rake. (c) Hoe. (d) Rice Winnow-
ing Machine. (e) Rice Threshing Machine
(J) Rice Pounding Machine,

42. Blackwood Furniture, exhibited by
Messrs. R. H. Loxley & Uo.; Centre Table,
carved in Hong Kong, the property of Mr, F. D.
Sassoom.

43. Chinese pigments and brushes.

CP and Canvas Bags, exhibited ‘by
W. Dolan, sail-maker in Hong Kong.

45- Camphor-wood Boxes, Leather Trunks,
&c. Important industries,

of Brass

in the balcony of the
over by Chinese.

ann aecesiemmnesceinashieatannatasnduataemnca mncumemaceteaierumsnommesremadaainicaiisan nem aatecuaaiaaeiaaias eee ee ——

BRITISH NORTH BORNEO.

By Sim Rutrnerrorp Atcock, K.0.B.

Tum youngest, though by no means the smallest or most insignifloant of the largo progeny of
British Colonies distributed all over the globe, and more or less closely connected with the parent
State,—North Borneo is one of the latest additions to the number. It was founded by the
“British North Borneo Company,” under a Royal Charter bearing date the lat November, 188,
not quite five years ago, ‘Tho cession of territory by tho Sultans of Brunei and Bula i
Mr. Dent and others took place earlier, in December 1877 and January 1878.

The territory deflned in the original grants and recognized in the charter comprises th
whole of the northern portion of Borneo, from the Kimanis river on the west, to the Sibum
river on the east coast, and, including a late ceasion of Padas district, stretches over an estimate)
area of $1,000 square miles, with a coastline of 600 miles, and several of the fineat harbours iy
the Eastern Seas. Kudat, in Maradu Bay, the most northern point, it has been anid, is
situated that it would inevitably come, in time, to intercept all the trado from Palawan Balabag
Sulu and Cagayan-Sulu, that now passes weatward through the Mallawalli passage, if not much
of the trade of the Southern Phillippines also.

Among tho great harbours which give importance to North Borneo, in view of the vast tra
in the China Sens and future eventualitics in time of war, aro Gaya and Ambong on the weit
coast, Kudat, abov described, to the north and the nearest to the great fairway of our trade
between India and China, Japan and Australia, The last is in close proximity to the Palawa)
passage, and lies nearly midway between Hong Kong, the Straits, and Australia, being with
flve days of each by steam, Sandaken Ray, on tho east coast, where the Government head
quarters are placed, has been described by Mr. Hunt in a report to Sir Stamford Raffles in 18!
as “the finest in the world.”

The recent aspirations of the chief Continental powers—notably France and Germany:
Colonial expansion, and the numerous annexations made in furtherance of this object in Aftiog
in the Pacific, and the Eastorn seas, are facta which give increased importance to the acquisition
of North Borneo by a British Company, secured, as it is, by a Royal Charter and the British thy
from all aggression or encroachment on the part of any alien or foreign power. From its centri
position, moreover, it possesses advantages both commercial and strategical, which no oth
island in the Bastern Archipelago can offer, and, under existing circumstances, ite value ine?
intérnational no lees than a national point of view cannot well be over-estimated.

Its past history bears this out, for its ports once possessed a flourishing trade with China and
the adjoining archipelago, and a large and industrious population, until the advent of Kuropoan
Portuguese, Dutch, and Spaniards in these regions, after the discoveries of Bernardo Dias
the voyage of Vasco di Gama round the Cape, opened the way to India and China by sea, nov
four centuries ago. The cupidity and ruthiess policy of all the first settlers in the Kasten
Archipelago, among islands so rich and populated, destroyed all security for life or prope
to the natives, With this loss of security their commercial and agricultural prosper!
rapidly dieappeared, and Borneo was reduced, in common with many other most productive anf
flourishing islands, toa wilderness, and the inhabitants converted into pirates and head-hunte
driven from the more peaceable and productive pursuits of agriculture and commerce,

Much of the fine territory of Borneo, rich in all natvwal products, with ranges of mountalt
to vary the tropic climate, and numerous rivers to afford cheap and easy means of transport fr
the interior, has thus remained for two centuries in a state of abandonment and jungle, and will
a very scanty population; the land came into the possession of the original grantees in 1877, a
was transferred to the present Company only in 1842, What progress has beea made in th
short ‘period, in efforts to introduce civil government in harmony with British laws, and
develop all the latent resources of the country, can only be imperfectly estimated by the produ
now shown in this Exhibition.

CARON fhe he dug 359

Time was wanting to enable the resident offeials to make a complete or exhaustive exhibit,
m of the natural products spread over so largo an area, much of which has not yet been fully
plored or settled. Nevertheless, great exertions have been made to bring together, on a very
ort notice, as many of these products as may chiefly bo counted upon in the near future, to
mish the staples of a considerable trade, and offer sufficiont inducements to merchants and
iters to contribute in promoting #0 good a work, Already a German firm has been actively
pgaged in the cultivation of tobacco, and another company furmed in Chiua has buen similarly
oupied ; while the returns of trade in tho brief period of five years suffice to show both a
nid and considerable progress.

If these may be looked upon as amall beginnings, compared with the extent and value
British trade in the Chinea Soas alone, it will be remembered how small and unpromising,
wel! as insignificant, wero the two settlements of Hong Kong and Singapore in the first

though now forming the great central depots of a trade which takes the whole world

its clroult, Not fifty years ago, Hong Kong-~as the writer remembers it--was @ barron island,
bare rock, with only a few fishermen for its inhabitants, At the present day there is @ large
y with a population of a hundred thousand Chinese domiciled in the island, while ships crowd
capacious harbours under every flag which flies in the two hemispheres, A similar history
matked the development of Singapore and the Straits Settlements. These have only risen to

pir presont atate of wealth and prosperity within the lost century, and Singapore still more
pently, In 1880 the value of the united exports and importa of Singapore amounted to
5,740,174, due mainly to three great factors—geographical situation, an equitable Government,
d 4 plentiful supply of cheap iabour in the Chinese colonists, With similar if not equal advan-
yes, there is reasonable ground to hope that a like future may be in store for the Company’s
ritory. Nor does such a result concern the Colony and the Company alone. Shut out, as
glish goods are, from all the continental States by protective duties, Europe is daily becoming
leas valuo to us as an outlet for our manufactures, Not only are our goods excluded by
tile tariffs, but wo aro further dobarred from tho sale of our goods in European markets by
b growing progress of the industries of those countries furthor protected by the longer hours

Jabour and the lower wages prevailing there. Hence, in view of the present economia
pdition, and the future prospects of our country, the chief hope of an improved state of trade

in the opening and development of new markets in less civilized countries and semi
Bbarous regions, The markets of the East are still open where Russian tariffs do not exist,

no prohibitive or hostile duties are likely to be permitted under native rule. We should

be slow therefore te profit by this condition, seeing that England can only prosper, oy
ptinno to live industrially, by a vigorous policy steadily persevered in for the extension and
ptection of the markets yet open in the Fast to her industries, or only awaiting development
i English enterprise to make them thriving mayts to the mutual advantage of native and
tish races.

It is in furtherance of such a policy and the advancement of these national ohjects of highest
portance that the infant Colony is now, for the first time, brought in line with the other
onies of Great Britain, by the appearance in this Exhibition of the products of India and the
onies; and however modest the contribution, it is hoped the chief exhibits will be found to
® promise at no distant date of considerable mercantile value, and draw public attention
Por prospective importance,

Propveta,

Tho chief products aro at present limited to the ordinary jungle produce of the Fastern
hipelago, and form the principal trade of the territory—which is capable of considerable
lopment as the country is opened up—they consist of Gutta-percha, India-rubber, Rattans,
mphor, Birds’ Nests, Beeswax, and a great variety of valuable timber, Among the enltivated
duets are—~Tobaceo, Sago, Pepper and Gambier; on the sea coast Pearls in oyster beds:
pang” or Béche de Mer, so largely consumed in Chinn, Specimens of all these will he
nd in the collection. Gold, 100, and some traces of tin have been found in several of
Hivers,

The country is not thickly populated, and is fortunate in the absence of any one powerful
» Of fighting proclivities, such as some of those which inhabit other districts of the island,

$60 . British North Borneo.

The scil and climate are pronounced by planters from Ceylon, Sumatra, and Australia, to |
well-suited for the cultivation of sugar, and other tropical products, but more especially for th
of tobacco and pepper, which have long been cultivated by the natives, and two Europe
tobacco-plantations as already stated, are now being carried on. Nearly 200,000 acres of
have been selected, nurseries have been planted with sugar and tobacco, but, owing to
depression of trade, the area under cultivation is very limited. By the Company’s Regulationg
land can be purchased at one dollar an acre, and under special agreement and condition
concessions have been made at 30 cents,

The much esteemed bilian, or iron wood of Borneo, is found in large quantities, and seve
other kinds of valuable timber abound, A sawmill is in full work at Sandakan,

GOVERNMENT,

The Government is administered by a Governor, assisted by a Council, and hy a Coloni
Secretary and Residents; and the mode of Government of a British Crown Colony is adhered
as far as practicable,

FIN AaNceE AND REVENUE,

The sources from which the revenue is drawn consist chiefly of the licences for purchasin
and retailing opium for smoking, for the sale of spirits, and other exciseable articles, all of whit
aro farmed out to private individuals; 10 per cent. royalty on jungle produce exported ; a poll tay
an old-established source of revenue among the natives, in lieu of land taxes, and s stamp dut
The land revenue comprises the proceeds of sales of public lands, quit rents, and fees on tra
fors. There are, in addition, Judicial fees and Post Office Stamps; these, and a few miscellane
items, make up the remaining sources of revenue.

CLOMATE AND SANITARY CONDITION.

The Principal Medical Officer, Dr, Walker, reports: “ The rainfall is well distributed, m
although there are distinct wet and dry seasons, there is not, as in many tropical places, com
tinuous rain night and day for weeks, followed by weeks or months of absolute dry weathe
The greater part of the rain falls during the night, and although showers during the day
not unusual, especially in the wet season, a day of continuous rain is rare. The temperaia
also varies very elighily throughout the year. It will be observed that the range of i
monthly average minimum temperature is only from 71°6 to 75°2 degrees, while the ext
range of the daily minimum temperature is only 67°5 to 77°5 degrees. It will thus be s
that the nights are always cool. The coldest time in the twenty-four hours generally from
to five a.m. The range of variation of monthly mean maximum temperature is from 82°)
91°5 degrees, while the highest temperature ever recorded in the shade was 93°5 degrees.

“A noticeable point is the absence of the so-called ‘cold’ season, which is recognised
the most unhealthy period in India, The coldest months are November, December, Janu
February, and March, while in the middle of the hot season there is a fall of temperature duri
June and July. The temperature of any month depends very much on the amount of rain
It may be stated generally that the heat is not oppressive, and I have been assured by sevet
persons that temperature of 90 degrees here is less oppressive than one 10 degrees lower
China or Ceylon. Hence it is never impossible, and rarely unpleasant, to walk about dur
the heat of the day, while several of our European residents wear no better protection for the
head than a simple straw hat. ‘

“Winds.—The monsoons are the south-west, lasting from April to November, and the novi
east, from December to March. The first and last months of each monsoon is variable.
change of the monsoon is the most unhealthy period. A well-selected site is never practicd
without at least a gentle breeze, though from eleven a.m. till two P.m. it may be slight, he
punkahs are not required. Squells occur occasionally in the evening or at night, but not d
severe character. Hurricanes are not found so near the Equator. :

« General Cunclusions.—I am inclined tc take a very hopeful view of the future salubrity
the territory. The parts that are at present unhealthy will certainly improve as the cout
gets opened up, and toan extent that will far outbalance the change in the temperature &
consequent change in the type of disease that will certainly follow the felling of the jug

British North Borneo. 861

fhe enomy I am most afraid of in this country is bisi bis Altogether iooking at the suitability
f the climate, the healthiness cf this a8 & new country, and the mild type of ihe discases that
i, and moat of all, at tho present healthinoss of well-selpcted stations, I think there is every

on to hope that North Borneo will eventually prove to be one of the healthiest of all tropical
Nin tes,””

Monetary,

There is no Bank at present in the territory, but a copper and paper currency under the
guarantee of the Company, with proper reserves, and the banking facilities afforded by the
fovernment Treasury provide in some degree for the requirements of the country, as the notes of

s Company are payable by their agents in Hong Kong and Singapore,

Much more might be added on the climatic, sanitary, and other pbysical conditions of the
srritory a8 an exceptionally favoured tropic region, out of the line of earthquakes and )
hich work such havoc and devastation in the Phi ppines in the north, and the Dutch pos-
essions further south. But enough has probably been said, it is believed, to establish in the
minds of those who read, the conviction that the progress already made in five years will
jompare favourably with that of any Colony under the direct control of Her Majexty’s
fovernment,

ee

TIMBER EXHIBITS.

The forest trees of British North Borneo are
very numerous, and amount to about seventy-
eight known kinds. Some of these are valuabie
for world-wide uses, and exist in such quantities
as renders the use of them available in those
countries where wood is scarce, particularly
China and Australia, which are only distant
some 1,100 miles from British North Borneo;
countries which afford markets for enormous

uantities of timber now chiefly obtained from

orth America.

A good idea may be obtained of the facilities
afforded to the Timber Trado by referring to
the Map of British North Borneo, which in
addition to a sea-board of over 700 geographical

niiles,, exhibits many creeks, harbours, and

Tr rivers.

he area of British North Borneo is 31,000
square miles, the greater portion of which is
covered with dense forest, containing trees up
to ten feet in diameter, and of great height—
many of them being over 100 feet to the first
branch.

Some of the woods of British North Borneo
are particularly handsome, and have received
from the trade the name of Borneo Mahogany,
and Borneo Walnut, while others have been
named Borneo Cedar and Borneo Ironwood, form
qualities which are recognised as being similar
to those well-known wocds, and these it is
hoped will find a paying market in any part of
the world.

A glance at the Map of the World will show
that British North Borneo occupies such a
position in the Malay Archipelago as enables
its timber merchants to deal profitably with
the Straits Settlements, China, and Australia,

The woods selected for this Exhibition are
the following, obtainable in quantity, and for
which orders can be a aiitel, and notes will
enable the trade to understand for what special
uses the different woods are suitable. As regards
the prices at which the same can be supplied,
information can be obtained at the Office of
The British North Borneo Company, 4 and 6,
Throgmorton Avenue, London.

Description of Samples.

Sixteen specimens of wood ‘have been selected
for exhibition, most of which are in continual
demand in the Straits Settlements, China and
Australia for house building, furniture and
engineering purposes, and some of which are
suitable for the Kuropean markets.

No.1. Native name Billian (Malay), or Borneo
Ironwood. Specific gravity, ‘92. Plentiful.
When newly cut this Yorn is of a dark sand
colour, which becomes dark red when seasoned ;
very hard and durable, and for all purposes
where durability and strength are required, few
timbers will surpass Billian. A good shingle
wood, ant-proof. From 1 to 3 feet diameter and

worm,

No. 2. Native name Mirabou (Malay). Speci.
fic gravity, ‘87, Botanical name, Afzelia palem.
banica. Plentiful. A heavy, dark yellow
coloured wood, becomes darker with age;
regular grain, very tough and durable; val
as & furniture wood; kes a fine polish ;—nnt
proof, Resembles Spanish Mahogany.

No. 3 Native name Kumpas or Impy
(Malay). Specific gravity, 88. Plentiful. 4
heavy, hard, reddish, coarse-grained wood, not!
unlike Mirabou, but distinguished from teh
its coatseness and a curious cross-grain ; wail
for beams, joists, &. ; large.

No. 4. Native name Rassak (Malay). Bo
tanical name, Vatica species. Rassak Banaar,
Large, plentiful, dark sand colour, which darkens
with age; heavy, hard, rough-grained, durable,
stands exposure; a valuable wood for genenl
purposes, posts and beems for houses,
piles and planks; withstands insects well:
Rassak Diaim. Similar to Rassak Banas,
but closer grained; same description applic;
not so plentiful; large. Rassak Bungal,’
Dark straw colour with brownish stain ; durable,
withstands insects, valued for panelling work,
planks, also good for house building and genenl
purroses; large, not very plentiful, easily
vorked.

No. 5. Native name Panagah (Malay), or
Borneo Mahogany. Fairly plentiful. Crooked,
dark bay colour, capable of taking a fine polish,
handsome figure, suitable for ornamental pur
poses and veneer. Grows by the sea-side.

No. 6. Native name Palawan (Malay),
Pleniiful, not large, flesh-coloured, fine grained,
hard and durable, splits easily, good for post
for houscs, beams piles, shingles, easily worked.

No. 7. Native name Kayu Kapor (Malay)
Specific gravity, ‘77. Botanical name, Dryx
balanops Camphora. Bastard camphor, san
cvioured, tough, very durable; much used for
louse building, planks, &c., large, plentiful,
easily worked. It grows tu a great height and
girth.

No. 8. Native name Greeting (Malay). Out
side sand colour, inside blackish stained, |
grain, very durable in and out of water, with-
stands insects well, used for wharves, be
general purposes, grows on the inner edge
swamps hy the seaside—size up to 2}
diameter, long, plentiful, Resembles Americal
Black Birch in grain, colour and quality.

No. 9. Native name Gagil (Malay). Whi
tough, long-grained, durable, much used fi
ships’ planks, junk mastsand general pur
large and ‘plentiful, easily worked, an
proof,

=

British North Borneo,

No. 10, Native name Krewing Pawn hp There
9 three kinds of Krewing. Specific gravity.
jiful, all oil-giving trees, wood stands well
water, but does not withstand white ants,
ful for furniture, &ec., easily worked, takes a
9 polish.
No, 11, Native name Niatu (Malay), or Borneo
alnut. Plentiful, durable, takes fine polish,
pry similar to No. 10,

No, 12. Native namo Urat Mata (Mulay).
ellow, wavy figure; tough and strong; up to
leet diameter,

No. 18. Native names Solangan, Seriah or
jow (Malay), or Borneo Cedar. Specific
vity, ‘64. The Seriah is a tall handsome
pe, probably belonging to the order Diptero-
paces, an order of great forest importance as
maining such good timbers as the “Sai” of
dia, and most of the belsam-producing trees
Borneo and the Malayan Archipelago.—
iah has not yet been botanically named. It
merly was found in abundance in the Malay
chipelago, and is still obtainable in large
antities in British North Borneo. The wood
embles cedar in grain, and is found in threa
ours, the red being the most prized. It is
ich used in joinery, house building, and for
niture, and takes a fine polish. It has con-
lerable transverse strength, and is exported
large quantities to Australia, India and
mina,—woight per cubic foot, 40 lbs, Samples
the Scriah Batu or hard rod cedar, Majow,
soft red cedar, yellow and white Seriah have
gen sent for exhibition, (4 samples.)

No, 14, Ballow. Similar in grain and colour
Billian, but not so hard; strong, durable,
neipally used for beams, piles and planks,
| Wharves and for scantlings for house
ilding; much used in the East.

ungle Produce.—Mangrove Bark, Damar
bah, Damar Mata Kuching, Gutta Susu
hdia-rubber), Tepi, Sulang Puteh, Gutta
sh (Gutta-percha), Tortoise-shell, Beche de
Armadillo Sealos, Beduri, Tegukan, San-
kan No, 1, Bagum, Batupil, Durubian, Sam-
k, Hitan, Sandakan Puteh, Beeswax Nos, 1,
and 3, Clams (Kima); Rattans — Sugar,
ngsang, Palawan Nos. 1, 2, and 3, Segama,
bd for collecting birdsnests, Camphor Nos. 1,
and 3, Piece of Camphor Wood ripe),
mphor Oil, Suan Lambex Tobacco (bale),
id Alluvial, Black Sand or Mundie, found in
#)unction with the gold from Segama.

868

Jungle and Sea Produce—Batu Tepi, Tepi,
Shark’s Maws, Bleck Birdsneat Nos, 1, 2, an
3, Land Shells, W.v'te Birdsnests, Black Shark’s
Fins, White Shark’s Pins,

Native Manufactures. — Two Sulu Silk
Handkerchiefs, one Sulu Silk Trousers, two
Silver Tobacco Boxes, one Silver Butelnut
Pincers, two Silver eg Rings, one ‘brass
Sitih Box, one Brass Sirilh Box (antique),
Brass Finger Rings, Dusun Sirih Box, Brass
Tobacco Box, Rattan Splitting Knife, Korun
or Cocoanut Scraper, Malay Pisan Kris or
Knife, Malay Parang or Chopper, Malay
Chandong, Brass Provision Jar, Billiong’ or
Adze, four Native Mats, Sulu Cloth, Sulu Silk-
worked Cloth, Sulu Sarong, two Sulu Pipes,
two Malay Bed Curtains, one Malay Pillow-
case, Dish Cover, Brunei Brassware, Sulu Head
Cloths, Suiu Female Head Cloths, Sulu Dress
Trousers, Sulu Chief’s Coat, Sulu Cloth, Sulu
W man’s Shawl, Dusun Rattan Bag, Manila
Hi mp, Sulu Woman's Slippers, Malay Female
‘Uhildren’s Ornaments,

EXHIBITS FROM THE WEST COAST
DISTRICT,
Province ALCcocK.
Native names within brackets.

Rangu Round Log, Rangu Square
(Rangu); Gagil Round Log, Gagil 8 oe
Log (Gagil); Native Mat, large, Native ta,
small (Tekar or Lampit); one piece of Dusun
Cloth of native manufacture; one Bornean
Flute made by Aborigines (Kersuling) ; one
Bornean Flute played by the nose; two Bor-
nean Brunei Malay Flutes; one Bornean Jews-
harp; one Hokien Chinese Flute,

Province KEpren,

Dusun Winnowing Machine CTiapat)
Dusun Rice Decorticator (Gayangan); Dusun

Plough (Radu); Dusun Harrow (St-nd);
Dusun Harrow (Ragus); Dusun Reap-
ing Knife (Lengaman); Dusun Rico

Holers (Tetanam); Dusun Distaff (‘Tansad);
Tagi-as Distaff (Tabohon); Dusun and
Taga-aa cloth, made from the fibre of the
Lambar leaf (Bui); Dusun Hat (Siong);
Dusun Guitar (Sindatong); Dusun Reed and
Gourd Instrument (Sampotong); Dusun
Bamboo Lyre (Tankugan); ch Female
Waist Ornament (Imbot) ; pecimens of
Lambar Leaf from which the fibre is obtained;

CLARKE’S New Patent

AIRY” LAMPS AND “FAIRY”
BAAN TUGG BALE AECGMG, coNBERVaTORI,
nd fit Opal Beads, ‘The Patent “Fairy” Lights have

Ornamental! tin
RvaNine a
These .z2mps are male entirely of Glass, &

Hed by the strongest draught, They burn 10 hours.

MUEL CLARKE, Patent Pyramid

ted with
mle Wicks, giving a beautiful soft, steady light. The last

LIGHTS.
I
nur’e burning is as brilliant as the first, and are not

Light Works,

and tak eh and '
OHILL’3 HILL, LONDON; and NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A. _

864 British North Borneo.

(Lambor); Specimens of ‘Taga-as

ple wed akg fhe
: ‘om.

Gaya (Napu); Specimens of Native Tobacco

——

Province DENT.

Gold Embroidery by Brunei Malay wor
for covering dishes ant oe Betaro
Gold Embroidery by Brunei y women fi
water-bottles (Terindah); Specimens of
Coal from Buket, Noloyan, Batu Batu,
at a depth of six feet (Baiu arang); Specime
of Sago Flour manufactured at Menumtok
Specimens of Sago Flour manufactured

empakul; One Small Bottle of Seed Pear
found in the shells (Placuna Placenta)
miles from Batu Batu; Specimens of Gut
fron Batu Batu, &c. (Gutta Hilang, Gut,
Menown); Specimens of Indiarubber fr
Pados River (Gutta Lichak); Specimens
Bees Wax; Specimens of Vegetable Talk
(Menyiak-Tankawany); Specimens of Veg
table Green (Menyiak Kerapot); Specimens
Rattans (Sahgar, Berrarat); Ono Brn
Cubberbund or Sash; ‘Two Brunei Sarongs,

carrying on back, four Native Baskets for
carrying on back, two bundles Rattan Pladas,
three bundles Aboriginal rope (Rotan Pladag);
Lakarwood; one Rice-pounding Machine and
Pounder (Leesong & Alu),

EXHIBITS FROM PAPAR.

PROVINCE KEPPEL.

Petticoat worn by the Dusun women, made
out of the fibre of the Lambar (Gunob) ; Jacket
yuade out of thc bark of the Timbaran tree
worn by the Dusun Dyaks of the Upper
Kemanis by both men and women, this is made
by heating the bark (Tukow); Same as No. 2,
but made of the bark of the Ipsoh tree,
(Tukow); Jacket worn by the Dusun Dyaks of
the Upper Kemanis by both men and women,
made by the Kijaws of the Upper Kemanis by
cotton grown by themselves (Guhon); Petti-
coat worn by the Dusun Dyak women of the
Upper Kemanis (Tapi); Chawat worn by the
Dusun Dyak men of the Upper Kemanis
all Rope made out of the bark of the
ee (ree, used for anchor ro &e. (Tali
Tjok); Case used by the Dusun Dyaks for their
Tobucco and Flint (Bumbong): Quiver used
by the Dusun Dyaks for holding their poisoned
darts (Tumbilahan); Belt worn by the Dusun
Dyak women round their hips, made from the
bark uf the Tjok tree (Ranjowog); Article of
he Ginne bs y” sehen: yomen road the

inagali or Sing Sing); racelet
(Neugal); Hat usm’. oy the Bisane and others
Siraong); Bear's Skin Hat used by the Duran
ake of the Upper Xemanis (Kogas); Knife
worn by the Tegas and Kijcws of the Upper
Papar, suspended hy a string round the neck
(Pisi); Bark obtained from «ae Eussack tree,
and is used by the Dusuns for mixing with their
toddy, which makes it intoxicxting (Chengal) ;
Basket made by the Kijows of the Upper Ke-
manis, used by them and other natives of the
coast for carrying things (Sabbat); War
Jacket, used by the Bajows and other natives of
the coast (Bungkat); War Hat, used by the
Bajows and other natives of the coast (Batub) ;
Bajow Shield (Taining); Article of Dress worn
by the Dusun women round the hips with Sing
fing (Labit); Ornament worn by the Dusun
and Tegas women round the ankle (Tibang);
Head-dresa worn by the Dusan pri when
performing any ceremony (Yanti); Shields
used vy the Dusun and Brunei, also used es a
hat (Paresi); Native Axe or Adz¢ (Biliong).

Governor TREACHER’S COLLECTION,

Tilanum Mail Coats, Illanum Helmet, Bru
Kris, Illanum Kampilan, Branei Kris, D
eet g Eleng, Dusun Knapsacks, Ilan

hield.

Mr. Macpran’s CoLtection or Anns
AND Curios.

Kris, Sulu Barong, Sulu Pidah, lam
Sword, Parang Elang, Illanum Sword, Bru
Parang, Dyak Sword, Kris (lined by Arne
Two Badeh Badeh, Small Kris, Two Sv
Pipes, Parang Elang, Knife, Brunie Lati™
Sword, Suit of Mail, Malay Hat, Two Ba;
Hats, Two Sulu Hats, Sulu Bridle, Poiso
Arrow Quiver, Dyak Woman’s Dress, Bu
Bag, Sulu Shield, T'wo Spears, Two Sumpit

Dr. WALKER’s COLLECTION OF CURIOS,

Horn Bill, Sambhur Deer Horn, Wild Cutt
Horm, Two Guloks; Two Kris, Parang;
Kris, Java (Bugis made); Bagan Ba-jow («
fined to chiefs), Malay Sword (Padang), Dy
Elang, Malay Sword, Latok, Wooden Ds
Scoup, Gold Box, Iron Hook, Iron Crowbar,

Mr. Coor’s CoLtection or Cuni0s.

Rhinoceros Horn, Sulu Double-edged Ban
Complete Set of Elephant’s Teeth, Armadi
Skin, Sulu Shields. »

Mr. Lempriere’s COLLECTION.

One Gong, One Coat of Mail, One Monk
One Wild Cat, Six Weapons, One Pipe, !
Bark Sheet, One Shield, Five Squirrels, !
mals, Birds, Gold from the Segama Bi
Currency of British North Borneo (pom
stamps and notes), Plan of Sandakan, “ Bai
North Borneo Herald.” —

British North Borneo. 885
Mn. Payen’s Cot.zorr0N, noveros Skull, Feet, and Tail (Sandakan

Orangutan’s Skull, Horns, Two
Ianum Barong. Elopina Sarong (not - | Musical Instruments (lent by Mr. Fryer Sam-
Buit of Pulu Ohief’s Clothes (three articles les of Manila Hem et ie Li n Bugar,
~ Elopina manufacture), Pandanus epper, Cotton Flock (Kopok), Cotton, Indian
(Darv y), Two Cake Dish Covers, The | Corn, Shells (including shells of the =o
Pirate Flag, April, 1885 (Darvel Boy), ster or tepi, from the Ada Bank, Port
el of Pirate Depong (Darvel Bay), Rhi- Hiphinstone), Large Grasshopper.

”

866 Advertisements.
BERNARD-EHRMANN-ICERY
PATENT

SUGAR PROCESSES

LATENT

wooo) FL FAL RMLAN NITE
|AHRMANNITE

*6 A quality, for uso in Sugar Factories to which carriage and expenses are hea

**B” quality, for European consumption, and in situations where freight is |

EK. PACKARD & C0

Are Sole Agents for the Proprietors of the above Patents for
France and Spain and their Colonies, Brazil, West India, Colonies,
and are the Patentees and SOLE MAKERS of Ebrmannite.

Packard's Patent Superphospha
AND: SOLID PHOSPHORIC ACID.

PURE PHOSPHATE OF SODA, PHOSPHATE OF AMMONIA, PHOSPHORIC ACI
PACK ARD’S PATENTS.

Pe EN
—Ss

Sole Makers: E. PACKARD & CO., IPSWI

BRITISH GUIANA.
By G. H. Hawraynz, F.R.G.S.

ve Colony of British Guiana lies between Venezuela, Brazil, Dutch Guiana and the Atlantic
cean on the north-east Coast of South America, and first settled by the Dutch in*1580, has sinoe
803 belonged to England. Its area is computed at 76,000 square miles, but the boundaries
tween it and Venozucla and Brazil are undetermined. For some miles from the sea, which ie
an unattractive dirty yellow hue, the land is low and flat, being a rich alluvial deposit, in
hich coffee and cotton once grew; and in later days the sngar-cane flourishes luxuriantly, Its

rs are broad, and have their sources hundreds of miles away in the interior. Large vessels
end these streams for long distances, but beyond the rivers are crorsed by rock formations, over
hich they plunge and fall; and it is only the Indian’s light dug-out or corrial that can pass these
batructions.

The climate is warm but not oppressive. The thermometer, it ia true, ranges from 75° to 90°,
it a refreshing sea-breeze tempers the heat. The Colony is not so unhealthy as is generally
pposed, and with care and ordinary precaution good health can be enjoyed.

The population is mixed. It numbers 264,000, more or less, and comprises Huropeans,
boriginal Indians, West Indians, Portuguese, Africans, Chinese, and lastly Hast Indians,
ho were reckoned at upward of 92,000 in 1885,

The Flora is rich, but as yet only partially explored. Its chief features are its lofty trees

Mdpalms, and the abundance of flowering creepers, &c., which cling to tho tallest branches.
he forests abound in timber trees of great value and variety,
The Fauna is interesting and deserves research. The Labba—of which it is said that he who
ts its flesh and drinks Creek water will always return to Guiana—the agouti and waterhans
¢ the most prominent animals of the Colony, but monkeys and ant bears, and so-called
igers,” jaguars and pumas, deer, opossums and manatees are also not uncommon. The
ds are abundant and of rare beauty. Many fish of many kinds inhabit the sea and rivers.
igators, snakes and turtle are common objects; and life is prevonted from becoming too
joyable by the bats and ants, mosquitoes and beetles.

Sugar is the chief product, and on the success of this denends the prosperity if not the existence
the Colony. Of other cultivation there is at the present day comparatively little. Cotton has
ed out, because labour is dearer, and less certain and constant than it was “ beforotime.” Coffee,
b, the successful cultivation and reaping of which depends on a reliable supply of labour, is
y grown on a small scale, although the Liberian variety shows promise of rewarding the pains
those who plant it. Cacao culture ia only in its infancy, and so at present the cane is the chief,
hot the only support of the Colony. Of sugar, large quantities are raised and exported, In
85 the crop, which was reckoned but «& short one, reached 106,532 hhds.; in the previous year
was 139,296. In the Exhibition will be found abundant specimens of the fine sugars
oduced in the Colony——Muscovado (once known as “moist” or “ brown”), white and yellow
stale, and dark sugar, the latter rich in saccharine matter, but with a colour which permits its
roduction into the American market for rofining purposes at a low rate of duty: Molasses and

m are also shown.

868 | British Guidna.

press Go ; mi

The proprietors of sugar plantations spare no trouble, no expense in cultivation
machinery; no stone is left unturned to maintain a foremost rank in the British market,
struggle has of late been rendered most difficult by the competition of bounty-supported eg
from the Continent of Europe. How much longer it can be continued remains to be seen, but
is evident that with the dissolution of the sugar industry grave trouble and difficulties mu
arise in a community constituted as is that of British Guiana.

The Ethnological collection in the Court is very interesting, and contains specimens of
weapons and other articles in use among tho native Indians. Four figures represent these peoy
and will no doubt attract attention. The Commissioners hope as the season advances, to prem
to the public a party of six Indians, who will be placed in a facsimile of their huts, and will
occupied in basket-making, hammock weaving, &c., as in their native land. Arrangements ha
been entered into for the exhibition of specimens of gold. This precious metal is found ;
considerable quantity in British Guiana, and it is hoped that steps will be taken for
protection and encouragement of gold mining in tho Colony.

The specimens in the Exhibition will give some idea of the variety and excellence of {
timbers of the Colony. Some of them, as Mora and Greenheart, are already well known
Europe, where they are used in shipbuilding, and as piles, &c. The resistance shown by «
of these woods to the action of salt or fresh water and to the attacks of the tcredo render th
of great value. Others are peculiarly fitted for cabinet work, and it is hoped that the Exhibit
may be the means of introducing to the notice of merchants and manufacturers many of th
woods. Every ivformatior. 2s to their qualities, uses and supply will be found in the Spe
Catalogue, or in the notes appended to the Lista furnished by Messrs Park & Ounningham,
exhibit a large number of well-selected specimens.

The fibres of British Guiana are comparatively unknown in the European market. Cotte
which was once largely grown, is no longer cultivated, although the soil is well fitted for
production.

Many of the fibres shown may take the place of hemp and bast, and it only needs a demu
to call forth a constant supply at low prices. The collection shown is a very large one, ani
any specimens are deemed worthy of examination and trial, the Commissioners will be glad
supply samples for the purpose, The hammocks, &c., exhibited are evidence of the good qualiti
of the native fibres.

The minerals of British Guiana are not numerous nor of much commercial value, with!
exception of gold, which exists in considerable quantities. At present, owing to difficulties «
boundaries, capitalists are unwilling to engage in mining undertakings; but there is no do
that with settled boundaries and protection to such enterprises, gold mining would become om
the most lucrative industries of the Colony, Ircn exists in great abundance, but no atten
have been made to turn it to account.

British Guiana is rich in gums, vils, and barks, and exhibits fine specimens of Gum Animia
of Ballata, which will be found in its first stage as milk, and in rolls, sheets, &c. This gumis
gome respects superior to caoutchouc and gutta-percha, A very exhaustive report on
collection and properties has been written by Mr. Jenman, the Government Botanist of
Colony, which is well deserving of perusal.

The “ Gillbacker glue,” which is made into Isinglass, with a specimen of the fish (Silm
Parkeri) from whence it is obtained, are exhibited. ‘Tonca or Tonquin beans, which are fo
in large quantities, are also shown; as are several kinds of oil. The barks are very numem
and it is desirable that their properties should be ascertained. Many aro useful for tam
purposes, and others are employed by the Indians in various cases of illness or accident.
‘hose who are desirous of making researches into the qualities of these barks, samples will
readily given on application.

The food products comprise the meal and starch of the Cassada, which is the staple fos
the Indian. Caasareep, which is largely used on account of its antiseptic properties, is
ghown; as are dried plantains and bananas, the former of which is stated to be one of thet

——Britieh Guiana, 369

articles of food known. ‘Tho cacao and coffee exhibited are of good quality,
show that the soil of the Colony is well adapted to their cultivation, . Coffee it
well known, was one of the chief exports of former days, and realized a large price in the
markets,
The collections illustrative of the natural history of British Guiana will repay inspection, as
many other exhibits, to which more particular reference cannot be made in this brief notice,
are however reminded that the contents of the British Guiana Court are dealt with at
length in the Special Catalogue published by tho Commissioners,

870

N the PRIVATE EXHIBITORS
COURT of the INDIAN SECTION

by the old-established firm of

MANOCKJEE POONIIAJEE & SONS, oF BoMbay

Samples are on view and may be tasted.

Chutneys, Preserves, and Currie

IN THE HIGHEST STATE OF PERFECTION,

es HOMAS PHYSIAN & CO., of 430, Wes

Srranp, who are representing this Fir
at the Exhibition, will be ready to execu
any Orders for these Choice Goods |
Wholesale or Retail quantities.

T. PHYTHIAN & CO.

430, WEST STRAND,

Nearly opposite Cuarine Cross Railway Statio

INDIAN AND CEYLON TEAS.

Britis Guiana, a71

gee eee
2. Yollow oy har ae Plantation C)
@) Plantation Morand aay T at,
elville, (6) Plantation Ultviugt. (6 & 7)
Plantation elling, Plantation
L’Union, (@ & 10) Plantation Enterprise
Leguan. (11) Plantation Enmore, (12 & 18)
Plantation Suecess. (14) Plantation Peter's
i fataon et eee
en Meerzog, n-
tation La Bonne epnrention. as) Plan
Cane Grove. (20) Plantation hateau Mar-
got. (21) Plantation Hope. (22) Plantation
fouston, (88 & 24) Plantation Taymouth
Manor. (25) Plantation Perseverance, (26)
Plantation Farm. (27) Plantation Goed ver-
Wagting. (28) Plantation Marionville, (29)
Plantation Mara,

Refinin stals—(1) Plantation Do
Wile, (3) Pinckney Medeihe (8 & 4)
Plantation Tuschen de Vrienden. 5) Planta.
tion Uitvlugt. (6) Platitation erstelling.
. (7) Plantation Hampton Court. (8) Planta-
| Facsimile of Map ‘of parts of British tion La Bonne Intention, (®) Plantation Cano

jana and Venezuela, showing grants matle to Grove, (10) Plantation Hope. (11 Planta-
no pero by the Government of Vene- | tion Houston. (12) Plantation vin
} dons

as an encroachment on the
» Muscovado Sugar. — (1) Plantation Ma

of British Guiana. Tho above are 4.
hibited by the Government of British Guiana, | Retraito, (2) Plantation Blankenburg.
Molasses Sugar.—(1) Plantation more,

8. Proclamation and Articles of Capitulation, | (2) Plantation Met en Meerzog. (8) Planta.
8. Lent by George Melville, Fsq., Assistant | tion Goedverwagting. (4) Plantation Farm.
ernment Secretary. (5) Plantation Marionville,

5. White Rum.—(1) Plantation Fann. (2)
Plantation Herstelling. (8) Plantation L’Union.
(4) Plantation Enterprise Leguaa., (6) Plan-
tation Enmore, (6) Plantation Success, (7)
Plantation Blankenburg, (8) Plantation
Hague. (8) Plantation Bcschon de Vrienden,
(10) Plantation La Bonne Intention, (11)
Plantation Hope, (12) Plantation Houston.
(18) Plantation Farm, (14) P'ontation Ma-
rionville. (16) Plantation Chateau Margot.
(16) 8. R. Pontifex.

6. Coloured Rum,—(1) Plantation Farm.
(2) Plantation Hope. (8) Plantation Hous.
ton, (4) Plantation Marionville. (5) Planta-
tion Marionville (logwood). (6) Plantation
Herstelling. (7) Plantation L’Union, (8)
Plantation Enterprise Leguan. (9) Plantation
Enmore, (10) Plantation Success, (11)
Plantation Met en Meerzog. (12) Piantation
Blankenburg. (18) Plantation Taymouth
Manor. (14) Plantation Taymouth Manor
(Mango). (15) Plantation Hague. Rete Plan-
* | tation Caledonia. (1'7) Plantation Tuschen de
lantotion Comelia Ida. (8) Planta-| Vriendon, (18) Plantation Uitviugt, (1
Enmore. (8 & 10) Plantation Peter's Plantation La Bonne Intention. & 21

(11) Plantation “Met en Meerzog. | Plantation Cane Grove. (28) Plantation Cha-
) Plantation Cane Grove. (18) Plon-| teau Margot. (28) Plantation Enterprise.
mn Chitesu Margot.. (14) ‘Plantation (24) Plantation F.M.M. (25) S, R, Pontifex.

(16) Plantation Houston. (16 & 17
tation Taymouth Manor. (18). Plantation 7. Molasses (vacuum setae) Hyg tation
Farm. (2) Plantation Taymouth Man.

SECTION 4A,’
Maps and Plans, &o.

1 Map of British Guiana, Publishod by the
ommont of the Colony.

Bouchenroeder’s Map of Fawequebo and
orara, 1798,

Map of the County of Berbice, 1844,

Plan of Georgetown.

§. Plan of New Amsterdam,

Facsimile of Schomburgk’s Map of Bris
Guiana,

Patutings and Drawings.

Water-colour Views of tho Interior of British
lana, By J. G. Sawkins, F.G.S8,

seenéry and inhabitgnts, by C. Norton,
ta a of Indians, &o. Exhibited by
a,

ater-colour sketch of Roramia. Exhibited
Y. F’, im Thurn,

vil and water-colour Paintings by 0, Mon-
1 Jones,

ON BWSUGAR AND SAC.
CHARINE PRODUOTS.

SUGARS.
White Crystals, 1) Plantation De Wil-
aes ‘Plontatio
Plantation —Uitvlugt. (5) Plantation

nla. (18)\ Plantation | Perseverance.
Plantation Farm, (21) Plantation Ma.

Manor. (3)
Plantation Houston. (4) Platitation Marion.
ville, (22) Plantation Herstelling. 1 dg

ville,
2B2

$72 British Guiana.
4. Tataboo. The average height of the
trees is about 80 ft. ‘The wood is dark-colour
heavy and hard, and well adapted for mill-h
timbers; it is also used in boat-building, hor
framing, &c.

Mamoori-Balli. ‘The average height §
about 70 ft., and it can be had to square 1¢
The wood is tough and hard, and is suitable
house-framing and other work where it willy
be exposed to the weather.

6. Pakoorie, The average height ia ah
80 ft., but it is a tree the trunk of which is vam
large compared with its height; it can be
to squere up to 36 in. free of sap. When arri
at maturity this is a very durable wood, and
used for house-framiag and many other

poses.

8, Molasses (common process).—(1) Planta-
tion Taymouth Manor. (2 Plantation Hope.
(8) J. P. yay he (4) Plantation Met en
Meerzog. (6) Plantation Blankenburg. (8)
Plantation Nismes. (7) Plantation F.M.M.

9. Vinegar (cane juice).—Plantation Tay-
mouth Manor.
ro. Bitters —(1) W. Fresson, @ H. T.

Matthews. (3) ©. F. Viera. (4) Plantation
Hope. (5) 8. R. Pontifex.

11. Rum Shrub.—(1) Plantation La Bonne

Intention. (2) 8. R. Pontifex. (3) R. G.
Greaves.

tra. Syrups. L. F. Valladares,

12.—Plan or Model of a Sugar Manufactory
—the fayade of a plantation, showing the dwel-
ling-houses, sugar-works, hospital, snd cot-
tages of the labourers.
' 13. Model of Koker, for tidal drainage of
sugar estate. M. B. Jamieson.

14. Model of Koker, for tidal drainage of
sugar estate. W. Morison.

15. Model of Koker with two doors, for tidal
drainage of sugar estate. W. Morison.

16. Shovels, &c., used in cane cultivation.
Plantation Leonora.

17. Photographs illustrating Cane Qultiva-
tion and Sugar Manufacture. By O. Norton.

8. Kooroo-Balli, or Trysil (Pentaclethra
mentosa). ‘The average height of this te
the forest on the upper parts of the river
about 60 ft. It can be had to square 10in!
of sap, and is a dark close-grained wood
able for making furniture.

SECTION C.—WOODS OF
BRITISH GUIANA.

For detailed description, see Special Catalogue.

1. Souari (Caryocar tomentosum; Dec.) Its
average height is about 90 ft., and the timber
can easily be got to i aa 24 in.; it is very
tough and cross-grained. The roots make ex
cellent floors and futtocks for ship-building,
and can be had sufficiently large to timber a
vessel of large size. The Souari-nut (Butter-
nut), well known in the colony, is the fruit of
this tree,

2. Determa. ‘The average height is about
100 ft., and it can be had to square up to 30 in.
It is used for planking boats, in the construction
of railway carriages, and for many other pur-
pee where a light and strong wood is required.

terma is also used for the masts and spars of
vessels; the largest spars for these purposes

urable in the colony are of this wood, from
0 to 90 ft. long, and 14 in. in diameter at the |.
smallest end,

3 Kabukalli. It is‘one of our tallest forest
trees, and grows very straight; its average
height is about 120 ft. and it can be had to
square up to 30 in. free of sap. Kabukalli is
used in boat-buildiag.

9. Itikiboura-Balli is comparatively a
tree below the rapids. Jt does not attainls
average height of more* than 70 ft., and is
Hy oe articles of furniture and walt
sticks.

10, Seebadani. This tree has an ave
height of 60 ft.; it will square up to 29 in.

11. Wallaba, or Bimiti Wallaba (perus
cata, Aubl.), grows in loose eandy soil,
extensive tracts of country, and is a wood
to every one in the colony. From it framay
houses are made, vat staves, paling staves
shingles, both for colonial use and for ei
to the neighbouring colonies. These trel
all plentiful, and have an aver height
80 ft., and can be had to square 20 in,
sap.

(No. 15), but of a sticky nature.

13 Itoori Wallaba, See No, 11,

4 Tawaronoro, or Bastard Bullet Tree (Hu-

Mart.). The average height
about 90 ft., and it can be had to square
in, free of sap. The timber is useful for
ming houses, wheel-spokes, and many other
rposes, and where small sized timber is re-

ired is superior to greenheart.
1%. Bullet Tree, or Burueh (Sa Mulleri,
> or Mim gp. ?). Pri taco grows

>

mntifully, especially in Berbice, where it may
® found 6 ft. in diameter; its average height
about 100 ft., and it can be had to square
in. free of sap. During the time that wind-
lls were used in the colony, Bullet-tree was
nsidered to be the best wood for the arms of
ndmill. The gum known as Balata is pro-
eed by this tree, The wood is dark red, close
ined and solid, and, when free of sap, most
radle.

16, Fukadie. Fukadie grows on sandy soil.
average height is about 80 ft., and it can be

fo square 16 in. free of sap. It is used for
use-framing, and is a durable wood for indoor

17. Karahura is one of the lightest of colonial
bods, and is ony fit for partition boards and
her indoor work of a similar, nature. Its
rige height is 80 ft., and it can be had to
aro 30 in,

18. Hooboodie, or Wild Cashew (Anacardium
i ik Wr Averages about 80 ft, in height ;
ep wood is light and not very durable, and is
ly used for boards.

19, Lallifer. This tree is a species of Ciroua-

or Sirua-Balli (Nectandra, or Oreodaphne) ;
has a strong aromatic scent, and is used in
at-building. Its average height is about 70 ft.,
dit can be had to squaro 16 in.

20. Manniballi. Manniballi is a most durable
pod when free of sap, and is superior to Green-
art where small sizes of timber are required.
average height is about 100 ft., with a very
fall top, and can be had to square 20 in. free
sap.

21, Kauta-Balli. It is plentiful on hilly land,
dattaing to an average height of 80 ft., and
b be had to square 14in. The wood is useful
house-framing, is hard, and has a close,

aight grain.

British Guiana.

373

2%, Wadaduri, or Monkey Pot (heesehse
grandiflora, Aubl.), This tree, plentiful through-
out the colony, is distin by the size of
its leaves the place whero it grows. This
variety attains to an average height of about
ont It can be had to square free of sap

23. Wamara, This tree is not plentiful in
any part of the colony below the rapids, Grows
on sandy soil, and does not ave more than
about 60 ft. in height, and can be had to square
12 in. free of sap. The heart or Tacouba is
exceedingly hard, heavy, and very close-grained,
resembling ebony. It is little used in the colony
owing to its extreme hardness, but it is a fine
wood for inlaying and other cabinet work,

24. Irriariadan. It is a fine wood of a dark
brown colour, and suitable for cabinet work,
partition boards, staves, and many other pur-
poses. The average height is about 80 ft., and
it can be had to square i0 in.

25. Dukuria. Is used for house-framing and
many other purposes. Its average height is
about 90 ft., and it will square 16 in.

26. Dakama-Balli. Its average big oo
about 80 ft., and it will square 20 ini, free
sap. The wood is little used.

27. Greenuesrt, or Bibiru (Nectandra Rodizt,
Schomb). There are three varieties of Groeen-
heart, yellow, black, and mainop, all most ser-
viceable and durable woods, if cut when arrived
at maturity. Greenheart is one of our tallest
forest trees, and logs can be had from 18 to 24 in.
square, and 70 ft. long. Greenheart is one of
the eight first-class woods at Lloyd’s ; and.admi-
rable kelsons, knee and other timbers can be
had of it. Sawn into scantling it is used for
planking vessels. For wharves, house-framing,
mill timbers and many other purposes, Green-
heart is unsurpassed by any other wood in the
colony. From the bark and seeds “ Bibirine”
is extracted.

28. Eta-Balli (Vochysia guyanensis, Aubl.),
Eta-Balli is plentiful in low situations near the
rivers and creeks, The wood is little used.
The tree attains an average height of about
90 ft., and will square 18 in. free of sap,

29. Wild Guava (Psidium sp.), These trees
are not plentiful, and the wood is little known
or used. Its average height is about 60 ft., and
it will square 10 in,

is
of

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Oheapside, London.
atch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

THREE STRIKING CLOCKS FOR S10. In handsome Marble Cases...
HOTELS, OFFICES, ok PRIVATE HOUSES. Delivered free at any Station in the

United Kingdom,

$74

caiescaianiaaeetanetptnsabinintiidiindaisiisianaeniaaienee-eres
4g. Arrigoutoo. This wood is of a dark yéllow
colour, and has a
exposed to the’ er, and is not eaten by
Sg tirid makin -
plankin and
The Svetlige ‘height is about 80 ft., and it
square 14 in. free of sap.

“gt, Katiatakata, Kamarakata is 4 dark

brown close ed heavy wood of a bitter taste:
Tt is verylasting, and is used for boat timbers, for
which purpose it answers well. It is compara-

tively a short tree, not averaging more than
50 ft, in height, but has a large trunk,

Dukala-Balli.’ The wood is of deep red
colout, heavy and closed-grained, and is used
for making articles of furniture, bedstead-posts,
&c. It takes a fine polish, 4nd is a durable
wood, Its average height is about 120 ft., and
it will aquare 20 in.

33. Suradanni.. Suradanni grows in low
situations.._The wood is used for making canoes,
planking boats, and many other purposes.

34. Caraba, or Crabwood, with variety
(Carapa 'Guianenis, Aubl.). “From the trunks
conoes are made; and sawn into boards it is
used for making furniture, partitions, flooring,
&c. ‘The seeds yield the well-known Crab Oil,
and the bark is used for tanning. The average
height is about 120 ft, and it can be had to
square 80 in,

45: Foglekop. Sawn into boards it is useful
for ‘indoor worlr, titions, doors, &c. Its
ome height is about 70 ft., amd it will equare

0.

(36. Houboo-Balli,. The wood takes a fine
polish, and is useful for making articles of fur-
niture, and cabinet work of any description.
Under water it lasts a long time, and on
bottom of a punt
other wood. The tree attains to an average
height of about 100 ft., and will square 20 in,

37. Simiri, or Locust (Hymenwa Courbardl,
-Linn.). ‘The wood is hard, heavy and close-
‘grained, of a brown colour streaked ‘with veins,
and takee‘a fine polish. it is used fog making
furniture, mill-beds and tree nails for planking
of ships. The ‘tree yields the Gum Animi of
‘eominerce.

38. Hiawa-Balli (Omphalobium: Lamberti,
Dec.): This is a rare tree, and its wood is in
great request for cabinet work. It is easily
worked and of great beauty. Its average height
is about 90 ft., and it will square 12 in.

39. Siribidanni. The heart is of a purple
colour, elosé-grained and hard, and is useful

ing furniture. The aver-

.to 6

or boat will outlast almost any

end 1
age hgh i about 50 ft., and it will square 4.

British Guianth

40. Simarupa ((Simaruba officinalis, Dec
The wood is of a light colour, light and el
grained, and is one of the moat useful we
wor Wood ants will not eat or injure sim
rupa. ‘The average height of the tree is ab
90 ft., and it will squere 24 in.

41. Kurahara. The wood is red
cvlour of cedar, and floats in water ;

“ea

for making canoes king boats and span
The average height Aya etd 90 ft. and it
square 20 in.

42. K’wanatri (Locust). See No. 37.

Duka.. The wood is light, and sawn in
boards is useful for indoor house work, tab
&e.. Its average height is about 60 ft, and
will square 10 in.

. Hackia, (Siderodendron triflorum, Vablf
mie wood is exceedingly hard, close-grain
and heavy, and of a brown colour. Itis
able for making cogs and shafts, but is alm
too hard for any other purpose. Ave
height about 65 ft.; it will square 12 to Ij

s. Kumara, or Tonkin Bean (Dips
odorata, Willd.). Kumara is a close-grain
heavy. Poown-colonres wood, exceedingly toug
and durable, and is useful for cogs, shafts, 4
any other purpose where a strong wood

capa
of resisting great pressure is desired.

‘tree yields the Tonkin beans, well known

the colony. Average height about 90 ft, a
will square 22 in, '

46. Kuraroo, or Bat-Seed. Its wood isha
but not very durable, and is little used ; it tak
a fine polish and would be useful for furnitu
Its average height is about 60 ft.

47. Aramata.. It is a dark-coloured |
wood, and is used in boat-building, how
framing, and sometimes for cabinet work. jf
average height is about £9 ft., and it can be
to square 12 in.

48. Caraba, or’ Crabwood, red
(Carapa Guianensis, Aubl.). See No. $4.

49. Warikuri, Waracoori, or White Ce
White Cedar when full grown is a heavy:
close-grained wood, very durable under grows
but splits on exposure to the sun. Its ave

height is abou, 6U ft., and it will equare 101

go, Brown Cirouaballi, or Siruaballi. 1
tree grows to a large size, and is used for ba
building. It attains to an average height off
ft., and can often be had to square 36 in.

51. Ooin, Its average height is about 901
and it can be had to square from 16 to 18 in.

. Hinwa (Icica heptiphylla, Aubl.)
wendts little used, as it jonas rapidly on ex
sure to the weather. -This tree produce’ f
gum. known. as Hiawa, or Resin of Cou
which is burnt as incense. The average help
is about 50 ft., and it will square 10 in.

British Guiana. B75

sq Kurana, or Red Cedar (Icica altissi
ent Red Cedar is a most serviceable
valuable wood, and its uses are too well known
torequire description, The tree averages 100
ft, in height, and can be had 38 or 40 in, in
id meter.

Waciba, Washiba, or Bow-Wood.. Is ex-
weedingly tough, hard and close-grained, and is
ithe best known wood for bows. Its average
height is about 120 ft. and it can be fxd
square 30 in.

Mora, White variety (Mora excelsa,
Benth.). ‘The bark is used for tanning, and
medicinally in cases of dysentery. Mora is used
in ship-building, and is an exceedingly tough

ood, difficult to split, and one of the eight
first-class woods at Lioyd’s. It often attains to
he height of nearly 200 ft., but in such cases
has generally a hollow trunk; it can be had
) square 24 in. free of sap and holes.

Tibicusi, or Bastard Letter Wood. From

he Pitaka Creek, Pomeroon River. Tibdicusi is

y rare wood, only used for bows, walking-sticks,

and inlaying cabinet work. Average height
about 60 ft.

57, Buro-Koro, Burracurra, Paira, or Letter
Wood (Brosimum <Aubletii Poep, Paratinera
Guianensis, Aubl.). Letter Wood is a rare tree,
nd the wood is beautifully marked, close-
grained, takes a high degree of polish, and is
very heavy. Average height about 60 ft.

Keritee, or Kretti. Is useful for par-
itions and the upper planking of boats. Its
average height is about 80 ft., and it will square
20 in,

59. Koorooboorelli, or Purple-Heart (Copai-
era pubijlora, and Copaifera bracteata, Benth.).
There are two kinds of Purple-heart. The bark

sof one isused by the Indians for making canoes
br “Wood-skins.” They are sometimes of
large size, accommodating fifteen or sixteen
persons, The wood is hard, durable, and very
ough. It isa fine wood for mill-beds, house-
aning, &c., and is capable of resisting great
trains. Its average height is about 120 ft.

60. Yellow Cirouaballi, or Sirua-Ralli. A
ight wood, used principally for planking boats.
the average height is about 60 ft. The bark
suseful for tanning.

61. Awati. Isa light wood, of close grain,
he colour of white pine, and is useful for in-

Moor work, The average height is about 60 ft.
id its diameter 16 in.

62, Kakaralli (Lecythis ollaria, Linn.). There

¢ two kinds of Kakaralli, known as the white
bd black Kakaralli. These woods are close-
pained and tough, and of «# light brown
olour; they are used for house-training, build-
ing wherves, &o. It is said that barnacles will
hot eat or injure Kakaralli. The average
eight of the treo is about 80 ft., and it will
quare 16 in,

Buhoorada, The w is heavy an
gi ree but is little see Its average
height is about 75 ft., and it will square 20 in,

64. Assakoola. It is about 50 ft, in height,
The Indians use it for building. It will square
to i2 in.

65. Wauri. The tree from which this speci-
men was cut was 120 ft. in height; itis 2
lasting wood, The Indians make their largest
canoes from it.

66. Kyeta. It is about 90 ft. in height, and
will square 12 in,

67. Kamuhura. This tree reaches a height
about 90 ft.; it will square 20 in. and a lasting
wood, being of the sume colour as bullet tree.

68. Koorikye. This tree can be found 100 ft.
in height, 24 ft. in diameter. It is used for
partitions, reofing, and flooring, and also for
ship spars und masts in small vessels,

69. Mari Cazoora. This tree grows 100 ft-
in length, will square 15 in. It is a firm wood,
white.

70. Siki Siki Danna. This is a dark, heavy
wood, known also as ironwood, grows 80 ft.,
will square up to 12 in.

71. Morabucquia. Grows on high lands,
100 ft. in height; it will square 20 in.

72. Marciballi. This wood will square 14 in.;
and is used by the Indians for house-building.

73. Kockeritte Balli. This tree for 80 ft-
will square 14 ia, It is used for framing
purposes,

74. Assapaka. This tree
of 8C ft.; will square 12 in,

75. Black Heart, This tree grows to 100 ft.
and squares 10 in. It is one of the most lasting
woods.

76. Kanooka Balli. This tree grows to a
height of 90 ft.; it will square 15 in,

77- Snake nut (Ophiocaryon paradoxum)
This tree grows 50 ft. in height. The tacuba
is dark, resembling rose wood, and lasting.
The seeds of this tree are remarkable, being in
form very like a young snake,

78. Moora Balli. This tree grows 80 feet. in
height, and will square 16 in.

79. Kartaback Kooki. This tree grows 90
feet in height; will square 20 in,; a heavy,
close-grained yellow wood.

grows to'a height

80. Yarooro. This tree grows over 100 ft.
in heignt and 80 in. diameter, like a bundle of
trees stuck together. From it the Indian
obtains his paddle, axe-handle, oar-blade, «ec.

81. Baradanna. This tree grows to 100 ft.
in height and 3 ft. diameter. It is one of our
best trees for purposea such ag
furniture, &

376

82. Barakara. This tree is about 90 ft. in
height, and squares 24 in.

83. Itikibooro. This tree is about 70 ft. in
height; will square up to 20 in.

84. Koola Balli. This tree grows about 90
ft. in height ; will square 16 in. It is a black,
heavy wood, and lasting.

85. Kyearimma. This tree grows about €0
ft, in height, will square 14 in. of a p
coloured tacuba or heart.

86. Koukatarra. This tree is about 80 ft., and
will square up to 24 in. It is a close-grained,
tough wood, called plain handle wood.

87. Yakooro Cirouballi. This tree grows in
the wallaba bush, is the same use as the other
Cirouballies.

88. Kanooka. This tree is about 70 ft. in
height; will square 12 in. The tacuba re-
sembles rosewood.

89. Kokiterie. It is about 70 ft. in height;
it will se age in short lengths about 10in. It
is a hard, heavy and tough wood, considered
one of the best timbers for knees in ship-
building. The bark is very astringent, and is
in use at H. M. Penal settlement for tanning.

90. Subileroeballi. ‘This tree is about 70 ft.
in height, and will square 12 in. A heavy,
hard, close-grained wood,

gi. Everiballi. This tree is in height about
80 ft., and will square 18 in. One of the best
furniture woods, and much asked for by the
cabinet-makers.
Hitchia. This tree is about 80 ft. in
height, and will square 14 in.
3. Warima. ‘This tree is about 70 ft. in
_ ght, and will square 14 in.; it is used for
8.

aguas gre This tree is about 80 ft. in
pay | t, and will square 14 in.; is much used
for house frames, tacuba posts, &c.

95- Karkarwa.

96. Sacka, Purple Heart. This tree grows
about 90 ft. in height; will square 16 in.

97- Kreeka. ‘This waa used in the colony at
one time for headings for sugar hogsheada, &c.

98. Saribebe. This tree grows on the sides
of the rivers and creeks; it is a species of
wallaba without the oil.

99. Oorilla, or Blood Wood. This tree grows
70 ft. in height, and will yt 14 in.; a
useful wood for partitions, back and insides of
furniture.

100. Hoorowassa. ‘This tree is about 70 ft.
in height, and will square up to 24 in,

ror. Mackrasalli. This wood is 9 good
furniture wood. The tree grows 80 ft. in
height; it will square 16 in. '

ink | cross arms are of pitch pine. Costs 2 dol. i,

102. Collection of Cabinet Making Woods.

og a by Park and Cunningham, George

wn.

The notes appended to the Lists by th
expet

Exhibitors are the results of long en
in working the woods, and are very valuable.
103. Telegraph ts made of the tacoo

heart-wood) of Wallaba (Hperua falcata,
reasks prepared for use in Pie: sabe

or 10s, 3d., in the colony.

104. Ditto, undressed. Costs 1 dol. 75 cent
or 7s. 4d., in the colony,

These posts do not require treatment with t
or other preservative, and last for 15 to 20 yean
even when placed in marshy situations, when
they are surrounded with water for weeky
together. They can be obtained in lengths o
85 to 40 ft., tapering from 12 or 14 ini
diameter at the base, to 4 or 5 in. at the top.

105. Railway sleepers (Mora) (6). Val
2s. 6d. to 3s. each.
106. ad keys (Mora) (12). Value li

These articles are far more durable than i

made of any pine timber, and require no chemi
cal treatment for their preservation.

107-109. Models of punts, to show ti
manner of carrying heavy woods, on the river
of Guiana.

110. Nine logs of Letter Wood (Piratina
guyanensis, Aubl.).

111-113. Walking sticks.
114. Wallaba vat staves.

11%, 116. Wallaba shingles, used in lieu
slates or tiles to cover house roofs.

117. Axe handles.

118. Liquor vat, 500 gals, Wallaba
Greenheart.

119. Rum vat, 500 gals., Greenheart.
120. Still vat, 500 gals., Greenheart.

rai. Rum puncheon, Wallaba. Exhibited lg
Booker Brothers & Co.

122. Log of Mora (Mora excelsa),
123. Log of Greenheart (Nectandra Rodit
124. Log of Siruaballi (Oreodaphne).
125. Log of Suradanni.

126. Pair of double paddles, made of Yarul
wood. ;

127. Two pairs of oars, made of Silverbally

SECTION D.—FIBEROUS
SUBSTANCES.

1, 2. Cotton, raw and cleaned; with
yarn and spinning instrument,

British Guiana. 377

3 4 Silk cotton from Hriodendron anfrac-
um (DO.). Used for stuffing pillows, &c.

6, Silk 8 (Crowea) from species of
we and Nidularium Karatas, Temnaie,

y. Plantain, from species of Musa.
8,9. Mahoe. Exhibited by E, Seon.

10, Sweet briar, or Akasce (Demeraya jute),
om Conchurus Siliquosus, W.,a shrub; with
ne made of the same.

Ditto, with piece of the wood. Exhibited by
Seon. °

1, Wild Ochro, from species of Malvacea,
th rope made of the same.

12, Wild cottoa, with rope.
13. Monkey apple, from Anona palustris, L.,
th rope.

14. Sour sop from Anona muricata, L,, with

15. Tibiserie, from the young fronds of the
ia palm (Mauritia flexuosa, Mart.), with
oo, of cord, hammock ropes, and the
m fronds.

16. Ditto. Exhibited by E. Seon.
17. Coquia.

18, Wild Cedar, or Serada.

19. Winora,

20, Kakarally (Lecythis grandiflora).
21. Ditto. Exhibited by E. Seon.

22, Yacorov.

» Wadaduri, or Monkey Pots (Lesythis
wid),

hagas Demerara bast (Couratari guya-
818).

§. Ditto. Exhibited by E. Seon.

26. Batramally. Exhibited by E. Seon,

27. Enouroo.

8%. Ditto. Exhibited by E. Seon.

29. Dowranna.

Ditto. Exhibited by E. Seon.

83 Yougahi.

Karaserie.

Ditto. Exhibited by B. Seon.

cities (Agave gigantea), Exhibited by
D.

Coyattee,
. Fibres, Krattee, Pine-apple, Hibiscus
i, Wild Ochro, Tiger plant, cotton and
seed, Exhibited by John Junor.

41. Collection of Fibres, &,, illustrating
manufacture of coir or cocoa-nut fibre, Ex-

42. Moca Moca fibro (Montrichardia arbor:
escens). Exhibited by E. Seon.
43. Cowtabally fibre.

SECTION E.—MINERALS,

Pipe clay or Kaolin from River Corentyn.
Sand from River Corentyn.

SECTION F.
GUMS, OILS, BARKS, &c.

1. Locust Gum, or gum anime, found about
the roots of the simiri or locust tree (Hymenwa
courboril, L.).

2. Ditto.
3. Ditto. Package (Wieric), shows how it ig
brought from the forest.

4. Hyawa Gum, obtained by incision from
ANtLy or incense tree (Icica heptaphylla.
ubl.

5. Resin of Conima, or Hyawa Gum.
6. Ditto.

7- India Rubber, from Hevea guyanensts,
Aubl.

8. Balata, from Mimusops balata.
9. Balata wood milk leaves.
10. Milk of the balata tree.

x1. Karamanni, or buck wax, from tlie mani
tree. Used by the Indians as pitch. -

12. Etabally Gum.

13. Balsam of Copaiba, from species of
Copaifera, L. (W. Fresson.)

14, 15- Ditto, pale'and dark. (J. Rodway.)
16. Ditto, ditto. (J. Brown.)

17. Crab Oil, from the seeds of Cara
guyanensis, Aubl. Used in the colony and by
the Indians for dressing the hair. Exhibited by
W. Fresson.

18 Ditto. (J. Rodway.)

19. Ditto. (Hi, Couchman.)

20. Ditto. (J. Brown.)

20a. Ditto. (8. R. Pontifex.) ,
21. Acuyuri Oil, from the fruit of Astrocaryon

aculeatum.

22, Castor Oil. Exhibited by W. Fresson,

378° B itish G °
23> Castor Oi} Seeds, Exhibited by E. Seon.
23a. Cocon Nut Oil. (8. B. Pontifex.)

‘am Ditto. (W. Fresson.)

48 Dacama Bark. Astringent ; used in
sentery and as a dressing for ulcers.

49 Ourubally,or Spice Bark. Decoction
the inner bark used as an emetic.

50. Dally. Astringent; used in ul
of the mouth.

51. Iturite Wallaba. Astringent;
inner bark used for toothache.

82, Sarababa? Decoction used as an
in fevers,

53. Aromata. Said to be poisonous.
tion used for snake bites and dressing ulcers,

. Coroo-coroo, Said to be poisonous.
coction used for snake bites,

55 Hyawa. Decoction used as an emetic
56. Epiculi. Astringent. Also used
tanning;

57 Old Man Bark. Used as a fish poison

58. Ekanna Bush Rope. Decoction used
whooping-congh.

59: Moraballi. Decoction used as
poison,

6o. Wild Cashews. Decoction used |
dysentery.

61. Yellow Silverbally. Astringent;
used for tanning.

62. Yaruroc, Used in fevers.

63. Hoobooballi. Astringent; used in ti
ning.

64. Buhoorada. ‘Astringent; used iu
ning.

65 Booiarig. Stomachic.

66. White Cedar... Decoction used
syphilis.

67. Mangrove. Astringent; used in
ning.
68. Touraneiro. Decoction used asa ball
small-pox. d

69. Coopers Rope. Astringent; used
tanning.

70. Sarsaparilla.

)
fuel. (B) Ditto, dried kernels in copra.

oil from fresh nuts.

26. Islinglass, or Fish Glue. The sounds
of the Gilbacker (Silurua Parkert); beat quality.

a7. Ditto; second quality.
a8. Ditto. (W. Fresson.)
29. Ditto; in sheets and cut. (W.. Fresson.)

go. Stuffed specimen of Gilbacker (Silurus
Parkeri); (Dr. C. G. Young.)

31. Vanilla. (W. Fresson.)

2. Tonka Beans (Dipteriz odorata), shelled
aud-in pods,

33. Ditto. (W. Fresson-)

34. Ditto. (E. Seon.)

35, 36. Indian Tobacco. (W. Fresson.)

37. Kakerally Fibre, or Bast. Exhibited by
W. Fresson. Used by the Accawois Indians in
making cigars or cigarettes.

Larcr CoLuscrion oF MEDICINAL AND
TANNING BARKS.

28, Quassia Wood (Quassia amare, L.). The
well-known tonic bitter,

39. Simaruba Bark (Simaruba amara,
Aubl.).

40. Greenheart Bark (Nectandra Rodixi,
Schomb.) Used as a tonic and febrifuge ; con-
tains bebeerine, a substitute for quinine.

41. Greenkeart Seeds. Used for the same
purposes as the bark.

42. Mora Bark (Mora excelsa, Benth.). Astrin-
gent; used in dysentery,
Ss barra Bark, Infusion used for sore
eB.

Cotnection or Meproman Barks. Exhi
by E. Seon.
“1, Simaruba (Simaruba amara), Usel
colic. : : ay
y2. Arecaduko. Decoction used for
and snake-bites,
73. Kowderara. Decoction used for
ut Greenheart (Nectandra Rodizi).
in fevers and colic.
75 Toraly, Used for colio. j;
76, Ouloo, ‘Used ag an emetic in fevers”

44. Orabwood Bark (Cara: uyanensis

Aubl.). Astringent ; used in dyeontet :
5. Soft Wallaba Bark (Eperna falcata,

Aubl.?). Astringent; used in dysentery.

46. Arisaro Bark. . Inner bark seraped and
used for singworm and itch; said to be foi-
sonous.

47. Kakara Bush Rope. Decoction of the
inner bark used as a dressing for ulcers.

oe ‘Bush Rope. Decootion used | .: 108. Coutaballi. Devotion used in, fevers,
fo ig ulcers, eons ’

109. Dalli(Myristicc fatua), Deeoction used

78. Hurihie. Decoction used in fevers and it colle. a aa ol Mo)

or dressing ulcers, 110. Wiaceroo. Used og a dressipg . for

79. Etekebooroo. Decoction used for colic, | tlcers.

tj
80. Hoorooasha. Decoction used for destroy-| 121 Manni. Decoction used in colic,. . ,
g parasites (Pediculi), 112. Serada. Decoction used in fevers:

8. ig eal used for bites of 113, Warrahike. Decoction used for: dteas-
nomous inse ‘ ’

ing ulcers,
82. Seriabally. Decoction used as an emetic 114. Mota (Mora excelea).’ Decoction used
fevers, for dysentery.

83. Hiawa (Icica heptaphylld). Decodtion 11§- Bakahie, Decoction used for dtopsy.

wa ee an emetio in fa yanp, 116. Boeari Bush Rope (Mikana amara). A
Touranero, Deeoction used as a cough | good stomachic bitter.

icine : ‘,
117. Yovracoundo, Decoction for dy-
85. Hackia, Decoction used for . dressing ented, ouracoundo, on, used y

cers. f

118. D . Decdction tised for dysentery.
86. Hooboodi, or Ubudi, Decoction used as spear yeune wenere
n astringent gargle in throat affections. 119. Devildora. Romedy for impotency,

87. Wallaba (Hperua falcata). Astringent; | 120. Hoorooasha. See No. 10.
sed for fevers. tai. Dooka,

$8. Buhurada, Used internally for fevers,| y20. Etakibouroo. Decoction used ag’ an
nd extertially for snake bites, emetic. Eps

&. Cocoroo, Decoction used in fevers. i123. Wacaradani.

90, 91. Roreko and Jurajura. Used together | 124. Lucunani dri,

decoction as a cough medicine, 125. Etabally. Infusion used for sore eyes,

92. Baramally, Awanabanna, and Alakwa- | °° in dysentery.

ina. Used together in decoction as a drink | 126. Simaruba.

ining parturition. 127. COLLECTION or TANNING Banks. Serada,
93 Akaraca. Decoction vised in fevers, Boura-boura, Paddo. Etarra. Saura bally.
94. Warracorie. Decoction used in’ gonore Mapruquin. The astringent medicinal barks
ag ; may be used for the ‘same purpose.

95 Quassia Wood (Quassia umara).

SECTION .G.
96. Arewewa. Devoction used as a purga- Foob PHéntiony, i
97. Wamara, or Brown Ebony... Decoction| 1. Cassava Bread. The “staff of life” of
ed as a dressing for ulcers, the South American Indians.
98. Cacoryun. Decoction used for colic, 2. Cassareep. The inspissated juice of the

99 Koukou. Used in diarrhoea aud fevers. Bitter Cassava. (W. Presson.)
3 3 Cassareep. (J. Rodway.)
100. Worally. Used as a purgative.

; " 4. Cassareep. (J. Brown.)
inp Thy on (Caryocar tomentosum). Used 8-12. Cacao, Exhibited by (8) C. Ross,'(6)

4 Plantation Noitgedacht, (7 & 8) A. Weber, vo
02. Kakarally (Lecythis grandiflora). De- | W. Smith, (9 & 10) Pln. Houston, (11) Pin.
tion-uaed aga dressing for ulcers. Mara, (12 & 13) Pln. Le Desir.
03 Sarubaba, . Used as a febrifuge. a Chocolate, prepared. Exhibited by EW.
04: Arisaro, Decoction used externally for | #@skin. a

; 5-76 ) Pin, ‘Netuodent oS Saat

; : 16 & ‘1 n. Noitge 17a) W. Smi
° Sa ol a Rope. Decoction used ee dein i Dene » G7 Sega @
j06. Kerecowa, Decoction used “as an anti-| , 20-22. Dried Plantain. (B.H. Jones.)

23, 24. Dried Sweet Onssava. (B. H. Jones,
7%/Caraba: Decoetion used in colic, Pine Desir.) silineat 18

880 British Guiana.

25, 26. Ditto, Bitter Cassava. (B, H. Jones,{ 6. Hammocks, [cotton. Used by the w
Pints Deeley! m to carry their infente 7

ans Conquintay. Dried plantain flour.| 7 Ditto, on frame to show mode of man

Jones.) facture,
29-31. Bitter Cassava Meal. (B. H. Jon 8. Tibiserie ropes for slinging hamm
Pla. Po Desir) , - ee ing sa:

9 eet Cassav M 1. B. H.

36. Bitter Cassava Starch. (B. H. Jones,
pit fe Dats va Starch. ( ones

Sweet Cassava Starch. (B. H. y
pith va Starch. ( Jones

10. Tibiserie fibre for hammock making,

11. Collection of carved wooden stools
and used by the Indians,

12. Collection of Indian pottery.

13. Large piwarrie jar.

14- Goglets, or water bottles.

15. Sappuras, or basins.

16. Earthen pots for cooking,

17. Two large gourds, ased for p
piwarrie. Exhibited by 8. Leon.
18-28. Collection of Basket Work.
29. Cassava graters.

30. Calabashes, collection of.

31. Fire sticks. Sometimes used, when
accident the fire is allowed to go out, w
however, as the Indians take great care of
fires, and always have plenty of wood,
happens.

32. Fishing nets.

33. Torch, made of fibre, and filled wi
Hyawa gun.

34-42. Indian canoes and models. (Dr
G. Young and others.)

43. Paddles.
44-57. Dress and ornaments.
58-68. Blow pipes.

Bows, arrows, and quivers.
Clubs.

pin’
39- Sweet Potato Starch. (B. H. Jones.)
40. Sweet Potato Flour.

41. wae Bananas, two kinds. (Pln. Le
ir.

42. Ditto, Mammee apple. (PIn. Le Desir.)
D Be 4+ Ditto Orange peel (sweet). (Pln. Le

45. Dried Sorrel (Hibiscue Saporifa). Used
for making a pleasant acidulous drinl ?

ots Gone Juice. (J. Rodway, Pln. Tay-
48. Chutney. (Pln. Hope.)
49. Rice. (Pin. Farm.)
§0. Brazil nuts. (J. Rodway.)
$1. Saouari nuts (Caryocar tomentosum).

52. Ochro seeds (Hibiscus esculentus). FE.
Seon.

53, 54- Twelve bottles Guiana pickles, (W.
Freer Misa Weber.) cenit

55. Lime juice. (J. Rodway.)

56-67. Fruits in Syrup, Jelly and Pickles
(Miss Skekel, Pin. Hope). :

68. Honey. (Pin. Hope.)

: ‘ Indian drum.
sone Cayenne Pepper, Pickles and Pre ‘Trumpets made of pottery.
Indian rattles.
78. Proserves. (J. Rodway.) Bone flutes.
Dancing stick.
SECTION H. Shields.
Wacquarrie whips.
Rranotoey. 70-78. Collection of Indian domestic
1. Illustrations of Indian manufactures and | (Dr. C. G. Young.)
their manner of living, &c.

79. Stone axes. (EK. F. im Thurn.)
80. Set of Indian basket work. (E.
81, Cassada basket on legs.’

Houses, Furnrrvre, &o.

2. Model of Indian house, with models of
some of their household utensils.

3. Ditto small. SECTION I.
4. Collection of fifty Indian hammocks, ZonLoey.
cotton: (Smith Bros. & Co.) M lia.

5 Ditto, Tibiserie fibre. See under Fibres.
One of these is noticeable for its ornamentation
of feather work.

1-24. Collection of Skins. (Dr.O, G. ¥
25. Collection of Skulls, (Dr.0.G. Y

British Guiana. 881
‘Seas Awarra). (20) Grains of Paradise (Amomum

26-28. Collection of Birds’ Skins. (Dr, 0.G. | Pepe). (81) Gourds (Cucurbita maxima), (82)
oung, C. B, Collier, See Lists.) seb Peppers (Capsicum annuum). (33) Suge Gane

). (84) Coffee LOatfec
a9. Collection of Birds’ Nests. aaree < err Katong wa) .
go. Collection of Birds’ Eggs. By J. Amor. te is), 38) ‘Gourd CLaffa opinion’
gt. Birds’ Skulls. (Dr. 0. G. Young.) (89) Sour Sop (Anona muricata).

32, Collection of Snakes, éc., in spirits, See | 2 Seeds and Fruit. Troolie (Manicaria

ata. ‘ Schalwyk, sacotfera). Eta (Mauritia ea). Acu
a ee dgivedion beckett Ghetitc bea ane
33 Snakes in spirits, (H. Humphreys.) saroo Pods. Monkey Pots (Lecythis grandi-
3 Skulls, (Dr. 0. G. Young.) flora). Monkey Cups (Leoythis sp.).

young.) uouna). Red Horse a, (iivewaa). Bara-
36. Collection of Lepidoptera, &o. cara Beads (Ormoeta coccinea), ‘Orbs Eyes
37-39. Nests of Wasps (Maribuntas), Large (Abrus preoatorius).

Nest of Marabunta. Small Nest of Marabunta.| 4, Troolie Caps. The spathe of Manicaria
G, Couchman.) saccifera, sometimes worn in the Colony.

Collection of Insects, &. (Rev. W. Fungi, principally species of Boletus.
hesper.) Buttorfios, Moths, Roctlos, Various 7 ny ee if "Vs ce we be cate
wots, Tiger Frogs. | ((#. Sanford.) Schnella? callod Monkey's Ladder by the
4t. Land and Freshwater Shells, Colonists.

42. Birds’ Eggs, (J. Amor.) 7. Flowers and Fruits in. Wax by Mrs.
Coombs,

3% Collection of Stuffed Wishes. (Dr. C. G. | (yp Ornamental Seeds.—Black Horse Eyes
Gara

SECTION J.

SECTION K.
Favits AND OTHER VEGETABLES, MISCELLANEOUS.
1. Collection of P; apier-Maché Models of x. Corn brooms, and specimens of the mate-
(1) Mammee (Mammea Americana). | vial of which they are made.

2. Swizzle sticks, used for beating up cock-
tails, swizzles, and other drinks,

3- Creole basket work.
4. Straw hats.

} Half-model of steamer in white pine.
ab M. Woodruffe.)

6. Artificial flowers made of fish scales.

7- Model of British Gviana Public Buildings.
(G. Collier.) .

8. Model of negro house.

g. Model of Benab on sand reef. (J. Rod-
way).

to. Model of Guiana cottage. (A. Quliing-
ford.)
_ 1. Ditto, Georgetown water-works. (A. Cul-
ple (Eugenia Jambos). (27) Tamarind | \‘ngford.)
amarindus Indica). (28) Awarra (Astrocaryon | 12. Ditto Country shop.

uch manuals, so admirable in inatter, arrangement, and ‘ype, were never before given to the world at the same moderate prices,'—Speviutur,
THH SPHOCIAL ATTENTION OF THE PUBLIC IS DIRECTED TO

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(
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: ). (26)

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_ 4, 8t. Paul's Churchyard, E.¢, i

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JAMAICA,

Paant of the Antilles,” “ Brightest gom in the British diadem,” aro the terme which have
pobled the splendid island of Jamaioa in history. No groans of distrossed planters, no carping
discontented subalterns, can seriously damage its reputation for beauty and fertility. “The
nd of springs,” os ite familiar name imports, is 144 miles long and 49 broad, with a backbone
lofty mountains running its whole length, the highest poaks of whieh run up to 7,000 feet.
uch of the scenery is extremely beautiful. Can anything in thé world surpass the drive by
p const round the east end of the island, with the white-tleoked blue of the Oaribbean gleaming
wr the tops of waving cocoanut groves, and inland a far distant peep of the Blue Mountain
tak away behind the valleys and ridges of Portland? The unhealthiness of the climate is a
mple myth, the offspring of a disordered life and liver. No doubt there is intenso heat in the
‘lying districts. We thought Vere terribly parched and dry; but as a rule there is a balminess
the air for a good part of the day; and up on the hills one van gtadually ascend to a tempera-
te which requires a daily fire. The island contains 4,193 square miles, and is therefore about
6 size of Scmersetshire, Devon and Cornwall together, being the largest of our ingular
sessions in the West Indies. It is divided into three counties and fourteen parishes,

To Oliver Cromwell's vigour we owe Jamaica. Penn and Venables relieved: their mis-
mnaged expedition from lasting infamy by wresting Jamaica from the Spaniards, The English
ve held it ever since. In early days it was the centre of all the wealth and all the profligacy
the English buccaneers, ‘The earthquake and the pestilence bespoke the vengeance of

feaven on the recklessness and debauchery of Port Royal. The statue of Rodney, looking out
r Kingston Harbour, testifies to the relief which the great admiral brought to the Colony from
ench and Spanish attacks. A long and internecine war with the Maroons or escaped negroes
rasiated estates and homesteads. © Yet, amidst all, there grow up the aristocracy of British

hters—the “old time” men, as they are plaintivély called now. ‘Lhe very names of their
ates speak of the thronging hopes, realisations, and diappointmebts of that prosperous era.
he abolition of slavery, the equalisation of the sugar duties, were sudden blows from which
maica, like the rest of the West India Islands, is hardly yet recovering. With the decay of wealth
ne & certain decay of political strength; where the whole system was oligarchical, a govern-
it by an oligarchy, based on the British representative system, was in accordance with reason
én the old oligarchy tottered, agitators and jobbers got into the House of Assembly. In 1865
p riots for a moment recalled the rebellion of 1881-2. Ina panic, the House of Assembly was
luced to vote away its existence, Crown Government stepped in. Its results have lately
bu subjected to fierce attack ; but rio fair critic can deny that under it, in tho last twenty years,
piaica has made considerable strides towards reguining its place amongst British possessions.
1882 the matter of the Florence vote produced an agitation which ended in a reform of the
nstitution and @ partial restoration of the representative system. All friends of the Colony
'@ hailed this with pleasure, and look to the wisdom: and moderation of her elective Council
justify the concessions made by the Queen. wit #

Kingston, the capital of the island, with 40,000 icdtabitants, is situated on one of the finest har-
its in the West Indies, When, some twenty years hence perhaps, the Panama Canal is opened,
i land-locked water may become one of the great coaling stations of the world. Its probable
npetitor will be the harbour of Castries in St. Lucia, Kingston is the seat of Government,
bresidence of the governor being four miles out on the slopes of the hills. The old capital
mish Town is a picturesque but sleepy town some thirteen miles away, inland. There are

een ports of entry besides Kingston; St. Ann’s, Falmouth, and Savanna-le-Mar are the

i There are # number of good trunk roads, vastly improved of late, which make a regular
F excellent postal service practicable, ‘he telegraph is spreading over the island. A railway
ted and managed by government has lately been c: ded to points which will tap the richest

884 Jamaica,

— aeeeeereeareenmsteaata ttt COO Oe
districts, An effort was made by Sir J, P. Grant to introduce the Indian system of irrig
but the Rio Cobre works have so far been burden on the Colony, and the scheme for the
tion of the otherwise splendid plain of Vere has been completely damped. There is no do
much to be done still; but all credit is due to those who have done #0 much,
The agricultural lands fall iato two great divisions : the sugar estates to the south and
the pens or grazing farms, interspersed with pimento trees, to the north and west. Sugar is
greatest single industry of the island; its rum ia still the best in the world; no coffee can
that of the Blue Mountains; but low prices are draggling all those industries, and a gi
revolution has gradually been substituting a now economic system. The negroes, who have t
increasing in numbers with eome rapidity, are acquiring amall holdings, and making very good
of them. Much of the fruit is grown by these men, and fruit for the American market is fo
yearly a more important export. Mangoes — the prince of West Indian fruits, —o
bananas, and coconuts form the chief growth. A good deal of coffee is also grown by
but very little, we fancy, finds its way out of the country. Tobacco has been successfully gr
but the curing is a failure. On the heights of the Blue Mountains the Government Bota
Department, under Mr. Morris, has very successfully grown and cured cinchona ; but the ind
of quinine-producing can hardly be called a “ going concern” as yet. Tho pimentos of St.
give quantities of allspice. The trade in dye-woods is considerable, logwood and fustic b
the chief. The primeval forests of Jamaica have too generally disappeared, and forest c
vation is become a pressing question. There is still however great deal of woodland
hills, and some of the timber is fine, while the beauty of such woods as mahoe and ym
surpasses anything known to English cabinet-makers. In the capital there are three o|
factories; one for soap, one for matches, and, the most germane to the country, one o
for preserving fruits and turtle, The operations of the last in, particular are worthy of,
effort to improve them, while the room for improvement is considerable.
The future of sugar production depends on the breakdown of the continental b
system, together with improved process of manufacture. There are districts in Jamaica
stand behind none in the world. Two good usines in the Plantain Garden River would
become celebrated in the London market. Vere must have artificial irrigation before it can
A great deal of the soil in Jamaica has been overworked; therefore clumsy modes of cul
can no longer pay. On choosing situation and soil for each particular product, whether ¢
cocoa, tobacco, cinchona, much of the ultimate success will depend. Much happiness,
_moderate profits can still be secured in Jamaica, The days of vast fortunes are probably
but it is eo with most of the world.
The Colony finds its market as much in New York as Great Britain; though the most
communication is now with Southampton. A short time back the Atlas steamers, ul
subsidy, kept a regular communication with the States. It was thought that without a sul
the result would be the same, but the regularity of the service is lost. For the fruit
it is most important to preserve this regular communication, and there ehould be little dil
in arranging regular calls and ready cargoes. Eighteen days is rather a long journey for
to England; but the Royal Mail Company have steamers that can do the journey two or
days quicker, and the steamers of the future should reduce the time still further. fe
however, Jamaica can leave the future supply of the fruit market of Great Britain to thes
Colonies to the east of her,
Why do not people try Jamaica as a winter health resort? A voyage from the fogs @
Channel over a tropic sea has both romance and health. In December and January 000
complain of excessive heat; while in eighteen days you can leave winter behind &
sitting at night in a moonlit verandah, with the hum of the sugar-mill at work below, o!
daytime amongst the tropical flowers and trees, with humming birds flitting over the
Boganvillia. And there are no venomous snakes or dangerous beasts.

Jamaica, $85

EVES, ©. W., & CO.—Vriendship, oro
1886, 1867 (white), 1868, 1870, 1872, 1874, 1876,
1878, 1880, 1882, 1884, 1885; FOG, crop 1886.

LUSHINGTON, Col. F.—Conwwall L°
crop 1886,

GRIEZ, EUSTACE, — Blackheath W:
crop 1886; Blue Castle F.W.O, crop 1886,

HEAVEN, Dr. B. 8.—Golden Grove GG,
crop 1886,

RONALDSON, J. J.—Halse Hall 1M
crop 1886.

WARD, ©. L.—-Money Musk pMg> crop
1885 ; Greenwich BSp’ crop 1885,

Rum,

GORDON, C. H. W.—Lancaster estate,
crop 1885.

SEWELL, HENRY.—Hyde, crop 1885;
Steelfield, crop, 1885; Vale Royal, crop 1885 ;
Lottery, crop, 1885.

BARRETT, C. J. M.—Oxford, crop 1885,
GORDON, C. H. D.—Brace, crop 1885,

SHOMPRON, » Mra, B.—Cambridge, crop
88 .

RONALDSON, H. T.—Lodge (white)
a © crop 1885 ; Lodge (white) L, erop
885; Lodge >, crop 1886,

GENTLES, A. B.—Chester wo, crop | ,,.2ALBOT, Col—Worthy Park Lp, ciop
fo ,

VERLEY, LOUIS.—M, crop 1885; Ye
crop 1885; By’ crop 1885 (white); AA crop
1885 (white). 7

FARQUHARSON, J. M.—Tablo Rum,
©, 1885 ; ‘lable Rum ©, 1875,

FINZI, D., & CO.—One, five, ten, fifteen,
twenty, and thirty-one years old Rum,

WRAY & NEPHEW. -—Ten, fifteou, and
twenty-five years old Rum.

DESNOES, P., & SON Very old Run;
White Rum,

880,
STEWART, C. H.—Fontabella Wy crop

GORDON, J. W.—Georgia 795, crop

PROOTOR, Dr.—Brampton Bryan BB,
p, 1885 ; Bryan Castle pase crop 1885.
STIEBEL, GEORGE.—Lioyd’s §, crop
5,

STERLING, C. N.—Content ke, crop
6

KEMP, JAS. W.—Savoy ye, crop 1886.
OGILVY, WALTER. — Spring Estate
) ctop 1882 ; Spring Estate By4, erop 1885 ;
pewell ido. crop 1885; Hopewell (white)

Sugar.

VERLEY, LOUIS.—Bushey Park, Yo
Vacuum pan (white); Bushey Park ep’ vacuum

ee, (yellow); Ewings Caymanas, vacuum pan
SON, JAS.—Hordley Hy, crop | ite):
; Amity Hall 4 6 crop 1885; Hordley
crop 1864,
CPHAIL, J.—Tullock (white) Eq crop

; Tullock, Ea: crop 1886; Knollis Ke
1885,

VERLEY, LOUIS.—Mona, |My Musca-
vado; Whitney, Muscavado, 1885 crop.

VEN, Cc. W.—T. 8., Muscavado,
1886,
KEMP, J. W.—Savoy Wie Muscavado,

WARD, ©. 1—Greenwich g&p° Coutri-
ich [P, crop 1886; Bogue We, crop 1886, | fugal; Money Mush rig’ centrifugal.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London,
atch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty,

E CHEAPSIDE GOLD KEYLESS 2-PLATE LEVER, i 1
Be i. R, in strong 18-carat

crystal class
case, Jewelled in 13 n ce. The chea Watch ever produced £12, £1 , £21,
Lo or Half-Hunting cases, 215, £1g, £21, \o oes P , 5 218 £21 In

— ENG or an , yr iate.t KEYLESS ate a Hane TER,
assive full-s -carat Case, stron; urabie, For
for hi and esas » 9b, £90, 2908 extremes of climate Watch is invaluable,

VEN, C. W.—Y. S., crop 1886;

2c

$86 Jamaica,

teenies cnet
GRENAN, J.—Scven Plantations, Centri-| SANT, W. aod ag crop 1886 ; Lang
fugal. ley (settlers), crop 1886; Langley (in pareh
ment), crop 1886; fang (in. partehmen
settlers), ane 1886; Langley (in berry—-aettlen
crop 1886 ; Langley (in berry), erop 1886.

STEPHENS, J. A.—Radnor, crop 1886,

HEAVEN, Dr. B. 8.— Whitfield Hal,
crop 1886,

LOGAN, WALTER.—Manchestet (oil
settlers), crop 1886,

STHWART, RALPH A. — Sherwol
Forest, crop 1886; Sherwood Forest (pea berry),
crop 1886; Sherwood Forest (in marly
crop 1886,

WATSON, 8S. H.—Windsor Forest, 100g
2000 ft. aD crop 1885; Windsor Forest (pe

STIDBEL, GEO.—Lloyds, Centrifugal.
GRAY, J.—Worthy Park f» crop 1886,

Liqvnvrs, Ero.

SCHARSCHMIDT, 8. T.—Sweet Orange
a Seville Orange Spirit. Sweet Orange
ne.

WRAY & NEPHEW.—Orange Wine
(coloured), Orange Wine (white). Ginger
Wine Gsioure>. Ginger Wine (white). Pi-
ee Dram. Prane Dram, Bitters. Lime
uice,

DESNOES, P., & SON.—Ginger Wine
(white). Ginger Wine (coloured), Orange
Wine. Orange Juice. Fallernum, Bitters.
Peppermint Cordial. Aniseed Cordial, Pimento
Dram, Noycau. Parfait Amour. Rosolio,

berry), We crop 1885.
WYNNE, WALTER W.—Brokenhus

crop 1885; Brokenhurst (pea berry), crop 188
Brokenhurst (iu parchment), crop 1885; Broker
hurst (pea berry in pulp), crop 1885.

BOTANICAL DEPARTMENT.
(Liberian).

McLBAN, JOHN.—Clifton Mount, i
crop 1885; Clifton Mount (pea berry), aM
crop 1885.

WARD, C. J.—Petersfield, Wr R» crop 168)
Petersfield (pea berry), Wr’ crop 1885; Abi
Green, Ay crop 1885; Abbey Green (pa

Correr.

MACHAVERTY, Mrs.—Clydesdale, AM
crop 1886 ; Clydesdale, AA° (in parchment),
DAVIDSON, JOHN.—Sherwood Forest,
WR’ crop 1886; Sherwood Forest, Rh (in
husk), crop 1886; Sherwood Forest, Ha (in
parchment), crop 1886; Sherwood iorest, Wk
(pea berry), crop, 1886.

HARRISON, JA8.—Hordley (Liberian),
crop, 1885.

GOSSET, TRELEAVEN, & CO.—
Portland Gap, crop 188°.

SABONADINRH, . A.—Artully, d\
crop 1884-1885; Arntully, ¢} (in parchment),
crop 1884-5; Arntully ¢) (dried in cherry),
crop 1884-5.

LOGAN, W. C.—Golden Spring (Settlers),
crop 1884-5; Ewings Caymanas, ee

WILSON, GEORGE. — Witney Estate
Settlers); Witney Hstate, grown at 1000 to
000 feet, crop 1885.

oo A. W.—The Cottage, crop

berry), i’ crop 1885.
TAYLOR, ©. R.—- Groves, St. Thome

crop 1885; Groves, St. Thomas (in parched}
crop 1885; Groves, St, ‘Thomas (in chert)
crop 1885,

ROBERTS, Rev. J. 8. — Rose Iq
(Mocho), ty crop 1885; Rose Hill (in par
ment), By’ crop 1885; Prospect, fh: cf
1884-5; Prospect (pea berry), utp crop 1884
Prospect (pea berry), HP crop 1886 ; Prosp
(No. 2), HP crop 1886; Prospect (No. 1), f
crop 1886; Prospect (No. 8), BP crop 18
Prospect (in cherry), HP crop 1886 ; Kore?
(in chorry), pity? crop 1886 ; Rose Hill &
perty), ty? erop 1886; Rose Hill (No. Df
crop 1886; Rose Hill (No. 2), dy crop 18
Rose Hill (No. 8), iy’ crop 1836; iow I
aly crop, 1884,

BAKER, Captain,—l'weedsido(in parch-
ment), crop 1885; T'weedside, crop 1885.

RONALDSON, BH. T.—Park Mall, pf,
(pea berry), erop 1886; Park Hall, phy crop
1886,

om 1886 ©*®, crop 1884; Ordinary, ©5,

DESNOES & SON, P.—Mount Cresscs,
crop 1884,

Prexto.—Crop 1885.
BERESFORD & GOSSET. — Bamboo

en.
oes, RICHARD.—Southfield; Lilly-
eld,

DAVIDSON, JOHN.—Bolle Vue, BY.
ELLIOTT, EB, C.—Whitney.
STENNETT, MI88.—Liberty Hill,
THOMPSON, J. B. R.—Beville.
CALDER, C. M.-—Seville.

BAILLIE, J. P.—Seville.

PIERCE, W.—Oldsbury.

PALDEN, EB. 8.—

MASSEY, GEORGE.—Middleton.

BRANDAY, GEORGE L.—Middleton ;
iddleton, @8-

Annarro.—-Crop 1885,
KEMBLH, A. W.—The Cottage.
LAZARUS, A. 8., & CO.—The Cottage,
PRIEST, H.—The Cottage.

BAILLIE, J. P.—The Cottage.

STURRIDGE, F. B.—Union Hill: pre-
itate, natural, seed with lard, ‘washings,
unatto and Olive Oil. Annatto Petroleum,
hatto and Paint Oil, painting on plate.
hatto and Olive Oil, painting on plate.

GRAY, J.—Worthy Park.
DESNOES, P., & SON.

OSTBR, M. H, & T. A, Bogue.—
ny, Logwood, Fustic, Braziletto, Fustic
Logwood Root,

letoria

Jamaica.
een ge
BRANDAY, L. GEORGE. — Good SCHARSCHMIDT.—Red Muskwood,

387

.

BOTANICAL DEP

JAMAICA.—Lignum Vitw Prickl Yeo
OCashaw, Yellow Candlewood, Toke, Red Bule
Heart, Guava, Yellow Sanders, Calabash, Ebony,

Ginep, Iron Wood, Logyood, Fustic, Fiddle-
wood, Bitter Wood.

ROBERTS, Rev. J. 8,—Tacca
Tron Wood Saplings. ected

BOTANICAL DEPAR _—
Camphor Wood (No. 3), Cam Wood (No, 4),
Wild Cinnamon (No, 2), Prickly Yellow,

Woods in Polished Sections with Natural Bark:

BOTANIOAL DEPARTMENT, —
Lignum Vitm (dark) (Guaiacum officinale), Lig.
num Vite (light) (Quaiacum mg weed Candle
Wood (Cassia emarginata), Yellow Sanders (two)
(Buceda capitata), Logwood ( two) (Twmatoaylon
campeachianum), Fustic (Maclura tinctoria),
Bitter Wood (Peerwna excelsa), Cam Wood (Ba-
phia nitida), Prickly Yellow (Xanthoxylon Clava-
Hercules), Oalabash (Crescentia cu jite), Cocoanut
(Cocos nucifera), Camphor Wood three) (Cinna-
momum eamphora), Cork Wood (two) (amona
palustris), Ebony (Brya ebenus), Wild Cinnamon
(Canella alba), Scarlet Cordia (Cordia sebestana )
Hog Gum (two) (Moronobea coccinea), Quassia
be es (Quassia amara), Beech (Exostemma ea-
ribbwa).

GEORGE & BRANDAY. ~ Pimento

(Pimenta vulyaria),

Woods én Polished Slabs.

TRELBAVEN, C. W., Bogue Estate,
St, Eligabeth.—Green Heart Ebony, Fustie,
Noseberry Bully Tree, Gallementa, Wild ‘Tama-
rind, Dog Wood, Pigeon Wood, Marden Plum,
Rose Wood, Yellow Sanders, Log Wood, Yellow
Candle Wood, Black Heurt Ebony, Bully Tree,
Mammee Bully Tree, Mahogany, Brazeletto
Cassada, White Candle Wood, Mahoe, Wild
Orange, Red Wood, Wild oy Pimento,
Fiddle Wood, Bastard Bully Tree, Bread Nut,
Log Wood, Grape Wood,

TURNBULL & MUDON, ton.
—Mahogany, Yacca, Mahoe, Satin Wood, Grey
Sanders, Maiden Plum, Yoke, Lance Barx, Dog

Wood, Braziletto, Mahogany Root, Common
Cedar,

EXHIBITION PERFUMERY.
ET WATER.
LET WATER.
FLORAL GARLAND, } Fragrant Products ct

the Handkerchief.

oO a a bah gee a Pine fH when a vores With Atitralfas Eucalyptus arm

From 2/6 per bottle,
all prepared from the

the West Indies.

| 96 STRAND, 120 REGRNT STREET, ane 20 CoRnwnHILz, LowDoON,

2c2

36a |

gany, Ebony, Mahogany Root, Rosewood, Red
dle Wood, Red Bullet Tree, Fustic, Bread
Nut, Fiddle Wood, Cog Bully Tree, Mahogany
Root, White Candle Wood, Blue Mahoe, Beech,
Green Heart.

Woods in Trimmed and Polished Blocks.

PAWSEY, ALFRED, Kingston.—
Mountain Fig, Prickly Yellow, Locust, White
Dog Wood, White Bullet Wood, Prune, Timber
Sweet Wood, Grey Sanders, Broad Leaf, Dog
Wood, Brazilettv, Bread Nut.

BOYS’ REFORMATORY (THE),
Stony Hill.—Fiddle Wood, Mahogany, Makoe,
Black Heart Ebony, Yacca, Pnckly Yellow,
Cocoanut, Wild Orange, Spanish Elm, Satin
Wood, Calabash Juniper Cedar, Pimento, Yel-
low Sanders.

Woods in Small Polished Slabs from the Parish
of Clarendon.

ELLIOTT, ERNEST C., Vere.—Ants
Wood, Beef Apple, Birch, Braziletto, Black
Bully Tree, Broad Leaf, Naseberry Bully Tree,
Bullet Tree, Wild Bitter Wood, Barbary Bull
Tree, Break Axe, Bread Nut, Bitter Wood,
Blood Wood, Braziletto, Beach, Black Ashes,
Box Wood, Big Family, Cog Wood, Cedar,
Dago, Dog Wood, Black Ebony, Green Heart
Ebony, Wild Fiddle Wood, Wild Fustic,
Fiddle Wood, Fustic, Black Fig, Galementa,
Gutter Wood, Wild Guava, Grand Gini, Wild
Ginep, Grape, Guava, Guava, m., Gum Wood,
Tame Guava, Small Leaf Grape, Broad Leaf
Grape, Green Heart, Bastard Cedar, Calabash,
Calabash (mountain), Red Candle Wood, Wild
Candle Wood, White Candle Wood, Cherry
Tree, White Cog Wood, Darrant Cedar, Cubla
Naney, Wild Cinnamon, Candle Wood, Cashaw,
Chink Wood, Damgon, Dog Wood (mountain),
Mountain Guava, Mahogany, Mountain Ebony,
Milk Wood, Wild Mahoe, White Mahogany,
Marden Plum, Mango, Mammee, Mammee
Sapote, Wild Mahogany, Maroon Lance, Musk-
mellon, Musk Wood, Mountain Mahoe, Wild
Orange, Seville Orange, Wild Olive, Hog
Doctor, Wild Hog Doctor, Iron Wood, White
Tron Wood, Jack Fruit, Jomter, Lablah, Lance
Wood, Log Wood (mountain), Log Wood, Log
Wood Root, White Lance Wood, Wild Locust,
Bastard Lignum Vite (mountain), Bastard Lig-
num Vite, Wild Pomegranate, Prune, Prick!
Yellow (see), Parrot Wattle, Pasture Wood,
Pimento, Pear Tree, Wild Pear Tree, Prickly

LUXURIOUS EASY CHAIRS AND DIVAN

MANUFACTURED BY

HOWARD & SONS
95, 26, & 27, BERNERS STREET, LONDON,

Jamaica.

is Sin

Yellow, Prickly Yellow Root, Red Rod Woot,
White Rod Wood, Rose Wood, Rose Apple
Rosin, Wild Sour Sop, Spanish Elm, Wild
ag Elm, Pepper Sweet Wood, Beley Sweet
Wood, Timber Sweet Wood, Long-leaved Sweet
Wood, Savannah Barlary, Slug Wood, Slug
Sweet Wood, Silver Wood, Salt Wood, Satin
Wood, Wild Spanish Olive, Stock Fish, Small
Leaf, White Tamarind, Red Tamarind, Bustarl
Tamarind, Turkey Berry, Thatch Wood, Vo
nilla, Wattle Wood, Yellow Sanders, Yellov
Sanders (mountain), Yoke Wood, 'Tacca.

SPIcEs.
MAJOR, Dr., Bath.—Nutmegs.
BOTANICAL DEPARTMENT. -

Nutmegs in solution.

BAILEY, W. M.—Jamaica Peppers:—
Yellow Scotch Bonnet; Red Scotch Bonnet;
Bird; Yellow Sweet. Jamaica Coral.

BOWREY, J. J.—Bilimbi (Averrioa li-
limbi). Guava.

Mears, Starcues, {c.

Whitney Affoo Yams, Whitney Caco, Whit.
ney Bread-fruit, Whitney Pumpkin.

HART, JOHN.—-Sweet Potato Starch.

GRAY, J., Worthy Park. — Arrow.
Starch. Arrowroot (Indian) Starch. Tous Ie
Mois Starch.

GOVERNOR OF JAMAICA It
STITUTE.—Arrowroot Starch.

Dye Woops.
FARQUHARSON, J. M., Elein.—
wood, Fustic, Sappau.

Cacao.

TAYLOR, W. 8., Alpha Cottage.
Cacao.

soa): aura JOHN, Belle Vue.
Cacao 7p:

LOGAN, W., Golden Spring.—
(washed and clayed). Cacao (fermented
washed).

SANT, W., Langley.—Cacao (fermet
and washed).

BRANDAY, GEORGE i.
5, (ordinary),

COHEN, F.—Cacao, Cambian Plantation
BURKE, EUSTACE G.—Cacao, Butees.

— Cacao

MISCELLANEOUS,

Leaves, Moun-
Sugar Bark
Fibre. Leaves of Eucalyptus Globulus. Leaves
Antidote Cacoon.
lection of Cinchona Barks. Silk Cotton,

ROBERTS, Rev. J. 8.—Coca Leaves.
oca Leaves (2nd quality),

INSTITUTE OF JAMAICA, —
arambe = (Averrhoa Carambola). {

Avocado Pear.
Akee, Akee.
BOTANICAL DEPARTMENT, —
og Plum. Maté or Paraguay Tea. ‘Turmeric
mwder, African Oil Palm Seeds. Avia
ubber Seeds. Jamaica Walnut. Para Rubber
eds, Cacoon Seeds. Starch from stem of Sago

. Betel Nut Secds, Kuskus Grass Root.
hnamon, Cinnamomum Cassia.
mon Bark. Chewstick. Sarsaparilla Poots,

POVERNORS OF JAMAICA IN-
D

»— Yams,

RCBERTS, Rev. L. 8.—Kola Net.

Horse Bean. Nickar Seed.

Jamaica.
VERLEY, JAMES.—Vinegar.

Park. — Water
painted in oils,
amr
&e.). Calabash, painted. Cashew Gum. Locust
Tree Gum,

INSTITUTE
Back Combs.
Dressing Comb.

of Cuff Bracelete,
Pair of Amber Shell Cu Bracelets. Shell
Brequet.
Knife,

Earrings.
and Studs.
Salt Spoons.

from Dagger Plant.
front Dagyer Plant.
Plant.
Plant.

#-plate lever, chronometer balance,

889

BOTANICAL DEPAR' _—
Stems of Common Bamboo. Stems of China
Eamboo, Stems of Solid Bamboo, Stems of
Wild Cane. Stems of Wild Cane. Stems of
Indian Cane. Stemsof Ground Rattan. Water
Buckets from bamboo stem.

DESNOES & SONS, P.—Honey.

STAMP OFFICE. — Card of Revenue
Stamps.

POST OFFICE.— Card of Post Cards,
Telegram Form, and Stamps.

GENERAL PENITENTIARY (THE).
—Door Mat of cocoanut fibre. Whitewash Brush
of cocoanut fibre. Horse Brush of cocoanut fibre,
Pair of Shoe Brushes ‘of cocoanut fibre. Coat
Brush of cocoanut fibre, Cocoanut Fibre. Staff.

Rulers. Whatnot Table. Hats. Wooden
Tubs. Wooden Piggins. Chess Table. Pair
of Boots. Bitter Gourd.

Fancy ARTICLEs.

HENDRICH, Mrs. T., Richmond
Monkey of Jamaica pottery,
Flower Pot, painted in oils
Flower Pot, painted in oils (lily,

Woman’s Tongue Gun,
BANCROFT, A. C.— Wall Baskets of

Yppi-Appa.

MARTIN, Miss M. R.—F ancy Baskets.
MAJOR, Mrs.—Fem Souvenir of Jamaica.
STEPHEN, SAMUEL. —Carved Cala-

dashes,

GOVERNORS OF THE JAMAICA
(2HE).—Tortoise Shell Work.
Dressing Combs. Gentlemen’s
Dressing Case Comb. Pair

Pair of Hand Bracelets.

Back Combs. Pocket Comb. Paper
Brooch. Pair of Bal! Amber Shell
Set of Amber Shell Sleeve Buttons

Pair of Pins, Amber Shell Cross,

HARRISON, Miss E.—Pineushion made

Watch Pockets (2) made
Hat (2) made from Dagger
Fern Albums (2) made. from Dagger

WATCH. For Medicai, Scientific, and

and jewelled in 13 actions, A

E CENTRE SECONDS HALF-CHRONOMETER STOP
and Racing

fully jewelled, with or without the

890 Jamaica.

ene

. HENDRIOCH, Mrs.—Calabash painted lum, Cocoanut Grove, Cascade, Roaring#

(2). Set of d'Oyleys made from Taco bark and an Cascade of the Roaring River. Viaduct,

camaisa ferns, Eivaston Extension. Dam Head Irrigation
Works. Hamstead Estate, Trelawny. Rio

Frengs.
BOTANICAL DEPARTMENT, — Cobre, Spanish Town. Landovrey Falis. Band

Bas Fibre from bark of Mahoe. Bas Fibre from | of the Ist W. I. Regt. Dining Hall, Lunatic
bark of Burn-nose tree. Asylum, Kingston. Male Recreation Cow,

Lunatic Asyl i i tes
CrNcHoNA. unatic Asylum, Kingston. Male and Fe

Dormitories, Lunatic Asylum, Kingston. Mak
HEAVEN, Dr. B.8., Whitfield Hall. Infirmary, Lunatic Asylum, Kingston. Le
—Tronk Bark (C. mee ype Trunk Bark (C.| House, Superintendent’s Quarters, Span

sucetrubra). Twig Bark'(C. officinalis), Branch

Town. Leper’s House, Ward and Recreatia
and Twig Bark (C. succirubra). Root Bark (C. | Shed, Male Division. Public Hospital, King
succtrubra). Root Bark (C. officinalis). Pubii

ton (200 beds), Male Ward, Front.
BOTANICAL DEPARTMENT.—c. | Hospltal, ‘Kingston (200 pote) 200 bed
calésaya. ©. hybrid. C. officinalis. C. cali-

Side. Public Hospital, Kingston (200 beds
cara, C. ledgeriana, Howard’s Ledger Bark, Operition Theatze snd Ward :
C. succiyubra, Root Bark.

Views, Ere.

TUCKER. The Rev. BARTON, Port
Royal.—Fort Augusta, Corner of Provision °
Ground. Garrison and Point—Port Royal.
Near Kingstown, from Port Royal. View in
Public Gardens. View of Interior of May Pen.
Group of Bamboos. Tavernor. Cabbage Pulm.
Date Palm. Cocoanut Palms. Up in the Hills.
Red Hills Village under Bull Head. In the
Grounds, King’s House. Port Royal from
Craigton.

GOVERNORS OF THE JAMAICA
INSTITUTE (THE). — Photograph —
Craigton Church. Port Royal. Bog Walk.
Mandeville. Ivish Town, Port Royal Mountains.
Lucea. Roaring River Bridge, St. Anne’s.
Cotton Tree, up Park Camp. King’s House,
Spanish Town. River Head. Village, Stewart
own. Pert Maria. Fern Walk. Harbour
Street, Kingstown. T. S. Fales. Up Park
Camp Ist. W. L. Regt. Barracks.

\ Oms.
SCHARSCHMIDT, 8. T. — Pomil
Tubcrose, Pomade Jasmine. Extracts of Bu
plandia, Wild Cinnamon, Bernilla, Jasmine a
Lily, Jasmine, Muskwood (red), Rosewood, T
giereue, Verbena. Essential Oiis of Lem
Sweet Orange, Seville Orange, Pimento Berra
Pimento Leaf. Fixed Oil of Ben Nut, Peg
1885; Pear, 1884; Walnut.

nut Oil.

GRAY, J., Worthy Park.—Exsenii
Oil of Seville Orange, Citron, Limo.

Essential Oi) of Mountain Cigar Bush, }
Gum, Seville Orange Seed, Cigar Bush, Lom
Grass, Cigar Bush, Juniper Cedar, Mountay
Thyme, Pimento Leaves, Oil of Ben, Coconut
Oil, Spanish Walnut, Sand Box, Sante Mary
Matter of Annatto. Fat of Antidote
Cinhcona febrifuge. Annatto Seeds.

Duke Street; Kingston. Strawberry Hill,
Mountain Residence. New Castle. Mad Calf} BELL, VALENTINE G., MIC!

Statue. New Castle. Mandeville, Brooks’ | Chief Resident Engineer Jamaica ¢
Hotel. Bog Walk. Road to New Castle. vernment Railway.— High Speed
King’s House, Residence of Governor. Bog Engine. Invented by Exhibitor, and mil
Walk. Bog Walk. Montego Bay. Black | factured in the Railway Workshops, Kings"
River, Court House. Bog Walk, Lunatic | Jamaica. 4

Gy

( 391)
Serre errata

TRINIDAD.

TarxmaD is the most southern of the chain of islands lying between the Atlantic Ocean and the
Caribhesan Sea, It is situated to the eastward of Venezuela, between 10° 8’ and 10° 50’ N.
atitude, and 61° 39’ and 62° of W. longitude from Greenwich, and has an area of 1,754 square
milés,
It was on Trinity Sunday (31st July, 1496) that Columbus, then on his third voyage, first
sighted the island, to which, when taking possession of it in the name of the Sovereigns of Spain,
he gave a name at once commemorative of the dato of its discovery and indicative of the Faith of
Bits discoverers,

For nearly a century subsequent to that eventful day the history of the island is involved in
obscurity. Tho little that is known is contained in the chronicles of the Dominican monks who

companied the Conquistadores, and presents but little of interest to general readers,

Tn 1584, or thereabouts, Don Antonio de Berro y Oruia, the founder of Spanish Guyana,
made Trinidad his headquarters and built tho city of San José de Orniia, about. six miles from
the coast of the Gulf of Paria. This town (which remained the capital of the island until a few
years before its capture by the British) was burnt by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1595,

From that date until 1781 the Colony can hardly be said to have made any progresa, ag the
lowing data will prove. é
In 1733 there were but 162 male adults in the island, and of these only 28 were whites.
This return does not include either the Indians or the slaves, The Revenue of the Colouy wag
231 dollars—not quite £48 sterling,
In 1781 M. Roume de St. Laurent, a French planter of Grenada, when on a visit to the
and, was struck with its extraordinary resources, and he conceived a plan for inducing foreign
mmigrants to settle in the Colony, a thing hitherto prohibited by the law of Spain, and went,
st to Caracas and subsequently to Madrid to obtain for his scheme the sanction of the Spanish
movernment. In this he was successful, and in N ovember, 1783, what was called a “ Cedula” of
population was signed by the King of Spain. The carrying out of this important measure was.
trusted to Don José Maria Chacon, who was destined to be the last of the Spanish Governors
pf Trinidad. Its immediate result was a great influx of population from the old French Islands, -
9 which afew years later a fresh impetus was given by the events in those Colonies which were
paused by the French Revolution.
The following figures will give some idea of the great changes which were brought about by
he Cedula of 1783. In that year the population of the Colony consisted of :-—

Whites . e « ° e e e ° . ° 126
Free coloured . . ° . . e ° ‘ ° 295
Slaves . e . * . e . . e . 310
Tadians > e . > * e . . ° . 2,082

Total ', » » 2,768
Fourteen years later, in 1797, the population was thus classified :-—

Whites . 7 e . o 7 e e e ° 2, 1 5 1
Free coloured . ‘ ° R ‘ p P ‘ . 4,474
Ind ians ° . ¢ . e se e o e ° 1 > 078
Slaves . © . e c) ° as e © . 1 0,0 00

Total 17,712

Previous to 1788 the whole trade of the island had been carried on by one small vessel of
bout 150 tons burthern, which came two or three times a year from the Dutch Islané of St

892 Trinidad,

en a RR I A
. Eustatius with such articles as were needed by the colonists, and for which they bartered j
return cacao, vanilla, indigo and cotton.
4 Between 1784 and 1797 the average yearly tonnage was from 7,000 to 8,900 tons, and in 189
it rose to 15,000 tons. (The total tonnage entered and cleared at the ports of the Colony in 188)
was 1,069,121 tons.)
It was early in 1797 that the capture of Trinidad was effected. On the 16t!, February
that year a fleet of 16 vessels, carrying 740 guns, under the command of Admiral Harvey, sailed
into the Gulf of Paria. In addition to this formidable force there were on board 6,750 troo
under Sir Ralph Abercromby.
There were in the harbour four Spanish vessels, carrying 258 guns, and having on boar
700 troops. The crews of these vessels, as well as the troops, were however so reduced by feve
as to be of little use to the small garrison which Chacon had at his command, and af
a few shots had been exchanged he surrendered, the capitulation being signed on the followin
day.

Sir Ralph Abercromby appointed Lieutenant-Coloncl (afterwards the famous Sir Thoms)
Picton to be the first English Governor of Trinidad, a difficult and dangerous post, which hy
filled for six years with great advantage to the Colony.
Trinidad was finally ceded to Great Britain at the Treaty of Amiens, but not without gre
opposition on the part of Napoleon, then First Consul, who saw the immense advantage to
commercial nation like Englund which would accrue from the possession of an island which, fron
its geographical position, could command the trade of the great rivers of South America, ani
possessing a harbour in which could ride in safety throughout the year the mercantile fleets d
the world. A slight notion of what this trade might be may be formed from the fact that duriy
the first five years after the capture of the island articies of British manufacture to the value «
1,000,000 dollars were sold annually by the merchants of Trinidad to the traders from Venezueh
alone, This was the recognized trade, but a far larger one was carried on clandestinely, asi
proved by the fact that Colonel Picton reported to the Secretary of State that Spanish launcha
annually carried away from Trinidad articles of British manufacture to the value of 8,000,00)
dollars.

Unfortunately for Trinidad the fears of the future Emperor of the French were not realized,
and Trinidad was fated to be looked upon by British statesmen merely as a sugar-produciy
Colony.

It was even placed at a disadvantage in that respect, passing as it did under British rule ju
at the moment when tke eloquence of Wilberforce and his followers was awakening men’s mini
to the iniquities of the African slave trade, and it was therefore decided to treat the newl
acquired Colony as a field of experiment in which should be tried the proposed innovations upw
the Colonial system.

In spite of this, Trinidad, under its varicus Governora—and especially under the fim
and enlightened rule of Sir Ralph Woodford, which lasted from 1813 to 1829—progpered ani

Like all the other British Colonies, it suffered from the results of Emancipation, and
brought to the verge of ruin jn 1844; Lord Harris, who was then Governor of the Colony, fell
that nothing but prompt and energetic measures could save it. .Coolie immigration had just bea
commenced, but it wag by his exertions, ably seconded by.Mr. C. W. Warner, O.B., tha
Attorney-General of the island, that thig impprtant measure was pressed on and the systet
firmly established. It has continued until the present day, and although not unattended wil
serious «difficulties, has undoubtedly been of inestimable benefit to the Colony. That whi
however, has saved Trinidad, more particularly of late years, from the disastrous results of th
low prices of the principal West Indian product, is the fact that it does not depend upon oni
branch of industry alone.

Sugar i is, of course, the chief staple, and when that suffers all, other, industries feel the effects
but owing to the bold and enlightened co course pursued by, Sir Arthur Gordon when Governor ¢
this Colony from 1867 to 1870 an impetus was given to the cultivation of cacao and other mine
industries by calling into legal existence a body of small proprietors who had hitherto bea!
mere squatters. Inspite of the pre udice which exists in all tho Colonies formerly cultivate

.

Trinidad. "893
slave labour ageinst the opening up of Crown Jands to small owners, the policy inaugurated
Art'.ur Gordon and carried on by his successors has held its own, and the consequence has
that during the recent hard times the middle and lower classes have barely felt the pressure.
trade with the Spanish Maim, though by no means so flourishing as it ought to be, has also
of great assistance to the Colony, and served to maintain its credit.
It may fairly be predicted that as*Trinidad becomes better known its wonderful resources will
tilized, and possibly another Roume de St. Laurent may be found to repeat the experiment
was so successful 100 years ago.
In spite of its situation, the climate of Trinidad is healthy and not in the least} injurious
peans, provided always that they will take ordinary precautions and be abstemious in
rhabite. The mean temperature may be stated at 76° Fahrenheit during the cool season
79° Fahrenheit in the hot season. Its goil ig extremely fertile and suited to various kinds of
ivation. Sugar and cacao are its staples ; coffee is also cultivated, and, were there but a
ient labouring population, would, as well as tobacco, become of great value to the Colony,
uts are also largely grown, and were it not for the scarcity of labour would be extremely
e

The total area of Trinidad is about 1,120,000 acres, Of this, according to the assessment of
there are :—

Ss ee Acres,

Cultivated in sugar cane . ° e ° ° . - 52,150
Do, cacao and coffee . . ‘ q » 21,279

Do. ground provisions . . ° . - 16,986

Do. eocoanuts . . ° . . . » 2,885
Total incrop . e . - 93,800

Pasture . ; . : . , . ° ° - 6,108
Uncullivated . ° < : ‘ > ; . ~ 154,102

Total alienated . 5 . - 253,511

the census of 1881 the population was ascertained to be 153,128,
he importance of the Colony may be estimated from the number of steamers arriving at it
all parts of the world, and of which there are now :—

per month,

The Royal Mail steamers 4 ° . ‘ ° m «fk

Do. cargo boats. ‘ . ° ‘ ° 2
Compagnie Générale Transatlantique ‘ : . ‘ 2
West India and Pacific Line . ‘ ‘ . ‘ ‘ 2
Harrison Line. . i ° . ° . . 1
Joseph Hoult (of Liverpool) . Pp 4 ° . 1
London Direct Line . ‘ : . . . 4
Clyde steamers . . . : ‘ : ‘ |
Quebec and Gulf . . ; ; 3 i v8
Atlantic and West Indian (American) ; ‘ ‘ . 3
Venezuelan . > . ° > ° ° . . . 4

Revenue and Expenditure for the last five years has been :—
Revenue, Expenditure,
ES ee ae RR Oe
1882, : : é . 437,383 . ° ‘ 441,198
1888. ‘ ‘ . - 458,344 . ° ‘ 464,430
1884 , . . . - 476,058 , ‘ . 471,190
w8. PS ° + 429,307 , . P 448,920

394

Imports. Exports.
18sl_ « . « £2,226,276 . ° £2,099,101
1882 . . . ° 2,399,794 .» ¢ + 2,452,033
sss ° . e 2,663,022 . ° 2,686,670
Iss , ’ . ° 8,083,870 ° « 2,769,727

1885

Crass 1,

Sucar Morasses, Rum, Liqvevnrs, Brrrers, &c.

TURNBULL, STEWART, & CO.,| MESSRS.—Brechin Castle Estate. M

MESSRS.—Caroni Estate. White Crystals.

BURNLEY, MR. W. F. — Orange
Grove Hstate. White Crystals.

TURNBULL, STEWART, & CO.,
MESSRS, —Brechin Castle Estate.
Crystals.

AMBARD, A., & SON.—st Augustin |

Estate. White Crystals (2).

LAMONT, MR. J.—Palmiste Usine. ee
Crystals (2).

BURNLEY, MR. W. F.—Orange Grove |

Estate,

AMBARD, MESSRS. -A., & SON.—St.
Augustin Estate. Yellow Crystals.

LAMONT, MR. J.—Palmiste Usine.
Yellow Crystals (2).

TURNBULL, STEWART, & CO,,
MESARS —Rrechin Castle Estate, Yellow
Crystals,

BURNLEY, MR. W. F.—Orange Grove
Estate. Yellow Crystals.

AMBARD, MESSRS. A., & BON.—-Sh.
Augustin Estate. Yellow Crystals.

AMBARD, MESSRS. A., & SON.—
Brechin Castle Estate. Yellow Crystals.

LAMONT, MR. J. -=- Palmiste Usine.
Yellow Crystals.

GREGOR, TURNBULL, & CO.,
MESSRS.—Caroni Estate. Molasses.

TURNBULL, STEWART, & CO,
MESSRS.-—Caroni Estate. Molasses.

BURNLEY, MR. W. ¥.—Orange Grove
Estate. Molasses,

Yellow Crystals (2).

F 2,241,478 ‘
And the Public Debt of the Colony on the 80th September, 1985, was £582,820.

| Muscovado,

WwW hite | Refining.

| MESSRS.—Brechin Castile Estate,
samples.)

Trinidad.
The value of Imports and Exports for the same period :—

a

2,246,664

LAMONT,
Molasses.

TURNBULL,

MR. J. — Palmiste
STEWART, &

LAMONT, MR. J.—Philippine

TURNBULL, STEWART, &
MESSRS.—Caroni Estate. Dark

MOLASSES.
TURNBULL, STEWART, &

BURNLEY, MR. W. F.—Orange
Estate. (Three samples.)

Roum.
White.

FRANCOIS, MR. B. D. —
samples. )

TURNBULL, STEWART, &
MESSRS.—Brechin Casile Esiate. (
samples.)

TURNBULL, STEWART, &
MESSRS.—Caroni Estate. (Three sam

RODRIGUEZ, MR. J. T. J
(Three samples.)
' Qoloured.

RODRIGUEZ MR. J.T, Jun.
samples.)

TURNBULL, STEWART, &
MUESSRS.—Caroni Estate. (Three

DEVENISH, MR. A.—Mount Pi
Estate. (Three samples.)

CLAUDIO DA COSTA, MR,
samples.y

Trini

Red.

FRANCOIS, MR. B. D.—Mazile at Usine
Madelaine, (Three samples.)

Old,

DEVENISH, MR. A.—Mount Pleasant
ate. (Three samples.)

FRANCOIS, MR. B.D.—Made at Usine
Madelaine. (‘Three samples.)

URNBULL, STEWART, & CO.,
BSSRS.—Brechin Castle Estate. (Three
mples.) 2

RODERIGUEZ, MR. J. T., Jun.—
hree samples.)

RODERIGUEZ, MR. J. T., Jun.—
bree samples, )

it ODERIGUEZ, MR. J. Ts Jun,—
hree samples, )

Liqururs.
RANCOIS, MR. B.
ink, (Three samples.)

YCOTS, MR. B. D.—Anisette.
liree sam ples, )

FRANCOIS, .MR. 8B. D. —- Shrub,
hree samples.)

FRANCOIS;

bree samples.)

FRANCOIS, MR. 3B. D. — Ratafia de
i. (Three samples.)

FRANCOIS, MR. B. D.—Ratafi, do
cao, (‘Three samples.)

SYRANCOIS, MR. B. D.—iatafia de
hile. (Three samples.)

D, — Leasure

MR. B. D. — Curaco,

FRANCOIS, MR. B. D.—Absinthe.
hree samples, )

SIEGERT & SONS, DR. J. G. B—
igostura Liqueur,

SIEGERT & SONS, DR. J. G. B—
egert’s Bouquet.

MORIN, MR.
iree samples.)

F.—Stamachio Shrub.

BIrrers.

weve tet dt Meda aN lt
tomatic or Angostura Bi

dad.

895

RAMSEY, MR. F. A.—The Trinidad
Aromatic Bitters. (Three samples.)

REECE, MR. RUPERT F. E.—Orange

Bitters. (‘Two samples.)

FRANCOIS, MR. B. D.—Tropical and
Vegetable Bitters of the West. (Three
samples.)

DUMMETT, MR. N. R.—Tere Bitters.
(Three samples.)

BUTTALLA & SON, MUSSRS, A.
—Amargo Eeesencial de Venezuela.

Crass 2

CACAO AND CHOCOLATE,

DE GANNES, MR. J. G.—San Jose
Estate. Specimen of Cacao,

KINDT, MR. L.—La Soledad Guamal
Estate. Specimen of Cacao,

WVOTOR, MR. J.— Grand Yal Bstate.
Specimen of Cacao,

ZEPECRO, MR. J. E.—San Francesco
Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

HARFORD, MR. FERDINAND.—
San Rafael Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

VOTOR, MR. LOUISE.—Mon Espoir
Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

DE GANNES BROS., MESSRS.—La
Compensation Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

BOUCAUD, MR. ADOLPHE. — La
Espectation Estate. Specimen of Cacao,

FABIEN & SON, MESSRS. CHAS. A.
—Mon Plaisir Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

AGOSTINI, MR. J. —
Estate. Specimen of Cacao,

WILLES, MR. RUFINO. —Gunapo
Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

DEHEPUTION & ROOTH, MESSRS,
Sans Souci Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

VERTEUIL, MRS. LOUISE DE.—
Maracas Bay Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

Monte Christo

CLEAVER, MR. CHAS.—Verdant Vale

Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

WEHEKIND, MISSES. — ta
Barbara Estate, Specimen re a

-

B96

TOMMASSI, MR. FRANCOIS.—Son
Patricio Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

LANGE, MR. EUG -—Mon Desir
Fatate. Specimen of Cacao, |
DE VERTEUIL, DR. L. A. A

Portuga Fstate. Specimen of Cacao,

MASSON,MR. EUGENE P.-—Esperanza
Estate, Specimen of Cacao,

ZEPERO, MR. J. P.—Santa Rita Estate,
Specimen of Cacao,

FABIEN & SON, MESSRS, CHAS, A.
—RBelle Vue Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

WEHEKIND, MR. EUGEND.—San
Carlos de Caigual Estate. Specimen of Cacao.

GREGOIRE, MRS. JANE.—Belle Vue
Eatate, Specimen of Cacao.

ST. CLARE, MRS, SOUSANE.—Belle
Font Estate.. Specimen of Cacao,

MASSON, MR. EUGENE P.—
Esperanza Estate.

DEVENISH, MRS.—E1 Cedro Estate.

DURHAM, MR. G, H.—La Republica
Estate.

FABIEN & SON, MESSRS. Cc. A.—El
Retiro Estate.

FABIEN & SON, MESSRS, C, A.—
Belle Vue Estate.

FABIEN & SON, MESSRS, C. A.—
Mon Plaisir Estate.

FABIEN & SON, MESSRS, C. A.—
La Maravilla Estate.

SCHAEFFER, MR. JAMES.—Choco-
late Imperial.

SCHAEFFER, MR. JAMES.—Choco-
late Vanilla.

SCHAEFFEE, MR. JAMES.—Choco-
late Santé.

SCHAEFFER, MR. JAMES.—Cocoa,
pure unsweetened.

SCHAEFFER, MR. JAMES.—Coroa
Powder.

SCHAEFFER, MR. JAMES.—Choco-
late Powder.

VOTOR, MRS.—Plain Chocolate."
VOTOR, MRS,—Sweetoned Chocolate,

Trinidad,

| BOUCAUD, MR.—Plain Chocolate,
BOUCAUD, MR.—Sweetened Ch
PREAU, MRS,—Plain Chocolate,
PRBEAU, MRS.—Sweetened Chocolate,
GREGOIRE, MR., Jun,—Plain (

late.
GREGOIRE, MR., Jun,—Cocon Po

PIGEROUX, MR. H, F'.—Ch
(different varieties),

Crass 3.
Correr,

DEVENISH, A.—St. Luce Estate,
Specimen.

GREGOIRE, JANH.--St. Ann’s
One Specimen,

LA CROIX, HENRY. — Bello J
Estate. One Specimen,

DEVENISH, G. C,—
One Specimen.

DEVENISH, A.—St. Luce Estate,
Specimen,

CLAIRMONTE, A,
Estate. One Specimen,

VOTOR, J OSEPH,—Grand Val
One Specimen.

VOTOR, LOUISE.-—Mon Espoir Esta
One Specimen.

BAIRD, JOHN JAMES.—La Fu
Estate. One Specimen.

LA CROIX, ANTHONY.—Belle ¥
Estate. One Specimen,

ST. CLAIR, MRS. SUSANE.
font Estate. One Specimen.

El Cedro

N, — El Car

—Be

Cuass 4.

Foop Propucts (OTHER THAN THOSE
ENUMERATED).

ST, HILL, T. J.—(1) Twosam
Meal. (2) One sample Plantain

JOURDAN, MRS. LOUIS. — May
(1) Two samples Plantain Meal. (2)
sample Corn Meal.

OLTON, MESSRS. T. W. & 8.
Melrose Estate. Four samples Corn Meal.

les Tanni
eal,

re a ns ee

yples Cassava, Meal,

JOURDAN, MRS. LOUIS, — Mayaro.
ssample Bitter Meal.

oT. HILL, T. J.—(1) ‘wo samples Bitter
(2) 'I'wo samples Sweet Meal.

—One sample
ad Fruit,

. HILL, T. J.— Two samples Sweet
oe8 Meal,

, —One sample
u Meal.

| HILL, T. J.—One sample “ Tapioca”
n Bitter Cassava, =

OURDAN, MRS. LOUIS. —(1) One
ple Bitter Cassava Starch. (2) One sample
wroot Starch. (3) One sample Tous les
s Starch. (4) One sample Native Potato
h. (5) One sample Sweet Cassava Starch.
One sample ‘Tannia Starch, (7) One
ple Oreole Starch, (8) One sample Rice,

AILEY, THOMAS.—One sampic Rice.

—Oné sample
od Dried Ochroes,

—One sainple
bd Dried Bitter Cassava,

‘ —One sample
bil Dried Sweet Cassava.

» T.—Facangua. ‘Two bundles

fOTOR, JOSHPH.—Two bundles Corn

UMMETT, N. R.—(1) Two bundles
Cobs. (2) One bundle Indian Corn.
OTOR, J.—One bundle Indian Corn.

LTON, MESSRS. . W. & 8. R.—Two
8 Indian Corn.

REENIDGE, J. 8,—One bundle Indian

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65

ind useful Watch. £18, £21, £25.
8

ATCH. For Scientitic, and Racing

Trinidad,
REMY JEAN. — Two

) A fips
muble circle showing 24 o'clock, £25, £30, £36. : A

397

itiiialnibeaintaias pet i AT
OLTON, MESSRS, T. W. & 8. R.—One
bundle Indian Corn.

‘ DUMMBTT, N. R.--Two bundles Orange
eel.

CHITTENDEN, DR. J. F.—(1) One
bundle Meal of Moko Plantain. 2) One bundle
Sliced and Dried Plantain. (8) One bundle
Sliced and Dried Common Plantain. (4) One
bundle Meal of Common Plantain.

Preserven Frvrrs, Vecwraures, &e.

MANIGOT, MRS.—(1) Eight specimens
of Assorted Preserves, (2) Two Preserved
Oranges. (8) One Preserved Shaddock.

FORD, MRS.—(1) Two bottles Guava
Jelly. (2) Two bottles Guava Jelly. (8) Two
bottles Candied Shaddock. (4) ‘I'wo bottles
Candied Limes, (5) One bottle Tomato Jam.

DUMMETT, N. R.—T wo bottles Mammee
Apple Jelly.

TURNBULL, MRS. R. ~— (1) ‘Three
bottles Guava Jelly. (2) Three bottles Plum
Jelly. (8) Three bottles Mango Jelly. (4)
Three bottles Soursop Jelly. (6) Three bottles
Golden Apple Jelly.

8T. HILL, T. J.—(1) One bottle Tomato
Jam. (2) One bottle Mango Jam. (8) One
bottle Mammee Apple Jum. (4) One bottle
Tamarind Jam. (5) Oue bottle Tamarinds,
crystallized. (6) One bottle Tamarind Pre-
serve. (7) One bottle Orange Marmalade. (8)
One bottle Berry Marmalade. (8) One bottle
Guava Marmalade. (10) One bottle Sliced
Cocoanut Marmalade. ¢ 1) Onejbottle Sweet
Potato Marmalade. (12) Two bottles 'Tama-
rind Syrup. (18) One bottle Dried Ochroes.

HARLEY, O.—One bottle Dried Ochroes
(Convict Depot).

ARDILLA, P. J.— One bottle Native
Ginger.

HARLEY, 0.—One bottle Native Ginger,
FORD, MRS8. 8.—(1) Three bottles Cool

Pickles. (2) One {bottle Cool Pickles. (8)
Hour bottles Salamagundi Sauce. (4) Two,
bottles Pickled Bonny Peppers. (5) One

bottle Hot Sauce,
& 64, Cheapside, London.

atch, Clock, and J ewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

D KEYLESS CENTRE SECONDS STOP WATCH. For Medical, Scientific, and
ting Men, In stout 18-carat crystal case, $-plate lever, chronometer balance, and jewelled in 13 actions, A

KEYLE PLATE CENTRE SECONDS HALF-CHRONOMETER STOP
ord jeweled,

class Watch, fully with or without the ’

398

DUMMBTT, N. R.—-(1) Three bottles
Trinidad Relish. (2) Ono Peppers and
Vinegar.

URICH, MBSSRS. F., « SON.—One
specimen Cocoanut Meal.

LEGGH, R. B.— One specimen Cocoanut
Meal.

CARR, A. B,—(1) One bottle Cashew Nuts,
raw. (2) One bottle Cashew Nuts, roasted.

DUMMETT, N. R.—One bottle Cashew
Nuts, raw.

GREENIDGS, J. 8.—One bottle Dried | Oil

Peas,

HARLEY, O. — One bottle Dried Peas
(Convict Depot).
bs VOTOR, MRS, LOUIS.—One bottle Red
ens.

MORTON, REV. JOHN.—'T wo bottles
Dried Beans.

FABIBNT, MESSRS. C., & SON.—
Fotir bottles Raw Lime Juice,

ST, HILL, T. J.—Four bottles Raw Lime

Juice.

WUPPERMANN, A,—-F'our bottles Raw
Lime Juice.

STEVENS, P.— Your bottles Raw Lime
Juive,

FABIEN, C. A., & SON.—Threo bottles
Concentrated Lime J uice,

WUPPERMANN, A. — Three bottles
Concentrated Lime Juice.

STHVENS, P.—Citrate of Culcium.

DUMMETT, N. R.— One box Dried
Orange Peel.

MAISONNEUVHL,
Orange Peel.

JOURDAN, MRS. LOUIS.—One sample
Orange Peel,

DUMMETT, N. R. — One bottle Pul-
verised Orange Peel.

FABIEN, CHARLES.—Four specimens
Honey.

GALT, WILLIAM ¥F.—Three specimens
Honey.
" (PASSOS, J. DOS. — Twelve specimens
Honey.

WEABTEN, OBARLMB, — Native Bees

J. — One sample

Trinidad.

PASSOS, J. DOS.—Native Bees’ Wax,
VOTOR, JOSEPEH.—Cunella Burk.
ARDELA, P. J.—Canella Bark.

CiaAss 6.

Ors, Gums, Barks, &u,

URICH, MESSRS. F., & SON.--);
Jars Coconut Oil,

PR cuits ne cian R. B.—Four Jars Coo

POLLARD, MRS,—Four Jars”
1 .

ARDILLA, MR. J. P.—(1) Three
Crab Oil, (2) Three Jars Castor Oil.

FABIEN, MESSRS. C., & &
One Jar Essential Oil of Limos.

SCRIPPS, MB, A. 8.—(1) One Speci
ee Gum. (2) One Specimen I,
um,

GREENIDGD, MR. J. 8.— One I
Guinea Pepper.

ARPRDILLA, J. P., & D U ED
M. R., MESSRS,-—-Collection of Medici
Plants and Roots. (1) Bois Rose. (2) 8
Contra, (8) Native Sarsapariila, (4) Ke
Bois Bandé, (5) Cupanae. (6) Native Q
(7) 'Trabomon or Laquer Maccae. (8)f
nache, (9) Urquia. (10) Liane Tasso,
Manioe Chapelle. (12) Marigold. (18)
wood. (14) Lemon Grass, (15 Swort Bra
(16) Segre. (17) Cashew Bark. (18)
maul Seeds. (19) Fruita De Barro. |
Pumpkin Seeds, (21) Gully Root or §
Weed, (22) Guatamal. 23
Bark. (24) Mustard Seed. (25) Cassia
(26) Mangrove Root, (27) Ipecacuanha. (
Aniseed,

FRANCOIS, MR. AGOSTINI
Bottle Castor Oil Seeds,

ST, HILL, MR. T. J.~-One Bottle (i
Oil Seeds.

BUTLER, ARCHIBALD, MR.
One Bottle Castor Oil Seeds,

MAISONNEUVHE, MR. J.—One !
Castor Oil Seeds,

ARDILLA, MR. J. F.—'I'wo 3
Oastor Oil Seeds.

DUMMETT, MR. R. N.—One 3
Castor Oil Seeds,

FABIBN, MR. CHAS. A.—Spedi
Unmanufactuted Native Tobacco.

Ce ns ose

manufactu trom Native ‘Tobacco,

Tobacco,

mufactured from Native Tobacco,

ODE, MRS.~Two hundred Cigars
nfactured from Native Tobacco,

IMMETT, MR., NW. R.—One Bottle | fines
batho Mamm

ogre : Bark,

Woops,
DNV AN 8H, 8., RSQ, M.A, :—

Common Names,

San Rte en est eset

racl Acacta Aroma
Acoma or Mastic Acoma Acoma
Allspice or Pimento | Bois d’Inde Pimientillo
olin Angelin Lombricero
lata or Bullet tree Purgo

Palo de Acette

C. de Burro

Case

Lacre

Pan del ano
Carapo
Totumo

m Capivi

jovernor’s plum

G

Goyavier
Bois pois nvir
Mom!

ava
lickory (Trinidad)
. plum

Abricotier

ammee Apple
nchinee) Mancenfifer

ng) ove (buttor) Mangle botoncillo
okey Balata, Purgo 0
ore) Bones 3

uro

Trinidad.

jpop re pcre eens
PABIEN, MR. CHAS. A.—(1) Thirty! #1, HILL, M3. T, Fo, tumaiag Materials
xes of Brovas Cigars manufactured from | nine specimens. ®)

ive Tobaceo, (2) Twenty Boxes Regalias Mangrove Bark. ( (4)

| Plum, (6) Ohili Pham,
) Beisty Boxes Damas Oigars manufactured | (7) Guava, (8) Golden Apple.
m Nativ

cum,

CHRISTY,
8T, HILL, MR. T. J.—T'wo Boxes Cigars | church Street, B.0.—Trinidad

1) Myristica Surmamorosis, Nuts &
uaiacum Resin.
4) Aloes. (5) Guaiacum’ bark, * Kola
uts, fresh & dry, (7) Kola paste
» (8) Copalchi. (9) Eu
erb. (10) Guaeo herb.
osa Seed,
| Parthemium hysterophorum,
MR. R, B.—Specimen Red | (15) Cinchona Bark, (
, Several tropical plants,

English, | French, ‘| fd PUR |
|.

Mora excelsa an
(a) Not Indigenous,

390

(1) Divi-divg.
Cashew.
(6) Wild Almond,
(9) Guaia-

, THOS., & CO,, 155 -
‘®
(8) Myristica frangrans.
. eckel's

Gi) a
(12) Persea ai oa (18)
16) Cardamoms and

Families,

Acacia Fatnesiana

Mimusops sp.

Pimenta vulgaris

Andira inermis

‘ee Balata vel Mimusops }

globosa
Copaifera officinalis
Citharexylon quadrangulare
(Suara pinnata vel Cymetra

caulifiora }
Licania incana
Vismia Cayennensis
Artocarpus incisa (a)
Carapa G uianensis

Leguminose

Crescentia Cujete com
Crescentia latifolia Id.
Calliandra Zaman (a) uminose
Cedrela odorata relacew
Cocos nucifera Palmacer
\Cordia cerascanthus :
|Maclura Xanthoxylon Urticaces
Calophytlum Calaba lusiaceas
Esenbeckia castanocarpa Diosmee
Genipa Americana Rubiacex
Icica carana ‘Terebinthacem
Flacourtia Ramontchi (a) Flacourtiaces

Warsceviczia coccinea v,
Calicophyllum coccineum } Rubiacess
Lecythis idatimon
Psidium pyriferum
Brownea coccinea

Spondias Monbin ‘Terebinthacew
Laurus urines

Id. Jd.
Brosimum Guianense arper
Guaiacum officinale Xanthoxyles
Citrus Limonum Aurantiaces
Hymenwa Courbaril uminose

Hematoxylon Campechianum
Poinsettia pulcherrima
Mammea Americana

Hippomane Mancinella Euphorblacesw
Conocarpus erecta mbretaceas
Connarus

400

Trinidad.

DEVENISH, 8., E8Q., M.A.—continued.

48/Poui (black

49/Purple he

50/Red Mangrove
ood

63) White Mangrove
Yoke

(Maes or Cayenne
Cherry

4g|Wild Angelin

" e4lScotch friend
45|Akee
76|Mammee sapote
77| Bitter ash
7|Rough leaf
49|Blood wood
go|Sandbox (white)

84
{ g5|Malacca apple
} gg|Pandanus
| 87|Bermuda Cedar
, 88

g9/Gru;
90|Pois doux
Mabolo

Spanish.
Musara
Citronera
Nogal |
Aceitunillo
Pata de Vaca
Poui Pui
Sapater Zapatero
Mangle rouge Mangle Colorado
Bois rouge Cabimbo
Roble Roble
Sapotillier Nispero
Yoke Savane Yopo de Savana
Savonnette jaune Conure

ge u bord de Uva del mar

mer
ey des Gvands |Cereza del monte 6

Bois mureche

Tamarinier Tamarindo 'Tamarindus Indica gums
Tapana 'Tapanare rience ; Eupho
' p 1 mosa lithoxylum ve iment
Tendre & Caillou Charro {Pithecolobium Slicifolium } Mt
Mahault de Londres iat ¢ sla i ‘Thespesia populnea Malvacee
A oO ulato, rumi
Bois Mulatre { clavellino } Pentaclethra filamentosa f
Mangle blanc Mungle blanco Laguncularia racemosa Verben
Yoke Yopo Astronium obliquum egun
Pommier d’ Acajou Merey J Anacardium occidentale Anace
L’Epineux Papas e ms a Xanthoxylum clava Herculis |Xanthoxy
Cerisier de Cayenne _~ Eugenia Mitchelli Myrtacea |
Mangotier Mango Mangifera Indica («) 'Verebint
— - Jacaranda cerulea vel filicifolia| Bignonia
Guatamare Guatamare Myrospermum frutescens egumi
Guenépe Miico Melicocca bbs, Sapindace
Avocatier Aguacate Persea grat Laurinee
(Argen des Grands)|t ombricero del Monte|Diplotropis brachypetala gumi
Matapal Matapalo Ficus (a Artocarp
Ris de Veau Végétal am Akeesia (Blighia sapida) Sapind
Sapote Mamey Colorado ucuma Inammosa Sapo
Quassia _- assia amara Sim
Feuille rude Chaparro Curatella Americana Dillen
Bois Sang Palo de Sangre Croton gossypifolium Kupho
Szbiier blanc Javillo blanco Hura crepitans
Centrevent - Lucuma multiflora Sapo
Frangipanier Aleluya Plumieria Apocyt
Cassier puant _ Cassia Brasiliensis egumin
Quashy-Quasha _ Thevetia neriifolia Apocyt
Pommier Malaque _ Kugenia Malacceasis (a Myrtac
Pandane _ Pandanus Candelabrum (a) =| Pandans
Cédre des Bermudes — Juniperus Bermudiana (a) nifere
Bois lézard Totumo Guaray Vitex capitata erbensd
Grougrou Grugru Acrocomia sclerocarpa Palmacet
Pois doux Guémo Inga vera mosad
Mabolo Mabolo Diospyros Mabolo Ebenacee
ce nee Péma Pisonia Nyctagi
oirier de la Mar- ’
{ po }|Roble blanco Tecoma pentaphylla (a) Bignoniad
Bois Canari Cauto Hirtella silicea 500
Royoc Royoc Morinda, Rubiacee j
Aguatapana Aguatapana Rhopala montana oteacee
Grugru Corozo Astrocaryum Palma
’ Icica he hylla .
Bois @’Encens Curucay { ‘Ange nttenet r } Am;
‘aimitior Cainito Chrysophyllum cainito Sapotac
Noyau _ us occidentalis Drupac
— du chi Almendron de playa |Terminalia sp 'Combretst
Poirier —_ Id. Id.
Mangle Noir Manglejari Avicennia tomentosa Id.
Po ux Marron _ - Legumia

(a) Not Indigenous,

}

Coccoloba uvifera
Byrsonima spicata , >_

Trini

DEVENISH, 8. ESQ., M.A.—continued.

—_
i ve wood

wi d nutmeg

)Gsrlic pear
Cocorite

Ro apple
ountain vabbage
if
4
4
{

iA bag
Nutmeg
ie not Flower

ey

a etod
Fim (Trinidad)
ae aoe e

Common Names.

French. Spanish.
(league des Grands pe
Bois Caratbe Cemeture
—* des ead Uvero del monte
Muscadier sauvage _
‘Tocque Toco
Cocorite Cucurito
Pomme Rose Poma rosa
Bouix _
Palmiste )Chaguaramas

fiche jPata de Vaca
Cyp. Savana |Alatrique
Pain d’Epices -
Surette
Giroflier Clavo de especte
Muscadier Nuez de Moscada

Acajou St. Domingue
Acacia

Bois Flot

Bois d’Orme

Mangle jaune
Varvanguier

Rois cendre

(Caco Marron

erat iy
guier
Cachiman

Bois Négre
Pied poule

shell t
Fig tree
Almond tree

Sea-side plum

eee bois - canon
(Lentille)

Figuier

Amandier

Bois Charbon

Moricyp jaune

Bois riviére

Bois Canique

co tion or fat pork|Icaque

WCoffee tree

Wild chestnut
White Cedar
Bird Lime tree

pees du bord de
mer

Oranger

Chaparro a feuille lisse
Cacaotier

Debasse

Bois uette

Bois de Morue

Bois Cacao

Bois Patate

Piroa
Cafier

Chataignicr

Acajou Marron

Bois baril

Bois lait

Campéche bord de mer

Bois l’étang
Coco Macaque

(a) Not Indigenous.

Caoba

Aréma, 6 Guatero

Tacarigua
Gudzuma

Mangle Amarillo

Voa Vango

Cenizero, 6 marejon

Camellon
Mahagua _

Lechert % Atagua

Corazon

Cariaquita negra

Cachicamo
Mico

} Higuereton

Lechero
Almendron

Rayo de Antigua

Juildo
Naranjillo

Tcacos

Mahagua del mar

Naranjo

Palo de Cacao

Canilla de Venado

Punteral

Siete capa
Uvero del monte
Naure

Almendron del monte

Piroa

Palma real, 6 Yagua

Café

Naranjillo
Castafio

Cojon de burro
Cayuca, 6 anakin
Pama

Lechero

Lagunero

401
H |
Scientific Names. Families,
Chrysobalanus peltocarpus Chrysabolanes
Campomanesia aromatica Myrtacea:
Coccoloba latifolia Polygonacem

Rheedia laterifolia Guttifere
Crateva gynandra fy eg
Maximiliana insignis Palmacew
J re Bin 2 paren
Chrysophyllum glabrum Sapotacew
Oreodoxa regia valeainen
Bauhinia variegata Leguminosw
\Cordia sulcata Cordiacew
| Sapotacew
Cicca disticha (a) Euphorbiacex
\Caryophyllus aromaticus Myrtacesw
Myristica aromatica (a) Myristices
Lagerstromia reginw (a) eden F saspsees
Swietenia Mahogani (a)

Acacia tortuosa Sinan
Ochroma Lagopus Bombacex
Guazuma ulnifolia Byttneriacee

Avicennia tomentosa Verbenacea
Vex.gueria Commersoni (a) Cinchonaceas
Veridium 9 Sasha
Amaionia Rubiacew
Phoberos Flacourtiacee:
Heliocarpus Americana Malvacexw
Ficus radula Urticaces
Anona reticulata Anonacen
Rollinia multiflora Id.
Pereskia Cactacew
Cordia sp. (a) Cordiacese
(sealers. lua chelonides Bignoniaces
Psycotria Rubiacexw
Couroupita Guianensis Lecythidacew
Panax maratatoni Araliacer
Ficus sp. Urticacew
Terminalia Catappa Combretacea:
Diospyros sp. Ebenacew

— Cordiaces
Maba inconstans Ebenacew
Ximenia Americana Olacaceas:
Chrysobolanus icacos Chrysobalance
Paritium tiliaceum Malvacew
Citrus Aurantium Aurantiaces
Bunchosia Malpighiacew
Theobroma Cacao Byttneriacese
Calyptranthes sericea Myrtacea
Myginda Rubiacea
Machierium Leguminose
Coccoloba sp Polygonacea
Calliandra oD. Leguminosae

Chrysobalane

(Guilelma sp. Palmacex
(Enocarpus Batawa *

Joifea Arabica (a) Rubiacea
Swartzia grandiflora Leguminosae
Podocarpus salicifolius Coniferea:
Pachira aquatica Bombacew
Saccoglottis Amazonia Styraces
Myristica sp. Myristace
Pisonia inermis Nyctaginew
Sal he Ascuperivm , Euphorbiacese

thecolobium, vel Calli-
{ andra sp, } Leguininusw

terucarpus Draco Id.

? Sapindaces

2D

402

Trinidad.

DEVENISH, 8., ESQ., M.A.—continued.

Pree bbe

acareo

Cherry wood (from
=
Island)

Common Names.

French.

Laurier Avocat
Savonnette blanche

Bois Caco
Savonnette jaune
Grigrt

ts
Mahault Chardon
Sablier jaune
Mangle chéne
Cacapoule
Cupey

Bois Costfére
'Pomme Cannelle
\Café Marron

Mabouya

ui Mme, Jean

Bois flamheau

Bois d’Olive

Petit Baume

Bois miel

("one (de Chacacha-
cateo Island)

Liane Persil

Quinquina pays

Scientific Names. Families,
Laurel ? Laurina
Conure blanco Macherium sp. Legun
{ wane motite }{Isertia parviftora Rubiacee
Kspinabobo Lonchocarpus latifolia minos}
Maraval Martinezia caryothefolia (a) macer
— Eucalyptus \ _—
Tumbaol Apeiba Ta Ti
Javillo Amarillo Hura crepitans Euphorbi
o- Avicennia tomentosa - |
_ jFaramea Guianensis alpighiag
Cupey Clusia rosea Clusiacee
— ilex Macoucoua Nliciner
Mamoncillo Casearia Samydacet
Yema de huevo Lucuma sp. -
Bijaguara Colubrina reclinata Rhamnee
Anon Anona squamosa Anonacee |
Café del Monte Coffea sp. Rubiacer
— Mollinedia Monimi:
Cauturo Parinium campestre balan

Naranjillo (Caroni)
Sardino Arima

Miconia proxima
Sponia
Ratonia Americana

Cordia sp. (red flowers) (@)
Ruprechtia sp. '

Sardino blanco

Maraquire
Aquirire

Phctacilia trifoliata

Mangle dulce
C. de Verasco

Bejuco Mulato Seriana sp.
_ Lagerstromia Indica (a)
on Citriosma
_ Coutarea speciosa
_ dia sp.
— Melastoma sp
Mangotina Mangifera sp.
> and Chaguanas -
niebra ot ire Jopaifera hymenifolia (a)
care, a’
(tel Cacao mao
ad ora
| _ Alchornea iy
‘Timite Manicaria saccifera
| we uarina equisctifolia (a)

(a) {Not Indigenous,

Trinidad. 408

HARLEY, O., Esq., Superintendent | than twenty feet. (2) Fibre of the plant
" Trinidad.—Thirty-one Speci- | “ Silk Grass,” or “ China Grass,” of the Li
ms of Native Wood, Madar, wa (family of the Monocotyledones). Roots, con-
ois Lezard, Fidele. Fiddle Woo (Vitex | sisting of bundles of iubercles more or less
ipitata). (2) 8,- tte Jaune (Sapindus thick; the leaves are simple, entire, fleshy,
p.). (8) Olivier (FP jida). (4) ai may, or/and with parallel veins. (8) Fibre of the
peonse Tree (Amyris). (5) Galba ( alo- | plant Malva sylvestris (?), family of Malva-
yum calaba). (6) Pois-Doux (Inga Jeculi- | cew, Dicotyledones (Monadelphia yandria,
a). (7) Balata or Bullet Wood Mimusops | Linn.). It should not be confuse: with the
ohost). (8) Leopard Wood | (Brosimum |“ Gombo Musk” or “ Muscette” of botanists
wianense ), (9) Roble (Papilionaceex, 8p.). | (Hibiscus Abelmoschus), an annual plant, and
0) Genipa (Genipa Americana). (11) Poui | which grows abundantly in Trinidad. (4)
veoma). (12) Laurier or Laurel Cyp (Oreo- | Fibre of the bark of the wood Mahout, “ Thes-
phne cernuc). (18) Bread Nut freneetepue pesia populnea of Malvacer ” (Dicotyledoneg),
isa, nucifera). (14) Hpineux Jaune, Yel-| 2 tree very common in our forests, (5) Fibre
Senders (Xanthloryum clava Hereulis).| of the bark of the elm-wood, Urticaces
5) Purple Heart or Sapatero (Peltogyne (Sponia), family of the Dicotyledones, and,
ata). (18) Angelin (Andira tnermis). | like No. 4, very common in our forests. (6)
7) Tapana var ee alchornoides). (18 i.

I d c ) | Fibre of the bark of the white Bermuda Berry
ombin or Wild Plum P tncen (18) | (Macherium of Leguminoee), very common in
i our soap manufactures. (7) Fibre of the bark

of Savannah Wood (a shrub), of the family
Ericinew Inodoracee, F. J ussieu, Dicotyledones.
ves simple, alternate, rarely opposite,
flowers arranged in clusters, &c. (8) Fibre of
the bark of a shrub known in our woods
(family of the Dicotyledones), and of which the
aspect and the characteristic features are quite
similar to the Erciniues. (9) Fibre of the
bark of the Parsley Creeper (Seriana sp.,
family of the Dicotyledones), very common in
our forests. The wood of this ereper is only
used for walking-sticks. (10) Fibre of the

) Locust or Courbarie (Hymenza courbarie).
) Logwocd (Hamatoxylon yhoo ay
B) Guatacare (Lecythis idatimon). (27)
pivi (Copaifera balsamifera). (28) Mahoe.
B) Fustic (Maclura xanthoxylon). (80)
tOedar. ($1) Cannon Ball Tree (Couroupita

ensi8).
6 Poni Axe Handles,
6 Guatacare Handies,

5 Poui Spade Handles. Water Creeper (family Dicotyledones).

§ Pois-doux How Handles.

Manure Baskets. 8ST. HILL, MR. T. J.~(1) Manhaltine.
53 Laurier Shingles. (2) Pire Apple. (3) Pingune or Wild Pine.
0 Balsam Shingles. (4) Spanish Needle. (6) Agave or Lange
50 Olivier Shingles. Beouf. (6) Wild Agave. (7) Carat Palm.
50 Crapaud Shingles, (8) Silk Banana. (8) Red Banana. (10)
50 Cedar Shingles. Dried Plantain Tree Fibre. (11) Poix Doux

Balsam Capaivi Staves. Bark Fibre. (12) Ochro. (18) Bois Sange.
25 Crapaud Staves. (14) Black Sage. (15) Mauriche.
yar aries.

pana Felloes.
elin Felloes. Crass 9.

bap Arts AND Manuracrvrrs.

Above prepared at the Convict Depot, ARR, MR. A. B., Belmont. — (1)
aguanas, Trinidad. Enaré (Geonoma Enaré). (2) Piem ( Bactris

simplicifrons). (3) Groogroo (Acrocomia sclero-
carpa). (4) Daybasse (Calyptranthes serizea).
(5) Pimento (Pimenta vulgaris). (6) P'tri-
feuilles. (7) Gasparee (Hsenbeckia castano-
ecarpa). Leopard Wood (Brosimum Au-
bletie). (9) Poui (yellow), (Tecoma). (10)
Sweet Orange (Citrus aurantium). (11) Tan-
erine Orange (Citrus ae ie (12
Su plejack (Paiillinea lesocarpa). (18) Wil
Coffee (Coffea Arabica).

8T. Hild, MR. T. J.—Three dozen
native Walking Sticks.

Cc. ENTER, MR. £., Colonial
Sak bebe es Anavi Palms, or Gres
nema vitae. :

2p2

ANNER, R., » CE—Ten Speei-
ns of Native Wood sn i

Onass 8
Fisrovs Scusrances.

PADOVANT, A., Esq., Aripero Bs-
, Oropuche.—Ten Fibres.-—(1) Fibre of
Agave of the Narcissi (Agave vivipara ?) or
uiryllides, family “ of Sroncooty ledones,”
thus near the Liliaceae, of which it might
ron a ee only a section. A plant

Kable for the elegaut aspect given to it
the large fleshy leaves, and t of its

‘more

404

HARFORD, MRS,— (1) Fretwork
Table. (2) Fretwork Bookcase and Stand.
(8) Fretwork Bracket.

SEALE, MR. L. B.—-(1) One Parlour
po ogy (2) Two Inlaid Tables. Native
woods,

GOODRIDGE, MR. WILLIAM. —
One Inlaid Table. Native woods.

MAYNE, R. D., ESQ.— (1) One Inlaid
Table. (2) One Chess Board. (8) Natural
Hat Stand.

CADET, MISS.—One Lace Hand-
kerchief.

SCHEULT, MISS.—Two Lace Hand-
kerchiefs.

GOELLINCHT, MRS. — One Colado
or drawn. thread Lace Handkerchief.

GEOGAN, Mi8S,.—One*Child’s Hairpin
Lace Dress.

VOTOR, MRS. VESTINE. — One
Creole Fancy work Handkerchief. ,

VOTOR, MRS.—One Embroidery Frock.

BLACK, MISS, & SEMPER, MRS.
—(1) One pair Tatted Lace Antimacassars.
(2) One pair Tatted Lace Antimacassars. (8)
One pair Tatted Lace Antimacassars. (4) One
Crochet Antimacassar. (5) One piece Tatted
Insertion. (6) One piece Tatted Lace. (7)
One pair Torchon Baskets. (8) One Cushion
Silk Embroidery. (9) One Silk Embroidered
Smoking Cap.

PERIER.i, MISS C.—(1) One pair
knitted Infant’s Hose. (2) Two pairs knitted
Infants’ Half Hose. (8) Two Infants’ Chemi-
settes.

MENDONEA, MISS ROSALINE.—
One Crochet Table Cover.

CAZABON, MR. MICHL J.—Sixteen
Water Colours: (1) Bridge at St. James.
(2) Peep on Road to Old Fort. (8) Grand
Boca. (4) First Boca. (5) Port of Spain
from Harbour. (6) Entrance to Maraval.
(7) Craig (Five Isiands). (8) Bamboos, Dry
River. (9) Gonglon Trees at Laventille. (10)
Carenage Point (Sun-set). (11) River at St.
Joseph. (12) Bamboos at St. Ann’s. (18)

ge THE PAPER-LETTER WAREHOUSE,

Caren (Morning). (14) ‘Tropical
(15) ‘Coolie Group. ae) Coo
(17) Twelve Indian Ink Drawings. ae) Vi
of Powder Magazine. (19) View of Oo
Town.

MAYNE, MRS. R. D.—fFive View
Trinidad scenery.

KAVANAGH, MISS.—Four Painti
of Tropical Fruits, &c.

COLLINS, MRS. J. H.—(1) Sketches
Creole Life. (2) “The Little Gleaner.”

D’ADE, MR.—Copies in pen and ink
Landseer’s “ Saved ” and “ Patience.”

FAIRBAIRN, MISS.—Two Picture.

PUREFOY, SURGEON -MAJO
Seven Paintings; (1) St. James. (2) Sq
nah and Government House. (8)

(4) Mountain Stream, Maraval. (5) View
Conva, (6) View from North Post. (7)
gator Shooting, Caroni River.

GOELLNICHT, MRS.—(1) M
quenne, in crayon. (2) Ragged Black Boy,
crayon,

CAZABON, MR. CHAS. 8.—
graphs.—Twelve Views Trinidad, whole

EXHIBITION COMMITTEE..-
Views of Trinidad, by C. 8. Cazabon.

LEGGE, MR. R. E.—Views of tlieh
Coast.

SCAMARONNY, MR. AND.
Numerous Litho’ Cards and Specimens of
manship.

MORIN, MR. FELIX—Photogra
(1) Government House and Botanic
(2) Marino Square, Port of Spain. (8)
James’ Barracks. (4) Trinity Church,
can Cathedral. (5) Palm Trees, (6) Tre
Tree. (7) Tuft of Bamboos, (8)
Laman. (9) Tuft of Sugar-canesin Blow
(10) The Courbarél (Hymenea). (11)
Trees. (12) Orange Grove, Usine. (18)
sley Estate. (14) Crop Time in San
Cacao Estate. (15) A Swamp on the
River. (16) The Pitch Lake of La Brea,
Maraccas Falls. (18) The Aroucas
(19) The Hosé Coolies. (20) Eight
Photographs. (21) Nineteen Pho
types of population. (22) Album, wi

hotographs. (28) Twenty-four Views.

4, HYDE STREET, NEW OXFORD STREET, LONDON, W:

Sole and original Manufacturers of Waterproof Advertising PAPER anf
CARDBOARD LETTERS and FIGURES,
In various Sizes, Colours, and Designs.

WHOLESALE, BETAIL, and EXPORT.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE POST

CoLtEctIon or Seups.
DUMMETT, MR. N. R.—(1) Acacia

one sample. (2) Flamboyant seeds, one
ple, (3) Soap Berry 8, one sample.
Cada seeds, one sample.* (5) Briar
one sample, (6) Bois Immortelle seeds,
sample,
MAISONNEUVE. MR.
isang, one sample,

ARDILLA, MR. J. P,—Veté Vert, or
hus Khus, one sample,

BAILEY, MR. T,.—Veté Vert, or Khus
hus, one sample.

VOTOR, MR. M.—Veté Vert, or Khus
us, one sample.

MAYNE, MR. R. D.—Horse Eyo Beans.
FRITZ, ZURCHER, & CO., MESSRS.,

J— Dr ied

TURNBULL, MRS. R.—Six Plaited

MAYNE, MR. R. D.—Two Plaited Fans,

GOODRIDGE, MR. W.—Razor Strops,

MAYNE, MR. R. D.—Three Gugl<ts,
inidad pottery.

8T. HILL, MR. F. J.—Indian Cups.

JOHN, MR. PHILIP.—Set Ornamented
bashes,

MAYNE, MR. R. D.—Two Ornamented
bashes,

BERTRAND, MR. A.—(1) Two Or-
ented Calabashes, animal kingdom. (2)
wo Ornamented Pincushions. (8) Thirty-six
alabash Money Boxes. (4) One Calabash Egg
tand, (5) Various plain Calabashes.

MESSRS.

HALES & JEWELL, —(1)
rdinary Soaps, (2) Toilet Soap.

.

HOWARD & SONS,
MAKERS OF ENGLISH PARQUET,
VELAND WORKS; and at 25, 26, 27, BERNERS STREET, W.

DE SISSSSEOSSSS Ss
Trinidad.

405

MACHADO, MR. REGULO.—
Ordinary Soap. (2) Assorted toilet Soaps,

Crass 10,
FINLAYSON, The Hon. T. A.—
Specimens of Raw Pitch, from Pitch Lake.

NESTON & CO., MESSRS.—Specimen
of Raw Pitch.

FINLAYSON, The Hon. T. A.—(1)
Glance Pitch. (2) Glance Pitch, from mineral
oils. (8) Marine Glance Pitch,

‘ yaar MRS.-—Specimen of Native
Yoal.

LEGGE, MR. R, E.—Specimen of Tom-
per Lime,

CHRISTIE, MR.
Gypsum.

GASKIN, MR. JOHN H.—Plaster of
Paris from Native Gypsum.

SAMI: — Native

MISCELLANZOUS.

KIRTON, MASTER W. F.—Collection
of Butterflies.

MORTON, MIS&.—Collection of Butter-

flies.

GUILBERT, MR, JOHN,—Model of a
Cacao Curing House,

VOTOR, MRS.—Specimen of Vanilla
plant, and beans.

FABIEN, MR. CHAS. A.--Limes,

MORTON, The REV. J.—(1) Speci-
mens of Mucilage and Cedar Gum, (2) Speci-
mens of Yams.

FABIEN & SON, MESSRS. CHAS.
(1} Twe specimens Cacao pods, (2) One
barrel Cacao pods,

LEOTAUD, MR. CHAS.—One gigantic
Cacao pod,

McCARTHY, MASTER P. J.—Young
Cacao pods,

CARR, MR. A. B.-—Armadillo shells,

MAYNE, MR. R. D.—One case Bird
“'Too-Too,” or king of the woods.

ORIGINAL

( 406 )

BARBADOS.

Bansavos, the most windward of the Caribbee Islands, is situated in lat. 18° 4’ N, and long,
87’ W. It is 21 miles long and 14 in breadth, and contains 166 square miles, somewhat
the shape of the Isle of Wight, It is a little smaller, bui, unlike the “Garden of Kengland,”
situated in mid-ocean. First visited by the Portugese at an unknown date, it was named
them “Los Barbados,” from the number of bearded fig-trees or banyans which were fou
growing there. It was reported to be totally uninhabited, which was not the case, though
if any of the aborigines remained when the English took possession in the year 1605. I
French map of the world of the date of 1536 it appears under the name of “ Bernados,”
in subsequent documents or maps it was called “ Barbudos,” “ Bernados,” “ Bainodo,” «
Barduda,” “ 8, Barbudos,” and “ Los Barbudos.”

James I. made a grant of the Island to the Earl of Marlborough, and the first Eng
governor was appointed to this, the oldest British colony, in the year 1625, From that date
island has never been severed from England, and although from time to time there have
internal dissensions, it has never undergone the vicissitudes of its neighbours, nor suifered
foreign invasion. Two years later Charles I, granted all the Caribbee Islands, inel
Barbados, to the Earl of Carlisle, who compounded for £300 per annum with the Ear
Marlborough for his claim. Shortly afterwards, being absent from England, Lord Carlisle)
patent was revoked in favour of the Earl of Pembroke, but again restored to him on his re
A considerable number of settlers had by this time established themselves, making clearings i
the forests, which, with the exception of a few savannahs, or as they were locally
champion grounds, covered the whole Island. They cultivated tobacco, cotton, indigo,
sugar,” and owned slaves, but tie hardships of early colonial life were increased by a potty ci
war entered into by the followers of the governors who had been appointed by the variow
claimants to the Island. The dewnfall of Charles I. brought a large influx of Royalists with
their families and possessions to take shelter in the Island, which still had a Royalist goveraor,
and this influx contributed greatly to peor‘e an@ enrich the Island, and gave a tone to the tastes
and manners of its inhabitants which is siill plainly discernible. A. settled form of government
wos established on the basis of the English vestry system, with a central Assembly of represen-
tatives from each parish, and the colonists began to settle themselves down to the cultivation of
their estates. It is recorded that in the seventeenth century, before the combined effects wer
felt of the Navigation Act. the rivalry of Jamaica, and the growth of the French plantations
Barbados was “the most populous, rich, and industrious spot on the earth.”

The Commonwealth took over the Island in 1651, and held it for eleven years, until the
restoration of Charles II., when the various patent-huldera brought forward their claims, to
satisfy which a duty of 4} per ceat. on all exports was imposed, the proprietary govervivent
dissolved and the sovereignty of Barbados annexed to the British Crown. In spite of protest, the
export duty of 4} per cent. was continued until the year 1838, four years after the abolition of
slavery.

From the above brief sketch it may readily be understood that Barbados shortly becaze,
not so much a colony as a piece of the Mother Country which had been transplanted. In the
year 1629 the Island was divided into six parishes, and in 1645 into eleven as now, which wai,
with the exception of Christ Church, each named after a patron saint, Saint George of coune
being one. The Estates were mostly called after their original proprietors, and have not changed
since on the sea coast are met old familiar names, such as Hastings, Worthing, and Whitehaven.

* At first the sugar cane was only cultis ited for the purpose of brewing a refreshing drink. In 1640 a Dutchman
from Brazil taught the secret of allowing the cane to ripen, and of boiling the juice. At the same time the planters
learnt to distil rum, called at first “ Kill-Devil,” afterwards “ Rumbullion.” aya

Barbados. 407

Although by the grant of Charles I. to the Earl of Carlisle the people wore invested with
1 the liberties, franchises, and privileges of English subjects, the earlier governors ruled the
nd absolutely, aided by a servile council appointed by themselvea, It was not until the

1645 that a constitution was created, when a law was passed which enacted that none of

»laws then existing should be altered, nor anything added to them without the consent of
o Governor, Council and Freeholders out of every parish, entitled “A General Assembly,”
i that every parish should have two representatives, at least, elected by the freeholders, The
umber of the Assembly wae at first twenty-two, but later two more were added for the city of
igetown. Until comparatively recently the members of the Legislature algo exercised
sutive and judicial functions, and with the exception of the separation of these, the
mstitution as originally framed has scarcely been altered. The Colony may now be degcribed
possessing representative institutions, but not responsible government, in which the Crown
no more than a veto on legislation, but the Home Government retains the appointment and
ntrol of public officers. The Government consists of a Governor, aided by an Executive
ouncil, a Legislative Council, consisting of nine members appointed by the Queen, and a
louse of Assembly, having twenty-four members clected annually on the basis of a very low
uchise. The Executive Council consists of the officer commanding the troops, the Colonial
cretary, Attorney-General, and such other persons as Her Majesty may be pleased to appoint.
he Executive part of the Government, corresponding to the Ministry, consists of the Governor
i members of the Executive Council, one member of the Legislative Council, and four
mbers of the House of Assembly, nominated annually by the Governor. This body is called
» Executive Committee, and has charge of all Government Institutions, introduces money,
prepares the estimates, and initiates Government measures.

The Island is of coral formation, and its succeasive lines of cliffs show various upheavals.
highest hill is Mount Hillaby, which has an altitude of 1,145 feet. A line of hills runs
oughout the Island from north to south ; these are intersected in all directiuns by deep and

Mecipitous canons, called ravines or gullys, and exhibit at times extremely bold and picturesque
mery. The origin of these ravines has puzzled many, as the mountain streams have not
ficient force to cut their way through the rock, but it is probable that they may be accounted
rin the following manner :—A deep top stratum of coral rock rests upon a gub-stratum of
ay; the coral holds the rain-fall like a sponge, and by gravitation gradually gives it off upon
» clay; here the water runs together and constitutes subterranean streams of considerable
ume, whieh make their own way on the top of the clay and form vaverns. The roof? of the
yerns from time tc time fall in, and the debris are washed away by the stream until at length
ecavcrn is laid open to the sky and becomes a ravine. Several such subterranean streams
: known, the larsest being in what is known as the Bowmanston caye. This cave was
tidentally discovered by the sinking of a well, which, on reaching a depth of 200 feet, picreed
avity in the rock. The only way of entry is by descending the well in a bucket, by which
tans several exploring parties of a scientific character have, during the last few years, made
ful examination of the cavern and its streams with a view to its utilization as 9 water
ply. This work is attended with great labour and some little danger, on account of the
sea of debris fallen and still falling from the roof. The volume of the stream has been
asured in the dry season and in the wet, and is estimated to yield from something under two
fully five millions of gallons per diem, yet it is not known where this stream has its origin,

wt whither it flows. 1. is at an altitude of nearly 400 feet above sea level.

The variety of products which were grown during the earlier days hes gradually given way

, and at the present time, out of a total acreage of 106,470 acres, an area of 100,000
sis deve'ed tocas the greater part of the remainder being taken up by roads, buildings
ivayinea. Of the «ces devoted to canes, a certain portion is planted and reaped every year.
le remainder is given a short rest, and is planted with what is called an “ offal” crop, that is
say, sweet potatoes, or other roots, or maize. This crop is sold if the prices are high, but just
often ploughed in. The cultivation of the cane itself has been brought nearly to perfection,
ithe farming is high, consisting greatly of spade work. The mainfacture of the sugar,

ver, is capable of great improvement, the chief want being centralization. At present each
ple of a few hundred acres makes its own sugar, frequently with the aid of an old-fashioned
@uill, so that the farmer is also.a manufacturer; and though admirable, as the, former, for

408 Barbados,

many reasons, the chief being want of vapital, he fails as the latter. ‘The Colony is partic
adapted to the establishment of central factories. During the present low prices of sug
attention might well be turned to other products. Tobacco for instance is indigenous, and
common species spring up whenever there is a vacant spot of land, especially op the sites of
houses : with a little care it can be cultivated at a fair profit, Roots, valuable for the

they yield, give a héavy return. Arrowroot produces about 10,000 pounds of roots to the
giving 2,000 pounds of starch. Cassava and yams produce 8,000 pounds to the acre,
potato 30,000 pounds, while the ground or pea nut yields about 2,000 pounds, Experiments q
now being made with fibrous plants such as cactus and silk grass, All these as well as ging
could bo profitably cultivated.

The teeming population, averaging 1,031 to the square mile, and increasing yearly in g
of emigration, while contributing to the wealth of the Colony and w the excellence of
cultivation, require an abundant and cheap food supply. The average price of the nutrit
roots mentioned above is, for sweet potatoes, from $d. to 1d., and fur yams 1d. to 1}d. per pow
Sweet potatoes are always in season, as are also bananas, which sell for about four a pen
Six and a quarter million pounds of American salt fish is annually consumed, costing by ret
about 14. per pound, while the local fisheries furnish an inexhaustible supply. In the fishi
industry, 366 boats are engaged, averaging two to three tons burden, and having a crew of th
to four men. It is estimated that about 1,500 persons obtain their living thereby, and that
annual value of the fish is about £17,000 sterling. The most important of all kinds is the flyi
fish. These in appearance are similar to herrings, though smaller, and like them swim in sho
Their season commences in November, and lasts about seven months, and the method of taki
them is simple in the extreme. The boats ect out very early in the morning and return int
afternoon, As soon as a few flying fish rise out of the water near the boat, the sails and n
are taken down and the boat allowed to drift; a bag containing rotten fish pounded up isk
down into the water over the bow, the oil from this makes a calm and attracts the fish, wh
are simply scooped in with large landing nets. When the take is good, the number of
caught is simply limited by the capacity of the boat, and boats have been known to sink fr
overloading. A few hours after the boats reach land the fish become exceedingly cheap, sell
for about five or six pounds weight for a penny, and sometimes even less. Attempts are bei
made to preserve them and put them up after the manner of herrings.

The flying fish season is succeeded by that of sea eggs, which are dived for at a depth som
times of six fathoms. The part eaten is only the roe, and but little is obtained from @&
urchin ; their vast quantities, however, furnish a rich and nutritious return, Besides the aba
enormous red fish, grouper and other kinds are taken by deep sea fishing with lines,
lobsters and cray fish along the shore. These cheap means of obtaining food, the habit
wearing boots only on Suaday, the scant quantity of clothes and firig necessary, render
agricultural labourer comfortable on his small wage, the ruling rate of which is one shillings
diem for men and tenpence for women.

The West Indies have of late years been more and more frequently chosen for a
resort, and offer many attractions. In Barbados the living is cheap, and almost every ca
and luxury can be obtained. There are several hotels, or a private house can be taken;
large hotel on the American system is nearly completed, and is expected to be shortly ope
Carriages can be hired by the hour or jobbed by the month. Safe bathing in the most perftd
transparent water is provided by bathing-houses built over the sea, Churches are numerous, f
temperature from December to June is moderate, with delightfully cool mornings and ever
and, although Barbados does not present the tropical luxuriance of growth and g
of most of the West Indian Islands, the roads are numerous and excellent for driving,
the gardens filled with hot-house shrubs and flowers growing to a perfection unknow
England.

Barbados has well sustained its early reputation. Its people are industrious and prosp
and quick to see the direction in which their interests lic. This trait has led to the estal
ment of life and fire insurance, railway, tramway, water and gas companics, while almost
house of any size near the town has its telephone. The geographical situxtion of the Island
its general healthiness lead to many advantages, causing it to be the headquarters of the tr
and of the Royal Mail Steam Packet and other Jines of mail steamers.

A former resident, General Christoph

obtained. The college is now connected with

ish universities,

Cass 1.
Svucar Propvcts.

Serer erPe

CARTER & CO. (13.) Rum, from cane
nice, 1884 (proof), This sample gained the
ize at the local Agricultural Society’s Exhi-
ition, 1885, (14.) Rum, from cane juice, 1885,
iY, over proof, (15.) Rum, from juice of rotten
e, 1885, 20% over proof. (16.) Rum, from
@ juice and molasses, 1885, 40% over proof,

17.) Rum, from molasges, 40% over proof.

HUTCHINSON, G. W., & CO. (18.)
um, re-distilled.

LOUIS, SON, & CO.

19.), Rum, 30°
er proof, a, » 3%

MURRAY, A. P. (20.) Rum (old), made
Thicket Estate, bottled in 1871.

SEALY, GEO. A. (21.) Rum (old),
led in 1841,

BELFIELD, A. Liqueurs, &c., Cordials.
) Falernum, white.

HUTCHINSON, G. W., & CO. (23.)
‘alernum, white,

CARTER & CO. (24.) Falernum, white,
ETEREON, C. R. (25.) Falernum,

CARTER, A. P. (26.) Falernum, white.
') Falernum, golden, ’ :

Barbados.

er Codrington, founded in the year 1710 a college
by his name ; it is the only institution in the West Indies where a university educa! Jon can

409

the University of Durham, and its students are

ble for all the degrees, Much attention is paid to education in all grades, there being two
of a high class with university men as masters, one in town and the other in the
Boys from the larger and older of these have frequently won scholarships at the

The Church of England in Barbados has not been disestablished, but the principle of con-
t endowment adopted. The bishopric was founded in 1824, and thirty-eight incumbencies,

well as the bishop, are supported by the State.

Finally, crimes of violence are rare, and the people are happy and contented, and well

tisfied with themselves, their island, and their form of government.

CARTER & CO. (28.) Shrub.

THE COMMITYER. (29.) Sorrel li-
quer,

BELFIELD, A. (80.) Milk punch,

CARTER & CO. (31.) Milk punch, (32,)
Wormwood bitters,

BELFIELD, A. (83.) Wormwood bitters:

SHEPHERD & CO., of Nile Hotel.
(34.) Wormwood bitters. (35.) Orange bitters,
(36.) Shaddock bitters.

CARTER & CO. (37.) Quassia bitters.

THE COMMITTEE, (33.) Syrup orange.
(39.) Syrup lemon,

Cuass 2,

Cocoa, Corer, Spices, AND ToBAcco.

THE COMMITTEE. (41.) Cocoa seeds.
The cured beans or seeds of the chocolate-tree
(Theobroma cacao). (42.) Coffee. Berries of
the coffee-tree (Coffea Arabica). (48.) Coffee.
Ditto. (44.) Cinnamon. ‘The inner bark of
the cinnamon-tree (Cinnamomum aromaticum).
(45.) Ginger. The root of the plant Zingiber
officinale. (46.) Mustard seed. ‘The seed of
the plant Sinapis nigra.

BERT, L., B.Sc. Oils, &c. (47.) Essen-
tial oil of limes. (48.) Esseutial oil of orange.
(49.) Essential oil of citron (distilled). (50.)
Essential oil of citron (expressed). (51.) Essen-
tial oil of shaddock (expressed). (52.) ntial
oil of lemon grass (expressed), (53.) Essential
oil of geranium. (54.) Essential oil of bay leaf.
(55.) Seville ig water. (56.) Shark oil
(clarified). (57.) Shark oil ow). (58.) Men-
hadden oil (boiled), (59.) Menhadden oil
(raw).

410

THE COMMITTEES, (60.) Tobacco (in
OL Toles at Government Botanical Station,
pa (cigars), manufactured from the

tobacco grown at the above station. (62.)

Tobacco (snuff), manufactured from the first
tobacco grown at the above station,

Cuiass 3.

Favir, Roors, anp THEIR Propvets.

THE COMMITTED, Edible Roots. (63.)
Arrowroot. The root of Maranta arundinacea
from which the arrowroot starch is made. (6+.)
Cassava (sweet), the ront of the Manihot janipha.
(65.) Cassava (bitter), the root of the Manihot
utilissima, Yields a starchy substance known
as cassava or cassuda, much used for food. The
juices of this ,oot are pvisonous, but when it is
properly treated the poisonous qualities dis-
appear (66.) Tous les mois Canna uchiras, yields
also a starch called * tous les mois.” (67.) Yam,
(68.) Eddoes, (69,) Sweet potatoes,

McCLEAN, RICHARD M. (70.)
Arrowroot, Starches made from the roots and
fruit of the plants from which they derive their
names,

THE COMMITTER. (71.) Arrowroot.
(72.) Breadfrnit, (73.) Cassava, (74,) Eddoe,
(75.) Sweet potatoe. (76,) Tous les mois.

McCLBAN, RICHARD M. (77.) Tous

les mois.

THE COMMITTEE. Flours prepared
from the roots and fruit of the plants. (78.)
Breadfruit (Artocarpus incisa). (79.) Cassava
(Manihot utilissima). (80.) Kddoe (Caladium
sagittafolium). (81.) Guinea corn (Sorghum
tn (82.) Indian corn (Zea mays). (83.)
Sweet potato (Batatas edulis, Chois). (84.) Yam
(eeeesereee sativa). (85.) Cassava farine. (86.)

va cakes, made from the flour of the Mani-
hat utilisaima. (87.) Cassava cukes.

BERT, L., B.Sc. (88.) Dried yam, sliced
and dried for exportation. (89.) Dried eddoe.
on) Dried sweet potatoe. (91.) Dried ochra.

Dried plantains.
THE COMMITTEE, Grain (dried).
93.) Indian corn. (94.) Guinea corn. (95.)
n corn (in ear). (96.) Pigeon peas (Cajanus

Indicus).— Grain (green) (97.) Bonny vis
(Lablab vulgaris). 98. Beans, Lima (Phaseolus
perennis). (99.) Pigeon (100.) Pea nut

(in shell), the seed vessel and seed of the Arachis
. Called also “earth nut ” and “ ground
nut.” (101.) Pea nuts (shelled and parched).
Ola.) Cashew nuts (shelled and parched
10ib,) Cashew nuts (in shell),

Barbadoa.

eee nee

Oxass 4,
Woop, Sronz, anp Muygnat Propvem

THE COMMITTER. Woods. §
mens of native woods in polished slabs, it
natural bark. (102.) Almond (Terminal
lappa). (108.) Anodyne, (104.) Calabash (0
centia cujete), (105.) Cedar-Barbados (Cs
odorata), (106.) Cordia (Cordia
(107,) Bbony - Barbados (Acacia
(108.) Fig-tvee, (109.) Fustick (Maclura ti
toria), (110,.) Fiddle-wood perp ei

reum). (111.) Inga (Inga purpurea). (112
Locust (Hymenwa courbaril), (118.) Ligny
vite (Guaracum officinale). (114.) Mahogar
(Swielenia mahogani), (115.) Mango( Mangife
Indica), (115a.) Manchancel (JTippomane wm
cinella), (116,) Seaside grape (Cocooloba u
Jera), (117.) Tamarind (Tamarindus India)
(118,) Whitewood (2ignonia leuconylon).

THE COMMITTEE, Specimens
building stone in pedestal blocks with shaf
(119.) Fine coral stone, (120,) Common rongl
building stone, (121.) One pair of limeste
filters in frame,

THE COMMITTEE AND JAMEB
SMITH & CO. (122.) Bricks. Specimen
of native materials and manutacture,

THE COMMITT TE, (123.) Manjack
Specimens of a bituminous coal found in variow
purts of the Scotland formation.

CHAMBERS, SIR GEO. (124.) Grea
tar or crude petroleum. A mineral produd
found in considerable quantities in parts of
island, An excellent lubricator for ie i
chinery of slow xetion, The specimens sho
are from Springficld Estate, the property of th
Pxhibitor. (I 5.) Tnfusorial earth, or Barbad
tripolite. This earth is found hy enormowi
quantities. It is peculiar to Barbados, consis
ing almost entirely of the fossil remains
Polycystina. It is a bad conductor of heut and
has been used with advantage for covering
boilers. Also (125a) Stag’s-horn Coral,

THE COMMITTEHE. (126.) Polycystis
mounted as microscopic objects. ‘This coilectia
contains all the most characteristie forms
Polyeystina and Diatomacess found in the Bi
bados infusorial earth. The general characte
istics of Polycystina are best seen by using #

wer of eighty diameters with blacks ground
illuminating their structure by a higher
as transparent objects. The earth used for th
papeenoe sass was abiaieet S)

ringfield, Cambridge, Bissex a pele
vin's Hill. Prepared by J. B. Harrison, Bu
Island Professor of Chemistry, (127.) Phowm,
hate rock. Recently discove on Oxford
state, St. Peter’s parish. The samples &
amined up to the present time contain neatly
seventy per cent. 0 phosphates,

Barbados. ‘

BARBADOS GENERAL AGRICUL-
JRAL SOCIETY. (128.) May dust. A
timen of the volcanic ashes which fell upon
dos on the Ist of May, 1812, These ashes
carried by the upper current of the trade

ind in a due eastwardly direction from St.

incent to Barbados, a distance of ninety miles,

the eruption of the Sodffriere or Morne Garon,

lar ashes fell upon the ship Neptune 600

ies to the eastward of the island on the Srd

Ciass 5,
Ants, MANUFACTURES, AND MISCELLANEOUS.
WOOD, ©. A. (129.) Aloes (in gourd),

he inspissated juice of the leaves of the Hepatic

Barbados aloe (Aloe vulgaris),

JONES, HON. W. H. (130.) Baskets.
le by the natives,

MASSIAH, J. P. Pa Baskets, from
tive materials, (132.) Baskets from native
rials,

ARTHUR, ROBERT. (183.) Calabashes.
els made from the shell of tho fruit of the
bash-tree (Orescentia cujete). The fruit

bwé from the trunks and boughs of the tree,

d is filled with an acid pulp.

SEALY, DR. JOHN. (134.) Calabashes.
rved and fretted.

Exhibited in Picture Gallery. BRIGGS,
RGRAHAM. (135.) Carib relics. Col-
ion of stone axes and chisels, polished and
polished, and of white chisels cut from the
th shell. All the latter were found in Bar-
Hos, ‘Phe former were collected in Barbados,
Kitts, Nevis, Antigua, St. Lucia, and St.
heent. (136.) Carib relies, Two faces, one
ulded in clay, and oue (very small) carved
me, Both found in Barbados.

ONES, HON. W. H. (187.) Carib
cs. Two faces moulded in clay. Found
bin Barbados, on the eastern or Bathsheba
, Nore. Cocoanut ornaments, Made from
shell of the nut or fruit of the palm (Cocos
ifera). (139.) Cocoanut dippers, (140.)
oanut ets,

HE COMMITTER, (i41.) Cotton (raw).
bados (Gossypium Barbadense),

VALTON, G. O'D., M.D. Fibres
tufactured), (142.) Edible banana (Musa
tum). (143.) Bowstring hemp (Sansevieria
mica). (144.) Fourcroya Oubensis. (145.)
Americana (a bale).

\ore.—These fibres are all machine cleaned,

the “Death and Ellwood” being the
machine used.]

411
HAYNES, MI88 M.A. Fancy Work
(Point aoe) * (147, Border for pooket hark

PIGGOTT, MISS M. Fancy Work
(Point Lace), (148.) Lady’s tie, (149.) Fichu,

HOWELL, MRS. J. Fancy Work (Point
Lace). (150.) Cushion top.

GILKHS, MISS M. L.
(Embroidery), (151.) Two et
chiefs, (152.) Body to infant's robe,

HOWELL, MRS. J. Fancy Work (Em-
broidery). (153.) Pocket handkerchief,

PIGGOTT, MISS M. Fancy Work (En
broidery,) (152a.) One piece (‘Tetting),

DONAVAN, MISS F. (154.) White
fichu, (155.) Old-gold cushion top.

THE COMMITTEE. Fancy Work (Tat-
ting). (156.) Collar and tie.

SPENCER, MISS OC. Faney Work.
(157.) Doyleys, set of, made of the bark of the
Lagetia Lintiaria tree, bordered with the
spatha or sheath of the fruit of tle Mountain
Cabbage Palm and ornamented with tropical
ferns. (157a.) Lamp Shades, Ditto,

THE COMMITTEE. Fancy Work.
(158.) Infant’s Socks, worsted (handmade),

REECE, MISS F. Fancy Work. (159.)
Lace collar.

FARNUM, MISS. Fancy Work, (160.)
Table-cloth of crewel embroidery.

THE COMMITTEE, Plain Sewing.
(161.; Infant’s robe, trimmed with tatting.
(161a.) Infant’s underclothing. (162.) Infant's
robe, — Faucy work, Spanish needlework,
flowers &e., made from the epidermis of the
leaves cf the Yucea draconis.,

CLARKSON, MISS. Fancy Work.
(162a,) Flowers of Spanish needlework. (163.)
Assorted flowers and feather.

TAYLOR, MISS. Fancy Work. (164.)
Fan trimmed with flowers.

CLARKSON, MISS E. J. Fancy Work.
(165.) Bonnet.

MURPHY, MRS. Fancy Work. (166.)
Bonnet. (167.) Hat.

CLARKSON, MISS E. J. Fancy Work.
(168.) Wreath and sprays of white roses,
(169.) Wreath and sprays of pink roses. (170.)
Wreath and sprays of yellow roses.

THE COMMITTEE. Fancy Work.
(170a.) A basket filled with flowers,

Faney Work
handker-

412 Barbados,

SINCLAIR, MISS A. Fanmwy Work
(171.) A basket made of the husk, trimmed
with the grain, and filled with the bloom of
the Indian corn or maize (Zea mays).

THE COMMITTER. Fancy Work.
(172.) A basket made of the husk of the Indian
corn or maize.

TAYLOR, MISS F. Fancy Work (Shell
Work), (173.) Necklace, &c., of rice shells,
(174.) Necklace, &c., of rice shells, (175,)
Necklace, &¢., of green pea shells.

WITHSTANDLEY, MRS. Fancy Work
(Shell Work). bp, Necklace, &c., of green
pea shells and Fish Scale Work.

TAYLOR, MISS F. Fancy Work (Fish
Seale Work). (177.) ‘Two banners. (178.) Fan.

THE COMMITTEBR. Fancy Work (Fish
Scale Work), (179.) Bonnet.

MAPP, MISS C. Fancy Work (Seed
Work). (180,) Basket of flowers composed of
forty-eight varieties of native seeds,

INNISS, MISS F. Fancy Work (Seed
Work), (181.) Basket of minosa and crab eyes. | account of the island of Nevis.

TRACHY, MRS. 0. Fancy Work (Seed | CARTER, G. B. A West Indian ho
Work). (18la.) Necklace of seeds with gold scale 1” to 10",
mounting. THE COMMITTEER. (216.) A cal

- (S cart, (217.) A mule cart. (218.) A mule t
pFOUESOW, MRS. Fou Work, Get] fy GH dhe homes of mg
Tears. (183.) Necklace and bracelets of moa- ping-fish boas with one mast ceca’s
bitos. (184.) Necklaco and bracelets of crab having on board two miniature nee
eyes. (185.) Bracelet of melon seeds, (185a.) used for catching flying-fsh. OM) 1

wo bags mimosa seeds. (186.) Three neck- prone two meee (eens P Pg vt
laces of mimosa seeds, (187.) Seven pairs of (291 rr ( — ‘ “ ‘ . rh “oaia)
bracelets of mimosa seeds. (188.) ‘wo pairs > SA TAMER ee” err

; ; Oo. flying fish net. Pottery, native materials
wh coon psitolirsanaiaay (189,) Two neck- | nianufacture 1—(222.) Monkeys. (223.) Got

(224.) Goblets. (225.) Goblets.
REECE, MISS F. Fancy Work (Seed ;
Work), (190) Frame mahogany seeds with MAXWELL, Captain Is B Bim

cane arrow. Staffordshire (64th) Regiment. (2

Photographs. Views of Barbados taken by
MASSIAH, MRS. Fancy Work (Seed

Exhibitor.
beg (190a.) String of seeds of the Mackaw| QGAMPION, J. W., Photograpl
Palm.

(227.) Photographs. Views of Barbabos takea!
BRAITHWAITE, B. (191.) Fancy Work | he Exhibitor.
(Models of native fruits in wax).

COOPER, W. G., FRotoaenn oe
WITHSTANDiLEY, MRS, (192.) Fern Photographs. Views of Barbados taken by
leaves (native), arranged in frame,

Exhibitor. Large size.
PARKINSON, C. P. (229.) Paul
THE COMMITTEE. (192a.) Hammocks,
native materials and manufacture.

stamps and seals of Barbados from 1852 to
present date. Collected by the Exhibitor.
CLARKE, MISS JULIA. = (193.)
Joiner’s work. An inlaid bracket of native

POYER, 8. W. (280.) Paintings (ail)
woods. Made by the Exhibitor.

native artists.
THE COMMITTEE, (14.) Joiner’s

BOWEN, EB. F, 8. (232b.) Land “i
(small size). Subject “The Sea

work. An inlaid table of West Indian woods,

native workmanship.

-

CLARKB, JULIA.
Joiner’s work, A work-box of native we
Made by the Exhibitor, (196) A picture f
of native woods, Mude by the Exhibitor,

BELFIELD,} ALLAN. (196a.)
building.

THORNE, H. B., of the Antilles
nure Works. Manures and chemical prod
197.) Autilles cane manure, (198.) Aati
atoon manure, (199,) Antilles preparat
manure. (200,) Aruba-phosphate dust. (2
Bone dust. (202.) Dissolved bones.
Super-phosphate ot 1ime (aruba phosphate

BERT, L., B.8.C., of Reef Manure
Chemical Works. (204.) Complete
cane manure, (205.) Garden manure for trop
plants, (206.) Paragrass manure, (207.) Rate
manure, (208,) Sugarcane manure, (2
Sulpho-phosphate solution.

BRIGGS, SIR GRAHAM, (210.) Ms
books, &c. Thirty-four maps and charts of y
islands of Barbados, Nevis, St. Kitts, &e.
by the Exhibitor. (211.) A large West Inii
atlas, (212.) Ligon’s History of Barbad
(213.) Two old Italian books. (214.) A mot

Bath.” Painted and exhibited by
hibitor.

Barbadoe,

MoNICOL, ALICE. Pickles. (283.)

pidkles, (234.) Hot sauce. (235.) Mango
Phutney. (236.) Pickled cabbage, palm blos-
m to97, Pickled man (238,) Pickled
wpiws (stuffed) and their blossoms.

REECH, M. DB. (259.) Fandy pickles.
).) Hot sauce, (241.) Pickled cabbage.

Pickled golden apple. (213.) Pickled
joseberries, (244,) Pickled mangoes, (245.)
kled pine-apple. (246.) Pickled pawpaw
0ss0Ms, (247. Pickled tamarinds.

McNICOL, ALICE. (248.) Pickled
ppers. Assorted peppers. (249.) Bonnet
pers. (250.) Negro peppers. (25).) Chilli
ppers.

REECE, M. B. (252.) Bonnet peppers.
253.) Bonnet peppers (stuffed), (254.) Negro
peppers.

THE COMMITTEE. (255.) Pepper,
gy supplied from Government Botanical
Station,

ADAMSON, MISS. Preserves.
Candied shaddock rind.

BATSON, MRS. ROBT. (257.) Candied
dock rind. (258,) Candied grape fruit

nd

THE COMMITTEE.
forbidden fruit.

SEALE, M. B.A, (260.) Candied ginger.
261.) Oherry jam.

THE COMMITTER. (262.) Farth or
bea Nuts in sugar cakes,

SEALE, M. B.A. (263.) Guava marma-
de(without seeds), (264.) Guava marmalade
with seeds).

ADAMSON, MISS. (265.) Guava mar-
malade (in cakes).

THE COMMITTEE. (266.) Guava jelly.

SPRINGER, MRS. EB. J. (267.) Guava
jelly,

SEALE, M. BE. A. (268.) Golden apple
jam. (269,) Gooseberry jam. (270.) Lime jam.
(271.) Orange marmalade. (272.) Pawpaw
jam. (272a.) Pine applejam. (273.) Preserved
inger. (274.) Preserved guavas, (274a.)
Preserved tamarinds. (275.) Preserved lemon
tind. (276.) Preserved limes. (277.) Pre-
served orange rind. (278.) Preserved pine

le. (279.) Preserved shaddock rind. (280.)
Shaddock marmalade. 281.) Sorrel jam.
(282.) Tomato jam.

JONES, HON. W.H. (283.) Rat Traps.
Native manufacture and materials.

(256.)

(259.) Candied

418

THE! COMMITTED. Seeds. Native
ornamental seeds as follows :—(284.) Assorted
seeds, (285.) Crabs eyes or precatorius
(286,) Castor oil seeds (Ricinis communis
(287.) Cireassiin beads (Adenanthera tina
288.) Flamboyraut (Poineiana regia), (289.)

orse-eyes (Mucana urens). (290.) Job's tears
(Coia lachryma). (291,) Lenten beans. (202.)
Moabites (Jnga unguis-cati), (298.) Nickar
ct bonducella), (294.) Nickar (Gui-
andina bonduc), (205.) Soapberries (Sapindus
saponaria), (296.) Soapberries (Sapindus sa-
ponaria), (297.) Sandbox, loaded as paper-
weights (Hura ecrepitans). (298.) Tamarind
(Tamarindus Indica), (299.) Woman’s tongue
(Albizzia lebbeck). (303.) Jumbie beans, (301.
Seeds (in pods) Annotto (Bina orellana) ron}
Cassia Fistula, (303.) Flamboyant (Poineiana
regia), (304.) Locust (ymenwa courbaril),
(305.) Nickar (Guilandina bonducella). (306.)
Shittim (Acacia Arabica),

SEALY, T. H. (807.) Turtle shell-work
bracelets (two pairs), (308.) Card receiver.
(304.) Comb, (319,) Crosses (seven). (311.)
Earrings (three pairs). (312.) Hearts (four).
(313.) Necklace brooch, and earrings, (314.)
Necklace, brooch, and earrings. (315.) Orna-
ments (two) (316.) Paper knives (two).
(317.) Slides (two).

ALLEYNE, MR. & MRS. FORSTER.
(317a.) Glass case containing two pink pearls
found in Barbados; twelve d’oyleys, represent-
ing native flowers, worked by Mrs. Alleyne:
specimens of seeds in necklaces; turtle shell-
work bracelets; Carib shell knives, chisels, &c.

GIBBONS, MRS. W. BARTON.
(317b.) Sketches of plants, &e.

Crass 6,

Fisnentus,
THE COMMITTEE. Shells. Collee-

tion of native shells as follow. (The names of
these shells were supplied by Mr. John Parkin-
son.) (318.) Achatinu variegata (agate shell).
(319.) Argonauta argo (paper nautillus). (320.)
Bulla — (321.) Bulla physis. (822.)
Bulimus oblongus (garden snail). (323.) Cassis
tuberosa (Queen conch). (324.) Cassis testicu-
losa. (325.) Cassis flammea. (326.) Columbella
nitidula, (327.) Columbellu mercatoria, (828.)
Cyprea cxanthema (spotted cowry). (829.) Cy-
prea sulcata (puppy eyes). (3830.) Oypraa
punctata, (331.) Cyprea cinerea, (382.) c UT)

qlobosa. (333.) Cyprea suffusa, (834.) Comus
mus (spinner) (335.) Conus luteus. (386.)
Conus oceineus, (337.) Conus purpurascens.

(338.) Conus cedo-nulli, (839.) Coronula dia-
dema (barnacle off whale). (340.) Chiton magni-
ficus, (341.) Chiton limaciformis, (342.) Chiton
Barbadensis. (343.) Dentulium cornaceum.
(344.) Dolium perdiz. (345.) Fissurella eancel-
lata. (346.) Fusus articulatus. (847.) Hyalia

414

gibbosa (glass bubbles). Ge) Tanthina com-
munis or fragilis. 9.) Luecina punetata.
(350.) Lucina pulchella (rose shells), (351.)
na tigrina, (352.) Lepas quinquevalvis
barnacle off Ngee? (353.) Nerita versicolor.
$54.) Nertinia viridis (green pea shell). or
gibbosa. (356.) Oliva porphyria. (357.
Oliva communis wang olive shell), (358.)
Pyramidella de ta (gold hair or twist).
(359.) Dinna rudis (wing shell), (360.) Pennia
bullata., (361.) Pteroceraslambis. (362.) Pyrula
melongena. (363.) Ranilla ranina, (364.) Sea-
laria calthrus, (365,) Strombus gallus (batshell).
(366.) Strombus gigas (giant or king conch).
(367.) Strombus auris Diane. (268.) Spirula
clavis australis, (369.) Tellina radiata (aurora
shells). (370.) Terebra hastata (piercer). (371.)
Terebra tigrina. (372.) Trochus excaratus
(common). (373.) Trochus tubiferus. (374.)
Turbo hippocastaneum (red coral shell). (375.)
Turbo pica. (376.) Triton femorale (sea trumpet).
377.) Mr riton variegatum (tobaccovonch). (378.)
oluta coffea, (379.) Voluta minuta, (380.)
Voluta musica (music shell).

PIERCE, T. EB. Shells. Collection of
native shells as follows :—(881.) Arca modiolus.
oe Area Now. (383.) Achatina variegata.
(384.) Avica heteroptera. (385.) Buccimum

lwmatum. (386.) Bulla ampulla, (387.) Bu-
Finns oblongus. (888.) Cardium citrium. (389.)
Oussia testiculuea. (890.) Cassis saburon. (891.)
Columbella mercatoria. (392.) Columbella niti-
dula, (393.) Coffea minuta. (394.) Comus mus.
(895.) Conus occineus, (396.) Conus cedo-nulli.
(397.) Cyprxa cinerea. (398.) Cyprea spurca.
£3993 yprea exanthema. (400.) Cypraa sul-
cata. (401.) Dolium perdiz. (402.) Fissurella
cancellata. (403,) Fusus sulcatus. (404,) Hin-
nites cortesii. (405.) Ianthina communis. (406.)
Lucina punctata, (407.) Lucina Pensylvanica.
(408.) Lucina pulchella, (41:9.) Lucinas com-
munis or fragilis, (410.) Marginella aulia.
(411.) Modiola tulipa. (412.) Natica caurena.
(418.) Natica mammilla, (414.) Natica pes
elephantis. (415.} Nerita peloranta or versicolor.
(416.) Nerita exuria, (417.) Nertinia pupa.
(418.5 Nertinia viridis. (419.) Olivia jaspidea.
( 420.) Oliva porphyria, (421.) Ovula gibbosa.

Barbados.

ar vey aoe (hin) Posten ft
ectuncu au ; i . (498:
Pyramidilla dolabrata. (iat) “Plana
(428.) Scalaria calthrus. (429.) Spirula a
tralis, (480.) Strombus gigas.
gallus, (482.) Strombus auris Diana. (433,
Strombus troglodytes. (434.) Fellina radiatg
(485.) Tellina interrupta. (436.) Terebra haste

taneum.
Triton femorale, (444.) Triton rubeculum, e
Voluta musica, (450.) Voluta coffea. 511
TAYLOR, SAMUEL. (454)
(198 specimens).

(437.) Turbo muricatus. (438.) Turbo pic
(489.) Turbo hippoeas (440.) Tre
excavatus (natural and cleaned). (441.)
chlorostomum. (442.) Triton variegatum. (443
Triton cutaceum. (446.) Venus paphia.
Venus undata. (448.) Venus casta.
Voluta modulosa. (452.) Voluta oscillata. (48
Voluta nigra or Oliva uryza.
Curios. Flying fish in pickle.
THE COMMITTEE. (455.) “ Hedgehog’
TAYLOR, K. EDMUND. (456.) Ja
of a barracouta, (457.) Jaws of a shark.

THE COMMITTEE, (458.) Lobst
(“Horseshoe”), 459.) Medusa. Mos

(460.) Carrageen moss. (461.) Collection |
native mosses, (462.) Pentacrinus caput medr

TAYLOR, SAMUEL. (463.) “ Pipe fish

THE COMMITTEE. (464.) Sea en
(3 specimons). (465.) Sea fans, (2 specimen
(466.) Sea horse (hippocampus). (467.) 8
stars (star fish), (3 specimens), (468.) 8
weeds, (469.) Sea weeds with spiders twine
about it.

BERT, L., B.8S.C. (470.) Small fishes
various varieties in spirit.

THE COMMITTEE. (471.) Trunk fi
(472,) Vertebra of a shark. (473.) Mari
Corals. “ Brain” coral (2 specimens). (47%
“Oarnation” coral (2 specimens). (4%
“Ginger” coral. (476.) “Stag’s horn” coril

( 415 )

THE WINDWARD ISLANDS.

jis group now includes the islands of Grenada, St. Lucia,"St. Vincent, aud Tobago,
taining an aggregate of 622 square miles, and therefore not the size of Glamorganshire,
bados has lately been sepurated from them and formed into a separate Government. They
presided over by a Governor in ©! \ef, who resides in Grenada, as the seat of government,
p other islands having a resident administrator. Each island has its separate legislature, laws
d tariff. They may thus be described as a pseudo-confederate government, being one for
poses of external policy, although of course not a supreme government.

Last year they were consulted by the Home Government as to their desire to enier into a
mplete union, and decided to remain as they were. What is urgently required is that they
ould be one towards the outside world, in tariffs, trade regulations, and commercial policy
erally, And as soon as this can be done for all the West Indies the better for those

essi0nNs.

GRENADA.

This beautiful little island has been of late the solace of West Indian administration,
is considered par excellence the island of the peasant proprietor; and a steadily increasing
enue has testified to their growing prosperity. Many people think it the most beautiful of
est Indian islands; it certainly has portions which cannot be surpas' id; our ride through
cocoa plantations and bush was one of the pleasantest pieces of West Indian experiences ;
d in our diary we find the words—* This seems to be the land of sunsets,”

Originally settled by the French as a private speculation, it was surrendered in 1762 to the
glish, reconquered for a time, but finally ceded to Great Britain at the peace of Versailles.
possesses a good but confined harbour, which is capable of improvement, but not under
sent circumstances worth large expenditure. The capital town of St. George’s, which is
ilt on it, is probably the hilliest town in the West Indies, which is saying a good deal.
Pierre and St. Thomas certainly are not nearly so inconvenient. The population is largely
pnan Catholic—in this respect it stands after Dominica and St. Lucia. Similarly many of the

mmes both of estates and ports or creeks are French, while in the English-settled islan’s the

glis or old Carib name predominates. ii

It is constantly stated that sugar in Grenada is a moribund indus’ 7, This may be strong
an article which contributes one-tenth of the rev nue in excise dut; and one-twelfth of the
ports, The meaning is that sugar estates are everywhere giving way to the cocoa and spice;
i certainly the sugar estates were marked by dilapidated works and houses whose glory had
parted; all that was new, vigorous and spic and span was centred round groves of cacao and
Imegs. Nevertheless, sugar cultivation, or at least the manufacture of rum, still has its place
theisland. In regard to rum, every island should be self-sufficient ; and a good excise system
H replenish not only the State cofiers but the planters’ pockets.

In the quality of its cocoa, which may be called the staple of the island, Grenada stands
Kt to ‘Trinidad, and may with care soon have a name for its cocoa nibs as well as its larger

Probably some of the cocoa exported from Grenada at this time is not inferior to the best
nidad, though its price is from ten to twelve shillings a ewt. lower, but the mase of the nibs
cured by peasant proprietors in a crude manner which renders the article inferior in the
tket; and the majority of the production gives the name to the rest.

In respect of nutmegs, cloves, and other spices, Grenada has brought on itself a distinct
gation, It has come into competition with the great East India islands of Java and Sumatra;
i the quality of its produce in Mincing Lane is equal to the best in the market. The West
fies have the freight decidedly in their favour, and care in cultivation will complete the
eess of the competition. Consequently there is decidedly room in the Windward Islauds

416 The Windward Islands.

for an enterprising capitalist ; in order to compete with the East Indies, science, thought, a
real irterest in the work is needed. Capital without mind will be as slow to succced
the ephemeral practice of the negro proprietor. Vanilla has not yet been grown with ay
success in Grenada; the flower and bean have not been produced; hero is an opening
interesting experiment.

Why Grenada has sprung so far ahead of its neighbours is a difficult question to ar
Wo hardly think the soil is peculiarly adapted for the products we have named, nor doe
appear to possess more Scotchmen than the other islands. Perhaps its inferiority in sug
producing was more marked, and set one or two master minds thinking sooner. An histori
answer to this query would be interesting. At any rate, it has now developed an unm
able want—that of good internal communication, At the same time it has the means,
therefore, the right to supply that want. Grenada is the worst off of the four islands for m
Beyond a few miles near the capital, and around Grenville—the little town of second import
—communication by land is reduced to mere bridle-tracks ; in the richest parts of the ia,
commerce is strangled for want of decent roads; only now is an effurt being made to re
the reproach. A trunk-road across the island from Gouyave to Grenville has been beg
and if the former is connected by another road, either with the capital or with Sauteurs, thr
the valleys inland, the first step will have been taken towards placing the finest part @
Grenada in direct connection with the sea.

Of the Grenadine islands under the Government of Grenada, Carriacoo is the chief,
commercial importance is at present nil, nor are we aware that any one has suggested a fut
for them, except as a central leper asylum for the West Indies. Even though startling, the
deserves consideration ; forcible isolation scems to be the only way of stamping out the lo
some Cisease of leprosy.

8ST, LUCIA.

Most fantastic in outline and configuration of all the West India islands, St. Luck
recognised at once from a distance by the two pillars of rock—pitons, or “ sugar-loafs”—w
rise abruptly from its southern extremity. It is one of those islands for which we prop
a brilliant future. Its career under British rule has been so unassuming that its natunl
portance has been forgotten. Without earning the reputation of great prosperity, it hast
suffered the extreme of adversity. After Dominica, it is the largest of the smaller islands,
after Dominica, the least opened up to enterprise.

It is again like Dominica in being still thoroughly French. After being the scene of sm
fighting, connected with the name of Abercrombie, it was finelly conquered by the Englis
1803, and definitely assigned to them by the Treaty of Paris iSi4. Nearly three-quarters d
century have not effaced the dressiness and patois delivered by the French to the mg
during twice that period previously. It has never had an elective House of Assembly, |
always governed by the Crown. In this respect it is on a par with Trinidad. Yet at
present time the St. Lucia and Trinidad Councils are decidedly of a better stamp than
more recent institutions of their neighbours. It cannot be denied that under the ¢
Colony system, through a certain period, there is a regular progress, while under pseudo-p
constitutions, where they are alien to the ideas of the masses, the tendency has been retrog

Going quietly forward ‘om year to year, St. Lucia has lately had a decided vote ¢
favour of its future advancemeut, by being chosen as the second station for the Imperial fle
the West Indies. Castries Harbour is in size only inferior to that of Jamaica, and in
points superior. Works for its improvement are now busily in progress, and the money
the Colony is spending will no doubt be a good investment. If and when the Panama Ca
opened, we believe St. Lucia will be the chief port of all for the traffic passing througt
Castries is more on the line for European steamers than many of the islands, while it ha
attraction of a first-rate harbour. It is worth while here to warn the West Indies gent
against too much dependence on the hope of the Panama Canal, which can but benefit
three islands directly.

In possessing a usine, or central sugar factory, perfectly equipped with the best mac
St. Lucia is alone amongst the British possessions in the West Indies. Not only has the onfj
factory, in which the Government hose considerable stake, been at work for some yes

The Windward Islands. 417

por three other attempts have been made quite recently to follow the example of its success,
island appears better suited for sugar than its neighbours, inasmuch as the valleys
h run up from the sea spread out into plains inland, instead of being more and more
fined by mountains. A considerable quantity of land in such positions has never been in
tivation. Had it not been for the low price of sugar in 1884-5, there would probably have
n at least three sugar factories working full time in the Colony ; and, in any case, no colony
in future do better in sugar than St. Lucia. Looking forward, we should place St. Lucia
as regards sugar, Dominica and Grenada in other products,
In the growth of cacao and spices some progress has been made of late; and for the further
opment of this enterprise there is a tendency to look to peasant proprietors. There is no
m why such proprietors should not be as successful as they are in Grenada; but still
er success would attend the owner of capital. Capital must be sunk for six or seven yeara
hout return, and this is the drawback which makes most men hesitate. After that time,
er present conditions, a rich harvest is reaped, The negro proprietor, on the other hand,
his yam and awaits the maturity of the cacao with comparative indifference. But there ig
lently a notion in the Colony that the peasant requires more than this ; that the Government
ild guarantee advances of capital for the cultivation of cocou, nutmegs, cloves, cinnamon, vanilla.
h a system of advances works well in parts of India in the cultivation of opium; it is a plan
h should not be hastily condemned, but it should be adopted with the utmost caution. The
draft of a scheme from St. Lucia not only involved the Government in the maximum of
but, without very clearly helping the peasant proprietors, very distinctly suggested the
fering up of muscovado sugar. Now, whatever the future of sugar may be in the West
and we believe it to be a fair one—it is certain that a gradual abandonment of existing
is, and the superannuated muscovado sugar is a necessity.
St. Lucia has been the only one of the small colonies which has regularly and effectively
coolie labour since its first introduction into the West. Lately there has not been work
gh, or wages enough, for coolie and negro, and the latter race has been migrating to the
ma Canal. The harbour works should stop this exodus, which is a serious matter, although
population, which is about 160 to the square mik, is not so sparse either here or in the other
Indies as is sometimes thought,

8T. VINCENT,

St. Vincent is the most English of the group called Windward Islands. Even in its present
h condition, it has more of the sentiment of English society about it than its neighbours,
& man-of-war meets with a greater ovation from the youths and maidens of this island
itdoes in most places. It is a fine island which has dropped into an almost unaccounte
state of decadence. Its lofty central peaks are thickly wooded, and attract a considerable
l. The Mariaqua valley is among the best examples of rich inland scenery and ground
ed for every kind of tropical culture. Towards the north-east fine plain sweeps to the sea.
It is one of the two remaining islands, the other being Dominica, where the last traces of
ibs, or old conquering savages of the West Indies, remain. The “Carib country” on the
of the island still testifies to the sanguinary guerilla warfare which the dusky warriors
wined against the settlers. There are but 192 Caribs, or half-Caribs, left in St. Vincent ;

ney are not so distinctive in occupation and character as the 310 of Dominica,
Mt. Vincent was not finally confirmed to England till 1795. In the early part of the 18th
ty, the French and English agreed to treat it as neutral, both disliking, more or less, the
dealing with the Caribs. After the English had made a determined effort to settle it,

bre still twice ousted for a time by the French.
ts present state of penury ia usually ascribed to the monopoly of landed property held by
m, and the facilities of squatting afforded to the negroes by the large quantity of
ned Crown lands, The first of these causes must not be pushed too far ; just the same argu-
has been used in respect of Tobago. In a great number of cases the firms which now
a8 monopolists would willingly have-declined the position; but once having begun by
8 advances to failing proprietors, estates have come on them too fast, and bad times have—
“Forced them, though: it were in spite
Of reason and their stars,”

265

413 The Windward Islands.

to take up another and another estate, till it was quite impossible to work them properly. 7
oceasion to cry out against these people will be the day when they refuse to alienate to vigo
capitalists.

The treatment of Crown lands is the chief question before the St. Vincent Go
the present time. A vigorous aud fairly complete survey is required at once, to be fo
a systematic check on unauthorized occupation, while securing under proper 7 syment thos
are hc'*‘ng and cultivating patches of ground belonging to the Crown. At the same time
requireu to secure the forests from wanton destruction. Much use may be made of the
of the forest officer, who is at present going through the West Indies.

One effect of a proper policy as regards Crown lands is expected to be the repletion of
labour market. Some limited good may be done; we incline to think the prospect is q
rated. More probably it will encourage a more or less thrifty cleas of small proprietom,
will gradually become as successful as those of Grenada.

We are not aware why St. Vincent should be less adapted for cocoa and spices th
neighbour. Some attempts are being made in that direction; the negroes have been ind
to plant and cultivate small estates fcr small capitalists, on the condition of receiving a po
of the trees as their property as soon as the plantation begins to bear. We are assured
they have shown neither interest nor perseverance, and the experiment has so far failed,
and patience are, indeed, required in dealing with the negro.

Arrowroot is the product in which St. Vincent has a special name, and it is worth whi
make every effort to retain its pre-eminence. Surely, also, a great deal more might be don
and elsewhere in the raising of the cassava, or farine manioe. Cassava cakes are an excellenth
fast dish; they and guava jelly should find their way to every Iinglish breakfast-table.

Sugar, the staple product, with its accompaniments of rum and molasses, can be m
satisfactory export by better manufacture ard more open and spirited trading. Seeing
well it grows in most parts of the island, the effort is worth making.

South of St. Vincent, towards Grenada, lies the group of little islands called the Grer
the northern portion of which belongs to the Government of St. Vincent. Stock-raising and
pre their chief attractions; civilisation can barely be said to have reached them,

TOBAGO.

Poor little Tobago—ever struggling with financial difficulty ! Now in truly the last
depression, where tho finest estates have just come into the London market without a
offer, and the negroes are selling their horses to Trinidad for little more than the amount
enn; :

Robinson Crusoe’s island it is sometimes supposed to be; but a study of the chartma
Defoe’s bearings shows that the position of that hero’s kingdom is purely imaginary.
may, however, have received a detailed description of this particular island from some se
friend, and have modelled on it his immortal conception, In no way approaching the gm
of its neighbours, Tobago is nevertheless an attractive and well-dowered land, in many %
more intensely tropical than the islands te the sicrth, its sweeps of sand lined with coe
palms, and washed by the surf of the restless Caribbean, surpassing anything of the ki
have seen eleewhere. Geologically it is allied to Trinidad and the Spanish main, and sep
from the more or less active volcanic formation to the north. Probably it once formed the
north-easterly point of the South American continent, at the end of the arm which «
the Guif of Paria. The flora and fauna, in particular the birds, point to the same connect

It would thus be natural to include it in the Government of Trinidad: and the exp
of so doing has been mooted and considered, The objection comes chiefly from the side
richer Colony; Tobago would also be slow to take upon herself the heavier burden of
which the Trinidad rate would impose. The important question is whether union with i
would increase its prosperity. Some day it might; but the whole northern coast of Tri
ae a undeveloped ; its civilization should precede the elevation of Tobago
Trini

Dependent chiefly on one mail a month for its connection with the outer world, ¥
telegraphic communication, its finest estates forced into the hand of a single firm, and ¢!

eS

The Windward Islands. 419

ly along an old trodéen path, the rest of the island in the hands of negroes who, content to
happily on their small plots, have no inducement to exertion, and dislike taxation, ‘Tobago
the example of a ruinate Colony. The absence of any considerable hill produces a tendency to
mnght, especially at the south-western end of the island. Yet towards the other end of the
hern side there are plains to seaward peculiarly rich, and adapted for the sugar cane; and
ind these, and on the north side, large tracts of bush rather than woodland, and splendid
ikes of bamboos, cover ground eminently suited for cocoa and apices, as well as coffee, which
ow more determined managers are earnestly attempting to grow.
Hitherto Tobago has remained stationary; besides sugar she has exported cocoanuts; but
#0 require exceedingly vigorous pushing to make them a staple industry ; what she can do in
her produce remains to be seen. It is, however, worthy of remark that, as a rule, the
shinery for sugar manufacture on the larger Tobago estates is better than thet of the neighbour-
islands, a proof of the numerous causes which may prevent sugar from paying. Roads, too,
hough sadly in want of repair, are better in Tobago than in the sister islands,

The metayer system of sugar cultivation which obtains to a small extent in the other
indward Islands, is the prevalent form of culture in ‘Tobago, The landowner usually supplies
i, sometimes. plants, and, when the cane is ripe, gives up his mill for ite grinding, and his
ling-house for the manufacture. ‘The etayer supplies labour from first to last, and assigns to
powner of the land a fixed portion of the »roduce. This cultivation is usually poor, and great

plaints are made of the careless use of mills when given up for metayers’ days. Here in fact
aes out the natural idleness of the negro, May not the want of prosperity in the West Indies

down to this—that the mass of their inhabitants have but feebly developed the acquisitive
inct which is the bond of our modern life?

te Bottle from Annandale estate,
tolls.

Preserves,
lava, Jelly, 2 le
uimeg Jelly, 1 sample.
nge Peel, 1 sample.
ddock Peel, 1 sample.

Gums, Bark, &c,

GRENADA. Gomier Gum, 2 samples,
Cashew Gum, 1 sample.
Foop Propvcts
Cocoa-Nibe Woops For Buinpina AND OTHER Pvrposzs.
: 4 Native Woods, 125 specimens,
ren y dortag) sedans Native Shingles, 5 specimens,
me Sample, Annandale estate.
ARTS AND MANUFACTURES,
Native Walking Sticks, 51 specimens
Rolls Chocolate Fish Pots (4 river, 1 sea), 5 specimens,

Bird Cages, 2 specimens,

Baskets, Carib or Indian, 1 nest of 12 sizes,
Bamboo, 3 specimens.

Lianne, 4 specimens.

Roseau, | specimen,

Mortare-—Wooden, 1 specimen,
Mortars—Stone, } specimen,

Mats, for cocoa drying, 1 specimen.
Palliasses for Donkey Crooks, 1 set.

Sifters for Cassava, | specimen.

Cabinet Work Mahogany Dinner Wagun,

_ * Pebinet Wosk Mah Cnsket, 1
; inet Wor ogan 8 specimen,
’ at eae Chest make of six native woods, 1 ohunee

Frerovs SussTances.

Chairs, rush bottoms, 2 specimens,
Seeds, ornamental, &c., 14 samples.
Calabashes, handled ” for carrying water,

2 samples.

k Grass Fibre, 2 samples. Carving—Oups of Quashia wood, speci-
ig Boouf hag y 1 ae, mens, ‘ we
ip of fahot end Grass, 1 sample Mopmts.
hot Fibre, 2 samples, sbi ) Passenger 1 specimen.
nna Fibre, 1 sample. Fishing Canoe, 1 specimen

282

420

semen et

MrscELLANEOUS.
Indian or Carib Implements, 81 specimens

(native).
Indian or Carib Implements, 11 specimens

1 sample.

Tobacco, 2 samples.

Coffee, 1 ——

Old West Indian Newspaper—File Grenada

Chronicle, 1792.

Silver Mace, used in House of Assembly.

Animals stuffed —Opossums, 2 specimens ;
Monkey, 1 bon ge ees

Birds stuffed, fede oe eg me with nests.

Reptiles in 1, 4 bots. serpents and
snakes.

Tobacco Seed.

Grenada Pepper Seed and Ca;

India Rubber, and Milk from Ficus Radula. Oil
Artocarpus 3

India Rubber and Milk from
Bread Fruit Tree.

incisa.
India Rubber from the
Cocoa Powder.
Cocoa Rolls.
Cocoa Tablets.
Nutmegs in salt and water.
Two Table Mats.

ST. LUCIA.

SuGAR AND ITs PRopvUcts.

Cc SUGAR FACTORY.—
Sugar— ised—Ist Jet 1885. 2nd Jet
1885. 1st Jet 1886.

EMILE DEVAUX.—Muscovado.
SUGAR FACTORY. —
Sugar.

Cc
Molasses from
EMILE DEVAUX.—Rum.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. —Bay
Rum. Lemon Grass Rum.

PRESERVE®.
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Pre-
served Shaddock. Oranges. Tamarinds. Pine
Apples. vig abe: Cacao, Limes. Man
Papaw. in. Orange Jam. Grena-
ila Jam. Tomata Jam. Guava Jelly. Ta-
saarind Jelly. Cacao Jelly.
Omags Mecee®. Guava
aut Farine. Honey.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.— Cin-
Annatto Seeds.

namon. Turmeric.
Garlic. Vanilla Beans. Anise Seed. Common

galt). Common Pickles,
Pidvies, (Chow Chow. a

The Windward Islands.
W. C, QUINLAN.—Sopotes, Nut

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY,
ger.
F. W. MARIUS.—Ginger. '
A. NOUILLS. — Pulverised Cintam

Cloves, Pimento (Allspice), Nu
er, Black Pepper, Pimento (Allspice). B

epper.

bd

Fars, Orns, &o,
AGRICULTURAL SOCIBTY. —(
cro Fat. '
Ww. H. EDMUND.—Cacao Fat.

A. NOUILLE. Castor Oil.—Manohi
Oil. Cocoanut Oil.

MRS, LUCIANNA KING.—Cous

vil,

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—$
Whale Oil. Nayé Oil.

Orange, and Lemon. Tete Chien Oil.

MISCELLANEOUS,

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.-(
bashes. Calabashes, Carved, Water di
(of cocoanut),

WwW. C. QUINLAN.—Hats (Straw).
kets (fancy). Baskets of Bamboo. Bask
Roots. Fish pot (miniature) for Sea. F
for River.

AGRICULTURAL
Brooms. Dusters.

W. C. QUINLAN.—Nursery Chain.

EMILE DEVAUK. — Razor
(Agave). .

W. C. QUINLAN.—Razor strops (

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY-
toise Shell. Sponges. Torches.

mt TOINE BERNARD.—Canos

WwW. ©. QUINLAN, — Cut Coins
Mud and Thatch, Oottage. Tinder

S80CLI tal,

” | (Flint and Steel).

T, D. GORDON.—King Conch. %
Conch. Cowry.

AGRICULTURAL s0CT)
Farine Press Bag. Boe’s Wax.
Comedy (Cactus), —

Fancy Work.

38 MARIE GILBERT (St.
ph’s Convent).—Gold Embroidered Stole.
bid Embroidered Ciborium Veil.

388 JOS. JOHN DICK. — Toilet
, &e.
1. B. MURRAY.—Macramé Fringe.

Canes.

SUGAR FACTORY.—
t “ Ratoon Canes. Plant Canes,
p0 of. Ratcon Canes, Stovl of. Canes, col-

Porrery. x
HON. T, H. DIX.—Pipes.
W. C. QUINLAN.—Pipes. Flowcr Pots.

GRICULTORAL SOCIETY. — Ca-
ie Pots. Water Jars. Mug. Pipkins. Cups.
ps with handles. Goblets. Casseroles. ‘l'u-
ms. Baking Pans. Farine Baking Pans.
ukey (Pitcher).

MINERALS.
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Clay.

W. C. QUINLAN.—Clay.
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. -— Sul-
HEOPHILE ROUSSHELOT.—Geolo-
Specimens. Carib Implements.

aU aye cho DEVAUX.—Rocks and Petri-

BEVERAGES.

HON, T, HH. DIX.—Cacao.
ERRANDS ESTATE.—Cacao.
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
tolate. Chocolate, sweetened. Chocolate

ota, sweetened.
y. C. QUINLAN.—Coftee.

Guns, &c.

GRICULTURAL SOCIBTY.—Gom-
for Incense. Gomuniier for Torches.

. H, EDMUND.—Cashew.
WEEKS.—Manchioneal Milk (Sap).

The Windward Islands.

421

A. NOUILLE.—Cigars.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. -—
Cassia fistula.

H. WEEKS. Vitiver.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. — Viti-
ver.

WALKING Sticks.

TT. D. GORDON.—Gree Gree. Citronello.
Supple Jacks, polished.

AGRICULTURAL
Supple Jacks. Pimento.

T. D. GORDON.—Pimento.
F. W. MARIUS. — Pimento. Pimento,

SOCIETY.

-| polished.

T. D. GORDON.—Pimento, polished.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
Flambeau.

Fipres.
MRS. LUCIANNA KING.—Cocoanut.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Mna-
haut. Lapitre (Agave).

MRS. LUCIANNA KING.—
(Agave).
EUGENE DEVAUX.—Seaweed.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Cot-
ton. Silk Cotton.

Lapitre

Ropes.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Ma-
haut. Lapitre (Agave).

Joers’ Work,
GAITAN JEAN.—iound Table, inlaid.
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Paper
Cutters, wooden. Paper Weights, of Seeds.

Foop Propvucrs.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. —
Arrowroot.

F. W. MARIUS.—Tous les Mois.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. —-
Tania.

A. NOUILLE.—Tania.
W. H. EDMUND.— Yam.
A. NOUILLE.—Yam.

W. H. ENMUND.—Cassava. Sweet Po-
tato. Jerusalem Artichoke. Indian Oorn.

422 ) The Windward Islands.

ULTURAL SOCIETY.
sava Cakes, Cassava Farine, Cassava Flour.
Indian Corn in ear. Indian Corn Meal. Yams Temne an i my. Bol BAL, 8 ‘Bon io
for Roasting. Sweet Potatoes. Bread Nuts. | pois Creole, tte pp Retny
Cashew Nuts. Pigeon Peas. Beis Homme, Bois d’Inde. ne a
Bois de Rose. Bois Madame. Bois Ri
atk GORDON.—Pigeon Peas. White Bois Agouti. Bois de Mare. Bois. ,

Rouse). Laurier Canelle (Blanc).
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.— White

arbré. Laurier Mulatresse. Laurier P
Beans. Jerusalem Peas. Pois Sorcier. Feuille, Laurier bd ann Laurier

led

7 ineux (Noir). ineux (Blane). Fis beat

. D. al Sorcier oir) Balata ite oir). abe Campe
Chique. Re hate + ee Rouse). Angelin. Abricot. Chinna, Mab;
he? Dibasse. Palétuvier. Resin Pet
AGRICULTURAL SOCIBTY.—Pois | Feuil Savonnetto Jeaunne. Locust. J
Chique. Red Beans. Pois Chouche. gonne. Contre vent. Cedar, common. ©

(Acajou) Nouveau, Cedar, White.
went T. D. GORDON. Bonavist Beans.—Green

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. B-
ters. Rami¢, Parrot, Duck, Poule d’eau, edible

wild birds, ST. VINCENT.
All of the Fmsoe ja are indigenous to, made, p
Seeps, OkNAMENTAL AND UseFvL, ced or grown in the Colony.
—e MEY NIER.—Graines d'Am- I. Svear, Rum, Liqueurs, &e.
. Secor. 1. Crystalised Sugar.
_ AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. — Ji- 2. Muscovado Sugar.
jerie (Benney). Circassian Beads. 3. New ie R
T. D. GORDOW.—Circassian Beads. Crab bBo Mamet
eyes (Liquorice). 6. Liqueurs, &c.
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Crab :
eyes (Liquorice). IL. Foop Propucts OTHER THAN SvuGaa
Sect, 1. Raw Cozoa (Cacao).
T. D. GORDON.—Bois Immortel. ? 2. Chocolate, ; ;
8. Raw Coffee.
AGRI TURAL SOCIETY. — i- 4. Spices and Condiments.
dian Shot. Nicker. 5. Vegetable Food Products.
T, D. GORDON.—Nicker. Acacia. I hohe
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Aca- oo Se en
. : Seer
¢ 10. Pi and Sauces.
T, D. GORDON.—Angelin. 11. Honey and Bees’ Wax,

aGkicuL#URAL socteTY-io| = “=m ‘export

cust. Locust in pod.

;
A, NOUVILLE.—Noyeau. IV. Ors, Gums, Barxs, &c.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Job's | Szor. 1. neil
Tears. Annatto (Roucou). 2. Gums

Ill. Frrovs SunsTranocus.

he Archbishops an¢ Bishops of the Church of Bagland, and many eminent Clergymet ergymefi and Ministers, conente in

XFORD BIBLE FOR TEACHERS,

THE ne MATTER has comets revised and enlarged from time to time by the C
Archdeacon Palmer, Angus, and are ‘eminent Scholars. The scientific information was Papa the
vision of Professors hollectont Westwood, Lawson, and Earle, names oi the highest a' authority in )

ee _ane ent saa, te, 2, Ws

heietiicmemnast ) "a> yO Se mes ea PR eee 1g
— Loxpox: HENRY FROWDE, Oxford Univorsity Press Warehouse, Amen Corner, BC.

V. Woops.

VI. Ants anp MANUFACTURES.

1. Mineral Materials.

9. Ornamental Work.

$. Carib Baskets in form of nest.

4, All other Basket and Wicker Work.

VII. Macuinery, Mopzts, &c.

VIII. Miscet.Langovs.
. 1, Carib Relics,
2. Specimens of Articles used by the
native peasant or squatter.
8. Native or Local curiosities (exclusive
of carib).
4, Seeds of all kinds.

Crass 1.
Sugar, Rum, Liqueurs, &e.
Sxors, 1 & 2.

Scr. 3.
ONS, oF J. Kingstown. — (1)
Rum 38 per cent. OP. (made on “ Colonaric
” Estate). (2) New Rum 35 per cent.
. (made on “ Mount William’' Estate). (8)
um 34 per cent. O.P. (made on “ Mount
” Estate).

Secr, 4.
CDONALD, Wallilabo—(1) Old
inking Rum (1867). (2) Old Drinking Rum

WILLIAM, Kingston.—Old
ng Rum, upwards of ten years old (made
Clare Valley” Estate),

Sror. 6,

ARSONS, WILLIAM, Hopewell.—
Rum (made on “ Hopewell” Estate).

Ctass 2.
Food Produsts other than Sugar.
Skor. 1,
C. B., Wallibou.—Raw Cocoa.

ARSONS, WILLIAM, Hopewell.<

8. substances, leather and dried | MACDONALD,
Tanning A

a betan
; viaicbeal Darks nd substances, &c. PARSONS, W. P., Hopewell. — Raw

Wallilabo, — Raw

MACDONALD, Wallilabo. — Cocoa
Pods preserved in brine so as to show how
they grow on tho tree.

Becr, 2.
MACKIE, D. C., Owia.—Ciiocolate.

McGREGOR, Miss A., Calliaqua.—
Chocolate.

Szor. 3.

MAOKIE, D. C., Owia.—Raw Coffee,
unshelled,

MACDONALD, Wallilabo. — Raw
Coffee, unshelled.

Sect. 4.

COULL, F., Liberty Lodge.—(1) Wt
~ in brine. (2) Nutmegs, (8) Mace. )

ried Turmeric. (6) Cinnamon. (6)
Ginger. (7) Dried Cloves.

PORTER, D. K., & CO., Kingstown.
—(1) Nutmegs. (2) Mace.

PARSONS, WILLIAM, Hopewell.—
Three bottles of Peppers in briue, of different
kinds respectively.

McDONALD, MI88S M., Hopewell.—

(1) Sapot Seeds, used for flayouring. (2)
Cayenne Pepper.

SMITH, MISS M., Kingstown. —
Cayenne Pepper.

LETT, H. A. Friendship. — Black
Pepper.
FREDERICK, P. L, Layou. —(1)

Mustard Seeds. (2) Prepared Mustard.

BROWN, R. J., Fairbairns.-—Nutmegs
with Mace in Pods in brine so as to show
how they grow on the tree.

Sxor. 5.

Corn shelled. (2) Nuts. (8) One
Cocoanuts with milk.

Groun
(4) White Beans, (5)
Portuguese Beans.
co ULL, F., Liberty satee-=*), Dried
ey : : bees : ®
Plantain Meal. (4 Meal (used
thickening soups). (6) Dried Bananas.

424

HUGGINS, * Golden Vale. 1)
Cassava Cak ) Cassava Farine. 53
Indian Corn Meat 4) Blackeye Peas, (5
Pigeon Peas. (6) Buenna V Peas. (7)
Broad Beans. (8) Benna. (?) Guinea Corn,
shelled. (10) Dried Sweet Potato.

SNAGG, Canonan. — (1) Indian Corn,
= ® Indian Corn, parched and
pounded ) Sliced Dried Ochroes.

packnow. F. B., Palmiste Park. —
_ Weed Sceds, used as substitute for
coffee,

DEANE, J., Barronallio.—(1) Two
Coamente with milk. (2) Arrowroot Bittie

McDONALD, THOMAS, Hopewell.
—Couquin-tay (Plantation Meal).

MATTHIAS, T. A., Layou.—Kernels of
Native Almonds (so-called).

re P. L, Layou.—Cashew
uts,

BLACKMAN, 8. F., Kingstown. —
(1) Guinea Corn in the ear. (a) Gub Gub

ROBERTSON, G. A., Peter’s Hope.—
Indian Corn in the ear.

Seor. 6,

MACKIE, D. C., Owia. — *Arrowroot,
grown and manufactured on “ Owia” Estate.

CLOKE & STEWART. — Arrowroot,
grown and manniactured on “ Fancy ” Estate.

CLOKE, C. E., Wallibou.—(1) Arrow-
root, grown and manufactured on “ Reversion ”
Estate. (2) Arrowroot, grown and manufac-
tured on “ Cramacou ” Estate.

CLOKE & STEWART.—<Arrowroot.

DICKSON, WILLIAM, Dicksons.—
Arrowroot.

MACDONALD, Wallilabo. — Arrow-
ang grown and manufactured on “ Wallilabo ”

ROBERTSON, GEORGE, Peter’s
Hope.—<Arrowroot, grown and manufactured
on “Sharpe’s” Estate.

PARSONS, WILLIAM, Hopewell.—

Arrowroot, grown and manufactured on“ Hope-
well” Estate.

SAYER, R., Marriaqua.— Arrowroot,
own and manufactured on “Cane End”
state.

* Arrowroot is the starch of the Maranta Arundinacea.
For the commercial marks of the ve estates, vide
Key or face of case containing the several samples. _

The Windward Talands.

PORTER, D. x, & 5 0O,, n
ate Arrowroot, grown and manufactured

ark Hill” Estate. (2) Arrowroot, gm
and manufactured on “Mount Ber
Estate. (8) Arrowroot, rown and
tured on “ New Adelphi” Estate, (4).
root, grown and manufactured on “
Rivers ” Estate.

MACDONALD, Wallilabo. — kh
Arrowroot in brine so as to show the root be
it is grated,

eee

Secor. 7.
MACKIE, D. G.,,
Starch (Jatropha Manihot),

OLTON, MRS. M. A., Rath’s
Cassava Starch (Jatropha Manibot).

COULL, F., Liberty Lodge.—
Starch (Jatropha Manihot),

ADAMS, MRS. JOSEPH, Union,
Cassava Starch (Jatropha Manihot).

SAYER, R., Marriaqua. —
Starch (Jatropha Manihot),

HUGGINS, P. F., Golden V
Cassava Starch (Jatropha Manihot).

SMITH, MISS M., Kingstown.
Cassava Starch (Jatropha Manihot).
TT. B. Layou. —

TELFER,
Starch (Jatropha Manihot).

JOHN, MRS. DUBLIN, Bridgetc
—Cassava Starch (Jatropha Manihot).

BALLANTYNE, MRS. D., O1
Cassava Starch (Jatropha Manihot).

Sucr. 8.
MELVILLE, MR8., Calliaqua.—(
White Yam Starch. (2) Tapioca.

LEDGER, MRS. E., Mariaqua.—
Sweet Potato Starch. (2) Tous les * Mois

COULL, F., Liberty Lodge. — Br
fruit Starch.

BALLANYVYNE, MRS. D., O
Tannia Starch.

Sxor, 9.

SMITH, MISS M., Kingsto
Orange Marmalade. (2) Pemrtel Sli
Pine Apple. (8) Preserved Limes (two bo
(4) Preserved Otaheite Gooseberry with se
at A Preserved Otaheite Gooseberry with

(6) Preserved Outer Pulpy Shell of
Names candied (two bottles). (7) Pre
Guava. (8) Preserved ‘Tamarinds. (8) F

The Windward Islands. 425

ee

served Ginger. (10) Preserved 'l'omatoes,
(11) Preserved Outer Pulpy Shell of the Nut- Y, MRS, Kingstown, — Limo

REIL
in syrap. (12) Preserved Papaw. (18)
icimeste “Pa w and Limes. (14) White Juice prepared for exportation.

Guava Jelly. 5) Red Guava Jelly. (16)| PARSONS, WILLIAM, Hopewell.—
n ‘Apple Jelly. (17) Soursop Jelly. | Lime Juice prepared for exportation,
Nutmeg Jam. (19) Java Plum Jam,
Young Calabash Syrup.

TS een eee

Secor, °2,

C'Lass 3.
Fibrous Substances.

Fibre and Rope. (2) China Root. (3) China
Stem Fibre (raw). (4) China Stem Fibre
prepared), (6) Karata Fibre. (6) Gri Gri
‘ibre and Fishing Line. (7) Fiantain Fibre.
(8) Arrowroot Fibre. (9 v8 Flot Fibre.
(10) Cotton Fibre. (11) Pudding Vine Fibre.
(12) Silk Cotton Fibre. (18) Cocoanut Fibre
(14) Lapite Fibre.

SAYER, MRS. R., balay ico
Plantain Fibre. (2) Yucea Fibre. ) Mahoe
Pema Fibre. (4) Razor Grass Fibre. (5)
Bois Flot Fibre. (6) Cocoanut Fibre. 7)
(‘otton Fibre. (8) Groo Groo Fibre. 9)
Mt. Cabbage Fibre. (10) Dag t Fibre.
(11) American Agave Fibre. (12) Karata
Fibre. (18) Cocoa Fibre. (14) Red Rope
Vibre. (15) Arrowroot Fibre.

LAWRANG, J. (Carib.), Morne
a — Lapite Fibre and o Fishing
nes.

FREDERICK, P. 1, Layon.—(1) Two
Ropes of Mahoe Fibre. (2) Cocoanut Fibre.

MacDONALD, Wallilabo.—(1) Strain-
er Vine (sponge cucumber) Fibre. (2) Old
Man’s Beard. (8) Arrowroot Bittie (four
varieties). (4) Bed Grass,

HUGGINS, P. FOSTER, Golden
Vale.—(1) Bois Flot Fibre, accompanied by a
illow stuffed with ditto. (2) Rope made of
rata Fibre. (8) Strainer Vine (sponge cu-
cumber) Fibre.

SMITH, MISS M., Kingstown.—Rop
sage from’ fibre of tree-end of Mt. Mase
eaf,

COULL, F., Liberty .—(1) Ma-
nilla Hemp. (2) Mt. Cabbage Fibre

’ MRS. M. ¥'., Kingstown.—
Preserved Guava. (2) Preserved Ginger.
Preserved Nutmeg. (4) Preserved Limes.
5) Preserved Pine Apple. (6) Preserved

W. (7) Preserved Popaw Blossom. (8)
Nutmeg Jelly. (®) Mango Jelly. (10)
Soursop Jelly. (11) Guava Marmalade. (19)
Guava Cheese. a Prt ag Apple Jam. (14)
Guava Jam. a ) utmeg Jam. (16) Papaw
Jam. (17) Pine Apple Jam. (18) Otaheite
Goosberry Jam. (18) Papaw Chips (used as
a substitute for citron).

NEWSAM, MRS8., Kingstown. — (1)
Pine Apple in syrup. (2) Outer pulpy shell of
the Nutmeg in syrup. (8) Ginger in syrup.
(4) Otuheite Sync nsyrup. (5) Citron

syrup, (6) Shaddock in syrup. (7) Limes
in syrup (two bottles).

BROWN, R. J., Fairbairns, — (1)
Golden Apple Jelly. (2) Nutmeg Jelly. (3)
0% y- (4) Soursop Jelly. (6) Guava
ely,

McDONALD, MISS M., Hopewell,—

1) Guava Jelly. (2) Sorrel Jelly. (8) Pre-
Limes in syrup.

MELVILLE, MR&., Calliaqua.—(1)

ed Tomatoes. (2) Preserved Chrysto-

lime. &) Preserved Cocoanut. (4) Orange
e,

uaAVa,

Sror. 10,

) Pepper Juice. (2) Pepper Chow Chow Crass 4.
wo bottles Oils, Gums, Barke, de.
D Barronallie.—Cassaru Seor. 1.

EANE, J.
undation of the West Indian “ Pepper Pot”

SNAGG, Canonan.—(1) Whale Oil. (2)
BROWN, R. J.; Fairbairns.—Roo Coo

Porpoise Oil. (3) Shark Oil.
MELVILLE, MRB., Calliaqua.— Co-
coanut Oil.

COULL, F., Liberty Lodge.—Essential
Oil of Lemon Grass '

Seer. 11,
TaStON, I. 8., Kingstown.—Honey

McMILLAN, J. A., Marriaqua.—
Seeds from which the castor "oll is made,

oo J. A,, Layou,—Groo G roo
Secor. 2.

PO formes ¥., Liberty Lodge. — Gum

BALLAN
Gomier Gum and Resin.

SAYER, MRS. R., Marriaqua.—(Ca-
shew Gum.

Gomier Gum.

DASENT, MISS E., Sans Souci.—
Golden Apple “Gum.

MACDONALD, G. A., Wallilabo.—
Spanish Cedar Gum,

Secor. 8.

se agua 3 P. J., Layou.—(1) Iron
eee Bark. @ Pomegranate Bark. (8)|§
nish Ash or Oak Burk. (4) Shoemaker
ark. (5) Cashew Bark. (8) Guava Bark.
i” Grape Bark. (8) Basil Skin, ditto dressed,
tto dressed and grained ; tanned by the above
aene

SNAGG, Canonan.— (Old Wife Fish ekin
used in lieu of sandpaper.

Secr. 4.

FREDERICK, P. J., Layou.—IRoo Coo
(Annato) Sceds.

Szor, 5.

SAYER, MRS. R., Marriaqua.—())
Sa tilla Root. (2) Sweet Balsam, (3)
Running Balsam. 4 4) Lemon Grase, (6)
Quassia,

C. A, Marriaqua.—
Noyau ary and Leaves.

LEDGER, MRS. E., Marriaqua. —

Scented Roots (Cus Cus Grass).

ROBERTSON, G. A., Peter’s Hope.—
Snalse Wood and ditto Bark for making Manby
(a native drink).

COULL, F., Libe
la Root. (2) R
Ollivierre Bark.

Lodge.—(1) Sar-

re Seneriihs toot
‘PREDBERICK, P.-I., Layou. — One

Bunch of Anise Seed.

The Windward Telands,

Onass 5,
Woods.
(For ear ay vide labels on Woods,}
, Owia, —/1) F

OKIE, D.

(2) feytant” ” Fiddle. ae

(4) ry Lorier. (6) te Lorier,
White Mas-

diy Wi Mit Bois rap PR ay
TF yeast th Oe a

VO-
(16) nee » ) Guns’ Palm,” (18)

(Quassia).
oH Gum Tree.
Ash.

HUGGINS, P. weet
hoy (1) Sorinette, Rs Java Plum.

ao

“eat Bay tree). ) Cyp ress, (5)
tay Pat Palm. ‘ (B) Pov Poni. ® Wide dle Wood
te ii itae. (10) Mammee

) ite ; Cedur, (12) a tae
a ) “iumasin (14) Logwood. (15) 8
vod, (16) Manchineel. (17) Greon a
(18) alow wit (19) Breadfruit, (£9)
Mastic. @b Wild Cxcao, (22) Seaside
Gesp (23) Carzov. (24) Bermuda Cedar,
(26) Bastard Fiddle Wood, a Bullet
Vood, (27) Young Bullet Wood,

ravages of insects (Ptrims) on livin yet
(38) Calabash (20) Gomier. (80) Cire
81) Angeles y (tad meet pagish Ash.
(83 Bols Agouti. Masti fh -)
Gal (36) > aay 87 Levies:
Three Planks of Cazon, Fiddle Wood,
Water Wood,
MANTON, J. G.; Kingstown.—Slab of
Polished Mahogany.
MUSSON, B. H., Kingstown.—BSlab
Poliehed Manchinecl.

Crass 6,
Arts and Manufactures.
Seor. 1.

GRIFFITH, F. B. Kingaig -
Sample of Poxivolana— mater hia
the hills of St. Vincent ate largely composed.
Mixed with lime it forms a firm cement, and it

hardens remarkably when used under sea-water
and thus forms a valuable hydraulic cement,

WATKINS, F. H,

vy ganplee ot HOR tons; of hich a ange Pat
the

land of Canonen is composed,

» 2.

Beor
HUGGINS, MIS6 B. M., © ua.—
(1) Fan made of the feathers" of linker t
with back of hand-painted silk, (3)
Buaket, hand-painted and varnished.
3) Calabash Bag, hand: painted and varnished,
4) Fancy Bag c! Job's Tear Seeds, (3) Neck-
of Job's Tear Seeds, (6) Nocklace of
Job's Tear Seeds and Glass Beads, ) Neck
lace and Bracelets of Gri Gri Seeds and Glass

Beads. ®), Necklace and ear-rings of Gri Gri
Seods and Bilver,

SMITH, MISS M., Kingstown.—(1
Three Polished Cocoanut on (2) Tw
Baskets made of corn husk.

NEVERSON, MISS A., Biabou, —
Two Baskets and ‘I'wo Toilet Ornaments made
of Corn Husk.

BRADSHAW, MISS, Dorsetshire
iH Four Wild (Sponge) Cucumber Baskets,

LEB, MIS8 ©, Cane Hall.— Two
Sponge Cucumber Baskets,

SNAGG, Canonan.—T wo Caps made of
he feathers of the white and black pelican
i L vely.

McMILLAN, MISS G.—String of Job's
ear Seeds,

ASHTON, WILLIAM (Carib),
Morne Ronde.—String of Job's Tear Seeds.

Suor, 3.
FRANOOIS, JOHN (Carib), Morne
4tonde,— Nest of Carib Baskets.
Sor, 4,
WATKINS, F. H., wn.—(1) |

itog Basket, with two bottles and a tumbler,

encased in basket-work. (2) Two Bottles
eased in basket-work, one with and one with-
ut handle. (8) Five Hand Baskets with
overs, all of different sizes, (4) Small Hand
Hasket without cover. (5) Model of a Cassava
Basket. (6) T'wo Native Hats.

DEANB, J., Baronallie.—(1) Gro
wasket, containing one plain and three wickere
Bowlies. (2) One Door Mat.

CLOKRE, ©, EB, Wallibou.—(1 n
Basket with side handles. (2) Tee tee
an of different sizes. (8) Large Wickered

427

_~

a ——

BALDS, J. B, Kingstown.—
Two Nutive Hats of Lizard Straw, each of
different shape.

MACKIB, D. 0., Owia.—(1) Six
Bottles, all of different sizes, encased in et
work of Banjo Withe. (2) Two Small Open
Baskets (with side handles) of Banjo Withe,

SUTHERLAND, H. A., Owia, — )
TwoSmall Hand Baskets of Belle-apple Withe.
3) eames Cassava Basket, (8) Hat of Banjo

‘ithe.

MATTHIAS, T. A., Layou.—(1) ‘Two
Small Open Baskets, (2) Small Hand Daaket

RILEY, MRB., Pingete wits w= 1)
Small Open Hand Basket. (2) Small One

Basket. (8) Two Small Hand Baskets with
covers.

PRIDDIE, EDWARD, Calliaqua.—
Clothes Basket made of Bamboo.

LAWRANG, JOHN (Carib), Morne

Ronde.—(1) Door Mat. (2) Hat made from
Danda Grass.

GRANT, G.—(1) Small Open Basket.
(2) Hat made from dry leaf of Serew Pine.
(3) Hat made from the Mt, Cabbage leaf.

NIVES, J. B., Georgetown.—Two Hats
made from the bone of the Sugar-cane leaf.

ats.

PIERRE, ALFRED (Carib), Morne
Ronde. — Bottle encased in basket-work of
rondo kind of cane used in making the
Carib

ets).
Crass 7,
Machinery, Models, &c.
Src,

WATKINS, F. H., Kingstown. —_-
Model of Whale Boat and Gear (complete) used
at the whale fisheries in the Grenadines.

HUGHES, G. A. B., Barronallie.—
Model with Gear (complete) of a Catamaran,
used for fishing on the leeward coast by those
who cannot afford to buy a boat,

EAST
Mair os, the Governor of Komboy, the Governor

THRESHER'S KAS

NEXT DOOR

THRESHER & GLENNY,

INDIA AND GENERAL OUTFITTERS
OUR. The Pend of Wales, OE Sr.

Hon. the Governor-G- wap! of Tadia, the
ths Uontract of te tape of Seed thomas, cane Serer

T FREE ON APPLICATION To REGHER & GLENNY,
O SOMERSET HOUSE, LONDON.

428

McGONNE, JAMES, Calliaqua. —
Native Wooden Hock, said to have deen com-
monly used before the Emancipation, (Descrip-
tion attached to lock.)

RILEY, MRS., Kingstown.—Model of
Three-Oared Dug-out Canoe, with three rows
of seats in stern. (The largest of these bonts,
which ply as passage boats on the leeward
coast, are about 32 ft. long, with 6 oars, and
carry from 15 to 16 passengers besides ‘cargo in
the bows.)

Crass 8,

Miscellaneous.
Sect. 1.

GRIFFITH, F. B., Kingstown. boa
ri Carib Relics, chiefly chisels and hat-
chets.

LEWIS, EB. C., Kingstown.—Fifteen
Carib Relics.

HUGGINS, P. FOSTER, Golden
Vale.—Seven Carib Relics, including an old
Carib sacrificial knife, presented to P. Crichton,
Esq., by a Carib in 1798.

FREDEFPICK, P. I, Layou.—Fight
Carib Relics.

Carib Relics, including a rudei. carved orna-
ment, representing the profile vi a face—evi-
dently meant to be worn about the person.

DEANE, J., Barronallie.—Two Carib
Relics.

WATKINS, F. H., Kingstown.—'wo
Carib Relics.

GRANT, MISS L., Union.-—One Carib
Relic.

WALERER, J. A., Layou.—T'wo Carib
Relics.

TELFER, T. B., Layou.—Three Carib
Relics.

GRANT, G.—One Carib Relic.t

Secr. 2.

FREDERICK, P. I., Layou.—(1) 'I'wo
varieties of Donkey Crooks with Pads, used
universally by the people, and on some of the
mountainous estates. (2) ‘Three Native Wooden
Mortar: (of Galba wood) and Pestle (of Cazon
wood, (8) Calabash Lantern. (a) Sweet
Gourd ,Yater Canteen. (6) Two Conch Shells,
blown as horns for signalling. (6) Two Rock-

* All these implements, as well as the others exhibited
under this section, are made of stone, an Save been f und
by the people at various times while digging in the fields,

x Among the more uninformed of the black le these
relics are looked upe as “ thunderbolts,” go by that
name.

The Windward Islands.

raw Brooms. (7) Two Cocoanut Brooms. (8)
Two Tinder Boxes of bitter gourds, with flint,
steel, and tinder of karata stem. (9) Two
Bitter Gourds (uncut) from which the above
are made, (10) Cocoanut a q@» Cocoa-
nut Ladle or Tipper. (12) Two Horn Snuff
Boxes, (18) Thirteen Cala

DEANE, J., Barronallie.—Twenty-one
Calabashes.

(1) Native Stone Stove. (2) Native Drum made
of trunk of the Groo Groo palm, hollowed out.

DELPESHE, J. (Carib), Morne
Ronde. —(1) Wooden Mortar with Pestle
(cedar), (2) Seventeen Small Calabash Cups
and Bowlies.

ASHTON, W. (Carib), Morne Ronde,
—(1) Curved Sweet Gourd Water Canteen, to
be slung over the shoulders, with chest strap of
withe. (2) River Fish Pot.

ASHTON, C. (Carib), Morne Ronde.
Two Cassava Sifters.

CATO, F. A. (Carib), Sandy Bay.
Coffee Mortar and Pestle.

MACKIE, CHARLES (Carib), Morne
Ronde.—Morlel Fish Pot, for sea,

HUGGINS, P. FOSTER, Golden
Vale.—(1) Two Calabash Bowlies. (2) Native
Razor Strop of karata stem.

Shak Shak, the “wand” that is held by the
queen of the Quelbée (native dance), (2) Two
Bottle Lanterns (oil and candle) fitted with tin,
universally used.

Thongs of Ox-hide.

CATO, W. (Carib), Marne Ronde—
(1) Two Rockraw Brooms. (2) Three Balijé
aps. (3) Two Manacon Traps.

es.

WATKINS, F. H., Kingsto

Shells, sometimes used as pipes spobeace),
Three Model Sea Fish Pots,
Seine, (4) Calabash Bowlie. (5) Three Swee
Gourd Water Canteens. (6) One Sweet Gouri,
blown as a horn for signalling. This particular
one was obtained from a Carib boatman, and
was actually in use.

SUTHERLAND, H. A., Owia.—(l)
Three Small Calabasies. (2) Cassava Sifter.

NICHOL, JOS., Lowmans.—(1) Buu
boo River Fish Pot. (2) ‘wo Bamboo Cups.

LABORDE, W. (Carib),
Ron?’3.—(1) Two Pipes (Touacco). (2) One
Spoon, (8 Calabash caine,

Seor. 3.

WATKINS, F. H., Kingstown.—(1)
Two Shark Jaws. (2) Sperm Whale’s Tooth
taken from one of the few caught in St. Vin-
cent. (8) Barracouta Jaw. (4) Turtle Back.

SNAGG, Canonan.—(1) Two Sting Ray
Lances. (2) Two Sea Horses in Spirit.

Sror. 4.

MacDONALD, Wallilabo.—Collection
of 183 kinds of seeds.

TOBAGO.

Cass 1,
Suaar, Mo.asses, Rum, Liqueurs, &c.

1, Muscovado sugar, made with steam clari-
fiers and open battery, finished in Fletcher's
revolving granulator, and purged in centri-
fog - (a) Betsey’s Hopo Estate, Windward

ic . -

2, Muscovado sugars, made with steam clgri-

fiers and open battery and kilical coil steam

. (a) Goldsbro Estate, Windward District.
tb Auchenskeo, Leeward District.

3. Muscovado sugar, made with steam clari-
flers and open battery, and finished with
Brocklehurst’s improved aspinall pan. (a) Pem-
broke Estate, Windward District.

4, Muscovado sugars, made with steam clari-
fiers, open battery, and stationary steam coil
i. (a) T. L. Rowe, Esq., Mt. Irvine Estate,
aeward Dirtrict.

5. Musecovado sugars, made as No. 4, and
afterwards clayed, (a) T. L. Rowe, Esq., Mt.
Irvine Estate, Leeward District.

6. Muscovado sugars, made with steam clari-
fiers and open battery, (a) Richmond Estate,
Windward District. (b) Hon. J. McKillop,
Bacolet Estate, Middle District. (c) Burleigh
Castle Estate, Middle District. (ad) Hon. Ed-
ward Keens, Golden Grove Estate, Leeward
District, (e) J. H. B. Thomas, Esq., Roxboro
Estate, Windward District. (f) G. Agard, Bog,
Indian Walk Estate, Middle District. (g) J. G.
Neg Anderson, Castara Estate, Wind-vard

The Windward Islands,

429

7. Muscovado sugar, made with open battery

only. (a) Speyside Estate, Windward District.
b) King’s Bay Estate, Windward District.

ce) Woorland’s Estate, Middle District. (4)

. L, Abbott, Esq., Concordia Estate, Middle
District. (@) Mrs. elgg Craig Hall,
Middle District. (f) Hon. E. Keens, Cove Es-
tate, Leeward District.

8. Molasses sugars, me?* by re-boiling mo-
lasses after manufacture « «wovado wane by
some of the preceding p: _. ., referred to by
number, 0 Bea No. 1, (ay > Hope Es-
tate. (b) No. 2, (a) Goldsboro Estate
(c) See No. 2, (b) Auchenskeo Estate. (a) See
No. 3, (a) Pembroke Estate.

9. Muscovado molasses.
respective processes). (a) Betsey’s Hope Es-
tate. (b) Goldsboro Estate. (c) Auchens-
keoch Estate. (ad) Pembroke Estate. (e) Mt.
Irvine Estate. (f) Richmond Estate. (g) Bac-
colet Estate. (h) Burleigh Castle Estate. (i)
Golden Grove Estate. (k) Roxboro Estate,
(1) Indian Walk Estate. (m) Castara Estate.
(n) Speyside Estate. (0) Invera Estate. (p)
King’s Bay Estate. (q) Woodland’s Estate,
(r) Concordia Estate. (8) Craig Hall Estate.
(t) Cove Estate.

10. White rum. As distilled from fermented
saccharine matters in Shear's patent sti‘ls. (a)
Betsey’s Hope Estate. (b) Roxboro Estate.
(c) Pembroke Estate. (a) Goldsboro Estate,
(©) Messrs. 8. B. Isaacs & Co. (f) Messrs,
J. McCall & Co. (g) T. L. Rowe, Esq., Mt.
Irvine Estate (High proof).

11, Coloured rum. White rum, reduced,
cured and coloured. (a) Betsey’s Hope Estate,
(b) Roxborough Estate. (c) Pembroke Estate.
(da) Goldsboro Estate. (e) T. L. Rowe, Esq.,
Mt. Irvine Estate (old). (f) Mr. F. A. Ma
(g) Messrs. J. B. Isaacs & Co. (h) Messrs. J,
McCall & Co,

12. Rum shrub, A liqueur made with rum,
lime juice, and sugar. (a) H. H. Seuly. MOB
A. Gray. (c) J. D. Kerwood. (d) J. L. Gibbes.
(e) Mrs. Purser. (f) Dr. J. G. Anderson.
(g) R. B. Anderson, (h) Messrs, M. McCall
& Cn,

13. Falernaum. A liqueur made with rum,
lime juice, water, and sugar. (a) A. Murray.
(b) J. D. Kerwood. (c) H. H. Sealy. (d) Mrs
T. Newton Browne. (@) R. B. Anderson, (f)
Messrs. John McCall & Co.

14, Sorrell Bounce. Made by macerating
the dried sorrel in rum and sweetening. (#)
Mrs. Purser. (b) Miss Willington. (¢) R. B.
Anderson.

15, Hog plum liqueur, Made by macerating
the fruit in rum and sweetening. (2) R. B.
Anderson.

16. Ginger wine, By usual home process,
(a) Mrs, Purser.

17. Native bitters. Made by maceration of
the chief ingredients in rum with the addition
of special flavours to taste. (a) Dr. J. B, Tul-
loch, (b) Alex. Clark. (¢) J, D. Kerwood,
(a) Wormwood, Mrs. Purser. (e) Halbert

Refer to sugars for

430

Prac oe ) Orage, §) rer be aes

aromatic spirit made
resltion of rum with bay lented (a) J. wit

19. Syrups. (a) Dr. J. P. Tulloch. J.G.
MoCall. (e) F, A. Gray. (d) J. L. Sire

Cass 2,

FrviTs AND VEGETABLES.

ue Cocoanuts. (@) Mrs, McKillop, (b) Cap-
n Spicer (husked), (9) Captain Spicer (not
Neate ). (ad) Miss Nicholson (not husked),
@) Miss Nicholson (husked, in native basket).
f) rt Leermont. (g) R. B, Anderson.
) Mrs. M, B, Crooks (husked). (i) Mrs, M.
, Crooks (vot husked).
2. Limes, @) Peter J. Dean, Esq. (b) Miss
Sprot. (¢c) R. B. Anderson,
8. Palmiste fruit or cabbage palm. (a) R. B.
Anderson,
4. Tanias, (@) Mrs. P, Smith.

Crass 38.
Orner Foop Propvers.

1. White Cocoa. (a) J, H. B. NS panes (b)

J. D. Kerwood, (ec) W. D. Wilso
2. Red Cocoa, (a) Lure Estate, "Cb) Betsey’s
Hope Estate. (¢) Charlotte Ville i 9 (d)
F. A. Gray. (e) H. Murray, (f) J. D, Ker-
wood, (g) G. W, Gordon. th) Robert Wright.
@) Ge Geo, bere (k) D. MeGillwray, (1) W.

8, Liberian Coffee. (a) Luna Estate. (b) | M
Ke W. bias (c) D. MeGillwray. (a) Hon.

£ Calinary or Creole Coffee (coffee arabica).

a) "J.D. Kerwood, b) Cyrus Cyrinus Marcus,

arquitus, Mt. by ington, (¢) D, MeGill-

"hy Dri (d) G. Agard. (e) W. D, Wilson.

Pes ri » Plantiins (a) Dr. J. P. Tul-

Cp Be Gibbes. (Cc) Mre. Murray.

ay "Charlotte ‘Dames. (e) Mrs. McKillop.

es eg Hd (is Qate aux), (g) Mra. Jos,
Wilson.

& ‘Bi Py s alaenes (a) Dr. J. P. Tul-
loch. Gibbes. (¢) H, Murray. ns
Dhertese Dimes (©) Mra, Scott (
senna) (f) Mrs. Jos. Warner. (g) W. D.

gon.
7, Plantain Meal, (a) Mrs, J, W. Crooks.
b) H. H, Sealy. (¢) H. Murray. (@) Alex.
Bho Gorton, (f ) Alex. Clark.
+5. Ls Gibbes,

) thy Fo Fred Brooks. (i) Rev.

Bacchus. . A. Gray. (1) J. D. Ker-

wood, (m) Ay: a McCall, my pant, Chait or

(o) Dr. J. P. Tulloch. (p)

(ay Charlotte Dumas. (1) D Mwikeor
Dried Sliced Plantain. (a) Alex, Clark.

b) Dr. J. P. FD ago (ec) J, G. McCall, ae
Murray. (@) Rev. 8. Bacchus. (f)

* amith, Wig Charlotte Dumas, (h) W, D
Wilson.

The Windward Islands.

ava
Tulloch. (b) A. Murra ce)
(ad) Mrs. P. Smith, “o =,

11, Dried sliced bitter Chitin a le
Clark. (b) Dr. J. P. Trlloch. (¢) we
= (ad) Mrs. Jos. Warner. (e) W

son,

12. Cassava Meal. (a) Mrs. P. Smith. (b)
Mrs. Jos, Warner, (oe Mrs, Hackett, (d) Mn.
se ig (e) W. D. Wilse

8. Dried sliced sweet ‘Caneie. (a) Ale
olark. (b) Dr. J. P. Tulloch. (¢@) Mrs, P.
Smith. (da) W. D. Wilson

14. Cassava Bread, rm A. Murray, (b)
Dr. J. P.Tulloch. (¢) F.A.Gray. (d) "Rov.
Bacchus. (@) Mrs. Duncan. (f) Mrs. McKillop,
(g) W. D. Wilson.

15. Indian Corn, (a) J. H. B. Thomas (ears),
(b ) J. H. B. Thomas (shelled). (¢c) Mn
Jrown (ears). (@) Mrs. Brown oo he (e)
W. D. Wilson (ears) (ff) W Wilson
(shelled),

16. Indian Corn Meal. (a) lot, Clark
(b) Dr. J. P. Tulloch. (¢) J. D. Kerwood
(ad) W. D. Wilson.

17. Peppers. (a) Mra. Philip (ground)
(b) R. B. Anderson (in brine). (¢) R. B.
Anderson (dried). (ad) W. D. Wilson (dried),

18. Dried peppers. (a) Alex. Clark, (b) Dz
Tulloch,

19. Dried peas. (a) Alex. Clark. (b) Rev,

T. Bacchus. (¢) Dr. Tulloch, (a) J. L. Gibbes,
(e) C9), ie, Soe, Warnes, (f) Mrs. Phillip, (g) Mn.

20. Dried beans. (a) Dr. Tulloeh. (b) J.6.
McCall. (¢) Mrs. McKillop. oD Miss Yeates,
(e) it. Phillip. (f) W. D, Wilson,

1, Ground nuts, (a) Dr, Tulloch. (b) Rev,
1’, Baccisns. (c) F. A. Gray. (da) R. B. Aw
derson.

22. Cashew nuts. (a) R. B. Arcee

23. Native almonds, (a) J. Kerwood.
(b) J. W. Crooks, (ce) H. Goaly, (a) 8. 6.

Lnstrail,
24. Arrowroot starch. (a) J. L. Gibbe
(b) J. W. Crooks, (¢) Wm, Botioer (@) Mn
us. Warner. (e) W. D, Wilson.
25. Tous les mois starch. (a) J. Kerwood.
¢b) 8. Charity. (ce) J. W. Crooks, (d) W.
ordon. (e) W. D. Wilson.
26, § <r einf arch, May ok L. Gibbes, (0)
nr d) yoke
e) "Mra Brown,

tt, Ch) Mrs, Philip. (i) WD

97, Swoot potato starch, (a) Alex. Clark
af ag b) a
Gibbon, (ec) Dr. “Talioch. (a Jd . Kor
wes wo, ra. Yeates,

vo ginger, fay FA A. oe ) Dr
, alloc (¢) Gord — (a) 9. iy Prat

(e) Wm. Gordon. (f) Ro B, Anderson.

The Windward Islands. 481

80. Dried . (a) Jno, Solomon.
81. Se (a) Jno. Solomon.
Native * (a) Jno. Dumas. (b) Mra.

55 Lime j juom, (0). Fd} J. Dean, (b) R
a wy od (c)

56. H our fran a native wild be bees. (a) John
th. (@) urser. (Gd) Mixed, Alex. | Bruce. iO) J, Hackett.
Clark. a Dr. Tulloch. wne 57. Yeast. From fermented saccharine matters

Scott. te notion Mak (a) T.8, Rowe,

() Mixed, Mra, Caruth.

83. Chutnee. (a) Mrs. T. N. Browne.
(b) Mra. Jas. Krile.

#4. Tomato ketchup. (a) Mrs. Purser.

85. Tomato sauce, (a@) Mrs. Cunningham.

36. Sour sop jelly. (@) Mrs. Purser.

87. Guava jelly, (a) Alex. Clark. (b) S.
Charity. (¢) J.D. Kerweod. (d) H. H. Sealy.
(0) J. W. Crooks. (f) Mra. Purser. (@) Miss

illington, (h) Mrs. eee. (i) Mrs. Abbott.

(j) Mrs. Cunningham. (kK) Mrs. Caruth.

o. Golden maple jelly. (a) J. D. Kerwood,
7 Sprott. (¢) Mrs, Cunningham.

Hog plum jelly. (a) Alex. Clark. (b)
ae Witiegion. (¢) Miss Sprott. (ad) Mrs.

| 40. A Selection of preserved native fruits.
(a) Dr. Tulloch.
4]. Orange marmalade. (a) Mrs. Leith.
(b) Miss Palmer.
‘ mh Native gooseberry jam. (a) Catherine
43, Candied guava, (a) Mrs. Cunningham.
44. Candied citron. (a) Alex. Clark. (b) Mrs.

Abbott.

45. Candied shaddocks. (a) J. G. McCall,

) Dr. Tulloch. (c) Mrs. Leith, (d) Miss

mer. (@) Mra. omen (f) - Bowhill,

46, Preserved ginger. (a) J. Kerwood,
(b) Dr. Tulloch. "(@) J. L. bibibes. (a) Mrs.
Abbott, (e) Mrs. Cunningham.

47. Preserved limes. P ) Mrs. McKillop.

tery Willington. (¢) Mrs. Abbott. (d) Miss

Ww

48. Preserved papaw. (a) Alex. Clark.
(b) Dr. Tulloch. (ce) 8. Fag (a) (in
syrup) R. B. Anderson, (¢@) Hon. E. Keens,

49. Cocoanut in syrup. (a) Alex, Clark,
(b) R. B. Anderson. (¢) Hon. E. Keens.

50, Tamarind in syrup. (a) Mrs. Mchillop.
») 2 Mrs. me Howe (c) Hon. E. Keens, (d) Mrs.

ct Mere Alex, Clark. (b) J. W.

in Co) 4. D, Move’ (ad) 8. Charity.
on Fred, Brooks. (f) Miss Willington. (g) Miss
r¢ (h) Miss owe
a) H, Sealy. (b) J. G
socal re) J . Ore = “

58, Native nr (a) Ground nut
cakes, Hon. E. Keens. (b) Cashew nut cakes,
Hon, E, Keene, (c) Beni cakes, Hon, E.

54, Shootermans nut, known <_:4 used by the
OWL for ol great sustaining properties,

Crass 4.
Fiprovus SupsTances.

ton fibre, (a) Dr. J. P. Tulloch,
o chee Sladden. (c) F. A. Gray,
2. Kus-Kus grass. (a) Martha Thomas.

3. Silke grass. (a) F, A, Gray. (b) C,
Sladden, (¢) A.C. John. (a) J. L. Rowe,

4. Burn-nose Mahoe. (a) F. A, Gray
(b) Dr. J. P. Tulloch.

5. Pimpla Muhoe fibre. (a) Wm. Gordon.

6. Wild Ochroe Mahoe fibre. (a) C. Eos

7. Monkey Apple Muhoe fibre. (a) ™.
Gray. (b) J. G. McCall,

8, Cocownut fibre, (a) J. L. Gibbes, oe Aa
J. P. Tulloch. (¢) 8. Charity. (qd)
McCall, (e) Captain Spicer.

9. Plantain fibre. (a) F. A. Gray, (b) Dr,
J.P. Tulloch. (¢) A. CO. John.

10, Corkwood fibre. (a) F. A, Gray.

11. Leopard grass fibre, (a) H, iL Sealy,
0») J. G, McCall,

12. Fan palm fibre. (a) F. A, Gray,

13, Custard apple fibre. (a) J. L. Gibbes.
14. Paper making material. (a) H. H. Sealy.
(b) F. A. Gray. (¢c) Dr. J. P. Tullos ;

(d) Sugar cane megass, J, L. Rowe, Esq.

Crass 5,

Os, Guus, Barks, Dyes, Mepicures, anp
OTHER ARTICLES OF COMMERCE ANIMAL OR
VEGETABLY.

1, Cocoanut oil. (a) ib H, Sealy, Esq.
(b) F. A. Gray. (c) J. D. Kerwood. (a) G,
Duncan. (c) Dr, a ao) Captain picer,
(@) A. Clark, (h) H

2. Egg-fruit oil. (a) ar een

8. Crab oil, (a) J. D, Kerwood, i W.
D, Wilson.

4, Castor oil. a) J.G. McCall, Esq.

Orr (¢e) Dr. Tulloch, (d) R. B. An ie
Kokerite oil, (a) Dr. Tulloch, (b) H,

H. "Rash, y, Hag.
6. Essential oils. (a) Dr. Tulloch.
7. Grugru oil. (a) Dr. Clark.
8. Locust gum. (a) Dr. Tulloch. (b) RB. B.
Anderson. (c) W. D. beg
Ba Rg (a) J. G, McCall, Esq.
. H. Se (c) Samuel Charity.
a} Giptain Spicer, e€) Miss Sprott,
ashew gum. (a) J. L. Gibbes, $8. H.
at (c) Alex. Clark. (d) L. D,
11. Cedar gum, (a) W. Gordon, (b) J, G.
ya <e) ia A. Gray. (@) Alex, Clark.
e

432

ee

12. Ra
(b) L. D.

pl “gum. (a) F. A. ¢ Gray. |

The Windward Islands,

| 49, Cabinetmaker’s wood and work. (9
Pair of tables in many native woods, Hon.

13. Vobvaden ng oe (a) L. D, Yeates. | Keens. (b) Set woods for furniture, Hon, F,
4 Seen Be oe Keens. (¢) A table, A. Gray.
f tchouc. oc 18. Woods for buildi rposes.
ale Belinta: (9) fhe Sindden. (b) H. H. | assortment, Il aR Kea pu (a) An
¢) Dr. Tulloc
Pett Native Remedies.” (a) Dr. Tulloch. | ante e Rene
ie Ya wood. (a) J. G. McCall. (b) 15. W ood for too. makers’ work. (@) de
49. " ; J. Gibbes, | #880rtment, Hon eens,
(b) Cline Slukion. saieaidssehéua 16, Turning. (a) A set of pedestals, Potet
do. Castor ‘tl ‘ate: (a) J.G. McCall. (b) | Stewart.
Wm, Gordon.
21, Unmanufactured tobacco. (a) J. L.
Gibbes. (b) J. G. McCall. CLass 7,
‘i Ma mci (a) Chas. Sladden. (b) MINERAL Propucts AND MANURES.

23. Papaine. (a) Dr. Tulloch. (b) H. H.
Resi pai (

24. Spirituous preparations of pau-pau. (a)
R. B. Anderson.

25. Pau-pau juice, (a) Dr. Clark. (b) R.

. Anderson.

26. Dyeing materials, (a) J. G. McCall,
(b) Fustic, J. L. Rowe. (¢) Logwood, J. L.
Rowe. (a) Mimosa bark, J. L. Rowe. (€)
Dried tubiseus, J. L. Rowe. (f) Anato (native
name, rooko), J. L. Rowe.

27. Alligator skins, (a) J, B, McFarlane.

28, Shark skins,

Crass 6,

Woops ror BuILDING AND OTHER PURPOSES IN
Biocks on Mape-vy,

. Native hardwood. (a) J. G. McCall.
. Native shingles. (a) J. H. B. Thomas.
. Native staves. (a) J. H. B. Thomas,
. Native oars. (a) Jas. Davis.
. Native axe handles. (a) J. Davis.
. Shovel sticks, (a) J. Davis.
. Native planes. (a) J. Davis.
. Native chisels. (a) J. Davis.
MoFarlane.

9. Mortars and pestles.
O. Sladden.

10, Mortars and pestles. (a) J. Davis,
CO, Sladden. "

11, Coopers’ work. (a) Thre

keg, R. Dowrich. (b) Set of w
work, Hon. E, Keens.

) Itegistered Trade Mark for Lampa,
FAIRY.”
— on every Lamp.

Bak made entirely of Gla%, ensuring abaclute Safet

SAISON

(b) J.B.
(a) J. Davia. (b)

(b)

ils and one
8 for cooper’s

‘waren Swear % when burning they fully realize their title of

‘The Patent ay sa Lig. hts ge. a beautiful soft, steady
be extinguished the * SNiry
NE—The” pd

are alee Registered

CLARKE’S (New Patent)

‘Fairy’ Lamps and ‘ eth Lights, sm

1, Guano. (a) J. B. McFarlane.

2. Limestone. (a) Wt L. Rowe, Esq. (build.
ing Lod ag ot L. Rowe, Esq. (building
urposes: a bloc taken from & building overs
frandred years), (c) J. L. Rowe, Esq. (fe
burning for lime).

8. Bricks, unburnt. (a) J. L. Rowe, Es,
(b) M. B, Crooks.

Crass 8.
ARTS AND MANUFACTURES,

1, Hats. (a) R. B. Anderson (corn husk), !

2. Native tobacco pipes. (a) J. B, MoFar
lane. (b) D. MeGillwray.

3. Mats. (a) R. B. — (corn husk)
(b) Miss Bowhill (sooliqua

4. Native seeds, (a) ed H. Sealy. (b) Mis
Desvignes.

5. Baskets. (a) Robert Moore. (b) RB. 3B)
Anderson. (¢) Miss Bowhill.

6. Colonial harness, (&) 8. Richardson.

7. Articles manufactured from turtle shell
(a5 D. McGillwray. (b) D, J. Goodridge
erso’

tnt shell (undressed). (a) D. M. Gi

per isin: (a) Miss Spicer (antimacassar)

10. Tatting. (a) Miss Spicer.

11, Buttons (cocoa-nut shell). (a). R. I
Anderson.

12. Wool-work. (a) eer Sport (2 rugs

13. Crewel-work. (a) Mrs. Clark.

14, Spanish needlework. ta) Mee Tore,

15. Spatter work (antimacassar), (a) ¥
Miller.

Registered Trade Murs for Ligh
af AIRY.

and * bit Radio Patented ia Great Britvi: Fr 1» Belgi
* Lamps mot gtd n r te rane, i ncnmcrong stem, Austria, and the United States

SAMUEL CLARKE, Patent Pyramid and Fairy Lamp and Light Works,
CHILD'S HILL, LONDON; AND NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A,

( 434 )

THE LEEWARD ISLANDS.

Tne Leeward Islands are the most northerly of the groups which constitute the Lesser Antilk
‘They include the first land sighted on the more northern route to the West Indies, and they
the first to engage successively the attention and admiration of the voyager on that char
run “ down the islands” which constitutes the cream of a trip to the tropics.

They are not all English. The Danes, Dutch and French have each a footing in
Archipelago. In geographical order the English islands are—the majority of the
Islands, Anguilla, St. Kitts and Nevis, Antigua and Montserrat, and (beyond the great Fr
island of Guadeloupe) Dominica.

All of them have more or less of the volcanic about them. Naturally they are of the
stamp in every respect. By the difference of industrial development they are strongly cont
St. Christopher and Dominica are the two polee—the former after Barbados, the most striki
cultivated island in the West Indies—the latter the least exploited of all.

Their small place on the roll of British dominions is in strong contrast to the day when
were the most coveted islands in the world, when Montserrat, St. Christopher, or Nevis,
haggled over and ceded in the treaties of Paris and Utrecht.

Politically they are a federation, that is to say (for the terms federate and confederate #
two often confused) an aggregation of independent Governments and Legislatures which
certain purposes have delegated their powers to one central and partially supreme Govern
In the last century there was a general Government and Legislature of the Leeward Islands;
for the greater part of the present century the islands were independent of each other, except
go far as they were nominally grouped together for certain executive purposes under one Gover
in Chief. In 1871 the federation was restored, cach of the larger islands having a President
its own subservient to the Governor in Chief.

ANTIGUA.

Antigua is the seat of the federal government: its chief town of St. John is decidedly
most important place in the group. As the island has been so long used to vigorous political
commercial life, there is naturally a more extensive English society than in any island aft
Barbados and Jamaica. The visitor cannot help feeling an under-current of strength and en
prise, which, however suppressed, is capable of springing into active results.

Agriculturally the island is more disappointing than some of its neighbours. But allows
must always be made for the circumstances under which an island is seen. We have ou
seen the same West Indian island at different moments appear the extreme of fertility
oppressively parched. Physically it is by no means unpicturesque; but the mountains are
lower and the woodland much scantier than in most of the islands. It ig too much cleared.
island struck us as so likely to be benefited by judicious forest conservation. Much of
most favourable agricultural land has, on the other hand, been suffered to run into bu
become “ ruinate,” as the phrase is, and the low price of sugar does not tend to check this,

The productions of Antigua at present may be classed as sugar aud pine-apples. ‘The mi
fruits ‘and ground crops supply the local population, but are not the subject of any suflici
industry. The sugar exported is not of a high type, yet there are two attempts in which Antig
has been a pioneer. We believe the Antigua planters were the first to use the steam-plougl
and it was ii Antigua that Mr. Fryer first tried the concretor process of sugar manufacture. |
may atill be possible for this island to be a successful follower of St. Lucia in the establish
of central factories; the sharp ravines, the difficulty of intercommunication between est
which exist in some of the islands, do not occur here. The process must be gradual, for
quantities of capital are sunk in existing sugar works. There is not the same adaptability
as in other cases for the cultivation of minor products, Arrowroot might do well in

The Leeward Ielands. 485

FT en aang es ne AOR OO ERT >> a
tion Se eee eee es ee staples; but the cultivation of both can be
h improv
Fo the settler who requires new land Antigua is hardly open. The land belongs to old

who, or their attorneys, have worked it well; on them the prosperity of the island,

is also their own, depends. One wise tep they have lately taken in conjunction with

ir neighbours; they have petitioned to be freed from the operation of the West India
nour d Estates Acts, which have done their best work and are passé ; and the federal legis-
ré has passed an Act for cheapening and rendering easy tho transfer of land. This reform,

th tho abolition of what is known as the consignee’s lien—a lien of abzolutely priority over an
and its produce in fivour of the last lender—may go far to attract fresh capital and

But the restaurent at this Exhibition points to ® new source of wealth for Antigua. Very
le turtle comes to London now except from Jamaica. There is no reason why many of the
js should not send turtle and turtle soup in every stage, and Antigua has very properly
mined to show us what can be done.
The chief dependency of Antigua is a largo island to the N.1. called Barbuda, of no
mercial importance, overgrown by scrub, and used partly as a stock farm, partly as a shooting
pound, For many years it was held by the Codrington family as a sort of feutlal domain, but it
now fallen back into the hands of the Crown, and is leased for a term of years,

8T. CHRISTOPHER AND NEVIS.

This presidency is composed of two islands, divided by a strait three miles wide, and in

ages perhaps joined together. Nevis was united to St. Christopher at the beginning of
83, and made part and parcel of the same Government, the seat of which is at Basseterre, in

he former island. There is considerable difference in the islands in evety way.

St. Christopher, commonly known as St. Kitts, is a bright little place 28 miles long with an

of 68 square miles, with brilliant green slopes of sugar cane sweeping all round the

nd towards the central cone of Mount Misery. The whole island may be said to be oocupied,
nd it is the most prosperous of the group. The population is more plentifully proportioned to
size, 428 to the square mile and the labour market is fairly supplied. The roads compare
vourably with those of neighbouring islands, The great mountain attracts a due share of
in, At the south end there is a little peninsula, which forms the exception to the exclusive
fr cultivation of the island. A resident of position owns it as a stock farm, but finds it a
ous method of industry, while the salt sea breezes blow over it and prevent the growth of
tation.
Nevis, though its well-wooded peak is constantly covered -rith cloud, gives the impreasion
much greater drought than St. Kitts. This may be partly due to the rockier nature of its
mation: on some purts of the surface the rock crops up in all directions. The enterprise of
eof the most enlightened men in West India circles has aimed at making Nevis a gardon;

itherto he has been without the success he deserves. His chief aim has been to introduce other
ucts besides the sugar cane, chiefly lime trees for the manufacture of lime juice. The fruit
these efforts lies as yet in the future.

The history of St. Curistopher is peculiar, having been at one time divided between the

h and French; naturally they found that two nations could not get on in this small area,

i the weaker went over the sea. Nevis has a still greater claim to the interest of England as

) place where Horatio Nelson married Mrs. Nisbet and assed perhaps the happiest years of
is afterwards glorious life.

Looking to the future, there is no startling new departure to be prerrribed for these islands.
et St. Kitts be faithful to the sugar for which she is so well adapted: and sugar will probably
still the chief product of Nevis. There has been some talk of growing olives in St. Kitts.

isa pity some one cannot find the proper method of ripening olives in the West Indies; for a
mirishing market in the South and Central American Republics is at their very doors. Limes
s expected to flourish in Nevis, and fruit might be extended with great results. Nevis tan-
tines are the finest we ever tasted ; we have never met anything like them elsewhere. The
been brought to England by private people and arrived in good condition. There is no
mson why they should not be made an object of commerce likewise.
2Fr2

436 The Leeward Islands.

DOMINICA.

Of all the West India Islands, Dominica has before it the most brilliant and distinet
future. The history of the others lies much in the past. We believe that of Dominica is in¢
future. How soon that time will come is difficult to determine. The largest of the E
islands after Jamaica and Trinidad, it contains 291 square miles, is 28 miles long and 14 }
Its mountains are next in height to those of Jamuica, though the Souffritre at St. Vincent
them close; but right away to the top they are densely clothed with foliage. From peak to
the island is a mass of virgin soil and unopened forest. ‘The grandest of the islands from iy
sea, it is also the most striking on which to land, both from the bold outlines of its
and the beauty of the foliage which clothes them; while from the heights can be seen sparkli
streams and brooks which appear as fresh as those of Yorkshire.

The occupation of the French is still marked by the French patois spoken by some
thirds of the people, and by an old paved road recently discovered by an exploring party, wi
goes right across the island where it is thickly overgrown with forest. Lying between thet
islands still held by the French, it has been one of the most fiercely contested of the group.
has its own Thermopylae ; a stone wall between the road and the sea still is fondly believed
be that where 300 men of the Dominica militia in 1805 opposed the march of the ¥rench to
last man. Its roadsteads have seen more hard fighting between the English and French th
any other part of the Caribbean. But alike the sound of arms and the buzz of commercial
have died away. Its residuum of representative institutions seems to us to tighten rather t
cast off the bond of inertness which chains the island. Bound down by old trarlitions and host
to reform, the present House of Assembly is incapable of infusing either vigour or wisdom ia
the Government of their land. |Healthy representation requires a wider franchise. 1
presidency of Dominica needs a peculiarly gifted and active executive officer, with brave
conscientious advisers, to give it a fresh lease of life. Its trade at present is small, and a g
deal of it is known to be a smuggling traffic ; its finances are subject to chronic deficits ; ther
not much more than half « mile of road in the whole place along which one could drive a i
wheeled carriage. Besides Roseau, the capital, there is not a collection of houses that is
than a hamlet shrouded in coconut groves. But we cannot agree with those who speak
Dominica as played out; they know nothing about it. ‘The state of things described is one
a nascent civilisation in an old-world settlement,

Yet agricultural enterprise has not been quite dead in Dominica. There are two or
gentlemen in the Colony to whom credit is due for their attempt to develop industry. The fing
lime groves in the West Indies may even now be seen there; a certain amount of cacao is alr
established. Of fruit in all kinds there is plenty, but only rarely when an American stea
chances to call is there a possibility of shipping it off. The magnificent timber of the forest
worthy a better fate than to be cui down for charceal, But strict rules as to cutting should
put in force from the outset. In this way a succession of growth can be assured, and a suffic
area retained for attracting the rainfall. As soon as the valleys are cleared, a varied pro
opens to the cultivator. The rich soil of the Layou flata will be ready for sugar-making
the wsine ; the same is true of other parts of the island. No place in the West Indies ish
adapted for cacao or for fruit of all kinds, Coffee should be grown on the slopes of ¢
mountains. Cinchona will flourish there as well as in Jamaica. In short, whatever can
grown in the tropics will grow in Dominica. It has this advantage also: the other islands
swept of everything to make room for sugar cane in days when sugar cost £15 a ton to make
£60 to buy ; now that they want to grow other things there is a difficulty in going back. Domi
starts fair under the new régime with the knowledge that different parts of the island
adapted for and must produce a series of different products. One word about timber hauli
The difficulty of tranrport has beer. the bar to the traffic in every West India island; but
California the tiiaber has been hauled or shot over mountains, ravine, gully and river je
formidable as the worst of West India obstacles. First, therefore, cannot a demand be cred
in London for these magnificent cabinet woods? Second, if the demand arises, cannot the di
culty of transit be overcome ? .

It is a standing puzzle to us why Dominica has remained so stationary. The neighbour
island cf Martinique must have originally possessed much the same natural features; but

The Leeward Islands, 487

vish expenditure of the French has crossed its mountains with broad, hard roads, and tapped
ch valley by means of a usine, or central sugar factory with its attendant tramways,
Dominica is one of the few islands where a considerable quantity of Crown land of splendid
ty is available for the settler or capitalist. The question of healthiness may have done
island some harm. In some parts no doubt the thick forest and luxuriant vegetation hold
and check free currents of pure air, With the progress of clearing and cultivation this
stion can be removed, But even now the island generally is by no means unhealthy,

MONTSERRAT.

Montserrat has been the scene of one of the pluckiest and most interesting experiments made
the West Indies, to which we shall presently refer.
It is one of the smaller islands of the group, and in surfaco configuration approaches
Dominica rather than the other islands. Lofty and irregular mountains covered with foliage of
tense deepness form a sharp and striking contrast to the yellower green of the sloping shores.
few roads are rough and rocky, parts of the island are connected by mere bridle paths. ‘The
hern portion is wild and thickly wooded, and quite unopened, The little town of Plymouth
its capital. Its political and commercial status is discovered by the remark that for somo
Past one gentleman has been acting as President, ‘I'reasurer, Registrar of Courte, Customs
, &o,, &c., and the work goes on smoothly enough.
“No pleasanter summer drink has been invented than lime juice, the produce of a fruit like
small lemon well known to those who know the tropics. No lime juice is better than the
fontecrrat brand. ‘The Messrs. Sturge of Birmingham have all the honours of being tho
oeers of this culture and manufacture. Foreseeing that sugar could not permanently recover
exuberant prosperity, they planted extensive groves of limes and replaced a sugar mill by a
nufactory for lime juice and the essential oils of limes and lemons. One could wish that
der and richer success had attended their efforts. The defect is that the article they supplied
as had and still has but a limited demand; and they have now, moreover, several imitators in
li the islands, and more arising yearly. This active competition will still keep down profits,
ot only in this, but all secondary industries of the tropics. In fact, in encouraging the growth
any and every tropical product, one general word of caution is necessary; the enormous
rofits of a monopoly cannot be restored to the West Indies. Therefore let care be taken that
urther loss of capital is not made by an excessive competition to supply a limited though
dually growing demand for cocoa, spices, limes, and so forth.
The resources of Montserrat are not by any means fully explored as yet. By an extension of
he Montserrat Co.’s work an‘| the growth of the negro proprietary class, future prosperity will
tter be assured than by the introduction of too many competing efforts,

THE VIRGIN ISLANDS.

This beautitul but desolate little group of islands, islets, and rocks is far too poor and in far
) primitive a state of society to send any objects to a British exhibition, but it demands a briof
orice,
These islands were never amongst the richest of the West Indies, but they once enjoyed a
meed of prosperity, both in the days of high-priced sugar, and again for a time when the
lockade of American ports in the civil war made it profitable to grow cotton on them, Now
hey are bereft of the semblance of commercial prosperity. They have been denuded of trees,
xeept where, on the northern shore of Virgin Gorda, a secondary scrubby growth has replaced
meval luxuriance. Their sugar plots are confined to one vr two small green pieces in
ortola, worked by a “ walk-around ” or cattle-mill, the sugar of which never gets further than
t. Thomas. For the rest they are in the cultivation of the peasants for provision grounds,
ns, sweet potatoes, and coca; or used for pasture grounds for cattle to be exported to the
utchors of St. ‘Thomas. One unworked and unacknowledged industry suggests itself at once to
hose who know the islands. ‘Ihe most striking feature on their rocky sides is the agave or alce,
h the wealth of fibre it commands. A fibre factory on the Virgin islands is the most. probable
tlook for their restoration from the present hibernating existence.

In Virgin Gorda there has been much talk of mineral wealth, and the inhabitants are
looking for a miner to come amongst them and raise copper. It would be as woll to have
matter thoroughly cleared up. From the few informal surveys made, the hope is not

one.

Tho inhabitants are one of the chief attractions of the Virgin Islands and of A
which seems to belong naturally to the group. They are an unstudied piece of ethnology,
in feature and of remarkable height, very fair in colour; they seem to be Spanish and Carib
not negro in any degree; they are a race of fishermen and seamen, a splendid field for reerui
the British navy. ,

A yachting cruise of a fortnight among these islands would be romantic and unique, '
Charles O'Neil’ and Fallen Jerusalem and the Virgin Gorda bathe are worthy of greater fame,

Limes.

Model of West Indian House.

Model of St. Luke’s Chapel.

Model of Arrowroot Mill.

Model of Court House, St, John’s, Antigua,

Fish Pote.

‘ots.
ANTIGUA. Fish Pot Ropes, made of Danda,

Rum. Land Fish Pots,
8 Cotton Wool.

Mo Bees Wax.

Preserves.

Guava Jelly. BRANCH, THE RIGHT RBV. Bib

Honey. SIOP. —(1) Carib Shale implements. (3)

Tamarinds, Carib Stone implements,

Guines Corn,

Indian Corn, Collection of Petrifactions,

Pickles. Flint, with Crystals.

Phalernun. Shells,

Canes. Shells, mounted.

Pumpkins Corals.

Pomegranates Cocoanuts.

Arrowroot, Cocoanuts, mounted.

Milk Punch. Walking Sticks,

Yams. Booby Skins,

Ground Nuts. Chess Table in 15 varieties of wood.

Sweet Potatoes. Rulers and Paper Knives of different wool

Ginger. Hatchet, red cedar.

Lime juice. Soap-berry Necklaces.

Specimens of woods.
estles and Mortars.

Acacia Seeds,

Castor Seeds,

Pods of Flamboyant.

Mats. Mountain Cabbage,

Baskets. Box Mixed ects.

Hats, straw. Box Tumbie Seeds.

Hats, Pelican feathers, Box Job's Tears Seeds,

Baskets. Calabashes,

= se eg Bottle Gourds,

“ry. Funnel Bottle Gourd,
LEEBANA SCHOOL.—Necdlework. Bisse, Gea
Castor Oil,

JAMES, MISS, Native Seamstress.| physic Nut Oil.
oe Melia! Monde

CEDAR HALE SCHOOL.—(1) Fan Medici al 4
a @ vriegy esl colwotk Halters of pore fibre,
ae 4): Win Aperne. bibs) sane of Dagger fibre.

intin William ITI. n 8.

Map mg ber ) Ohd Man's Beard.

Map of West Indies. Pimento,

Tortoise Shell, Razor Strops from Dagger.

Tortoise Shell mounted in silver, Butterflies,

Shark’s Tooth and Backbone. Yellow Dye (ginger),

ae of Bible for negro slaves.
ible,

1821.
1 Report, 1822.
Book of Common Prayer, 1814.
1 Wesley's Sermons. The Great Assizo,

| Wesley’s Notes, Vol. 1. 1795.

1 Wesley's Earnest A peal, 1800.

1 Holme’s Moravian M ssions, 1827,
nat Retrospect, Antigua Moravian

on,
1 Memoir John Gilbert. Antigua, 1835.
1 Emancipation Oup.
Prince Alfred’s Cup, in honour of his visit to
ntigua in 1861.

DOMINICA.

NICHOLLS, H. A. ALFORD, M.D.,
‘L.8—(1) Raw Lime Juice, St. on
} t.

. (8) Essential Oil of Limes. St.
oment Estate. (4) Plantation Cocoa, St.
oment Estate. (6) Liberian Coffee, St, Aro-
ont Estate. (6) Liberian Coffee (Pea-berry).
Aroment Estate. (7) Liberian Coffee Shells.
Aroment Estate. ‘These shells are worth
om 1 cent to 2 cents a pound in the United
ates of America, (8) Mocha Coffee, St. Aro-
ont Kstate. (8) Plantation Coffee, St. Aro-
ont Estate. (10) Cocua Leaves (Lrythrowylon
fa), St. Aroment Estate, (11) Castor Oil
oda (Ricinus communis), large variety. St.
mt Estate. (12) Castor Oil Seeds
Ricinus communis), small variety. St. Aro-
nt Estate. (18) Negro Coffee (Cassia occi-
mtalis), a coffee substitute. (14) Jegui-
ty Seeds (Abrus precatorius). (15) Acacia

The Leeward Islands,

439

(ie Keave tweed ce Pople Nesom
tity

curcas). (17) Gum hilou, or In-
conse Gum (Bursera gqummifera). (18) Sulphur
Ore, (18) Voleanic Ash, which fell in the
town of Roseau during the volcanic eruption in
the Boiling Lake District on January 4th, 1880.
(20) Water, Mud, Ash, &c., removed a
rain gauge in the town of Roseau a few hours
after the volcanic eruption on January 4th,
1880, (21) Quina Bark (Heostemma flori-
bunda). A powerful anti-poriodic used in mala-
rial fevers and dysentery. (29) Bois ‘Tan Bark,
(Byrsonima sp.), very rich in tannin, )
Angelin Bark (Andira inermis). Anthelmintic
and tonic. (24) Simaruba k (Simaruba
amara). Antiperiodic and tonic.

NICHOLLS, MRS, — (25) Arrowroot.
(26) Tous-les-mois,

GARRAWAY, JAMES A.—(27) Cas-
sava Meal. Mount Pacoges Estate, (28) Cas-
sava Starch, Mount Prosper Hatate. 30)
Plantation Cocoa, Mount Prosper Estate, (80
Cassareep, the basis of most sauces; made
the juice of the cassava by evaporation, (81)
Honey. (32) Cocoa-nut Dippers (2). (88)
a Negro Coffee. (34) Latanier Sugar

gs.

GARRAWAY, THE MISSHS.—(85)
Vetivert. (86) Egg Baskets. (87) Fancy
Flower Busket.

HAMILTON, HENRY.—(88) Planta-
tion Cocoa. (88) Nutmegs.

tion Coffee. Malgrétout Estate. (41) Mocha
Coffee. Malgrétout Estate. (42) Plantation
Cocoa. Malgrétout Estate. (43) Nutmegs,
on. Agar Estate. (44) Ginger. Malgrétout
Y tate.

LOCKHART, A. DON.—(45) A Collec-
tion of Fibres. (46) Baskets.

LUDOVIC, A.—(47) Acacia Pods (Acacia
farnesiana). (48) Jeguirity Seeds (Abrus pre-
catorius). (49) Kapock or Silk Cotton (
dendron anfractuosum). (50) Negro Coffee
(Cassia occidentalis).

MACINTYRE, A. GELLION.—(51)
Pure Sulpbur Crystals.

MACINTYRE, THE HON. WM.—

(52) Plantation Cocoa. (58) Muscovado
Sugar. Sugar Loaf Estate. (54) Museovado
Sugar. Woodford Hill Estate.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

ENTLEMEN’S GOLD KEYLESS CLOCK WATCHES, of the highest quality,
striking en passant the hours and quarters, also repeating the hours, quarters, and minutes, with perpetual
calendar, showing the day of the week, the day of the month, the month and phases of the moon; and also with
fly-back seconds chronograph movement for racing, engineering, and other purposes, from £175,

440 The Leewar d Tslande.

NICHOLLS, H. 4 4LFORD, M.D.,
F.L.8.—(55) Cloves. (‘ 3) Collection of Carib
Baskets. (67) Carib Walking Sticks. (68) Carib
Matapie, used by the Caribs for squeezing the
poisonous juice out of the grated cassava, (59)
Carib Toys. (60) Carib ‘Table.

OGILVY, MRS.—(61) Carib Baskets.
(62) Stuffed Crapauds, or Edible Frogs (12).
These frogs enter largely into the diet of the
people of Dominica; the meat is very nourishing
and of a delicious flavour. (63) Stuffed Poreu-
pine Fishes (5), (64) Sawyer Beetles (a pair).
(65) Mat made from the Dagger Plant. (66)
Prepared Cocoa in Rolls. (67) Prepared Cocoa
in Powder (8 bottles). (68) Baskets (3) of Job’s
Tears filled with Artificial Flowers. (69) Seed
Rosaries (5). (70) Cassava Meal. (71) Cas-
sava Starch. (72) Tapioca Starch. (78)
Tous-les-mois. (74) Swizzle Sticks (4).

PINARD, FAGAN.—(75) Vetivert.

SAMPSON, HENRY. — (76) Cassava
Meal. Labadic Estate. (77) Cassava Starch,
Labadie Estate. (78) Plantation Cocoa. La-
badic Estate. (79) Gum Cachilou, or Incense
Gum.

8ST. ORDE, MISS.—(80) Fancy Baskets
made of Native Seeds. (81) Rosaries made of
Native Seeds. (82) Job’s Tears and Jumbie
Beads.

ST. ORDE, ISAAC.—(88) Cacao Vine-
gar (8 bottles), Gilliard Estate. (84) Planta-
tion Cacao, Gilliard Estate. (85) Plantation
Cacao, Ravine Crabier Estate.

THOMAS, J. F.—(86) Plantation Cacao.
Fond Canie Estate. (87) Starch. Fond Canie
Estate. (98) Castor Oil Seeds, large varicty.
Fond Canie Est (89) Castor Oil Seeds,
small variety. F. -) Cunie Estate. (80) Arrow-
root. Fond Canie ustate.

WINSTON, G. P.—(91) Ginger. (92)
Ginger Scraped.

GARRAWAY, R. F.— (93) Swizzle
Sticks. (94) Model of Fish Pot. (95) Wooden
Mortar and Pestle, used by the natives for

pounding plantains, and for a variety of other
domestic uses. (96) Bitter Quassia Cups (3).

8ST. ORDE, MRS. M. A.—(97) Prepared
Cacao.

CHRISTIAN, GEO. J.—(88) Lupite
Fibre and Rope.

NICHOLLS, H. A. ALFORD, MD.,
F.L.8.—(99) Boards of Native Cabinet Woods,
(100) A collection of Dominica Woods
(polished slabs.) (101) Carib Cassava Sieve,
(102) Carib Flambeaux (8), made with gum
cachilou.

KELSHALL, E. C,—(103) Dominica

Bomboos.

HAMILTON, FENRY.—(104) Settler's

Cacao.

BELLOT, JOHN.—(105) Beeswax from
Wild Bees. (106) Chocolate Sticks. (107)
Settler's Cacao,

MELTZ, A. M.—(108) A collection of
Dominica Waiking-sticks. (109) Native Basil
Leather, tanned with the Moricypre — bark
(Byrsonima spicata).

HENRY, MISS. — (110) Cards of
Dominica Ferns and Seaweeds.

BEAURISSEAU, CHAS.—(111) Cas-
savi Meal. Union Estate. (112) Cassava
Starch. Union Estate.

CELESTIN, MISS M. A.—(113) Fancy
Basket of Job’s Tears.

FOYE, MRS.—(114) Stuffed Crapauds
(6).

NICHOLLS, DR.—(115) Twenty-four
PD aD, of Dominica Scenery, &c., taken
u bite A. D, Browne of Princeton, New ‘Teraey,

S

MELTZ, A. M.—(118) Cotton.

BELLOT, THE HON. G. L.—(117)
Settler’s Cacao Clayed, No.1. (118) Settler's
Cacao, No. 2. (119) Setiler’s Cacao, No. 3,
(120) Settier’s Cacao, No. 4. (121) Planta-
tior Coffee, new crop. (122) Mocha Coffee,
crop 1881. (128) Bay Rum (three quarts).

DUVERNEY, EDWARD. — (124)
Plantation Cacao. Beausejour Estate. (125)
Settler’s Cacao. Beausejour Estate. (126)
Prepared Cocoa. Beausejour Estate. (127)
Carib Baskets (6).

THOMAS, J. F.—(128) Honey (two
bottles), (129) Cacao Vinegar (two bottles).

MELTZ, A. M.—(180) A collection of
Dominica Seeds (six bottles). 1 and 2. Jegui-
rity Seeds (Abrus precatoriis). 3. Caconier
Seeds (Ormosia dusycarpa). 4. Nickevor, or
Ouaoui (Guilandina Bonduc, G. Bonducella). 5
Horse-eye Seeds. 6. Physic-nut Seeds (Jatropha
CUTCUB).

seillegs Rantala” va orgie ert or i

By Appointment to

First Order of Merit,

na fie ae Svdney Exhibition, 1879.

kenetis Melbourne Exhibition, 1880-1.

HR. THE DUKE OF eae ri H, THE “KARL OF PEMBROKE, ida MARQUIS OF NORMANBY,
THE GOVERNORS OF NEW ZEALAND

R. H. BARTLETT, Artist Photographer, Queen Street, Auckland, New Zealand.

Views of New Zealand Scenery, Hot Lakes, Mountains, Cities, &c., to be seen in the New Zealand Court of tlie

Indian and Colonial Exhibition,

For further information apply to Messrs, HAYMAN & Co., 3, Coleman Street, I.C,

The Leeward Islands.

LIONNE, CHARLES. —(131) Raw
Lime Juice (82 bottles). Destinée Estate.

KELSHALL, EB. V.—(182) A bundle of
Rushes used for seating chairs, &e. (188)
‘Swizzle Sticks. (184) Walking Sticks. (135)
‘Tous-lesemois. (186) Bread - fruit Stareh.
(187) ‘Tan Barks of Moucypie and Bois ‘Tan.
(188) Vetivert. (189) Teinte Charaibe. A
very pretty purple dye is obtained from these
leaves. It is used by the Caribs to dye
baskets, &e. (140) Cowitch. (141) Mineral
Water (three bottles) from a hot stream in the
Layou Valley. ‘The water has medicinal pro-
perties, and is drank in rheumatic affections.
(142) Bamboo Flower Pots.

- ROSSI, LEWIS.—(148) Turmeric. (144)
Carib Ginger.

8T. ORDE, ISAAC.—(145) Maize in a
Bamboo Basket.

NICHOLLS, H. A. ALFORD, M.D.,
F.L.8.—(146) A collection of ancient Carib
Stone and Shell Implements. N.B.—The names
on the Dominica implements refer to the district
of the island where they were found. <A. Nos.
1to 29. Battle Axes and War Clubs, 29 speci-
mens (Dominica). B. Nos. 1 to 19. Picks, 19
specimens (Dominica), C. Nos. 1 to3. Wedges,
three specimens (Dominica). D. Nos. 1 to 3h.
Celts, 831 specimens (Dominica), No. 32. Celt,
one specimen (Nevis). KH. No. 1. Chisel, one
specimen (Dominica). F. Nos. 1 to 4. Pounders,
four specimens (Dominica). G. Nos.-1 to 3.
Scrapers, three specimens (Dominica). H.
Nos. 1 to 2. Ornaments, two specimens.
(Dominica), I. Nos. 1 to 2. Charm Stones, two
specimens (Dominica). K. Nes. 1 to 7. MuHers,

seven. specimens (St. Kitt’s). Nos. 8 to 9.
Muilers, two specimens (Nevis) No.- 10.
Muller, one specimen (Dominica). L. Nos. 1

to9. Shell Implements. nine specimens (Bar
budos). No. 10. Shell Implements, fifteen
specimens (St. Kitt’s). No. 11. Shell Imple-
ment, one specimen (Saba). 116 specimens,
(147) A Carib Bow and Arrow. ss

NAUGHTEN, THE RT. REV. DR.
M., BISHOP OF ROSEAU.--(148) Carib
Bow and Arrows.

MELTZ, A. M.—(149) Bark of Olivier
(Bueida enceras). Used for tanning. (150)
Bark of Moricypie (Byrsonima spicata.) Used
for tanning. <<

.DUPIGNY, W. J. H.—(151) Starch
made from Plantains. (152) Starch made

ea ct

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London.

441
from ‘lanias. (158) Starch made from Yams.
(154) Prepared Cocoa, (155) Chocolate.
(156) Light Castor Oil (4 bottles). (157)
Papaine. (158) Cashew Gum.

FADELLE, JOSEPH.—(159) Annatio.
Copt Hall Estate. (160) Plantation Cocoa,
Copt Hall Estate.

GARRAWAY, MISS IDA. — (161)
Sulphur Ore Pyrites, &e.

BELLOT, MRS. J. W.—(162) Vanilla.
(168) Dominica Sea Shells. (164) A Basket
with Dried Flowers of a Veguminous Plant
ealled “ Hurard.” (165) A Basket made of
Vegetable Sponge,

GARRAWAY, JAS. A.—(166) Carib
Basket.

THOMAS, JOS. F.—(167) Tous-les-
mois. (168) Prepared Cacao. (168) Lime
Juice (9 bottles). (170) Preserved Fruits,
&e. (12 bottles),

8ST. ORDE, ISAAC.—(171) Plantation
Coffee. Gilliard Estate. :

LAUDER, C. R.—(172) Flower-pots (12)
made out of the Roots of Tree Ferns.

' MYLER, J. W.—(178) Plantation Cocoa,
large grain. River Estate. (174) Plantation
Cocoa, small grain. River Estate. (175)
Castor Oil (2 bottles). River Estate.

PORTER, W. H.—(178) Charcoal Stove
made from native Tufa. (177) Model of Dug-
out Passenger Canoe, or * Pirouge,” as used in
Dominica, ‘The bottom—a.“ shell’’—of these
bouts is made of the trunk of the Gommier tree
(Bursera gummifera), hewn into shape and
hollowed out. This “shell,” resting on the
enus, is filled with wet sand and allowed to
spread to a sufficient width, when the stretchers
and timbers ave inserted, the side-board, or
strake, is then put on, and the hull is complete.
These boats are safe and comfortable (the
larger ones seating six or eight passengers), and
manned by four lusty negroes, attain a con-
siderable speed; they are stecred with a short
paddle after the Indian fashion. The surviving
pure and half-breed Caribs are the vrincipal
makers of canoe shells and oars, and perform
a hazardous sea voyage along the windward
coast of the island in taking their wares to
market. (178) A Collection of Ancient Carib
Stone Implements :—Nos. 1. to 18. Wedges-
Dominica. 14 to 17 and 19. Scrapers. Domi-

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.

CLOCKS.—The Finest Stock in Lonpon at Prices lower than ever.

Catalogues post free,

An elegant assortment of Drawing-Koom Clocks, in Gilt and Porcelaine, richly decorated, and of the newest

designs, trom £5 5s, to £100.

Dining-r.om Clocks, in Marble Cases cf the newest design, striking hours and half-hours, from £3 3s,
Chime Hall Clocks, in bandsomely-carved Mahogany, Walnut, or Ouk Cases, chiming the quarters on eight bells,

from £30.

House, Office and Shop Dials, Eight-day Pieces in Mahogany, Oak, or Rosewood Cascs, warranted for perfect time,
3 38.

from £:

442

nica. 18. Scraper. St. Kitts. 20 to 23, 27 to |
29, 40 and 41. Battle Axes, &c. Dominica.
44 to 47, 49 to 50. Battle Axes, &c. Dominica.

24 to 26. Battle Axes, &e. Barbadoes. 30 to
39, 43 and 48, Head Implements. Dominica,
42° Head anpiement: St. Kitts. 52. Muller.

xo. | Description.

The Leeward Islands,

Nevis. 53, Muller. St. Kitts.

Dominica,

PORTER, W. H., and GARRAWAY,
JAS, A.—(179) A Collection of Current and
Obsolete West Indian Coins, &c.

54. Muller

ton | Value. |

Where current. Remarks.
&£a ad.
West Indies. « « + 1 5 dollar note of the | 1 - 10 | This Bank was incor.
West India Bank . eae in 1840 and
failed in 1848.
lg | eeees 22 L122 op Noumant up to th
i Six bit piece . . - urront up to the year
4 Four bit piece. .« .|- 1 2? 1862. There i: no
Dominica (British) 5 Acted bit piece .« . | - - 14 ome! record of the
6 wo bit piece. . .|- - 7 ates of issue and re-
7 Mo-coe. . ~|- - 5} call of this currency.
8 pelmeraue or “ Dog” - - -4
St Kitts CREED . 9 Dog . «| - — —£ | Obsolete.
Antigua( 5, . 10 Farthing ¥ token . «|- — —} | Issued by a private firm
and suppressed by the
7 Government.
F Jie 11 Bit or ‘4 Dog . ° . a 44
Nevis (British) . 12 Half-bit or 4 dog . «| - - 2% |)Current to 1865,
138 Dog. . 6 2 [oe =p
14 Guilder. . «© « «|- - Jj
Demerara and Esse- 15 Guilder . . . »-{|- - 7
quibo (United colony 16 4Guiider . «© « «| ~ — 34 |)Obsolete.
of British) 17 1 Guildor «6%. ce oof ee eae
18 Stiver 3 oe a (Ger a
19 2 Skilling (1827) . ~{-- - |
Danish Islands . 20 12 Skilling (1764) «| - - — |?Obsolete.
21 12 Skilling ace: elo cc |
22 20 Cents . .|- - 10
23 10 Cents. » ef/- - 5
Danish Islands . 24 5Cents. . « « «| - — 24 {}Current.
25 SCents. . « « «|/- - lt
56 | Oem ct ccarae ec ee:
Curagoa Dutch. . + 27 Stulver. 2. « © e|- = =
( an ie cola o + os /> : )
Cut} dollar. - -
Tortola Virgin Istands} 30 Cut | dollar (“shilling”) - - 6 eent No official re-
(British) 31 Bit... . - - 4) ¢ cord of date of issue.
| go |Mulebit . 2 2. [= = 284
\| 88 Dog. é 4 pS et
Windward Islands. .- 34 ? °(1781) . ee el-- - ieuet ig esis
rench — settlemen
during the joint Br-
tish and French occu
, pation.
Montserrat (British) { ni St ere ee Obsolete.
37 Dollar, . 2. . - 1 -¥ m .
Jamaica (British) . 38 Dollar. . « + - - 6} W En er erg the
89 4, Doilat’ <6 «oa eps = 8} uglish Islands.
Gu:deloupe (French) . 40 Gut-dollar . . «|- 8 7 | Obsolete.
Cayenne (French) . -{ vb a totes Ries Vee of
( 3 12 Centimes eee ee
| 44 10 Centimes . 2. «|- - >=
eed (The black re- 45 6 Centimes . -|-- >
public) | 46 2 Centimes (1829) ~f[--
47 2 Centimes (1816) -- +
48 1Centime. . ---

teat acts
BELLOT, JABEZ L.—(180) Cassiva
Meal. Soufritra Estate. (181) Cassava
Starch. Soufritre Estate. (182) Muscovado
Sugar. Soufritre Estate. (188) Plantation
Cacao (2 kinds), Soufritre Estate. (184)
Raw Lime Juice (2 bottles). Soufridre Estate.
(185) Concentrated Lime Juice (2 bottles),
Soufriere Estate. (186) Rum (2 bottles),
Soufritre Distillery. (187) Mineral Water,
No. 1 Boiling Spring. Soufritre Estate. (188)
Mineral Water No. 2, Hot Spring. Soufrivre
Estate. (189) Mineral Water No. 8, Marie
Aun Spring. Soufritre Nstate. (190) Sulphur
Crystals. Soufritre Estate. (181) Rock
Sulphur. Soufritre Tstute. (192) Alum
No.1. Soufritre Estate. (198) Alum No, 2.
Soufritre Estate. (194) A Garib Cassava
Sieve.

FILLAN, J. Cox. —(195) Noyeau
Water (4 bottles). Wall House Estate, (196)
Rum (4 bottles). Wall House Estate. (197)
Charcoal made from the wood of the Savonette
Tree (Leuchocurpus violaceus). (198) Charcoal

ade from- the wood of the Locust ‘Tree

Hymenwa courbaril).

MYLER, J. W.—(199) Cassava Starch.
iver Estate. (200) Prepared Chocolate.
iver Estate.

MELTZ, A. M.—(201) Cocoa-nut Fibre.
202) A Collection of Native Remedies,

GARRAWAY, JAS. A.--(208) Native
loney-Box made of Earthenware. (204)
wo Native Wouden Locks. (205) 'I'wo
‘lower-Pots made out of the Roots of Tree
ers, (206) A Carib Spindle,

LANDER, MRS. C. R.—(207) Cards
f Fancy Work made of Ferns, Sceds, &e.

JOHNSON, MISS JULIA. — (208)
stor Qil Seeds, large and small varieties.
209) Dominica Shells.

JOLLY, FADELLE. — (210) Fancy
ork made of the Sugar Cane Arrows. (211)
lantation Cacaa, Castle Comfort Estate.

8T. CLAIR, MICHEL.—(212) Native
food Work consisting of :—2 Quassia Cups;
Cup and Saucer; 2 Soup Uadles; 9 Knitting
eedles; 2 Mustard Spoons; 2 Salt Spoons:
Salad Fork and Spoon; 1 Largo Salad Fork ;
Bamboo Dove Call.

FILLAN, J. COX.—(218) Pickled Limes
bottles). Wall House Estate.

TASCHER, 8. DE.—(214) Essential Oil
Lemon Grass. (215) Essential Oil of Bay
aves, (216) Essential Oil of Bay Leaves,

isé Flavour.

THE LADY SUPERIOR OF THE
ONVENT.—(217) Needlework and Em-

The Leeward Islands.

448

BLANC, G. B., C.E.—(218) A Nest of
5 Carib Baskets. These Baskets are very
strong and durable, and they are waterproof.

GORDON, R. H.—(219) Plantation
Coffee. (220) Plantation Coffee, in Parch-
ment. (221) Plantation Cacao.

BELLOT, MRS. J. W.— (222) Pin
Cushions (2), made of Native Shells and Ferns.
(228) Dominica Shells and Ferns,

LUDOVIC, A.—(224) A Collection of

Native Remedies,

STEDMAN & CO.—(225) Plantation
Cacao, (226) Iron Pyrites, (227) Raw Lime
Juice. (228) Mineral Water. Watton Waven
Spring. (229) Essential Oil of Bay Leaves.
(230) Essential Oil of Lemon Grass. (281)
Essential Oil of Limes. (231) Essential Oil
of Wild Ginger.

DIDIER, MISS EMILY.—(232) Fancy
Mats, &c., made ot terns, sceds, &c.

FORDELLE, F. 9.—(284) Model of a
Fishing Cunoe of the village of Pointe Michel
Dominica (original, 18 ft. long by 3 ft. 7 in.
wide). These canoes are from 14 to 19 ft. long,
and are proportioned and fitted, with scarcel
any vuriation, exactly like the model exhibited.
The body is hollowed out of the trunk of the
“gommier”’—a lofty tree abounding in the
forests of Dominica. The top sides, which are
fastened with ordinary nails, are of American
white pine or native wood. The timbers, locally
called ** courbes,” as well as the oars, masts,
rudder, and other filtings are of native wood.
The rowlocks are usually fastened with stout
copper wire. Gafts of light bamboo generally,
sails of light cotton fabric. ‘The small hole at
forefoot represents a perforation made in the
rough hewn “shell,” to draw it with a rope
from the forest to the coast. No. 26 on the
port bow is the official number of the license,
which every undecked craft in the island is re-
quired to obtain by law. ‘The liyht facings on
vither side (outside of rail) are to protect the
rail from chating of fishing lines. Two short
clubs, called “masses,” used to kill big fish-
Small box, constructed to coincide with contour
of afterpart of canoe just under the coxswain’s
seat, used to carry fishing tackle, hooks, wire,
twine, &c. Two pairs of sculls, larger for
forward rowlocks, one paddle always used in-
stead of rudder when rowing, sometimes when
sailing in a heavy sea it is used whaler fashion.
Calabash used to bale out water. The canoes
are exceedingly fast before the wind, drawing
but a few inchcs of water, but are liable to cap-
size on a wind if not well ballasted and struck
by a squall. ‘Their hardy and adventurous
occupants, however, are quite at home in the
water, and right them, bale cut, and proceed
without any fuss.

NICHOLLS, W. A, ALFORD, M.D.,
F.1L.8.—(285) Cashew Gum. This gum, ob-
tained from the tree Anacardium oceidentale, is

444

similar in its properties to gam orabic. It
occurs in considerable quantities in Dominica,
and might be made an article of export from
the island. (286) Bees Wax. This wax is
collected by native caribs from the nests of
wild bees, which are very plentiful in Dominica.
(287) Bark of the Guava tree (Poidium
ede his bark, which is rich in tannin,
is used as a medicinal astringent. It can be
obtained in almost unlimited quantities. (288)
Brown Castor Oil. (288) Fibre of the Pine
Lapite, and twine made therefrom by the native
Catibs. This fibre is a very fine one, and it
is unknown to the trade, Tho plant producing
it belongs to the natural order Bromeliaccwe
and it is probably an undetermined species of
Ananassa,

LIORME, CHARLES.—(240) Mahat
Doux Fibre. Destinée Estate.

DAVIES, WILLIAM.—(241) Musco-
vado Sugar. Bath Estate. (242) Molasser.
Bath Estate. (248) Old Rum. Bath Estate.
(244) Rum Shrub. Bath Estate. (245) Me-
gass. The sugar cane after it has passed
through the mill. It is used on the estates as
fuel for boiling the cane juice, and recently it
has been found of service in paper-making.
Bath Estate. (246) Plantation Cocoa. Bath
Estate. (247) Raw Lime Juice, Bath Es-
tate. (248) Concentrated Lime Juice, Con-
centrated about 16 to 1, and containing over
100 ounces of citric acid to the gallon. Bath
Estate. (249) Essential Oil of Limes, dis-
tilled. Bath Estate. (250) Essential Oil of
Limes, hand-made. Bath Estate. (251) Brown
Castor Oil. Bath Estate. (252) Castor Oil
Seeds. Bath Estate. (253) Ginger. Bath Hs-
tate. (254) Ginger, scraped. Bath Estate.
(255) Cassava Meal. Bath Estate. (2586)
Cassava Starch. Bath Hstate. (257) Dried
Pigeon Peas (Cajanus indicus). The Pigeon Pea
is a very important article of food in Dominica.
It grows abundantly in a semi-wild state, and it
affords a highly nutritious pulse of a very
agreeable flavour. Bath Kstate.

JOHNSON, W. H.—(258) Cinnamon.
Shawford Estate. (259) Raw Limo Juice.
Shawford Estate. (260) Cassava Meal. Shaw-
ford Estate. (261) Cassava Starch. Shawford
Estute.

MACINTYRE, GERALD R—
(262) Calabashes.

GARRAWAY, R. F.—(2638) Razor Strops
(6), made from dagger plant. (264) Alum, in
its crude state.

GARRAWAY, JAS. A.—(265) Cassia
Fistula, (266) Chocolate Rolls, plain and
spiced.

LANDER, MRS. C. R.—(267) A Col-
lection of Dominica Seeds (30 kinds).

NICHOLLS, DR. — (268) Bay Leaves
(Pimenta vulgaris). Tbese leaves are used in
the manufacture of bay rum.

The Leeward Islands.

a a a

STEDMAN & CO.—(269) Bay Leaves.

OGILVY, MRS.—(270) Dominica Na.
tive Head-dress.

MONTSERRAT.

STAPLE PRODUCTS.
HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—Sugar.
KIRWAN, MRS. F. G.—Sugar.

HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—(1) Bay
Rum. (2) Tamarinds. (8) White Spirits,
(4) Orange Wine. (5) Coflee.

KIRWAN, MBS. F. G.—Coftee.
HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—Lime Juice.
KIRWAN, MRS. F. G.—Lime Juice.
IRISH, E. H.—Lime Juice.

KIRWAN, MRS. F. G.—(1) Cacao. (2)
Potatoes. (8) Plantains. (4) Panunas. (5)
Limes.

KIRWAN, HON. F. G.—-Limes.
BARZEY, J.-—Yums.

MEADE, MISS M.—(1) Pickled Peppers.
(2) Pickled Calabash. (8) Mixed Pickles.

TRISH, E. H.—Lime Vordial.
BARZEY, J.--Cassva Cakes.

STARCHES AND FARINAS.

HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8. — Cassava
Starch (Jatropha marihot).

GREENAWAY, MRS. M. — Cassavi
Starch (Jatropha manihot).

HOLLINGS, HON. rJ. S.—Arrowrool
Starei (Maranta arundinacec).

GREENAWAY, MRS. M.—Arrowr!
Starch (Marania arundinaced).

HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—Tous les Mois
(Cauna Indica).

GREENAWAY, MRS. M.—Tous i)
Mois (Cauaa Jrudtica).

HOLLINS, HON. J. 8.—(1) Yan
Starch (Dioscorew sativa). (2) Potato Stare
(Batatus esculenta). (8) Bread Fruit Starel

(Arbocurpus ineisa). (4) Cassava Faring
(Jatropha manihot). (5) Potato Farin
(Batatas esculenta). (8) Cassava — Bre

(Jatropha manihot).

COMMITTER, THE.—Cocoanut Meal.

FIBRES,

COMMITTER, THE. — (1) Plantil
Fibre (Musa textilis). (2) Agave American
(Caratan). (3) Bombax Ceiba (silk cotton

The Leeward Islands.

(4) Sanseveira (bowstring hemp). (5) Bro-
melia (wild pine). (6) Arun arborescens
(China gad). (7) Burr Weed Bark (bark and
rope). (8) Burry Bush (bark and rope). (9)
Acacia (bark and rope); this bark has also
strong tannin properties, (10) Loblolly (bark
and rope). (11) Sugar Apple (bark and rope).
(12) Mahault (bark and rope). (18) Megnass
Fibre, for paper stock, (14) Bamboo Cane, for
paper stock.

Sweet Heres.

BARZEY, J.—Mint, Rosemary, Plan-
tain, Thyme, Sweet Marjoram, Sotherwood,
Tansy Wormwood.

Woops.
HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—forty-five

varieties.

COMMITTEE, THE.—Specimene.

EssENTIAL OILS,

HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—(1) Limes
au Zeste (C. acidus). (2) Lime Leaves (dis-
tilled). (8) Lime Juice (distilled from lime
juice). (4) Orange au Zeste (extracted by
hand from the rinds of the C. aurantium
Bigaradia). (8) Pimento (leaves of ee
pimento). (6) Wild Basil (distilled) (7)
Canella Alba (distilled). (8) Cascarilla (dis-
tilled), (8) Lemon Grass (distilled).

PrerFUMED WATERS.
HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8S.—(1) Bay
Water. (2) Cascarilia Water. (8) Canella
Alba Water. (4) Wild Basil Water. (5)
Lemon Grass Water. (6) Lime Fruit Water.
These waters are

if distilling, and are produced in large quantities
or small amounts of oil.

MINeraL WATERS.
HOLLINGS, HON. J. S.—Calcareous,
Sulphurous, Chalybeate, &ec., from thermal
prings,

MINERALS.
HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—(1) Magnetic
Mon (crude). (2) Magnetic Iron (screened) ;
arge quantities exist, washed down from the
ountains. (3) Gypsum (native).
COMMITTER, THE.—Gypsum.
HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—Sulphur.
COMMITTEE, THE.—Sulphur.

HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—(1) Sulphate
fAlumina. (2) Trass, or Puozzolana (makes
scellent mortar),

445

COMMITTEE, THE, —(1) Trass, or
Puozzolana. (2) Building and Fire stones, (8)
Ochre.

KIRWAN, MRS.—(1) Ochre. (2) Pottery
poh (8) Iron Pyrites. (4) Coral Building

slime,

SEEDS.

HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—(1) Pigeon
Peas, make excellent soup. (2) Beugal Beans,
used for green dressings for the land. (8)
Okra Seeds, vegetables, and for thickening
soups. (4) Okra Pods, vegetables, and for
thickening soups. (5) Ben Seed (mohkringa),
watch oil. (6) San box Seeds, paper weights,
&e. (7) Mirabilis Seeds (4 o'clock). (8)
Castor Oil Seeds, medicinal oil.

BARZEY, J.—Castor Oil Seeds.

HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—(1) Indian
Shot. (2) Aniseed. (8) Palm Oi! Sveds.
(4) Mocha Seeds (sleeve links, &c.). (5) Native
Coffee.

Native MeprcrvaL RemepIiEs.

HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.—Book con-
taining dried specimens, with remarks,

WYKE, G. B.—Native Sarsaparilla.
Drvcs.

HOLLINGS, HON. J. S.—(1) Aloes.
(2) Gum Elemi. (3) White Root. (4) Davis
Root. (5) Pigeon Root. (6) Physic Nuts.
(7) Cascarilla Bark. (8) Canella Aloa. (9)
Pomegranate Rind. (10) Castor Seeds.

Roots,

HOLLINGS, HON. J. 8.--(1) Ginger.
(2) Dye Ginger (yellow dye). (3) Dye Root
(red dye).

MISCELLANEOUS.

KIRWAN, MRS. F. G.-—- Native
Pottery.

COMMITTEE, THE.—(1) Model of Fish
Pot. (2) Bead Work. (8) Barks and Ropes.
(4) Bamvoo Canes. (5) Plunts. (6) Reptiies.

KIRWAN, MRS. F. G.—Dried Ferns.

VIRGIN ISLANDS.

Corals.

Minerals.

Cotton Fibre.

Rhea Fibre.

Virgin Islands Liquer.

Trunk Oil.

Guava Berry Liquer.

Preserves.

Beads.

Virgin Island Coins.

Water from Salt Lake, Gruger Island, Virgin
Islands.

[The List of Exhibits from St. Christopher and Nevis will appear in the Second Edition of this
Catalogue.]

( 446 )

THE BAHAMAS.

By Avausros J. Appertry, O.M.G,.

Tur Bahamas consist of an aggregation of 29 islands, 661 bays, and 2,387 rocks, which stretch
from the northern coast of St. Domingo to the eastern coast of Florida, a distance of over 60
miles. ‘They greatly vary in size, aud for the most part lie to the windward edge of the grea
sand banks formed by the rivers of America as they pour into the Gulf of Mexico. Four onl
of the islands are located to the leeward, Grand Bahama, Andros, Abaco and the Biminis|
The formation of all these islands is uniform, calearcous rock of coral and shell hardened
into limestone, honeycombed and perforated with innumerable cavities, without a trace of
primitive or voleanic rock. The shores are generally low, and few hills rise above 250 feet,
The soil, though thin, is astonishingly fertile, and vegetation grows luxuriantly; all tropica
and subtropical plants flourish, often attaining, with little or no care, phenomenal proportions
The principal island is New Providence, which contains the capital, Nassau, and is about twenty
one miles long by seven in breadth. The other principal islands are: Grand Bahama,
Eleuthera, Andros, Abaco, Long Island, San Salvador, Rum Cay, Inaqua, Exuma, Ragged
Island, Crooked Islund, Berry Islands and Harbour Island.

The population, according to the latest statistical report, 1881, is 44,000, of whom 14,000
are whites and the remainder are descendants of liberated Africans.

The capital, Nassau (population 12,000), a well-built and remurkably clean city, is situates
at the head of a fine harbour. It contains a handsome Government House, the KF piscopaliar
Caihedral, and all the usual public buiidings indispensable to the seat of Government, The
are several other Episcopal and dissenting places of worship, but the Roman Catholics are no
sufficiently numerous to have a chapel of their own.

Each private house stands by itself, surrounded by deep verandahs and in the midst o
gardens full of tropical plants of every description. Passion flowers, the “moon flower,” th
wild convolvulus, an infinite variety of acacias, grow luxuriantly in gardens laden with the scen
of the orange and oleander Ulossoms, whilst the tall cocoanut trees wave their fronds high up i
the air above a mass of foliage studded with brilliant flowers. The whole place, at certai
seasons, appears to be one vast garden, and this charming aspect, together with the balmines
of the air and the vivid tints of the sea, render it most attractive to strangers, and quit
justifies the enthusiastic eulogiums of all travellers who have visited its shores since Columbu
who, on first discovering the Bahamas, wrote to Ferdinand and Isabella a most glowing deserip
tion of what he was pleased to call an “earthly Paradise.”

Every commodity and luxury of life can be procured in its principal shops, The grea
increase in the commerce of the place within the past ten years is noticeable everywhere
The harbours can shelter many hundreds of vessels. From November to April there is
constants stream of visitors from the United States. Some come for rest, and others for the
benefit of their health, much after the fashion of Europeans who fly the mists and fogs o
London and Paris for the genial shores of the Riviera,

The Royal Victoria Hotel is well conducted on the American plan, and can accommodat
over a hundred persons, There are, besides, several other excellent boarding-houses, Carriag
can be hired at any moment, and the roads all over the island are in good condition,

There are several other towns and villages in the various islands, of which Adelaide
Grant’s Town and Sandlands are the largest in New Providence,

History—The Bahemas were the first landfall of Columbus; and, when sighted by tha
illustrious discoverer on the morning of October 12th, 1492, he landed upon an island the
called Guanalani, which he at once rechristened San Salvador. It is supposed to be th
present Cat’s Island. He found the natives a gentle and hospitable people of the Cari
tribe, and, after spending several pleasant days in their country, sailed for the other and large
islands of San Domingo, Cuba and Jamaica, and never returned again. Some years later, on th

The Bahamaa. 447

tt ttt

discovery of Hispaniola, the Spaniards being in want of hands to work in the mines there,
decoyed, under false pretences, the natives of Bahamas thither, to the number of 40,000. The
ill-treatment they received was such that, in ten years, not one remained alive, They all
perished, either from the effects of the cruelties to which they were subjected, or those of home-
sickness. The account of their vain longing to return to their homes is most pathetically narrated
by the contemporary historian Peter Martyr,

In 1512 the Bahamas received a visit from Ponce do Leon, who came there on a rather
singular errand, that of searching for the fountain of eternal youth, which of course he did not
find, After this useless visitation, the islands remained almost uninhabited for nearly a
century, although they still continued to be Spanish property, having been bestowed upon
Ferdinand and Isabella by Pope Alexander VI, with the whole of the New World. Notwith-
standing this donation, Protestant England began to fit out expeditions which interfered sadly
with Spanish rights and profits; Sir Walter Raleigh, Sir Francis Drake, and Sir John Hawkins
all made expeditions to the prohibited territory. In 1578 Sir Humphrey Gilbert was presented
by Queen Elizabeth with the lands and countries he might discover that were not already
taken possession of by some Christian power. Spain at this time was not considered by the
Virgin Queen to be either a Christian or a friendly power, and so Sir Humphrey appropriated the
Bahamas; but whether he ever enjoyed the produce of his extensive properties there or not,
tradition even does not say; and, although he may be considered historically to be the first
Governor of Bahamas, it is doubtful whether he ever derived much benefit from Elizabeth’s
splendid gift. A succession of disputes between Spanish and English rovers as to who really
owned the islands, of a more or less sanguinary and profitless nature, till up the pages of
Bahamas history for nearly fifty years after the episide of Sir Humphrey Gilbert. In 1629
some English adventurers made a settlement in New Providence, which was destroyed by the
Spaniards in 1641; and a second unsuccessful attempt was again made to inhabit the islands in
1666. Captain Sayle, afterwards Governor of Carolina, was forced in 1667 by stress of weather
fo seek shelter among the Bahamas. Being then ignorant that they had been visited by
Columbus, he was about to give them his own nume, but being obliged a second time to seek
refuge from a storm in the harbour of Nassau, he recognised a special dispensation, and
called the island Providence. On his arrival in America, he added the word “ New,” to
distinguish it from “Old” Providence on the Mosquito shore. In i680 Charles IL. granted
the islands to George Duke of Albemarle, William Lord Craven, Sir George Carteret, John
Lord Berkeley, Anthony Lord Ashby and Sir Peter Colleton, The date of the grant is 1680
but the settlement had already been regularly formed some two years previously. The first
Governer was a Mr. Chillingworth, who arrived in 1671, but was not allowed to land by the
inhabitants, who shipped him off to Jamaica. The next Governor, Mr, Clarke, was murdered
by the Spaniards. At the time of the English Revolution several families removed from
England to the Bahamas, and Mr. Cadwallader Jones was appointed Governor in 1690.

Under the rule of Governor Elias Lightgood, 1703, the French and Sparish combined to
surprise the town of Nassau so completely that they not only blew up the fortress, spiked the
guns and burnt tle church, but carried off the Governor and the principal inhabitunts to
Havannah, Not satisfied with this, they returned in the following year and carried off every-
thing and everybody else they could lay hands on, A few hid in the woods, and the rest
managed to make their escape to Virginia and Carolina, but the Spaniards had succeeded a
cond time in making the Bahamas desolate.

News evidently travelled slowly in those days, since the lords proprietors sent out another
Governor, Mr. Bird, who, on arriving, was extremely astonished to find he had no sllojects to
overn, He, however, landed and encamped in the woods ; but, after a time, growing weary of
the solitude, he returned to England, and for many years the Island of New Providence bevame
pnly the resort of buccaneers, wreckers and pirates. Of these latter many extraordinary and

mantic stories are told, which have been made capital of by several novelists, notably so by
aptain Maryatt. In 1718 the more respectable inhabitants petitioned the English Govern-
ent for a new Governor, and accordingly Mr. Richard Fitzwilliam was sent out; but he was
t fortunate, and was almost immediately afterwards recalled. During the American War of
dependence, colonists arrived in great numbers, and amongst them were several families of
tune and education, Commerce was soon revived, and a reign of respectability inaugurated,

448 The Bahanas.

which has endured to this day. The abolition of slavery for a time did much to alter the
prosperity of the island, which immediately before that event was exceedingly great; but, after
a lengthy struggle to overcome many difficulties which that necessary but only too sudden
event created, the islind has in great part recovered its previous position. With the exception
of a few very violont hurricanes which have oceasionally done greet damage, and the stirring
incidents which marked the period of the late civil war in the United States, no event of great
importance or productive of much excitement has transpired to mar the peaceful routine of life
in these interesting and very beautiful health-giving islands.

The Government is based on the British Constitution. ‘There is a Governor, who repre
sents Her most gracious Majesty the Queen, an Executive Council of nine members, a Legislative
Council of nine members, nominees of the Crown, and a House of Assembly of twenty-nin
members, of various shades of colour and polities.

There are two principal newspapers published at Nassau,
Herald, besides other literary and religious periodicals,

Public schools abound, and are, as a rule, well attended and conducted. In 1861 th
census gave 8,506 as able to read and write, out of a total population of 35,287, less than ¢
quarter. It would be the reverse now; there is scarcely a child over seven years of age wh
cannot read or write.

A public reading-room and library has existed for many years, and contains many euriou
works, General literary and scientific societies have been formed, and lectures are both frequen
and excellent, especially so in the season,” when strangers of distinction often favour the publi
with their views on the questions of the day.

The extraordinary love of the coloured population for music deserves encouragement anc

cultivation, ;

The fishing-boats, numbering 100, and employing 500 men, are usually of the sloop ri
with a leg-of-mutton sail, and a well for keeping the fish alive. The sponging and wreckin
vessels, numbering 500, employing 5,000 men, are of schooner rig, fine models, and fast saile
They are built by the islanders, the timbers being of native hard wood (horsefiesh), th
planking of yellow pine, from North Carolina, and vary in tonnage from 15 to 60 tons. Th
spongers ship on the share principle. The cost of the outfit is first deducted from the sale of th
sponges, then the shipowner takes one-third, the crew two-thirds.

Fish are caught with fish-pots, hand-lines and nets, the nets being taken out some distan
from the land, and hauled slowly in to the shore, wien a great variety, many of brilliant an
variegated colours, is usually secured. It forms an important article of food, but none 4
exported, with the exception of turtle (Chelonia Mydas), and the hawksbill (Chelonia imbricat
yielding the tortoise-shell of commerce, The estimated value of fish used in home consumptio
is £18,000 per annum, and of turtle exported £600 per annum. King, queen, and commo
conch-shells are exported in large quantities, being used for cameos, and in the latter is foun
the beautiful pale pink pearl now becoming so valued, The value of shells exported is #1,
per annum, and of pearls £3,000 per annum.

Ambergris is also found on these shores, and sea-cucumber (trepang). ‘The value
ambergris exported is £1,000 per annum. Corals and small shells, which are very beautil
are largely collected, and find a ready sale among ithe American visitors, and in England.

The value of the sponge exports in 1885 was £58,000, in 1883 it was £60,000, In 1882
was £59,033. From an official report the following is extracted :-—* That the sponge trade giv
employment to several thousands of persons and some hundreds of vessels, the sponges bei
divided into coarse and fine. The principal varieties, in order of their value, are known as shee
wool, white reef, abaco velvet, dark reef, boat, hardhead, grass, yellow, and glove; and of 80
of these varieties there are several grades, designated by numbers, all being used for mechan!
surgical, and bathing purposes. Bahama and Florida sponges are about equal ia texture

the Nassau Guardian and th

sometimes by diving. When first brought up they are covered with a so
as black as tar and full of organic life, the sponge as we

4

The Bahamaa. 449

organism. Tho day's catch is spread out on the deck so as to kill the mass of animal life,
which, in drying, emits a most unpleasant smell. Then the spongers go ashore and build a
pen or ‘crawl’ of stakes close to the water's edge, so that the action of the tide may wash
away the black covering, in which it is aided by pounding the sponges with sticks, When this
operation is completed the sponges are strung upon small palmetto strips, three or four to a
strip, which is called ‘a bead, when they are taken to Nassau to be sold in the sponge-market
under certain conditions and regulations, nobody being allowed to sell his cargo otherwise than
through this sponge exchange. On the conclusion of the sale the sponges are taken to the
packing-yard, where they are sorted, clipped, soaked in tubs of lime-water, and spread out to
dry in the sun. They are then pressed by machinery into bales, containing 100 Ibs., and in
this state are shipped to England or the United States, which of late years is almost the largest
customer for Bahamas sponges. ‘The export has been gradually increasing, for whereas in 1874
it only represented £16,000, last year it amounted to £58,000.

In consequence of the number of islands, harbours are easily made during heavy weather,
and sad cases of distress are of rare occurrence,

A school of art has been recently established in order to teach the natives to utilize the
many beautiful products which abound in the island, and which have iitherto been exp orted
to Italy for manufacture. Amongst these, perhaps, the most useful are the conch-shell and
the tortoise-shell. Some finely-carved cameos are shown in the Exhibition, executed by pupils
of the art schools, Buttons, sleeve-links, and a variety of other uscful and ornamental articles
are made from tho many shells of all sizes and kinds which are picked up in extraordinary
abundance on the coast, also very artistic shell flowers.

Pink pearls are found in the conch-shells, and are of great value and much prized by
jewellers, and are beautifully illustrated in the Court. They differ in value according to sizo
and colour,

Among the many varieties of useful woods which grow abundantly in the woods and gardens
are the mastic, fustic cedar, pitch pine, Madeira mahogany, horseflesh (a peculiarly hard wood),
satin, Lignum vite, logwood, ebony, bragellette, poison wood, stopper, small but excellent for
piles for building wharves. Of trees yielding barks of commercial value, the cascarilla and
cinnamon (Canella albu) are the two most deserving of mention, The cendle-berry myrtle
(Myrica unifera) producing vegetable wax, thrives.

The fruit trees are of great variety, the principal are the cocoanut tree, orange, shaddock,
lemon, sappadilles, melon, banana, tamarinds and guavos. Grapes grow well, but the other
fruits of the temperate zone, such as peaches, strawberries, &e., are ulmost unknown.

The flowers are of infinite variety and beauty, and embrace most of those common to the
tropics and many peculiar to the islands. ‘The botany of the islands is fully represented ia the
Court by a series of exquisite drawings made expressly for the Exhibition by Her Exceljeney
Mrs. Blake, Owing to the great number of strongly scented blossoms and medicinal bulbs and
roots, it is believed that the science and art of the distiller aud perfumer might be introduced
with favourable results.

The fibre of the pineapple leaf could also be turned to advantage, since it ean be used for
production of a strong and exceedingly fine kind of linen and gauze. The plants grow abun-
dantly all over the Archipelago.

The same fibres which are being so extensively exported from Yueatan are gradually
being appreciated in the Bakamas, where many of them grow wild, and doubiless in due time
they will assume their proper position in the commerce of the islands as an important export.

Climate.—The climate of the Bahamas is famous throughout the world for its beauty and
healthiness, and Nassau is now a formidable rival of Nice with the valitudinarians of the United
States. The maladies of all others which Nassau benefits most are those of the lungs and nervous
system.

The surface drainage of the city is excellent. Water soon disappears, either through the
gutfers cut in the stons—which, by the way, are very good--ut the roadside, or by percolation.
It would hardly be possible to find a stagnant pool of any kind. The streets aro very neat,
and as both the narrow side-walks and the carriage-ways are cut on the native rock, and are
equally hard and clean, it is more customary to walk on the latier than the former. All the

2G

The Bahamaa.

450

ronda s throughout the island are of the samo character, constructed by the Government, and kept

in repair by convict labour,
The mean temperature during the winter months is somewhat higher than at other health

resorts, as is shown by the following comparisons :—

Place, | Nov, | Dec. | Jan. Feb, | March. | April,
Nassau, N.P.. 76'8 73°6 73°6 73°7 75°4 76°1
Savannab,Ga. . . 58°6 51°5 §2°2 54°5 60-4 67°7
Jacksonville, Fla. . 64°1 54:2 56:4 56°1 64°2 67°8
St. Augustine, Fla. . 64°1 57:2 57°0 59°9 63°38 68°8
Pilatka, Fla... . 61°5 56°0 57°2 58°38 64°1 712
San Diego, Cal. . 56°9 51°7 51:9 53°3 56°0 61°2

i ce a a tn A

But the average mean temperature of ® month may be quite deceptive. It is the diurnal
and from day to day fluctuations which are of the greatest importance and have the most influ-
ence upon the health of invalids, In this particular Nassau has an advantage over any locality

on the Atlantic side of the continent.

Nassau is reached in two ways during the winter months, from New York, by an excellent
line of steamers, J. E. Ward & Co., which make the run in three days and a half, and from Jack-

sonville in Florida in forty hours,
run directly from London,

SAUNDERS, 8. P.—(1) Conch shells— °

Pink, Queen, King (large and small), Kid |
Hatchet, Triton, Lamb. (2) Coral—Butter- |
fly, Star, Brain, Mushroom, Pine Apple, Sugar,
Rolling Stone, Rose, Dahlia, Tooth, Pyramid,
Leaf, Lancet, Floating Stone, Butterfly on
Shells, Cabbage Leaf, Finger, Plate. (8)
Sponges—Sheepwool, Abaco Velvet, Mammoth
Velvet, Cay Velvet, Glove, Large Reef, Large
Hardhead, Grass, Yellow, Curious Mixed. (4)
Star Fishes. (5) Sea Feathers. (6) Sea
Urehins. (7) Sea Fans. (8) Sun Shells. (9)
Clam Shells. (10) Rainbow Shells. (11)
Selected Small Shells. (12) Algae, Specimens
of. (18) Palmetto Plaits. (i4) Vegetable

Sponge.

ADDERLEY, G. B.—(1) Sponges, Col-
lection of. (2) Corals—Pyramid, Mushroom,

There is also Messrs. Scrutton’s line of steamers which

SAWYER, FB. H., & CO.—Sponges—
Wool, Velvet, Yellow, Grass, Reef, Hardhead,
Reef, Glove. (2) Prince Wood Bark. (8)
Cascarilla Bark. (4) Canella Alba Bark.

KELLY, R. G.—Cigars.

BOSANQUET, WALTER. — Shells,
Collection of.

BAHAMAS GOVERNMENT (THE).
—(1) Turtle Backs, polished and made into
fancy articles. (2) Shell Work and Ornaments
made of star fish and sea fans (Gorgonias). (8)
Cameos and Carved Ornaments, manufactured
at the Nassau School of Art.

MELILLO, V., Master, Nassau
School of Art.— (1) Palmetto Fancy Bas-
kets. (2) Palmetto Fans. (8) Vegetable

Brain, Fan, Rose, Tooth, Branch, Leaf, Lancet, | Sponge fancy articles.

Stag Horn. (8) Skark’s Backbone. (4) Star |
Fish, (5) Sword from Sword Fish. (6) Sea |

Feathers. (7) Sea Fans (Gorgonias).
THRESHER
EKAST INDIA AND GE

To H.R.H. The Prince of Wales To U.R.H. the Duke of Connaught,

LIGHTBOURM, H. C.—Fibres of Peta
Plant, also rope made from same.

& GLENNY,

NERAL OUTFITTERS
To the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India, the Governor of

Madras, the Governor of Bombay, the Governor of Ceylon, the Governor of the Oape of Good Hope, do., de.

THRESHER’S complete List of every Doggneaty for. an Outat
x oor to Somerse

on application te Thresher & Glenny,

with Priced Catalogues,
House, London,

CATALOGUES POST FREE ON APPLICATION TO THRESHER & GLENNY.

NEXT DOOR TO SOMERSET HOUSE, LONDON,

a

The Bahamaa.

451

“INAGUA SALT POND CO.—Salt| SAUNDERS, W. R.—Manilla Door Mat,

made by Solar Evaporation,

BAHAMAS GOVERNMENT (THE).
—Rope, &e., made from fibres and palmetto,
fibres, Red Cotton seed, Turbot skins used as
sand-paper, Rope made from fibre of Peta plant.

SAWYER, R. H., & CO.— Woods —
Sabicea, Satin Wood, Lignum Vitewe, Ebony,
Brazaletto Mahogany, Horsetlesh (ships’ knees),
Walking Sticks (various),

BAHAMAS FACTORY (JOSEPH
JOHNSON, Manufacturer). — (1) Pre-
served Fruits in tins. (2) Pine Apples and
other fruit,

EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.—
Perfumery made from flowers especially for
the Commission by Rimmel, Strand,

YOUNG, I. H.—(1) Cotton, ordinary. (2)
Cotton, scaisland.

EXECUTIVE COMMISSIONER.—
Pink Conch Pearls, mounted by Goldsmiths and
Silversmiths Co., 112 Regent Street.

BASDEN, C.—Cotton.

McBRIDE, EMILY.—Plaits of Palmetto
and Cocoa-nut Leaves.

KELLY, JOSEPHINE.—Plaits of Pal-
metto and Cocoa-nut Leaves.

ELLES, ELLEN, — Plaits of Palmetto
and Cocoa-nut Leaves.

ROBERTS, MRS8.—(1) Palmetto Plaits.
(2) Cocoa-nut Hats. (8) Basket with Shells.

eee W. W.—Fibre of Peta
lant.

DARRELL, W. R.—(1) Sponge—sheep
woul, velvet, reef, yellow, small do., medium
grass, small do. (2) Casearilla Bark, (8)
Canella Alba Bark. (4) Woods—mahogany,
satin, box and Madeira.

BARBES, N.—Spccimens of Inagua Salt,

THOMPSON, THOMAS I.—(1) Star
Fish. (2) Corals, (8) Sea Fans. (4) Sea
Feathers. (5) Sea Stars. (6) Sea Urchins.
(7) Cuttle Fish. (8) Curious Sponges.

KELLY, R. G.—Cigars—Prelilactos de
Kelly, Someillan’s Choice, Londres Finos, Plan-
tation, Bognet, Lindas, Carumelos, Petit, Our
Shorts, Principes, Reina Finas, Royal Victoria,
Morton's Delight, Conchas Comme il faut, Con-
chitas, Concha Finos, Reine Finos, Londres
Chico.

PEARCE, R. A.—(1) Card Table.
Chess Table.

GENERAL COMMITTEE, Nassau.
--(1) Sponges. (2) Palmetto Hats. (8) Pal-
metto Baskets. (4) Palmetto Hammocks, (5)

(2)

Pulmetto Trays, (6) Palmetto Mats. (7)
Palmetto Plaits. (8) Palmetto Sieves. (8)

Palmetto Finger Suckers, (10) Palmetto Rope
and Cable. (11) Palmetto Line. (12) Mats
of Fibre of Peta Plant. (18) Red Cotton and
Seed. (14) Turbot Fish Skins. (15) Skull
of Loggerhead Turtle. (16) Peta Fibre. (1'7)
Sea Fens and Feathers, (18) Shell Work.
(19) Fish Scale Work. (20) Lace Work and
Tatting. (21) Yucca Plant able Mats, Fane,
Bonnets and Hats, (22) Sticks, (23) Turtle
Backs. (24) Grasses. (25) Boots and Shoes,
used in the pine-apple fields.

2@a2

BRITISH HONDURAS.

In being the one British settlement in Central America British Honduras has its distinctiy
geographical feature. It lies on the edge of that gradually attenuated neck of land, of whie
so much is untravelled and mysterious, which at last becomes the Isthmus of Panama, an
joins the two Americas. Low and flat towards the Bay of Honduras, it rises gradually inlan
towards the last spurs of the Cordilleras ; the Cockscomb Mountains on its western boundar
are of the same mould as those which Mr. Whymper climbed further to the north. Its chara
{eristies are vast forests of valuable timber, deep tropical rivers, sweeping savannahs of swam
and rank grass. It is filled with traces of Indian, Mexican, or Spanish civilisation in ages nov
remote; their forts and cities are covered with luxuriant tropical growth, or gradually sinkin
below a new surface of yearly accumulated soil. One day not many years hence these ma
open an unexplored field to the archeologist. Yet the whole Colony is not believed to contai
more than 7,352 square miles; in other words is not much larger than Wales.

Its political history is unique even in the history of British colonial enterprise; its event
reproduce in petto that of our settlement in India. Ono of our older settlements, it is one
our yoangest colonies. The logwood on its river banks attracted the attention of some Britis
rovers, and they scttled at the river mouths along all this coast for the purpose of cutting fir
the dye-woods, afterwards mahogany. In despite of the Spaniards, by sufferance of th
Spaniards, at last by conquest of the Spaniards, these hardy Scotch and English men retaine
their footing on the Belize river, when they had been driven from the rest of Campeachy. Th
British Government but poorly recognised their pluck at first; about the beginning of thi
century they deigned to countenance them by appointing a Superintendent. A constitutio
followed, and gradually developed with the requirements of political life. In 1862 Britis
Honduras was made a Colony with a Lieutenant-Governor, under the Governor-in-Chief
Jamaica, Iz 1879 its existence as a separate Colony was consummated, and its Govern
corresponded direct with the Secretary of State.

The chief town of the colony is Belize, a port facing right out on the Bay of Hondura
guarded by reefs which make navigation difficult. The site is flat, but not unpicturesque, t
wooden houses pleasantly relieved by the waving palm-trees ; not unlike the gencral aspect
Feorgetown, Demerara, which is also on very low ground. Orange Walk and Corosal—t
places of next importance —can scarcely be called towns. ‘There is not a road in the count
worthy of the name except the usual evening drive of the residents of Belize; its highways a
the rivers and the sca, the former navigated by “ pitpans”—a dug-out canoc—the latter
coasting schooners. Very limited, therefore, is the portion opened to trade. Proportionatel
attractive will the Colony be to future enterprise.

Mahogany cutting is the chief industry ; and on this the reputation of British Hondw
is founded. ‘The logwood trade runs it close. Both depend on the rivers down which. the et
timber is floated; and nothing is cut except within easy draught of a river bank. Next
these, attention is given to the growth of fruit for the American market; plantations
bananas and eocoanuts are increasing in number and size yearly. There are six or seven sug
estates at worl, sending out sugar in the form which is known as concrete—that is, in @ 00
pactly welded brown mass, very dark, and full of molasses, which hus the advantage of savi
the owner from loss by leakage in transit, but is uscless without careful refining.

In the autumn of 1882 Mr. Morris of Jamaica, whose vigorous prosecution of his botani
duties has earned him tie appointment of Assistant-Director at Kew Gardens, visited a
prospected British Honduras, and embodied in a small volume his conclusions as regards
industrial future of the Colony. Existing industry can be extended and improved by openi
up the country; vast tracts of mahogany still remain untouched, and the best wood, to t
porth of the Belizo river, is snat which has least been meddled with. The cultivation

British Honduras. 453

ananas is crude; but clearings of the forest will provide some of the richest soil in the world.
he same may be said of sugar. A central factory has not been suggested, nor is the country
et ripe for it; but there is a virgin soil to set against the exhausted ground of most of the
Vest India Islands; and there is no reason why a large share of profits from sugar should not
m fall to the British Honduras planter. Mr. Morris found the cacao or cocoa-tree, and the
anilla bean, growing wild in the forests; coffee shrubs bear enormous crops just across the
rontier; the oil of the cohune nut is one of the most valuable of vegetable oils, and the
hune palm is one of the distinctive features of the landscape. Fibre plants are numerous,
nd for fibro there is an entirely unsatisfied demand. The possible development of these
esources is for present purposes unlimited.

The direct commercial connection of the Colony is with New Orleans, a straight run of some
600 miles N.E. by N. across the Gulf of Mexico, after rounding Cape Catoche. Thither goes all
the fruit, and with it the mails and passengers. Timber is shipped to Europe by sailing craft.
A considerable increase must take place in the speed of ocean-going steamers before we can
expect to see the fruit of British Honduras, but ten days old, in Covent Garden market. There
is likewise a very considerable trade with the neighbouring republics of Guatemala and
Honduras, and with Mexico, With the first-named state it is conducted chiefly by way of the
Belize river and across the frontier to Peten; with the others it is carried on along the coast.
In order to settle the trade routes finally, two things are wanted—to set at rest the boundary
Aiifficulty with Mexico and Guatemala, and to open up the country either by rail or road. If, at
they profess, the two Governments mentioned are really anxious to mark out their boundaries,
the treaty boundary of our Colony should, before many months are over, be finally settled and
marked out. Surveyors are cutting the line at this moment. Several projects for a railway
Jhave been mooted of lato years. An effort has quite recently been made in the city to sound
financial houses about a line between the two rivers and into Guatemalan territory, tapping
@sme of the richest land in Central America. We rather fear that such schemes are not heartily
Asupported by the present traders and property-holders in the Colony. This is a fault of young
and flourishing settlements. DPeople are doing very well on the old lines, and they are not too
anxious to let in young blood and enterprise to share, and perhaps dock, their profits,

Land and labour are the desiderata of the capitalist who is looking out for new fields to
conquer. Ilere there is abundant land, the property of the Crown, to be sold in lots at one dollar
per acre. After a while it will be for the Crown to consider whether it would not be wiser to
lease it. That most of this soil is good, some of it exceedingly rich, we have already mentioned.

The labour question is one that is at present agitating the Colony; a recently printed
report on the subject shows the position of the question, and the feclings of the employers. At
present labour is scarce, its price high. It can hardly be otherwise where the wants of the
labourer have not been multiplied by an elaborate civilisation, and comfort is attained with
the smallest possible exertion. But from the capitalist’s point of view the difficulty is serious.
High-priced labour means a high cost of production, and being undersold by other countries,
One experiment is worth trying—the immigration of our surplus population from the British
Iles. The climate of British Honduras is cooler than that of the neighbouring countries,
ud Americans have succeeded there as field-workers. The climate which suits our kinsmen of
the States shold not be devoid of attraction to the strugglers of these islands.

[A Revised Catalogue will be shortly issued.] | (Anona squanosa). (11) Gubapple. (12) Bal-
sain (Myrowylon tolufera), (18) Balsam berry.

InpiagzNous Woops. (14) Yaha, or chapara. (15) Bullet or Buley

tree. (16) Timber sweet. (17) Carbon. (18)

THE BELIZE ESTATE AND PRO- | Cassava wood. (19) Madre cacao (Hrythrina
UCH CO.—(1) Mahogany (Decandria mono- | umbrosa). (20) Rosewood (Dalbergia, sp.). (21)
ynia, Swiet.). (2) Logwood (Hematorylon | Bastard rosewood. (22) Cedar (Cedrela odo-
ampechianum). (8) Sapodilla, black and red | rata). (28) Bay cedar (Cedrela odorata, sp.).
Achras sapota). (4) Chechom, or poison wood. ; (24) White Maya. (25) Pine (Pinus Cubensis).
5) Fustie Morus tinctoria). (6) Mammy sirira. | (26) Cherry. (27) Wild grape. (28) Pisari,
7) Mammy apple. (8) Monkey apple. (9)| or Peccary wood. ‘29) Calabash (Crescentia
tar apple (Chrysophyllum). (10) Custard apple | cujete). (80) Cabba,. bark tree. (81) Cin-

eee

454

namon (wild), (82) Santamaria (Calophyllum

calaba). (83) Button wood. (84) Salaam.
(85) Blackheart. (86) Billy Webb. (37)
randy Betty. (88) Boy’s Lob. (88) John

Crow. (40) Pigeon Plum. (41) Allspice (Hu-
genia pimenta). (42) Fiddlewood (Cythareaylum
melano, Carduino). (48) Dogwood (Piscidia
7) ia (44) Granadillo. (45) Nurgusta.
(46) Ironwood (Laplacea hematoxylon). (47)
Polewood. (48) Axeuwaster. (49) Lignum
vite (L. vite). (50) Pix or Pij. (51) Teabox.
(52) Prickly yellow. (58) Silly Young. (54)
Lavin. (565) Good Luck. (56) Redwood. (57)
Turtle Bone. (58) Wild Provision (Pachira
aquatica). (59) Craboo, or Crabeu. (60) My
Lady. (61) Mangrove, red, black, and white
(Rhizophora mangle). (62) Mayflower. (63)
Botan (Subal excelsamonis). (64) Bullhook.
(65) Wild fig (Ficus), (66) Calabash (Crescen-
tia cujete). (67) Yash Nick. (68) Oak (pro-
bably Quercus virens, motus). (69) Walkuaked.
(70) Bribri. (71) Palm cabbage (Euterpe
montana of some, Areca oleracea of others).
(72) Palm cabbage, white (Orcodaxa oleracea).
(78) Palm Colhoun (Attalea cohune). (74)
Palm cocoanut (Cocos mucifera). (75) 'Tu-
bruce. (76) Cramnati. (77) ‘emery, or Emery.
(78) Gombolimbo (Symphonia, sp.). (79) Ra-
mun or Ramon (Trophia Americana). (80)
Cockspur (Acacia spadicifera). (81) Wire beer
(Psilium, sp.). (82) Water wood. (838) Knock
Me Back. (84) Drunken Bayman. (85) Wild
tamarind. (86) Bread nut (Brosimum alicas-
trum). (87) Glassy wood. (88) Indiarubber
(Siphonia castilloa elastica). (89) Iguana blos-
som (Iguana tuberculata). (90) Negrito. (91)
Ziricote. (92) Cashew or Cashaw (Prosophis
piliflora, Morris). (93) Satin wood (Chloroxylon
wiet, sp.). (84) Beewood. (95) Two curious
tropicai woods, known as the ‘Scotchman
hugging the Creole. (96) Salt water pimento.
(97) Silver water pimento. (98) Hairy Tom.

SPECIMENS OF Woops SUITABLE FOR WALKING
STICKS.

THE BELIZE ESTATE AND PRO-
DUCE CO.—(1) Orange bemboo, wild cane.
(2) Rosewood, allspice, logwood, half-crown. (8)
‘Poke and do, boy,” palmettos, supple jacks.
(4) Tie-tie and walk naked tree. (5) The
basket tie-tie. (6) Water tie-tie. (7) Sarah’s
pockethandkerchief. (8) Blood tie-tie. (9)
Mountain cow tie-tie. (10) Star tie-tie. (11)
Bilini box tie-tie. (12) X’armicab tie-tie.
(18) Snake tie-tie. (14) Bullet tree tie-tie.
(15) Chewstick tie-tie.

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty.
GOLD KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETERS.

hunting or crystal glass cases, plain polished or richly engraved, }-plate, finely jewelled movements, chronometer

LADIES’

balance, specially adapted for all climates, £18 to £35.

LADIES’ GOLD KEYLESS HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING WATCHES. In strong

18-carat gold cases, superior finish, fully jewelled movements, E'egant in appearance, accurate and reliable,

£10 to £21.

British Honduras.

a ,

Fisres.

THE BELIZE ESTATE AND PRO.
DUCE CO.—(1) Banana fibre, from outer sub-
stance. (2) Banana fibre, from inner substance,
(3) Spanish towel. (4) Pita, or silk grass, (5)
Hennequen, or siral hemp. (6) Hennequen
rope. (7) Moho, or Moho, bark and rope. (8)
Cocoanut. (9) Cotton. (10) Down of the salt
water pimento.

MISCELLANEOUS.

THE BELIZE ESTATE AND PRO.
DUCH CO.—(1) Sugar cane. (2) Honey. (8)
Coffee. (4) Tobacco. (5) Mountain cigar
bush. (6) Sarsaparilla. (7) Anatto. (8) Gin-
ger. (9) Wanga seeds. (10) Cabbage (palm).
(11) Piuda or ground nuts. (12) Cahoon nuts.
(18) Cocoanuts. (14) Indiarubber or caoutchoue,
(15) Toonu. (16) Pith. (17) Gourds. (18)
Calabashes.
Black beans.
corn. (28) Rice. (24) Wild beans.
Barks, of kinds. (26) Fever grass. (27) Sam-
ples of sugar, concrete and muscovado.
Samples of rum. (29) Samples of Falernum.
(80) Samples of cane vinegar. (81) Samples
of shrub. (82) Samples of sorel wine. (88)
Samples of arrowroot. (84) Samples of Cas-
saya starch. (35) Samples of Cassava flour. (36)
Samples of Cassava bread. (87) Samples of
Plantain flour. (38) Samples of Banana
flour. (89) Samples of cocoanut oil. (40)
Samples of Cahoon oil. (41) Preserved citron
and Paupan. (42) Peppers, and mixed pickles.
(43) Tobacco. (44) Cigars. (45) Cigarettes,
(46) Sponges. (47) Skins,

Furniture, &c.

FACTORY CF FRANCISCO AN-
DUEZA.—Sideboard, consisting of the
following woods, viz.:—(1) cedar, poison-
wood, paulmalata, sapodilla, anacahinta,
orange, cocoanut, logwood, yellowwood,
rosewood, fustic, hornwood, dogwood, mohv,
billyweb, mahogany, T'achnic, ebony, cocoa
mother and suswe. (2) Ornamental tables,
of various woods. (3) Show case frames,
of various woods. (4) Indian chairs. (5) Ma-
hogany hat racks. (6) Mahogany bowls.
(7) Brooms. (8) Cassava graters. (9) Shells
and shellwork. (10) Ornamental gourds. (11)
Cocoanut cups. (12) Bamboo bottles. (18)
Feather fans. (14) Marimbas, or Indian pianos.

& 64, Cheapside, London.

In 18-carat hunting, half-

British Honduras. 455

(15) Swizzle sticks. (16) Cassava beaters. | rods. (28) Mocassins. (30) Indian antiquities.
(17) Axe handles. Sel} Tortilla stool. (19) | (81) Arrow heads. (82) Carib patakers. (38)
Pestle and mortar. (20) Oblong wash bowl. | Catacurias. (34) Cassava baskets and beaters.
(21) Embroidered dress and needlework. (22) | (85) Lobster pots. (86) Models of mahogany
Native earthenware and pottery. (23) Model | trucks. (87) Cast net. (88) Corals, (89)
pitpans. (24) Mahogany dosey, with fittings.| Antelope horns. (40) Birds. (41) Reptiles.
(25) Cedar dosey, polished. (26) Model of (42) Casts of fish. (43) Quartz and mineral
Carib dosey. (27) Paddles. (28) Harpvon | specimens.

WEST AFRICA SETTLEMENTS.

Tne West Africa Settlements consist of Sierra Leone, with Freetown as its principal town; and
the Gambia, situated on the River of that name, with its chief town of Bathurst.

Sierra Leone was ceded to Great Britain in 1787 by the native chiefs; and was made a
residence for freed slaves from the United States and West Indies. A large tract of country
called Sherbro was added to it in 1862.

The scenery of Sierra Leone is very picturesque; and the line of hills from which it derives
its name has a beautiful appearance, especially from the sea; but the climate has proved very
deadly to European residents.

The settlement of the Gambia lies considerably to the north of Sierra Leone, the tract of
country between the two being mostly in the hands of the natives. It is much mixed up with
the possessions of the French, who ave pushing their way in all directions from their colony of
Senegambia.

GAMBIA.

The Gambia makes a good show with a variety of Exhibits, which illustrate the
resources of the country. The late Administrator, Captain Moloney, C.M.G., previous to his
promotion to be Governor of Lagos, succeeded, with the assistance of an energetic Local
Committee, in forming a most valuavie and interesting collection of the various articles of the
produce and industries of the neighbourhood, as well as of specimens of Natural History.

The Exhibits are classified as follows :—

Oil producing and other Seed Roots; Samples of Coffee and Tea; Medicinal Plants;
contributed by Mr. EK. Allegre, of Bathurst. Indigo. Rubber. Oils. Gums. Beeswax. Woods,
Fibre and Rope. A large number of Pangs or native cloths. Leather Work. Wood Work.
Farming Implements. Musical Instruments. Earthenware. Mats. Baskets. Hats. Grass
Work. Calabashes. Silver Jewellery.

The literature comprises various ‘Testaments, Catcchisms, Dictionaries, and Grammars, &c.,
in the native Language.

The Natural History Collection contains Heads of Monkeys and a Wild Boar, Horns and
Skins, Ivory Tusks, Fish preserved in bottles, and a beautiful Collection of Butterflies, Beetles,
Shells and Birds, made by the late Administrator, Captain Moloney, and scientifically arranged
by Captain Shelley.

SIERRA LEONE.

Unfortunately the Exhibits from this settlement have not arrived in time for any description
to be given of them, but it will appear in the second edition.

THE GOLD COAST COLONY.

Tue Gold Coast has been occupied in one form or another as a British Settlement since 1672,
when the Royal African Company was formed, which built several forts along the coast, and
strengthened Cape Coast Castle, which was already in existence.

This company was succeeded in 1750 by the African Company of Merchants, which was
constituted by Act of Parliament. 'This company was dissolved in 1821, and the forts transferred
to the Orown, and placed under the Government of Sierra Leone. This was soon followed by
the first Ashanti war, and on Jouuary 24, 1824, the Governor, Sir Charles Macarthy, was defeated
aud slain, and his head carried to Coomassi. This war was ended by a victory over the Ashantis
near Accra in 1827.

After this the Government of the country was again placed in the hands of a mercantile
body, which continued until the second Ashanti war in 1863. A force of West Indian troops was
then marched to the Prah, and encamped there; but the enemy never appeared, and the troops
were withdrawn after suffering great loss from sickness.

These events were followed by a rearrangement of possessions between the English and the
Dutch, which occasioned so much trouble to the latter power that, in 1871, Holland abandoned to
Great Britain all its rights on the coast.

This convention was not approved of by the King of Ashanti, who, in December, 1872,
invaded the British Protectorate, and so commenced the third and last Ashanti war. In 1878 it
was determined to send out troops to repel the invasion, and to take Coomassi. This was carried
out under Sir Garnet Wolseley, who erossed the Prah in January, 1874, and on February 4
captured Coomassi.

After this war the Settlements on the Gold Coast, and at Lagos, were by Charter dated
24 July, 1874, united under one constitution as the Gold Coast Colony, which continued until
the present year, when Lagos has been separated from the Gold Coast, and formed into a separate
Colony.

Two cases in the centre of this Court contain a large collection of gold ornaments and
jewellery entirely of native workmanship. In case No. 1 most of these gold ornaments form a
portion of the indemnity paid by the King of Ashanti to the British government at the close of
the war in 1874. There is also a very handsome necklace which belonged to the King himself, and
was taken in his palace at the capture of Coomassi, and is now the property of Mr. Adderley,
C.M.G., the Commissioner for the West Indies. At the base there are some iron anklets and
bracelets of native work which were taken at the same time, as well as dies for stamping designs,
some of which have been used in the decoration of this Court.

In Case No. 2 there is a large and varied collection of gold jewellery and personal ornaments,
as well as nuggets, lent by native chiefs and inhabitants of the Gold Coast. There is also a
beautiful and interesting collection of gold ornaments of native workmanship lent by their owners
in this country. At the base there is a curious collection of quaint figures made of iron by the
Ashantis, as well as specimens of Agrrey beads which are found occasionally in the ground, and
are valued by the natives above gold. They are supposed to be of Egyptian origin and cannot be
imitated.

A table case contains specimens of quartz in which gold is found, taken from Crocker’s
Reef, belonging te the Nassau Mining Company, Limited, with some nuggets of pure gold.

In the first case next the wall there is a collection of the better sort of silk and cotton cloths
of native workmanship, the two in the centre being the most valuable. In front of them is
state stool of a chief, adorned with silver, and on it are an elephant’s tail, which belonged to the
head chief of Cape Coast, and a brush. Both of these are used for keeping off flies from the chief.
There are also two cushions in leather work,

458 The Gold Coast Colony.

On the shelf and the top are specimens of native pottery, including Ashanti pipes, as well as
more native cloths, with one embroidered in silk with birds, which was found in the palace
at the capture of Coomassi in 1874.

On the adjoining walls there are cases of birds and butterflies, carved calabashes, wooden
bowls, as well as some ammunition belts, war-horn, and other things taken in the Ashanti war of
1873.

The next case contains specimens of native matting and basket work, as well as of carvings in
wood, some of which are of a very grotesque character. In the centre there is a Fetish drum,
with aprons on each side worn by Fetish priests. There is also an assortment of various Fetish
charms and other objects connected with Fetish worship.

On the wall there is a collection of hats made and used by the natives, and some beutiful
photographs of various places on the Gold Coast, taken by Mr. Douglas, District Commissioner at
Axim.

The next case contains a large assortment of native cloths and network, with specimens of
the materials used in making them, and a loom by which the cloths are made. There is also a
collection of suakes and other objects of natural history. Next this case there is a beautiful
collection of birds and insects, with a fine specimen of the weaver bird’s nest ; a cone of the
palm oil tree and other objects, contributed by Messrs. F. and A. Swanzy.

On the Counters and about the court there are native drums, canoe paddles, and models of
canoes, two state chairs of chiefs, with more ordinary chairs and stools.

There are also elephants’ tusks, skins of animals, and specimens of various woods, oils, seeds,
palm-nuts, viola-nuts, fibres, &¢.

( 459 )

LAGOS.

Lacos is situated on the Bight of Benin, and was in former times the headquarters of the slave
trade, which led to its occupation by a British foree. In 1861, Docemo the king ceded to Great
Britain the Island and port of Lagos. The king continued to reside at Lagos with a pension of
£1000 a year until his death, which took place last year.

At first the Settlements of Lagos were erected into a separate Government. In 1866 they
were amalgamated with the West Africa Settlements under the Government of Sierra Leone.

After the Ashanti war in 1874, the Gold Coast Settlements were by Charter erected into the
Gold Coast Colony, and by that Charter Lagos was amalgamated with it.

In the present year Lagos has been separated from the Gold Coast with a constitution of its
own,

The Colony of Lagos includes Badagry on the west and adjoining Dahomey; Lagos island,
lying among lagoons in the centre; and Palma and Leckie on the east.

The waters of Lagos, which are entered by a somewhat dangerous bar, constitute the only
safe harbour along 600 miles of coast.

The Lagos collection, in addition to its own exhibits, also contains a number of articles from
the adjoining countries near the river Niger, over a large portion of which a British Protectorate
has been proclaimed.

The principal native industries represented are cloths, and embroidered robes called “ Tobes,”’
worn by Mahommedans; grass cloths and mats, basket work, bamboo and other furniture.

The numerous specimens of leather work in sandals, ieggings, swoid and dagger sheaths, as
well as the water pots and other articles made of hides, are mostly from ‘he Niger countries.

The large collection of brass pots, jugs, basins, &c., are also from there.

The Fetish worship of the natives is illustrated by a curious Fetish table from Porto-Novo,
near Dahomey, containing a double row of figures representing the various kinds of inhabitants
of the place. There are also a number of masks worn in Fetish ceremonies, and grotesque
wooden figures and other articles connected with Fetish worship, as well as with ordinary life.

There are a number of calabashes with devices carved and burned upon them; images,
wooden spoons, sticks, and stools. There is a collection of ivory tusks, one of which has 100
quaint figures carved upon it by a native; horns, ivory armlets, musical instruments, and some
silver ornaments.

The literature comprises two illuminated copies of the Koran, one of which was presented
by the Sultan of Nupé to Mr. Jas. Croft, one of the early pioneers of travel and commerce on
the river Niger, and a Mohammedan book brilliantly illustrated, with verses from the Koran ;
books in the Yoruba language, with a French-Yoruba dictionary; and a Lagos almanack,
published yearly by Mr. J. A. Payne, a native, which contains a large amount of interesting
information.

There is also a large and interesting collection of seeds, peppers, lentils, nuts, oil, cotton, silk,
and other produce, besides specimens of various woods, with three tables made of woods of the
country. .

A local map and photographs further illustrate the neighbourhood of Lagos.

( 460 )

MALTA.
By Sir Vicror Hovurtoy, G.C.M.G,

Tis small but most important dependency of the Crown is situate 58 miles from the nearest
point of Sicily, and about 180 from the nearest point of the mainland of Africa, The picturesque
Valletta, its port and capital, is in 35° 54’ N. Latitude, and 14° 36’ E, Longitude. Its length
is about 17 miles by 9 miles. breadth; its area about 95 square miles; and that of Gogo, its
sister isle, 20 square miles,

The population of Malta is, in round numbers, 150,000, the prominent characteristics of
which show an intense attachment to their native soil (to which they give the pretty sobriquet
of Il Fior del Mondo), coupled with unflinching loyalty to Her Majesty, and the Throne of
England ; and it is one of the densest to be met with in any part of the world (some 1,400 to the
square mile), exclusive of British troops and their families.

Malta bristles with historic associations of the deepest interest, from the so-far-back date of
1519 b.c., when the Phoonicians settled there, throughout its tenure by Carthaginians, Romans,
Goths, Saracens (who were expelled b; Count Roger, the Norman), up to early in the sixteenth
century, when it was granted by the Roman Emperor, Charles V., to the Order of the Knights
of St. John of Jerusalem, by whom it was held for more than three centuries. Far abler pens
than mine have already put on lasting record the history of the tenure of the island by the
Knights of Malta, their brilliant deeds and achievements, together with the fall and final
dispersion of the Order, only at that juncture, when the raison d’étre for their existence ceased
under altered times and altered circumstances.

What is of more special interest at the present moment is its modern history; but a recital
in detail of the immense progress and substantial improvements under all heads, which have
been effected in the island from 1860 to 1886, would occupy a great deal more space than could
be fairly allotted to them in these short prefatory remarks.

Prominent, however, amongst these great works of improvement, we must cite the extension

of the great harbour works, begun in 1860 under Sir Gaspard Le Marchant, and finished in
1874, which transferred the spacious French Creek into the hands of the Admiralty authorities,
whilst it provided a safe and still larger site for the anchorage of the merchant shipping; the
remodelling of the drainage works, by means of which the sewage, formerly carried into the
harbour, is now discharged into the open sea; the reorganisation of the water supply, which
has already more than doubled the supply existent twenty years ago; and the immense
improvements in hygiene, which are being vigorously continued under the administration of
Sir Lintern Simmons, G.C.B., the actual Governor, works which have not only restored to Malta
its reputation as one of the healthiest winter resorts in Europe, but affords in addition a practical
demonstration of the activity and energy to be met with under British rule.

The two islands of Malta and Goso are very highly cultivated. Their principal products
are cotton, potatoes, and corn. The vine is grown largely for the table, though very little wine

made in the island ; but oranges and figs are in great abundance, and it would be difficult to
find in any other part of the globe, a more delicious fruit than the blood egg orange of Malta,
which ripens in the months of January and early February. The honey of Malta is proverbial
for its goodness and bouquet, and early crops of potatoes meet with a ready sale in Covent
Garden Market in the months of March and April.

The exhibits in the Malta Court, enumerated in this catalogue, are indicative of the industries
of the island, and in the present Exhibition show a marked progress under various heads since
the date of the London and Paris Exhibitions, at both of which the Maltese Islands and their
industries were represented.

The three great specialities of the island, stone work, lace, and jewellery, form:(as they did
on the former occasion, just alluded to) the prominent exhibits in the present instance ; but the
beautiful facade outside the Court executed in Malta, under M. Gallzia, the Superintendent of

Malta. 461

sent out to Malta and there executed, and sent back to this country iu numbered blocks, so that
it was re-erected here in an incredibly short time, and without a flaw, is a new and great advance
in the stone-work of tho island, and should be the means of promoting a brisk trade between this
country and Malta, for ornamental stone-work of this description, either for garden ornamentation
at the end of vistas, or for entrances to pleasure grounds, &v., the small cost of the work in
Malta (labour at 2s. per day) and the facility and cheapness of the sea transport, rendering the
execution of similar ornamenia! stone-work in Malla based upon any designs sent out there
from this country, and when completed re-sent here, far cheaper than if originally executed in
England.

In the lace manufacture (speciality No. 2) althongh the old designs are still to the fore, an
Art School, of late years established in Valetta, has been the means of introducing some new and
some very effective original designs, which are sure to meet with a very favourable reception on
the part of the British public. Whilst in the workmanship of silver filagree (speciality No. 3)
there is a specimen of a bird-cage which is so broadly and artistically worked, that it might be
compared and would hold its own with the finest specimens of filagree made at Genoa,

There has been, therefore, much progress made in the handling aud execution of the three great
specialities of the Island; but in addition to progressive improvement in these specialities there
are a great many “ novelties” amongst the present exhibits, which had no existence in previous
Exhibitions, such, for instance, as the workmanship of musical instruments, of which there are
some very fine specimens of violoncellos, violins, and kettle-drums; also two models of novel
design of ship-lights; some exyuisite models of ships and boats; whilst a specimen of the
Gobelin tapestry from the Conncil Room of the Palace of the Grandmasters, showing the state
of the tapestry when fallen into decay, and its restoration under Sigs. Palmieri, will delight all
those who are interested in the restoration of these and such like magnificent tapestries to their
original brilliancy and colouring. A noble specimen of this latter industry —one of great difficulty
and intricacy—is to be seenin the Picture Gallery in the Albert Hall, together with many pictures
by Maltese artists, of great worth, interest, and attraction,

We conclude this short preface, in which only a few salient points of the merits of the Malta
exhibits could be touched upon, with a strong recommendation that, as they, well deserve, the
public will give them the full advantages of their enlightened criticism,

a

462

Agricultural produce, exhibited by Baron
Azopardi, Member of the Exhibition Commission.

Agricultural implements: cart with complete
harness, pack saddle complete, with bag and
two tubs. Sporting appliances. Samples of
wood, exhibited by Dr, O. IT. Bardon, V.8.,
Member of the Exhibition District Committee.

Alimentary products, exhibited by A. larru-
gia, Dr. O. T. Bardon, 0. Azopardi, N. Bonnici,
S. Attard, ©, Aberla & Co., T'esta Brothers,
Galdes & Spiteri, Bisagga, G., John Calleja &
Co., CO, Baldaechino, Gambin Brothers, F’. Calle-
ja, C. Cassola, V. Testa, Rev.—Taferla, Ursola
Vella, Barbara Bartolo.

Jams and preserves, exhibited by B. Barbara
Bartolo, G. Bisagga, John Calleja & Co., F.
Calleja.

Groceries, exhibited by L. Coppini, A. Farru-
gia, Miss H. de Baroni Galea, V, Gerada, A.
Farrugia, Dr. O. 'T', Bardon.

Taylor and dressmaking, exhibited by C,
Monreal, G. Briffa, S. Bartoli Galea, G. Barbato
Muller, G. B. Psaila.

Specimens of court, military, shooting, and
other boots, exhibited by A. Scifo, R. Di Gio-
vanni, S. Axisa, Navarro Bros, Giuseppe
Grasso, At. Ang. Boridiere, 8. Cassar, A. Britta,

Gold and Silver Works.

Silver Filigree Birdcage, exhibited by Vincent
Massa.

Gold necklace with enamelled crosses, ex-
hibited by Vincent Leone.

Buttons similar to those found on the costumes
of Maltese countrymen, exhibited by G. Preia
Mizzi.

Cups in silver filigree, exhibited by Lorenzo
Lupi.

Silver cigar and card cases, exhibited by
A. Padovani Gimes,

Pair of te earrings, gold filigree with
pearls, exhibited by Dr. D. 'T. Formosa.

Specimens of Maltese silver and gold jewellery
and plate, shown the following exhibitors: J.
Meli Mifsud, Giuseppe Laferla, G. Bartolo,
Giorgio Preco, Francis Meli, G. Micallef, Michele
Meli, A. Farrugia, Miss A.de Conti Sant, Conte
Formosa Gauci, S. Butterworth, V. Tabone,
Gio Batta Aquilina, G. Azopardi & Co., Paolo
Borg, Carnielo Bellia, C. Legond.

Objects of jewellery in tortoise.shell, exhibited
by L. Lawson,

Malta,

Copper and brass kitchen utensils, exhibited
by H. Vella, F, Galdes.

Domestic utensils in zine, exhibited by F,
Azopardi, F, Cauchi, R. Sultana.

Domestic utensils in tin, exhibited by F,
Azonardi, Friggieri, Galdes, & W. Fresh,

Model of apres re cupola of Turkish ceme-
tery in Malta, exhibited by V. Di L. Ganci.

Specimens of iron work, exhibited by C,
Mercieca and G, Abela.

Models of engines, hydraulic jack, and other
machinery, exhibited by J. Kogers, 8. Cachia,
©. Bonnici, 'T’, Clayton, 8. Mizz, G. Amato, V.
Attard.

fpecimens of stone from quarries in Malta,

Specimens of alabaster and marble from
Maltese quarries.

Specimens of Maltese stone work for archi-
tectural purposes, exhibited by Hon. E. Galizia,
M.Inst.0.E.,, President of the Exhibition Com-
mission.

Carvings in stone :— Vases, fountains, baskets,
plates, &¢., exhibited by P. Cauchi, F. Jesta,
A, Perza, W. Francalanza, F. G. de Baroni,
Azopardi, P, Atiard,

Mosaic work: table tops aud slabs, exhibited
by Darmanin & Sons, 8. Darmanin, F.
Pesaila,

Terra-cotta and other pottery, exhibited hy
F. Camilleri, C. Abela, L. Zarb, A. Galdes, P.
Attard.

Maltese costumes in papier mache, exhibited
by CO. Ruggier.

Violins, mandolines, guitars, banjos, and
other musicnl instruments, exhibited by ©.
Falzon, R. Tonna, G. Calegari, G. Vecchio, 'T,
Conti, F. Schembri, G. Scichina & Son, A,
Dalli, A. Tonna, G. Barbald, Fenech Bros.,
P. P. 'Tacco,

Kxamples of carving and gilding cornices,
&e., exhibited by G. Furrugia, A. Gauci.

Samples of various descriptions of varnish
with decorations showing their use, exhibited
by A. Gauci, P. Bonello, P, Gauci, J, Ganci.

Specimens in ivory, in wood, inlaying and
fretwork, exhibited by P. Darmanin, G. Bartoli,
P. Sultana, A. G, Fenech, P. Bugeja, V. Sacco,
Orphan Schools at Floriana, Cospicua, &ce., G.
Strickland, G. Farongia, ©. Cauchi, E. Bell, P.
Bonnici, G. Segond, T. Conti, E. Samuel, C,

HUMPHREYS’ IRON BUILDINGS,

The whole of the Iron Buildings erected forthe Fisheries, Health, Inventions,
and Colonial and Indian Exhibition by J. Cc. HUMPHREYS (Works, Alber:
Gate, Kensington Road), are FORSALE. For sizes see Page 252 in Catalogue.

Office at Principal Entrance, South Promenade.

Manager always in attendance.

N.B.—Several Iron Churches, Chapels, Schools, and Public Buildings, now
on Show, FOR SALE, at the Works (a few minutes’ walk, Kensington Road)

Malta.

Balzan, A, Carbonaro, G, Camenzuli, A. Stivale, .
E. Peel, V. Speteri, F. Caileja, V. Sacco, ©. | tobacco, snuff, and matches, exhibited by V.

Segond.

Carriages and harness, exhibited by G, Gas-
cinelli & Bros., D. OC. Barden.

Joiners’ and carpenters’ tools, exhibited by 8,
Muscat, A. Mizzi.

Furniture and upholstery, with specimens of
joinery, exhibitrd by M. Piscopo, O. Azopardi, |
G. Segond, R. Darmin, E. Calija, M. A. Crock-
ford, A. de Corti Sant, L. Micallej, G, Deboni,
8, Muscat.

Models of boats of various descriptions and
appliances used in the mercantile navy ; fishing
materials, &c., exhibited by P. Grech, S. Saliba,
KF, & A. Gatt, P. Pavia, M. Bonnici, V. Borda,
§. Cachia, ©. Portelli, P. Galea & Sons.

Barrels and Casks, exhibitod by K. O. Bardon,
A. Vella.

Basket-work, brooms, mats, &c., made in the |
Civil Prison and Lunatic Asylum in Malta,
exhibited by F. Carvana, L, Zammit.

Works in leather and in wax, including
specimens of tanned leather, exhibited by Mrs,
qe Barbato, Miss Il’. Barbera, G. Ferreri, G.
Meli, 8. Axisa, |

Candles and soap, exhibited by G. Coppini, |
. Bartoli, C. Rizos, V. Cosareo, |

Bookbinding and specimens of typography, |
exhibited by I. Cortis, C, Maistre, A. Aquilino |
& Co., O. Debono,

463
Cigars and cigarettes, with specimens of

Vella, E, V. Farrugia, P. Bonello, G, Grech,

Franklin, G. Camilleri, G. H. Palis & Co.,

Turnbull jun., & Somerville, Schembri &

Navarro, C. Colombos, F. Nimi, V. Marrick &

si §. Zicalacki, V. Giacomotto, P. Albanese,
. Vella.

Models of loom and tcols for the manufacture
of sailcloth, exhibited by C, Abela.

Cotton for sailcloths, cotton stuffs, mule
clotis, and hosiery. exhibited by ©. Abela,
Ellul Bros, F. Camilleri, L. Sierri Bros., Zam-
mit Bros, <A. Ciuppara, Mary Bugeja, C.
Farrugia, E. Naudi, G. Tanti, Sisters of the
Good Shepherd, Lunatic Asylum, Captsin
Strickland's Spinning Schools, F, Micalley.

Maltese ace, balla lace, point lace,
exhibited by F. Psaila, A. Gauci, R. Vella, G.
Camilleri, Mary Bugeja, 8. Pace, Miss E.
Mifend, I, Debono, G. Gerada, G. Dorg, Sisters
of the Good Shepherd, P. Attard, M, Nemeli,
G, Massa, and others.

Embroidery in gold, silk. wool, and on cotton
and linen, exhibited by Dr. D. G. Borg, M.
Barbato, V. Sammut, Sisters of the Good Shep-
herd, and others.

Tapestry, exhibited by F. Deloli, V. Azopardi,
S. Naudi, L. Palmieri, V. Sammut.

Sacred and secular music, exhibited by R.
Bugeja, G. F. de Luna, Dr. P. Nani, L.
Farrugia, G, Spiteri, 8, Pizzuto, and others,

(For List of Pictures from Maltu shown in Gallery of Royal Albert Hall, see p. civ.)

( 464 )

CYPRUS.

Situation.—Cyprus ia the most easterly island in the Mediterranean, and with the exception
of Sicily and Sardinia it is the lorgest in that sea, It is only 45 miles distant from Cape
Enamour, the nearest point of Asia Minor, and 60 miles from Latikieh, the nearest point of
Syria. Its chief port, Larnaca, is 250 miles from Port Said and 800 miles from Alexandria,

Extent.—The Island is 145 miles long, and the breadth of the main body of the Island
is about 50 miles, Its superificies of arable land has been estimated as 2,500,000 acres, of which
only about a tenth part is yearly under culture,

Formation.—In general terms the Island may be described as formed of two mountainous
ranges, one to the north and the other to the south, with an extensive plain of great fertility
between them. On the southern range of mountains the most elevated peaks are—Troodos,
6590 ft.; Adelphi, 5880 ft.; and Machera, 4730 ft. ; and the highest peaks on the northern
yange are Saint Hilarion, 3340 ft; Buffaventa, 3240 ft.; and Mount Elias, 2810 ft.

Olimate.—The climate is not in general insalubrious, but the heat in summer is considerable.f
On the hottest day in 1884 the thermometer marked a maximum heat varying from 95° to 108°
Fahrenheit in different parts of the Island on the sea level. The temperature in winter isi
modorate. On the coldest day in 1884 the thermometer indicated from 21° to 40° in different
parts of the Island on the sea level. So salubrious and invigorating is the climate on the moroff
elovated plateaux that several regiments of British soldiers sent there last year from Suakim ina
very enfecbled condition were restored to perfect vigour after a few weeks’ residence on tl
Troodos range of mountains.

Rivers.—The Island possosses no rivers of importance, and little of the water of the winte
torrents reavhes the sea, being absorbed on its course by the thirsty soil.

Rainfall.—The rainfall in the Island is extremely low, ranging in a good year from 16 to 21
inches during the winter months.

Harbours.—Neither is there any safe or commodious harbour in the Island. The works o
the ancient harbour of Famagousta are in a fair degree of preservation; but the harbour itself,
covering a space of about 80 square acres, is so filled with siltings that it is now only availabl
for vessels of 100 to 150 tons burden. It is at present proposed to make a port at Kyrenia on th
north side of the Island.

History.—Cyprus is referred to in the Book of Genesis (x. 4) under the name of “ Kittim,
and we are there informed that its inhabitants belonged to the Aryan family of nations, desceng
dants of Japheth.

It was conquered by Thothmes III. of Egypt about p.c. 1600, but on the decline of tho
Egyptian dynasty regained its independence a few centuries later. About n.c. 725 the Islan
became subject to Assyria, and history informs us that it was then divided into nine kingdoms
Its allegiance was transferred to the Persian successors of the Assyrian kings. About B.C. 56
the Island was again made subject to Egypt under Amasis. About nc. 521 the Cypriot
espoused the ceuse of Cambyses, King of Persia, and assisted him in his successful invasion off
Egypt. From tiat time till Persia was conquered by Alexander the Great, the Island continu
to form part of the fifth division of the Persian Empire. In z.c. 310 Cyprus was attached to thay
Ptolemaic kingdom of Egypt, and remained so connected until it was annexed to the Roma
Empire in 3.c. 57. Thus at the time of Our Lord Cyprus formed part of the Roman Empire. |
was the birthplace of Barnabas the Apostle, and was visited by him and St. Paul in the earl

days of the Christian Church.

When the Roman Empire became divided into the Empires of the West, with Rome as i
capital, and of the East, with Constantinople as its capital, Cyprus was connected with the Empi
of the East or Byzantine Empire.

In a.v. 1191 Richard Cour de Lion, King of England, when on his way to the Holy Lai
conquered the Island of Cyprus. The nuptials of the English King with Borengaria of Na

Cyprus. 465

eeneethedemeeemtanem eee ————

sanssssidishniaiesemeasnilibgesiesnaditibdanibniaes mance ssieatitinidedi =
were celebrated at Limasal in Cyprus, on the 12th of May, 1191, the Archbishop of York there
placing the crown of England on the head of the Princess.

Impatient to proceed to the Holy Land, Richard Coour de Lion sold the Island to the Knights
Templars for 100,000 hesants d’or, a sum whose relative valuo in our day has been calculated to
be £320,000, The Knights 'emplars were, however, unable to keep the Island in subjection,
and after a few years’ possession they requested Richard to take it back. This the English
monarch did, and gave it to Guy de Luzignan, a French Crusader, who had assisted him in tho
conquest of the Island. Cyprus was ruled by Guy de Luzignan and his descendants until
A.D, 1489, when Catherine Cornaro, the widow of Jacques LI.,"the last of the Luzignan kings,
abdicated the throne of Cyprus in favour of the Venetian Republic, The city of Famagousta had
been wrested from the Luzignan King Pierre IL, in a.p, 1876, by the Genoese, and remained a
colony of that commercial republic until a.p, 1264, when it was reconquered by Jacques II.

In A.D. 1571, in the reign of Sultan Selim IL, Cyprus was conquered by the ‘Turks, and
romaine! part of the Ottoman Empire from that time.

In 1877 the Island was ceded by Sultan Abdul Hamid to Queen Victoria, in consideration of
an annual payment equivalent to the surplus revenues which it had yielded to the Ottoman
\reasury in tho preceding five years.

Iu virtue of this cession Cyprus is now administered as a British Colony,

Population—In ancient times the Island of Cyprus is reputed to have had a population
of 8,000,000 of souls. In the reigns of the Roman Emperors Cesar Augustus and Vespasian, the
sland suffered greatly from earthquakes, and from about that period its prosperity and population
began to decline, In the fourth century of our era Cyprus was afflicted by drought during

venteen consecutive years, and became nearly depopulated. In the seventh and eight centuries
the Island was repeatedly devastated by Arab invasions under the Caliphs,

After the conquest by the Turks in 1571, the population of Cyprus is said to have fallen to
0,000 souls. The greater tolerance, which began to characterise the Ottoman administration
ander Sultan Mahmomd improved tho lot of the Cypriotes, and since then the population has
teadily increased, At a census taken in 1881, it was ascertained that the present population of
he Island amounts to 186,178, thus sub-divided :—-

137,631 of the Greek religion.
45,458 Mahommedans,
3,08 various religions,

Products.—The fertility of the soil was proverbial in ancient times, In the rich plain of the
essoria the yield in a good year reaches 40 bushels of barley or 25 bushels of wheat per acre,
‘ithout other manuring than the fertilizing deposits left by the winter torrents.

The products are very varied, of which tho most important are grain of all kinds, sesame,
inseed, wine, sik, madder roots, locust beans (caroubs), and cotton.

Grain.—Of wheats and barley the finest are known as those of Lefea. They weigh about
2 lbs. per bushel for wheat, and 47 lbs. per bushel for barley. The ordinary qualities weigh
m 56 to 58 Ibs. per bushel for wheat, and 43 to 45 Ibs, per bushel for barley. The wheats of
yprus are all hard wheats, and in general small in grain. ‘Their yalue is depreciated in foreign
arkets from the defective system of threshing them out. That system is the same which was
lowed in patriarchal times, The grain, when brought from the fields, is spread about six
ches deep on the threshing floor, which is simply a level piece of hard ground. A flat board of
ood, into the lower surface of which small pieces of flint are inserted, is drawn over the grain by
orses or bullocks during several days, the grain being turned dail y. This process of trituration
t only separates the grain from the ears, but reduces the straw to broken sections. In the
vcess, however, small stones detach themsclves from the surface of the threshing floor and mix
ith the grain, Being about the same in size and weight as the grain, no ordinary farmers can
arate them, and the presence of these small stones depreciates the grain for the use of millers
me years ago an engineering firm in England (Messrs. Brown & May) constructed a threshing
d cutting machine, intended not only to sepurate the grain from the ears, but also to tear up the

Win a manner similar to that effected by the native system. It seemed to promise most
Yourable results, but its working was defective. The perfecting of such a machine would
nfer a great boon upon agriculturists, not only in Cyprus, but also in Asia Minor and Syria,

2H

466 Cyprus.

where the same imperfecv uystem of threshing is followed. The subject is deserving the attenti
of machinists in England, as the sale of a really satisfactory machine might be large both #
Cyprus and Asia Minor.

Seeds.—The sesame and linseed grown in Cyprus are both of good quality, the linseed being
considered equal to that of Bombay.

Wine.—Tho grapes are of exceptionally good quality, and very moderate in price. The
culturo is yearly increasing, and more care is being devoted to the preparation of the wing ;
produced, Until recent years the wines were all prepared in jars, which, to make them resi
during the process of fermentation, were besmeared with tar. This communicated a disagreeab
taste to the wines, but wooden casks are now being extensively used instead of besmeared ja
and the wines are thereby made more marketable. A great variety of qualities are exhibited #
the tasting bar of the Cyprus Court, to which the attention of wine merchants is especiallff
invited. ‘The Cyprus common wines are reported to be rich in colour and full in body, qualitig
which, combined with cheapness, render them especially useful for mixing. The wines know
as Commanderia have always enjoyed a high reputation on the Continent. They are mo
strengthening and sweet in flavour.

The export of wine in 1884 was about 1,500,000 gallons, of which fully two-thirds went
Egypt and Turkey.

Silks.—The silks of Cyprus are remarkable for their strength. Those of Paphos
superior in this quality to all the silks of the Mediterranean and Asia Minor, and for many yeaff'
have been specially used in France in the making of gold and silver laces. The cocoons are le
pointed than elsewhere, which greatly facilitates their reeling. Six pounds weight of coco
will yield one pound of silk thread. The industry has suffered greatly from the disease whiff
attacked some years ago all the silkworms of the Levant; but there are indications that tl
disease is diminishing in virulence, and hope that this industry, so profitable, especially to th
women of the island, may again be of importance.

The attention of English manufacturers of gold and silver lace, and of all objects wh@
great strength in the silk employed is required, is especially invited to the samples submitted §
silk cocoons, of silk thread, and manufactured silks. ;

Madder Roota.—The culture of this root was, up to 1873, very considerable, and of gre
profit to agriculturists. It was largely used in the dyeiug of Turkey red yarns, which, indee
probably got their name from this root being first imported into England from Cypras am
Smyrna. ‘The discovery of extracting similar coloured dyes from mincrals has seriously decreas
the demand for madder roots during the past thirteen years; but it is beginning to be fou
that, although less expensive, these mineral dyes are greatly inferior in fastness to thot
produced from madder roots, and the latter are being more sought after. Should this impro
ment in the demand continue, the culture may be expected to resume its former importance.

Locust Beans.—This article is the fruit of the caroub tree. Its production has greai
inercased in recent years, stimulated by an increasing demand, especially for England. It
largely used in the manufacture of food for cattle, and a variety of other purposes. The
contains a large quantity of saccharine matter, and is consequently very nutritious. Low freiglf
have also much encouraged the trade in the article, enabling shippers to sell it at moderate pric
The caroubs of Limassol and Lefcara are the finest in quality, and obtain relatively higher pri
than those of Kyrenia.

The exports of caroubs from the island in 1884 amounted to 80,000 tons, of which about
half came to England.

Cotton—The cotton produced in the island is of good colour and strong, but rather shor!
fibre. During the civil war in the United States of America, seeds from shat country vam
introduced and succeeded perfectly. Some of their produce was classed as nearly middigl
Orleans in quality, but these foreign seeds have deteriorated, and require to be renewed.

In 1884 the export of cotton amounted to 1,400,000 lbs.

Fruits.—In fruits, the produce of the island is very varied, and of good quality. We hi
already referred to grapes, Pomegranates are exceptionally fine in quality, and the export mm
considerable to Egypt. Figs are abundant, but inferior to those of Smyrna, Oranges 4
lemons are abundant, and of excellent quality. Apricots are exceptionally geod, Maj
cherries and almouls may algo be specially mentioned.

Cyprus. 467

Minerals.—-Cyprus in ancient times was celebrated for its copper and silver mines, and
heir sites are indicated by extensive mounds of scoriae, Asbestos is first mentioned in con-
ection with Cyprus, where dresses for the priests of Paphos were made of that mineral, and
hid to have been cleaned by being passed through fire. Samples of copper, coal, and
sbestos will be found amongst the exhibits.

Drawbacks to Agriculture.—The two great drawbacks to the agricultural prosperity of the
Bland have been drought and locusts; but, thanks to active measures adopted by the British
dministration in recent years, both of these impediments are in the fair way of removal.

Drought.—Under former administrations, the diminution of forests in the island from the
vages of goats and a wasteful destruction of trees for the extraction of pitch, was permitted

Han alarming extent, and vast tracts which possessed rich wooding a century ago have
ecome absolutely destitute of trees. To this circumstance the insufficiency in rainfal! may be
giely attributed. The British Administration of the island five years ago adopted stringent
Measures to prevent these evils, and is in process of forming the forests into blocks, which will
e protected seriatim, during such time as is required for the growth of the young trecs to
certain height. The most favourable results of this system are already apparent, and in a few
gears it may certainly be expected that the wooding in the island will be quadrupled.

Locusts.—For many centuries the island has suffered severely from the scourge of locusts.
nder the enlightened administration of His Excellency Said Pasha, they were nearly extir-
ated in 1870; but immediately previous to and for the first two years of the British occupation,
othing was done to keep in check the natural increase of this plague. When it is said that

usts multiply annually in the ratio of eighty from one, it may easily be imagine! the disastrous
sults of this neglect during a period of five or six years. During the past four years, however,
hergetic measures have been taken by the island administration, and after untiring efforts,
though at a cost of £67,000, it may again be said that the locusts are so greatly reduced in
mber that they present no longer a serious menace to agriculture. The systems adopted in
heir destruction were similar to those pursued in 1870, namely, the destruction of the eggs,
d capturing the locusts while on the march by an ingenious device invented by the Chev.
ichard Mattei, C.M.G., a large landed proprietor in the island. This last ingenious device is
lly explained in a report of Mr. Samuel Brown, M.L.C., C.E., Director of Public Works in
¢ island, and in his printed pamphlet sold in the Exhibition. Specimens of the cloths and traps
fed are also exhibited in the Cyprus Court of this Exhibition. F:om the measures adopted
t the removal of the two great impediments from which agriculture has suffered in the
st, viz., drought and locusts, a great increase in the productive wealth of the island may be
rely predicted.

Administration —The Island of Cyprus is administered, under the Colonial Office, by a High.
mmissioner, assisted by a Legislative Council “composed of 18 members, 6 of whom are
blice officers appointed by the Crown, and 12 are elected by the people. Of the 12 elective
embers, 3 are elected by the Mahometans and 9 by the non-Mahometan inhabitants, theso
imbers being based on the respective numbers of Mahometans and non-Mahometans as
vealed by the census taken in 1881.”

f Revenue and Expenditure.—The following is a summary of the Revenue and Expenditure
compiled from papers submitted to Parliament :—

1882-83. | 1883-84. | 1884-85,

| 1879-80. 1880-81. | 1881-82.

os _——

£ £ £ £ £ £
bvenue . . . | 151,861 } 156,089 | 163,732 | 189,334 | 194,051 | 172,072
kpenditure (exclusive
oe Revenues top} 115,165 | 119,417 | 157,672 | 120,635 | 111,685 | 112,085
le Porte . : :

The “mean” revenue for the above-mentioned six years was £171,189, and the “mean”
penditure during thé same period was £122,776. The present expenditure is however about
000 less than the “mean” of the past six years, whereas the revenues appear to be fully
tal to the “mean” of the past six years.

468 Cyprus.

Surplus Revenue-—Under the terms of the Convention of the 4th of June, 1878, between
Her Britannic Majesty and His Imperial Majesty the Sultan, in reference to Cyprus, it was
agreed that the amount of the average surplus revenue, after deduction of expenditure, which
was received from Cyprus by the Ottoman ‘Treasury durivg the five years preceding the British
occupation of the Island was to be paid annually to the Sublime Porte by the British Govern.
ment. This average surplus revenue was ascertained to amount to Piastres 11,121,952, but their
equivalent in sterling does not appear to have been yet established between the two Governments,
The equivalent has however been estimated to represent in sterling £87,890.

By a subsequent agreement the British Government consented to pay a further sum of £5000
per annum to His Imperial Majesty the Sultan in consideration of the abandonment of certain
Crown lands,

Consequently the Treasury of the Island of Cyprus is burdened annually with a payment
due to the Sublime Porte which is estimated to represent £92,800. To face this payment the
average annual excess of revenue over expenditure during the past six years has only amounted
to about £50,000, and the difference has to be made good by the British Government. There is,
however, a fair prospect of the excess of revenue over expenditure more nearly approximating in
the future the monetary obligations to the Sublime Porte.

Trade,—The following is a resumé of the total of Imports and Exports during the past six
years :—

_—_—————————

—_—_—_— | SS | |

Imports (exclusive of
Specie) :

Exports (exclusive o
Specie)

177,651 | 308,407 | 272,663 | 296,868 | 336,512 | 344,183 | 304,375
| 157,828 | 222,218 | 210,060 | 266,610 | 276,129 | 290,210 | 287,521

Together . | 334,979 | 530,625

— | —_——_— -- —__—-- | ——_- —_— . +] —.

482,728 | 563,478 | 612,641 | 634,893 | 591,896

Of the import trade about 30 per cent. is made direct with the United Kingdom, but there
is besides a large indirect import trade in British goods through ‘Turkey. Of the export trad
about 25 per cent, is with the United Kingdom, and the proportion is steadily increasing.

(As the various exhibits had not arrived at the time of going to press, a detailed description must
reserved for a future edition, ]

Lentil.
Millet.
SECTION I. Cumin.
Ideh.
Propvucts, Colocyr th,
Wheat. Capers.
Barley. Vezetable seeds.
Oats. Canes.
Native ground flours. Reeds.
Native ground Wheat. Madder root and seeds.
Native ground Barley. Pean root.
Native ground Oat. Coiton—in pod, rough w ginned, giuned,
Chopped Straw. Wool.
Vetches, Flax.
Linseed. Hemp.
Sesame. Olives and Olive oil.
Sumac. Curoubs.
Aniseed, Salt.—Specimens from Larnaca, Limassol
Maho. Agamas—salt from pine bark,
Maize. Tobacco.— Korno and Omodhos—leaf, ¢

Lourana,. cigarettes.

Oyprus.

Starch.
Beeswax.
Vinegar,
Ada Tehaz (wild tea).
Mustard.
“Tchumek atoii” (black seed).
Beans dried, several sorts—peas.
Dried fruits—Raisins, dried apricots, figs,
dates (dried museat grape),
Almond Nuts.
Walnuts.
Chestnuts.
Filberts and others.
Ground nuts.
Honey.
Treacle from caroub.
Sweets from caroub juice.
Syrops, Violet, Rose Myrtle.
Native preserves.
Sujuki (almond, walnut, grape juice and
flour).
Hulva.
Biscuits.
Macaroni.
Vermicelli.
Other pastes.
Tarkhana.
Bulgur.
Native cheeses.
Mineral craters.

SECTION II.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

Native plough (two specimens — that in
ordinary use for cereals, and that for cotton).
Bullock cart with yoke—(two specimens—old
one with wooden Writers wheels, and the
improved pattern with European

Threshing board.

Forks, iron and wooden.

Shovels, iron and wooden.

Scythe ?

Reaping-hooks.

Ox goud.

Rod for cleaning plough-share.

Native hand ficur-mill.

Model of an oil squeezing mill.

Beehives and implements.

Locust destruction. — Large-sized model,
shewing field operations. Screw with pits, &c.,
full size,

SECTION III.
MANUFACTURES,
Silk.

Specimens of moth, worm, eggs, cocoons
specimens of wound silk.

Furnace, winding machine, and other appa-
tus used in the preparation of silk for weaving.
Silk loom.

Specimens of manufactured silk, silk embroi-
ery, sitk fringes,

469
Cotton.
Specimens. See See. I.
Apparatus for spinning yarn.
Native bow for ginning cotton.'
Cotton-loom.
Specimens of manufactured cotton. Lefkara

embroidery.
Flax.—Manufactures and apparatus.
Hemp.—Manufactures and apparatus.
Wool.—Manufactures.
Blankets from Plyti.
Cummerbunds from Plyti.
Sheep skin.
Goat skin.
Dried skins,
Material woven from goat’s hair.
Leather and boot trade.
Specimens of leather.
‘ ener manufactures—about 12 specimens of
oots.
Copper.—Specimens of native manufacture.
Silver.—Specimens of native manufacture,
‘Tin.—Specimens of native manufacture,
Tron.—Native horse-shoe, nails, &c.
Pottery.
Native delf.
Native bricks and tiles.
Lapithos chairs.
Soap,

SECTION IV.

WINE CULTURE, AND WINE AND Spirit
MANUFACTURE.

Samples of the various wines and spirits.

Samples of Black wine, Mavro.

Samples of Comimanderia.

Samples of Red (White) wine.

Samples of Mastic.

Samples of Native Gin.

Specimens of vessels in whicli Wines and
Spirits are kept—Skins.—Barrels used in the
transport of Wine.

Model of a Wine-press,

Model of a Spirit-still,

SECTION V.
HisdING AND MARINE Propvcts.

Specimens of Fishes?

Specimens of Sponges.

Description or Spevimens of Nets and Appa-
ratus used in the taking of Sponges and Fishes.

SECTION VI.
MINERALS AND EARTuS.

Specimens of various Stones used in Building.
Specimens of Gypsum.

Specimens of Native Marbles for Paving.
Terra Umbra and Ochres.

Copper Ores.—-10 specimens.

Asbestos.

Various Earths and Clays,

470 Cyprus.

SECTION VII.
Woops AND Forest Propvocts,

Sections of Trees.—10 specimens.

Specimens of Forest Trees and Plants,
mounted.

Specimens of Myrtle Wheelrope.

Specimens of Native ‘Trough.

Tar.

Resin,

Pitch,

Labdanum,

Trimithia.

Other Gums,

Charcoal.

Woodman’s Axe,

SECTION VIII.

FLorA AND FAuNA or ISLAND.
A few Stuffed Specimens of Animals, Birds,
C.
Moufflon Skins.
Butterflies and Moths.
Insects and Reptiles in Spirits.
Specimens of Fiowers of the Island, mounted.
SECTION IX,
ILLUSTRATING THE CONDITION OF THE PEOPLE.

Dresses of natives on dummy figures. Six
specimens,

Wallet of peasant.

Leather tinder and flint bag.

Native saddles—horse, mule, camel, donkey,
Model of a native house,

Domestic utensils.
Gourds.

Bran ewers, &c.
Baskets.

Mangals and braziers.
Nargbileh and smoking tubes—Chibook,
Brooms.

Shepherd’s crook, |
Musical instruments,

Scented waters.

Dried fish, Hams,

)

SECTION X.
Mars, Dracrams, &c.

Full-sized Map of Cyprus, recent survey, —

mounted on Rollers, one piece.

Diagrams exhibiting the Census.
Geological Map. Gaudry.
Diagrams showing areas under different culti-

vation.

Tables of yield of different crops.

Wages Table.

Tables of Cost of living.

Prices of various Commodities.

Books and Works connected with the Island,
Official Reports.

Pictures and Photographs,

( 471 )

THE FALKLAND ISLANDS.

Tun Falkland Islands, consisting of the East and West Falkland and about 100 other small
islands, are situated in the South Atlantic Ocean, between 51° and 53° south latitude and between
57° and 62° west longitude. Mount Adam, the highest ground in the Colony, rises 2,315 feet
above the level of the sea.

These islands were discovered by Davis, in 1592, and visited by Hawkins in 1594. In 1763
they were taken possession of by France ; subsequently they were held by the Spaniards until
1771, when they were for a time given up to Great Britain. In 1820 the Republic of Buenos
Ayres established a settlement in these islands which was destroyed by the Americans in 1831.
In 1833 they were taken possession of by the British Government for the protection of the whale
fishery, and colonized, and from that time to the present so continued, being as a whole the most
southerly organized of the colonies of the British empire.

The climate is healthy and temperature equable, the thermometer ranging from 30° to 50° in
winter, and from 40° to 65° in summer, during which season the atmosphere is remarkably dry
and the evaporation rapid. The winds rise at about 10 a.m. and fall away again between 4 and
5 pat, during middle day often amounting to a gale. The soil is chiefly peat, but near the
surface where the clay is of a lighter quality and mixed with vegetable remains, it is good soil
fit for cultivation. Stone of two or three kinds suitable for building is found in different parts
of the islands.

Rabbits, snipe, geese, wild duck, dotterel, teal, hares, wild cattle, horses and pigs, are to be
found here in large quantities, the tussac grass, which grows to a height of 7 feet, with a breadth
of # inch, being very fattening for cattle. Sheep have been introduced and found to do well, the
wool being of an excellent quality, realizing a high price in London markets, The exports
consist of wool, hides, horns, hoofs, bones, and tallow.

The Govermnent is administered by a governor, aided by an exccutive and legislative
council, the members of both councils being appointed by the Crown.

The tonnage of vessels entered in 1884 was 33,086, including men-of-war and steamers.

The Statesmen’s Year Book gives :—

Revenue, 1884 , . . . . . ° ° r r ° £9,188
Expenditure, 1 88+ e e e . e . e ® a * £7,808

The Board of Trade returns, 188+, give the following figures :—

Area . . . . ‘ “ . : : . . sq. miles 6,500
Population a ‘ ‘ : F : F ‘ F . » 1,553
Imports, total . . . ’ ; . . ’ . . - £67,848

Imports from British Isles. : . . ‘ . . ; - £60,962
Exports, total =. . ; ‘ . . . . : . . £101,338
Exports to British Isles : , . ; : * . : - £98,468

The exhibit consists of :— 4
Sundry Samples of Wool.
Tussac Grass.
Sheep Skins, with very long wool.
Two Penquins.
T'wo or three Rams’ Heads, with long curling horns.

Model of a Yacht.

Mounted Photograph of Stanley, the seat of Government.
Couple of Seal Skins.

Tallow Samples.

472 Advertisements.
= :

GC. C. DASS & 60., (EXHIBIT -

SOLAR HAT MANUFACTURERS,
73 & 74, RADHA BAZAR ST., CALCUTTA.

(EXHIBIT 34.)

, REGISTER

ED. “
AGENTS—
THOMAS TOWNSEND & CO., AGENTS FOR SOLAR HATS OF

16 & 18, LIME STREET, LONDON, E.c.| C. C. DASS & Co., Calcutta.

HAT’ AND REGISTERED HELMET
MANUFACTURERS.

( 473 )

INDEX TO ADVERTISERS.

PAGE

Adams & Co. . 89
Alexandria Cigarette Co. 5 ‘Limited | 31, 100,
159, 184, 308

Allcock, 8., & Co.. » . 497
Allt Bros. & Co. . 180, 221

Allsopp, 8., & Sons » + « « 685
Ashford & Brooks on ate » « I6l

Anglo-American Tin Stamping Co. 511
Anglo-Continental Guano Works 515
Baldwin & Walker 529
Barber & Co. . lxiv
Bartlett, R. H.. . . 440
Barton & Co. . 21, 37, 50, 133, 168, 196, 212,

254, 306, 332
Barnett & Foster . 513
Beit & Co... 404

Bennett, Sir John... 22, 29, 36, 89, 43, 127,
167, 194, 202, 210, 260, 263, 277, 281,

282, 285, 300, 304, 318, 319, 333, 349,

| 852, 356, 373, 389, 597, 439, 441, 454
Bentley, Richard, & Son . » « « 528

Bernays, Mr. Josep, ( C.K. . 498
Biggs, F. J. s 6 « « 283
Birch & Gaydon . . ii
Blackman Air Propeller Ventilating
Company, Limited . . 23, 188, 331
Blake, John vio -& 492
Blanch, John, & Son . 270

Bland, "Thomas, & Sons se ow ue oe BED

Boehm, Gustav ; 510
Bontor, Thomas, & Co. 493
Bradford, Thomas, & Co. . 479
Britannia Company . . 104
Britannia Rubber and Kamptulicon Co. 498
“British Australasian,” The . . 156, 157

“ British and Foreign Confectioner ” . 499

“British Trade Journal, ” The 41, 284
Broughton Copper Co., Limited . 503
Brown, Wilhain, & Co... . 226
Burgon & Ball. ‘ . 203
Burgoyne’ s Australian Wines 200, 219, 220,

222, 241, 242
Cameron, Jolin. oe ses ~ 230
Cartland, James, & Son... _ 516

Chartered Bank of ae Australia, and

China... 538
Churchill, Charles, & Co. . 516
Christy, Thomas, & Co. 52, 320

19, 42, 49, 141, 166, 216,
278, 315, 363, 432

Clarke, Samuel

Clowes, William, & Sens, Limited . 508, 509
Coalbrook Dale Castings . . 525
Crossley, C. W., & Co. 33, 314

Crosthwaite, R. We Ge ae ag: te OE

PAGE

Dakin. ©0090! 6s sy. ae at o> ce BSF
Dass,C.0.,&Co.. . . . . 472
Day, Chas., & Co. . : , 28, 274, 303
ie see Moore,& Co. . . . « « 498

Dewhurst, John, & Sons. . . . . 582
Dickinson, John, & Co., Limited . . 208
Donald Currie & Co. . . ee he) 6298
Donne, T.8.,&Sons. . . . . . 887
“ Echo, ‘» The ek oa . 154
EK dgington, Benjamin, Limited 26, 847
Edison and Swan United oo Light

Co . 526
Kdwards a 495
Electrical Engineering and Submarine

Telegraphy, School of . . 20, 109, 158
Eno’s Fruit Salt .- « . SB2t
‘“* Everclean” Collar and Cutt Co. . .. evi
Ewart & Son . ease oe 88
Fleming & Ferguson . rr: Y7.)

Ford, R,, & Co. ; SED ay oe a? OBL

Foster, M. B., & Sons . 34, 171
Freeman, Richard . Sta we Wicd 496
Frodsham, G. E.,& Co. . . . . lvi, 147
F rodsham. Chas., & Co. 178

18, 113, 192, 209, 280, 307
881, 422
Gainsford & Co. . . . . we 94

Frowde, Henry.

Galloway & Sons .. 406
Garrett, Richard, & Sons . 476
Gibb & } McIntyre . 497

Glen, John. . . . . . . he”SC«O@
Greener, W. W.. welt See
Hadticld’s Steel Foundry Co. : 8
Harrison, F, J., & Co,, Ld. 82, 168, 237, 276

Harrison’s Patent Knitting Machine Co. 292
Hartley, J. E. . ie re 515
Hathorn, Davey, & Co. as » « $12
Hayward, Livery Button Manufacturer 498
Hayward. Tyler & Co. 494, 503

Henley’s, W. T., Telegraph Works Co. . 525
Hewetson’s Ceylon Tea fe Romney . . 330
Hindley, E. 8. ; » . 500
Hobbs Hart & Co. . eee ‘
Hodge. & Co, -. «1°. “« «© « « +. 880
Holland & Holland . .). ) .) .) 80,485

Holman, Michell & Co. 475
Molman, Stephen... : 478
“Home and Colonial Mail” . 499
Hongkong and Shanghai Resp.
Corporation. . . » « + 800
Hooper & Co. . . Cover
Hornsby, R., & Sons, Limited . aG: 273, 299
Howard Porquet, Floor Coverings . 44, 1 262

21

474

Index to Advertisers.

PAGE

Howard & Sons . 35, 169, 198, 214, 279, 316,
848, 388, 405

Hudswell, Clarke, & Co... . . 602
Humphreys, J. C.. ‘119, 252, 462

India Rubber and Kamptulicon on 498
International Fur Store (TI. 8. Jay,
Manager) . . . Back of plan
Isler, C., & Co... , . . S17
James’ Dome Black Lead rr) 2)
Jay, Messrs. . parse Cover
Jeftrey & Co, et eek wee 27, 160
Jeffries, Lincoln . soe lel] «6488
Jennens, J. C., & Son . 504
Johnson, W. 529

Johnston's Beet Flour te cw’ Cae 40
Johnston’s Fluid Beet ~ « « 256
Johnston, W.& ALK. . . YD
Jones, Dr. Geo. H. . . . . . | BL2
Jordan, T. B., Son, & Commans., . . 89
Judson, Daniel, & Son, Limited. . . 47
Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co.
Kilner Brothers ‘ nt ee Ven Oe
Kinahan’s Whisky . . . . . « 90
Kimpton,H. . . . . . :
Lachenal & Co.
Langdale, E. Fo. 2. 2. 1. 1 ee
Le Grand & Suteliff . . 0...) 88, 258
Lee & Wigfull. 2. 2. 2. 1 we AUB
Lewis, G. “B. . ee. ten oth Sie
Lloyd, Attree, & Sinith
Macbrair, Osborn, & Co. .
Machinery & Hardware Co mapa, The. 505
McCracken, J. & R. : 3%
McEwan, James, & Co . +. . 172, 186
Melbourne “ Age,’ The...
Merryweather& Sons, . . . .
Mills, J. A... Soo ee gs er vee - 2010
Milton Smith & Co. Oy ee enews’ as Yer TOZO
Moline & Co. . sce we? ver oO ae
Moore, John, & Sons 6 Oe AS ae ewe 18LO
Morgan, John, & Co... 2 ww, li
Morton, Alex., & Thompsun. . . . , 500
Murray, Sir James, & Son
National Agricultural Hall, Kensington 533
Nelson Brothers, Limited . . . 283
Nicholls, I’. V., & Co. ; 123, 190

Osborn, Samuel, & Co. =. 25, 165, 301, 483
Owens, 8.,& Co. . . . . . . » «O10
Packard, E.,& Co. . . . . . . 866
Paillard & Co... . . 1. wwe 292
Parkinson & Frodsham . 24, 275

Patent Ivory Manufacturing Co., Limited 89
Patent Triangular Nail Co., Limited . 480

Pears’ Soap «we el . Cover
Phythian & Co. . 2. . : 370
Pickering, Jonathan’. . 1. we 489
Pickering, Joseph, & Sons. . 6. 528
Pollad, W.H. . . 2... 524
Pool, Porey J.& Coa. . 2. « . . 802
Price & Co... - 292
Price’s Patent Candle Co., Limited , » 204
Price, Sons, & Co... 2. . 7. wee CSB

PAGE

Priestman’s Dredgers and Excavators . 532
Redcliffe Crown Galvanized Iron Ov, 505
Ransome, A,, & Co. lxiv
Ransome’s, Sims, & Jefferies, ‘Limited 148
Rigby, John, & Co. . 527
Rimmel’s Perfumery . 387
Robey & Co. Shp sit hy ~' . 587
Rogerson, John, & Co. . . . 4518
Ross & Co. . vic av epee war oe O04
Ross & Duncan . 17, 155, 182, 272, 346
Roweliffe, J.B, & Co 2... BBL
Rudge & Co., Limited oe . 46
St. Pancras Lronwork Co... . 538
Salomon, A., & Co, 498
Salt & Co, 490)
Sampson & Co. . 582
Sampson Low, Marston, & Rivington 164
Sandyeroft ¥ ee and Engine Works

Co., Limited. . : . « 245
Schulze, Path a ao ee, ol4
Shand, Mason, & Co. . . O86
Sinclair, James. 531
Sinclair's Soap, . 523
Slark . ° 496
Smith, Archibald, & Steve ns. . 495
Smith, Vi ince nt. ea ec ode Mer TORE
Southall Bros. & Barelay es Ns 523
Spearman & Spearman 523
Special Jury W ae 499
Spink & Son. ‘ ii
Spong& Co... . 481
Steward, J. H.. . . 482
Stock, Elliot . 504
Strangers’ Home for Asiutica, &e. 45
Sutton & Sons . F(a tar eek 2, 264
Swaine & Adeney. .. . dit
Swears & Willes .. Cover
* Sydney Daily elegraph and Weekly

Tribune”, ; wee 2
“Sydney Mail,” The . . . dt
“Sydney Morning Her: id, » The . 154
Symons, John, & Co. ‘ 499
Tangyes, Limited. . g4 fi . 477
Taunton, John & Joseph ~ O15
Terry, Joseph, & Sons . 48

Thomas, ‘Thos., & Sons
Thresher & Glenny .

10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,

488

{ 427, 450
Tomey, Joseph, & Sons . o «© 6 «498
“Toronto Globe,” The . . . . . WT
Turner, EK. R. &. BF. - . « 491
Union Steamship Co., Limited . 2 . 298
Van Abbott, G., & Son oe tee ey ROT
Veasey, Thos, & Co. . 2 eee 496
Wicnres Ta 24. ae An. tw: a we 488
Waite, Nash, & Co. . . . . ee «COMT
Warne, William, & Co. 2. eee S07
Werner & Pfleiderer . 2 2 wwe 587
Whight, George, & Co. 2. 499
Whitfield, F.,& Co. . . . Front of Pia
Witt, George "Pawsey $0 bl ise 6

Yuceuto & Wolf . . se ee re

Advertisements. 475

STEPHEN HOLMAN,

15, GREAT GEORGE STREET, WESTMINSTER,
CONSULTING AND REPRESENTATIVE ENGINEER.

Patentee of Mydraulic Gas and Steam Specialities in |
Extensive Use.

PLANS, SPECIFICATIONS, AND ESTIMATES FOR WATER, GAS, SEWAGE,
AND OTHER WORKS.

HOLMAN, MICHELL & 00.,

ST. HELENS, LANCASHIRE,
LEAD REFINERS, MANUFACTURERS & MERCHANTS.

London Offices:
15, GREAT GEORGE STREET, WESTMINSTER.

CHEMICAL SHEET LEAD
and PLUMBERS’ SHEETS
of EXTRA WIDTH,

* AS SHEWN IN THE ACCOMPANYING ILLUSTRATION,

= ; Supplied to specification, at the current
= prices for ordinary widths of Sheet.

BEST SOLID DRAWN LEAD WATER PIPE,
OF THE SIZES & WEIGHTS IN GENERAL USE KEPT IN STOCK,

It will facilitate the despatch of orders by adopting and specifying the weight per yard, =
in accordance with our printed Lists.

LEAD BARRELLING,

From 2+ to 6 in. Diameter.
DIAN EXER= > KEPT READY for IMMEDIATE
eS DELIVER
3 Shipping Orders for ae quantities
can generally be despatched the day
following receipt cf instructions,

PATENT SOLID DRAWN BLOCK TIN-
LINED LEAD PIPE.

This Pipe consists of a continuous Tube of Pure Block Tin, of any determined
thickness, within a Tube of Lead. It possesses the flexibility of ordinary Tin and
Soft Metal Pipes, and is suited for conveying PURE Drinking Water, Acids, Spirits,
and other Liquids.

BEST WHITE METAL FOR BEARINGS.
INGOT TIN, ANTIMONY, SPELTER, SOLDER, aie
K

Advertisements,

476

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Melbourne: Collins Street West.

TANGYES LIMITED

Sydney: 119,

BIRMING

Cys yg) Mepreted pre ae of =
SMIOND OiGWwAa GMISNIONOO ree)

Advertisements.
Glasgow: Argyle Street.
Place de la Republique.

Paris:

‘BKOITYNICROO anv szz1g OST vEs0
ssokZuey Aq pjog pur ape OOO'ST 200
“PROM 2Yy} U! SeUBTWCD 494j}0 HUB ‘AsON}OD ‘diysweaIg ‘Sunjewuosy
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CORNWALL WORKS,

ndon;: 35, Queen Victoria St.,E.0, Manchester: Deansgate.

woastle: St, Nicholas Buildings.

DREDGING sPECIALTIES.

eeeeer end

- Tad ii:

tu on ETHERS rt — a _

CONSTRUCTORS OF SPECIALLY DESIGNED

Dredgers»:Canal Cuttin
AND WIDENING.

Patentees of most Improved Method of TRAVERSIN
BUCKET LADDER, enabling Dredgers to cut in advance
of hull, and excavate their own flotation.

PATENT HOPPER AND OVERSID
DISCHARGING DREDGERS,
To raise any quantity uv to 2.000 Tons per hour from 7 to 45 f

cs oN

SHIPBUILDERS AND ENGINEERS,
PAISLEY.

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Advertisements. 481

SPONG & CO., MANUFACTURERS,

226, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON, W.C.

“as. ie cc? : ©
tH fcgere = ED Oe le uu oe
is: MW, Th a ! . _T
, lh, * OL a <
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tO ‘ uu
=z i =
= sud
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(om Rit " (|
MINCING MACHINES, Price from £6 6s. to £21. MADER DOZ, INDIA RUBBER.
8/6, 106: CY a 42/- 98 MEDALS. Established 1856. Sumple Ball, in Box completr, 1/6.
f : - ay ee. :
CONTRACTORS

TO THE

AND

WAR OFFICE.

LIBERAL TERMS. Ga

Sf == ss THE SERVANT:

= Catalogue free by 1 Knife, 16/-. 3 Knives, including
Hea Carver, 21/-, 4 Knives, including

Post, containing 22 Curver, 87/6, Can be opened in ONE

NON, X. L. KNIFE CLEANER, from 2§/- Patents. SECOND. PATENTED.

Awarded Silver Medal, International Inventions Exhibition 1885,
AND NUMEROUS GOLD AND SILVER MEDALS AT OTHER EXHIBITIONS,

Dititejis te | Y FROM
25/-

IN PERMANENT BLACK OR ANY COLOUR.
PRINT YOUR OWN NOTICES, CIRCULARS, PRIGE LISTS, ETC., BY

TUCCATO’S PATENT [su72e,ccemcr

RYPOGRAPH.

5,000 Copies can be produced from one
Writing. Press not required. No
Transferring or Washing. PRINTS
DIRECT FROM THE ORIGINAL.
Upwards of 14,000 now in use. The
apparatus will last a lifetime. Sup-
plied largely to the Indian and other
Governments. Will stand any Climate.
Thousands now in use in INDIA,
pete AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND,
en ae : and other Colonies.

.Z. & W. are open to arrange for Agencies in several Colonies and districts of
all Colonies in which they are not yet officially represented.

a
PATENTEES and MANUFACTURERS—

ZUCCATO & WOLFF, 15, CuarterHouse St, Lonpon, E.C.

Hoty

[Peas

4 82 2 _ Adver lisements.

J. HH. STEWA RD,
Optician to the British, Indian, Colonial, & Foreign Governments

AND THE
NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATIONS OF ENGLAND, IRELAND,
INDIA, CANADA, & AMERICA, BY APPOINTMENT.

J. H. STEWARD’S

CELEBRATED

BINOCULAR FIELD, RACE, MARINE, fi rd
AND TOURIST GLASSES 7

Are uscd by most of the renowned Travellers,
Sportsmen, and Military Men throughout thu
World,

Tr'ces from £1:1:0 to £12:12:0.
CCLD and SILVER MEDALS AWARDED.

WATCH ANEROID BAROMETERS,

For Mountain Measurement and Foretelling |
Coming Weather,

iPrices from £1: 15: 0. THE CELEB?ATED*DUKE BINOCULAR.”

MAGIC LANTERNS

AND

Dissolving View Apparatus,
SLIDES, AND EFFEOTS,

Of the Highest Class,

GOLD & SILVER MEDALS AWARDED (1884+ 5)

For Optical and Mechanical excellence.

Sole Maker of the Registered

TRIPLE LANTERN,

The Luke Bi-unial Lanterns,
And the 3-Wick Paraffine

PHOTOGENIC LANTERNS.

TRIPLE LANTERNS,
Prices from £25 to £100, Prices—£38:10:0 to £10:10:0.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES JES gratis, post-free to all parts of the World,
406, 66, & 456, STRAND; 54, CORNHILL, LONDON.

Advertisements. 483

SS ae

ooo

CORPORATE & TRADE MARKS.

OSBORN

Cranes | ay} Ol2 2 MARTIN.

R.MUSHET’S TITANIC STEEL | TITANIC STEEL.

DAM" OSBORN 460

MANUFACTURERS OF STEEL BY THE

Cementation, Crucible, and Siemens’ Open-Hearth Processes.

Crucible Steel Spring Steel
For Lathe Tools, Milling Tools, Drills, ? FOR RAILWAYS & COACH BUILDERS.

Chieels, Punches, Snaps, Taps, Dies,
Shear Blades, Smiths’ Tools, &c. STEEL FORGINGS & SHEETS.

- Double & Single SHEAR STEEL} °™ "<== ORE

BLISTER STEEL. ee ae
Oe ae RUSSELL’S PATENT PORTABLE RAMPS
Minin = Steels ’ For Re-Railing Rolling Stock.

OCTAGON, ROUND, AND SQUARE.

ALL KINDS OF STEEL FOR SOLE MAKERS OF
+
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, ; 8» MUSHET’S SPECIAL STEEL
Plough Plates, Rake Teeth Steel. For ENGINEERS’ TOOLS.
The Steel which requires no hardening, and yet excels
OSBORN’S PATENT-DRAWN all other Steel for durability.

STEEL FiNGER BARS. ALSO SOLE MAKERS OF
Soe R. MUSHET'S TITANIC CAST STEELS
Steel Castings ’ For Engineers’ & Miners’ Toois, &c., &c .

OF EVERY KIND AND !!P TO 15 TONS EACH.

HAMMERS, REAPER SECTIONS, R. MUSHET'S
CHAFF KNIVES, CIRCULAR _ EXTRA BEST WELDING
AND OTHER Titanic Borer Steel

Saws and F iles. A very superior quality of Steel for Rock Drilling.

Clyde Steel and Iron Works, SHEFFIELD.

London—Resident Partner: Kenoid Pye-Smith, Victoria Mansions, Westminster.
Boston, U.S.: B. M. Jones & Co., Oliver Street; Montreal: J. B. Goode, St. Paui Street.
Sydney: MacBrair, Osborn & Oo., 249, Clarence Street.

484 Advertisements.

“STRONG ROOMS,

MAKERS BY SPECIAL DOORS,

ode
TO HER MAJESTY. ESN: A.D. MAY 13, 1876.

THE BANK OF ENGLAND and its Branches.

HOBBS HART & CO,,
76 & 77, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON.

H. H. & Co. invite ail Official Visitors, Merchants and Shippers from the Colonies or
India to. visit their Works, and inspect the Machinery invented to produce the specialities
of their Manufacture. The Factory premises i:1 London cover an area of 51,900 superficial
feet, and contain 180 Machines of special construction.

H. H. & Co. have had the honour of manufacturing for this Exhibition 900 Special
Locks, besides which, in the adjacent official buildings, there are in use 8860 Locks of
their construction, besides a large number of Fire-resisting Doors and Safes.

N.B.—During the last six years H. H. & Co, have supplied 5385 Safes for the
Indian eeeretmnent “as ney. be seen from their books.”

eS
=e
3
f- =
=a

=

300 GUINEAS EVE WW AFD

To any person who can pick their Lever Locks with the combined Protectors.

V.B.—Skilled Mechanics accepting the above offer are expected to master Kight Lever Locks as a qualification
(see Advertisements.)

HOBBS & CO.’S SERIES OF SUITES OF LOCKS

Are severally designed and recommended for Palaces (as made by H. H. & Co, for Windsor Cast e), Bai:ks, Mansions,
Hotels, Cottages, &c.; also for Asylums, Prisons, Museums, Kailways, Hospitals, and Cabinet Farniture,

HOBBS & CO.’s SERIES OF FIRE-RESISTING SAFES AND STRONG ROOMS

are severally designed and recommended for Accountants, Solicitors, Merchants and Bankers,

ca Coffer Safes for Branch Banks, Diamond and Bullion Merchants.

See H. H. & Co.’s Seventy-page Illustrated Catalogue of Desigas and System of
Construction.

HOBBS HART & CO.,

Department for Locks: 76, CHEAPSIDE, 5 Manufactoriont
‘ for Safes: 77, CHEAPSIDE, ! 5 ¢ ARLINGTON ST., N,

Advertisements. 485

An Extraordinary Weapon.

HOLLAND’S “PARADOX”
‘Double-barrelled Gun.

THE INVENTION OF COLONEL FOSBERY, V.C.

Shooting Shot like a perfect Gun and Conical Bullets up to 100 yards, with the accuracy
of an Express Rifle, made with Re-bounding Locks or Hammerless.

The following remarkable Diagrams made before the Editor of “ The Field,” April 12th, 1886 :—

Conical Bullets. ATT N HOT. Conical Bullets.
100 Yards. 10 Shots. P ER WITe. § 60 Yards. 10 Shots.

180 Aver wt
ee a Qe ~~ $e,

ae ar Paes
* °
- .« e
‘ .
any * es
.
. 0 © 6
ae
.
’
eye e
.
© és 8
e s

40 Yards. — —
Bull's-eye, 44 in. by 6! in. 3 drams, |} ounces No. 6 Shot. Bull’s-eye 3/ in. by I} in

Invaluable to Sportsmen in INDIA. With a 450 Express Rifle and a
“Paradox” Gun a manis fully-armed for Game from Snipe to Tiger.

Extract from a Letter from the Hon. H. 8. FINCH-HATTON :

“On the 3rd instant, I myself shot and tested your new ‘ Paradox’ Gun, with the following extraordinary
results :—4 shots at 50 yards and 4 at 100 yards, all 8 shots being clean inside a 3-inch Bull’s-eye. With 1¢th ounces
No. 6 Shot at 40 yards, a beautifully regular pattern, averaging 175 on the 30-inch circle was obtained. No
Sportsman need be told of the astonishment with which I witnessed the results recorded above, nor of the
inestimable value of such a weapon to those who follow sport in countries where large and small game are met
with in one day. It is in the interest of these latter that 1 give this record of my personal experience
of the ‘ Paradox’ Gun.”

Extract from a Letter fromd. TURNER-TURNER, Esq., April 11,1886:

“Having witnessed the shooting of your new ‘Paradox’ Gun, I am of opinion that it far excels anything
of the sort yet invented. Shots with conical ball, at 50 and 100 yards respectively, were within a 3 or 4-inch
bull’s-eye with great penetration, and the shooting with shot was all that one could wish.”

The above results were obtained from our NEW DOUBLE-BARRELLED
“ PARADOX” GUN, 12-BORE, having the same appearance and weight as
an ordinary 7lb. 12-Bore Shot Gun.

PRICES—C Quality, 25 to 30 Guineas; B Quality, 30 to 40
Guineas ; Best, 45 to 50 Guineas, according to finish.

HOLLAND & HOLLAND,

Gun and Rifle Makers,
98, NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W.

486

Adveriisements.

MIDLAND WORKS, KEIGHLEY, YORKSHIRE,
Engineers and Machine Tool Makers.
SPECIAL AND GENERAL TOOLS

FOR
Ship Builders; Marine, Locomotive, and General Engineers;
TEXTILE MACHINISTS, &c.

POOLEY & SON,

LIVERPOOL.
WEIGHING MACHINES

MACBRAIR,
OSBORN, &CO.,

Atlerchunts,

Railway, Commercial, and | 249, Clarence Street,

Mining Purposes.

AWARDS:
Sydney Exhibition, 1879.
Melbourne Exhibition, 1880

Hayward, Tyler & Co.
LONDON.
STEAM PUMPS,
Horizontal and
Vertical Engines, etc,

Contractors to
H. M. War Department, Ad-
miralty, etc. Crown Agents
for the Colonies, etc.

For further particulars, see pages
494 and 503.

SYDNEY,

N.S.W.
And at

MELBOURNE,
ADELAIDE,

BRISBANE,
Represent in Austra-
lasia the Firms men-
tioned in this and
the following page.

et or mead

London Office:
2, VICTORIA MANSIONS,

WESTMINSTER, 8.W.

ENGELBERT & C0.,
LUBRICANT

FOR
Cylinders and Valves,
ae A oad

haftin
High speed ‘Machinery,

SPECIALLY "SUITABLE
FOR HOT CLIMATES.

Buller, Jobson, & Co.

LIMITED,
LONDON,

BIRMINGHAM, &c.

China Door Furniture.
TELEGRAPH INSULATORS.
Contractors to Home, Foreign, —

and Colonial Governments,
Post Office Telegraphs, etc.

CAUSER SMITH, AND CO,

SOHO, Near BIRMINGHAM,
Makers of Crabs, Hoists, Cranes, Pulley

Blocks, Lifting Jacks, Punch Bears;
and Hydraulic Presses, &c., &c.

Screw

1

Advertisements. 487

MACBRAIR, OSBORN, & CO., Sydney, ete.

AGENCIES, etc.— continued.

J, T, MARSHALL & CO, Limited,
Nottingham Engineering Works, Nottingham.

MANUFACTURERS OF

HIGH-GLASS PORTABLE & SEMI-FIXED ENGINES,

COMPOUND AND OTHERWISE.
STEEL.—SAMUEL CSBORN & CO., Sheffield.

Steel, Springs, Files, Hammers, Steel Castings, etc.
For further particulars, see page 483.

TELEGRAPH WIRE.—F. SMITH & CO0., Halifax.

Manufacturers of high-class Telegraph Wire to all Specifications.

ICE-MAKING MACHINES.—BROWN BROTHERS & 00.,

NEW OXFORD STREET, LONDON, W.C.

WIRE ROPE.—T. & W. SMITH, Newcastlo-on- Tyne.
Hemp and Wire Rope for Mines, Shipping, and Agriculture.

PAINTS.—FREEMAN & CO., Battersea, London, 8.W.

VARNISH, COLOURS, BLACK LEAD, ETC.

VENTILATING FANS.—LLOYD & DAVIS,
SOUTHWARK, LONDON, 8.E.

Patent Noiseless Disc Fans for Ventilating Mines, Pits, Buildings, Sowers, etc.; for Blowing
Smiths’ Fires, etc.

MINING TOOLS.—HARDY PATENT PICK CO., Limited,
HEELEY, near SHEFFIELD.

Tools of ail descriptions for Mining Operations. FIRST AWARD, Sydney
Exhibition, 1879.

WOOD-WORKING MACHINERY.—
W. B. HAIGH & CO., Limited, Oldham.

BAND SAW MACHINES. SAW BENCHES. MORTICE MACHINES.

TUBE WELLS.—C. ISLER & C0., Southwark 8t., London, §.F,

Tube Wells for obtaining Pure Water in large or small quantities; as used in Egyptian Campaign,
TURNSTILES.—Patent Registering Turnstiles for Agricultural Shows, Race Meetings, etc

488 Advertisements.

a en

CHAMPAGNE.

BOUVIER FRERES, OF NEUCHATEL,

SWITZERLAND,

Direct the attention of our Colonial Visitors to their C/{AMPAGNES, 80 well
known to all Continental Travellers. Bouvier Frings gained in

a
aa

THE HEALTH EXHIBITION, 1884,
ONLY ease MEDAL

CHAMPAGNE.

Price 42/- per dozen. Special Terms for Export.

SOLE AGHNTS-

J. & R. McCRACKEN,

38, QUEEN STREET, CANNON STREET, LONDON, E.C.

INTERNATIONAL INVENTIONS EXHIBITION, 1885.
THE ONLY GOLD MEDAL AWARDED FOR

oy ree London Office:
elegraphic ress! 141, QUEEN VICTORIA
ACME—CARDIFF. plea B.C

For HAND, GAS, ann STEAM POWER.

THOS. THOMAS & SONS, { °ME, HOIST Works

_ Advertisements. 469

Be (PICKERING HOISTING
MACHINERY.

AWARDED 80 MEDALS AND DIPLOMAS,
Illustrated Catalogue Free.

» Pickering Pulley

Blocks & Hoists,

Moore’s and
Weston’s
Pulley Blocks.
Warehouse Cage
Lifts, Hand or
Power.
Light Oranes
and Overhead
Travellers,

High-Olass
Ohains.

J ONATHAN PICKERING,
GLOBE WORKS,
STOCKTON-ON-TEES.

ESTABLISHED 1854.

LIN COLN JEFFRIES,

PRACTICAL GUN MANUFACTURER

Inventor of the Light- weight
12-bore Breechloader, 4} lbs. weight.

8 oN ) In all its vital parts as strong or stronger than
7 regular 6} Ib, and 7 Ib guns.

‘5600 Double Express Rifle, | WINNER OF THE GOLD PRIZE,

Manufactured and Shot by Workmen’s International Exhibition, London,
LINCOLN JEFFRIES, 1870, for Breechloading Guns designed,

FIELD RIFLE TRIAL, Oct., 1883. stocked and finished by myself—Field Gun
6 Trials London, 1875.
5 4th for Silver Cup, 4th for penetration, Ist
60 yards’ range.

The Field, May, 1875 :—“ Mr. Jeffries turns
out a first-class Gun.’—The Field Gun
Trials, London, 1879.

WINNER OF THE 20-GUINEA PRIZE,

m Making the highest penetration on record.—

Field Rifle Trials, 1883.

Second for Double ‘500 Express Rifles,

wy The Field, October, 1883, says :—

4 “Mr. Jeffries made a wonderful 100 yards
diagram.” I was the only competitor at these

rifle matches who shut his own rifles.

DRAWING AND PRICES ON APPLICATION.

WHITTALL* STREET, BIRMINGHAM.

=r ener ape wage BELFAST, Treland

400 Advertisements,

INTERNATIONAL HEALTH EXHIBITION,

SOUTH KENSINGTON, 1884.

GOLD MEDAT,

AWARDED FOR EXCELLENCE OF QUALITY TO

SALT & CO.,

EAST INDIA PALE AND BURTON ALE BREWERS,

BURTON-ON-TRENT.
BRANCH OFFICES.
BELFAST—54, North Street. LEICESTER—10, Horsefair Street.
BIRMINGHAM-—Old Court House, High | LIVERPOOL— 70, Victoria Street.
Street. MANCHESTER-Great Bridgewater St,

BRISTOL—16, Small Street. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE—64, Grainger
DERBY-—38, Albert Street. Street West.

DOUGLAS, I. OF MAN—10, Athol St. NOTTINGHAM-—Victoria Buildings.
DUBLIN—12 & 13 Eustace Street. SHEFFIFLD—8, George Street.
EDINBURGH—Leith Walk Station. STOKE-ON-TRENT—Copeland Street.
GLASGOW-65, Bath Street. WOLVERHAMPTON—15, Snow Hill.

LONDON OFFICES & STORES, 21 To 31, PANCRAS ROAD, W.W.

List of Prices to be obtained of all the principal Dealers,

Advertisements, 491

10 COLONIAL AND INDIAN VISITORS 0 THE EXHIBITION.

E.R. & F. TURNER, 103 Ipswich.

(ESTABLISHED iat )

E.R. & F. TURNER

OFFER

Of most Advanced Type, with
Patent Automatic Expansion Governor,

£. NSURING UTMOST FUEL ECONOMY. —

VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL ENGINES,

WITH PATENT GOVERNOR.

VERTICAL BOILERS OF

Special Design and Horizontal Tubes, Heono- /i, 7
ical and _Anti-priming.

Corn Grinding Mills.

With Stones 15" to 30" diameter in Iron Frames.
And with Stones 36” to 54” diameter in |
Iron or Wood Frames.

CORN AND “SEED ORUSHERS .

OF ALL SIZES AND CAPACITIES.
Special ALi for Crushing Maize, ete., in Large ini.

E. R, & F, TURNER have large experience in Manufacturing the above Machines, which they export
to all quarters of the Globe.

With Shipping Orders every precaution is taken to pack conveniently, to reduce measurement, and to faciliiate
erection at destination.

E.R. & F. TURNER in their desire to adapt their Manufactures to the exigencies of every country,
assure intending purchasers that any suggestions from them will be welcomed and adopted whenever they promise
to be attended with satisfactory results. Whilst inviting Colonists and others to visit their Works, they will be
always ready to meet them by appointment in London at the Exhibition or elsewhere. Catalogues sent free on
application, Addréss—

E.R. & F. TURNER, 103 St. Peter’ s and Grey Friars "Works, IPSWICH.
Telegrams: GIPPESWYK, IPSWICH]

»)

SEND FOR A PRICE LIST OF
JOHN BLAKE’S PATENT

Self-Acting Hydraulic Reams.

For Raising Water for the supply of Towns, Villages, Irrigation, Railway Stations,
Mansions, Fountains, Farms, &o.

Made in Sizes to raise ‘om 300 to 560,000 Gallons per
day. Will Force to a Height of 1,500 feet,

No Cost for Motive Power, which is obtained from the Stream of Water passing through the Ram.
LR eS EL Se rT

492 Advertisementa,

This Ram will force
up spring water
whilst worked
impure water,

View of Ram worked by vater from a sprin
supplyiug the house and garden on the bill.

TESTIMONIALS.

From Wm. DICKINSON, Esq., Agent to the Most Honourable the MARQUESS OF ABERGAVENNY,
Eridge Ks‘ate Office, Hargate Lodge, Tunbridge Wells, July 3, 1885.—* Sir,—I aim instructed by the Marquess of
Avergavenny to say that the Patent Hydraulic Ram, with over two miles of pipe, forcing water to a height of 230
feet, which you erected at Eridge Castle about nine months ago, has given bis Lordship entire satisfaction, and he has
every confidence in its continuing to do so.—I1 am, sir, yours faithfully, WiLL1amM Dickinson.”

From Mr. J. A. RUTHERFORD Agent toC, F. H. Botcxow, Esq., Estate Office, Marton Hall, Middlesborou
September 26, 1883.—" Dear Sir—I am glad to say that the Rams you put down on the Humbledon Estate, for
Mr. C. F. H. Bolckow, are working very well, You undertook, with 16 gallons per minute, to send up 1,500 gallons
» day, and with enough water to work the Rams at full power, 2,000 gallons aday. With a supply of 114 gallons
per minute they are lilting 2,200 gallons, and when working full power, 3,105 gallons per day are sent up to a height
of nearly 400 feet, They made a c'ear start, and have gone well since,”

The Delivery Pipe, in the above case, is 9,000 feet in length,

From Mr. HENRY ROBINSON, Engineer to the Stockport District Waterworks Co., September 8, 1883,—
* Dear Sir,—1 can now report well of the two Hydraulic Rams we have fixed to your instructions for the supply of
Disley Village; 40,000 gallons per day was the quantity you promised they would force to a height of 63 feet, but on
vesting them I am convinced that 50,000 gallons is not the limit of their power, whilst the quantity of waste water
us: din driving them is not equal to half the capacity of the 6-inch pipe by whieh they are fed, and I am inclined
the belief that a more simple and efficient pump caunot be found,”

From Captain TOWNSHEND, Wincham, February 10. 1877,—*“ In answer to your enquiry I am glad to say the
Hydraulic Ram you sent me in November, 1375, is working exceedingly well, and gives no trouble. It will work
when quite immersed, as it has been several times during this winter, forcing up water through a delivery pipe
yU0 yards long at the rate of 80,000 gallons per day, although you only promised 50,000.”

BLAKE’S RAMS have been supplied to the following, amongst others :—

To His Royal Highness tbe Duke of Connanght. To The Right Hon, Lord Leigh.

», His Highness the Maharajah of Kashmir, » The Right Hon, Lord Viscount Bridport,

» His Grace the Duke of Cleveland. » The Right Hon, Lord Viscount Clifden.

» His Grace the Duke of Portland. » The Right Hon, Lord Viscount Boyne.

», The Most Noble the Marquess of Downshire. » The Right Hon, I’, Sotheron-Kstcourt,

», The Most Nobie the Marquess of Abergavenny, » The Rigot Hon. R. More O'Farrell.

» The Most Noble the Marquess of Londonderry. » The Hon. sir William Ventris Field,

» The Right Hon. the Earl of Derby. », Admiral Sir George Broke-Middleton, Bart.

» The Right Hon, the Earl of Gainsborough. » Major-Gen. Sir Henry M. Havelock-Allen, Bart,
» Tue Right Hon. the Earl of Lchester. », Major-Gen, Fielden, Witton Park, Blackburn.
». Ube Right Hon. the Earl of Romney. » Gen, Gerard Potter Eaton, The Pole, Cheshire.
» The Right Hon, the Karl of Granard, », Sir Henry A. Hoare, Bart., Stourhead, Bath.

» The Right Hon. the Earl Beauchamp. » Sir William Fielding, Bart.

», ‘The -‘ountess de Morella, » Sir Robert Menzies, Bart., of Menzies.

» the kight Hon. Lord Viscount Galway. » Sir Humphry be Trafford, Bart.

» Ihe Right Hon. Lord Ribblesdale. » Sir Michael Robert Shaw Stewart, Bart.

OHN BLAKE, ENGINEER, AGCRINGTON, LANCASHIRE, ENGLAND,

Advertisements. 493

JOSEPH TOMEY & SONS,

(ESTABLISHED 1853,)

MANUFACTURERS OF EUREKA

hese Glasses will stand a pressure of 1,200 lbs. per a, cy inch, and do not change colour
nor become furred by 1
Manufacturers to Her Majesty’s Government, Liste eee Testimonials on application,
Makers solely to Messrs. Kerr & Jubb of the Patent Enamolled Water Gauge Glasses.

HE MANOR GLASS WORKS, ASTON, BIRMINGHAM.
THOS. BONTOR & Co.

LAT H

WATSON, BONTOR & Co.
35, 36 OLD BOND STREET, W.

TURKEY (The Best Imported.) CARPETS.
INDIAN _ (Very Choice in Quality and Colour) CARPETS.
PERSIAN (Ancient and Modern.) CARPETS.
WILTON And Saxony Pile CARPETS.
BRU SSELS (uperior Qualities & Special Designs.) CARPET S.

AGENTS FOR LAHORE, AGRA AND OTHER ORIENTAL CARPELS.
«SHOW ROOMS# v
any

grt ch.

Invite COLONIAL

51, HOLBORN VIADUCT, v
\
LONDON, E.C. von

N BUYERS to view their
nen
“ee, NE SPECIAL EXHIBIT

\e ~~ Of the New Metal “ALBION SILVER.”

¢ SILVERSMITHS, * E.LECTRO- PLATERS, KC.

| WHOLESALE ONLY. |
EVERY MARKET IN THE WORLD SUPPLIED THROUGH LONDON puke aha:
2.1L

494 oe

LACHENAL AND CO’S

ENGLISH AND DUET PATENT AND NEWLY - IMPR( 7ED
ANGLO - GERMAN alia

ith,

ENGLISH GEE
MARK,

All warranted with Double-Screwed Notes, rendering repairs extremely easy for Amateur;
Just published, an Easy and Complete Instruction Book for the New Duet
Concertina. Price 2s. nett.
Twenty Years Makers to the late Wm. Wheatstone & Co. Adcpted by al
the Principal Professors.
To be had of all Music Sellers throughout the World. Descriptive Price
Lists Post-free.

LITTLE JAMES STREET, GRAYS INN ROAD, LONDON, W.c

on Miia ti

qiiih

“AD HAYWARD TYLER&Co
LONDON. |

THE ONLY F IRM
AWARDED THREE GOLD MEDALS FOR

AERATED Water MaAcuinerRy

Viz., PARIS, 1878; CALCUTTA, 1884; LONDON, 1884;} and Highest Award
___ MELBOURNE, 1884,

HAYWARD TYLER and COMPANY, Whitecross Street, London.

Advertisements. 495

HIGHEST AWARD, INTERNATIONAL HEALTH EXHIBITION, 1884,

5 Aplate of rich soup is obtainedin a few
DW A R DS minutes at a cost of One Penny, or an
excellent gravy for made dishes.

The cost of EDWARDS’ DESICCATED SOUP is far lower than soup of equal quality can be made in the

usual manner, owing to

nee with Reports the Concentration of Meat
0 H.M. Govern- and Vegetables being
effected on a large scale,

nent ld. free by where those articles are
st, 24d., in stamps. extremely cheap, and of

the highest quality.

ADOPTED BY H.M.
GOVERNMENT, 9

’ A dish of mashed potato obtained in
W A R D S a few minutes by merely adding boiling
water—no waste or trouble.

Invaluable to Hotel-keepers, Restaurateurs, Dining-saloon Proprietors and Caterers generally, During one-half

of the year fresh potatoes are very in-
ample, equal ferior ; hia ince in the spring,
11b. potatoes, and the new potatoes do not get their
free by post, full nutritive value until the autumn.
Bd. stamp. EDWARDS’ PRESERVED POTATO is

always alike, being preserved direct
m the fields when at the!r best con tition, and is more wholesome as a diet than fresh potatoes.

(AS USED IN THE ARMY AND NAVY, AND
FOR DOMESTIC USE.) a

EDK. KING & CO., Ld. 6 Bishopsgate Avenuc, London, &26 Waring St., BELFAST’
RA Ra es ES EIS DR SIRE RE

IFTS! LIFTS!
Steam, Hydraulic, and Hand.

pecially adapted for COLONIAL USE.

llent Closing DOOR SPRINGS,

WITH HYDRAULIC CHECK.

RCHIBALD SMITH & STEVENS,
Queen's Road, Battersea, England.

AGENTS REQUIRED.

496 Advertisements.

BISCUIT and BREAD MACHINERY OVENS, &

NEW AND IMPORTANT PATENTS.
HIGHEST AWARDS WHEREVER EXHIBITED.

ALSO

MECHANICAL STOKERS for STEAM BOILERS, CHARKILNS, dey

For Particulars apply to

T. & T. VICARS, SEEL STREET, LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND

“CUTTERS, LIVERPOOL.”
‘““VICARS, EARLESTOWN.”

Telegraphic Addresses— ;

R a %
foo a

aie |

4 fA ~ 2 2d

C__# a ~e-) n BAe

ZA ome

Soj.- 3!

Arvx|s Ze

7] [a=]

}— 4 fh ee

— Owmifoby

momi~<«so,

ma sro:

Blz,Ho ws

ob 4a AR

= au. sf

lA iN med

AAA oS tT

£10: 10s. : Od. = > s

FREEMAN'S GHLORODYNE.

The ORIGINAL and ONLY TRUE,

Gi : It is the Greatest Medical Discovery of the Present Century, and is
TRADE MARK regarded as a boon to mankind
It is the best known remedy for Coughs, Colds, Consumption, Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and Asthma,
It effectually checks and arrests those too-often fatal diseases—Diphtheria, Liabetes, Fever, Croup, Ague, &c.
; It acts like a charm in Diarrhq@a, and is the only known Specific in Cholera and Dysentery.
It effectually cuts short all attacks of Epilepsy, Hysteria, Palpitation, Convulsions, and Spasms.
It is the only patiative in Rheumatism, Gout, Cancer, Toothache, Neuraigia, Sciatica, Lumbago, €c.

It rapidly relieves pain from whatever cause; allays the irritation of fever; soothes and strengthens thd

system under exbausting diseases, restores the deranged functions, stimulates healthy action of the secretions of t
body, gives quiet and refreshing sleep, and marvellously prolongs life. It may b. taken by Old am
Young at all hours and times according to the directions.
It is extensively used by Medical Men in their official and private practice, at Home and Abroad, who harg
given numerous written testimonials ot its wonderfui efficacy.
Sold by Chemists and Patent Medicine Dealers all over the World in bottles, 1s, 14d. ; 26z., 2s. 9d.;
4 02.,48. 6d.; half-pints, L1s.; and pints, 20s. each; and by the Inventor—

RICHARD FREEMAN, 70, Kennington Park Road, London, S.E. Free by Post,

AMERICAN LABOUR-SAVING MACHINERY.
And LATEST HOME AND FOREIGN IMPROVEMENTS.
UTILIZING WASTE PRODUCTS, AND REDUCING COST OF PRODUCTIOK

Manufacturers visiting Europe should make themselves acquainted with th
latest Improvements in Machinery.

Being personally acquainted with the Colonies our experience is based o
direct knowledge of the locajities and wants.

Sole Agents for the Lancaster Sectional and Vertical Corrugated Tubvu
Boilers, Feed Heaterss,Purifiers, Hydraulic, and Compressed Air Coal and Ore-Gette

Estimates and Particulars supplied free of Charge. Correspondence invited.

THOS. VEASEY & Co., Engineers and Contractor

76, FINSBURY PAVEMENT, E.C.,
AND AT 234, BROADWAY, NEW YORK.

Advertisements, 407

| WOL.INE & CO.

| (Late SPARKS MOLINE & CO.),

) ADELAIDE PLACE, LONDON BRIDGE, E.C.

ESTABLISHED SIXTY WEARS.

BOTTLERS OF GUINNESS’S EXTRA FOREIGN
STOUT FOR EXPORTATION.
MOLINE & CO. Bottle and Ship Guinness’s Stout in the Finest Condition
for any Foreign Market.

Prize Medal Cape Exhibition, 1877. Special First Award Sydney Exhibition, 1879.
SHIP MOLINE’S MONKEY BRAND.

PRIZE MEDAL, International eel erertg 5 1884. AWARD weet MERIT, International Medical and
Exhibition, London,

buseres. VAN ABBOTT'S GLUTEN BREAD,

D ALL SUITABLE FOODS FOR DIABETIC PATIENTS.
DELICATE CHILDREN. —Van Abbott’s Hypophosphite of Lime Biscuits.
SONSTIPATION.—Van Abbott’s Bran Biscuits.
NYSPEPS|A.—Van Abbott’s Malt Biscuits and Gluten Preparations.

Whe 24th Kdition of Van Abbott's Dietary Tables, Menu,and Cooking Receipts, together with Price List, post free from

G. VAN ABBOTT & SON:
INVALID AND INFANT DIETETIC DEPOT,
, PRINCES STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, LONDON, W.

Established] Telegraphic Address—‘‘GLUTENS, LONDON.” (1859.

GIBB & MCINTYRE,
7, St. Benet Place, and Lloyds, London, E.C.
SHIPPING AGENTS AND INSURANCE BROKERS.

ARINE and FIRE INSURANCE in all branches effected on
most favourable terms.

Colonial and Indian Correspondence solicited.

Ss. ALLCOCH & Co.

MANUFACTURERS OF

FISH HOOKS, FISHING RODS, AND

FISHING TACKLE,
REDDITCH, England,

AND MANUF ACTURERS OF

Byard SILKWORM GUT,
ma MUR. Cr A., Sr arn.

“TRADE. MARK. WELVE HIGHEST AWARDS AT INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITIONS
LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF FISHING GOODS IN THE WORLD.

Advertisements.

DEMPSTER, MOORE & CO.

49, ROBERTSON STREET, GLASGOW,

sie pe VICTORIA STREET, LONDON.

MACHINE TOOLS

of all descriptions
R
ENGINEERS, SHIPBUILDERS,
ees ano” BOILER MAKERS:
ALSO

WOOD WORKING MACHINERY,
pcre tre & VERTICAL
NGINES,

ALSO LAND AND MARINE
ENGINES AND BOILERS,
Kllustrated priced Catalogue on application.

CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEER AND EXPERT.
MR. JOSEPH BERNAYS, C.E.,

O96, NEWGATE STREET. LONDON, ENGLAND.
Works and Mills laid out and fitted up at Manufacturer’s nett charges. Patent

Prize Medal TWIN CYLINDER" MARINE ENGINES and STEAM PUMPS.
Improved Centrifugal Pumps and General Plant. Drawings aid Estimates.

BRITANNIA RUBBER & KAMPTULICON Co.

32, CANNON STREET, LONDON, E.C.

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL ARTICLES IN INDIA RUBBER

(CAOUTCHOUC).
W7ORES :-—_Bowry Gama: Ei.

HAYWARD,
LIVERY BUTTON MANUFACTURER,

50, LONG ACRE, LONDON.
COURT, CLUB, NAVAL AND MILITARY BUTTONS.
LIVERY and OTHER BUTTON DIES. | COURT and LIVERY BUCKLES.
COURT AND DIPLOMATIC SWORDS.
DESIGNS A IN D ESTIMATES.

BOOTS AND SHOES
FOR ALL COLONIAL MARKETS.
~ WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS—

AX. . SALOMON & CO.,

Steam Factory and Offices—

28, WHITECHAPEL, HIGH ST., WELLINGBOROUGH and

LONDON, B. é sents LEICESTER.
ARMY AND NAVY CONTRACTORS.

Branches—

fee eR tee

Advertisemenis. 499

DEVONSHIRE CIDER.

Bottlers and the Trade generally supplied with a superior article for Wxport and “Home Consumption.
STrMecons AND co.
HAVE BEEN AWARDED FOR THEIR CIDER AND SPARKLING WINES
Gold: Medal, Calcutta, 1688-4; Gold Medal, London, 1884; Gold Medal, Paris, 1885;
Silver Medal, Healtheries, 1884; and "First-class Prize Medal, Cork, 1883.
THIS SEASON'S MAKE IS OF VERY FINE QUALITY. EARLY ORDERS SOLICITED.
JOHN SYMONS AND CO., SOTN ES, DEVON,
And at RATCLIFF, LONDON

MUSIC IN EVERY HOME !

TE CHLES TIN A.
Is a most Charming Mechanical Musical Instrument which ANY ONE CAN PILAY without the least

masical knowledge. It performs every description of music for Faalm, Song, March, or Dance.
The toue is very rich and powerful, encbanting every one who hears it.

PRICE £6 6s. SMALLER SIZE £3 3s.

May be had on easy terms or liberal discount for cash. Lists free by post.

Sole Licensees—GEO. WHIGHT AND CO.,

148, HOLBORN BARS, LONDON (Corner of Brook Street).

From 13/6 per Case of One
SPECIAL,

Doz. Bottles (Two Gallons)

11, CHICHESTER JUR wy" Bond. F.O.B.

STREET, BELFAST.
BELFAST. WW EXISEE ®Y .

A Paper for Planters everywhere. A Monthly Trade Paper for Bakers
A. Epitome of Home and Confectioners everywhere.

: : All new Inventions of

News, with special the Trad luabl
Produce Supple. a + TREO, VOUMRS
A! Recipes, and
Articles.

Weekly at 182,
STRAND, LONDON,
Wc

Annual Subscription to India Annual Subscription: 7s. post
and Colonies, £1 7s. post free. free, for Abroad; 6s. at Home.

H. KIMPTON, TAILOR, &c.,
105, STRAND, LONDON.

A large Stock of Superfine ‘Cloths, Diagonals, Beavers, Suitings, and
Overcoatings, in every substance, for all climates, at

x. ERIMEYETON’s, 105, STRAND.

(OPPOSITE EXETER HALL.)

W. & A. K. JOHNSTON,

(ESTABLISHED 1825,)
EDINBURGH ; and 6, WHITE HART STREET, WARWICK LANE, LONDON, E.¢.

A COMPLETE CATALOGUE OF

ATLASES, MAPS, ILLUSTRATIONS, GLOBES,

and High-class Medical Works.
POST-FREE TO ANY ADDRESS ON APPLICATION.

500 Advertisements;

E g HINDLEY 11, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET,
it 9 LONDON, E.C.
Works—BOURTON, DORSET.
VERTICAL STEAM ENGINES (Portable or Fixed).
HORIZONTAL STEAM ENGINES (with or without Vertical Boilers).
SAW BENCHES (

ee

Vertical Engine
and Boiler.

——S=——

Bench, with Band Saw. Portable Diagonal Engine (2 wheels). Self-Feeding Saw Bench.
Liberal Terms to Shippers. Catalogues on application.

Hongkong and Shanghar Banking Corporation.

Incorporated by Special Ordinance of the Legislative Council of Hongkong, 20th July 1867,
and. confirmed by Her Majesty’s Government.

Reserve Fund, $4,500,000. Reserve for Equalization of Dividends, 500,000.

Reserve Liability of Proprietors, $7,500,000.

Court of Directors—Honghong.
ALEX. McIVER, Esq. (Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company), Chairman.
M. GRUYTE, Esq. (of Messrs. MencHErs & oY Vice Chairman.

C. D. BOTTOMLEY, Esq. Hon. WILLIAM KESWICK

(of Messrs. Dovenas, LAPRAIK & Co.) (of Messrs. JARDINE, MatHeEson & Co.)
H. L. DALRYMPLE, Esq. (of Messrs. Brrtey & Co.) A. P. McEWEN, Esq. (of Messrs. HoLiipay, WISE & Co.)
WM. H. FORBES, Esq. (of Messrs. Russety & Co.) Hon. F. D, SASSOON
A. GULTZOW (of Messrs. StemssEN & Co.) (of Messrs. Davip Sassoon, Sons & Co.)

Auditors.
Hon. PHINEAS RYRIE (of Mesers. Turner & Co.) | FULLARTON HENDERSON, Esq.

(of Messrs. Russet & Co.)
Chief flanager—Hon. THOMAS JACKSON, Hongkong.
Committee in Donvon—A. H. PHILLPOTTS, Esq., Carshalton, Surrey; E. F. DUNCANSON, Esq. (of Messrs,
T. A. Grips & Co.); ALBERT DEACON, Esq. (of Messrs. E. & A. Deacon).
Manager in Lonvon...........DAVID McLEAN. Sub-fManager in London........ WILLIAM KAYE.
Donvon Bankers—THE LONDON AND COUNTY BANKING COMPANY LIMITED.

Reav_ Olicc—HONGKONG.

Branches anv Agenciesi—Amoy, Batavia, Bombay, Culcutta, Foochow, Hankow, Hiogo, London, Lyons, Manila,
New York, Peking, Penang, Saigon, Sau Francisco, Shanghai, Singapore, Tientsin, Yloilo, Yokohama.

Drafts granted upon, and Bills negotiated or collected at, any of the Branches or Agencies. Letters of Credit and
Circular Notes issued, negotiable in the principal Cities of Europe, Asia, and America, for the use of Travellers.

Deposits received for twelve months fixed at 44 per cent. per annum,

Current Accounts opened for the convenience of Constituents returning from China, Japan, and India,

The Agency of Constituents connected with the East undertaken, and Indian and other Government Securities
received for safe custody, and Interest and Dividends on the same collected as they fall due.

Dividends on the Shares of the Corporation are payable in London, on receipt of the advice of meeting in
Hongkong, held in February and August.

Transfer Deeds, Powers of Attorney, and other Forms, may be had on application.

31, LomBARD STREET, LONDON.

EE

Advertisements. 501

A hers shh eaten nee

MERRYWEATHER « SONS,
FIRE ENGINE MAKERS.

VISITORS TO THE
INDIAN & COLONIAL
eeu EXHIBITION
Mites = ARE INVITED TO
0 JO
63, LONG ACRE, W.C.

yi AND
yy GREENWICH RoaD, 9.E.
LONDON.

SSS

MANUFACTURERS OF

Land Steam Fire Engines; Fooeng Steam Fire Engines; Fixed Steam Fire
Engines, for Mills; Steam Tramway Locomotives; Hand-power Fire Engines of
all kinds and sizes, and suitable for every climate; Pumps and Pumping Engines;
Hoses of Copper-riveted Leather, India-rubber, Canvas, and Rubber-lined Canvas;
Fire Escapes and Hose Reels of all kinds; Fire Cocks, Hydrants, Fire Mains;
Firemen’s Equipments, Hand_Fire Pumps, Fire Brigade Appliances, and all
Apparatus for Prevention and Extinction of Fire.

See the POWERFUL STATIONARY STEAM FIRE ENGINE, fitted up
by MERRYWEATHER & SONS, at the Colonial and Indian Exhibition,

by Orde:: of the Executive Councii.

BY APPOINTMENT

To Her Majesty the Queen, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, and other Members of the Royal Family; tho Nobility
and principal Landed Proprietors; the Emperors of Russia, Germany, and Austria; the various Governments,
Municipalities, and Fire Brigades throughout the world, ivcluding the Metropolitan (Lo:don), Manchester, Liverpool,
Belfast, Paris, Antwerp, Stockholm, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Lisbon, Pesth, Toronto, Calcutta, Singapore. Hong
Kong, Ballarat, Maryborough, Invercargill, Hokitika, Valparaiso, Kio de Janeiro, &c. &c. To the British, French,
German, Austrian, and Russian Admiralties, War and other Departments; to the India Office, Crown Agents to the
Colonies, Her Majesty’s Office of Works, Table Bay Harbour Commissioners, Cape Government Railways, the
Colonial Governments, and the leading Volunteer Fire Brigades, Insurance Companies, Railway and Dock Companies
in the United Kingdom.

AWARDS:

TWO GOLD MEDALS
“INVENTIONS,” 1885.
PARIS, 1878.
SYDNEY, 1880.

MELBOURNE, 1881.
AND OTHER MEDALS

AT THE VARIOUS
EXHIBITIONS OF ALL
NATIONS.

502 Adwertisements.

RODGERS PATENT

WROUGHT IRON PULLEYS

ENTIRELY WROUGHT-IRON, RIM, ARMS, AND BOSS.
The ONLY Pulley made with a
Wrought-Iron BOSS.

HIGHEST PRIZE MEDALS AWARDED WHEREVER EXHIBITED,

The Only r aauay» The
SAFE Ar\\\ 1/7 > LIGHTEST
PULLEY fan \\\\//7A STRONGEST
for _— a | and
HIGH [ea Wi «BEST
SPEEDS | BALANCED

or Af \\ ff PULLEY
GREAT A i | Ny in the
POWER. i \ \S . WORLD.

| OVER 50.000 IN USE. |

For Electric Light purposes they are specially suitable. They were used solely for
driving the dynamos at the late International Fisheries, Health, and Inventions Exhibitions,
and are now used for the same purpose at the present

COLONIAL AND INDIAN EXHIBITION.
er SEE THEM WORKING.

QUICK DELIVERY GUARANTEED.
ALL SIZES up to 24 feet diameter.

SOLE MAKERS—

HUDSWELL, CLARKE, AND CO.,
Reflway Foundry, Leeds, England.
Locomotive Engines of all sizes sud to suit any Gauge of Railway, for

Main or Branch. Railways, Contractors, Ironworks, Collieries, &c.

SPECIFICATIONS, PHOTOGRAPHS, and PRICES ON APLLICATION.

Advertisements. 508

THE BROUGHTON COPPER COMPANY, Limited.,

PRIZE - MEDALS eae meas
aagnees © MANUFACTURERS yup."
PA man oie VIENNA . ; = : ats

“COPPER AND BRASS

_ CYLINDERS,
TUBES FOR LOCOMOTIVE & MARINE BOILERS,
CONDENSERS, &c.

RODS, SHEETS, INGOTS, &c.
HYDRAULIC RAMS &. ELECTRO-COPPERED.
ANTI-FRICTION METAL. PHOSPHOR BRONZE.

BROUGHTON COPPER WORKS,

LONDON OFFICE: M A N C H E ST E Rk. GLascow OFFICE:
422, Cannon sical = 28, St. Enoch Square.

ns Established
1815,

“Universal”

STEAM PUMP,
All kinds of punide for
Hand, Horse, Bullock, Steam, jij

BaBswnecross St TONE EC

or Wind Power.

504 Advertisemente.

With Six Illustrations and a Map.

SIX MONTHS IN CAPE COLONY AND NATAL,
ONE MONTH IN TENERIFFE AND MADEIRA.

By J. J. AUBERTIN, Author of “A Flight to Mexico.”
Crown 8vo., cloth, 68.

Lonvon: KEGAN PAUL, TRENOH & OO.
PRICK ONE SHILLING, Post free.

THE AUSTRALIAN CENTENARY,

AN HISTORICAL RETROSPECT OF EVENTS NOT TO BE FORGOTTEN.
By B. A. HEYWOOD, M.A, Trin, Coll., Camb.

“An interesting narrative.”—Leeds Mercury.

LONDON: ELLIOT STOCK, 62, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.

J.C. JENNENS & SON,

MANUFACTURERS OF

Every description of BEST ENGLISH CLOCKS,

WHOLESALE AND FOR EXPORTATION,
CHIME CLOCKS—A SPECIALITY.

Chiming the Quarters, on Four, Eight, or Ten Bells, and the Westminster,

Cambridge, or Whittington Chimes, on Gongs or Bells, and Striking the

Hours on a Deep-toned Gong; in superior well-made Cases (suitable for ‘iil

Climates) of New and Chaste Design, in Oak, Walnut, Rosewood, Satin, Wood,
Mahogany and Ebonized, with rich Ormolu Mounts.

MANUFACTORY AND SHOW ROOMS:
25 and 26, GREAT SUTTON STREET, CLERKENWELL, LONDON.

LONDON, PARIS, PHILADELPHIA, ANTWERP, SYONEY, INVENTIONS EXHIBITION, ETC.
: GOLD MEDALS AND HIGHEST AWARDS,

ELOSsSS’

CELEBRATED

_ MICROSCOPES,
TELESCOPES,

* PHOTOGRAPHIC LENSES,

&e., &c., &e.
It PR AAG Pia pA 2 Ps
Illustrated Catalogues and Full Particulars on
application to J

ROSS & CO. 112, NEW BOND ST., LONDON.

2
=

Advertisements. 505
~~ GOLD MEDAL AT INVENTIONS EXHIBITION, 1885.

Tere “ETBOoTOR CONDENSER.”
MORTON’S PATENT extended for GREAT MERIT.

ph Ag y IN The “ BJHOTOR
ds fA PX
if _ vel Ni
nae erate — > x
—— P My

CONDENSER"
¥.

is applicable to
all Steam Engines,
Steam Pumps, and
Sugar Pans.

Produces a
Vacuum without
an Air Pump or
other moving parts,
and is not liable to
get out of order for

= = _ "tect faving By
= } steam o o
ALEX. MORTON & THOMSON, Pee er ents OF gives
t Patentees and Sole Makers, ord engine, or a reduction of the
96%, BUCHANAN STREET, ge lara
GLASGOW" de coe

THE MACHINERY AND HARDWARE COMPANY
147, QUEEN VICTORIA ‘STREET, LONDON, E.C.

Horrzontav Steam ENGInes, _ Stream Boiters. :
V», £
H. Power. Cylinder. | rices. 40 H. P. Cornish 214

£ S790 ,, » 113

5 Tin. X 14 in, 39 0 a | ES Ll
12 10 ,, X 20 4, 66 10 | 10 HP. Vert. £
20 14 ,, K 28,, 113 0 Cross Tube 64
32 18,36, |191 of SHEP» » 35

SPECIALITIES—ALWayYs IN STOCK.
STEAM ENGINES AND BOILERS.

ENGINEERS’ MACHINE TOOLS, | 3Cwt.Steam Hammer.
MINING PLANT, PUMPS. Cylr. 6 X 18 in.
WOODWORKING MACHINERY. £57 108,

CrrcuLar Saw Bencu.

£8
36 in. X 22 in, ll 0
60, X 30,, 17 10

Screw-Cuttine LATHES.

5 in, centre, 5 ft. bed 24
Tt nx 8 Py 31

9 X10 4, 50 DRILLING MACHINE. 4
12 »%20 5» 99 FP ogin.... =. £27 10

REDCLIFFE
Crown Galvanized Iron Co.,

oem BRIS ToO.,
A KO And 118, Cannon Street, London,
i> a + MANUFACTURERS OF THE
*“REDCLIFFE CROWN”

2¢ 7, °
bi Galvanized ERON
For all Markets of the World, of the Highest Quality,

Awarded GOLD MEDAL, 1883.

\.

P aa gm , .@

a m Sq wo > 2 £
GH 2 Sesih, ipigigte
RAS bag Bdaead 28% fis

Se EPEC er
Above suitable for Smoke Room, Summer b™ P a REESE ga8 iye2
Tennis Ground, &c.; Hight feet Square, a9 og BFS 6 ea Of Fs
£27 10s. Od, A 3

506 Advertisements,

omen W. J GALLOWAY d SONS.

The whole of the Electric Installation for Illuminating
the Garden and Grounds, is survlied by

W. & J. Galloway and Sons, Manchester,

Under Contract with the Royal Commissioners, and includes upwards
of 10,000 Glow-Lights, with a number of Arc Lamps.

These Lights are distributed on various parts of the Buildings
and Grounds, and a portion of the Arc Lights are used for Illumi-
nating the Fountains with ever-changing Colours and Effects.
The whole of these arrangements have been designed by Col. SIR
FRANCIS BOLTON, and have been carried out under his personal
direction and supervision.

The Machinery for providing the necessary Electric Current
consists of Three Horizontal Compound Non-Condensing Engines,
each capable of developing 200 Indicated Horse-Power when
running at 120 revolutions; Two of these Engines, driving Four
of Elwell-Parker’s 4-pole 50 unit (nominal) Horizontal Dynamos,
are fixed in the Building adjoining the Canadian Machinery Court,}
and either Engine, with its pair of Dynamos, is complete in itself,
and is capable of giving the current required for 5,000 Glow
Lamps.

Steam for driving these Engines is supplied by the Galloway
Boilers in the adjoining Boiler House (a). Another similar Engine
is placed in the West Quadrant, and this provides the current
for the Arc Lamps and Fountain [llumination. This Engine is
driving two'FS 6-pole pattern 40 unit Compound wound Victoria
Brush Dynamos.

Messrs. GALLOWAY, in designing the above Engines and Plant,
have specially considered the advisability of having Engines for
Electric Light Installations of more substantial construction than
have hitherto been generally adopted, knowing that the success
of Electric Installations primarily depends upon having Engines
equal to the requirements, and of such a character as to give a
permanently satisfactory result.

t

The plant which was used for the Electric Garden Lighting
of last year’s Exhibition, consisting of three large size Siemen’s
100 unit Dynamos, each driven by triple-cylinder Engine, also
stands in the Quadrant and can be made use of as required.

Advertisements. 507

MAGNETIC-CUL INDIA RUBBER KS
Red Mineralized India Rubber,

For Valves, Washers, and Hose, for Tropical Climates, &e.
New Moulded Seamless Eiocc,
THE NEW MOULDED ENEMAS,
CATHETERS AND BOUGIES,

The “Hand Emollient” and “Sultan’s” Bath Brush,
The “ Prince of Wales,” “Omnium Gatherum,” “Mineralized Cor.
rugated,” “ Sultan,” “Premier,” and “Gordon” Tobacco Pouches,
Royal Aromatic Elastic & Imperial Bands.
MANUFACTURERS OF
EVERY DESCRIPTION OF INDIA RUBBER
Sheets, Valves, Washers, Buffers, Cord, India Rubber & Canvas Packing,
Delivery €F Suction Hose Pipes for Fire Engines, Steam Packels, &c.
Gas Tubing, Lawn Tennis Balls, Enemas, Syringes, Catheters, Water Beds, &c.
THE ARMY AND NAVY REGULATION COATS AND CLOAKS.

Piece Goods, Cart and Wagon Covers, Air-Proof Beds,
ushions, &c. Solid India Rubber Mats and Matting.

9O9OO0SSOOSOSOSO0O80COC8

ne, GRESHAM STREET, B.C.

2 MILLS:
a
2a

sy SG Tottenham, LONDON.

Advertisements.

HE

FISHERIES EXHIBITION LITERATURE

PUBLISHED BY

WM. CLOWES & SONS, LIMITED, 13, Charing Cross, =, W.

NOW READY.

THE INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION
LITERATURE. Complete in 14 Vols., each fully indexed. Demy

8vo. cloth. Price £6 6s.

The Fourteen Volumes, as above, comprise the whole of the IMPORTANT
LITERARY OUTCOME of the Fisheries Exhibition, which is issued in a collected
‘orm with copious Indexes, &c., by desire of the Executive Committee.

Any of the various divisions of this work may be obtained separately, at
the following prices, but the volumes of each division cannot be separated :—

THE HANDBOOKS. Forming Vors. I. to II. .. 0. 1 41
THE CONFERENCE PAPERS. Forming Vots. IV. to VII. 2 ° 2
THE PRIZE ESSAYS. Forming Vots. VIIL to XI. ee a er

THE OFFICIAL CATALOGUE) , .
AND JURY AWARDS. } Forming Vor. XII. +» 0 TO

THE OFFICIAL REPORT. Forming Vou, XIII .. e: O° MIS
THE ANALYTICAL INDEX. Forming VoL. XIV. iat 0. 20

The exhaustive range comprised by the Handbooks and Prize Essays)
which are by writers of great eminence and authority, and the comprehensiv
nature of the Papers which emanated from the various Conferences, combin
to render this Series an exceptionally instructive and condensed Library 0
teference on all questions appertaining to Fish, Fishing Appliances, and th
Fishing Industries of all Countries, brought down to the date of the Inter
national Fisheries Exhibition of 1883.

A Complete List, showing the contents of each of the above volumes, will b

sent post-free, and copies of any of the Handbooks, Conference Papers, or Pria
Essays, may still be obtained of the Publishers.

eer

LONDON: WILLIAM CLOWES & SONS, Limirtep,
13, CHARING CROSS, S.W.; AND AT THE EXHIBITION,

a

509

|HEALTH EXHIBITION LITERATURE

PUBLISHED BY

| WM. CLOWES & SONS, LIMITED, 13, Charing Cross, S.W.

oe

The first 16 Vols. are now Ready.

} THE HEALTH EXHIBITION LITERATURE. Complete

in 19 Vols., each fully indexed. Demy 8vo., cloth. Price £6 6s.,
or any of the Volumes may be obtained separately, price.'7s, 6d. each.
r , eS da,

| HEALTH IN THE DWELLING. With a Preface by
Sir Henry W. Dyke AcLAND, K.C.B., &c. Comprising the
Handbooks, Conferences and Lectures exhaustive of this subject.
t 3 Vols. eee eos ooe ooo eee eee eee ooo eee I 2 6

HEALTH IN DIET. Witha Preface by Professor ARTHUR
GaMGEE, M.D., F.R.S. Comprising the Handbooks, Conferences
R and Lectures exhaustive of this subject. 3 Vols. ake eee oe =

§) HEALTH IN RELATION TO CIVIC LIFE. With a
Preface by the Right. Hon. GEORGE SCLATER-BooTH, M.P. Com-

0 prising the Handbooks, Conferences and Lectures exhaustive of this
subject. 3 Vols. ... bes ais Sea one eee eee aoe ee

GENERAL HYGIENE. With a Preface by Captain Doucias
GALTON, C.B., F.R.S. Comprising the Handbooks, Conferences
and Lectures exhaustive of this subject. 3 Vols. oes vee oe «=O 2 6

EDUCATION CONFERENCE. Containing Full Reports of

the International Conferences on Education. 4 Vols, ... vee we I Te °

MISCELLANEOUS LITERATURE or tHe EXHIBITION,
‘ including the Special Catalogues, Jury Awards, &c., &c. 3 Vols. ... I 2 6

iS)
a

nN
oO

A Complete List, showing the contents of each of the above Volumes, will be
sent post free, and copies of any of the Handbooks, Conference Papers or Lectures
"BE may still be obtained of the Publishers.

‘The authors have been carefully selected, and the information conveyed is generally both useful and
i trustworthy.” — 7 tees. ate . :

“Among the actual results of the opening of the Health Exhibition, not the least important is the
issue of a series of Official Handbooks that practically illustrate the science of health in all its manifold
ASPCCtSeeseeeeess The general excellence of the first instalment of these handbooks promises well for the
value and completeness of the series; while the price at which they are issued, should assure the success
they merit.”—Saturday Review.

i ~
——————————_

LONDON: WILLIAM CLOWES & SONS, LimiTep,

2m 2

510 Advertisements.

GUSTAV BOEHM,
SOAPMAKER AND PERFUMER.

NINE PRIZE MEDALS awarded for Superior Qualit
TO
BOEHWM’S Celebrated Transparent Glycerine Soap.
BOEHWM’S (Calcutta Gold Medal Exhibition 8~sp.
BOEHM’S Extra Scented Purified Toilet Soap.
BOEHWM’S Triple, Double, and Simple Extract of Flowers.
BOEHM’S Lavender Water, Florida and Colonial Toilet Water,
BOEHWM’S Menthol Charms and Menthol Cones.

London Factory:

38, MORELAND STREET, CITY ROAD, E.C.
And at OFFENBACH-ON-MAIN, GERMANY.

S. OWENS & Co,,
HYDRAULIC AND GENERAL ENGINEERS

SOLE LICENSEES AND MANUFACTURERS OF

“BLAKE'S” PATENT STEAM PUMPS,

AND

“LACOUR’S” PATENT STEAM PILE DRIVERS.
Makers of Pumping Machinery of Every Description.

Turbines, Water Wheels, Hydraulic Rams,
Irrigating Machinery, Earth Boring Tools, Contractors’ Plant,
Hydraulic and Screw Presses, Oil Mill Machinery, dc., de.

OFFICES AND WORKS:

WHITEFRIARS STREET, FLEET ST., LONDON, E.C

CATALOGUES AND FULL PARTICULARS ON APPLICATION,

Advertisements,

=

~~ HIGHESTAWARDS) |
(RES WET ER EBA 7

< \
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We \\\ WV il
wo 9* Wi VAAN
TS ANS

5
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—— MMH
ANH

YLivERPOOL. 3 India Buldings
| BirnuncHam . 1446! Charles Street [

CopyRIGHT,]}

512 __ Advertisements, =

Tue DAVEY SAFETY MOTOR.

eves TENT)

AWARDS:—Gotp Mepat .. .. Society or Arts.

Oo. oo) = eee StS ee SC NVENTIONS EXHIBITION.
First MepaL .. oe ee « ee Royat Aaricucturat Society.
Watt MEDAL oe oe ee of oe Rovat Cornwatt POoLyTecunic.

FOR WATER SUPPLY, DRIVING MACHINERY,
and ELECTRIC. LIGHTING,

NO SKILLED —
ATTENTION 1.4 semana
bi ia THAN AN
Perfectly Safe, ORDINARY

no Explosion
being Possible.

HOUSE STOVE.

THE DIFFERENTIAL PUMPING ENGINE,

STEAM AND HYDRAULIC ENGINES OF ALL
KINDS FOR MINES, WATERWORKS AND
GENERAL PURPOSES.

Catalogues on application.

HATHORN, DAVEY & Co., ENGINEERS, LEEDS.

513

‘esn
[ermojon 10; pojins Aypetoeds ‘setmosseooe pue AroUINOLTT
ToyeM poy JO YOO} powea pue odie, amo yoadsur pure
[20 0} PpePAUL e1v UWOpucT SUITISIA s10qIQ PU STSINOTOO

a

Advertisements.

ee a ripen ere

FEN} avin 5 NDA N

514 Advertisements.

NOVEL, FLEGANT, AND USEFUL PASTIME FOR LADIES.

HOME-KNIT ORIENTAL (SMYRNA) RUGS.

Winietenee ( REGISTERED.)
Nest 70 SMYRNA BOXES, with 8 Zpeciroen of Work, Design, all Requisites for
PS.MaG Trial Strip and Instructions (Copyright) ;

SMYRNA WOOL, Smyrna Cotton, Designs, Design Books, Colour Caria,
and all Accessories,
Retail from all the leading Berlin Wool Repositories throughout the World, and for Export

Oriental
Bmpr (Wholesale only).

Gitool |PAUL SCHULZE, 49 a M1, Greenwood St., Manchester,

REG?

N°.35138. ee Also CRYS TAL SILK, Brilliant Fancy.
Silk Wool and Worsted Yarns for Crocheting, Embroidery, Knitting, &o
Fac-simile of WHOLESALE Buying AGENTS WANTED WHERE NOT REPRESENTED.
Yarn Label.

PRIZE MEDALS AT LONDON, PARIS, DBR VIENNA, AND PHILADELPHIA,

SWAINE & ADENEY,
WHIP MANUFACTURERS,

TO THE QUEEN AND ROYAL FAMILY,

185, PICCADILLY, LONDON, W.

Wholcsale, Retail, and for Exportation.

Patent Whip Sockets, Waterproof Aprons, Rosettes, Horse ee
* KILNER BROS,,
GI, ASS + Manufacturers of all kinds of
-GLASS BOTTLES

+f- ;

a FOR HOME AND EXPORY TRADE.
BOTTLES . Colonial and Indian Visitors are cordially invited to call and

: inspect samples at No. 9, Great Norraern Goops Sration,

Kino’s Cross, LONDON,
Bs Few minutes’ wall from King's Cross, (Afet.) Station.

N.B.—Our Bottles now ‘take the lead in the Priucipal Markets in the World.
Gold Medals—Dublin 1882, Boston 1883, London (Int. Exhib.) 1884.
SIR JAMES MURRAY'S

For ACIDITY,
INDIGESTION, HEARTBURN,
GRAVEL, and GOUT,

FLUID MAGNESIA.

The Inventor's Pure Original Preparation. 1s. Bottles almost Double usual size. To be had
of all Chemists. Wholesale of

SIR JAMES MURRAY & SON, Chemical Works, Graham’s Court, Temple Street, Dublin;
BARCLAY & SONS, 95, Farringdon Street, London.

STS

Advertisements. 515

OHLENDORFF’S DISSOLVED PERUVIAN GUANO
SPHOILAL CANE MANURE,

(WITH GUARANTEED ANALYSIS)
ARE THE BEST MANURES FOR THE SUGAR CANE.

9 SA oo SNE a Te ERTS SA EE ASS ET ON SI SA SN) SN TSE ONE SO Le DN SN RR NE TT
| PLANTERS are invited to inspect the collection of Sugar Canes from all parts of the World, |
exhibited in the West Indian Department by this Company.

SULPHATE OF AMMONIA, NITRATE OF SODA, &c.

Prices and further Particulars on application to

THE ANGLO-CONTINENTAL (late Ohlendorff’s) GUANO WORKS.
London Agency: 15, LEADENHALL S1T., LONDON.

Sole Importer of Peruvian Guano in the United Kingdom and other Countries, under the new contract with Chilian Government.
A ET SRE en EE ES STL ED CTE Se Oe A ECON PS. 3 NR ce ae RE A

THE CHEAPEST HOUSE IN LONDON
FOR SHEET MUSIC,

AND GENUINE BONA FIDE FIRST-CLASS

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

Pianos, Harmoniums, American Organs, Portable Folding Harmcniume,
Violins, Flutes, Cornets, Concertinas, Melodeons, Dulcimers, Zithers,
Nickel-Silver Flageolets, Orguenettes and Ariston (Invincible) Organs,
Fairy Bells, &c.

SPECIALITIES :—Eairy Bells, Nickel Silver Banjoes, Flageolets, Strings,
Ariston Invincible Organs, and Cheap Cylinder Flutes

J. A. MILLS, 60, MOORGATE STREET, E.C.

Hardware, Machinery, Tools, &c.

FOREIGN MERCHANTS AND BUYERS

Will find a good assortment of Samples at

J. E. HARTLEY'S,

13, St. Paul’s Square, Birmine ham.
Suitable for every Market. Inspection invited. Prices on application.

METALLIG BEDSTEADS.
FIRE~-PROOF SAFES,

A LARGE VARIETY OF ‘OF SPECIALLY NEW AND CHEAP DESIGNS,
Suitahle for Colonial Trade.
COLONIAL VISITORS TO THIS EXHIBITION SHOULD NOT FAIL TO SEE THEM.
WHOLESALE ONLY—
LONDON SHOWROOMS: 12, Laurence Pountney Lane, Cannon Street, E.C.
JOHN & JOSEPH TAUNTON, LONDON & BIRMINGHAM.

516 Advertisements.

a

DON PAWERN ROHS, CRs |
40, Holborn Viaduct, E.C. << ‘gy 4

Or PECIALITIES
All GOODS for EXPORT Ky SERCIALITIES
Cartland’

are packed in Cartoon As & “
Boxes, bearing <9 My

s Patent Door
4 Springs; Andrews and
Peacock’s Patent Lock Furni-

Y ‘ , ;

Trade Mark oe ture; Branland’s Patent Quadrants;
S & Preston’s Patent Screw Adjustment;

as below. we Halton’s Patent Lever Roller and Venetian

Blind Furniture; Cartland’s Machine-made

Brass Butts; Climax, Reliable, and Smith’s Door

Springs; Harrison’s Patent Machine-made Sunk-
slide Flush Bolts.

CHARLES CHURCHILL & CO.,

IMPORTERS OF

American Tools, Machinery, &c.,

21, CROSS ST., FINSBURY, LONDON, E.C.

ESTABLISHED IN 1862.

" i a is lh oe ==

LITTLE GIANT DRILL CHUCK.

AGENTS for Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Co.; Pratt & Whitney Co.;
Morse Twist Drill Co.; Horton Chuck Co.; Oneida Steam Engine Co.;
A. F. Cushman; Charles Parker Co.; Enterprise Manutacturing Co.;
Henry Disston & Sons; Gould’s Manufacturing Co.; Betts Machine Co.;
American Watch Tool Co.; Miller’s Falls Co.; F. E. Reed; Stanley Rule
and Level Co.; Stephen’s Vice Co.; Union Stone Co.; and all the First-
Clans American Manufacturers.

Catalogue, 250 pages 4to., sent for 1s. Stamps.

Adwertisements. 517

ALL KINDS OF

-AGRIGULTURAL, GARDEN & FLOWER SEEDS,
GRASSES, ETC.,
FLOWER ROOTS AND BULBS.

WAITE, NASH & CO.,
19, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, SE

N.B.—Special attention to Export Orders for
India and the Colonies.

CATALOGUES FREE ON APPLICATION.
PURE WATER SUPPLIES.

As supplied to H.M. War Department, for all the
Military Expeditions.

RAPID AND ECONOMICAL MEANS OF SUPPLYING
TOWNS, BREWERIES, MANUFACTORIES, AND IRRIGATING LANDS.

is i BRS
Patent Improved Registering Turnstiles.

BORING TOOLS FOR PROSPECTING AND
MINING PURPOSES SUPPLIED. PUMPS, &c.

EXPOR r TERMS on A PPLICA TION.
Cc. ISLER & CO,,

(A/S, CONTRACTORS TO H.M. WAR DEPARTMENT,
= ; 88, Southwark Street, London, S.E.

518 Advertisements.

JOHN ROGERSON « Co., |
STANNER’S CLOSE STEEL WORKS, |
WOLSINGHAM.

ATTWOOD’S PATENT
STEEL CASTINGS AND FORGINGS

Up to 15 Tons, of every description, Machined and Finished.

DREDGER BUCKET CHAINS
Finished ready for Dredgers, as supplied to the Suez Canal.
AN CHo RS,
Couplings for Broken Shafts,

WHICH CAN BE FIXED AT SEA.

GUN CARRIAGE CASTINGS

UP TO 110-TON GUNS.
PROPELLER BLADES. SHAFTING. PISTON RODS.
CYLINDER COVERS.

ENGINE AND CARRIAGE WHEELS, with AXLES,

FITTED COMPLETE.

Tool, Chisel, Hammer, Jumper and Quarry Steel;
Railway Crossings, Spur Wheels and Pinions;
Steel Shovels; Steel Shot and Shell to any
size finished.

NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.—Office, Quayside.

Advertisements, 519

a ee ee ee

OUTHALL Bros, & BARCLAY, Gold Medals & Bila arial aan
Manufacturing and Export Chemists, Ne ed h am’ wy
BLrER MING HAM. >

legraphic Address: ** SOUTHALL, BIRMINGITAM.”
snufacturers and Patentees of the “ SANITARY O IS ing
4 . .

OWEL” for Ladies.

anufacturers of GAMGEE’'S PADS and SURGICAL Dazeling
DRESSINGS, JRADE Pp Mirror
Manufacturers of the “A 1” COD LIVER OIL. Pinish aste

Factory: BALSTAD, NORWAY. The repurstion of nearly a cout «as the most as le preparation
for Cleaning and Brilliantly Po ishin BRASS, OOPPER, TIN,
Dealers in CHEMICAL and PHILOSOPHICAL BRITANNIA METAL, PLATINOID, &o. be obtained Retail every-
. Apparatus, where, in 6d, & 1s, Pots; ad. 3 id. bay and 1d, Oardboard Boxes,
ae — ae : Inventors and Sole Manu/facturers—
PSCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES of various kinds free iQ OSEPH PICKERING & SONS SHEFFIELD,
on application, NDON Wholesale Depot: 36 to 40, York Noa, Kia's cnose,

NEW SUMMER BY SPECIAL
PATTERNS FREE!! ROYAL APPOINTMENT.

SPEARMAN’S

NOTED AND FASHIONABLE

DRESS FABRICS AND SERGES
PURE WOOL ONLY.

Thousands of Customers testify that no other article woven equals this in generat
tility. According to THE QUEEN, “ It has no rival.”

New Colouz ‘s!—New Checks !—New Mixtures !—For Ladies? dresses, beautiful
ualities, 1/6 to 4/6 the yard. For Children, capitally strong, 1/3 to 2s, the yard. For
rentlemen’s wear, double width, 2/6 to 10/6 the yard. The Navy Blues and the Blacks are
ast dyes. On receipt of instructions samples will be sent Post Free. Any length cut.

All Orders Carriage Paid to Principal Railway Stations.
GOODS PACKED FOR EXPORT.

Buy DIRHCOT OF

'SPEARMAN & SPEARMAN,
)NLY ADDRESS. PLYMOUTH. NO AGENTS.

SEE THAT YOU ALWAYS GET t+ ALL WHO USE 4

D @) M E Should see that they get the real Article—as som®
a unfair Shopkeepers, for the sake of extra gain, have

. been detected in palming off Counterfeits, trading on

Sinclair’s reputation. Always ask for «Sins. 8

Soap, which has won favour with the public fr its
Magic Cleansing Properties and thorough sterling »1!v .

A boon to rich and poor alike. Everybody buys and

SED IN THE ROYAL HOUSEHOLD. avaryrody eclls Sinclair’s Soap. 9
N

520 Advertisements.

LIMIT HD.
OFFICE—8, DRAPERS GARDENS, LONDON, E.Cc. WORKS—NORTH WOOLWICH

SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES,
Torpedo Cables,

TELEPHONE CABLES, ELECTRIC-LIGHT CABLES, i

AND

All descriptions of Insulated Wires & Cables, ¥

Prize

GEORGE PAWSEY WITT

(Firm established upwards of 100 years)

Manufacturer of RIOE AND OORN MILLING MAOHINERY, Steam Engines
Boilers, Shafting, Malt Kilns, Woven Wire and Drying Machines, Cement
and Coprolite Mills. Millstones for all Purposes.

Oflfice—19D, MARI*C LANE, LONDON.
Teiegraphic Address: ‘‘FORWITT, LONDON.”’

W. H. POLLARD'S SIX-GUINE

plate, and = Enelig

Medals at all the Principal Exhibitions,

Top Lever double
central fire, 12, 16, or Damascus barrels, |¢

20 bore, bar rebound- ene ~ choke or cylinder bor

ing locks, hammers [gj ®) Shooting guarante
below line of sight, & tH} and special warrant

with each Gun fi
TWO years.

spring forepart, solid
strikers, horn heel

UNWEQUA LIED.
Vide Ituvstrateo Sportinc AND Dramatic News. — “A remarkably well-farnished gun
ArMY AND Navy Gazerre.—‘* Renown,’ a term the excellence of the workmanship full
justifies.” Lanp anp WaTEr.—‘‘ We cannot conceive how it is turned out at the price
British TRADE JouRNAL.—* The ‘ Renown ’ is a well-made and highly-finished Gun.”

SUPERIOR LEATHER CASE and COMPLETE APPARATUS 2 GUINEAS.
Colonials will do well to inspect above before purchasing elsewher

DOUBLE EXPRESS RIFLES 15 GUINEAS, PERFECT ACCURACY.
ILLUSTRATED LIST AND TESTIMONIALS N APPLICATIO
Gun Manufacturer :

63, KING WILLIAM STREET, LONDON, E.C.

Advertisements, 521

saw ELLER wy.
VINCENT C. SMITH,

MANUFACTURER OF

ABR-WIRES, SPRING SWIVELS, BOLT AND SPRING

INGS, SPLIT RINGS, ALBERT BARS, ETC., IN BRIGHT,
AND COLOURED GOLD AND SILVER.

ll, VYSE STREET, BIRMINGHAM.

(Through Merchants Only.)

Gold and Silver Plated and Bronzed

@ prize @
@

OC all the British any Foreign Exhibitions, " "MEDALS

SUPPLIED SKPARATELY, OBVERSE AND REVERSE, OR MOUNTED AND FRAMED,
in, Gilt Casts of Medals for Decorations, Indla-Rubber Medal Stamps,
Klectrotype and Copper-plate Engraved Medals for Printing purposes,
SHOW CARDS WITH EMBOSSED CARD MEDALS.

ILTON SMITH & Co, RS

Steam Kithographic and Netterpress Printers,
HOLESALE & EXPORT STATIONERS,
ACCOUNT-BOOK MANUFACTURERS & ENGRAVERS,

31, & 517, DEVONSHIRE STREET, BISHOPSGATE, LONDON.

Vi_FenOk WORK (N'OL8T ANO WROUGHT
COALBROOKOALE, on AD ‘ "AND PATENT TWISTEOMETAL CATED,
SHROPSHIRE, Baie eS" t PIERS, AND FAILING’ VERANDAH®
THEIA NEW OATALOGUG RECENTLY 9 Dalat SL aie GTAIROASES,_GALUG>,
PUBLISHED, CONSISTS OF TEN GECTIONS, PUREE TERS. CONGERVATORIe9. GHOPe
vam f |
1 GRATES, FENOERS, ETO
FURNITUR . ETO.
VRGARDEN EMBELLISHMENTS, FOUN
—-SAINS, VASES ANO CHAIRS, STATUES, [
FIGUNES, ETO’ = > » ———
fV, RANGES, STOVES, ETC. . ey COLONIAL CASTINGS AND GOODS FO
MV. GAS PILLARS, ETO ORINKING FOUN- Fayeth, EXPORT,
TAINS, MONUMENTAL EREOTIONS, ae Ba Xt STEAM ENGINES & MACHINERY ETO
CONSTRUCTIONAL IRONWORK, ETC. Fi GAICK AND TEAIIA COTTA WOK

Castings~[Ron Work

e9 FOUNTAINS, VASES, SEATS in GROUNDS, dc., of EXHIBITION.

2n 2

522 Adwertisemenis.
TE BH

Edison &% Swan United Electric Light Company
>t Limited, te
57, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.C.,

WILL SHORTLY REMOVE THEIR OFFICES TO

14, Albert Mansions, Victoria Street
WESETMINSTE-F, S.w.

MAKERS OF THE

EDISON and SWAN INCANDESCENT Lamps

AND OF THE

€d'son-Ropkinson ‘Dynamos,

AND ELECTRICAL FITTINGS OF VARIOUS KINDS.

19 Bare Company having completed the Removal

of their Lamp Factory from Newcastle to
Premises of greater capacity near London, are
now prepared to Contract for the supply of the
Edison and Swan Lamp of ail the Standard
Candle Powers, and delivery without delay.

The Company undertake the Installation of
the Electric Light in Public Buildings, Mills
Ships, Private Houses, &c., &c. The following
Installations were carried out by this Company:
The House of Commons, Inner Temple Library,
Holborn Restaurant, Criterion Theatre, &c., &c.

The Edison and Swan Lamp is used in the}
Royal Navy end in most of the Chief Flectric
Lightings throughout the World.

The Edison-~Hopkinson Dynamo is the mos
efficient Machine in the Market.

—_

Advertisements. "4...

MAL 1INERY.
SIMPLEST AND MOST EFFICIENT SYSTEM,

Estimates for complet Plants,

KNEADING
MACHINES.

DOUGH DIVIDING

MACHINES.

SIFTING
MACHINES.

Ovens, Dough Trucks,

Weighing Machines,

' Tables, Water Temper-

ing and Measuring

i Cisterns, and other
Bakery Fittings,

—

Se = —— CATALOGUES POST FREE.O

ERNER & - PFLEIDERER, 86, Unter Ground Street, London, §.E.

THE RIGBY

PATENT HAMMERLESS GUN,

WITH VERTICAL BOLT AND IMPROVED SAFETY.

This Action is especially adapted for Guns or Rifles firing heavy charges, and
was awarded a Gold Medal at the Inventions Exhibition, 1885.

220 ROOK AND MINIATURE MATCH RIFLES.

or Price Lists and Particulars, apply to

JOHN RIGBY & CO.,,
2, ST. JAMES’S STREET, LONDON,
AND DUBLIN.

BY MRS. HENRY WOOD.
East Lynne. (125th Thousand.)
Anne Hereford.

Bessy Rane.

The hannags.
Court Netherleigh.
Dene P tad

Edin

Fister’s Folly.

George ppp pela s Will.
Johnny Ludlow. (ist Series )
Johnny Ludlow. (2nd Series.)
Lady Adelaide.

Life’s Secret, A.

Lord Oakburn’s Daughters.
Master of Greylands.
Mildred Arkell.

Mrs. Halliburton’s Troubles.
Orville College.

Oswald Cray.

Parkwater.

Pomeroy Abbey.

Red Court Farm.

Roland Yorke.

Shadow of Ashlydyat.

St. Martin’s ae

Trevlyn Hold

Verner’s Pride.

Within the Maze.

BY MISS F. M. PEARD.
Near Neighbours.

BY RHODA BROUGHTON.
Belinda.
Cometh up as a Flower.
Good-bye, Sweetheart.
Joan. Nancy.
Not Wisely but too Well.
Red as a Rose is She.
Second Thoughts.

BY MRS. ALEXANDER.
Look before you Leap.
Her Dearest Foe
The Admiral’s Ward.
The Executor.

The Freres.
The Wooing 0’t.
Which shall it beP

BY MRS. ANNIE EDWARDES.

A Ball Room Repentance.
Leah: a Woman of Fashion.
Ought We to Visit Her?
Steven Lawrence: Yeoman.

BY MRS. RIDDELL.
Berna Boyle.
George Geith of Fen Court.
Mysterv in Palace Gardens.
e Susan Drummond.
BY MRS. PARR.
Alam and Eve.
Dorothy Fox.

* Advertisements.

WEMAaPAVOURITE NOVELS.

Each work can be had separately, price 68., of all Booksellers in Town or Couniry.

BY HAWLEY SMART.
Breezie Langton.

BY CHARLES READE.
A Perilous Secret.

BY THE HON. LEWIS WINGFIEL
Lady Grizel.

BY MISS CAREY.
Barbara Heathcote’s Trial.
Nellie’s Memories.
Not like Other Girls.
Robert Ord’s Atonement.
Wooed and Married.

BY MISS FOTHERGILL.
The ‘First Violin.’
Healey.

Kith ane Kin.
Probati
The Wellfields.

BY J. SHERIDAN LE FANU.
In a Glass Darkly.
The House by the Churchyard.
Uncle Silas.
BY MARCUS CLARKE.’
For the term of his Natural Life.
BY BARONESS TAUTPHGUS.
The Initials. | Quits!

BY* MRS. CAMPBELL PRAED.
Policy and Passion.

BY HELEN MATHERS. {
Comin’ thro’ the Rye.
Sam’s Sweetheart.

BY ANTHONY TROLLOPE.
The Three Olerks.

BY FLORENCE MONTGOMERY.
Misunderstood.
Seaforth.
Thrown Together.

BY MISS AUSTEN.
(The only Complete Edition, besides the Stevent
Edition, at 63s.)

Emma.
Lady Susan, and, The Watsons.
Mansfield Park.
Northanger Abbey, and, Persuasion
Pride and Prejudice.
Sense and Sensibility.

BY MRS. NOTLEY. .
Olive Varcoe.
BY LADY G. FULLERTON.
Ellen Middleton.
Ladybird.
Too Strange not to be True.
BY W. CLARK RUSSELL.
An Ocean Free Lance.

BENTLEY'S FOREIGN FAVOURITE NOVELS.

BY HECTOR MALOT.
“No Relations. (With Illustrations.)

BY MRS. AUGUSTUS CRAVEN!

A Sister’s Story.

BY''E. WERNER.

No Surrender.
Success: and how he won it.
Under a Charm.

RICHARD BENTLEY "AND" St SON, } NEW BURLINGTON STREET, LONDON,
Publishers in Ordinary to Her Majesty the Queen, ib

Neen en nnn EEE NEEEEEEeREEnE

WITHOUT EXTERNAL LIFTERS TO 66
COCK THE GUN.
Honours, Paris, 1878;

DipLoma & MEDAL, Sypnky, 1880,
AND CALCUTTA, 1883-4.

Wherever shown Nas 2 > ,

EXPRESS RIFLES.

HENRY OR METFORD
RIFL

13de01030T FIA
ome |
a
rm
o
re
m™

eS USpIOoy Te

Aiayeg

TREBLE GRIF) GE LEWIS\

Pea mie,
RT RRA

ORDERoF MERIT S&
AND MEDAL AT

dunt e31eqost

*aTQIsso
Sutispusl ‘31!

TRAJECTORY U GREAT

Hammertess Breechloaders with Ansonand Deeley's | ejecting, ‘380, '360, “340 "32% “300 and ‘220 bores, from 8 to 10
locking, cocking and automatic satety bolt, combined with | Guineas. Single Hammerless—sarm¢ bores—8 to 12 Guineas

|

GE. LEWIS'S TREBLE GRIP Action, the opening of this Cape Guns, one barrel rifled, o. ier barrel smooth bore, for
gun cocks it and bolts the triggers and tumblers automatically. shot or spherical ball, as M.L.’s from 6 Guineas; as B.L.'s from
Prices from QO to 40 Guineas. Special plain quality, £16. 10 to 80 Guineas. Colonial Gums, one pair ot barrels
Gibbs and Pitt Hammertess from £12 12s. Under rifled, with extra shot barrels, choked or cylinders, trom
lever ones, from £8 8s. semiedammeriess, with safety ' 18 to 40 Guineas, this latter forming a battery ot itself tor
bolt, 15 to 80 Guineas. Treble-grip B.L.’s with Ham- the man of moderate means; ‘360 to ‘577 rifled barrels, 10 to
mers, from £10108. Top-Levers, 4, 5, 6,7 and 8 Guineas. 28 bore shot for paper or brass shells. Send six stamps for
Farmers’ and Keepers’ Breechloaders, with Catalogue of Guns, Rifles, and Revolvers the larzest stock in

\» double-grip action, low hammers, rebound locks and left barrel the world. Why buy from Dealers when you can buy it a
choke, at 6 and 6 Guineas, the best value in the trade. half the price from the Maker? Any gun sent on appreval on
Sideslever Snap action, B.1..’s, from 508, receipt of P.O.O., and remittance returned if, on receipt, it

is not satisfactory. Target trial allowed = A choice of 2,0c0

Rifles for big game shooting, 4, 8 and 10 bores, 20 to 50
Guineas, EXpress Rifles, 9360, °400) “450, (500) and | °577
yore, from 12 Guineas. Rook Rifles, non-fouling, cartridge- trade.

Mor Conversions, Re-fits, Re-stocking, &c., we have a staff of workmen Second to none in Englanc:

G. E. LEWiS, Gun Maker, 82 & 33, Lower Loveday St. Birmingham.

Guns, Rifles, and Revolvers, embracing every novelty in the
(ESTABLISHED 1850.)

ESTABLISHED 1836.——Jubilee Year, 1886.

KNITTING AND FANCY WooLs

FOR HOME AND EXPORT.
pos " SCOTCH FINGERINGS, in great Variety.
PATTERNS THE fe HIGHLAND SOFT KNITTING,”

ON (Card Spun for Wear

APPLICATION. SPECIAL MAKES FOR MACHINE-KNITTING.

DSRNA PILL OLLI

BALDWIN & WALKER,

Works: West Croft Mills (King Cross), HALIFAX, Yorkshire.
LONDON Warehouse: 35, CARTER LANE, ST. PAUL’S, EC.

STAND NO. .

JOHNSON'S PATENT BRIGKMAKING & PRESSING MACHINERY.

PRIZE MEDALS—
Highest Award for Brickmaking Machinery at International Inventions Exhibition.
GOLD MEDAL -—Building Trades Exhibition, Sheffield, 1886.

MACHINES FOR STEAM, ANIMAL, OR MAN POWER ADAPTED FOR ALL CLAYS, &
PRODUCING THE BEST QUALITY OF BRICKS & TILES AT THE LOWEST COST.

Prices and Illustrated Catalogues free on application to
Ww. JOHNSON, Maker and Patentee,
QUBEWN’S ROAD, DHEDS.,
Telegraphic Address—" Cardigan, Leeds,”

TRIG BRACE.

27, OXFORD STREET, W.

Being the ONLY Electric Appliance recom-
mended by the Medical Profession.

Please write for Particulars,

SHODGE’S IMPROVED PATENT “AUTOMATIC SOFT
. RUBBER SHELL TRUSS,

“Very effective.’—The Lancet, Oct. 3, 1885.
“Very ingenious and successful Truss.”—British Medi-
B cal Journal, May 23, 1885.
“ Very effective, comfortable, and adapts itself readily
to the movements of the body.”—Lancet, Oct. 3, 1885.
Description Free. ~

INVENTED BY

HODGE AND CO,,
@2wazy, OREO HD calamari Ww.
Factory: 18, JAMES STREET, LONDON,

W. W. GREENER,

Gun and title “daker,

Begs to call attention to his Specialities—
THE SELF-ACTING EJECTOR GUN is the highest development of the Sporting Gun. The

fired cases are thrown out—a aovelty of surprising ingenuity and practical utility. ‘lhe chief advantages of the
KJECTOR GUN—Celerity! Comfort!! Economy !!!

THE TREBLE WEDGEFAST Hammer and Hammerless Guns are the strongest,
safest, and most durable.

W. W. GREENER’S CHOKE-BORE GUNS, which have Won at all the great London Gun
Trials, and taken First Honours wherever tried or shown.

Several New Pattern Guns at low prices. The GREENER £10 GUN is excellent value.

CALL AND SEE USEFUL NOVELTIES IN GUNS AND SPORTING GOODS.
68, HAYMARKET, LONDON; also at BIRMINGHAM.

™ CELEBR..TED

Bb LEXTINCTEUR
i “FIRE QUEEN.” ee
oa = These Extincteurs are well- |p

Nh
im Hy Known, and are cayable of [:x-
Mah tinguishing very serious Fires,

: stages They are not under
Prices from £3 10s, | pressure, not liable to burst,
to £6, | and contain a larger volume

| of gas for Extinguishin
For all kinds of buildings. | Fires. : .

Ma mM El i th ‘wi

MAH \
a ‘hemical Charges for
¢ : a ditto, 28., 4s. 6d., page | Prices per dozen, = ae
<n ‘ 5s. 6d, each. | 45s, nett.
fe ‘ Baskets for hatding Three, 18, 3d, each.

FOR CIRCULARS, APPLY TO

JAMES SINCLAIR, 64, Queen Victoria Street, London.
SLEEPLESS NIGHTS avoided by using

ROWCLIFFE’S
PATENT SANITARY WIRE MATTRESS.

odoaiegg ADAPTED FOR HOT CLIMATES.
=e SUITABLE FOR ANY KIND OF BEDSTEAD,

na They are perfectly clean; very
22> Strong and Durable, Noiseless, Portable
and Cheap.

lived Ready
tor Use.

= Cannot get Out of Order.

~ ‘Fulded for Transit.
WHOLESALE ONLY.

J. B. ROWCLIFEFE & CO.,

MANUFACTURERS AND PATENTEES, MANCHESTER.
London Warehouse and Show Rooms: 12, LAURENCE POUNTNEY LANE, E.C.

BRISTOL GLAZED STONEWARE.

(Highly Glazed, Vitrified, Acid Proof.)

PRICE, SONS & COMPANY,

| Manufacturers of JARS and BOTTLES for WINES, SPIRITS, ALES ~-INEGAR,
JAMS, MUSTARD, SALT, PICKLES.

CHARCOAL WATER FILTERS. WICKERED JARS FOR EXPORT.

INSULATORS, PRIMARY AND SECONDARY BATTERY JARS.

Prize Medals :—
| dnternational Health Exbibition, Paris, Philadelphia, Sydney.
ILLUSTRATED LISTS ON APPLICATION.

OFFICES:—69, VICTORIA STREET, B R | STO L.

Office and Sample Room—76, TURNMILL STREET, E.C.

ALL 'THE NEW PATTERNS IN

COLOURED FRENCH CAMBRIC

AND

SARATA GAUZE COTTON SHIRTS.

\SAMPSON. & CO,, 3
Mi 4 SHIRT TAILORS, N's <i
268 “& 270, OXFORD STREET, near HOLLES STREET, LONDON.

DEWHURST’S |
SEWING COTTON

SF THE “THREE SHELLS” BRAND.
Acent For Canapa: FRANCIS A. BAILY, 25, St. James's Street, MONTREAL.

Sove Acents For Austratia, Tasmania, ANO New Zeacano: GIBBS, BRIGHT, & CO,

MELBOURNE, 39, Flinderslane West; SYDNEY, Pitt Stroet; BRISBANE, Eagle Street;
ADELAIDE, Grenfell Strest ; DUNEDIN, N.Z.

JOHN DEWHURST & SONS, BELLE-VUE MILLS, SKIPTON.
ee eae % FIN STs

As supplied to the As supplied to the
Governments of Governments of

ENGLAND, FRANCE,
GERMANY, DENMARK,
ITALY, CHINA,

SPAIN, NEW ZEALANI
BRAZIL, VICTORIA,
HOLLAND. QUEENSLAND.

PRIZE ‘MEDALS AWARDED

SYDNEY, PARIS, ADELAIDE, TYNEMOUTH, LONDON, YORK, MELBOURNE
NEW ZEALAND, CALCUTTA, AMSTERDAM.

ETEVE’S PATENT OIL ENGINE.

Very simple; has very few working parts, requiring
NO BOILER, NO COAL, NO GAS.
Specially applicable for Propelling Launches, Pumping, Threshing, Chaff-cutting, and Grinding

Works: HULL. PRIESTM AN — St

Wt OaeG

HALL, KENSINGR

President—THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF ZETLAND.
Chairman—THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF LATHOM.

THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL HALL, at Addison Road

Station, Kensington, which will shortly be opened to the Public, is

intended to become the PERMANENT CENTRE FOR ALL
NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL

EXHIBITIONS, TOURNAMENTS, SPORTS, FETES,

AND SHOWS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
The Buildings cover nearly FOUR ACRES, and the
OPEN GROUNDS, which are nearly EIGHT ACRES in extent, will
be available for

Tennis, Garden Fétes, Musical Promenade and Outdoor Sports,

The Grand Hall is the largest in the Kingdom, and is
specially adapted for SHows OF HorseEs, CATTLE, Docs, PouLTRY,
FLOWERS, MACHINERY AND IMPLEMENTS OF ALL KINDS. There will
be a succession of such Shows throughout the year.

The Directors are prepared to receive applications for per-
manent space within the Building, for Carriages, Machinery, Imple-
ments, etc., and also for the most valuable Advertising spaces,

The Company undertake the SALE AND PURCHASE OF
HorsEs, CATTLE, IMPLEMENTS, FARMS, ESTATES, etc., and all Agency
business connected with Agriculture.

Breeders and others are invited to enter the particulars of
Stock for sale.

Prospectus may be obtained at the Offices of the NATIONAL
AGRICULTURAL HALL COMPANY, LIMITED, 25 and 26, St. Margaret’s
Offices, Victoria Street, Westminster, S.W.

| Addison Road Station is 8 minutes’ journey from South Kensington,
Trains every few minutes,

‘HWAITE..

IRONFOUNDER

AND

CASTINGS, IRON MERCHANT.
#GA9T RAILINGS. paur's WHARF,

he RALN-WATER GOODS. 24, 26, & 237, UPPER THAMES STREET,
REGISTER MANTEL and TILE STOVES. a ONDON, B.C.

KITCHENERS & HEATING APPARATUS UNION FOUNDRY,
OF ALL KINDS. STOCKTON-ON-TEES.

Light and General Castings of all descriptions for the HOME,
INDIAN, and COLONIAL MARKETS.

s . (*CROSTHWAITE, LONDON.”
Telegraphic Addresses : {i CROSTHWAITE, STOCKTON-ON-TEES.”

___ Advertisenaatii 531

S. S. Allsop )"

INDIA PALE ‘ALE a

LONDON, 1862.

PARIS, 1€87.

S. Allsopp & Sons,

THE BREWERY,
BUE TON-ON:-THRAN TT.

London Offices: 61, KING WILLIAM ST., E.C.

ALLSOPP’S ALES IW CASK OR IN BOTTLE CAN BE OBTAINED FROM
THE FOLLOWING AGENTS IN THE COLONIES, INDIA, AND ABROAD :—

Bombay see aes Benn, Ashley & Co. Fremantle... .. L, Samson & Son,
Calcutta .. o. Gladstone, Wyllie & Co. Auckland, N. Z.. . Arthur Heather.
Madras vee oes Gordon, Woodroffe & Co. Christchurch, N. Zz. Warre, Hockley & Co.
Penang ... ... Boustead & Co. Dunedin, N. %. ... Mackerras & Hazlett.
Singapore ... ... Boustead & Co, Wellington, N. Z. Levin & Co.

Hong Kong ».. Norton & Co. Cape Town... ... J. Searight & Co.
Shanghai ... ... George Smith. Port Elizabeth ... Dunell, Ebden & Qo,
Sydney... nes Scott, Henderson & Co. King William’s

Melbourne... ... F. G. Nutting. Town seas G. B. Christian & Co.
“Brisbane 4.0 os Ernest Goertz & Co. Durban sg... we Edward Snell & Co,
Townsville... ... Burns, Philp & Co. Mauritius ... ... Ireland, Fraser & Co,

Rockhampton ,,, W. Thomson, United States ... E. & J, Burke, New York. /

ee

lisements.

— | WSON, & CO.,

LA 1
. ifacturer $ Of

Mt y AMD MANUAL FIRE ENGINES

To the Metropolitan Fire Bri-
gade, Her {Britannic Majesty’s
War Department, Board of
Admiralty, Crown Agents for
A the Colonies and Counoil of

~ India, the Insurance Offices,
ui t Municipal, Volunteer, and
sy Private Fire Brigades.

isla Tae
dy’ ae) ey

rine HyNOITI ANN Re
EE kana oot id OVER TWO- THIRDS

OF THE

STEAM and MANUAL
FIRE ENGINES

OF THE

METROPOLITAN

(LONDON)

FIRE BRIGADE

ARE BY

EE HAND, MASON, & CO.

Fire Escapes, Portable Fire Engines, Hose, Patent Instantaneous Hose
Couplings, Firemen’s Equipments, and Fire Extinguishing Apparatus of evory
description and for all Climates.

Gold Medals
FIRST AWARDS

AT THE FOLLOWING

INTERNATIONAL
EXHIBITIONS AND

COMPETITIONS.

1869

London Exhibition ... + 1851 | Edinburgh Exhibit‘on Paris Exhibition ... oo» 1878
London Exhibition ... 1862 | Glasgow Competition ee $1870 Sydney Exhibition ... - 1879
Crystal Palace Competitions 1863 } Preston Competition... ee §=1871 Melbourne Exhibition - 1880
Middleburg Exhibition 1864 | Moscow Exhibition ... oe §=1872 Karlskrona (Sweden) Compe-
Cologne ©xhibition ... «» 1865 | Vienna Exhibition ... ee =1873 tition we iss we §=1881
Dublin Exhibition ... +» 1865 | London Exhibition ... ve «(1874 Special Diploma, Fisheries

Paris Exhibition... «» 1867 | Norrképing (Sweden) Exhib, 187% Exhibition, London 1883
Bradford Competition 1867 | Cape Town Exhibition + 1877 Special Diploma, Health Ex:
Akola (India) Exhibition ... 1868 | Orebro(Sweden) Competition 1877 hibition, London ... oe 1884
Altona (Germany) Exhibition 1869 | Christiania Exhibition we 1897 AND

Highest Award (Gold Medal) International Inventions Exhibition, London, 1885.
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES ON APPLICATION.

75, UPPER GROUIND STREET, BLACKFRIARS ROAD, LONDON.

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THE 8

International . ,

aS wal INWORK aE

Exhibitivn, 1876 as 1879,
‘Tol 1884, Goid and Silver Medal
URERS OF

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Tronwor causa undertake the complete fitting i? of laree or small Stables, including Stall
bxes, Woodwork, Paving, Draining, Tiles, Ventilation, Harness Room Fittings, &c., &c,
TARY IRON FITTINGS FOR COWHOUSES AND PIGGERIES.
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES POST-FRER.

AIRCASES (STRAIGHT AND SPIRAL) IRON ROOFS, GATES, RAILINGS
BALCONIES, CONSERVATORIES, SASHES, &o. FINE CASTINGS OF ALL KINDS.

Hand Forged Wrought-Iron Choir Screens, Shop Front Grilles, Electroliers, &c

CONTRACTORS FOR ARTISTIO. a AT THE COLONIAL AND INDIAN EXHIBITION.
Show Rooms—
sr. PANO RA! rHROoWw WoRt FE S&S, |

ST. PANCRAS ROAD, LONDON, NW. Close to King’s Cross, St, Pancras, & Huston Ry. Stations

CHARTERED BANK OF INDIA, AUSTRALIA, AND CHINA

HEAD OFFICE—HATTON COURT, THREADNEEDLE STREET, LONDON.
INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER.

CAPITAL £800, 000. RESERVE FUND £200,000.

URT OF DIREC
WM. CHRISTIAN, Esq. | WM. MACNAUGHTAN. Esq. ROBY. 81 STEWART, Esq. LUDWIG WIESE, Fs
EMILE LEVITA, Esa. | WM. PATERSON, Ese. JAS. WHITTALL, Ksa, | VERSE, LEQs
Manacer—J, HOWARD GWYTHER, Sus-Manacer—CALEB LEWIS. Srcrzerary—WM. CHAS. MULLINS.

CIES AND BRANCHES.
BOMBAY. AKYAB. SINGAPORE, HONGKONG, SHANGHAT.
CALCUTLTA, RANGOON, BATAVIA. FOOCHOW, HANKOW,
COLOMBO. PENANG, SOURABAYA, MANILA YOKOHAMA,

The Corporation receive money on deposit for not less than twelve months ; grant Drafts payable at the above
Agencies and Branches; buy and receive for collection Bills of Exchange ; issue Letters of Credit; and conduct
general Banking business in the Kast.

LLOYD, ATTREE, & SMITH,

MANUFACTURERS OF
Gentlemen’s Cravats. White and Coloured Shirts. Sill
and Linen Handkerchiefs. ‘Travelling Rugs. Dressins
Gowns of all descriptions. Umbrellas. And other Goods |
suitable for Drapers, Hosiers, and (Outfitters.

WHOLESALE AND EXPORT ONLY.

82 & 38, WOOD STREET, LONDON.
Factory: MILTON WORKS, CHAPEL ST., CRIPPLEGATE, E.C.